CN105766620B - A kind of method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
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- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates, belong to Field of Tea Cross breeding technical field.It comprises the following steps：(1) " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming；(2) double ditch spread single-groove phosphorus potash fertilizers are opened；(3) fly net is taken；(4) collection and preservation of paternal pollen；(5) artificial pollination；(6) sparse branching leaf.The present invention carries out the artificial hybridization pollination of certain scale using simple and easy method, obtain more filial generations, accelerate Field of Tea Cross breeding process, " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming wherein used, " opening double ditch spread single-groove phosphorus potash fertilizers " and the method for " taking fly net ", the ventilation and penetrating light degree in clone tea place can fully be improved, effectively save cost, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, largely improve bloom quantity and the setting percentage of clonal cultivar, the problems such as efficiently solving breeding efficiency in the prior art and solid relatively low artificial hybridization, and method is simple, it is easy to operate, it is adapted to large-scale promotion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates, belong to Field of Tea Cross breeding technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Hybrid vigour is the universal phenomenon of living nature, heterosis utilization, it has also become the main path of current Tea Breeding
One of.The Tea Breeding method in China is switched to based on crossbreeding by systematic selection, and has obtained remarkable effect, has been authorized
In 97 national breedings, 30% is accounted for by what crossbreeding selected.It is such as natural from Fuding white tea and big-leaf species in yunnan
15 kinds such as national breeding Fuyun No.6, Zhejiang agriculture 113, yellow strange are cultivated in filial generation, using artificial hybridization mode, from
No. 1 forever, national breeding another name for Sichuan Province, Guizhou Province river bank 809, tender tea leaves section 1 etc. are selected in the cross combination offspring such as big-leaf species in yunnan and Sichuan middle period kind
14 kinds.The above kind is to use clone to be formed with sexual system, double sexual systems for breeding of hybrid combination, and China
Research on utilization in terms of double clonal cultivar heterosis, hybrid vigors is also less.
Though clone and sexual system, the variation of double sexual system's artificial hybridization descendant inherittings are abundant, the required breeding time limit compared with
It is long, since genetic resources and parental apolegamy, gathered by hybridization, hybrid and sowing, breeding and early stage identification, strain compare examination
Test, provincial region experiment, the program such as national region experiment, take around 22-24 time.And select double clonal cultivars good
Kind carries out artificial hybridization as Parent, and the hybrid generation of acquisition has in growth potential, reproductive capacity, adaptability, yield, character side
Face exceedes Parent, is not required to just may be directly applied to produce by early stage identification, substantially reduces breeding process.But according to biography
Be present the problem of quantity is few, Cross fertile rate and breeding efficiency are low of blooming in the breeding method clonal cultivar of system, therefore, how to attack
Existing breeding technique is optimized, improves double asexual hybridization setting percentages by gram difficulty, to innovation China's Tea Germplasm, training
The excellent new varieties of tea tree are educated to have great importance.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a kind of a kind of double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates of raising
Method.The method of the present invention largely improves quantity of blooming, Cross fertile rate and the breeding efficiency of breeding material.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：A kind of double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates of raising
Method, comprise the following steps：
(1) " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming：Parental combination is matched according to breeding objective, parent garden entered in the May that spring tea is terminated
Row is trimmed for the first time, first carries out deburring to all tea rows, then any selection a line, by 2~6 fir tea trees of one end apart from ground
Branches and leaves at 60~70cm are wiped out, and form a branch of arbuscle fir, then 2~6 fir tea trees, 2~3 layers of the fluffy face blade layer that will go together adjacent
The branches and leaves at place are wiped out, and form a branch of high tree fir, and by that analogy, arbuscle fir is arranged alternately with height tree fir, the tea tree processing of adjacent column
Mode forms a branch of high tree fir then on the contrary, first wipe out the branches and leaves at 2~6 fir tea trees, 2~3 layers of the fluffy face blade layer of front end,
Branches and leaves of 2~6 adjacent fir tea trees at 60~70cm of ground that will go together again are wiped out, and form a branch of arbuscle fir, by that analogy,
