CN102873861A - 引入装饰缝的方法和工具 - Google Patents

引入装饰缝的方法和工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102873861A
CN102873861A CN2012102446836A CN201210244683A CN102873861A CN 102873861 A CN102873861 A CN 102873861A CN 2012102446836 A CN2012102446836 A CN 2012102446836A CN 201210244683 A CN201210244683 A CN 201210244683A CN 102873861 A CN102873861 A CN 102873861A
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China
Prior art keywords
top layer
contact surface
supersonic generator
parts
ornamental stitching
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CN2012102446836A
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CN102873861B (zh
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安德烈亚斯·迈耶
马克西姆·慕西
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Faurecia Innenraum Systeme GmbH
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Faurecia Innenraum Systeme GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/133—Fin-type joints, the parts to be joined being flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/305—Decorative or coloured joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/861—Hand-held tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/62—Stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/345—Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
    • B29C66/3452—Making complete joints by combining partial joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81417—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
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    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种在用于复合部件的热塑性顶层(4)的两个部分(2、3)之间引入装饰缝(1)的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：形成接触表面(5)，所述顶层(4)的第一部分(2)的可见侧(2a)以及所述顶层(4)的第二部分(3)的可见侧(3a)沿所述接触表面(5)相互接触；至少局部地加热所述接触表面(5)；通过采用具有齿形突起(7)的按压工具沿所述接触表面(5)至少局部地压合所述两个部分(2、3)，至少部分地连接所述顶层(4)的所述两个部分(2、3)。本发明还涉及一种实现所述方法的工具。

