CN103025369B - 药物递送装置 - Google Patents

药物递送装置 Download PDF

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CN103025369B
CN103025369B CN201180028000.7A CN201180028000A CN103025369B CN 103025369 B CN103025369 B CN 103025369B CN 201180028000 A CN201180028000 A CN 201180028000A CN 103025369 B CN103025369 B CN 103025369B
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controller
delivery apparatus
syringe needle
reservoir
antibody
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CN103025369A (zh
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M.D.霍尔特
A.S.凯恩斯
M.罗马克
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Amgen Inc
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Abstract

一种药物递送装置包括具有内部空间的外壳、具有缩回态和伸展态的针头、在缩回态和伸展态之间移动所述针头的注射器和置于所述内部空间内的储液器,所述储液器被设置来接收一定体积的药物并与所述针头流体连通。所述药物递送装置还包括控制器,其与所述注射器和所述储液器连接,且被设置来仅驱动所述注射器使所述针头从缩回态移动到伸展态一次,以及驱动所述储液器在已经过一段预选定时间后以单次团注方式递送所述体积的药物给患者,所述控制器置于所述内部空间内且在被置于所述内部空间内之前经过设置。所述递送装置为可佩戴式、可弃式和单次使用。

Description

药物递送装置
技术领域
本专利是针对药物递送装置,且更特定来说,是针对单次使用、可弃式药物递送装置。
发明背景
可注射药物常规上是通过使用附接到注射器的针头投药。所述针头插入适当的深度(例如,皮下、真皮内或肌肉内),且活塞在针筒内移动以将药物从针筒注入患者。许多时候,患者将被要求自行投与药物,在这种情况下,患者负责用药物填充注射器和随后将药物注射到自己体内。
当应对一种疾病(如糖尿病)时,患者可能必须在一整天中投与一系列的注射液。例如,患者可能必须在餐前投与多种快速起效的胰岛素注射液,以及在睡前投与长时间起效的胰岛素注射液。当这些多次注射液是在一天中投与时,可能出现以下问题,包括患者可能丢失或忘记投与注射液中的一种或多种。
为了解决由必须在一整天中自行投与一系列注射液所引起的问题,患者常常借助泵或自动注射装置,来消除手动把握注射液的需要。这些泵可经手术植入,而某些自动注射器是被设计成捆绑或附接在患者外部。泵或自动注射器可以具有微处理器,其依照内部程序在一整天中投与药物(例如,胰岛素)给患者。通常,至少泵或注射器的控制部分将再次使用,且常常可从注射入患者的系统部分拆卸。
如以下更详细地阐明,本发明阐明一种药物递送装置,其实现对上述常规装置的有利替代,所述药物递送装置可以是可弃式,单次使用的药物递送装置。
发明概要
在本发明的一方面,一种药物递送装置包括可弃式外壳,其具有限定内部空间的内部表面和外部表面;针头,其具有其中针头收回至所述内部空间内的缩回态和其中所述针头的尖端伸过所述外壳的外部表面的伸展态;注射器,其与在缩回态和伸展态之间移动的所述针头连接的;和置于所述内部空间内的储液器,所述储液器被设置来接收一定体积的药物且与所述针头流体连通。所述药物递送装置还包括与所述注射器和所述储液器连接的控制器,所述控制器被设置来仅驱动所述注射器使所述针头从缩回态移动到伸展态一次,和驱动所述储液器在经过预选定的时期后以单次团注方式递送所述体积的药物给患者,所述控制器置于所述内部空间内且在置于所述内部空间内之前经过设置。而且,所述递送装置为可佩戴式、可弃式和单次使用的。
在本发明的另一方面,提供一种操作可佩带、可弃式、单次使用的药物递送装置的方法。所述方法包括根据内部空间内所包含的控制器,仅一次地将针头的尖端从在所述递送装置的外壳中限定的内部空间自动注入患者,以限定注射部位。所述方法还包括根据内部空间内所包含的控制器,自动驱动储液器以通过所述注射部位在经过一段预选定时间后以单次团注方式递送一定体积的药物给患者。
附图简述
据信,结合附图从以下描述将更完整地理解本发明。出于更清楚地显示其它元件的目的,已通过省略选定的元件而简化某些图。除非在相应的书面描述中明确描述,否则某些图中元件的这些省略并不一定表明在任一示例性实施方案中的特定元件的存在或不存在。附图不一定按比例绘成。
图1是根据本发明的实施方案的药物递送装置的透视图,其具有可用来填充所述装置的相关注射器;
图2是沿线2-2的图1的药物递送装置的横截面视图;
图3是沿线3-3的图2的药物递送装置的横截面视图;
图4是图1的药物递送装置的变型的透视图,其包括观察窗;
图5是与根据本发明的针头结合使用的障壁系统的放大、不完全横截面视图,其中所述针头处于缩回态;
图6是图5的障壁系统的放大、不完全横截面视图,其中所述针头处于伸展态;
图7是与根据本发明的针头结合使用的变型障壁系统的放大、不完全横截面视图,其中所述针头处于缩回态;和
图8是图7的障壁系统的放大、不完全横截面视图,其中所述针头处于伸展态。
具体实施方式
虽然以下文字阐明本发明的不同实施方案的详细描述,但是应了解,本发明的法定范围是由在本专利的开端所阐明的权利要求的语言限定。详细描述仅被视为示例性的,且不描述本发明的每一个可能实施方案,因为描述每一个可能实施方案将是不实际的,即使并非不可能。使用当前技术或在本专利的申请日期之后所开发的技术,可实施众多可供选择的实施方案,它们仍将落于定义本发明的权利要求的范围之内。
还应了解,除非术语是使用句式“如本文所使用,术语‘’是据此定义以意指...”或类似句式在本专利中明确定义,否则不意欲明确或通过暗示限制那个术语的含义,只要不超过其字面或平常的含义,且这些术语不应该被解释为限制在基于本专利的任何部分(除了权利要求的语句外)所做的任何陈述的范围内。在本专利前文的权利要求中所引用的任何术语所达到的程度是指在本专利中采取与单一含义一致的方式,这仅仅是为了简明起见以不使阅读者混淆,且不希望这些要求的术语以暗示或以其它方式限制在所述单一含义。最后,除非要求元件由引述的词语“意指”定义和不引述任何结构的功能,否则不希望基于35U.S.C.§112,第6段的申请解释任何要求元件的范围。
图1至3说明一种可佩带式、可弃式、单次使用的药物递送装置50。装置50具有可附接到具有粘合剂的患者或佩戴者上的可弃式外壳52。如图2和3中所见,针头54和注射器56置于外壳52内,其中针头54具有缩回态,其中尖端58(事实上,整个针头54)可收回在外壳52内部,和伸展态,其中尖端58从外壳52伸出(参见图5-8),注射器56将针头54从缩回态移动到伸展态。装置50还包括控制器,其连接到注射器56和含有一定体积的药物的药物供应62,控制器60操作注射器56以移动针头54和药物供应62,递送所述体积的药物。
药物递送装置50特别适用于为接受治疗癌症的化疗的患者解决特定问题,但其可具有在这个特定应用以外的用途。化疗剂(如氟达拉滨(fludarabine)、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)和环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide))以不同方式起作用,以终止癌细胞的生长。某些作用剂起杀死癌细胞的作用,而其它作用剂起终止癌细胞分裂的作用。同时投与超过一种作用剂可提高疗法的效力。
