CN102524049A - Bee attractant and method for field seed production and bee pollination of soybean hybrids - Google Patents
Bee attractant and method for field seed production and bee pollination of soybean hybrids Download PDFInfo
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- CN102524049A CN102524049A CN 201110443277 CN201110443277A CN102524049A CN 102524049 A CN102524049 A CN 102524049A CN 201110443277 CN201110443277 CN 201110443277 CN 201110443277 A CN201110443277 A CN 201110443277A CN 102524049 A CN102524049 A CN 102524049A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bee attractant and a method for field seed production and pollination of soybean hybrids. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting a field which is suitable for the growth of soybeans, duly sowing the soybean hybrids, and intercropping male parents and female parents across ridges; selecting a required amount of healthy pollination swarm within 5 to 7 days before pollination, and transporting into the field of the soybeans at the early flowering stage of the soybeans; feeding attractant syrup within 1 hour before the bee attractant is sprayed everyday or every other day in the seed production field of the soybean hybrids which just blossom; spraying the bee attractant on leaves of hybrid soybean plants of the male parents and the female parents in 1 to 5 ridges of field across 1 to 5 ridges of field every 1 to 3 days so as to ensure that bees are attracted into the field and fall down to the leaves of the hybrid soybean plants to eat the syrup; spraying the attractant on two sides of stalks of the hybrid soybean plants to attract the bees to fall down to hybrid soybeans to collect so as to pollinate the hybrid soybeans; and stopping spraying the bee attractant in rainy days, and restoring the spray when the weather gets better so as to maintain the attractant which can meet the requirements in the field. The attractant is obtained by mixing a honeycomb liquid, a flower aroma imitation liquid and syrup in a proportion and diluting by using quantitative cold boiled water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the honeybee attractant and be used for the method that soybean hybridizes the field seed production and pollination
Background technology
soybean is a self-pollinated plant, just can normally not bear pods through insect pollination.But hybrid soybean seeds must be solid through artificial pollination or insect pollination ability, and the Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science increases production more than 20% the raising the output 30～50% that has through the hybrid soybean seeds of seed selection for many years than common soybeans.Hybrid soybean seeds is that the soya cells matter male sterile line by different cultivars is maternal, and the soybean of different cultivars recovers system or maintenance line is a male parent, combines through hybridization.Yet the soybean hybridization pollination is the bottleneck of puzzlement hybrid soybean seeds field production of hybrid seeds key technology, and hybrid soybean seeds can not large tracts of land be promoted.Therefore solve the task of top priority that the soybean hybridization pollination has become the hybrid soybean seeds seeding technique.
Honeybee is outstanding Pollinating Insect, but honeybee dislikes interviewing big Tofu pudding, because soybean nectar, pollen are few, fragrance of a flower smell is low, and is little to the honeybee attraction, and therefore, to come be the hybrid soybean seeds pollination for the method for other crops pollination to use honeybee, and effect is undesirable
Summary of the invention
the object of the invention is in order to solve the technical problem that exists in the production of hybrid seeds of hybrid soybean seeds field; A kind of honeybee attractant is provided and is used for hybrid soybean seeds field seed production and pollination method; To be suitable for the production of hybrid seeds of hybrid soybean seeds field; Improve hybrid soybean seeds output, further apply in the production field.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of honeybee attractant, mix with syrup 5.0 ~ 10 ㎏ that the white sugar of equivalent boils by honeycomb liquid 7.0～15 ㎏, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0 ㎏, water, and add cold water 70～85.5 ㎏ dilution again and form; The preparation method of above-mentioned honeybee attractant, be made up of following process and step:
The preparation of
(1) described honeycomb extract; Get honeybee nest spleen 1 ㎏, be cut into fragment, add the ethanol 1000ml of volume 75%; Airtight immersion 72h; After filtering with 100 order gauzes, it is for use to collect the broken honeycomb of filter residue, and it is filtrated and under 50 ℃ of vacuum 0.095Mpa, is concentrated into 25% the honeycomb liquid that water content is a volume; Take the broken honeycomb after alcohol extract filters, add entry 1500ml, under 85～95 ℃ of stirrings, be concentrated to 800ml, stop heating, remove the beeswax that solidify on top after the cooling, filter with 100 order gauzes, waste is collected honeycomb liquid; The honeycomb liquid mixing of above-mentioned extracted twice is obtained honeycomb liquid.
The preparation of
(2) described imitative fragrance of a flower liquid; Get smart 2.5～5.0 ㎏ of pollen, evening primrose oil 2.5～5.0 ㎏, orange oil 2.5～5.0 ㎏, perilla herb oil 2.5～5.0 ㎏ mixings are contained in the bottle, add ethanol 80～90 ml of volume 50%～75% again, and its mixing is formulated.