Height tree fir is arranged alternately with arbuscle fir；Carry out October trimming for second, the height of second of trimming is above-mentioned first
15~20cm is improved on the clip of secondary trimming, remaining processing mode is identical with above-mentioned first time trimming；
(2) double ditch spread single-groove phosphorus potash fertilizers are opened：Parent garden often row tea tree both sides trench digging, apply phosphorus potash fertilizer for the first time May
Part is carried out at interval of a bar ditch, applies phosphorus potash fertilizer for the second time and remaining unmanured ditch is carried out in August part, third time, apply for the 4th time
Phosphorus potash fertilizer is carried out and identical with above-mentioned first time, the method for applying phosphorus potash fertilizer for the second time respectively respectively at March of Second Year, June；
(3) fly net is taken：Early and middle ten dayses tea tree flowering initial stage in October, it is 1.8 that height is built above pollination elite stand
~2m pollination frame, fly net is covered and is fixed on pollination frame, preventing for 0.6m is stayed below the surrounding of pollination frame
Worm net is trapped among the ground of the surrounding of pollination elite stand and uses soil compaction；
(4) collection and preservation of paternal pollen：Bloomed peak period in male parent, sunny day or the afternoon 17 at cloudy day:00~19:
00, loosenings, milky, the bud that a bud just ready to burst are selected, spreads to strike after 12~15h pollen maturations at the drying of cool place and takes pollen,
It is fitted into lucifuge wide-mouth bottle, obtains paternal pollen；
(5) artificial pollination：Bloomed peak period in female parent, in sunny day or the morning 8 at cloudy day:00~11:00 is carried out, and is selected raw
Petal bursts forth 1/3, physically well developed on high tree fir brachyplast, flower bright in colour is spent as pollination, hangs up tag identifier, and pluck
Except the other buds of same branch, then by paternal pollen obtained by a small amount of step (4) on the writing brush libation at an ancient wedding ceremony, above-mentioned pollination flower is lightly applied to
On, untill golden yellow is presented in the column cap of above-mentioned pollination flower；
(6) sparse branching leaf：Elite stand after artificial pollination, the control of fluffy face blade layer in the range of 3~4 layers, remaining branches and leaves and
When extract.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, step (1) is according to " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming, and often row tea tree is shaped as one short one high or one high and one low, entirely
Row tea tree is in wave wire；Trimming makes a general survey of tea place after terminating, and the high or low tree fir per adjacent rows is in " Chinese character pin-shaped " arrangement.
Further, step (1) described deburring is that the branches and leaves at tree crown the right and left periphery 20cm by every row tea tree are wiped out.
Further, the cutting depth of step (2) described ditch is 15~20cm, the dosage of the phosphorus potash fertilizer is 25~
30kg/ mus.It is because phosphorus potash fertilizer has the function that to promote reproductive growth, improves rate of blossoming and bearing fruit using phosphorus potash fertilizer.Apply for the second time
Fertilizer is carried out in August part to remaining unmanured ditch, and August part camellia is not yet open.
Further, step (3) described fly net is the nylon fly net of 80 mesh.Fly net is taken, is to prevent the elder brother that pollinates
Worm enters.
Further, the paternal pollen that step (4) obtains need to carry out the artificial of step (5) in 3 days using finishing
Pollination.
Further, described physically well develop of step (5) refers to without deformity, without the flower in disease pest harm, build；It is described to award
It need to be pollinated again to heavy rain in 24 hours drops after powder.
Further, step (6) sparse branching leaf, it is to keep ventilation and penetrating light in tree crown.Because clonal cultivar nutrient growth
Vigorous, Shoot growth round is more, and ventilation and penetrating light is poor, influences fruit development.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) present invention uses the fertilising of " Chinese character pin-shaped " pruning method, " opening double ditch spread single-groove phosphorus potash fertilizers " to hybrid strain garden
Mode, it can fully improve the ventilation and penetrating light degree in clone tea place, effectively save cost, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, larger journey
Improve bloom quantity and the setting percentage of clonal cultivar degree.
(2) present invention, can be to a large amount of flowers using net canopy according to the low characteristic of double clonal cultivar artificial hybridization setting percentages
Artificial pollination is carried out, to meet the needs of extensive crossbreeding, removes the complicated procedures of forming such as emasculation, bagging from, it is simple to operate, it is time saving
It is laborsaving, the damage to flower natural structure is avoided, hybridization pollination success rate is high.
