CN102584477B - Slowly-releasing water conservation biological organic and inorganic compound fertilizer particles and production method thereof - Google Patents
Slowly-releasing water conservation biological organic and inorganic compound fertilizer particles and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizer production, and provides slowly-releasing water conservation biological organic and inorganic compound fertilizer particles and a production method thereof. The fertilizer has the advantages of reasonable structure, unique processing technique, scientific formulation, high fertilizer effect, improved soil physical condition, convenience application, and wide application scope; high-grade bio-organic fertilizer meeting the requirements of organic agricultural vegetable, fruits or food production, or fertilizer having special functions of drought resisting, saline and alkaline resisting and continuous cropping resisting and capable of specially meeting fertilizer requirement rules of various crops can be further designed and developed. The fertilizer effect playing way in the invention is unique, and component parts such as probiotics, inorganic nutrients, regulatory factors, organic matter and the like can be respectively played in time and space. Through the design to fertilizer particle structure and formula, the advantages of organic matter, high concentration of inorganic fertilizer, slowly-releasing efficiency and the special effects of beneficial microorganisms are integrated and slowly-releasing water conservation biological organic and inorganic compound fertilizer particles can be the first choice in replacing organic and inorganic compound fertilizers, compound fertilizers and inorganic slow release fertilizers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological organic fertilizer production technical field, relate in particular to a kind of slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer grain pattern and production method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of agriculture production, the traditional agriculture of highly energy-consuming, high pollution, low output will be substituted by the ecological agriculture of high yield, low consumption, high-quality and efficient Sustainable development.
Want to reach this target, first will solve chemical fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio low, mechanized application degree is poor, repeat the fertiliser production present situations such as random fertilising, the pollution of slow-release fertilizer coating.The method that addresses this problem is except the scientific level of balance formula fertilising, raising fertilising, with regard to fertilizer self, must improve fertilizer structure and formulation, develop applied widely, nutrient utilization ratio is high, environmental pollution is low, biodegradable, can improve soil physics and biological situation, high-quality and efficient new-type fertilizer product.
Slow release fertilizer is the fertilizer that the effective nutrient of chemical fertilizer is slowly discharged, from 20th century the seventies start to occur, research and the category using are limited to the slowly-releasing aspect of nitrogen product substantially, for compound slow release fertilizer and production method thereof, are also confined to conceptual phase.
Aspect compound slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, conventionally adopt two kinds of methods to solve nitrogenous fertilizer and dissolve the problem fast, utilization ratio is low.The one, by the method for physics or chemistry, reduce the solvability of fertilizer; The 2nd, to fertilizer, put on one deck coat, one deck waterproof layer is set artificially, prevent that it from directly contacting with soil and dissolving rapidly.Above-mentioned first method and difference of the present invention are larger.The coating material usable polymers that second method adopts and sulphur dressing, inert material, polymkeric substance and sulphur dressing are due to poorly soluble, and containing water-soluble material, does not cause the exudative poor of fertilizer, and the rate of disengaging and the farm crop regulation of fertilizer requirement of nutrient are inconsistent; The carrier of inert material dressing mostly is resin, mechanical wet goods non-degradable material, as improper use, also easily causes the secondary pollution of environment; Degradable coating material is the direction of Developing.
Bio-feritlizer, chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer have formed the source of plant nutrition together, effect between the fertilizer of these three kinds of forms is to cooperatively interact but not substitute, this mutually supplementing is not only that chemical fertilizer is quantitative to be supplemented, and main be cooperation in performance and supplement.That is to say that fertilizer is by the development along with scientific and technical, progressively towards high-effect, Composite and bioid future development.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer grain pattern and production method thereof, be intended to solve organic matter particle fertilizer that prior art provides easily fragmentary, inorganic fertilizer content is low, fertilizer discharges fast, fertilizer component and pollutes and affect the problems such as microorganism growth, existing organic fertilizer product cannot integrate the high fertilizer efficiency of organic advantage, inorganics, fertilizer slow release usefulness, the special usefulness of beneficial microorganism.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer grain pattern, this compound fertilizer granule structure comprises: inner fertilizer core, middle slow release layer, outside beneficial microorganism layer;
Described inner fertilizer core is positioned at the penetralia of described compound fertilizer granule, and described middle slow release layer is positioned at the skin of described inner fertilizer core, and described outside beneficial microorganism layer is positioned at the skin of described middle slow release layer.