这些化疗剂对癌细胞起作用,同时它们可能具有抑制患者的免疫系统的副作用。为了对抗化疗剂对免疫系统的作用,可投与集落刺激因子(如G-CSF),以增加存在于骨髓或周围血液中的免疫细胞(例如,白血细胞)的数目。这些G-CSF作用剂包括(但不限于)(非格司亭(filgrastim))和(peg非格司亭(pegfilgrastim))。但是,常规想法表明,为使G-CSF生效,G-CSF不应该在投与化疗剂期间投与,甚至于达到以下程度,投与G-CSF应在投与化疗剂的最后一次剂量至少24小时之后进行。因此,患者必须返回治疗位置(例如,医生办公室),另外预约以接受G-CSF注射。
在各种其它实施方案中,所述药物递送装置可用于各种药品,使用可以在与如上针对G-CSF所述相同或不同的条件下进行。这些药品可包括例如红细胞生成刺激剂(ESA),其可以呈液体或冻干形式。ESA可以是刺激红细胞生成的任何分子,如(依泊汀(epoetin)α)、(达依泊汀(darbepoetin)α)、(依泊汀δ)、(甲氧基聚乙二醇-依泊汀β)、MRK-2578、INS-22、(依泊汀ζ)、(依泊汀β)、(依泊汀ζ)、(依泊汀α)、依泊汀α海萨尔(Hexal)、(依泊汀α)、(依泊汀θ)、(依泊汀θ)、(依泊汀θ)、依泊汀α、依泊汀β、依泊汀ζ、依泊汀θ和依泊汀δ,以及如在以下专利或专利申请中所公开的分子或其变体或类似物,各专利以引用的方式全文并入本文:美国专利4,703,008;5,441,868;5,547,933;5,618,698;5,621,080;5,756,349;5,767,078;5,773,569;5,955,422;5,986,047;6,583,272;7,084,245;和7,271,689和PCT公开WO91/05867;WO95/05465;WO96/40772;WO00/24893;WO01/81405和WO2007/136752。
ESA可以是红细胞生成刺激蛋白。如本文所使用,“红细胞生成刺激蛋白”意指直接或间接导致促红细胞生成素受体活化的任何蛋白,例如,通过结合和引起受体的二聚合作用。红细胞生成刺激蛋白包括促红细胞生成素和结合并活化促红细胞生成素受体的其变体、类似物或衍生物;结合促红细胞生成素受体和活化所述受体的抗体;或结合并活化促红细胞生成素受体的肽。红细胞生成刺激蛋白包括(但不限于)依泊汀α、依泊汀β、依泊汀δ、依泊汀ω、依泊汀I、依泊汀ζ和其类似物、聚乙二醇化促红细胞生成素、氨甲酰化促红细胞生成素、模拟肽(包括EMP1/红细胞)和模拟抗体。示例性红细胞生成刺激蛋白包括促红细胞生成素、达依泊汀、促红细胞生成素激动剂变体和结合并活化促红细胞生成素受体的多肽或抗体(和包括在美国公开2003/0215444和2006/0040858中所报道的化合物,各专利的公开内容以引用的方式全文并入本文)以及在以下专利或专利申请中所公开的促红细胞生成素分子或其变体或类似物,各专利以引用的方式全文并入本文:美国专利4,703,008;5,441,868;5,547,933;5,618,698;5,621,080;5,756,349;5,767,078;5,773,569;5,955,422;5,830,851;5,856,298;5,986,047;6,030,086;6,310,078;6,391,633;6,583,272;6,586,398;6,900,292;6,750,369;7,030,226;7,084,245;和7,217,689;美国公开2002/0155998;2003/0077753;2003/0082749;2003/0143202;2004/0009902;2004/0071694;2004/0091961;2004/0143857;2004/0157293;2004/0175379;2004/0175824;2004/0229318;2004/0248815;2004/0266690;2005/0019914;2005/0026834;2005/0096461;2005/0107297;2005/0107591;2005/0124045;2005/0124564;2005/0137329;2005/0142642;2005/0143292;2005/0153879;2005/0158822;2005/0158832;2005/0170457;2005/0181359;2005/0181482;2005/0192211;2005/0202538;2005/0227289;2005/0244409;2006/0088906;和2006/0111279;和PCT公开WO91/05867;WO95/05465;WO99/66054;WO00/24893;WO01/81405;WO00/61637;WO01/36489;WO02/014356;WO02/19963;WO02/20034;WO02/49673;WO02/085940;WO03/029291;WO2003/055526;WO2003/084477;WO2003/094858;WO2004/002417;WO2004/002424;WO2004/009627;WO2004/024761;WO2004/033651;WO2004/035603;WO2004/043382;WO2004/101600;WO2004/101606;WO2004/101611;WO2004/106373;WO2004/018667;WO2005/001025;WO2005/001136;WO2005/021579;WO2005/025606;WO2005/032460;WO2005/051327;WO2005/063808;WO2005/063809;WO2005/070451;WO2005/081687;WO2005/084711;WO2005/103076;WO2005/100403;WO2005/092369;WO2006/50959;WO2006/02646;和WO2006/29094。
与所述装置一起使用的其它药品的实施例可包括(但不限于)抗体,如(帕尼单抗(panitumumab))、XgevaTM(德尼单抗(denosumab))和ProliaTM(蒂诺单抗(denosamab));其它生物制剂,如(依那西普(etanercept),TNF-受体/Fc融合蛋白,TNF阻断剂)、(peg非格司亭,聚乙二醇化非格司亭,聚乙二醇化G-CSF,聚乙二醇化hu-Met-G-CSF)、(非格司亭,G-CSF,hu-MetG-CSF)和(罗米司亭(romiplostim));小分子药物,如(拟钙剂(cinacalcet))。所述装置还可与治疗性抗体、多肽、蛋白或其它化学物,如铁(例如,纳米氧化铁、右旋糖酐铁、葡糖酸铁和铁蔗糖)一起使用。所述药品可呈液体形式或从冻干形式复原。
特别有说明性的蛋白质是以下所阐明的特异性蛋白,包括其融合、片段、类似物、变体或衍生物:
OPGL特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等(也称作RANKL特异性抗体、肽体等),其包括全人源化和人类OPGL特异性抗体,尤其是全人源化单克隆抗体,包括(但不限于)PCT公开WO03/002713中所述的抗体,将所述专利关于OPGL特异性抗体和抗体相关蛋白的全文并入本文,尤其是具有在文献中所阐明的序列的抗体和抗体相关蛋白(尤其(但不限于)在文献中所指示的抗体:9H7;18B2;2D8;2E11;16E1;和22B3),包括具有如图2中所阐明的SEQIDNO:2的轻链和/或如图4中所阐明的SEQIDNO:4的重链的OPGL特异性抗体,各抗体个别和特定地以引用的方式完全如前述公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
