CN106171389A - A kind of 1 year agricultural climate condition for corn method of sylvan life konjac seed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting annual konjac seed taro under the forest, which comprises the following steps: ① selecting forest land; ② imitating the ecological environment of wild konjac; ③ forest land reclamation; ④ selecting konjac bulbs; ⑦weeding; ⑧planting taro woodland for overwintering; ⑨harvesting and digging. This method adopts konjac planting under the forest, realizes the "original ecological planting" from the forest to the forest, creates a habitat close to the original place of konjac, better meets the requirements of konjac growth for the external environment, and achieves fitness cultivation. purpose of healthy growth. Planting konjac seed taro under the forest has good growth conditions, low moisture content, and can survive the winter safely in the forest. In the second spring, after harvesting and digging, it can be planted directly in the field. The quality of the seed taro is good, with less bacteria and a high emergence rate. In the autumn of the year of sowing, the seed taro is harvested and overwintered indoors, which saves labor and reduces production links.

Description

A kind of 1-year-old planting method of konjac seed taro under forest

technical field

The invention relates to a method for planting konjac seed taro, in particular to a one-year-old planting method for understory konjac seed taro.

Background technique

Konjac is an understory plant native to the tropical rainforest. After thousands of years of domestication, the planting range has gradually expanded to subtropical regions. Fend for itself, grow naturally. Since the mid-1980s, due to the increasing market demand, the konjac industry in my country has gradually emerged, and large-scale artificial field cultivation has begun. With the expansion of the artificial planting area and the increase in the number of years, konjac bacterial diseases, soft rot and fungi The venereal disease Sepia candidum continues to occur and gets worse year by year. The light ones reduce production, and the severe ones have no harvest. This has seriously affected the development of konjac production and industrial development. The disease has become a bottleneck that is difficult to solve in the development of konjac industry in my country, resulting in insufficient supply of raw materials and market demand. The ever-expanding contradictions have become increasingly prominent.

Application number 201210219299.0, invention name "Method of planting konjac by using corners" proposes a method of planting konjac by using corners, which is to plant konjac around houses, trees, forests, fields, ditches, and roads. The planting of konjac can make konjac grow in the environment of "imitating the original ecology", so as to reduce the occurrence of diseases and increase the yield and benefit of konjac. The planting steps are: (1) seed selection; (2) sterilizing the soil of the taro and the corner land, using Wuhe disinfection powder for the corner land soil; (3) ridging the corner land; (4) sowing and fertilizing: (5) weeding: after konjac is sown, use straw or corn stalks or chaff or leaves to cover the compartment surface; or, use chemical weeding; (6) harvest; (7) store kind. The present invention improves the land utilization rate of existing corner land, has innovated konjac planting method and mode, expands development space, and defect is (1) ridge farming is relatively difficult, although still belongs to arable land because of corner land plot. But too small to operate. (II) Smoking is adopted for the disinfection of seed taro, which is relatively inconvenient to operate. (III) Since the corner land still belongs to cultivated land, with the increase of the number of years of cultivated land, the bacterial disease soft rot of konjac and the fungal disease white silkworm have not been effectively solved, and the soil of the corner land still needs to be disinfected before sowing.