Further, described inner fertilizer core has individual layer to multilayer structural changes and different structure layer has heterogeneity to form and the variation of trophic function, except inorganic fertilizer composition, also can comprise organic matter, clay, water-holding agent, Auto-regulator composition;
The main component of inorganic fertilizer can be nitrogenous fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer consisting of single active ingredient, also comprise by any two or three composite fertilizer being combined in three kinds, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, can also comprise the tankage with trophic function that inorganics is main component of take in other elementary composition inorganic nutrients of calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, chlorine and enterprise produce with nutrient function; Auto-regulator comprises plant growth Auto-regulator, agricultural chemicals, humic acid, rare earth element; The raw material of fertilizer composition mainly comprises one or more organism source in bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, animal slaughtering tankage, crop material fermented product, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, plant produced waste material, also comprises in factory, take one or more sources in the tankage that organism is main component.
Further, the moiety of described middle slow release layer mainly comprises microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, binder constituents; Described outside beneficial microorganism layer comprises one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent.
Further, the first structure and the moiety of described compound fertilizer granule are as follows:
The first structure of described compound fertilizer granule and moiety are with bean pulp fermentation thing about inner fertilizer core, bone meal, fermentation of plant straws thing, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, Gourmet Powder Factory, one or more in brewery's processing waste are Source Organic Matter, further add the inorganic nitrogen of high density, phosphorus, any one in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element and Auto-regulator, tackiness agent, after mixing, inner fertilizer core composition utilize microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine to carry out marumerizer, spheroidal particle is inner fertilizer core,
The first structure and the moiety of described compound fertilizer granule also can consist of two portions about inner fertilizer core, to comprise the inorganic nitrogen of high density, phosphorus, any one in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element and Auto-regulator, tackiness agent is the kernel of main component and comprises bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, crop material fermented product, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, in plant produced waste material, one or more organic powder are attached on the skin of kernel outside, utilize granulating disc that interior nuclear composition drop is dripped and in organic dust, carries out marumerizer,
Middle slow release layer main component comprises microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, tackiness agent;
Outside beneficial microorganism layer comprises one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent;
The second structure and the moiety of described compound fertilizer granule are as follows:
The inside fertilizer core main component of the second structure of described compound fertilizer granule and moiety comprise in the inorganic N,P,K fertilizers three elements of high density any one, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, chlorine element in the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions and organic matter, Auto-regulator, tackiness agent;
The main component of middle slow release layer comprises organic matter, microbial nutrition material, water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, tackiness agent;
Outside beneficial microorganism layer comprises one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material and tackiness agent.
The production method that another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle, described the first structure and moiety biological organic fertilizer granule formulations and production method comprise the following steps:
The organic matter of biological organic fertilizer granulometric composition composition, inorganic fertilizer, Auto-regulator, clay material philosophy are pulverized and sieved;
Different types of varieties according to biological organic fertilizer particle is prepared burden;
Different moiety in biological organic fertilizer particle after proportioning is puddled evenly;
To the material mixing in biological organic fertilizer particle, utilize microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine to carry out marumerizer, and be dried, cooling process;
Or preparation comprises the inorganic nitrogen of high density, phosphorus, any one in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element and Auto-regulator, tackiness agent is the slurries of main component, utilize granulating disc comprising bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, crop material fermented product, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, granulation in one or more organic powder in plant produced waste material, and be dried, cooling process,
The surface spraying slow release layer slurries of the spherical fertilizer particle forming in organic fertilizer granulator or Spheroidgranulator marumerizer;
In slow release layer outside, be coated with beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid;
Biological organic fertilizer particle is sieved, measured and packs.
Further, described the second structure and moiety biological organic fertilizer granule formulations with the implementation method of carrying out marumerizer are:
Preparation take comprise in the inorganic N,P,K fertilizers three elements of high density any one, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, chlorine element in the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions and organic matter, Auto-regulator, the tackiness agent slurries that are main component;
Utilize granulating disc take comprise organic matter, microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, trigger agent, granulation in middle slow release layer powder that stablizer, tackiness agent are main component;
Then dry or dry, if dry, needing to carry out cooling process.
Further, the batching mixing in described compound fertilizer granule is carried out after marumerizer, and the implementation method of drying treatment is:
The fertiliser granulates that microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine forms can carry out air-dry or dry;
The fertiliser granulates that granulating disc forms will be dried, and accurately controls furnace temperature, and end flue temperature is at 180-220 ℃, and stove tail temperature is within the scope of 85-105 ℃.
Further, the batching mixing in described compound fertilizer granule carry out marumerizer, dry after, the implementation method of cooling process is:
This refrigerating work procedure be take air-cooled as main, regulates in time the height of size and the temperature of wind-force according to the humidity of finished product, guarantees that moisture content of finished products does not exceed standard, and moisture must be in 10%.