肌抑素(Myostatin)结合蛋白、肽体和相关蛋白等,包括肌抑素特异性肽体,尤其是美国公开2004/0181033和PCT公开WO2004/058988中所述的肌抑素特异性肽体,所述专利以引用的方式全文,尤其是与肌抑素特异性肽体相关的部分并入本文,包括(但不限于)mTN8-19家族的肽体,包括具有SEQIDNOS:305-351的肽体,包括TN8-19-1至TN8-19-40、TN8-19con1和TN8-19con2;具有SEQIDNOS:357-383的mL2家族的肽体;具有SEQIDNOS:384-409的mL15家族;具有SEQIDNOS:410-438的mL17家族;具有SEQIDNOS:439-446的mL20家族;具有SEQIDNOS:447-452的mL21家族;具有SEQIDNOS:453-454的mL24家族;和具有SEQIDNOS:615-631的肽体,各肽体个别和特定地以引用的方式完全如前述公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
IL-4受体特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,尤其是抑制通过IL-4和/或IL-13与所述受体结合介导的活性的特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白,包括PCT公开WO2005/047331或PCT申请案PCT/US2004/03742和美国公开2005/112694中所述的特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白,所述专利以引用的方式将全文,尤其是与IL-4受体特异性抗体相关的部分并入本文,尤其是如文献所述的这些抗体,特定来说且不限于,在文献所指定的抗体:L1H1;L1H2;L1H3;L1H4;L1H5;L1H6;L1H7;L1H8;L1H9;L1H10;L1H11;L2H1;L2H2;L2H3;L2H4;L2H5;L2H6;L2H7;L2H8;L2H9;L2H10;L2H11;L2H12;L2H13;L2H14;L3H1;L4H1;L5H1;L6H1,各抗体个别和特定地以引用的方式完全如前述公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
白介素1-受体1(“IL1-R1”)特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,包括(但不限于)美国公开2004/097712A1中所述的特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白,所述专利以引用的方式,将全文,尤其是与IL1-R1特异性结合蛋白、单克隆抗体相关的部分并入本文,特定来说,尤其但不限于文献所指定的特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白:15CA、26F5、27F2、24E12和10H7,各抗体个别和特定地以引用的方式完全如前述美国公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
Ang2特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,包括(但不限于)PCT公开WO03/057134和美国公开2003/0229023中所述的Ang2特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白,各专利以引用的方式,将全文,特别是与Ang2特异性抗体和肽体等相关的部分并入本文,尤其是具有文献所述的序列的抗体且包括(但不限于):L1(N);L1(N)WT;L1(N)1KWT;2xL1(N);2xL1(N)WT;Con4(N),Con4(N)1KWT,2xCon4(N)1K;L1C;L1C1K;2xL1C;Con4C;Con4C1K;2xCon4C1K;Con4-L1(N);Con4-L1C;TN-12-9(N);C17(N);TN8-8(N);TN8-14(N);Con1(N),还包括抗-Ang2抗体和制剂,如PCT公开WO2003/030833中所述的抗体和制剂,所述专利以引用的方式同样地全文并入本文,尤其是Ab526;Ab528;Ab531;Ab533;Ab535;Ab536;Ab537;Ab540;Ab543;Ab544;Ab545;Ab546;A551;Ab553;Ab555;Ab558;Ab559;Ab565;AbF1AbFD;AbFE;AbFJ;AbFK;AbG1D4;AbGC1E8;AbH1C12;AblA1;AblF;AblK,AblP;和AblP,如文献所述的其各种排列,各抗体个别且特定地以引用的方式完全如前述公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
NGF特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,包括尤其(但不限于)美国公开2005/0074821和美国专利6,919,426中所述的NGF特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白,所述专利以引用的方式,将全文,特别是就这方面关于NGF-特异性抗体和相关蛋白的部分并入本文,尤其包括(但不限于)文献中指定为4D4、4G6、6H9、7H2、14D10和14D11的NGF-特异性抗体,各抗体个别且特定地以引用的方式完全如前述公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
CD22特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,如美国专利5,789,554中所述的CD22特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白,所述专利以引用的方式将关于CD22特异性抗体和相关蛋白的全文并入本文,尤其是人类CD22特异性抗体,如(但不限于)人源化和全人抗体,包括(但不限于)人源化和全人单克隆抗体,尤其包括(但不限于)人CD22特异性IgG抗体,例如,二硫连接到人-鼠单克隆hLL2κ-链的人-鼠单克隆hLL2γ-链的二聚体,包括(但不限于)例如依帕珠单抗(Epratuzumab)中的人CD22特异性全人源化抗体,CAS登记号501423-23-0;
IGF-1受体特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,如PCT公开WO06/069202中所述的IGF-1受体特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白,所述专利以引用的方式将关于IGF-1受体特异性抗体和相关蛋白的全文并入本文,包括(但不限于)文献中指定为如下的IGF-1特异性抗体:L1H1、L2H2、L3H3、L4H4、L5H5、L6H6、L7H7、L8H8、L9H9、L10H10、L11H11、L12H12、L13H13、L14H14、L15H15、L16H16、L17H17、L18H18、L19H19、L20H20、L21H21、L22H22、L23H23、L24H24、L25H25、L26H26、L27H27、L28H28、L29H29、L30H30、L31H31、L32H32、L33H33、L34H34、L35H35、L36H36、L37H37、L38H38、L39H39、L40H40、L41H41、L42H42、L43H43、L44H44、L45H45、L46H46、L47H47、L48H48、L49H49、L50H50、L51H51、L52H52和IGF-1R-结合片段和其衍生物,各抗体个别且特定地以引用的方式完全如前述公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
此外,用于本发明的方法和组合物中的抗-IGF-1R抗体的非限制性实施例是在以下专利中所述的各个和全部抗体:
(i)美国公开2006/0040358(2006年2月23日公开)、2005/0008642(2005年1月13日公开)、2004/0228859(2004年11月18日公开),包括(但不限于)例如如文献中所述的抗体1A(DSMZ寄存号DSMACC2586)、抗体8(DSMZ寄存号DSMACC2589)、抗体23(DSMZ寄存号DSMACC2588)和抗体18;
(ii)PCT公开WO06/138729(2006年12月28日公开)和WO05/016970(2005年2月24日公开),和Lu等人,2004,JBiol.Chen.279:2856-65,包括(但不限于)如文献中所述的抗体2F8、A12和IMC-A12;
(iii)PCT公开WO07/012614(2007年2月1日公开)、WO07/000328(2007年1月4日公开)、WO06/013472(2006年2月9日公开)、WO05/058967(2005年6月30日公开)和WO03/059951(2003年7月24日公开);
(iv)美国公开2005/0084906(2005年4月21日公开),包括(但不限于)如文献中所述的抗体7C10、嵌合抗体C7C10、抗体h7C10、抗体7H2M、嵌合抗体*7C10、抗体GM607、人源化抗体7C10版本1、人源化抗体7C10版本2、人源化抗体7C10版本3和抗体7H2HM;
(v)美国公开2005/0249728(2005年11月10日公开)、2005/0186203(2005年8月25日公开)、2004/0265307(2004年12月30日公开)和2003/0235582(2003年12月25日公开)和Maloney等人,2003,CancerRes.63:5073-83,包括(但不限于)如文献中所述的抗体EM164、表面重塑EM164、人源化EM164、huEM164v1.0、huEM164v1.1、huEM164v1.2和huEM164v1.3;
(vi)美国专利7,037,498(2006年5月2日发布)、美国公开2005/0244408(2005年11月30日公开)和2004/0086503(2004年5月6日公开)和Cohen,等人,2005,ClinicalCancerRes.11:2063-73,例如抗体CP-751,871,包括(但不限于)如文献中所述的由具有ATCC登记号PTA-2792、PTA-2788、PTA-2790、PTA-2791、PTA-2789、PTA-2793的杂交瘤细胞株产生的各抗体和抗体2.12.1,2.13.2,2.14.3,3.1.1,4.9.2,和4.17.3;
(vii)美国公开2005/0136063(2005年6月23日公开)和2004/0018191(2004年1月29日公开),包括(但不限于)如文献中所述的抗体19D12和如文献中所述包含由质粒15H12/19D12HCA(γ4)(以号码PTA-5214寄存在ATCC)中的多核苷酸所编码的重链和由质粒15H12/19D12LCF(κ)(以号码PTA-5220寄存在ATCC)中的多核苷酸所编码的轻链的抗体;和
(viii)美国公开2004/0202655(2004年10月14日公开),包括(但不限于)如文献中所述的抗体PINT-6A1、PINT-7A2、PINT-7A4、PINT-7A5、PINT-7A6、PINT-8A1、PINT-9A2、PINT-11A1、PINT-11A2、PINT-11A3、PINT-11A4、PINT-11A5、PINT-11A7、PINT-11A12、PINT-12A1、PINT-12A2、PINT-12A3、PINT-12A4和PINT-12A5;各个和全部抗体以引用的方式全文,特别是关于上述靶向IGF-1受体的抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等的内容并入本文;
B-7相关蛋白1特异性抗体、肽体、相关蛋白等(“B7RP-1”,在文献中还被称作B7H2、ICOSL、B7h和CD275),尤其是B7RP-特异性全人单克隆IgG2抗体,尤其是结合B7RP-1的第一类免疫球蛋白域中的表位的全人IgG2单克隆抗体,尤其是抑制B7RP-1与在活化T细胞上的其天然受体ICOS的相互作用的抗体,特定来说,尤其在所有上述方面中,在美国公开2008/0166352和PCT公开WO07/011941中所公开的抗体,所述文献是以引用的方式将关于这些抗体和相关蛋白的全文并入本文,包括(但不限于)文献中如下所指定的抗体:16H(其中分别具有轻链可变和重链可变序列SEQIDNO:1和SEQIDNO:7);5D(其中分别具有轻链可变和重链可变序列SEQIDNO:2和SEQIDNO:9);2H(其中分别具有轻链可变和重链可变序列SEQIDNO:3和SEQIDNO:10);43H(其中分别具有轻链可变和重链可变序列SEQIDNO:6和SEQIDNO:14);41H(其中分别具有轻链可变和重链可变序列SEQIDNO:5和SEQIDNO:13);和15H(其中分别具有轻链可变和重链可变序列SEQIDNO:4和SEQIDNO:12),各抗体个别且特定地以引用的方式完全如前述美国公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
IL-15特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,如,特定来说,人源化单克隆抗体,尤其是诸如美国公开2003/0138421;2003/023586;和2004/0071702;和美国专利7,153,507中所公开的抗体的抗体,所述专利各自以引用的方式将关于IL-15特异性抗体和相关蛋白(包括肽体)的全文并入本文,尤其包括例如(但不限于),HuMaxIL-15抗体和相关蛋白,例如146B7;
IFNγ特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,尤其是人IFNγ特异性抗体,特别是全人抗-IFNγ抗体,例如,美国公开2005/0004353中所述的抗体,所述专利以引用的方式将关于IFNγ特异性抗体(特别是例如在文献中指定为1118;1118*;1119;1121和1121*的抗体)的全文并入本文。这些抗体每一个的重链和轻链的全部序列以及其重链和轻链可变区和互补确定区的序列各自个别和特定地以引用的方式完全如前述美国公开和Thakur等人,Mol.Immunol.36:1107-1115(1999)中所公开般全文并入本文。此外,前述美国公开中所提供的这些抗体的性质的描述也以引用的方式全文并入本文。特异性抗体包括如前述美国公开中所公开的具有SEQIDNO:17的重链和SEQIDNO:18的轻链的抗体;具有SEQIDNO:6的重链可变区和SEQIDNO:8的轻链可变区的抗体;具有SEQIDNO:19的重链和SEQIDNO:20的轻链的抗体;具有SEQIDNO:10的重链可变区和SEQIDNO:12的轻链可变区的抗体;具有SEQIDNO:32的重链和SEQIDNO:20的轻链的抗体;具有SEQIDNO:30的重链可变区和SEQIDNO:12的轻链可变区的抗体;具有SEQIDNO:21的重链序列和SEQIDNO:22的轻链序列的抗体;具有SEQIDNO:14的重链可变区和SEQIDNO:16的轻链可变区的抗体;具有SEQIDNO:21的重链和SEQIDNO:33的轻链的抗体;和具有SEQIDNO:14的重链可变区和SEQIDNO:31的轻链可变区的抗体。一种预期的特异性抗体是如上述美国公开中所公开且具有如其中所公开的SEQIDNO:17的完整重链和具有如其中所公开的SEQIDNO:18的完整轻链的抗体1119;
TALL-1特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等和其它TALL特异性结合蛋白,如美国公开2003/0195156和2006/0135431中所述的抗体,所述专利各自以引用的方式将关于TALL-1结合蛋白(特别是表4和5B中的分子)的全文并入本文,各抗体个别和特定地以引用的方式完全如前述美国公开中所公开般全文并入本文;
