CN104904466A - Planting method for herba epimedii - Google Patents
Planting method for herba epimedii Download PDFInfo
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- CN104904466A CN104904466A CN201510274725.4A CN201510274725A CN104904466A CN 104904466 A CN104904466 A CN 104904466A CN 201510274725 A CN201510274725 A CN 201510274725A CN 104904466 A CN104904466 A CN 104904466A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a planting method for herba epimedii. The method includes the steps: A, seed treatment; B, sowing; C seedling cultivation. According to the step of seed treatment, harvesting is performed when herba epimedii peel is about to be open and seeds are exposed and become tawny, threshing is performed, and impurities are removed; the seeds and a matrix are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:8-12 and then stored, wherein river sand or humus or river sand and humus serve as the matrix, and the seeds are mixed with the disinfected matrix; the seed and matrix mixture is placed in bags, and the bags are buried in soil to be stored for 4-7 months. By means of the method, the propagation coefficient of the herba epimedii seeds can reach 600 and is increased by 300 times compared with the division propagation coefficient, and about 80-100 kg of whole leaves of dried medicinal materials can be produced per mu.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of barrenwort, belong to medicinal material planting technology field.
Background technology
Barrenwort is Berberidaceae Epimedium (Epimedium.L) herbaceos perennial, has the history of more than 2000 year as conventional Chinese medicine, is that China is most widely used, one of traditional Chinese medicine the longest.Barrenwort not only has traditional drug effects such as kidney-replenishing, strengthening the bones and muscles, wines used as antirheumatic, and modern study shows anti-ageing, effect such as raising immunologic function, Tumor suppression etc. in addition, is one of medicinal plant of primary study for many years both at home and abroad.
Along with deepening continuously of studying barrenwort, the Shorthorned Epimedium P.E industry based on icariin is also greatly developed.Modern molecular biology technique research has been found that Shorthorned Epimedium P.E active ingredient has good inhibitory action to breast cancer, liver cancer.Part is that the research of new drug enters clinical investigation phase with Shorthorned Epimedium P.E, and therefore epimedium herb exists huge industrial value.
At present, the supply of epimedium herb about 5000 tons/year in Chinese Medicinal Materials Markets.All the time, China's epimedium herb is to excavate wild natural resources.And the existing barrenwort resource situation of China sharply worsens, and some areas are because excessively excavating, and resource is seriously damaged, and the narrow taxon that distributes faces disappearance.Meanwhile, along with Shorthorned Epimedium P.E research deepen continuously, market to the demand of barrenwort also in swift and violent growth.But along with the minimizing of wild resource amount, demand but constantly increases, the market price of barrenwort also goes up increasingly.Therefore in line with solution disparities between supply and demand, the basic principle of sustainable development, development barrenwort artificial planting industry is also particularly urgent.
Be provide a kind of herba epimedii seed propagation method in the Chinese patent application of 201110082297.7 at application number.The method overcome existing seed division propagation coefficient low, and the defect that barrenwort quality is low, by seminal propagation, substantially increase the reproduction coefficient of barrenwort.
But present inventor finds again, on the basis of above seminal propagation, the reproduction coefficient of barrenwort seed can also be improved further.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of barrenwort.This method solve the defect that existing barrenwort seminal propagation rate is low.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of barrenwort, and the method comprises:
A. the process of seed
Gather when barrenwort pericarp exposes in yellowish-brown for opening, seed, threshing, removes impurity;
With mass ratio range, seed and matrix are mixed according to the ratio of 1:8-12 and store, described matrix be selected from river sand and humus soil one or both, and described seed and the matrix through sterilizing mix;
The mixture of seed and matrix is loaded pocket, and this pocket is imbedded earth and put shady and cool place and store 4-7 month;
B. sow
Sow after barrenwort seed embryonic development is full;
C. nursery.
Preferably, in the processing procedure of described seed, when matrix is river sand, the humidity of river sand is 50%-65%; When matrix is humus soil, humidity humous is 30-40%; When matrix is river sand mixing humus soil, the humidity of matrix is 20-30%.
Preferably, the described matrix carbendazim of its weight 1%-3% carries out disinfection.
Preferably, in described steps A, before the prematurity of barrenwort seed, to the breeding of infructescence axle sleeve bag, when pericarp exposes in yellowish-brown for opening, seed, win the threshing of infructescence axle.
Preferably, described pocket is woven bag, goes back and is made regular check on by the pocket imbedding earth.
Preferably, in described step B, during sowing time of barrenwort seed is January annual December to next year.