(3) method of the invention is simple, easy to operate, wide market, is adapted to large-scale promotion.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, example is served only for explaining this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The method of the double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates of raising of the present embodiment, with Guangxi Tea Clone Improved Varieties " Gui Xiang
No. 22 " as female parent, national Tea Clone Improved Varieties " Yao Shanxiu is green " are that male parent carries out artificial hybridization as combination, including such as
Lower step：
(1) " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming：The is carried out to " Gui Xiang 22 " and " Yao Shanxiu is green " parent garden in the May that spring tea is terminated
Once trim, first wipe out the branches and leaves at all tea row tree crown the right and left periphery 20cm, a line is then arbitrarily selected, by one end
Branches and leaves of the 2 fir tea trees at the 60cm of ground wipe out, form a branch of arbuscle fir, then 2 layers of the fluffy face of 2 fir tea trees that will go together adjacent
Branches and leaves at blade layer are wiped out, and form a branch of high tree fir, and by that analogy, arbuscle fir is arranged alternately with height tree fir, the tea of adjacent column
Processing mode is set then on the contrary, first wiping out the branches and leaves at 2 fir tea trees, 2 layers of the fluffy face blade layer of front end, forms a branch of high tree fir,
Branches and leaves of the 2 adjacent fir tea trees at the 60cm of ground that will go together again are wiped out, and form a branch of arbuscle fir, by that analogy, height tree fir
It is arranged alternately with arbuscle fir；Carry out the second trimming October, the height of second trimming is cutting in the trimming of above-mentioned first time
15cm is improved on mouthful, remaining processing mode is identical with above-mentioned first time trimming；Trimmed according to " Chinese character pin-shaped ", often the shape of row tea tree
It is in wave wire for a short height or one high and one low, full row tea tree；Trimming makes a general survey of tea place after terminating, high or low per adjacent rows
Fir is set in " Chinese character pin-shaped " arrangement；
(2) double ditch spread single-groove phosphorus potash fertilizers are opened：The both sides trench digging of every row tea tree in parent garden, cutting depth 15cm, first
Secondary phosphorus potash fertilizer of applying is carried out May at interval of a bar ditch, apply for the second time phosphorus potash fertilizer in the still unopened August part of camellia to it is remaining not
The ditch for applying phosphorus potash fertilizer is carried out, the 3rd, the 4th fertilising carried out respectively at March of Second Year, June and respectively with above-mentioned first time,
The method for applying phosphorus potash fertilizer for the second time is identical, and the dosage of the phosphorus potash fertilizer is 25kg/ mus；
(3) fly net is taken：Early and middle ten dayses tea tree flowering initial stage in October, height is built above " Gui Xiang 22 " elite stand
For 1.8m pollination frame, the nylon fly net of 80 mesh is covered and is fixed on pollination frame, under the surrounding of pollination frame
Stay 0.6m fly net to be trapped among " Gui Xiang 22 " elite stand surrounding on the ground and use soil compaction in side；
(4) collection and preservation of paternal pollen：Bloomed in " Yao Shanxiu is green " peak period, sunny day or the afternoon 17 at cloudy day:00
~19:00, loosenings, milky, the bud that a bud just ready to burst are selected, spreads to strike after 12h at the drying of cool place and takes pollen, except impurity elimination
Matter, it is fitted into lucifuge wide-mouth bottle, obtains " Yao Shanxiu is green " paternal pollen and need to carry out step (5) in 3 days using finishing
Artificial pollination；
(5) artificial pollination：In " Gui Xiang 22 " peak period of blooming, in sunny day or the morning 8 at cloudy day:00~11:00 is carried out, choosing
Select the raw petal on high tree fir brachyplast burst forth 1/3, without deformity, without disease pest harm, build on, flower conduct bright in colour
Pollination flower, tag identifier is hung up, and extractd with the other buds of branch, then by " Yao Shanxiu obtained by a small amount of step (4) on the writing brush libation at an ancient wedding ceremony
It is green " paternal pollen, lightly it is applied to above-mentioned pollination and takes, untill golden yellow is presented in the column cap of above-mentioned pollination flower, if awards
It need to be pollinated again to heavy rain in 24 hours drops after powder；
(6) sparse branching leaf：Elite stand after artificial pollination, in the range of 4 layers, remaining branches and leaves is plucked in time for fluffy face blade layer control
Remove.
