CN102792801B

CN102792801B - Stalk, turf are boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and are returned field method

Info

Publication number: CN102792801B
Application number: CN201210306507.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王光敏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-08-27
Filing date: 2012-08-27
Publication date: 2015-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-27
Also published as: CN102792801A

Abstract

Stalk turf is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and is returned field method, is a kind of method of efficiency utilization agro-ecology resource, belongs to agricultural resources field of comprehensive utilization.Together with the root stubble that it is characterized in that the stalk after by crop harvesting and crops and the soil layer of ining succession are collected, mix in heaps, carry out smoldering, the dirt after smoldering returns again plantation crops, field.This method is easy to implement, and this is low for flower, compares the discharge that open incineration greatly reduces carbonic acid gas, and can kill the weeds seed in turf, pest and worm's ovum, germ, virus.The dirt of smoldering also can improve soil, and potash fertilizer content is high, and crops easily absorb, and can impel crops well developed root system, robust growth, and reducing and use agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, is the effective measures of Development of Organic Agriculture low-carbon agriculture.

Description

Stalk, turf are boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and are returned field method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of stalk, turf returns field technology, belong to the comprehensive utilization of living resources.

Background technology

Stalk is the cauline leaf in crops, the discarded object after crop harvesting.Turf, be crops harvested stubble soil layer and all over the mountains and plains spontaneous weeds together with their root system soil layer.After entering the winter, weeds are exhausted at leisure, and ripe grass-seed is scattered on turf, and the insect of some agriculturals also starts hibernation, is hidden in these turfs.

China can produce the stalk of more than 700,000,000 ton of crops every year, adds the weeds that the places such as deserted mountain, beach, ridge are wild.Enormous amount, broad covered area.These renewable resourcess, at present, do not obtain Appropriate application greatly, turf falls into disuse year after year, and stalk is mostly abandoned or open incineration, not only wastes resource, also pollutes environment, discharges a large amount of greenhouse gases, carbonic acid gas.

Along with the reach of science, the progress of society, in recent years, many inventors, the exploitation of stalk have been carried out bold exploration, research.Someone advocates it directly to pulverize to return field, and someone advocates with its generating, development biogas, or makes solid fuel replacement coal etc. with it.These methods can make stalk effectively change energy into for mankind's service.But in practice, yet some drawback: 1. directly return field, fertilizer efficiency is not high, and produce effects also slow, because stalk only increases the organic matter of soil after rotting, could benefit in crops.Directly return field, not only crops can not directly absorb, but also the breeding of indirect protection worm, bacterium, grass, moreover, the root system of crops can be damaged when high temperature rots, produce " evil root ".If after stalks cutting being added rotten agent process, then mix with carbon fertile phosphate fertilizer and return field, such fertilizer efficiency has, but operates and time-consumingly increase agriculture again, and general planting is difficult to accomplish.2. use straw power generation, do biogas, make biofuel, because turning of stalk can be worth low, these usages all first will be invested, and invest large income often also not quite, stalk cutting is also seasonable in addition, can not have the source of goods throughout the year.3. large scale collection stalk, can bring pressure to road, environment, and store and increase cost, the impact in weather and season also can bring much inconvenience, and the enthusiasm of peasant's delivery is not high.

Summary of the invention

For the deficiency of above-mentioned technology, the particularly situation of 1 year more serious than 1 year Open Burning Crop Residue contaminated environment, the present invention adopts stewing soil to return field, exactly stalk, turf are collected together, mix in heaps, carry out smoldering, smoldering to a certain extent, stalk burnouts and becomes ash, and turf blackout becomes dirt, they is returned on the spot plantation crops, field.Stalk and turf mix, liberated heat and carbonic acid gas when lighting straw burning, the gland being subject to turf can not externally distribute in a large number, and turf contains the root stubble of dried-up weeds and crops, has space each other, fire extinguishing can not be pressed, become smoldering at leisure, the carbon component in flue gas is adsorbed on turf, and form high temperature and make fine earth slaking, harden, not easily dissolve.High temperature also kills worm in turf and worm's ovum, the root of weeds and seed, and microorganism, also killing pathogenic bacteria and virus.Such process boils in a covered pot over a slow fire smoked mellow soil, and together with the ashes after straw burning, become good fertilizer, potash fertilizer content is high.After returning field, agric not easily hardens, the crops well developed root system of cultivation, and grow early, growing way is good, strengthens the ability of the Resistant of resistance to drought and waterlogging.Capture Stabilizing Grain Output high yield, the effective measures of development rural area low-carbon economy, green economy.Stalk is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and is returned field, has controlled the harm that open incineration contaminated environment is brought to the mankind, and bring up again huge many organic manure, produce more how healthy and safe agricultural product, plantation people can obtain the benefit of reality, has spontaneous enthusiasm.It is the sustainable development path of an agriculture field science.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 be after rice block field ditch furrow plough dig schematic diagram.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, and attached embodiment.

