CN110074111B - Treating agent and method for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate - Google Patents
Treating agent and method for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110074111B CN110074111B CN201910405843.2A CN201910405843A CN110074111B CN 110074111 B CN110074111 B CN 110074111B CN 201910405843 A CN201910405843 A CN 201910405843A CN 110074111 B CN110074111 B CN 110074111B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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Abstract
The invention relates to a treating agent and a method for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate, belonging to the technical field of millet hybridization. The treating agent for improving the millet hybridization seed setting rate is a composite aqueous solution containing gibberellin, indoleacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid; the mass concentration of the gibberellin is 10-30 mg/L; the mass concentration of the indoleacetic acid is 0.1-0.5 mg/L; the mass concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 100-150 mg/L. The treating agent provided by the invention can improve the millet hybridization seed setting rate by combining gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid and indoleacetic acid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of millet hybridization, in particular to a treating agent and a method for improving millet hybridization maturing rate.
Background
Millet (Setaria italica Beauv.) is an important crop in arid and semiarid regions in northern China, and has the characteristics of drought resistance, carbuncle resistance, strong adaptability and the like. Millet belongs to self-pollinated crops, has small flower receptacle and little pollen amount, and often shows incompatibility in hybridization and low outcrossing fruiting rate. The hybrid millet can fully utilize the heterosis, greatly improve the yield of the millet and enhance the stress resistance of the millet.
Researchers at home and abroad adopt methods of prolonging the growth period, spraying foliar fertilizer, increasing source-reservoir flow coordination, treating stigma by organic solvent, treating temperature, treating plant growth substances and the like to improve the hybridization maturing rate of millet, and although certain progress is made, the hybridization maturing rate of millet cannot be obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treating agent and a method for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate. The treating agent provided by the invention can improve the millet hybridization seed setting rate by combining gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid and indoleacetic acid.
The invention provides a treating agent for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate, which is an aqueous solution containing gibberellin, indoleacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid;
the mass concentration of the gibberellin is 10-30 mg/L;
the mass concentration of the indoleacetic acid is 0.1-0.5 mg/L;
the mass concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 100-150 mg/L.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the gibberellin is 25 mg/L; the mass concentration of the indoleacetic acid is 0.2 mg/L; the mass concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 130 mg/L.
The invention also provides a method for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate based on the treating agent in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
1) sowing the millet parents and sowing the male parents in stages;
2) when the female parent begins to bloom, trimming the ears; the ear trimming comprises: selecting robust ears, cutting off small ear codes at the upper part and the lower part of the ears, cutting off partial small ear codes in the middle of the ears at intervals, and reserving 6-8 small ear codes; cutting off seta of the spikelet codes; clamping off blossoms which have already opened or are dysplastic; bagging;
3) removing the bags covered in the step 2) one day before hybridization, wrapping the spikes of the female parent by using fully-soaked filter paper, and covering a freshness protection bag to obtain the stamen-killed female parent spikes;
4) collecting pollen of the male parent, and spreading the pollen on the castration female parent ear for pollination to obtain a pollinated female parent;
5) and (3) smearing the treating agent in the technical scheme on the stigma of the female parent after pollination, and sleeving a paper bag.
Preferably, in the sowing of the step 1), the female parent and the male parent are sown adjacently.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and spraying a boric acid aqueous solution in the millet filling period.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the boric acid in the boric acid aqueous solution is 4-6 g/L.
Preferably, the collecting of step 4) is performed using a paper bag of sulfuric acid.
Preferably, the pollination time in the step 4) is 2-3 times.
Preferably, the coating amount of the treating agent in the step 5) is 0.1-0.2 mL/column head.
The invention provides a treating agent for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate. The treating agent can greatly improve the hybridization maturing rate of the millet by combining gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid and indoleacetic acid, the millet belongs to self-pollinated crops, the hybridization maturing rate is less than 10%, and the improvement range of the hybridization maturing rate (maturing rate is harvest seed number/hybridization flower number multiplied by 100) reaches 10-20% which is 2-3 times higher than that of the existing artificial pollination method; the operation method of the treating agent is simple, convenient and easy to operate, easy to master skillfully and good in repeatability; the treating agent has wide application range, is suitable for hybridization combination of a plurality of varieties (lines) of millet, and is also very effective for certain combinations with extremely low hybridization maturing rate. The test result shows that the hybrid plant not treated by the treating agent is used as a control, and the improvement range of the hybrid seed setting rate of the plant using the treating agent reaches 10.94-20.79%.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a treating agent for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate, which is an aqueous solution containing gibberellin, indoleacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid;
the mass concentration of the gibberellin is 10-30 mg/L;
the mass concentration of the indoleacetic acid is 0.1-0.5 mg/L;
the mass concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 100-150 mg/L.