Further, in described manufacture method, the batching mixing in biological organic fertilizer particle is carried out to marumerizer, and be dried, after cooling process, further comprising the steps:
To utilize the standby dry biological organic fertilizer spherical fertilizer particle surface that comprises the first structure and moiety of microbial organic fertilizer pelleting mechanism to spray equably the slurries that one deck contains microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers the middle slow release layer composition such as agent, stablizer, tackiness agent;
By the inorganic nitrogen that comprises high density of preparing according to the second structure and moiety, phosphorus, any one in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element and Auto-regulator are that the inside fertilizer core solution of main component adds water, high calcium clay, gelatine, powdery organic matter and starch adhesive etc. are hybridly prepared into uniform slurries, utilize granulating disc at the biodegradable microbial nutrition material that contains, water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, trigger agent, stablizer, granulation in the powder of slow release layer constituent in the middle of tackiness agent, slow release layer in the middle of forming,
Method with air-cooled or airing is carried out drying treatment to the middle slow release layer of spraying;
Implementation method that further, spray after described microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine or granulating disc marumerizer or the middle slow release layer surface spraying beneficial microorganism bacterium solution that adheres to is:
Middle slow release layer outside spraying one deck of the dry spherical fertiliser granulates of preparing at microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine or granulating disc contains the beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid that one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent form.
Slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle provided by the invention, its structure is by inner fertilizer core, middle slow release layer, outside beneficial microorganism layer forms, nutrient is complete, both the nitrogen element that had contained the necessary organic and inorganic form of plant-growth, phosphoric, potassium element major fertilizer elements and other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element, also contain the regulation of plant growth and development factor and abundant organic matter, amino acid, lipid acid multiple nutrients material, scientific formulation, organic and inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, Determination of Potassium >=20% in fertilizer, contain other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the elementary composition inorganic nutrients of chlorine simultaneously, contain plant-growth regulator material, water conservation material, ensured crop nutrient supply, in fertilizer, the activity of microbial bacteria can be killed the pernicious bacteria in soil, promote conversion and the absorption of nitrogen phosphorus potassium, for plant growth provides a good edatope, this compound fertilizer granule forms by three layers, rational in infrastructure, various fertilizer usefulness is brought into play in proper order, first be that beneficial microbe colony discharges, kill crop root harmful microorganism around, promote Nitrogen In Soils, phosphorus, the absorption of potassium, secondly a large amount of inorganic states and nutritive element and the Auto-regulator of organic constantly discharge, supplement the required nutrient of Crop development, finally because middle slow release layer is degradable, organic matter discharges, further improve Soil structure and physical environment, both be that this season crop is effective, simultaneously for next in season crop better edatope is provided.This slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is high, function complete, use convenience, both nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements and other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the elementary composition inorganic nutrients of chlorine that had contained the necessary organic and inorganic form of plant-growth, meet crop growth demand, meet fertilizer performance requirement, do not need additionally to use again other fertilizer; Meanwhile, water-holding agent is conducive to improve the drought-resistant ability of crop, and Auto-regulator is conducive to crop to be resisted disease and pest, drought injury and even injures, and has possessed property.Use Shi Jike and make base manure or topdress, according to the different soils situation difference fertilising of different areas; All right seed manure mixed seeding, meets the requirement of new technology in crop production; This fertilizer is applied widely, has both been applicable to apple, strawberry, great Jiang, date cash crop, is also applicable to peanut, soybean, wheat, corn, rice field crop; Also can be developed further into as high-grade fertilizer, be applicable to the demand that Organic farming is produced; Still can be developed into the fertilizer of features, possess drought-resistant ability, resistance to continuous cropping ability or be specially adapted for the extraordinary fertilizer of Different Crop demand.This fertilizer effect of increasing production is obvious, can improve soil physical state, overcome organic matter particle fertilizer easily fragmentary, inorganic fertilizer content is low, fertilizer discharges shortcoming fast, that microorganism growth is polluted and affected to fertilizer component.By the design to fertiliser granulates structure, the high fertilizer efficiency of organic advantage, inorganics, fertilizer slow release usefulness, the special usefulness of beneficial microorganism are integrated, be one of selection of alternative composite fertilizer, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, inorganic slow-release fertilizer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the first moiety of the slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle that provides of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the second moiety of the slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle that provides of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schema of the production method of the slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle that provides of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the production scheme of the slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle that provides of the embodiment of the present invention while adopting the first moiety;
Fig. 5 is the production scheme of the slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle that provides of the embodiment of the present invention while adopting the second moiety.
In figure: 1, inner fertilizer core; 2, middle slow release layer; 3, outside beneficial microorganism layer.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, and be not used in restriction invention.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the structure of the slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle that the embodiment of the present invention provides.For convenience of explanation, only show part related to the present invention.
This compound fertilizer granule comprises: inner fertilizer core 1, middle slow release layer 2, outside beneficial microorganism layer 3;
Inner fertilizer core 1 is positioned at the penetralia of biological organic fertilizer particle, and middle slow release layer 2 is positioned at the skin of inner fertilizer core 1, the skin of slow release layer 2 in the middle of outside beneficial microorganism layer 3 is positioned at.