Stalk, turf are boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and are returned field, are according to different regions, Various Seasonal and weather, and the kind of stalk is with how many, and the width of plantation field furrow ditch, in conjunction with the flexible a kind of method implemented of sowing: 1. thoroughly dried by the stalk after results and take good care of; 2. stewing native operation is taken advantage of when becoming a fine day dry and is carried out; 3. first field is held successfully ditch (light trench digging furrow are not ploughed, example: kind wheat in field after rice, and the wide 350-400cm of furrow is no-tillage, the dark 30cm of furrow width 25cm); 4. the stalk dried is divided equally several times, spread out completely by ditch, stalk down below, press above and revolve with machinery the turf cutting furrow surface, gland 2-3 time so repeatedly, until when field stalk is finished, furrow surface is also revolved to cut and is got turf for one time for stewing soil, also can get turf gland in other places such as ridge deserted mountains comprehensively; 5. light bottom stalk, burnt at leisure by it and step back, gained dirt is cleared out furrow ditch and evenly returns in furrow; 6. be affixed by carbon fertile phosphate fertilizer during sowing, carry out moisture supply; 7. smoldering is unsuitable oversize for interval time with sowing, prevents many through sleet sky and reduces actual effect.

Stalk boils in a covered pot over a slow fire fertile method strict differences in open incineration, although go back some smog during smoldering, this is steam mostly, and the harmful smokes such as carbonic acid gas have been adsorbed on the transfer of turf soil layer and have become fertilizer.Chemical fertilizer capable of reducing using after returning field.General one mu of field can be boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire 40-60 processed and be carried on a shoulder pole dirt.Planting Crops can obviously increase production.

Embodiment

Within 2012, boil in a covered pot over a slow fire soil at southern Jiangsu enforcement stalk and make base manure plantation watermelon situation.Place: in Yong Yang town, Nanjing Lishui County in the tight rough bamboo mat in mountain village.

Field area 2.2 mu after rice.Straw 2500 jin after japonica rice harvesting in 2011, after drying, point 6 buttress pile up and work as Tanaka.Hold successfully before entering the winter and enclose ditch, plough and ploughed furrow ditch, the dark 30cm of furrow width 60cm (suitable for reading), wide 250-300cm is no-tillage for furrow.On March 28th, 2012 boils in a covered pot over a slow fire native operation, at twice straw and ditch two sides is frozen hack and covers in ditch after smoldering, and with composite fertilizer 160 jin, pig manure 40 is carried on a shoulder pole and is all sprinkling upon on stewing soil, closes and plough into the wide about 100cm of little furrow centered by ditch.Transplant the strain of grafting melon seedling meter 670 on April 6, cover mulch film (not having lid plastics hut), water in filling.(watermelon is long shoot crop, and strain is relatively few, and melon seedling can directly be planted on the little furrow of stewing soil, and stewing soil need not scatter).Imposed the wide little furrow of carbon ammonium 140 jin of superphosphate 120 jin conjunction afterwards and be about 150cm, large furrow are still no-tillage, implemented.This method saving of labor, can Shaoshi chemical fertilizer 2 one-tenth, and the yield of watermelon is high.Quality is good.

Mid-June, watermelon was ripe, received watermelon 17500 jin full season altogether, nearly 8000 jin of per mu yield.Stewing soil plantation (with leave one section of stewing soil many to fertilize 2 one-tenth compare), survival rate is high, and grow early, watermelon growing way is strengthened, maturation is gone on the market early soon, disease-resistant rate is strong, and pouring water in the full field of drought resisting in mid-term also can not be sick, and later stage decline late, phase of picking is long, every mu can increase production 4 one-tenth more than, actual synergy of full season 3500 yuan, every mu of synergy 1600 yuan.

Claims

1. stalk turf is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and is returned field method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) stalk after results is thoroughly dried and takes good care of;

(2) stewing soil is implemented to carry out on the spot, first holds field successfully ditch, and light trench digging furrow are not first ploughed, and furrow are wide at 350-400cm, and ditch the dark 30cm of wide 25cm;

(3) divide equally several times by the stalk dried, spread out completely by ditch, stalk down below, press above and revolve the turf cutting furrow surface, 2-3 time so repeatedly with machinery, until this field stalk is finished, also revolve comprehensively and cut one time by furrow surface;

(4) light bottom stalk by its smoldering at leisure, burn after moving back cooling, gained dirt is cleared out furrow ditch and evenly returns in furrow;

(5) kind wheat in field after rice, in conjunction with sowing, evenly lets go the dirt after smoldering, makes base manure or lid fertilizer.

2. stalk turf as claimed in claim 1 is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and is returned field method, it is characterized in that described turf rotovator results.

3. stalk turf as claimed in claim 1 is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and is returned field method, it is characterized in that stewing soil is implemented to broadcast in cultivation a few days ago to carry out.

4. stalk turf as claimed in claim 1 is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire soil and is returned field method, it is characterized in that stewing soil is implemented to carry out when becoming a fine day dry.