Description

引入装饰缝的方法和工具
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在热塑性顶层的两个部分之间引入装饰缝的方法和工具。
背景技术
在热塑性材料层中引入观赏缝或装饰缝的方法长期以来已经公知。此类方法例如用于机动车的内部饰件的制造。观赏缝或装饰缝起到仿效用于连接独立的层的功能接缝的作用。在本案中，术语“装饰缝”特指由其将要引入的层的材料形成的接缝。装饰缝引入的效果应该是使得讨论中的物品为高质量的手工制品。
通常采用缝纫机将观赏缝引入对应层中。然而，此类方法为劳动密集型和成本密集型的方法。
发明内容
因此，本发明的根本目的是提供一种能够简单并且廉价地将装饰缝引入热塑性顶层的方法，其中以此方法制造的装饰缝能尽量仿效功能接缝，并且应能创造出高质量的大量地制造产品的效果。
该目的通过根据独立权利要求所述的引入装饰缝的方法和工具而实现。从属权利要求描述了本发明的有益的实施方式。
因此，提供一种在用于复合部件的热塑性顶层的两个部分之间引入装饰缝的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
-形成接触表面，所述顶层的第一部分的可见侧以及所述顶层的第二部分的可见侧沿所述接触表面相互接触；
-至少局部地加热所述接触表面；
-通过采用具有齿形突起的按压工具沿所述接触表面至少局部地压合所述两个部分，至少部分地连接所述顶层的所述两个部分。
由于所述部分的可见侧沿接触表面相互接触，因此接触表面至少局部地受热，并且所述部分通过具有齿形突起的按压工具沿接触表面至少局部地压合；在所述两个部分之间形成连接，所述连接由所述部分的热塑性材料形成，并且仿效将所述两个部分保持在一起的功能接缝。沿接触表面形成所述连接的所述部分在被加热的或至少部分融化之处被有利地压合熔化。由于装饰缝由顶层本身的热塑性材料形成，因此，引入装饰缝无需额外的材料。因此，能够特别廉价地制造装饰缝。此外，与例如由现有技术所知的采用缝纫机引入装饰缝的方法相比，本发明的通过沿接触表面将所述部分至少局部地加热和压合形成的连接的制造能够被更加简单、快速和廉价地实现。
接触表面可形成为顶层的褶皱，然后，所述褶皱在远离顶层的可见侧的顶层的后侧处突起。然后，接触表面由褶皱的内部区域提供，在所述内部区域中，形成褶皱并设置在褶皱两侧的两个部分相互接触。褶皱通常以近似直角从顶层的后侧突起数厘米，但至少数毫米。加热优选使得所述部分受热时在加热处至少部分地熔化，从而在所述部分之间形成连接。可采用焊接单元或采用超声波焊枪进行加热。
在后侧引入装饰缝之后，顶层可采用发泡塑料进行背部发泡。因此，可将泡沫层引入顶层的后侧，其通常由位于泡沫层远离顶层的一侧的载体附加地封闭。从而，所述部分的接触表面或形成所述部分的接触表面的区域可方便地伸入泡沫层。然后，所述部分的形成接触表面的区域在所有侧均有利地被泡沫包围，且嵌入泡沫层并以此方式附加地被稳定。在此连接中，特别有利的是在根据本发明的装饰缝引入时，顶层的所述部分并未穿孔，以使泡沫不能通过背部发泡的任何穿孔移动到顶层的可见侧。
为了使引入的装饰缝对于可见侧的观察者而言轻易可见，如果将装饰缝引入在与顶层的后侧直接邻接的部分的区域将是有利的。例如，可将装饰缝引入位于顶层的后侧下方最多1cm(优选最多5mm)的所述部分之间。因此，作为一项规则，装饰缝通常至少部分地(优选完全地)在所述顶层的可见侧甚至在所述顶层的后侧下方延伸。
分界线典型地通过接合顶层的所述两个部分在可见侧形成，所述分界线分隔所述两个部分，并且在所述分割线之内，形成装饰缝的连接形成在所述两个部分之间。于是，没有形成装饰缝的连接均垂直于分界线延伸。本案中，分别垂直于分界线延伸的缝纫线因此由装饰缝仿效。从可见侧观察，在引入装饰缝之后，所述两个部分通常相邻地设置在分界线的两侧中的一侧。优选地，从可见侧观察，所述部分特别地不是一个被设置在另一个之上的。因此，所述部分可在顶层的可见侧的平面内相互邻接。分界线也可沿例如伸入机动车的乘客车厢的元件的边缘延伸。
例如可采用旋转烧结工艺制成热塑性顶层。同样可以想到采用其它成型工艺(例如注射成型工艺)制造顶层。此处所述的方法中，在顶层成型之后，装饰缝通常只嵌入顶层。例如装饰缝可以在截然不同的点被导入和可采用非常不同方向和长度被导入顶层，因此其制造工艺特别灵活。