In embodiments of the present invention, inner fertilizer core 1 has individual layer to multilayered structure and different structure layer, to have the variation of different constituents, take in nitrogen element, phosphoric, potassium element a kind of, two or three be inorganic fertilizer main component, also comprise other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, elementary composition inorganic nutrients and the organic compound composition of chlorine;
The main component of inorganic fertilizer changes nitrogenous fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer that comprises that single active ingredient forms, also comprise by any two kinds of combinations and three kinds of composite fertilizers that composition forms in three kinds, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, also comprise the tankage that inorganics nutrition is main component of take of inorganic nutrients that other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, chlorine are elementary composition and other plant produced; In the Main change of inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer compound composition, except the main component of the inorganic fertilizer enumerated changes, fertilizer composition source mainly includes machine thing fermented product, the tankage that the organism of take in bone meal, natural pond slag, animal excrement fermented product, organic refuse fermentation thing, crop material fermented product, brewery, Gourmet Powder Factory, grain processing plant is main component, comprise that the organic materials combination of single one or more changes.
In embodiments of the present invention, middle slow release layer 2 is quick release for delaying high density inorganic salt composition to beneficial microorganism and does the injury of deposits yields, more can mate the release of fertilizer component and the demand of crop growth, the moiety of middle slow release layer 2 mainly comprises microbial nutrition material, water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, tackiness agent.
In embodiments of the present invention, the first moiety of biological organic fertilizer particle is as follows:
Inner fertilizer core 1 is with bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, fermentation of plant straws thing, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, Gourmet Powder Factory, one or more in brewery and grain processing plant's processing waste are organism source, further add the inorganic nitrogen of high density, phosphorus, a kind of in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and one or more other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients that chlorine is elementary composition, Auto-regulator, tackiness agent,
Middle slow release layer 2 main components comprise microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, trigger agent, stablizer, tackiness agent, and middle slow release layer 2 is thinner;
Outside beneficial microorganism layer 3 comprises one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent.
In embodiments of the present invention, the second moiety of biological organic fertilizer particle is as follows:
The main component of inner fertilizer core 1 comprise in the inorganic N,P,K fertilizers three elements of high density a kind of, two or three and the elementary composition inorganic nutrients of one or more other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, chlorine, organic matter, Auto-regulator, tackiness agent etc.;
The main component of middle slow release layer 2 comprises organic matter, microbial nutrition material, water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, tackiness agent, and organic ratio is high, and middle slow release layer 2 is thick;
Outside beneficial microorganism layer 3 comprises one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent.
Fig. 3 shows the realization flow of the production method of the slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
This production method comprises the following steps:
In step S301, corresponding organic matter, inorganic salt, clay material in biological organic fertilizer particle are pulverized respectively and sieved;
In step S302, according to the different types of varieties of biological organic fertilizer particle, prepare burden;
In step S303, different moiety in the biological organic fertilizer particle after proportioning is puddled evenly;
In step S304, to the batching mixing in biological organic fertilizer particle, utilize microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine to carry out marumerizer, and be dried, cooling process.
Can prepare the inorganic nitrogen that comprises high density in embodiments of the present invention, phosphorus, a kind of in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and one or more other other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients that chlorine is elementary composition, Auto-regulator, tackiness agents etc. are the slurries of main component, utilize granulating disc comprising bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, crop material fermented product, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, Gourmet Powder Factory, brewery, grain processing plant is made as granulation in one or more organic powder such as main component processing waste with organic, and be dried, cooling process,
In step S305, the biodegradable middle slow release layer of surface spraying of spherical fertilizer particle after marumerizer is processed, and carry out drying treatment; At middle slow release layer outside spraying one deck beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid;
In step S306, biological organic fertilizer particle is sieved, measured and packs.
In embodiments of the present invention, the second structure and moiety biological organic fertilizer granule formulations with the implementation method of carrying out marumerizer are:
Preparation take comprise in the inorganic N,P,K fertilizers three elements of high density any one, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, chlorine element in the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions and organic matter, Auto-regulator, the tackiness agent slurries that are main component;
Utilize granulating disc take comprise organic matter, microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, trigger agent, granulation in middle slow release layer powder that stablizer, tackiness agent are main component;
Then dry or dry, if dry, needing to carry out cooling process.
In embodiments of the present invention, the batching mixing in compound fertilizer granule is carried out after marumerizer, and the implementation method of drying treatment is:
The fertiliser granulates that microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine forms can carry out air-dry or dry;
The fertiliser granulates that granulating disc forms will be dried, and accurately controls furnace temperature, and end flue temperature is at 180-220 ℃, and stove tail temperature is within the scope of 85-105 ℃.