甲状旁腺素(“PTH”)特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,如美国专利6,756,480中所述的抗体,所述专利以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合PTH的蛋白相关的部分并入本文;
促血小板生成素受体(“TPO-R”)特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,如美国专利6,835,809中所述的抗体,所述专利以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合TPO-R的蛋白相关的部分并入本文;
肝细胞生长因子(“HGF”)特异性抗体、肽体和相关蛋白等,包括靶向HGF/SF:cMet轴(HGF/SF:c-Met)的抗体,如美国公开2005/0118643和PCT公开WO2005/017107中所述的中和肝细胞生长因子/分散子(HGF/SF)的全人单克隆抗体、美国专利7,220,410中所述的huL2G7和美国专利5,686,292和6,468,529和PCT公开WO96/38557中所述的OA-5d5,所述专利各自以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合HGF的蛋白相关的部分并入本文;
TRAIL-R2特异性抗体、肽体、相关蛋白等,如美国专利7,521,048中所述的抗体,所述专利以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合TRAIL-R2的蛋白相关的部分并入本文;
激活素A特异性抗体、肽体、相关蛋白等,包括(但不限于)美国公开2009/0234106中所述的抗体,所述专利以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合激活素A的蛋白相关的部分并入本文;
TGF-β特异性抗体、肽体、相关蛋白等,包括(但不限于)美国专利6,803,453和美国公开2007/0110747中所述的抗体,所述专利各自以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合TGF-β的蛋白相关的部分并入本文;
淀粉样-β蛋白特异性抗体、肽体、相关蛋白等,包括(但不限于)PCT公开WO2006/081171中所述的抗体,所述专利以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合淀粉体-β蛋白的蛋白相关的部分并入本文。一种预期的抗体是如国际公开中所公开的具有包含SEQIDNO:8的重链可变区和具有SEQIDNO:6的轻链可变区的抗体;
c-Kit特异性抗体、肽体、相关蛋白等,包括(但不限于)公开2007/0253951中所述的抗体,文献以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合c-Kit和/或其它干细胞因子受体的蛋白相关的部分并入本文;
OX40L特异性抗体、肽体、相关蛋白等,包括(但不限于)美国申请案11/068,289中所述的抗体,文献以引用的方式将全文,特别是与结合OX40L和/或OXO40受体的其它配体的蛋白相关的部分并入本文;和
其它示例性蛋白,包括(阿替普酶(alteplase),tPA);(达依泊汀(darbepoetin)α);(依泊汀α或促红细胞生成素);(干扰素β-1a);(托西莫单抗(tositumomab),抗-CD22单克隆抗体);(干扰素-β);(阿来组单抗(alemtuzumab),抗-CD52单克隆抗体);(依泊汀δ);(硼替佐米(bortezomib));MLN0002(抗-α4β7mAb);MLN1202(抗-CCR2趋化因子受体mAb);(依那西普(etanercept),TNF-受体/Fc融合蛋白,TNF阻断剂);(依泊汀α);(西妥昔单抗(cetuximab),抗-EGFR/HER1/c-ErbB-1);(生长激素(somatropin),人生长激素);(曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab),抗-HER2/neu(erbB2)受体mAb);(促生长激素,人生长激素);(阿达木单抗(adalimumab));呈溶液形式的胰岛素;(干扰素αcon-1);(奈西立肽(nesiritide);重组人B-型利钠肽(hBNP);(阿那白滞素(anakinra));(萨格司亭(sargamostim),rhuGM-CSF);(依帕珠单抗(epratuzumab),抗-CD22mAb);BenlystaTM(抗B细胞刺激因子抗体(lymphostatB),贝利木单抗(belimumab),抗-BlySmAb);(替奈普酶(tenecteplase),t-PA类似物);(甲氧基聚乙二醇-依泊汀β);(格图珠单抗(gemtuzumab)奥佐米星(ozogamicin));(依法珠单抗(efalizumab));(塞妥珠单抗(certolizumabpegol),CDP870);SolirisTM(伊库里单抗(eculizumab));佩谢丽单抗(pexelizumab)(抗-C5补体);(MEDI-524);(兰尼单抗(ranibizumab));(17-1A,伊决洛单抗(edrecolomab));(乐地利单抗(lerdelimumab));TheraCimhR3(尼妥珠单抗(nimotuzumab));Omnitarg(帕妥珠单抗(pertuzumab),2C4);(IDM-1);(B43.13);(维司里单抗(visilizumab));莫坎妥珠单抗(cantuzumabmertansine)(huC242-DM1);(依泊汀β);(oprelvekin,人白介素-11);(聚乙二醇化非格司亭,聚乙二醇化G-CSF,聚乙二醇化hu-Met-G-CSF);(非格司亭,G-CSF,hu-MetG-CSF);Orthoclone(莫罗单抗-CD3(muromonab-CD3),抗-CD3单克隆抗体);(依泊汀α);(英利昔单抗(infliximab),抗-TNFα单克隆抗体);(阿昔单抗(abciximab),抗-GPlIb/Ilia受体单克隆抗体);(抗-IL6受体mAb);(贝伐单抗(bevacizumab))、HuMax-CD4(扎诺力单抗(zanolimumab));(利妥昔单抗(rituximab)、抗-CD20mAb);(埃罗替尼(erlotinib));-(干扰素α-2a);(巴利昔单抗(basiliximab));(罗美昔布(lumiracoxib));(帕利珠单抗(palivizumab));146B7-CHO(抗-IL15抗体,参见美国专利7,153,507);(那他珠单抗(natalizumab),抗-α4整合素mAb);(MDX-1303,抗-炭疽杆菌(B.anthracis)保护性抗原mAb);ABthraxTM(帕尼单抗(panitumumab));(奥马珠单抗(omalizumab));ETI211(抗-MRSAmAb);IL-1阱(人IgG1的Fc部分和两种IL-1受体组分(I型受体和受体辅助蛋白)的细胞外结构域);VEGF阱(融合IgG1Fc的VEGFR1的Ig结构域);(达利珠单抗(daclizumab));(达利珠单抗,抗-IL-2RαmAb);(替伊莫单抗(ibritumomabtiuxetan));(依泽替米贝(ezetimibe));(阿塞西普(atacicept),TACI-Ig);抗-CD80单克隆抗体(加里昔单抗(galiximab));抗-CD23mAb(鲁昔单抗(lumiliximab));BR2-Fc(huBR3/huFc融合蛋白,可溶性BAFF拮抗