CN103688847B - Momordica grosvenori honeybee tames and dociles the preparation and application of lure - Google Patents
Momordica grosvenori honeybee tames and dociles the preparation and application of lure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Momordica grosvenori honeybee tames and dociles a preparation and application for lure, is first that honeybee agent is tamed and dociled in primary raw material preparation by the Momordica grosvenori flower extract dried and citral and sucrose, then with citral and sucrose for primary raw material preparation lures honeybee agent.10-20 days before the Momordica grosvenori florescence, searches for food the agent of instruction honeybee for bee colony, the smell of the instruction honeybee agent of training bee colony custom containing flower of Fructus Momordicae composition; The Momordica grosvenori florescence stops using tame and docile honeybee agent after arriving; Honeybee agent will be lured to load manual sprayer, accurately spray inside flower during dawn as far as possible, and lure honeybee to call on pollination.Adopt technology of the present invention, with tame and docile honeybee and the mode that lures honeybee to combine replace artificial for the pollination of arhat fruit dot flower, allow honeybee can initiatively help originally to its in the least unappealing dioecism and flower no pillar mining, the Momordica grosvenori that can not secrete fragrant sweet material complete spontaneous pollination again, the labour intensity of remarkable reduction Momordica grosvenori florescence pollination, enhance productivity, reduce production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation and application field that a kind of Momordica grosvenori honeybee tames and dociles lure.
Background technology
Momordica grosvenori Siraitia grosvenori (Swingle) C.Jeffrey, for Curcurbitaceae Momordica grosvenori belongs to herbaceous perennial vine plant.Its fruit has very high using value and DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT widely in medical treatment with health care.But female, the male different strain of Momordica grosvenori, flowering asynchronism, particularly flower of Fructus Momordicae does not have nectary, and can not secrete fragrant sweet material and attract honeybee for its pollination, nobody met honeybee visiting Momordica grosvenori flower so far.In addition the male flower life-span is short, and pollen grain firmly sticks to again the lower crotch of flower pesticide, is also difficult to be blown away, so under wild natural conditions, percentage of fertile fruit is extremely low.The continuity of Wild Luohanguo species and the expansion of population are mainly landed by numerous branch tendrils and are enlarged into this vegetative manner of stem tuber and come.Artificial planting Momordica grosvenori is then to gather in the crops fruit more, and therefore the pollination of artificial some flower has just become requisite sport technique segment.Facts have proved, artificial pollination is the most arduous in Momordica grosvenori planting process, that the highest, the concurrent problem of input cost is also many links.Because: 1. Momordica grosvenori is planted in high mountain abrupt slope mostly, stranger wants to stand firm difficult, and pollination people also wants the high leg of a leg low, faces up head and lifts both hands, meticulously, can not damage female chapiter, anti-sliding Roll falls again, and high temperature is hot, soaked with sweat, bite by mosquitos, very itches unbearably, and hard degree ordinary person is difficult to the imagination; 2. rural labour is in short supply in recent years, and pollination is very concentrated again for season, has to employ by offering a high salary helper; 3. full-bloom stage, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, some female flowers are often missed pollination because blade blocks, and minimizing should have harvest; 4. in pollinating process, staff's both hands frequently shuttle back and forth between branches and leaves, very easily cause blade injury, expand the propagation of virus and other diseases, increase pesticide control spending, especially once mosaic virus spreads, will have no harvest in flakes.For solving the problem, applicant develops a kind of tame and docile honeybee with the technology luring honeybee to combine first in order to substitute artificial some flower pollination technique, honeybee is allowed can initiatively to help originally to the unappealing not only dioecism of its milli and flower but also the Momordica grosvenori of no pillar mining complete spontaneous pollination, this technology can significantly reduce labor intensity, enhance productivity, reduce production cost, be specially adapted to the non-harmful Momordica grosvenori plantation of large area, especially in area, high mountain abrupt slope.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of with tame and docile honeybee and lure honeybee to be integrated as Momordica grosvenori spontaneous pollination, significantly reduce labour intensity, preparation and application that the Momordica grosvenori honeybee of enhancing productivity tames and dociles lure.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above with following technical scheme:
1. honeybee agent is tamed and dociled in preparation:
(1) collect Momordica grosvenori flower to dry in 40 ± 1 DEG C.Get 100g levigation, extract 3 times with the ethanol 200ml that mass concentration is 30% routinely in 60 DEG C of water-baths, combining extraction liquid drives ethanol to without vinosity in 80 DEG C of water-baths, then in evaporating dish evaporate to dryness, collection dry powder;
(2) get dry powder 5g and sucrose 5g to be placed in stainless steel disc and to mix resulting mixture thoroughly;
(3) get citral 1ml, glycerine 2ml shake up, then be diluted to 100ml with drinking water and shake up, then pour into and stir evenly by the mixture of (2) step gained, the agent of instruction honeybee.