The treating agent for improving the millet hybridization seed setting rate comprises gibberellin with the mass concentration of 10-30 mg/L, and more preferably 25 mg/L. In the invention, the gibberellin plays a role in promoting cell division and increasing millet maturing efficiency in the treatment agent. The source of the gibberellin is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a conventional commercially available gibberellin product well known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The treating agent for improving the millet hybridization maturing rate comprises indoleacetic acid with the mass concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg/L, and more preferably 0.2 mg/L. In the invention, the role of the indoleacetic acid in the treatment agent is to promote the ripening and the fructification of the millet. The source of said indole acetic acid in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventional commercial indole acetic acid known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The treating agent for improving the millet hybridization maturing rate comprises naphthylacetic acid with the mass concentration of 100-150 mg/L, and more preferably 130 mg/L. In the invention, the naphthalene acetic acid in the treating agent has the functions of promoting the ripeness of the millet and improving the maturing efficiency. The source of the naphthylacetic acid in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventional commercial product of naphthylacetic acid known to those skilled in the art may be used. The treating agent provided by the invention combines gibberellin, indoleacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid, and the obtained effect is that the hormone combination which is most suitable for improving the millet setting percentage is prepared by adjusting the proportion of gibberellin, indoleacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid.
The invention also provides a method for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate based on the treating agent in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
1) sowing the millet parents and sowing the male parents in stages;
2) when the female parent begins to bloom, trimming the ears; the ear trimming comprises: selecting robust ears, cutting off small ear codes at the upper part and the lower part of the ears, cutting off partial small ear codes in the middle of the ears at intervals, and reserving 6-8 small ear codes; cutting off seta of the spikelet codes; clamping off blossoms which have already opened or are dysplastic; bagging;
3) removing the bags covered in the step 2) one day before hybridization, wrapping the spikes of the female parent by using fully-soaked filter paper, and covering a freshness protection bag to obtain the stamen-killed female parent spikes;
4) collecting pollen of the male parent, and spreading the pollen on the castration female parent ear for pollination to obtain a pollinated female parent;
5) applying the treating agent of claim 1 to stigma of female parent after pollination, and covering with paper bag.
The invention seeds the millet parent and the male parent by stages. In the present invention, the female parent and the male parent are preferably sown adjacently at the time of sowing. In the invention, the staged seeding of the male parent is beneficial to meeting the flowering phases of the male parent and the female parent.
In the present invention, the method further comprises: and spraying a boric acid aqueous solution in the millet filling period. In the invention, the mass concentration of boric acid in the boric acid aqueous solution is 4-6 g/L, and preferably 5 g/L. In the invention, the boric acid has the functions of promoting the millet to bloom and improving the seed setting rate.
The invention carries out ear trimming when the female parent begins to bloom; the ear trimming comprises: selecting robust ears, cutting off small ear codes at the upper part and the lower part of the ears, cutting off partial small ear codes in the middle of the ears at intervals, and reserving 6-8 small ear codes; cutting off seta of the spikelet codes; clamping off blossoms which have already opened or are dysplastic; and (6) bagging. In the present invention, the retained spikelet codes are preferably sparsely dispersed. The method preferably reserves more than 10-20 days of flowers which can be opened on each spikelet.
The invention removes the bags covered in the step 2) one day before hybridization, wraps the ear of the female parent by using fully-soaked filter paper, and covers the ear of the female parent with a freshness protection bag to obtain the stamen-killed female parent ear. The male killing effect is good, and the male killing rate is as high as 90%.
The invention collects pollen of male parent, and spreads the pollen on the ear of female parent for pollination, so as to obtain the female parent after pollination. In the present invention, the collection is preferably performed using a sulfuric acid paper bag. The invention uses the sulfuric acid paper bag to collect pollen. In the invention, the number of pollination is preferably 2-3.
The treating agent of the technical scheme is smeared on the stigma of the female parent after pollination, and a paper bag is sleeved on the stigma. The treatment agent applied to the technical scheme can improve the setting rate. In the invention, the coating amount of the treating agent is 0.1-0.2 mL/column head.
The treatment agent and method for improving the cross-maturing rate of millet according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) And (5) planting the parents. The varieties (lines) which are predetermined as parents are sown adjacently as much as possible, and when the male parents are sown, the male parents are sown in stages so as to ensure that the florescence of the male parents meet the florescence of the female parents.
(2) And (4) spraying boric acid. And spraying boric acid water solution with the concentration of 5g/L in the millet filling period.
(3) And (6) trimming the ears. When the female parent begins to bloom, selecting robust ears, cutting off the small ear codes at the upper part, the lower part and the middle part, and reserving 6-8 small ear codes. Cutting off the seta of the spikelet, clipping off the blossoms which are already opened and have poor development by using forceps, only leaving the healthy blossoms which are about to be opened, and bagging.