Preferably, in described step B, sowing time of barrenwort seed be before annual soil freezes 1-2 week or next year soil thaw after 1-2 week, and select height above sea level 300-1500m, the mountain region Schattenseite that the soil is porous operates: first spraying herbicide weeds a garden, deep ploughing 15-20cm, and execute the fertile 400-1000 thousand grams/acre that becomes thoroughly decomposed and make base fertilizer, tipping mixing, ridging, then by barrenwort planting seed.
More preferably, also on the field of sowing barrenwort seed, shading shed is taken.
Most preferably, the obscurity of described shading shed is 60-75%.
Preferably, in the ridging of described step B, ridge culture of first getting up, ridge bed digs shallow slot, spreads into ash at the bottom of shallow slot, then by barrenwort seed broadcasting on ash, covers barrenwort seed, water with face, thin ridge soil, then mulching straw.
Preferably, described shallow slot width is 3-5cm, and covers barrenwort seed 2-4cm with face, thin ridge soil.
Preferably, the seeding quantity of barrenwort seed is 0.6-1.2g/m
2.
Preferably, in described step C, at the beginning of 2 months of after planting Second Year-late March, by barrenwort seedling balled transplanting, and according to line-spacing 20-25cm, the dark 9-10cm in cave, earthing 4-6cm carries out dibbling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention has carried out improving further on existing barrenwort seminal propagation basis, in storage process, also the mixture of seed and sterilization matrix is positioned over pocket jointly, and pocket is imbedded in earth, thus effectively prevent heating that seed may occur between latter stage of ripening, go mouldy, the situation such as water loss occurs, and effectively ensure that the quality of seed.By the storage method of above seed, the bud ratio of intact barrenwort seed can reach 95%.
Barrenwort seed of the present invention is sowed after embryonic development is full, and sowing was selected during the January of annual December to next year, effectively ensure that bud ratio when seed is planted.Cross the multiple factors such as planting early enough may be suffered from because of mouse, ant infestations and affect germination rate.
In addition, the present invention before maturation, to the breeding of infructescence axle sleeve bag, and after seed maturity, will win the threshing of infructescence axle, thus is all collected by barrenwort seed, avoid the loss of seed at barrenwort seed.
In addition, the present invention has carried out improving further on existing barrenwort seminal propagation basis, and the mountain region Schattenseite selecting height above sea level 300-1500m in the present invention is planted, and optimizes the control environment of barrenwort growth.
Soil at barrenwort seed prior to seeding, first will weed a garden by the present invention, and deep ploughing, executes the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, so operate, can reduce the consumption of weeds to soil fertilizer, and the fertilizer that barrenwort seed obtains is sufficient, grows vigorous.
In addition, seed at seeding time, will litter wood ash at the bottom of the shallow slot at seed place, and seed covers face, ridge soil, then lid straw, thus effectively prevent the water loss of seed, ensure that seed sprouting.
By the inventive method, the reproduction coefficient of the barrenwort seed of acquisition reaches 600, improves 300 times than plant division reproduction coefficient, the dry medicinal material about full leaf 80-100 kilogram of per mu yield.
Embodiment
Following examples only for carrying out exemplary illustration to the present invention, are not used in restriction the present invention, and the amendment made in scope, change, modification etc. are all in protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Target plant involved by the present embodiment is Berberidaceae barrenwort Epimedium sagittatum (Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb.et Zucc.) Maxim.).
I. seed is fostered and process
Fostering of 1.1 seeds
Barrenwort is bloomed annual March.The 4-5 month starts to bear fruit.
1.2 seed collection
Annual May to early June gathers barrenwort mature seed.Bagging breeding before seed prematurity, winning training infructescence axle and transports threshing back, accomplishing with ripe with adopting when pericarp exposes in yellowish-brown for opening, seed.Adopt back and be separated fruit branch, timely threshing, remove impurity, put shady and cool dry ventilation storage.
The process of 1.3 seeds
Barrenwort seed has latter stage of ripening, should use thin river sand immediately after gathering, or thin river sand mixes humus soil, or humus soil is preserved as matrix and seed mixing low temp.As used river sand stored seed, river sand humidity is 60%; When mixing humus soil stored seed with river sand, it is 25% that river sand mixes total humidity humous; During with humus soil stored seed, its humidity is 35%.
Storage method is: before storage, first carry out matrix sterilization with the carbendazim of matrix weight 2%, then matrix is fully mixed with the ratio of 12:1 with seed, load in woven bag, and imbed in the yellow soil of pulverizing by filling seed-bearing woven bag, In Shade storage.Make regular check on therebetween, prevent heating, water deficient, go mouldy, preserve about 4 ~ 7 months.