2. preparation lures honeybee agent:
Get citral 1ml, glycerine 2ml, sucrose 30g, be diluted to 100ml with drinking water, fully stir evenly and sucrose is dissolved completely, lure honeybee agent.
3. honeybee tames and dociles the using method of lure:
(1) honeybee domestication: configure honeybee 1 case or more within 300M around Momordica grosvenori field.10-20 days before the Momordica grosvenori florescence arrives, pours into the agent of instruction honeybee in right amount in stainless steel disc, can avoid the place of ant, search for food for bee colony before being placed in honeycomb, and training bee colony gets used to the smell of the instruction honeybee agent containing Momordica grosvenori flower composition.
(2) lure honeybee to pollinate: after the Momordica grosvenori florescence arrives, use before stopping at honeycomb and tame and docile honeybee agent.Honeybee agent will be lured to load manual sprayer, accurately spray in female, a male flower inner side during dawn as far as possible, and lure honeybee to call on pollination.
Adopt technology of the present invention, replace with tame and docile honeybee and the mode that lures honeybee to combine and manually put flower, honeybee is allowed can initiatively to help originally to its unappealing dioecism of milli and the Momordica grosvenori of flower no pillar mining again completes spontaneous pollination, significantly reduce the labour intensity of Momordica grosvenori florescence pollination, improve production efficiency.
Embodiment
Applicant was through the test to 3 working years in 2013 in 2011, use honeybee to tame and docile lure and successfully achieve the spontaneous pollination of Momordica grosvenori honeybee, to substitute the pollination of artificial some flower, actual percentage of fertile fruit is close or exceed the pollination of artificial some flower, the remarkable labour intensity reducing plantation people, increase work efficiency, reduce production cost, avoid the various drawbacks of artificial some lace.
Embodiment 1.
Within 2013, in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Long Shengxian alpine slopes, select the growth of cereal crop seedlings, the gradient relatively, 4 mu of arhat orchards that water and fertilizer management is identical, every mu of about 130 strain (containing 5 staminiferous plants).Be divided into A.B two groups and carry out comparative trial.A group 2 mu in contrast, is carried out artificial some flower and is not used honeybee to teach and guide agent; B group 2 mu uses honeybee to tame and docile lure and lures honeybee spontaneous pollination, no longer manually puts flower.At backer's pin place, orchard configuration honeybee 1 case.When first branch is buddingged, start to carry out in honeycomb front domestication of feeding with honeybee domestication agent, first the basin that suitable quantity of water is housed is put into the brick that a piece exceeds the water surface, then the plate that domestication agent (including flower of Fructus Momordicae composition) is housed is put in keep away ant on brick, in a moment just have bee gathering in groups.When opening successively to flower, stop the domestication of feeding before honeycomb.Every day with the inner side that manual sprayer will lure honeybee agent to be sprayed on B group male flower and female flower, just has honeybee visiting flower, helps pollination when dawn after several minutes.Before results, often organize and select 20 strains at random, by the order of one-level branch, second branch, three grades of branches, level Four branch, by the large fruit of branch statistics, middle fruit, fruitlet and etc. outer quantity really, then calculate percentage shared by individual plant average result number and fruit at different levels, result is as table 1.