(3) are got honeycomb liquid 7.0～15 ㎏, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0 ㎏, water and are mixed with syrup 5.0 ~ 10 ㎏ that the white sugar of equivalent boils, add cold water 70～85.5 ㎏ again and dilute, and make described honeybee attractant.
, be used for the method for hybrid soybean seeds field production of hybrid seeds honeybee pollination like above-mentioned honeybee attractant, form by following process and step:
(1) honeybee pollination hybrid soybean field is selected
according to regional climatic condition, selects to be suitable for the field of soybeans they grow, by the normal field management hybrid soybean seeds of beginning sowing in good time, and implements to plant at a distance between ridge between male parent, the female parent.
(2) the pollination bee colony is selected
The pollination bee colony is selected in
in the bee colony of normal breeding, the pollination bee colony will reach 8 frame honeybees, 7 crowd's gesture that sub-spleen is above; Wherein, it is several about 30% that foraging bee accounts for full crowd honeybee, and house bee accounts for about 70%; Bee colony is healthy, non-communicable disease, no swarming fever.
(3) the pollination bee colony is transported soybeans
The pollination bee colony that
the soybean blossoming initial stage will be selected is transported the hybrid soybean seeds seed farm, and per hectare is placed 3 ~ 6 groups in pollination bee colony.
(4) the honeybee attractant of spraying, feed
between the hybrid soybean seeds seed farm of just having bloomed, every day or sprayed the attractant syrup of feeding preceding 1 hour implementing the honeybee attractant every other day; 1 ~ 5 ridge ground, per 1 ~ 3 day interval, the male parent in 1 ~ 5 ridge ground, hybridization of female parent soybean plant strain foliar spray mist honeybee attractant are introduced soybeans with honeybee, and honeybee is dropped on the attractant syrup of searching for food on the hybrid soybean plants leaf gradually; To hybrid soybean strain stalk two side spray honeybee attractants, lure honeybee to fall on the hybrid soybean and gather again, thereby be the hybrid soybean pollination; Overcast and rainy stopping to be sprayed; Recover spraying honeybee attractant after weather takes a turn for the better at once, be enough to satisfied attractant of luring the honeybee needs to keep the field to have.
(5) soybean florescence finishes, the honeybee attractant that stops to spray, and the bee colony that will pollinate is withdrawn hybrid soybean production of hybrid seeds ground.
The present invention compared with prior art has following remarkable result:
1) to be used for luring the apis mellifera of raising or honeybee be that hybrid soybean seeds field seed production and pollination has been opened up a brand-new road to the honeybee attractant of the present invention exploitation.
) the present invention can make the hybrid soybean seeds production of hybrid seeds rate of bearing pods reach (comparing with autophilous male parent) 78.9 %～87.8%; The hybrid soybean seeds output that is applied in the production improves 17.7～49%; And advanced that hybrid soybean seeds is bred, the production of hybrid seeds and apply producing Tanaka, demonstrate obvious social and ecological benefits.
) the honeybee attractant researchs and develops successfully, makes full use of honeybee and hybrid soybean seeds biological property separately, brought into play the effect that cellular resources and imitative fragrance of a flower information are induced honeybee, makes the pollination honeybee be adapted to be hybrid soybean seeds field seed production and pollination, and is basic
OnBroken through the bottleneck of restriction hybrid soybean field seed production and pollination technology.
) honeybee attractant employing nonhazardous natural material; For the honeybee attractant is used in hybrid soybean field seed production and pollination, ripe complete honeybee attractant prescription and manufacturing condition thereof is provided, efficient is high; Pollution-free, to people and honeybee safety.
) honeybee attractant first Application pollinates between the hybrid soybean seeds seed farm; Solve honeybee and disliked interviewing big Tofu pudding; The difficult problem that pollination efficiency is low; Giving full play to the advantage of utilizing abundant honeybee resource pollination, is to hybrid soybean seeds seed selection, the land for growing field crops production of hybrid seeds, promotes the use of a revolution of soybean field planting.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: honeybee attractant and preparation method thereof
(1) honeybee attractant mixes honeycomb liquid 7.0～15kg, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0kg, water with syrup 5.0 ~ 10kg that the white sugar of equivalent boils, add cold water 70～85.5kg dilution again and form.
(2) preparation of honeybee attractant, form by following process and step:
1) honeycomb liquid extracts: extract by following process and step:
Honeybee nest spleen 1 ㎏ is 1. got in
, is cut into fragment, adds the ethanol 1000ml of volume 75%; Airtight immersion 72h; After filtering with 100 order gauzes, collect filter residue honeycomb fragment, filtrate and under 50 ℃ of vacuum 0.095Mpa, be concentrated into 25% the honeycomb liquid that water content is a volume.