Application number 201510887226.2, invention name "A light and simplified planting method for konjac" proposes a light and simplified planting method for konjac. The specific steps are: (1) choose 15-110 grams of konjac as the seed; -1100 meters of land; (3) according to the specifications of 1.1-1.2 meters to make ridges, ridge height 0.2-0.3 meters, ridge width 0.9-1 meters, operation ditch width 0.1-0.3 meters; (4) according to 1 row of corn, The standardized planting mode of 2 rows of konjac and 1 operation ditch, reasonable and sparse planting, planting 3000-5000 konjac plants per mu, 3500-4000 catties of farmyard manure per mu, and 80-100 catties of special fertilizer for konjac; then, sow corn; (5 ) The planting plot does not harvest konjac in the same year, and the harvest period of konjac is 2-3 years. The invention innovates the konjac planting and harvesting method, standardizes the high-efficiency planting standard, moderately prolongs the growth cycle, changes the planting plot to planting in the same year, and harvests for the first time in 2-3 years, effectively increases the number of konjac species in the plot, and reduces the input of seeds every year , Reduce labor in all links of production and reduce labor. The defect of the present invention is (1) for many years, in artificial field cultivation, the intercropping of konjac and corn has been researched and applied, but in practical application, because the science and technology awareness of the mountain people is not strong and the technology is not matched, often due to corn planting The density is too small or too high, sowing too early, the corn plant type is too compact and the shading is poor, etc., which affect the healthy growth of konjac. (II) In addition, konjac is a very special plant. Planting a small bulb (planting taro) can only yield a larger bulb, and planting a medium bulb can yield commercial konjac. Generally, the reproduction coefficient of taro species is 4-6 times, and taro species of various sizes can be deduced by analogy. If we plant 50 grams of seed taro, we can receive more than 200 grams of seed taro; if the planted taro is of different sizes, there will be bullying of large plants grown from large seed taro and small plants grown from small seed taro. Not uniform, the size of the harvested taros varies greatly, requiring size grading, which is laborious and labor-intensive, and is easy to damage the seed taros; in this invention, the seed taro ranges from 15 to 110 grams, and the difference is too large, so graded planting must be implemented in production. (III) The plot is still arable land, and the bacterial disease soft rot of konjac and the fungal disease white silkworm have not been effectively solved. The soil of the plot needs no deep tillage soil conditioner before sowing.

In addition, the above two inventions are all produced in large fields (i.e. cultivated land). Generally, after konjac is planted in large fields, the disease is serious, and there are more germs in the soil. In production, the large ones are generally dug and sold as commercial taro, and the small ones are used as seed taro. , the increase in production links caused the quality of the taro species to be poor, with more bacteria, and a high incidence of replanting.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a 1-year-old planting method for konjac seed taro under the forest. The konjac seed taro is planted under the forest, the growth conditions are good, the water content of the seed taro is low, and it survives the winter naturally in the woodland, without It needs to be harvested in the autumn of the year sowing and overwintered indoors, saving labor and reducing production links. The taro harvested and dug in the second year is directly planted in the field. The quality of the taro planted in the field is good, with less bacteria and a high emergence rate.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of understory konjac kind taro 1 year planting method, comprises the following steps:

① Selection of forest land: select arbor forests that have been converted from farmland to forests, and the age of the trees is more than 4 years;

②Imitate the ecological environment of wild konjac: sparse forest or cut branches, so that the shade degree is 30%-50%;

③Forest land reclamation: use small-scale rotary tillage machinery to reclaim arbor forest land that has been converted from farmland to forest;

④ Select konjac bulbs: choose konjac bulbs with full bud eyes, shallow bud nests, positive appearance, smooth skin, no damage, no disease spots, and no rot;

5. Konjac bulb disinfection: carry out medicament spray sterilization to the konjac bulb that dries, and described medicament is the mixed solution of biopesticide or biopesticide and thiabyl copper;

6. Sowing: When sowing, the konjac bulbs are 50-60 centimeters away from the roots of the trees, and the row spacing of the konjac bulbs is 30-40 centimeters;

⑦Weeding: Before the konjac bulbs emerge, if there are many weeds in the arbor forest, use chemical liquid to weed, spray the chemical liquid at a low level, and do not touch the leaves of the arbor;

⑧ Overwintering in taro woodland: After the seedlings of konjac planting taro plants are fallen, they will not be dug and harvested in autumn, and planting taro will survive the winter naturally in arbor woodland;

⑨ Harvesting and digging: Harvesting and digging from late March to early April of the second year, and directly sowing it as seed taro in the field.

Its further technical solutions:

The arbor forests in step ① are black locust forest, chestnut forest, walnut forest, mixed forest, lacquer forest, fir forest, Eucommia forest and Eucommia forest.