In embodiments of the present invention, the batching mixing in compound fertilizer granule carry out marumerizer, dry after, the implementation method of cooling process is:
This refrigerating work procedure be take air-cooled as main, regulates in time the height of size and the temperature of wind-force according to the humidity of finished product, guarantees that moisture content of finished products does not exceed standard, and moisture must be in 10%.
In embodiments of the present invention, in manufacture method, the batching mixing in biological organic fertilizer particle is carried out to marumerizer, and be dried, after cooling process, further comprising the steps:
To utilize the standby dry biological organic fertilizer spherical fertilizer particle surface that comprises the first structure and moiety of microbial organic fertilizer pelleting mechanism to spray equably the slurries that one deck contains microbial nutrition material, water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers the middle slow release layer composition such as agent, stablizer, tackiness agent;
By the inorganic nitrogen that comprises high density of preparing according to the second structure and moiety, phosphorus, any one in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element and Auto-regulator are that the inside fertilizer core solution of main component adds water, high calcium clay, gelatine, powdery organic matter and starch adhesive etc. are hybridly prepared into uniform slurries, utilize granulating disc at the biodegradable microbial nutrition material that contains, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, trigger agent, stablizer, granulation in the powder of slow release layer constituent in the middle of tackiness agent, slow release layer in the middle of forming, the particle outside forming does not need to spray the slurries of middle slow release layer composition,
Method with air-cooled or airing is carried out drying treatment to the middle slow release layer of spraying;
Implementation method that spray after microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine or granulating disc marumerizer in embodiments of the present invention, or the middle slow release layer surface spraying beneficial microorganism bacterium solution that adheres to is:
Middle slow release layer outside spraying one deck of the dry spherical fertiliser granulates of preparing at microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine or granulating disc contains the beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid that one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent form.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.
The compound fertilizer granule that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises inner fertilizer core 1, middle slow release layer 2, outside beneficial microorganism layer 3 three part, and its peripheral beneficial microorganism layer 3 is containing one or more beneficial microorganisms.
Inner fertilizer core 1 is for can there be individual layer to multilayered structure and different structure layer to have the variations such as different constituents, if one of inner fertilizer core 1 is with bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, fermentation of plant straws thing, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, Gourmet Powder Factory, brewery, grain processing plant's organic matter be the processing waste of main component etc. one or more be organism source, further add the inorganic nitrogen of high density, phosphorus, a kind of in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element, add Auto-regulator, add the tackiness agents such as clay and carry out mixing granulation, as two of inner fertilizer core 1 being inorganic nitrogens with high density, phosphorus, a kind of in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element, coordinate Auto-regulator, the components utilising granulating discs such as tackiness agent are with bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, fermentation of plant straws thing, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, Gourmet Powder Factory, brewery, grain processing plant's organic matter is granulation in one or more organic powder that are Source Organic Matter such as the processing waste of main component.
Middle slow release layer 2 is to discharge fast beneficial microorganism and the injury of making deposits yields for delaying the compositions such as high density inorganic salt, more can mate the release of fertilizer component and the demand of crop growth, composition comprises microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers the compositions such as agent, stablizer, tackiness agent; One of middle slow release layer 2 structures are for one of inner fertilizer core 1, main component is microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, tackiness agent etc., and slow release layer is thinner; Another kind is for two of inner fertilizer core 1, main component is organic matter, microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, tackiness agent etc., organic ratio is high, slowly-releasing bed thickness.
Outside beneficial microorganism layer 3 is to be formed by the solution spraying that contains the compositions such as one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of quick-acting, slowly-releasing and long-acting function of integrating, structure design and the production technique thereof of the effective constituent slowly-releasing water-maintaining biologic organic, inorganic composite particles fertilizer products such as organic, inorganic nutrients and microorganism probiotic.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The slowly-releasing water-maintaining biologic organic, inorganic composite granulated fertilizer product structure design that the embodiment of the present invention is passed through comprise inner fertilizer core 1, tundish be rolled in slow release layer 2 in the middle of inner fertilizer core 1 outside biodegradable and be positioned in the middle of the outside beneficial microorganism layer 3 (containing multiple beneficial microorganism) of slow release layer 2 outsides.