Embodiment 2
The double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rate methods of the raising of the present embodiment, with national Tea Clone Improved Varieties " Gui Xiang
No. 18 " as female parent, national Tea Clone Improved Varieties " Fuyun No.6 " are that male parent carries out artificial hybridization as combination, including such as
Lower step：
A kind of method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates, wherein, comprise the following steps：
(1) " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming：The is carried out to " Gui Xiang 18 " and " Fuyun No.6 " parent garden in the May that spring tea is terminated
Once trim, first wipe out the branches and leaves at all tea row tree crown the right and left periphery 20cm, a line is then arbitrarily selected, by one end
Branches and leaves of the 6 fir tea trees at the 70cm of ground wipe out, form a branch of arbuscle fir, then 3 layers of the fluffy face of 6 fir tea trees that will go together adjacent
Branches and leaves at blade layer are wiped out, and form a branch of high tree fir, and by that analogy, arbuscle fir is arranged alternately with height tree fir, the tea of adjacent column
Processing mode is set then on the contrary, first wiping out the branches and leaves at 6 fir tea trees, 3 layers of the fluffy face blade layer of front end, forms a branch of high tree fir,
Branches and leaves of the 6 adjacent fir tea trees at the 70cm of ground that will go together again are wiped out, and form a branch of arbuscle fir, by that analogy, height tree fir
It is arranged alternately with arbuscle fir；Carry out the second trimming October, the height of second trimming is cutting in the trimming of above-mentioned first time
20cm is improved on mouthful, remaining processing mode is identical with above-mentioned first time trimming；Trimmed according to " Chinese character pin-shaped ", often the shape of row tea tree
It is in wave wire for a short height or one high and one low, full row tea tree；Trimming makes a general survey of tea place after terminating, high or low per adjacent rows
Fir is set in " Chinese character pin-shaped " arrangement；
(2) double ditch spread single-groove phosphorus potash fertilizers are opened：The both sides trench digging of every row tea tree in parent garden, cutting depth 20cm, first
Secondary phosphorus potash fertilizer of applying is carried out May at interval of a bar ditch, apply for the second time phosphorus potash fertilizer in the still unopened August part of camellia to it is remaining not
The ditch for applying phosphorus potash fertilizer is carried out, the 3rd, the 4th fertilising carried out respectively at March of Second Year, June and respectively with above-mentioned first time,
The method for applying phosphorus potash fertilizer for the second time is identical, and the dosage of the phosphorus potash fertilizer is 30kg/ mus；
(3) fly net is taken：Early and middle ten dayses tea tree flowering initial stage in October, height is built above " Gui Xiang 18 " elite stand
For 2m pollination frame, the nylon fly net of 80 mesh is covered and is fixed on pollination frame, below the surrounding of pollination frame
Stay 0.6m fly net to be trapped among " Gui Xiang 18 " elite stand surrounding on the ground and use soil compaction；
(4) collection and preservation of paternal pollen：Bloomed peak period at " Fuyun No.6 ", sunny day or the afternoon 17 at cloudy day:00~
19:00, loosenings, milky, the bud that a bud just ready to burst are selected, spreads to strike after 15h at shady and cool drying and takes pollen, removing impurity,
It is fitted into lucifuge wide-mouth bottle, obtains " Fuyun No.6 " paternal pollen and need to carry out the artificial of step (5) in 1 day using finishing
Pollination；
(5) artificial pollination：In " Gui Xiang 18 " peak period of blooming, in sunny day or the morning 8 at cloudy day:00~11:00 is carried out, choosing
Select the raw petal on high tree fir brachyplast burst forth 1/3, without deformity, without disease pest harm, build on, flower conduct bright in colour
Pollination flower, tag identifier is hung up, and extractd with the other buds of branch, then by obtained by a small amount of step (4) on the writing brush libation at an ancient wedding ceremony " Fuyun No.6 "
Paternal pollen, lightly it is applied to above-mentioned pollination and takes, untill golden yellow is presented in the column cap of above-mentioned pollination flower, if after pollination
To heavy rain in 24 hours drops, need to pollinate again；
(6) sparse branching leaf：Elite stand after artificial pollination, in the range of 4 layers, remaining branches and leaves is plucked in time for fluffy face blade layer control
Remove.