剂);CNTO148(格里木单抗(golimumab),抗-TNFαmAb);HGS-ETR1(马帕木麦帕单抗(mapatumumab);人抗-TRAIL受体-1mAb);HuMax-CD20(奥瑞单抗(ocrelizumab),抗-CD20人mAb);HuMax-EGFR(扎鲁木单抗(zalutumumab));M200(伐昔单抗(volociximab),抗-α5β1整合素mAb);MDX-010(伊匹单抗(ipilimumab),抗-CTLA-4mAb和VEGFR-1(IMC-18F1);抗-BR3mAb;抗-艰难梭菌(C.difficile)毒素A和毒素BCmAbsMDX-066(CDA-1)和MDX-1388);抗-CD22dsFv-PE38共轭物(CAT-3888和CAT-8015);抗-CD25mAb(HuMax-TAC);抗-CD3mAb(NI-0401);阿德木单抗(adecatumumab);抗-CD30mAb(MDX-060);MDX-1333(抗-IFNAR);抗-CD38mAb(HuMaxCD38);抗-CD40LmAb;抗-CriptomAb;抗-CTGF特发性肺纤维化I期纤维蛋白原(FG-3019);抗-CTLA4mAb;抗-嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子1mAb(CAT-213);抗-FGF8mAb;抗-神经节苷脂GD2mAb;抗-神经节苷脂GM2mAb;抗-GDF-8人mAb(MYO-029);抗-GM-CSF受体mAb(CAM-3001);抗-HepCmAb(HuMaxHepC);抗-IFNαmAb(MEDI-545,MDX-1103);抗-IGF1RmAb;抗-IGF-1RmAb(HuMax-Inflam);抗-IL12mAb(ABT-874);抗-IL12/IL23mAb(CNTO1275);抗-IL13mAb(CAT-354);抗-IL2RamAb(HuMax-TAC);抗-IL5受体mAb;抗-整合素受体mAb(MDX-018,CNTO95);抗-IP10溃疡性结肠炎mAb(MDX-1100);抗-LLY抗体;BMS-66513;抗-甘露糖受体/hCGβmAb(MDX-1307);抗-间皮素dsFv-PE38共轭物(CAT-5001);抗-PD1mAb(MDX-1106(ONO-4538));抗-PDGFRα抗体(IMC-3G3);抗-TGFβmAb(GC-1008);抗-TRAIL受体-2人mAb(HGS-ETR2);抗-TWEAKmAb;抗-VEGFR/Flt-1mAb;抗-ZP3mAb(HuMax-ZP3);NVS抗体#1和NVS抗体#2。
根据本发明,一种操作上述装置50的方法解决了必须在特定程序之后的特定时间点应用单次团注的问题。装置50粘附至患者皮肤,最可能但非唯一地,在由与所述程序相关的医务人员放置在那儿之后。装置50根据所述空间内所包含的控制器60的设置,仅一次地从通过递送装置50的外壳52所限定的内部(可能密封)空间自动注射针头54的尖端58到患者,以限定注射部位。此外,装置50可根据控制器60的设置,自动确定仅经过一次的预选定的时间,所述控制器60在将控制器60置于空间内之前被设置来确定预选定的时间。而且,装置50根据控制器60的设置,自动驱动药物供应62通过所述注射部位以单次团注方式递送一定体积的药物给患者。根据其中控制器60是由微处理器等定义的这些实施方案,控制器60的设置可以相当于对所述控制器编程。
因此使用这样的装置50,患者将不需要为仅接受单次注射的回访而返回医务人员处。这对患者有好处,因为患者无需返回医务人员处,且因此可继续进行康复过程而无需另外立即回访。这对医务人员也有好处,因为他们可以远程控制在确定时间下进行注射,允许将否则计划用于回访的医疗资源节省下来用于其它患者的健康护理。
概括地描述装置50及其用途后,现将更详细地描述装置50的结构和操作。图1说明可弃式外壳52。可弃式外壳52可以由塑料制成。如图2中可见,外壳52可由两部分限定,分别是靠着穿戴者的皮肤应用的平板70,和附接到平板70的圆顶72,优选通过在平板70的外围边缘74和圆顶72的外围边缘76之间的界面处密封。
如图2中所示,外壳52具有限定内部空间82的内部表面80和外部表面84。特定来说,平板70具有内部表面90和外部表面92,和圆顶72具有内部表面94和外部表面96。根据所说明的实施方案,外壳52的内部表面80是由平板70和圆顶72的内部表面90、94限定,而外壳52的外部表面84是由平板70和圆顶72的外部表面92、96限定。
如上所述,外壳52可附接到穿戴者的皮肤。特定来说,可使用粘合剂。所述粘合剂可经调适以在单次应用期间将所述外壳可剥离地固定到皮肤。如图2中所示,粘合剂是位于外壳52的外部表面84的一部分102上,且特定来说在平板70的外部表面92上的层100中。利用可移除、可弃式纸104覆盖所述粘合剂,然后将外壳52应用到穿戴者的皮肤。
如图4中所示,外壳52可以具有形成贯通的视察窗110,其允许医务人员或患者观察药物供应62。图4中所说明的视察窗110是在外壳52的圆顶72中形成,但是其也可以换成在平板70中或圆顶72和平板70中形成,这取决于在圆顶72和平板70之间的分型线112(参见图1)的位置。视察窗110可允许因为以下原因中的任一个或多个而进行视查:确定在激活装置50之前装置50已充满/适当填充;检查药物以确保质量;和确认药物正在或已经递送给患者。
如上所述,装置50可包括具有尖端58的针头54。针头54具有缩回态,其中针头54的尖端58撤回在由外壳52所限定的空间82内部;事实上,根据某些实施方案(如本文所说明的实施方案),在缩回态中整个针头54收回在空间82的内部。针头54还具有伸展态(图2中所说明),其中针头54的尖端58从空间82伸出外壳52的外部表面84进入患者的注射部位。针头54可与导管120结合使用,针头54被用来在投药期间通过注射部位将导管120插入患者中,和通过导管120将药物传送至患者。稍有不同地表示,根据某些实施方案,装置50可自动将软套管插入皮下组织。但是,单单使用针头54的好处包括降低对于从药物供应62到患者的流动路径中的障碍物的敏感性,更精确的注射深度和位置,和避免医务人员或患者对于导管可能具有的任何负面观念。
如图2和5至8中所说明,外壳52(具体来说是平板70)可具有在其中所形成的孔或开口130以允许针头54(和导管120)从中穿过。根据某些实施方案(例如,图2),孔130可为畅通的,使得针头54(和导管120)通过开口130的移动没有阻滞或障碍。但是,为了更好地保持针头54的无菌性和装置的容器封闭完整性(CCI),可将隔膜132(图5中所示)或遮蔽物134(图7中所示)置于孔130中或上方,或置于由外壳52所限定的空间82内,以如图5至8般盖在开口130上。
图5和6说明一种变型,其中包括隔膜132,该隔膜可以由橡胶制成。将隔膜132置于针头54(和空间82)与患者皮肤之间,此时针头54处于缩回态(图5)。在伸展态(图6)中,至少一部分针头54(即,尖端58)将通过隔膜132从空间82伸出。因此,隔膜132总是作为在内部空间82和外部环境之间的障壁。
图7和8说明一种变型,其中包括遮蔽物134,该遮蔽物可以由刚性材料或柔性材料制成。将遮蔽物134类似于隔膜132般置于针头54(和空间82)与患者皮肤之间,此时针头54处于缩回态(图7)。但是,在伸展态(图8)中,遮蔽物134必须在针头54(和导管120)插入患者之前从针头54的路径中移开。例如,可将弹簧136附接到遮蔽物134以将遮蔽物134压逼至其缩回态。控制器60可打开与遮蔽物134配合的弹簧锁138,以保持遮蔽物134处于其未缩回态,之后遮蔽物134根据由弹簧136施加的压逼力移动到缩回态。其它机理也可用。
所述装置包括注射器56(图3)。注射器56与针头54连接以在缩回态和伸展态之间移动针头54。示例性注射器的实施例可参见美国专利7,144,384和7,128,727,这些专利出于所有目的以引用的方式并入本文。