特别地，热塑性顶层可以是机动车的乘客车厢内的内部饰件的组成部分。于是，顶层通常形成内部饰件的组成部分，所述组成部分朝向机动车的乘客车厢终止所述内部饰件。例如，顶层可为气囊袋的表面或座垫套的表面。
在本发明的另一有益实施方式中，可在所述顶层远离其可见侧的后侧进行加热和/或压合。例如在接触表面由顶层的褶皱的内部区域形成的情况中，当接触表面朝着后侧弯曲时，此实施方式特别有益。由于所述部分的可见侧被沿接触表面相互接触，因此从顶层的后侧可以非常容易地接触到接触表面。
在本发明的另一有益实施方式中，随着接触表面的加热，通过压合在顶层的所述部分之间形成以固定间隔沿直线分布的多个连接点。因此，例如功能接缝，就像借助缝纫机制作出的一样被仿造出。因此，以这种方式引入的装饰缝与功能接缝高度相似。各个连接点的间隔优选小于1cm，特别优选小于5mm。连接点沿其设置的直线优选平行于顶层或顶层的可见侧延伸。
在本发明的另一有益实施方式中，所述按压工具包括超声波焊枪的超声波发生器。在这方面，超声波发生器是这样一种元件，在其帮助下超声波被引入待连接的部分。超声波发生器典型地采用例如钢或钛的金属制造。然后，可以同样有益地采用超声波发生器局部地沿接触表面加热并部分地熔化第一、第二部分，所述熔化被沿所述接触表面局部地执行。特别地，借助于超声波发生器可在一个工作步骤中执行加热或至少部分熔化以及压合。因此，能够特别简单、快速和廉价地实现此处描述的方法。以齿形方式设置在超声波发生器前端的突起则在形成装饰缝的第一、第二部分之间建立连接。
在本发明的另一有益实施方式中，在所述接触表面的另一区域内或沿所述接触表面的另一区域，附加地粘接、缝合、焊接或卡合所述部分。在这方面，所述另一区域优选设置在所述接触表面的部件区域的一侧，所述接触表面远离所述顶层的可见侧并且所述部分在所述接触表面中或沿所述接触表面压合。通过此方式，所述两个部分的连接获得了额外的稳定性。特别地，形成装饰缝的所述部分之间的连接可通过这种方式解除，使得装饰缝具有极长的使用寿命。由于所述另一区域设置在远离可见侧的部件区域一侧，观察者不能看到在所述另一区域内进行的所述部分的附加粘接、缝合、焊接或卡合。在这种情况下，所述部分在所述另一区域内的附加连接被装饰缝覆盖。
在本发明的另一有益实施方式中，所述第一部分和所述第二部分形成所述顶层的邻接件的相邻的部分。所述顶层同样可由多个部件构成，并且所述部分属于所述顶层的不同部件。因此，通过这种方式，可将装饰缝引入单部件顶层以及多部件顶层。如果顶层由多个部件形成，则不同的部件在可见侧具有不同的质地或不同的颜色。因此，引入装饰缝的方法的应用区域得以有益地扩展。
此外，本发明实施方式还提出了一种工具，该工具包括具有超声波发生器的超声波焊枪，所述超声波发生器具有以齿形方式和固定间隔排成行的突起。采用这种工具，能特别简单、快速和廉价地实现前述方法。
当相邻突起的间隔位于0.5mm-1cm之间，优选位于1mm-5mm之间时，上述工具特别适合制造装饰缝。采用以这种方式设计的超声波发生器，能够以高度忠实于原件的方式仿造出通过缝纫机引入的功能接缝。
附图说明
本发明的实施方式如附图所示，并将通过以下描述进行更详细地说明。其中：
图1a示出了双部件顶层的两个部分之间的接触表面的形成；
图1b示出了单部件顶层的两个部分之间的接触表面的形成；
图2示出了一种超声波焊枪；
图3a-d示出了图2的超声波焊枪的超声波发生器的不同实施方式；
图4示出了图3a的超声波发生器的透视图；
图5示出了在图1a的接触表面上进行的装饰缝的引入；
图6示出了在图5的接触表面上进行的附加连接的引入；
图7示出了图6的接触表面的透视的表现；以及
图8示出了沿图1a的接触表面的装饰缝的透视图。
具体实施例
图1a-1b示出了热塑性顶层4的第一部分2和第二部分3之间的接触表面5的形成。顶层4形成复合部件的盖部。在本案中，复合部件为机动车的乘客车厢的仪表板的一部分。顶层4的可见侧4a使得顶层朝向机动车的内部空间终止。顶层4的后侧4b形成顶层4远离可见侧4a的一侧。
在图1a中，热塑性顶层4由两个部件构成。所述热塑性顶层采用聚氨酯粉以旋转烧结工艺制成，并具有2mm的厚度13。因此，顶层4的第一部分2和第二部分3各自属于顶层4的独立部件。部分2、3的可见侧2a、3a各自形成热塑性顶层4的可见侧4a的一部分。顶层4的部分2、3的后侧2b、3b相应地各自形成顶层4的后侧4b的一部分。第一部分2的端部20以及第二部分3的端部30各自弯曲为近似直角，并且可见侧2a、3a沿接触表面5相互接触。通过这种方式，部分2、3的相互接触的端部20、30在顶层4上形成褶皱14，所述褶皱以直角从顶层4的后侧4b突起，高约3cm。