The honeycomb fragment after alcohol extract filters is 2. taken in
, adds running water 1500ml, under 85～95 ℃ of stirrings, is concentrated to 800ml, stops heating, removes the beeswax of surface solidification after the cooling, filters with 100 order gauzes, and waste is collected liquid.
The honeycomb liquid mixing that 1., 2. 3. extract above-mentioned steps
obtains honeycomb liquid.
) allotment of imitative fragrance of a flower liquid: with the smart 2.5～5.0kg of pollen, evening primrose oil 2.5～5.0kg, orange oil 2.5～5.0kg, perilla herb oil 2.5～5.0kg mixing are contained in the bottle, add ethanol 80～90 ml of volume 50%～75% again, with its mixing;
3) get honeycomb liquid 7.0～15 ㎏, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0 ㎏, water and mix, add cold water 70～85.5 ㎏ again and dilute, make described honeybee attractant with syrup 5.0 ~ 10 ㎏ that the white sugar of equivalent boils.
Embodiment 2: the method that is used for hybrid soybean seeds field seed production and pollination like above-mentioned honeybee attractant
1) select between honeybee pollination hybrid soybean seed farm:
are according to regional climatic condition; Select to be fit to the field of soybeans they grow; The hybrid soybean seeds of beginning sowing in good time, and implement normal field management, the rational application of fertilizer, pour water, insect protected, shovel time etc.; Guarantee that soybean is not influenced by damage by disease and insect, severe drought etc., keep the normal growing way of soybean.The production of hybrid seeds of hybrid soybean seeds field is according to planting between 1 ridge male parent → 1 ridge or the maternal separated ridge of 2 ridges, and promptly 1 ridge male parent → 1 ridge or 2 ridges female parent → 1 ridge male parent → 1 ridge or 2 ridges are maternal, by that analogy.
) pollination bee colony selected:
The pollination bee colony is selected in
before pollination 5 ~ 7 days in the bee colony of normal breeding, the pollination bee colony will reach 8 frame honeybees, 7 crowd's gesture that sub-spleen is above; Wherein, it is several about 30% that foraging bee accounts for full crowd honeybee, and house bee accounts for about 70%; Bee colony is healthy, non-communicable disease, no swarming fever.
) the soybean blossoming initial stage pollination bee colony that will select transport the hybrid soybean seeds seed farm, per hectare ground is placed 3～6 groups.
Spraying, the honeybee attractant of feeding are implemented in
: in the field of the hybrid soybean seeds production of hybrid seeds of blooming, every day or every other day preceding about 1 hour of spraying honeybee attractant, be the bee colony attractant syrup of feeding; Spraying honeybee attractant on the hybrid soybean plants leaf then, per 1～3 day 1～5 ridge spraying honeybee attractant, 1～5 ridge is at interval introduced soybeans with honeybee, and honeybee is dropped on the attractant syrup of searching for food on the hybrid soybean plants leaf gradually; To hybrid soybean strain stalk two side spray honeybee attractants, lure honeybee to fall on the hybrid soybean and gather again, thereby be the hybrid soybean pollination; Overcast and rainy stopping to be sprayed; Recover spraying honeybee attractant after weather takes a turn for the better at once, be enough to satisfied attractant of luring the honeybee needs to keep the field to have.
the soybean florescence finishes, and stops using attractant, and the bee colony that will pollinate is withdrawn soybeans.
Bear pods rate and real output are surveyed in
: the rate that bears pods is surveyed in soybean fallen leaves back, looks into maternal and the male parent quantity that bears pods, the calculating female parent rate that bears pods; Calculate the actual production of hybrid soybean seeds father, female parent during soybean maturation results respectively.
The honeycomb liquid that
the present invention selects for use the different cultivars honeybee to utilize to contain in the honeybee attractant, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid and syrup have certain attraction to honeybee, have transferred the enthusiasm of honeybee interview hybrid soybean.