Inner fertilizer core 1 is for can there be individual layer to multilayered structure and different structure layer to have the variations such as different constituents, and one of inner fertilizer core can comprise bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, the fermented products such as straw, animal excrement fermented product (or puff), organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, wood working field tankage fermented product, Gourmet Powder Factory, brewery and grain processing plant's organic matter be the processing waste of main component etc. one or more be organism source, comprise by ammonium hydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, Repone K, urea, the Multiple components proportionings such as calcium superphosphate form reaches different concns inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassic fertilizer three elements and other one or more calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganics source that the elementary composition inorganic nutrients of chlorine form, comprises biodegradable water-holding agent, comprises interpolation humic acid, agricultural chemicals, the Auto-regulators such as plant-growth regulator, comprise high calcium clay, gelatine, the ancillary components such as tackiness agent such as starch adhesive.Each composition carries out granulation after pulverizing, mixing by a certain percentage above;
Two of inner fertilizer core 1 fertilizer core constituent is by ammonium hydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, Repone K, urea, the Multiple components proportionings such as calcium superphosphate form reaches different concns inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassic fertilizer three elements and other polycalcium elements, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganics source that chlorine element forms, comprise interpolation humic acid, agricultural chemicals, the Auto-regulators such as plant-growth regulator, comprise organic matter, high calcium clay, gelatine, the ancillary components such as tackiness agent such as starch adhesive.Above composition is dissolved in water, mixes preparation and claim slurries, utilize granulating disc in organic powder, to carry out granulation.
In the middle of biodegradable, slow release layer 2 is to discharge fast beneficial microorganism and the injury of making deposits yields for delaying the compositions such as high density inorganic salt, more can mate the release of fertilizer component and the demand of crop growth, composition comprises microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers the compositions such as agent, stablizer, tackiness agent.
In the middle of biodegradable, one of slow release layer 2 structures are one of inside fertilizer core 1 providing for the embodiment of the present invention, main component is microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, tackiness agent etc., and slow release layer is thinner.
Two of middle slow release layer 2 structures that the embodiment of the present invention provides are two of inside fertilizer core 1 of providing for the embodiment of the present invention, main component is organic dry powder, microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggers agent, stablizer, tackiness agent etc., organic ratio is high, slowly-releasing bed thickness.
The outside beneficial microorganism layer 3 that the embodiment of the present invention provides is to be formed by the solution spraying that contains the compositions such as one or more beneficial microorganisms (comprising the multiple-microorganisms such as vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria), microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent.
The technical characterstic of the biological organic fertilizer particle that the embodiment of the present invention provides:
1, nutrient is complete:
Both contain the N,P,K fertilizers three elements of the necessary organic and inorganic form of plant-growth and other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, elementary composition macroelement and the trace element of chlorine, also contained the multiple nutrients materials such as abundant organic matter, amino acid, lipid acid;
2, scientific formulation:
Organic and inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content >=20% in fertilizer, contain other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, elementary composition macroelement and the trace element of chlorine simultaneously, contain plant-growth regulator material, biodegradable water-holding agent, ensured crop nutrient supply; Meanwhile, in fertilizer, beneficial microorganism activity can be killed the pernicious bacteria in soil, promotes conversion and the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, for crop provides a good living environment;
3, fertilizer structure is reasonable:
This product fertiliser granulates has three layers of formation, and rational in infrastructure, fertilizer efficiency is brought into play in proper order; First be that beneficial microbe colony discharges, kill crop root harmful microorganism around, promote the absorption of Nitrogen In Soils, phosphorus, potassium; Secondly a large amount of nutritive element and Auto-regulators constantly discharges, and supplements the required nutrient of Crop development; Finally, because middle slow release layer 2 is degradable, organic matter discharges, and further improves Soil structure and physical environment, has been both that this season crop is effective, simultaneously for next in season crop better edatope is provided.
4, fertilizer efficiency is high, function is complete:
This product had both contained the N,P,K fertilizers three elements of the necessary organic and inorganic form of plant-growth and other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, elementary composition macroelement and the trace element of chlorine, meet crop growth demand, do not need additionally to use again other fertilizer; This product contains biodegradable water-holding agent, is conducive to improve the drought-resistant ability of crop; This product contains the plant growth regulating factor, is conducive to crop and resists disease and pest and connect and injure etc.
5, use conveniently:
Can make base manure or topdress, fertilising is taken the circumstances into consideration in different areas; Simultaneously can also seed manure mixed seeding.
6, applied widely:
Both be applicable to the cash crop such as apple, strawberry, great Jiang, date, be also applicable to the field crops such as peanut, soybean, wheat, corn, paddy rice.
7, further DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT is large:
Can be developed further into as high-grade fertilizer, be applicable to the demand of pollution-free vegetable or crop; Also can be developed to the fertilizer of features, possess drought-resistant ability, resistance to continuous cropping ability or be specially adapted for the extraordinary fertilizer of various crops.
Through a large amount of field experiments, prove, Different Crop effect of increasing production is reached to 5%～30%, can improve soil simultaneously.
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the slowly-releasing water-maintaining biologic organic, inorganic composite granulated fertilizer production technique that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises following operation: pulverize, prepare burden, puddle, granulation, oven dry (air-dry or dry), cooling (if dry, needing), spray film, air-dry, spray bacterium, air-dry, screening, metering and packing;
1, powder is liquor-saturated: the materials such as corresponding organic matter, inorganic salt, clay are pulverized and sieved.