图1b示出了顶层4的部分2、3之间的接触表面5的可替代的实施方式。此处以及后文中，重复出现的特征均提供以相同的附图标记。与图1a所示的顶层4的第一实施方式不同，图1b中顶层4形成于一个部件中。因此在图1b中，顶层4的第一部分2和第二部分3形成单部件顶层4的相邻部分。在图1b中，顶层4a的第一部分2和第二部分3的可见侧2a、3a也沿接触表面5相互接触。为了这个目的，从第一部分2的端部20和第二部分3的端部30形成褶皱14，与图1a一样，该褶皱以近似直角从顶层4的后侧4b突起，高度15约为3cm。与图1a相反，图1b中顶层4的第一部分2和第二部分3的端部20、30由单个工件(single piece)形成。在图1a、1b中，接触表面5在竖直方向-被褶皱14限定-以及与图中平面垂直的方向延伸。
下面将要描述在顶层4的部分2、3之间褶皱14的部件区域6内引入装饰缝1(见图8)。
图2示出了用于将装饰缝1引入顶层4的褶皱14的工具。图2所示的工具为超声波焊枪11，超声波焊枪被构造用于通过超声波发生器10，将超声波引入热塑性顶层4。本例中超声波发生器由钢制造。
图2仅仅示意性地示出了超声波发生器10。图3a-3d示出了超声波焊枪11的超声波发生器10的各种实施方式。为了示出超声波发生器10针对超声波焊枪11的相对方向，图2-3示出了具有X轴16、Y轴17和Z轴18的各个坐标系统。
从图3a-3d所示的超声波发生器10的各个实施方式可知，超声波发生器10分别在前端19具有多个齿形突起7。在这方面，齿形突起7以固定的间隔12排成行。因此，超声波发生器10在其前端19具有周期性的轮廓。在这一点上，突起7例如可为矩形(图3a)、锯齿形(图3b、3c)或圆形(图3d)。在本例中，超声波发生器10在Y方向上延伸的长度20有些小于3cm。在这方面，各个相邻突起7之间的间隔12约为5mm。此处为超声波发生器10的长度20以及超声波发生器10的相邻突起7之间的间隔12指定的值仅意图于具有示例特性。因此，可以想到超声波发生器10的长度20在Y方向上可达到10cm或20cm。在图3a-3d所示的超声波发生器10的实施方式中，超声波发生器10的前端19处的突起7的悬垂部分21均约为5mm。在这方面，悬垂部分21应表示在X方向16上测得的突起7的长度。
图4示出了图3a的超声波发生器10的前端19的透视图。从图4可知，超声波发生器10做成平坦状，并且在Z方向上延伸约3mm的高度22。不过该值也应理解为仅仅是示例性的。因此，同样可以想到超声波发生器10的高度22可达到一定的厘米数。
图5示出了如何通过超声波焊枪11将装饰缝1(见图8)引入位于顶层4的后侧4b的褶皱14中，所述顶层由部分2、3的后侧3b、3b构成。在这方面，仅参照图1a中具有两个部件的顶层4示出装饰缝1的引入。当然，可以通过直接模拟的方式转用此处的方法步骤，将装饰缝引入根据图1a设计的单部件顶层4。
超声波发生器10的前端19压靠位于顶层的后侧4b的褶皱14，以引入装饰缝1。褶皱14向后得到支撑，即在褶皱14的远离超声波发生器10的一侧由金属块23支撑，以部分接收由超声波发生器10施加到褶皱14的压力。通过采用超声波发生器10引入超声波，第一部分2和第二部分3部分地受热并沿接触表面5的部件区域6熔化，而且通过超声波发生器10同时相互驱策。部件区域6中的部分2、3以此方式彼此熔合。因此，在部件区域6内沿接触表面5在部分2、3之间形成连接。部件区域6直接设置在顶层4下方的后侧4b。
通过超声波发生器10的前述具体设计，在部分2、3之间形成以固定间隔沿直线设置的多个连接点9，特别是在部分2、3的端部20、30之间形成褶皱14(见图8)。连接点与部件区域6一致(见图6)，因而也被直接设置在顶层4的正下方。连接点9与顶层的可见侧4a的间隔例如在不同情况下小于5mm。在图5中，直线垂直于附图平面，即沿Y轴17延伸，从而只显示一个连接点9。图3a的超声波发生器10在这方面用于形成连接点9。X轴16、Y轴17和Z轴18的设置被选择如图3-4所示。因此，超声波发生器10的前端19处的齿形轮廓在图5中沿垂直于附图平面的Y轴17延伸，以致此处不能看到单个突起17。