如图2所示,还将药物供应62置于空间82内且与针头54流体连通;优选地,药物供应62与针头54选择性或可控制地液体连通。药物供应62包含一定体积的药物。根据某些实施方案,所述药物可为粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)或聚乙二醇化G-CSF或任何其它所需药物。例如,所述药物可以是红细胞生成刺激剂、TNF阻断剂、白介素受体特异性抗体、IGF-受体特异性抗体或TGF-特异性抗体。
根据所述实施方案,药物供应62可包括泵150和储液器152(图2和3)。根据本发明的实施方案,储液器152和泵150可以部分由刚性壁针筒154和适合沿针筒154的纵轴158移动的活塞156(图2)的组合限定。根据一种变型,活塞156的移动可以由与电机连接的齿轮传动链的操作引起。用于沿针筒移动活塞的其它类似机理可以参见美国专利7,144,384;7,128,727、6,656,159和6,656,158,这些专利出于所有目的以引用的方式并入本文。
根据其它变型,非刚性可收缩袋可代替图2中所示的刚性壁针筒154和活塞156。应了解,当储液器152是呈非刚性可收缩袋的形式时,可使用基于弹簧的机械系统以压缩或加压储液器。根据另外的其它变型,可使用非机械系统来移动活塞156或压缩袋子。例如,可使用产气系统,包括双组件系统,其中所述组件保持分开直到要产生气体时,在那样的情况下将它们合并。作为另一替代选择,可使用可膨胀凝胶,其中从内部来源引入水到装置,造成凝胶尺寸增加,以移动活塞或压缩袋子。这些可选择的机理的实施例可参见美国专利5,957,895;5,858,001;和5,814,020,这些专利出于所有目的以引用的方式并入本文。
而且,递送装置50可包括与储液器152流体连通的装料口160,装料口160具有位于外壳52的外部表面84上的入口162(图2)。入口162可经调适以接收注射器(例如,图1中所说明的注射器163)的鲁尔(luer)尖端,但可使用例如可刺穿式橡胶隔膜代替。装料口160还可包括位于入口162中的盖子,以关闭装料口160。装料口160的出口164与储液器152连接。可以将一个或多个过滤器置于入口162和出口164之间,以防止空气或微粒物质随药物进入储液器152。在使用时,医务人员可将药物从注射器163通过装料口160注入储液器152,和注射器163可作为预填充注射器(用任一种上述物质充满)与递送装置50以套组形式提供给医务人员。
此外,药物供应62可包括位于储液器152和针头54之间的管夹阀168或其它类型的阀(图2和3)。阀168允许更好地控制递送药物的时机。可以将其它装置(如流动调节器)置于储液器152和患者之间的流动路径中,以控制药物在其间的流动。
控制器60与注射器56和药物供应62连接。控制器60被设置以控制注射器56和药物供应62进行特定活动。控制器60是位于可弃式外壳52内限定的内部空间82内且在置于空间82内之前经设置。因此,一旦将控制器60置于空间82内和关闭外壳52(且可能是密封),控制器60不可重新设置。
根据一个实施方案,控制器60可包括可编程微处理器180(图2和3)和连接至微处理器180的电源(未显示)。电源可包括一节或多节电池。或者,控制器60可为机械装置、机械装置的组合、电装置(硬连线电路或电路组件)的组合、或机械和电装置的组合。
例如,如上所述,控制器60必须确定已经过的预选定时间。控制器可以经编程以通过访问微处理器180内的计时器电路或计时器功能来执行这个行为。或者,在机械控制器中,计时器可代替地指发条机构、弹簧驱动型计时器或阻尼计时器。采用使用机械计时器的机械控制器的一个好处是不需要电池,使得就处置目的来说装置更加环保。
可使用多种不同机构或输入装置来引起控制器60的操作,使得其执行其编程或根据其设置运行。根据驱动机构的一个实施方案,单按钮184(图2和3)可与控制器60连接。可安排按钮184停靠在外壳52的外部表面84上,且控制器60可响应以驱动按钮184(例如,按下按钮184),以启动控制器程序。或者,输入装置可嵌入外壳52内,如此一来,工具或仪器(如插销或钥匙)必须放置进入或通过外壳52的外部表面84中的开口或小孔,以此来驱动输入装置。
控制器60经编程以仅驱动注射器56使针头54从缩回态移动到伸展态一次。控制器60也经编程以确定仅一次经过的预选定时间。而且,控制器60是经过编程以驱动药物供应以单次团注方式递送一定体积的药物给患者。
特定来说,控制器60可经编程以确定在驱动装置50(例如,通过按下按钮184)之后已经过24小时的时间。或者,控制器60可经过编程以确定在驱动装置50之后已经过27小时的时间。而且,控制器60可经编程以确定在驱动装置50之后已经过24至27小时的时间,例如,24、25、26或27小时或甚至其中含小数的值(如24.5小时)。此外,控制器60可经编程以确定在驱动装置50之后已经过22至29小时的时间,例如,22、23、24、25、26、27、28或29小时甚至其中含小数的值(如22.5小时)。作为另一选择,控制器可经过编程以确定在驱动装置50之后已经过位于在上述范围以外的一段预选定时间。此外,应了解,就控制器60经过编程以确定例如经过的24-小时时间或至少24-小时时间的范围来说,这将包括在约24小时范围内(例如,±10分钟)的时间。
根据某些实施方案,递送装置50可与药物或其它物质(例如,蛋白质)在编程控制器60以进行跟踪的期间内稳定地结合使用。例如,递送装置50可与药物稳定结合使用至少27小时。或者,递送装置50可与药物稳定结合使用达至少24至27小时。此外,应了解,就递送装置50可与药物稳定结合使用达至少24至27小时的程度来说,可包括甚至更宽的稳定性范围,如21至30小时。
而且,控制器60可经编程以驱动药物供应62在少于30分钟内以单次团注方式递送一定体积的药物给患者。例如,控制器60可经编程以驱动药物供应在少于10分钟内以单次团注方式递送一定体积的药物给患者。事实上,控制器60可经过编程以驱动药物供应在少于6秒内以单次团注方式递送一定体积的药物给患者。在其中药物供应62包含阀168的实施方案(图2和3)中,控制器60可经编程,以在驱动药物供应62的剩余部分来递送所述体积的药物之前打开阀168。而且,应了解,例如,就控制器60在10分钟内递送所述体积的药物的情况来说,将包括在约10分钟范围内(例如,±3分钟)的时间。在任何情况下,以单次团注方式递送所述体积的药物应理解为与单次注射所述体积的药物相同或相似。
控制器60也可以经编程以引起其它行为的发生。例如,控制器60可经编程以仅驱动注射器56使针头54从伸展态移动到缩回态一次。
此外,控制器60可与一个或多个指示器190、192(图2和3)连接。这些指示器190,192(可见、可听或甚至可触)可用来对医务人员或患者发出控制器60正根据一个或另一状态操作的信号。例如,控制器60可控制指示器190(其可以是例如发光二极管(LED))对患者发出装置50已启动、针头54将要被插入或药物递送已开始或已完成的信号。其它可能的电指示器包括蜂音器和其它发声器。
应认识到,也可利用电机械或机械指示器。例如,可使用开关或标记,所述开关或标记最初可以缩回态置于外壳内和以伸展态从外壳伸出。开关或标记可以从与患者相反的外壳部分伸出以改善其可见性,或可从面向或靠近患者的外壳部分伸出以提供触觉信号以及代替视觉信号。也可使用机械装置,如随着齿轮或桨轮移动越过固定棘爪会产生可听见“咔嗒”声的棘轮式设计。
根据本发明的药物递送装置50的又一实施方案,装置50可包括用于清洁和消毒注射部位(即,其中针头54和导管120插入患者的位置;参见图2)的机构。例如,类似于上述遮蔽物134,可将弹簧压逼的异丙醇药签保持在外壳52中,控制器60在插入针头54和导管120之前驱动药签移动穿过开口130。或者,可将消毒剂(如异丙醇)的加压供应置于外壳52内靠近开口130,且控制器60可在插入针头54之前启动消毒剂供应以喷射或以其它方式施用适当量的消毒剂。