2, batching: the different compositions such as organic matter, inorganic salt, conditioning agent, water-holding agent, clay are carried out to proportioning according to the type difference of fertilizer variety according to the moiety of one of inner fertilizer core 1; Two the moiety according to inner fertilizer core 1 is carried out proportioning by different compositions such as organic matter, inorganic salt, humic acid, conditioning agent, clays according to the type difference of fertilizer variety.
3, puddle: by one of inner fertilizer core 1 or two material mixing even.
4, granulation: utilize microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine that the batching mixing of one of inner fertilizer core 1 is carried out to marumerizer, then dry or dry, cooling (if dry need); Two the batching mixing of inner fertilizer core 1 is added to a certain proportion of water or is hybridly prepared into slurries by high calcium clay, gelatine and starch adhesive; utilize the granulation in the pulvis of two Related Components that contain the structures such as biodegradable middle slow release layer 2 biodegradable water-holding agents of improved granulating disc, form spherical fertilizer particle.
5, dry (dry, air-dry or dry): the fertiliser granulates that microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine forms can carry out air-dry or dry; The fertiliser granulates that granulating disc forms will be dried, and accurately controls furnace temperature, and end flue temperature is at 180-220 ℃, within the scope of 85-105 ℃, stove tail, has no special requirements.
6, cooling: this operation be take air-cooled as main, according to the humidity of finished product (note: moisture content must in 10%), regulate in time the height of size and the temperature of wind-force, guarantee that finished product moisture content does not exceed standard.
7, spray film: will utilize the standby dry spherical fertilizer particle surface spraying one deck that comprises one of inner fertilizer core 1 composition of microbial organic fertilizer pelleting mechanism to contain uniformly the slurries of the binary of biodegradable middle slow release layer 2 structures; Granulating disc is starched the middle slow release layer that granulation forms spherical fertilizer particle in the pulvis of two Related Components that contain structures such as having biodegradable slow release layer, biodegradable water-holding agent, and the method does not need to spray membrane process.
8, dry (air-dry): the method with air-cooled or airing is dried being coated with the fertiliser granulates of the slurries of the binary that contains structures such as having biodegradable middle slow release layer 2 and biodegradable water-holding agent, to enter next process.Granulating disc spray granulating in the pulvis of two Related Components that contain structures such as having biodegradable middle slow release layer 2 and biodegradable water-holding agent forms spherical fertilizer particle does not need air-dry operation.
9, spray bacterium: in the pulvis of two Related Components that containing slow release layer structure of preparing at the standby dry spherical fertilizer particle surface that comprises one of inner fertilizer core 1 composition of microbial organic fertilizer pelleting mechanism or granulating disc, spray granulating forms spherical fertilizer particle surface spraying one deck and contains the beneficial microorganism bacterium liquid that one-tenth such as one or more beneficial microorganisms (comprising the multiple-microorganisms such as vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria), microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent are grouped into and spray.
10, screening: screening personnel should constantly beat sieve in time, and check finished particle degree of uniformity.
11, metering and packing: finished product accurate measurement, guarantees that every bag of net weight is within the error allowing; In the person of being packaged into when packing,, conscientiously check that woven bag has or not inner bag, has or not breakage, and during seam bag, line must be straight, and 5 centimetres of line-spacing sacks are advisable, and every bag of finished product must be put into conformity certification at sack place.
The slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer particle that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by inner fertilizer core 1, middle slow release layer 2, outside beneficial microorganism layer 3, formed, nutrient is complete, both contain the N,P,K fertilizers three elements of the necessary organic and inorganic form of plant-growth and other calcium constituents, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, elementary composition macroelement and the trace element of chlorine, also contained abundant organic matter, amino acid, lipid acid multiple nutrients material, scientific formulation, organic and inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content >=20% in fertilizer, contain other macroelement and trace element simultaneously, contain plant-growth regulator material, water conservation material, ensured crop nutrient supply, in fertilizer, the activity of microbial bacteria can be killed the pernicious bacteria in soil, promote conversion and the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, for biological bacteria provides a good competitive environment, fertilizer structure is reasonable, this compound fertilizer granule forms by three layers, rational in infrastructure, fertilizer efficiency is brought into play in proper order, first be that beneficial microbe colony discharges in soil, kill crop root harmful microorganism around, promote the absorption of Nitrogen In Soils phosphorus potassium, secondly a large amount of nutritive element and Auto-regulators constantly discharges, supplement the required nutrient of Crop development, finally because middle slow release layer 2 is degradable, organic matter discharges, further improve Soil structure and physical environment, both be that this season crop is effective, simultaneously for next in season crop better edatope is provided, fertilizer efficiency is high, function is complete, both the N,P,K fertilizers three elements and other macroelement and the trace element that had contained the necessary organic and inorganic form of plant-growth, meet crop growth demand, do not need additionally to use again other fertilizer, water-holding agent is conducive to improve the drought-resistant ability of crop, and growth regulator is conducive to crop to be resisted arid, salt marsh, disease and pest and even injures, and uses conveniently, can make base manure or topdress, fertilising is taken the circumstances into consideration in different areas, simultaneously all right seed manure mixed seeding, applied widely, be both applicable to apple, strawberry, great Jiang, date cash crop, be also applicable to peanut, soybean, wheat, corn, rice field crop, can be developed further into as high-grade fertilizer, be applicable to the demand of pollution-free vegetable or crop, also can be developed into the fertilizer of features, possesses drought-resistant ability, resistance to continuous cropping ability or be specially adapted for the extraordinary fertilizer of Different Crop, to crop yield successful, can improve soil simultaneously, overcome organic matter particle fertilizer easily fragmentary, inorganic fertilizer content is low, fertilizer discharges fast, the shortcoming of microorganism growth is polluted and affected to fertilizer component, by the design to fertiliser granulates structure, by organic advantage, the high fertilizer efficiency of inorganics, fertilizer slow release usefulness, the special usefulness of beneficial microorganism integrates, that alternative composite is fertile, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, one of selection of inorganic slow-release fertilizer.