Its further technical solutions:

The arbor forest of returning farmland to forest described in step ① is in the area of 500-1000 meters above sea level.

Its further technical solutions:

The method of measuring the degree of shading in step ② is to use an illuminance meter to measure the light intensity, or to observe the ratio of the sun scattered light under the forest to the open field under the sun at 12-13 o'clock at noon.

Its further technical scheme:

Between step ② and step ③, spread 900-1275 kg/ha of special fertilizer for konjac, and the time point is selected in the autumn and winter of the year before sowing.

Its further technical solutions:

The konjac bulblets described in step ④ are classified according to weight, and are divided into 20-40 gram weight level, 40-50 gram weight level, and 50-70 gram weight level.

Its further technical solutions:

The biopesticides described in step ⑤ are agricultural streptomycin and agricultural antibiotic 120.

Its further technical solutions:

The sowing period in step ⑥ is from late March to mid-April.

Its further technical solutions:

The chemical medicine liquid described in step 7. is glyphosate.

Its further technical solutions:

In step 8, in areas where the annual average temperature is higher than 12°C, cover the konjac petiole cavity with soil and then overwinter. In areas where the annual average temperature is lower than 12°C, cover the soil and then cover leaves or corn stalks or mulch for wintering.

The forest land converted from farmland to forests was originally cultivated land, and the slope was steep and inconvenient for farming. Therefore, the country returned the farmland to forest land and no longer cultivated crops. Since most of the cultivated land in mountainous areas is converted to forests, there is a serious shortage of cultivated land, and the area for developing konjac production is very limited. In addition, the konjac planting area is a poor mountainous area, and most of the labor force of the farmers goes out to work, lacking labor to cultivate crops, and the lack of land and labor makes it difficult to expand the konjac planting area. In addition, after returning the farmland to forests, the country only subsidizes a small amount of management fees per mu of forest land every year. Farmers generally do not carry out forest management and protection, resulting in overgrown weeds under the forest, and the poor light conditions under the forest are not suitable for the growth of crops, and they do not plant crops.

The artificial field planting of konjac in our country began in the middle and late 1980s. So far, it has been carried out in the field for 30 years. Almost no one has tried to plant konjac in the woodland. In order to solve the problem of serious diseases in konjac production in continuous cropping on cultivated land, the present invention considers the origin of konjac. Konjac is an understory plant. During its growth, only the shade-loving and strong-light-loving, warm-loving and fear-loving conditions formed during the long-term phylogenetic process of konjac can be satisfied. Physiological characteristics such as high temperature, humidity, fear of drought and water stains can make it a strong individual and effectively resist the invasion of biological disasters. It is just right to use the forest land converted from farmland to forest for konjac understory planting, which is a good solution to the continuous cropping of konjac in large fields. Prominent problems with serious diseases. According to the characteristics of konjac native tropical rainforest plants, certain shading conditions are required during the growth period; arbor forests are selected for konjac seed production, especially black locust forests have nitrogen fixation properties and root exudates have the characteristics of inhibiting pathogen infection, etc. Robinia locust forests are preferred for konjac seed production. In areas with an altitude of 500-1000 meters, implement forest land reclamation, thin forests and cut branches, and determine the appropriate degree of shade to plant konjac under the forest. For woodlands with less soil, implement heap planting to thicken the soil layer, which is conducive to the growth of konjac.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) Free up the arable land used for the production of konjac seed taro, expand the planting area of commercial taro, and meet the demand for raw materials for konjac product processing. The planting of commercial konjac in the field uses the seed taro produced in the forest. After the commercial konjac is excavated and sold in the field, the rhizomes (generally 3-8) that grow around the commercial konjac corm are planted back to the forest to realize the propagation of the seed taro and the commercial taro. Production of virtuous circle planting pattern.