然后转到装置50的使用和操作,医务人员可获得未填充的根据上述公开内容的装置。在未填充状态时,储液器152(图2)可为空,但是控制器60已被设置来进行注入针头54、确定已经过的预选定时间和驱动药物供应62以递送一定体积的药物给患者的步骤。然后,医务人员可获得注射器(例如,注射器163),该注射器已经用至少装置将要递送给患者的体积的药物填充。事实上,注射器可用超过计划递送给患者的体积的药物填充,且可经预填充或可由医务人员通过从容器(例如小瓶、药筒或袋子)抽取所需量来填充。然后,注射器可与装料口160连接,并将所述体积的药物注入储液器152。
然后,医务人员可从粘合剂层100(图2)移除可弃式纸104,且在所需注射部位上靠着患者皮肤放置带有粘合剂层100的外部表面84的部分102。装置50粘附到患者皮肤,优选采取如下方式,使得装置50不能自由地从皮肤脱离直到已经将所述体积的药物递送给患者。然后,医务人员可通过例如按下按钮184来启动控制器60。
如上所述,装置50根据空间82(图5至8)内所包含的控制器60的设置,从由递送装置50的外壳52中限定的空间82仅一次地自动注射针头54的尖端58到患者。根据某些实施方案,针头54可在启动控制器60时插入患者。以这种方式操作装置50的一个好处是可更确保注射部位的无菌性,假设皮肤是在即将应用装置50前才用消毒剂(例如,异丙醇)清洁。根据其它实施方案,针头54是在已经过一段预选定时间之后才插入患者。在任何情况下,控制器60可启动一个或多个指示器190、192(图2),以提供装置50已被启动的视觉、听觉或触觉信号,且如果针头54没有在这时插入患者中,可在随后插入针头54之前立即提供另一种视觉、听觉或触觉信号。
然后,装置50自动确定已经过一段预选定时间。装置50根据控制器60的设置只实施这个行为一次,控制器60是在控制器60置于空间82中之前经设置以确定所述预选定时间。所述时间长度可根据特定应用情况而变,但在这方面装置50的设置可不根据医务人员或患者而改变。在针头54已经插入到患者时,药物的递送可伴随提供药物递送即将进行的视觉或听觉指示给患者。
然后,装置50根据根据空间82(图5至8)内所包含的控制器60的设置,自动驱动药物供应62经由针头54以单次团注方式递送一定体积的药物给患者。取决于所使用的药物供应62的结构,控制器60可打开阀168并启动泵150以有效加压储液器152和投与药物给患者。药物的递送可伴随提供药物递送正在进行的另一种视觉或听觉指示。根据某些实施方案,所述视觉或听觉指示可维持着直到完成药物递送;根据其它实施方案,所述指示可在递送过程的开始和结束时离散地出现。
当完成药物递送(这可由控制器60参考空气检测器或传感器而确定)时,控制器可关闭阀168(图2和3)以终止递送过程。控制器60还可引起注射器56使针头54从伸展态移动到缩回态。在关闭阀168和缩回针头54之后,控制器60可控制指示器190、192,以提供过程已完成和针头54已收回的视觉或听觉信号。然后,患者可从皮肤移除装置,并将装置50丢弃在适当的医疗废物容器中。
除了这种基本过程外,装置50可包括其它子操作。例如,根据某些实施方案,装置50可根据内部空间内所包含的控制器60的设置,仅一次地使针头54的尖端自动缩回到空间82中(图5和7)。此外,如上所述,装置50可自动确定一段已经过的预选定时间,包括自动确定已经过24小时。
将认识到,根据本发明的装置可具有相对于常规技术的一个或多个优点,任一个或多个优点将根据实施方案中所包括的公开内容的特征存在于特定实施方案中。也将认识到本文中没有具体列出的其它优点。

Claims (21)

1.一种药物递送装置,其包括:
可弃式外壳,其具有限定内部空间的内部表面和外部表面;
针头,其具有其中所述针头被收回在所述内部空间内的缩回态以及其中所述针头的尖端突出超过所述外壳的所述外部表面的伸展态;
注射器,其连接到所述针头以在所述缩回态和伸展态之间移动所述针头;
储液器,其置于所述内部空间内,所述储液器被设置来接收一定体积的药物并与所述针头流体连通;和
控制器,其与所述注射器和所述储液器连接,所述控制器被设置来仅驱动所述注射器使所述针头从所述缩回态移动到所述伸展态一次,以及驱动所述储液器在启动所述药物递送装置之后已经过一段预选定的时间后以单次团注方式递送所述体积的药物给患者,所述控制器置于所述内部空间内且在置于所述内部空间内之前经过设置,其中所述递送装置为可佩戴式、可弃式和单次使用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的递送装置,其还包括置于所述储液器中的一定体积的红细胞生成刺激剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的递送装置,其还包括置于所述储液器中的一定体积的粒细胞集落刺激因子。
4.根据权利要求1所述的递送装置,其还包括置于所述储液器中的一定体积的TNF阻断剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的递送装置,其还包括置于所述储液器中的一定体积的聚乙二醇化粒细胞集落刺激因子。
6.根据权利要求1所述的递送装置,其还包括置于所述储液器中的一定体积的白介素受体特异性抗体。
7.根据权利要求1所述的递送装置,其还包括置于所述储液器中的一定体积的IGF受体特异性抗体。
8.根据权利要求1所述的递送装置,其还包括置于所述储液器中的一定体积的TGF特异性抗体。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的递送装置,其中所述控制器确定已经过所述预选定的时间。
10.根据权利要求中1-8任一项所述的递送装置,其包括与所述控制器连接的输入装置,所述控制器响应所述输入装置的驱动而开始所述控制器的操作。
11.根据权利要求10所述的递送装置,其中所述控制器确定在驱动所述输入装置之后至少已经过24小时。
12.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的递送装置,其中所述控制器被设置来驱动所述储液器在少于30分钟内以单次团注方式递送所述体积的药物给患者。
13.根据权利要求12所述的递送装置,其中所述控制器被设置来驱动所述储液器在少于6秒内以单次团注方式递送所述体积的药物给患者。
14.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的递送装置,其中所述控制器被设置来仅驱动所述注射器使所述针头从所述伸展态移动到所述缩回态一次。
15.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的递送装置,其中所述控制器包括经过编程以驱动所述注射器和驱动所述储液器的微处理器。
16.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的递送装置,其还包括泵,其中所述控制器驱动所述泵以使所述体积的药物从所述储液器移动到所述针头。
17.根据权利要求16所述的递送装置,其还包括置于所述泵和所述针头之间的管夹阀,其中所述控制器在驱动所述泵之前打开所述管夹阀。
18.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的递送装置,其中所述内部空间为密闭空间。
19.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的递送装置,其还包括被调适来在单次应用期间可剥离地将所述外壳固定到皮肤的粘合剂,所述粘合剂置于所述外部表面的一部分上且在将所述外壳应用到患者的皮肤之前由可移除、可弃式片材覆盖。
20.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的递送装置,其包括与所述储液器流体连通的装料口,所述装料口具有位于所述外壳的所述外部表面上的入口。
21.一种套件,其包括与注射器组合的根据先前权利要求中任一项所述的递送装置。
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