Embodiment 3
The double clonal cultivar artificial hybridization methods of the raising of the present embodiment, with national Tea Clone Improved Varieties " Yao Shanxiu
It is green " as female parent, national Tea Clone Improved Varieties " yellow kwan-yin " are that male parent carries out artificial hybridization, including step as follows as combination
Suddenly：
A kind of method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates, wherein, comprise the following steps：
(1) " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming：First is carried out to " Yao Shanxiu is green " and " yellow kwan-yin " parent garden in the May that spring tea is terminated
Secondary trimming, first the branches and leaves at all tea row tree crown the right and left periphery 20cm are wiped out, a line is then arbitrarily selected, by one end
Branches and leaves of the 4 fir tea trees at the 65cm of ground are wiped out, and form a branch of arbuscle fir, then 4 fir tea trees, 2 layers of the fluffy face leaf that will go together adjacent
Branches and leaves at lamella are wiped out, and form a branch of high tree fir, and by that analogy, arbuscle fir is arranged alternately with height tree fir, the tea tree of adjacent column
Processing mode forms a branch of high tree fir then on the contrary, first wipe out the branches and leaves at 4 fir tea trees, 2 layers of the fluffy face blade layer of front end, then
Branches and leaves of the 4 adjacent fir tea trees at the 65cm of ground that will go together are wiped out, and form a branch of arbuscle fir, by that analogy, height tree fir with
Arbuscle fir is arranged alternately；Carry out the second trimming October, the height of second trimming is the clip in the trimming of above-mentioned first time
Upper raising 18cm, remaining processing mode are identical with above-mentioned first time trimming；According to " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming, often row tea tree is shaped as
An one short height or one high and one low, full row tea tree are in wave wire；Trimming makes a general survey of tea place after terminating, the high or low tree per adjacent rows
Fir is in " Chinese character pin-shaped " arrangement；
(2) double ditch spread single-groove phosphorus potash fertilizers are opened：The both sides trench digging of every row tea tree in parent garden, cutting depth 18cm, first
Secondary phosphorus potash fertilizer of applying is carried out May at interval of a bar ditch, apply for the second time phosphorus potash fertilizer in the still unopened August part of camellia to it is remaining not
The ditch for applying phosphorus potash fertilizer is carried out, the 3rd, the 4th fertilising carried out respectively at March of Second Year, June and respectively with above-mentioned first time,
The method for applying phosphorus potash fertilizer for the second time is identical, and the dosage of the phosphorus potash fertilizer is 28kg/ mus；
(3) fly net is taken：Early and middle ten dayses tea tree flowering initial stage in October, height is built above " Yao Shanxiu is green " elite stand
For 1.9m pollination frame, the nylon fly net of 80 mesh is covered and is fixed on pollination frame, under the surrounding of pollination frame
Stay 0.6m fly net to be trapped among " Yao Shanxiu is green " elite stand surrounding on the ground and use soil compaction in side；
(4) collection and preservation of paternal pollen：In " yellow kwan-yin " peak period of blooming, sunny day or the afternoon 17 at cloudy day:00~
19:00, loosenings, milky, the bud that a bud just ready to burst are selected, spreads to strike after 13h at shady and cool drying and takes pollen, removing impurity,
It is fitted into lucifuge wide-mouth bottle, obtains " yellow kwan-yin " paternal pollen and need to carry out the artificial of step (5) in 2 days using finishing
Pollination；
(5) artificial pollination：Bloomed in " Yao Shanxiu is green " peak period, in sunny day or the morning 8 at cloudy day:00~11:00 is carried out, choosing
Select the raw petal on high tree fir brachyplast burst forth 1/3, without deformity, without disease pest harm, build on, flower conduct bright in colour
Pollination flower, tag identifier is hung up, and extractd with the other buds of branch, then by obtained by a small amount of step (4) on the writing brush libation at an ancient wedding ceremony " yellow kwan-yin "
Paternal pollen, lightly it is applied to above-mentioned pollination and takes, untill golden yellow is presented in the column cap of above-mentioned pollination flower, if after pollination
To heavy rain in 24 hours drops, need to pollinate again；
(6) sparse branching leaf：Elite stand after artificial pollination, in the range of 3 layers, remaining branches and leaves is plucked in time for fluffy face blade layer control
Remove.