(2) The soil under the arbor forest has high humus content, strong heat preservation and moisturizing performance, and good shading and windproof effects. The formed microclimate is close to the conditions of the original place of konjac, which can better meet the normal growth of konjac. In addition, there are few man-made farming operations in the understory konjac, which reduces mechanical damage. The taro is not harvested and dug in the year of planting, which avoids the spread of diseases in the planted taro. According to the measurement for three consecutive years, konjac intercropped in arbor forests such as black locust forest, mixed forest, lacquer forest, cedar forest, walnut forest, thick Berlin, chestnut forest and Eucommia forest performed better than konjac planted in fields, and the average diseased plant rate Large field konjac is reduced by more than 70%, and the average yield is increased by more than 20%.

(3) The secondary metabolism of Robinia pseudoacacia produces more root exudates, and the exudates form microbial flora in the soil. In addition to stimulating growth, loosening and maturing the soil, it can also produce antagonism with the Amorphophallus konjac soft rot bacteria in the soil , causing disorder of the pathogenic flora, unable to grow normally and infect the konjac plants, effectively inhibiting its infection and damage, and reducing the incidence rate. Comparing different forest species such as black locust forest, mixed forest, sumac forest, cedar forest, chestnut forest and Eucommia forest, the conclusion is that the rate of konjac diseased plants in black locust forest land is 10.93%-25.91% lower than other forest species. Moreover, the incidence of Amorphophallus konjac under Robinia locust forest is still relatively light after 10 years of continuous cropping. That is to say, the planting of Robinia locust forest has better solved the outstanding problem of serious disease of konjac in field continuous cropping.

(4) Robinia pseudoacacia is a leguminous plant, and the lateral roots with more horizontal distribution have root nodules, and the rhizobia have the ability to fix nitrogen. By absorbing nitrogen in the air, soil fertility can be improved, and nitrogen fertilizer required for production can be provided for konjac. The comparison experiment between Robinia locust forest and other 5 kinds of forest species was carried out for 3 consecutive years, and the growth rate of konjac yield in Robinia locust forest land was 9.85% to 32.76%.

(5) Intercropping between konjac and black locust, konjac overwinters on the spot and becomes the seed taro of the next year, avoiding mechanical damage caused by handling bumps and artificial management. Due to the good habitat where the taro is located, the leaf buds will germinate early in the coming spring, and the root system will grow quickly. Generally, the seedlings can emerge about 5 days earlier. During the growth of konjac, the fitness cultivation is carried out, the plants are strong, the vitality is strong, and the suitable temperature, humidity and light conditions under the forest prolong the growth period of konjac, and the seedlings can be poured 15 to 20 days later in large fields. The full growth period can be extended by more than 20 days, which is equivalent to more than 15% of the growth period of the field konjac, so that the biological yield is greatly improved.

(6) Planting konjac has the following effects on the growth of arbor forest:

1) Conserve water and soil. After returning farmland to forests, the coverage area of young forests is small, most of the land is bare, and the ability to fix water and soil is poor. After the konjac intercropping in the arbor forest, the konjac under the young forest covers the whole ground, which improves the utilization rate of light energy. Especially in the vigorous growth stage of konjac in summer, which coincides with the peak precipitation period, the underground root system of konjac plays a role in maintaining water and soil.

2) Suppress weeds. Before the konjac emerges, the temperature is lower and the precipitation is less. Through the implementation of chemical weeding, weeds in the forest are killed and the emergence of konjac is promoted. After emergence, as the temperature rises and the precipitation increases, konjac grows rapidly, covering the understory ground, inhibiting the growth of weeds, and improving the utilization rate of soil nutrients and water.

3) Reduce labor. After returning farmland to forests, the state only pays 2 working hours for 1 mu of management fees. Farmers generally feel that the fees are low, and they do not pay attention to management and protection, resulting in barren forests. After intercropping konjac, the farmers manage the konjac while also managing the forest land, reducing the labor of forest management. The harvested konjac can be sold or moved to the field for konjac reproduction, maximizing the ecological and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of 1-year-old planting method flowchart of konjac seed taro under forest.

detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment one

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of understory konjac seed taro 1 year planting method comprises the following steps:

① Selection of forest land: Select the black locust forest that has been converted from farmland to forest, the age of the trees is more than 4 years, and the black locust forest is located in the area of 500-1000 meters above sea level.