These are only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention; all any modifications that relates to fertilizer structure, production technique and composition of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, same replacement and improvement, within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a slowly-releasing water-maintaining biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer grain pattern, is characterized in that, this compound fertilizer granule structure consists of inner fertilizer core, middle slow release layer, outside beneficial microorganism layer;
Described inner fertilizer core is positioned at the penetralia of described compound fertilizer granule, and described middle slow release layer is positioned at the skin of described inner fertilizer core, and described outside beneficial microorganism layer is positioned at the skin of described middle slow release layer;
The first structure and the moiety of described compound fertilizer granule are as follows:
The first structure of described compound fertilizer granule and moiety are with bean pulp fermentation thing about inner fertilizer core, bone meal, fermentation of plant straws thing, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, biogas pond slag, Gourmet Powder Factory, one or more in brewery's processing waste are organism source, further add the inorganic nitrogen of high density, phosphorus, potassic fertilizer three elements and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element and Auto-regulator, tackiness agent, after mixing, inner fertilizer core composition utilize microbial organic fertilizer pelleting machine to carry out marumerizer, spheroidal particle is inner fertilizer core,
The first structure and the moiety of described compound fertilizer granule also can consist of two portions about inner fertilizer core, inorganic nitrogen with high density, phosphorus, any one in potassic fertilizer three elements, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, the inorganic nutrients of one or more compositions in chlorine element and Auto-regulator, the kernel that tackiness agent forms, with bean pulp fermentation thing, bone meal, crop material fermented product, animal excrement fermented product, organic garbage of city fermented product, in the slag of biogas pond, the organic powder of one or more compositions is attached on the skin of kernel, utilize granulating disc that interior nuclear composition drop is dripped and in organic powder, carries out marumerizer,
Middle slow release layer composition consists of microbial nutrition material, water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggering agent, stablizer, tackiness agent;
External microbial layer is comprised of one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material, tackiness agent;
The second structure and the moiety of described compound fertilizer granule are as follows:
The inside fertilizer core composition of the second structure of described compound fertilizer granule and moiety in the inorganic N,P,K fertilizers three elements of high density any one, two or three and calcium constituent, magnesium elements, element sulphur, ferro element, manganese element, copper, zinc element, boron, molybdenum element, chlorine element in one or more inorganic nutrients that form and organic matter, Auto-regulator, tackiness agent form;
The composition of middle slow release layer consists of organic matter, microbial nutrition material, biodegradable water-holding agent, biodegradable membrane-forming agent, biodegradable linking agent, triggering agent, stablizer, tackiness agent;
Outside beneficial microorganism layer consists of one or more beneficial microorganisms, microbial nutrition material and tackiness agent.
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| CN114751787A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-15 | 漳州三炬生物技术有限公司 | Large-particle composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117481007B (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-05-07 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Water, fertilizer and salt integrated efficient cultivation technology for cotton in arid region through drip irrigation |
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| JP2011178650A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-09-15 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Method for producing coated granular water-soluble substance |
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| CN101054314A (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2007-10-17 | 王怀欣 | Composite organism slow release fertilizer product and producing method |
| CN102093118A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Special fertilizer for corn with water holding and soil improvement effects and preparation thereof |
| CN102180731A (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2011-09-14 | 成都正光投资集团有限公司 | Polymer emulsion coated slow release fertilizer taking nanomaterial as carrier and preparation method thereof |
| CN102276356A (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2011-12-14 | 广西田园生化股份有限公司 | Stable controlled release particle pesticide-containing fertilizer |
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