China is a traditional soybean producing country, and soybean productive potential and soybean market demand are very big, and the present invention lures honeybee through the honeybee attractant; Be the hybrid soybean seeds pollination technique; Not only can solve the solid problem of pollination of hybrid soybean seeds, and, produce Tanaka's extensive use soybean and promote improving the hybrid soybean hybrid seed yield; Promote the large tracts of land raising the output of soybean production field, have crucial meaning
Claims (2)
1. a honeybee attractant is to be mixed with the syrup that the white sugar of equivalent boils by honeycomb liquid 7.0～15 ㎏, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0 ㎏, water, adds cold water 70～85.5 ㎏ dilution again and forms; The preparation method of above-mentioned honeybee attractant, be made up of following process and step:
(1) preparation of described honeycomb extract; Get honeybee nest spleen 1 ㎏, be cut into fragment, add volume 75% ethanol 1000ml; Airtight immersion 72h; After filtering with 100 order gauzes, it is for use to collect the broken honeycomb of filter residue, and it is filtrated and under 50 ℃ of vacuum 0.095Mpa, is concentrated into 25% the honeycomb liquid that water content is a volume; Take the broken honeycomb after alcohol extract filters, add entry 1500ml, under 85～95 ℃ of stirrings, be concentrated to 800ml, stop heating, remove the beeswax that solidify on top after the cooling, filter with 100 order gauzes, waste is collected honeycomb liquid; The honeycomb liquid mixing of above-mentioned extracted twice is obtained honeycomb liquid;
(2) preparation of described imitative fragrance of a flower liquid; With smart 2.5～5.0 ㎏ of pollen, evening primrose oil 2.5～5.0 ㎏, orange oil 2.5～5.0 ㎏, perilla herb oil 2.5～5.0 ㎏ mixings are contained in the bottle, add ethanol 80～90 ml of volume 50%～75% again, and its mixing is formulated;
(3) get syrup 5.0 ~ 10 ㎏ that the white sugar of honeycomb liquid 7.0～15 ㎏, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0 ㎏, water and equivalent boils, mix, add cold water 70～85.5 ㎏ again and dilute and make described honeybee attractant.
2. honeybee attractant as claimed in claim 1 is used for the method for hybrid soybean seeds field production of hybrid seeds honeybee pollination, is made up of following process and step:
(1) honeybee pollination hybrid soybean field is selected
According to regional climatic condition, select to be suitable for the field of soybeans they grow, by the normal field management hybrid soybean seeds of beginning sowing in good time, and implement to plant at a distance between ridge between male parent, the female parent;
(2) the pollination bee colony is selected
In the bee colony of normal breeding, select the pollination bee colony, the pollination bee colony will reach 8 frame honeybees, 7 crowd's gesture that sub-spleen is above; Wherein, it is several about 30% that foraging bee accounts for full crowd honeybee, and house bee accounts for about 70%; Bee colony is healthy, non-communicable disease, no swarming fever;
(3) the pollination bee colony is transported soybeans
The pollination bee colony that the soybean blossoming initial stage will be selected is transported the hybrid soybean seeds seed farm, and per hectare is placed 3 ~ 6 groups in pollination bee colony;
(4) the honeybee attractant of spraying, feed
In between the hybrid soybean seeds seed farm of just having bloomed, every day or sprayed the attractant syrup of feeding preceding 1 hour implementing the honeybee attractant every other day; 1 ~ 5 ridge ground, per 1 ~ 3 day interval, the male parent in 1 ~ 5 ridge ground, hybridization of female parent soybean plant strain foliar spray mist honeybee attractant are introduced soybeans with honeybee, and honeybee is dropped on the attractant syrup of searching for food on the hybrid soybean plants leaf gradually; To hybrid soybean strain stalk two side spray honeybee attractants, lure honeybee to fall on the hybrid soybean and gather again, thereby be the hybrid soybean pollination; Overcast and rainy stopping to be sprayed; Recover spraying honeybee attractant after weather takes a turn for the better at once, be enough to satisfied attractant of luring the honeybee needs to keep the field to have;
(5) the soybean florescence finishes, the honeybee attractant that stops to spray, and the bee colony that will pollinate is withdrawn hybrid soybean production of hybrid seeds ground.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110443277 CN102524049A (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | Bee attractant and method for field seed production and bee pollination of soybean hybrids |
| CN201210183837.5A CN102823628B (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-06 | Honey bee attractant and method for seed production and honeybee pollination of soybean hybrid seed in field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110443277 CN102524049A (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | Bee attractant and method for field seed production and bee pollination of soybean hybrids |
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| CN102524049A true CN102524049A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110443277 Pending CN102524049A (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | Bee attractant and method for field seed production and bee pollination of soybean hybrids |
| CN201210183837.5A Expired - Fee Related CN102823628B (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-06 | Honey bee attractant and method for seed production and honeybee pollination of soybean hybrid seed in field |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201210183837.5A Expired - Fee Related CN102823628B (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-06 | Honey bee attractant and method for seed production and honeybee pollination of soybean hybrid seed in field |
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| CN116267587A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-06-23 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Efficient bee pollination method |
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| CN102823628A (en) | 2012-12-19 |
| CN102823628B (en) | 2014-02-19 |
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