②Imitate the ecological environment of wild konjac: sparse forest or cut branches, so that the shade degree is 50%;

The illuminance meter is used to measure the light intensity. The shading degree of the black locust forest is 50%. In the first year of planting bulbs, the incidence of konjac under the forest is less than 5%. above.

③Forest land reclamation: In spring, small-scale rotary tillage machinery is used to reclaim black locust forest land that has been converted from farmland to forest;

There is no need for soil disinfection in the black locust woodland. In fact, there is no need to fertilize konjac under the black locust forest, because the black locust itself has the function of biological nitrogen fixation. The black locust belongs to the leguminous plant. The lateral roots with more horizontal distribution have root nodules, and the rhizobia have nitrogen fixation ability. Absorb nitrogen in the air, improve soil fertility, and provide konjac with the nitrogen fertilizer needed for production. Therefore, there is no need to fertilize the forest land, and only small-scale rotary tillage machinery is needed to reclaim the black locust forest land.

④ Select konjac bulbs with full bud eyes, shallow bud nests, positive appearance, smooth skin, no damage, no disease spots, and no rot. The weight of konjac bulbs is 40-50 grams;

⑤ The medicament selected is a mixed solution of agricultural streptomycin and thiazolin copper, and the konjac bulblets that are aired are sprayed and sterilized;

Thiobacterium copper (a kind of copper preparation, organic copper) has a good effect on preventing and treating the bacterial disease soft rot. It is mixed with the biopesticide agricultural streptomycin, and the method of innovative use of the agent is sprayed to sterilize the air-dried konjac bulbs. The method is simple , save labor, and the effect is very good.

⑥Sowing: When sowing in late March to mid-April, the bulbs should be 50-60 cm away from the roots of Robinia pseudoacacia, and the row spacing of bulbs should be 30-40 cm;

⑦Weeding: Before the konjac taro emerges, if there are many weeds in the woodland, use chemical liquid to weed, spray the chemical liquid at a low level, and do not touch the leaves of the black locust forest;

⑧ Overwintering in the woodland of konjac: After the konjac plants are fallen, do not dig and harvest in autumn. Cover the konjac petiole cavity with soil in areas where the annual average temperature is higher than 12°C, and then cover the konjac petiole cavity with soil, and then cover the leaves in areas where the annual average temperature is lower than 12°C or corn stalks or mulch overwintering;

⑨ Harvesting and digging: Harvesting and digging from late March to early April in the second year, the weight of the harvested konjac is 200-300 grams, and it is sown as a seed taro in the field, and the commercial taro can be harvested for processing in the same year.

The secondary metabolism of Robinia pseudoacacia produces more root exudates, and the exudates form microbial flora in the soil. In addition to stimulating growth, loosening and maturing the soil, it can also antagonize the soil Akonjac soft rot, causing the pathogenic bacteria to The colony is disordered, unable to grow normally and infect the konjac plants, effectively inhibiting its infection and damage, and reducing the incidence rate.

Robinia pseudoacacia is a leguminous plant. The lateral roots with more horizontal distribution have root nodules. The rhizobia have the ability to fix nitrogen. By absorbing nitrogen in the air, they can improve soil fertility and provide nitrogen fertilizer for konjac production.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of understory konjac seed taro 1 year planting method comprises the following steps:

①Selection of forest land: Select chestnut forests that have been converted from farmland to forests. The trees are more than 4 years old, and the chestnut forests are located at an altitude of 500-1000 meters.

②Imitate the ecological environment of wild konjac: sparse forest or cut branches, so that the shade degree is 40%;

Under the sunlight at 12-13 noon, observe the ratio of the sun scattered light under the forest to the open field. Accounting for 40% is enough. The method is simple and practical. In the first year of planting, the incidence of chestnut forests is less than 5%.