Table 1. Momordica grosvenori honeybee teachs and guide the result of use of agent
Digital proof by upper table:
1. the index of correlation display of fruiting quantities, the fruiting rate of B group is higher than A group.Illustrate and use honeybee to teach and guide agent to lure the technology that honeybee is Momordica grosvenori spontaneous pollination can substitute artificial pollination technology, can not reduce, may fruiting rate be improved on the contrary;
2. the relative % display of different stage fruit number, the % of the big or middle fruit quantity of B group is higher than A group, and fruitlet and wait % shared by outer fruit lower than A group.Growing of honeybee pollination fruit more favourable than artificial pollination is described.
In addition, artificial pollination needs bimanualness, and spray and lure honeybee agent only to need one hand, not only efficiency is high, and can available protecting oneself at another hand of steep hillslope, and Fang Hua Roll falls.The pollination work that usual 3-4 people just can complete, can complete by honeybee 1 people that helps.
Claims (1)
1. Momordica grosvenori honeybee tames and dociles preparation method and a using method for lure, uses and lures honeybee agent to lure honeybee spontaneous pollination to substitute the pollination of artificial some flower, it is characterized in that processing step is as follows:
(1) honeybee agent is tamed and dociled in preparation:
1. collect Momordica grosvenori flower to dry in 40 ± 1 DEG C; Get 100g levigation, extract 3 times with the ethanol 200mL that mass concentration is 30% routinely in 60 DEG C of water-baths, combining extraction liquid drives ethanol to without vinosity in 80 DEG C of water-baths, then in evaporating dish evaporate to dryness, collection dry powder;
2. get dry powder 5g and sucrose 5g to be placed in stainless steel disc and to mix resulting mixture thoroughly;
3. get citral 1mL, glycerine 2mL shake up, then be diluted to 100mL with drinking water and shake up, then pour into 2. to walk in the mixture of gained by the and stir evenly, tame and docile honeybee agent;
(2) preparation lures honeybee agent:
Get citral 1mL, glycerine 2mL, sucrose 30g, be diluted to 100mL with drinking water, fully stir evenly and sucrose is dissolved completely, lure honeybee agent;
(3) tame and docile honeybee agent and lure the using method of honeybee agent:
1. honeybee domestication: configure honeybee 1 case or more within 300m around Momordica grosvenori field; 10-20 days before the Momordica grosvenori florescence arrives, pours into tame and docile honeybee agent in right amount in stainless steel disc, can avoid the place of ant, search for food for bee colony before being placed in honeycomb, and training bee colony gets used to the smell of the tame and docile honeybee agent containing Momordica grosvenori flower composition;
2. lure honeybee to pollinate: after the Momordica grosvenori florescence arrives, use before stopping at honeycomb and tame and docile honeybee agent; Honeybee agent will be lured to load manual sprayer, accurately spray in female, a male flower inner side during dawn as far as possible, and lure honeybee to call on pollination.
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| CN104429927B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-09-07 | 蓝福生 | A kind of nutrient solution for Momordica grosvenori spraying pollination and using method thereof |
| CN104824052A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-12 | 广德县佛堂草莓种植专业合作社 | Honeybee attractant and preparation method of same |
| CN105028179A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Biological pollination method capable of achieving high pollination rate by adopting bee attractant |
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| CN107211963A (en) * | 2017-05-21 | 2017-09-29 | 四川黑虎零抗农业科技有限公司 | A kind of vanilla honey collection method |
| CN108283143B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-01-25 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | A method of it is pollinated using honeybee for tropical Melon |
| CN109006848B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2021-01-26 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Nereid bee attractant and method for pollinating momordica grosvenori |
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