II. nursery
The selection in 2.1 soils and whole
Nursery selects height above sea level 300-800m to irrigate and draining mountain region Schattenseite easily, the soil is porous field that humus content is higher; Planting site in advance spraying herbicide weeds a garden, deep ploughing 15-20 centimetre, and executes Chicken dung 500,000 grams/acre and make base fertilizer, tipping mixing.The ridge of wide high 20 centimetres of 0.9-1.0 rice is played after the thin leveling of rake.On face, ridge, Eco-fertilizer 50,000 grams/acre is executed again before sowing.
Sowing ground uses the concrete stake upper berth sunshade net of 2.4 meters to set up cool canopy, and obscurity is 70% to be advisable.
2.2 sowing times and method
2.2.1 the sowing time
Barrenwort seed has special latter stage of ripening, should according to processing method low-temperature storage seed a period of time of 1.3 seeds, treat embryonic development full after more optionally sow after collecting seed before early June.Sowing time is period at the beginning of 1 month December to next year.The seed in particular cases preserved also should finish or sow after thawing next spring before frozen soil then.
2.2.2 type of seeding
Ridge bed laterally digs 4 ~ 6 centimetres of dark shallow slots, with sieved mountain region ash, bottom land is paved, then equably by the mountain region ash of seed broadcasting in ditch.After planting cover 2 centimetres with thin face, ridge soil, water appropriate.Cover one deck straw again, to keep moisture and ridge temperature.Seeding quantity 0.6-1.2g/m
2.
3. nursery and transplanting
3.1 nursery
One-year age need be experienced from being seeded into seedling replanting.
To remain that bed surface is moistening before sowing is emerged then, water and want thoroughly.To water in time or carry out after emerging to irrigate through furrow between bed, carry out draining in rainy season, prevent field ponding.In Second Year spring after planting, when ridge, bed soil thaws, and when emerging soon, removes rice straw mulching thing, makes bed surface ventilation and penetrating light.See after insemination and emergence that grass just removes then, keep field without weeds.Second Year young leaves sends and carries out shallow loosening the soil in the ranks in conjunction with weeding afterwards.Optionally apply with after the chicken manure clear water dilution of becoming thoroughly decomposed after emerging three months, also can coordinate to water and apply fertilizer.
3.2 kinds of transplantation of seedlings
Field-transplanting whole ground standard is with nursery requirement.Annual seedling is dug out balled transplanting.Transplanting time at the beginning of 2 months ~ early March.By the seedling chosen by large and small classification, plant respectively.When planting, by seeding row spacing 20-25 centimetre dibbling, the dark 9-10 centimetre in cave, earthing 4-6 cm thick, fibrous root of make suring is unfolded, and slightly pressure is watered permeable.About every mu of plantation 10000 strains.
Field management after 3.3 transplantings
3.3.1 weed with a hoe
Because seedling is less after transplanting, the first two years at least will carry out more than 6 times weedings every year.First stage weeding is carried out after young leaves grows, and in the ranks pine soil depth is 3-6 centimetre, pulls out weeds between seedling simultaneously; Second stage weeding was carried out in the first tenday period of a month in May, manually pulled out weeds between seedling; Phase III is at the laggard row artificial weeding of fruit picking.
3.3.2 fertilising
Barrenwort is perennial plant.To topdress by different way every year after transplanting.First Year after transplanting, carries out top dressing after plant exhibition leaf.After transplanting Second Year, should carry out side root and topdress, the spraying fertilizer time, based on autumn, carries out before frozen soil.Topdress the chicken manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed or the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed is advisable, amount of application is 200-300 thousand grams/acre.
3.3.3 draining is filled with
Barrenwort is neither drought-enduring, again intolerant to waterlogging, more weak to the stress ability of moisture.Terrace cropping is reasonably carried out irrigation and is got rid of field ponding in time, and maintenance ridge soil is moistening is advisable.
3.3.4 Illumination adjusting
After transplanting, Second Year rises, and March annual December to next year removes sunshade net to the barrenwort field of field planting, with regulating illumination intensity, promotes that underground is rhizomatic and grows.
3.3.5 the extermination of disease and insect pest
3.3.5.1 disease
Barrenwort is ombrophyte, and disease is sun burn mainly, due to improper measures of shading after manual inseminating, and susceptible disease.Prevention and controls: mainly adjust intensity of illumination.