③ Forest land reclamation: In the autumn and winter of the year before planting, 900-1275 kg/ha of konjac special fertilizer is applied, and small-scale rotary tillage machines are used in spring to reclaim the chestnut woodland that has been converted from farmland to forest;

Chestnut woodlands do not need soil disinfection or fertilization. In order to increase the yield of taro, 900-1275 kg/ha of special fertilizer for konjac can be sprinkled in the autumn and winter of the year before planting. After spreading the special fertilizer for konjac, it is rotated to the lower layer by a small rotary tiller, which is very dispersed, will not burn the seed taro, and is conducive to prolonging the utilization time of the fertilizer and improving the utilization rate.

④ Select konjac bulbs with full bud eyes, shallow bud nests, positive appearance, smooth skin, no damage, no disease spots, and no rot. The weight of konjac bulbs is 20-40 grams;

⑤ Select agricultural streptomycin or agricultural anti-120, and spray and sterilize the air-dried corms;

When using agricultural streptomycin or Nongkang 120, the innovative use method does not use the traditional method of soaking the dried konjac bulbs, but sprays the dried konjac bulbs to sterilize them. The method is simple, labor-saving, and the effect is very good.

⑥Sowing: When sowing from late March to mid-April, the small bulbs of konjac are 50-60 cm away from the roots of chestnut trees, and the row spacing of bulbs is 30-40 cm;

⑦Weeding: Before the konjac bulbs emerge, if there are many weeds in the chestnut woodland, use glyphosate to weed, spray low glyphosate, and do not touch the leaves of chestnut trees;

⑧ Overwintering in the woodland of konjac taro: after the seedlings of konjac taro plants are poured, do not dig and harvest in autumn, cover the konjac petiole cavity with soil in areas with an average annual temperature higher than 12 ℃, and then overwinter in areas with an annual average temperature lower than 12 ℃ after covering soil Cover leaves or corn stalks or mulch for winter;

⑨ Harvesting and digging: Konjac is harvested and dug from late March to early April of the second year. The weight of the harvested konjac is 100-200 grams, and it is sown as a seed taro in the field.

The soil under the chestnut forest has high humus content, strong thermal insulation and moisturizing properties, and good shading and windproof effects. The formed microclimate is close to the conditions of the original place of konjac, which can better meet the normal growth of konjac. In addition, there are few man-made farming operations in the understory konjac, which reduces mechanical damage. The taro is not harvested and dug in the year of planting, which avoids the spread of diseases in the planted taro. According to the measurement for three consecutive years, the konjac intercropped in the chestnut forest forest performed better than the konjac planted in the field, the average diseased plant rate was 82.12% lower than that in the field, and the average yield increased by 31.33%.

Embodiment Three

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of understory konjac seed taro 1 year planting method comprises the following steps:

①Selection of forest land: Select the Houbin trees that have been converted from farmland to forests. The trees are more than 4 years old, and the Houbin trees are located at an altitude of 500-1000 meters.

②Imitate the ecological environment of wild konjac: sparse forest or cut branches, so that the shade degree is 30%;

Under the sunlight at 12-13 noon, observe the ratio of the sun scattered light under the forest to the open field. Accounting for 30% is enough. The method is simple and practical. In the first year of planting, the incidence rate under the forest is less than 5%, while the strong light and shade degree in the open field is less than 30%, and the incidence rate reaches 20%.

③Forest land reclamation: in the autumn and winter of the year before sowing, 900-1275 kg/ha of konjac special fertilizer is applied, and small rotary tillage machines are used in spring to reclaim the thick forest land that has been converted from farmland to forest;

There is no need for soil disinfection or fertilization in the Houblin field. In order to increase the yield of taro, 900-1275 kg/ha of special fertilizer for konjac can be sprinkled in the autumn and winter of the year before planting. After spreading the special fertilizer for konjac, it is rotated to the lower layer by a small rotary tiller, which is very dispersed, will not burn the seed taro, and is conducive to prolonging the utilization time of the fertilizer and improving the utilization rate.