By embodiment 1-3 tea tree, the tea tree after hybridizing with conventional method, bloom and quantity, Cross fertile rate and to award
The comparison of powder efficiency, as shown in table 1.
Analysis result of the table 1 to different processing
As can be seen from Table 1, using the method for the present invention, than conventional method, clone can largely be improved
Bloom quantity and the setting percentage of tea tree, the problems such as efficiently solving breeding efficiency in the prior art and solid relatively low artificial hybridization.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) " Chinese character pin-shaped " trimming：Parental combination is matched according to breeding objective, the is carried out to parent garden in the May that spring tea is terminated Once trim, first to all tea rows carry out deburring, then arbitrarily selection a line, by 2~6 fir tea trees of one end apart from ground 60~ Branches and leaves at 70cm are wiped out, and form a branch of arbuscle fir, then by 2~6 fir tea trees, 2~3 layers of the fluffy face blade layer for going together adjacent Branches and leaves are wiped out, and form a branch of high tree fir, and by that analogy, arbuscle fir is arranged alternately with height tree fir, the tea tree processing mode of adjacent column Then on the contrary, first wiping out the branches and leaves at 2~6 fir tea trees, 2~3 layers of the fluffy face blade layer of front end, a branch of high tree fir is formed, then will Branches and leaves of 2~6 adjacent fir tea trees at 60~70cm of ground of going together are wiped out, and form a branch of arbuscle fir, by that analogy, Gao Shu Fir is arranged alternately with arbuscle fir；Carry out October trimming for second, the height of second of trimming was repaiied in above-mentioned first time 15~20cm is improved on the clip cut, remaining processing mode is identical with above-mentioned first time trimming；(2) double ditch spread single-groove phosphorus potash fertilizers are opened：Parent garden often row tea tree both sides trench digging, it is every May to apply phosphorus potash fertilizer for the first time Bar ditch progress is spaced, phosphorus potash fertilizer is applied for the second time and remaining unmanured ditch is carried out in August part, third time, apply phosphorus potassium the 4th time Fertilizer is carried out and identical with above-mentioned first time, the method for applying phosphorus potash fertilizer for the second time respectively respectively at March of Second Year, June；(3) fly net is taken：Early and middle ten dayses tea tree flowering initial stage in October, it is 1.8~2m to build height above pollination elite stand Pollination frame, fly net is covered and is fixed on pollination frame, 0.6m fly net is stayed below the surrounding of pollination frame It is trapped among the ground of the surrounding of pollination elite stand and uses soil compaction；(4) collection and preservation of paternal pollen：Bloomed peak period in male parent, sunny day or the afternoon 17 at cloudy day:00~19:00, choosing Loosening, milky, the bud that a bud just ready to burst are selected, spreads to strike after 12~15h pollen maturations at shady and cool drying and takes pollen, loading is kept away In light wide-mouth bottle, paternal pollen is obtained；(5) artificial pollination：Bloomed peak period in female parent, in sunny day or the morning 8 at cloudy day:00~11:00 is carried out, and is selected raw in height Petal bursts forth 1/3, physically well developed on tree fir brachyplast, flower bright in colour is spent as pollination, hangs up tag identifier, and extracts same The other buds of branch, then by paternal pollen obtained by a small amount of step (4) on the writing brush libation at an ancient wedding ceremony, lightly it is applied to above-mentioned pollination and takes, directly Untill golden yellow is presented in the column cap of above-mentioned pollination flower；(6) sparse branching leaf：Elite stand after artificial pollination, in the range of 3~4 layers, remaining branches and leaves is plucked in time for fluffy face blade layer control Remove.
- 2. a kind of double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rate methods of raising according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) deburring is that the branches and leaves at tree crown the right and left periphery 20cm by every row tea tree are wiped out.
- A kind of 3. method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) cutting depth of the ditch is 15~20cm, and the dosage of the phosphorus potash fertilizer is 25~30kg/ mus.
- A kind of 4. method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) fly net is the nylon fly net of 80 mesh.
- A kind of 5. method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) paternal pollen obtained in 3 days using finishing, that is, need to carry out the artificial pollination of step (5).
- A kind of 6. method for improving double clonal cultivar Cross fertile rates according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (5) described physically well develop refers to without deformity, without the flower in disease pest harm, build；To big in 24 hours drops after the pollination Rain, it need to pollinate again.
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