图6示出了部分2、3，特别是其端部20、30，如何沿接触表面5的另一区域25额外地相互连接。另一区域25位于褶皱14的下部，因此也位于部件区域6的一侧，所述部件区域远离顶层4并且在所述部件区域中部分2、3已经在形成连接点9时局部相互熔合。在图6中，顶层4的部分2、3同样通过超声波焊接在另一区域25内的相互连接。然而，在这种情况下采用第二超声波发生器26，该第二超声波发生器在端部工件(end piece)27处被做成平面，并且与前述超声波发生器10不同，不具有任何锯齿形突起。不是在另一区域25内将部分2、3焊接在一起，而同样容易想到将部分2、3彼此粘接或缝合，或者例如在另一区域25内采用夹子将部分2、3夹持在一起。
图7示出了由顶层4的部分2、3形成的褶皱14的透视图。在这方面，与接触表面5的部件区域6(未示出)一致的连接点9以及褶皱14内部的接触表面5的另一区域25均用虚线绘制。连接点9之间的间隔8对应于图3a中用于生成连接点9的超声波发生器10的突起7之间的间隔12。因此，间隔8在不同情况下约为5mm。同样可以清楚地认识到，在端部20、30之间沿接触表面5提供连接附加稳定性的另一区域25被设置在远离顶层4并与连接点9一致的部件区域6的一侧。
图8最终示出了例如呈现在顶层4的可见侧4a处的观察者面前的装饰缝1。装饰缝1由连接点9形成，连接点9以固定间隔8沿双部件顶层4的两个部分2、3的分界线设置。在这方面，连接点9各自由在前述焊接过程中沿接触表面5生成的材料桥形成。因此，装饰缝1模拟了顶层4的部分2、3之间的缝连接，其中部分2、3的可见侧2a、3a在装饰缝1的两侧中的一侧连续地相互熔合并形成顶层4的平面可见侧4a。

Claims (10)

1.一种关于在用于复合部件的热塑性顶层(4)的两个部分(2、3)之间引入装饰缝(1)的方法，该方法包括：
形成接触表面(5)，所述顶层(4)的第一部分(2)的可见侧(2a)以及所述顶层(4)的第二部分(3)的可见侧(3a)沿所述接触表面(5)相互接触；
至少局部地加热所述接触表面(5)；
通过采用具有齿形突起(7)的按压工具沿所述接触表面(5)至少局部地压合所述两个部分(2、3)，至少部分地连接所述顶层(4)的所述两个部分(2、3)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述热塑性顶层(4)是机动车的乘客车厢的内部饰件的组成部分。
3.根据前面权利要求之一所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述顶层(4)的远离可见侧(4a)的后侧(4b)进行加热和/或压合。
4.根据前面权利要求之一所述的方法，其特征在于，通过压合在所述部分(2、3)之间形成以固定间隔沿直线分布的多个连接点(9)。
5.根据前面权利要求之一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按压工具包括超声波焊枪(11)的超声波发生器(10)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在一个工作步骤中采用所述超声波发生器(10)进行加热和压合。
7.根据前面权利要求之一所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接触表面(5)的区域(25)内附加地粘接、缝合、焊接或卡合所述部分(2、3)，所述区域(25)设置在使用按压工具引入的连接(9)的远离所述顶层(4)的一侧。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一部分(2)和所述第二部分(3)形成所述顶层(4)的邻接件的相邻部分(2、3)；或者所述顶层(4)由多个部件构成，并且所述部分(2、3)属于所述顶层(4)的不同部件。
9.一种工具，该工具包括具有超声波发生器(10)的超声波焊枪(11)，其中所述超声波发生器(10)具有以齿形方式和固定间隔排成行的突起(7)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的工具，其特征在于，所述超声波发生器(10)的相邻突起(7)之间的间隔位于0.5mm-1cm之间，优选位于2mm-5mm之间。
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