④ Select konjac bulbs with full bud eyes, shallow bud nests, positive appearance, smooth skin, no damage, no disease spots, and no rot. The weight of konjac bulbs is 50-70 grams;

⑤ Select the mixture of Nongkang 120 and Thiobacterium Copper as the medicament, and spray and sterilize the air-dried konjac bulbs;

Thiobacterium copper (a kind of copper preparation) has a good effect on the prevention and treatment of soft rot. It is mixed with Nongkang 120, and the method of using the agent is innovative. Instead of using the traditional method of soaking the konjac bulbs in the air, it is used to treat the konjac in the air. Small bulb spray sterilization, the method is simple, labor-saving, and the effect is very good.

⑥Sowing: When sowing from late March to mid-April, the bulbs should be 50-60 cm away from the roots of the thick cypress, and the row spacing of the bulbs should be 30-40 cm;

⑦ Weeding: Before the emergence of konjac taro, if there are many weeds in the woodland, use glyphosate to weed, spray low glyphosate, and do not touch the leaves of thick cypress;

⑧ Overwintering in the woodland of konjac: After the konjac plants are fallen, do not dig and harvest in autumn. Cover the konjac petiole cavity with soil in areas where the annual average temperature is higher than 12°C, and then cover the konjac petiole cavity with soil, and then cover the leaves in areas where the annual average temperature is lower than 12°C Or corn stalks or mulch overwintering;

⑨ Harvesting and digging: Harvesting and digging from late March to early April of the second year, the weight of the harvested konjac is 300-400 grams, and it is sown as a seed taro in the field.

The soil under Hubalin has high humus content, strong thermal insulation and moisturizing properties, and good shading and windproof effects. The formed microclimate is close to the conditions of the original place of konjac, which can better meet the normal growth of konjac. In addition, there are few man-made farming operations in the understory konjac, which reduces mechanical damage. The taro is not harvested and dug in the year of planting, which avoids the spread of diseases in the planted taro. According to the measurement for 3 consecutive years, the Amorphophallus konjac intercropped in the thick Berlin forest performed better than the konjac planted in the larger field, the average diseased plant rate was 75.95% lower than that of the larger field, and the average yield increased by 28.60%.

The woodlands suitable for one-year planting of konjac species under the forest are not limited to black locust forests, papaya and chestnut forests, but also arbor forests such as mixed forests, walnut forests, lacquer forests, fir forests, and Eucommia forests. According to continuous 3-year measurements The konjac intercropped in black locust forest, walnut forest, mixed forest, thick forest, cedar forest, lacquer forest, chestnut forest and Eucommia forest all performed better than the konjac planted in the field, and the average diseased plant rate was reduced by more than 75% in the field. , the average output increased by more than 25%. Comparing different forest species such as black locust forest, mixed forest, thick Berlin, cedar forest, chestnut forest, walnut forest, sumac forest, and Eucommia forest, the conclusion is that the rate of konjac diseased plants in black locust forest land is 10.93% lower than other forest species ~25.91%. Moreover, the incidence of Amorphophallus konjac under Robinia locust forest is still relatively light after 10 years of continuous cropping. That is to say, the ecological planting of konjac under the Robinia locust forest has the best effect in solving the outstanding problem of the serious disease of konjac in field continuous cropping.

Konjac has been planted in all fields, and there are pathogenic bacteria in the soil. After sterilization treatment, the occurrence of diseases can be reduced. Arbor forests such as locust forests, lacquer forests, mixed forests, thick pine forests, fir forests, walnut forests, chestnut forests, and eucommia forests have not been planted with crops for a long time, and there are no pathogenic bacteria, so disinfection is not required. Good, strong resistance, used for the production of commercial konjac in the field, can effectively solve the problem of serious shortage of planting area and low quality in the field, and effectively increase the area of commercial konjac in the field. After the commercial konjac is harvested in the field, the rhizomes are planted back under the forest, and a healthy and virtuous cycle between the production of planted konjac and the production of commercial konjac between the forest and the field is implemented.