(4) And (4) castration. The common castration method for the millet comprises the steps of warm ironing collective castration and artificial single flower castration, the castration method adopted in the invention is that the bag sleeved in the step 2) is removed one day before hybridization, completely soaked filter paper is used for wrapping the ear of the female parent, and then a freshness protection bag is sleeved for killing the stamen.
(5) And (5) pollination. Collecting pollen of male parent with sulfuric acid paper bag, and spreading on the anther-killed ear of female parent. In order to improve the maturing rate, continuous pollination is needed for 2-3 times. And after pollination is finished, smearing 0.1-0.2ml of the treating agent on the stigma of the female parent, sleeving a paper bag, tying a small card, and writing a combination name and date.
Example 2
The experiment (124 degrees 44'E and 56 degrees 29' N) was carried out in the billow pasture of Daqing city of Heilongjiang province in 2017. The soil type sandy loam, the previous crop is corn. In 5-month middle ten days, the millet variety (series) Longgu 33, the drill white, the tender rice 15, the Yangu No. 1, the red rice No. 6, the PZ65Ljwl, the PZ55dw2, the red rice No. 6, the tender rice 15, the PZ652014 and the Yugu No. 1 are sown in the field. Parents were planted adjacently according to the hybridization combinations shown in table 1. In the middle and last ten days of 7 months, after the ears of the millet are spilt, before a large amount of flowers bloom, selecting robust ears from the female parent, shearing small ear codes at the upper part and the lower part by using a scissors, trimming the small ear codes at the reserved part to be sparse and dispersed, then shooting the bloomes which are already bloomed and the bloomes which are late bloomed on the reserved small ear codes by using a sharp mouth, carefully avoiding the bristles (if the bristles are clamped, the left bloomes can be damaged), picking off the bloomes one by one, only leaving more than ten to twenty two bloomes on each small ear code, and bagging the female parent after the ears are finished. One day before hybridization, the bag covered in the step 2) is removed, the ear of the female parent is wrapped by the completely soaked filter paper, and then a freshness protection bag is covered to kill the stamen. The hybridization is carried out in the morning on a sunny day, male parent pollen is collected by a sulfuric acid paper bag and is scattered on the female parent ears which are subjected to male killing. In order to improve the seed setting rate, continuous pollination is needed for 2-3 times.
After pollination, 0.1-0.2mL of aqueous solution containing gibberellin with concentration of 25mg/L, indoleacetic acid with concentration of 0.2mg/L and naphthylacetic acid with concentration of 130mg/L is lightly smeared on stigma of a female parent by a fine hair brush, a paper bag is sleeved on the stigma, small cards are tied on the stigma, and the name and the date of the combination are written. Seeds were harvested at 30 days 9 months and control was made with the hybrid plants not treated with treatment agent. The improvement range of the hybrid seed set rate reaches 10.94-20.79%, the number of the hybrid flowers, the obtained seeds and the hybrid seed set rate (seed set rate is the number of harvested seeds/(number of hybrid flowers) × 100) of each combination are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 millet hybrid seed set percentage for different hybridization combinations
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A treating agent for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate is characterized in that the treating agent is a composite aqueous solution containing gibberellin, indoleacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid;
the mass concentration of the gibberellin is 10-30 mg/L;
the mass concentration of the indoleacetic acid is 0.1-0.5 mg/L;
the mass concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 100-150 mg/L.
2. The treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein the gibberellin is present at a mass concentration of 25 mg/L; the mass concentration of the indoleacetic acid is 0.2 mg/L; the mass concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 130 mg/L.
3. A method for improving millet cross-maturing rate based on the treating agent of claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
1) sowing the millet parents and sowing the male parents in stages;
2) when the female parent begins to bloom, trimming the ears; the ear trimming comprises: selecting robust ears, cutting off small ear codes at the upper part and the lower part of the ears, cutting off partial small ear codes in the middle of the ears at intervals, and reserving 6-8 small ear codes; cutting off seta of the spikelet codes; clamping off blossoms which have already opened or are dysplastic; bagging;
3) removing the bags covered in the step 2) one day before hybridization, wrapping the spikes of the female parent by using fully-soaked filter paper, and covering a freshness protection bag to obtain the stamen-killed female parent spikes;
4) collecting pollen of the male parent, and spreading the pollen on the castration female parent ear for pollination to obtain a pollinated female parent;
5) applying the treating agent of claim 1 or 2 to stigma of female parent after pollination, and covering with paper bag.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the female parent and the male parent are sown adjacently at the sowing of the step 1).
5. The method of claim 3, further comprising: and spraying a boric acid aqueous solution in the millet filling period.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mass concentration of boric acid in the aqueous solution of boric acid is 4 to 6 g/L.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein said collecting of step 4) is performed using a paper bag of sulfuric acid.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the number of pollinations in step 4) is 2-3.
9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the treating agent is applied in the step 5) in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2 mL/stigma.
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| CN115843805A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-28 | 北京天雨国际生态农业投资有限公司 | Plant growth promoting composition and preparation method thereof |
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