3.3.5.2 insect pest and control thereof
Because barrenwort is herbaceos perennial, the soil insect that insect pest is mainly common, mainly contains: grub, locust, cricket.Prevention and controls: adopt ethiprole to mix appropriate wheat bran and be sprinkled upon on face, ridge or furrow trapping.
3.3.5.3 pick and process
Barrenwort seed is gathered for 1 year twice, and collecting time is at the beginning of by the end of June with 9 months.Select fair weather, when gathering, with scissors clip overground part blade, blade can not clean with water, dries the same day or dries.Be sure not when gathering to uproop, in order to avoid destroy underground root-like stock to affect growth next year.Medicinal material drying standard is water content 10-12%, loads the mid-cool place of woven bag, dry ventilation and preserves.Anti-mildew and damage by worms.The full leaf 80-100 kilogram of the dry medicinal material of per mu yield.
Claims (10)
1. an implantation methods for barrenwort, the method comprises:
A. the process of seed
Gather when barrenwort pericarp exposes in yellowish-brown for opening, seed, threshing, removes impurity;
With mass ratio range, seed and matrix are mixed according to the ratio of 1:8-12 and store, described matrix be selected from river sand and humus soil one or both, and described seed and the matrix through sterilizing mix;
The mixture of seed and matrix is loaded pocket, and this pocket is imbedded earth and put shady and cool place and store 4-7 month;
B. sow
Sow after barrenwort seed embryonic development is full;
C. nursery.
2. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the processing procedure of described seed, when matrix is river sand, the humidity of river sand is 50%-65%; When matrix is humus soil, humidity humous is 30-40%; When matrix is river sand mixing humus soil, the humidity of matrix is 20-30%; Preferably, the described matrix carbendazim of its weight 1%-3% carries out disinfection.
3. implantation methods according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described steps A, before the prematurity of barrenwort seed, to the breeding of infructescence axle sleeve bag, when pericarp exposes in yellowish-brown for opening, seed, wins the threshing of infructescence axle.
4. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pocket is woven bag, and is made regular check on by the pocket imbedding earth.
5. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step B, during sowing time of barrenwort seed is January annual December to next year.
6. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step B, sowing time of barrenwort seed be before annual soil freezes 1-2 week or next year soil thaw after 1-2 week, and select height above sea level 300-1500m, the mountain region Schattenseite that the soil is porous operates: first spraying herbicide weeds a garden, deep ploughing 15-20cm, and execute the fertile 400-1000 thousand grams/acre that becomes thoroughly decomposed and make base fertilizer, tipping mixing, ridging, then by barrenwort planting seed; Preferably, also on the field of sowing barrenwort seed, shading shed is taken; Preferably, the obscurity of described shading shed is 60-75%.
7. implantation methods according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in the ridging of described step B, first to get up ridge culture, ridge bed digs shallow slot, spreads into ash at the bottom of shallow slot, again by barrenwort seed broadcasting on ash, cover barrenwort seed with face, thin ridge soil, water, then mulching straw.
8. implantation methods according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described shallow slot width is 3-5cm, and covers barrenwort seed 2-4cm with face, thin ridge soil.
9. implantation methods according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the seeding quantity of barrenwort seed is 0.6-1.2g/m
2.
10. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step C, at the beginning of 2 months of after planting Second Year-and late March, by barrenwort seedling balled transplanting, and according to line-spacing 20-25cm, the dark 9-10cm in cave, earthing 4-6cm carries out dibbling.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106376345A (en) * | 2016-10-30 | 2017-02-08 | 贵州省蕙安农业科技发展有限公司 | Epimedium dolichostemon Stearn planting method |
| CN107371738A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏奥沃思特生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Epimedium sagittatum |
| CN109006225A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-18 | 临江市北方道地中药材有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Herba Epimedii |
| CN111357574A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 国药集团同济堂（贵州）制药有限公司 | High-yield planting method of Epimedium sagittatum |
| CN111657068A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-15 | 劲牌有限公司 | Method for breeding epimedium seedlings |
| CN113455305A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-01 | 中国农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling field weeds of epimedium herb |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106376345A (en) * | 2016-10-30 | 2017-02-08 | 贵州省蕙安农业科技发展有限公司 | Epimedium dolichostemon Stearn planting method |
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| CN109006225A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-18 | 临江市北方道地中药材有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Herba Epimedii |
| CN111357574A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 国药集团同济堂（贵州）制药有限公司 | High-yield planting method of Epimedium sagittatum |
| CN111657068A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-15 | 劲牌有限公司 | Method for breeding epimedium seedlings |
| CN113455305A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-01 | 中国农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling field weeds of epimedium herb |
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| CN104904466B (en) | 2018-03-16 |
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