Due to the many benefits of planting konjac under the forest, the planting area of konjac is also expanded compared with field planting. According to the example of planting konjac under the black locust forest at 9 altitude points of 430-1400m, between 500-1400m, konjac The rate of diseased plants ranged from 0.4% to 7.8%. As the altitude increased, the rate of diseased plants showed a downward trend; the rate of diseased plants at 430m was the highest, reaching 25.4%. From the perspective of yield, within the range of 500-1000m, the yield is about ^18750kg /hm2; above 1000m, the temperature is low, and the yield has declined; below 500m, due to serious diseases, the yield has decreased accordingly. Planting konjac under the forest will reduce the lower limit of the field planting altitude to 500m.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the technical solution of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and Retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

1. forest land is selected: selecting the arbor forest land conceded the land to forestry, the age of tree is more than 4 years；

2. imitate the ecological environment of wild Rhizoma amorphophalli: sparse woods or cut branch, make arbor forest land shade rate at 30%-50%；

3. clearing: open up wasteland the arbor forest land conceded the land to forestry with small-sized rotary tilling machinery；

4. select Rhizoma amorphophalli bottom set: select that eye is full, bud nest is shallow, outward appearance just, epidermis smooth, without damaged, rotten without scab, nothing Rhizoma amorphophalli bottom set；

5. Rhizoma amorphophalli bottom set sterilization: the Rhizoma amorphophalli bottom set of dry in the sun is carried out reagent spray sterilization processing, described medicament is biological The mixed liquor of pesticide or biological pesticide and Thiodiazole-copper；

6. sowing: during sowing, Rhizoma amorphophalli bottom set spacing in the rows 50-60 centimetre from arbor root, Rhizoma amorphophalli bottom set seeding row spacing is 30-40 li Rice；

7. weeding: before Rhizoma amorphophalli bottom set is emerged, if arbor forest land weeds are more, employing chemical liquid weeding, the low spray of chemical liquid, Do not contact arbor leaves；

8. plant taro forest land to survive the winter: konjac seed plant falls after Seedling, does not dig receipts autumn, plant taro at arbor forest land overwintering；

9. receive and dig: Second Year late March to early April is received and dug Rhizoma amorphophalli, is directly seeded into land for growing field crops as kind of taro.

2. the annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that step 1. in concede the land The also high forest of woods is Locust, chestnut wood, Semen Juglandis woods, mixed forest, Toxicodendron verniciflnum (Stokes) F. A. Barkley (Rhus verniciflua Stokes) woods, Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. woods, Cortex Eucommiae woods and thick Berlin.

3. the annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that step 1. described in The high forest of conceding the land to forestry be in the region of height above sea level 500-1000 rice.

4. a kind of annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step is 2. middle to be covered The measuring method of degree is to use illumination meter to measure intensity of illumination, or at noon under 12-13 point sunlight, the sun observing sylvan life is scattered Penetrate light and account for the ratio of open country.

5. a kind of annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that 2. and walk in step The most 3. between, spreading fertilizer over the fields fertilizer special for konjak 900-1275 kilogram/hectare, time point is selected in the autumn and winter the year before last of sowing.

6. the annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that step 4. described in Rhizoma amorphophalli bottom set according to weight grading, be divided into weight 20-40 gram level, weight 40-50 gram level, weight 50-70 gram level.

7. the annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that step 5. described in Biological pesticide be agricultural streptomycin or pesticide corrosion 120.

8. a kind of annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6. middle sowing Phase is that late March is to mid-April.

9. the annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that step 7. described in Chemical liquid be glyphosate.

10. the annual implantation methods of sylvan life konjac seed as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, it is characterised in that step 8. in average annual Temperature is higher than surviving the winter behind 12 DEG C of region earth mulch firmly Rhizoma amorphophalli petiole cavities, and year, samming was less than lid leaves again after 12 DEG C of region blindings Or corn stalk or mulch film survive the winter.