CN104472157A - Cultivation method for new okra varieties - Google Patents
Cultivation method for new okra varieties Download PDFInfo
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- CN104472157A CN104472157A CN201410665138.3A CN201410665138A CN104472157A CN 104472157 A CN104472157 A CN 104472157A CN 201410665138 A CN201410665138 A CN 201410665138A CN 104472157 A CN104472157 A CN 104472157A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for new okra varieties. The cultivation method includes seeding and planting management and sexual hybridization of okra parents, pollen activity of the okra parents is tested, the okra parents are assisted in sexual hybridization by means of manual castration and pollination when the pollen activity of the okra parents reaches more than 30%, seeds are collected, hybrid progenies are screened and purified, expressed characters of the parents and the hybrid progenies are compared in the same planting environment, the hybrid progenies with excellent characters are screened out and inbred, and the excellent characters are purified and stabilized. The okra varieties 'Wu Fu' and 'pentagon' are used as female parents, red okra is used as a male parent, sexual hybridization is performed by means of manual pollination, and the obtained new okra varieties have the advantages of nutrient-rich pods, long collecting period, high yield per mu and the like as compared with the female parents 'Wu Fu' and 'pentagon', have the advantages of excellent pod quality, short plant form, lodging resistance and the like as compared with the male parent red okra, and are novel healthcare new vegetable varieties with excellent quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to New Vegetable Varieties and breed field, be specifically related to a kind of breeding method of okra new varieties.
Background technology
Okra is current a kind of novel high-grade nutritive health-care vegetable.Okra kind common on market is " five happinesses " and " five jiaos " etc., " five happinesses " and " five jiaos " are respectively the okra kind of Taiwan and Japan's cultivation, its fruit is green, there is short, the resistant to lodging and fruit good characteristics such as pod is best in quality of plant type, but compared with Rodococcus sp J-5, nutritive value is lower slightly and picking time is slightly short.Rodococcus sp J-5 fruit is red, has long, nutrition more horn of plenty, the more high merit of output picking time, but when its fruit pod eats mouthfeel comparatively okra is poor.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of breeding method of okra new varieties, and the okra proterties obtained is excellent.
Technical scheme: a kind of breeding method of okra new varieties, comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing of parent and nursery: before sowing, basal dressing is also deep ploughed to soil; Ridging, row spacing 1.3 meters is high 10 centimeters; Select okra " five happinesses " and " five jiaos " two kinds as female parent, Rodococcus sp J-5 is hybridized as male parent, sows according to a parent's kind point ridge, every ridge planting 2 row, every bunch planting kind 1 ~ 2;
(2) cultivation management: during plantation, is suitable for watering less seedling stage; When plant strain growth is accelerated and buddings, water and impose urea, carrying out the extermination of disease and insect pest in time;
(3) mensuration of parent's Pollen Activity: adopt triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) method to measure Pollen Activity, hybridize when determining that parent's Pollen Activity is more than 30%;
(4) producing Crossbred: in the afternoon, the maternal bud standard of selection is the healthy bud opened next day to emasculation selection of time, and the stamen in being spent is removed clean; Pollinated by 10 o'clock at 7 o'clock in morning next day, win the flower that male parent is opening, remove corolla, its pollen is exposed, then gently, dips in equably on the column cap of female parent, after pollination terminates, carry out bagging;
(5) seed obtained after collecting hybridization: distinguish the seed that different hybridization of female parent obtains during collection, dry, is placed in the dry environment ventilated and preserves, carry out live test when being convenient to contrast with parent;
(6) property determination of hybrid generation and selection: sow the F 1 and its parent that have obtained simultaneously under identical cultivation condition, carry out sowing and cultivation management, compare the Traits change between them, find out the hybrid generation that proterties is better than parent;
(7) purifying of filial generation proterties is with stable: sow garbled hybrid generation, allow it carry out selfing, excellent and stable the cultivating as new varieties of selection traits in its offspring.
Preferably, step (1) basal dressing to be the content of organic matter be 40% chicken manure fertile, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields according to the consumption of 1000kg/ mu.
Further, during step (1) sowing, every ridge planting two row okra, line-spacing is 100 centimeters, and the distance of going together between every cave is 60 centimeters.Because okra branches and leaves are dense and have fine hair, affected it ventilated so plant secret meeting, branches and leaves are easily fallen ill; Distance between every cave is 60 centimeters can ensure that okra air permeability when planting is good, and this decreases the generation of disease to a certain extent.
Further, in step (2) during okra cultivation management, based on major branch during result, extract side shoot in time, to prevent nutrient consumption, and suitably beat the Lao Ye of base portion, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, reduce the generation of disease.
Preferably, step (2) irrigation amount in middle seedling stage controls to irrigate once at 5 ~ 6 days, when plant strain growth is accelerated and buddings, irrigation amount is brought up to 4 ~ 5 days and is irrigated once, impose urea, urea adopts the mode of spreading manuer in holes, the consumption in every cave is 50g, and when spreading manuer in holes, the degree of depth is 10 ~ 15 centimeters, and seedling stage the Rogor 1000 times of liquid spraying 40% are prevented and treated aphid insect pest.
Further, because okra belongs to androgynous plant, and in the spending of okra, stamen and column cap are separated by very near, therefore in step (4) during emasculation, the stamen in flower of female parent is all removed by application elbow tweezers carefully, should note not allowing column cap be infected with pollen during emasculation, avoid self-pollination, obtain false hybridization achievement.
Further, when carrying out the property determination of hybrid generation in step (6), from live breeding time situation, fruit product features and output three aspect measure.Can reflect live breeding time the seeding stage of okra, squaring period and picking time length etc., fruit product characteristics can reflect the quality of okra fruit pod quality, and output is also that good characteristic the most directly reflects.
Beneficial effect: the present invention utilizes okra kind " five happinesses " and " five jiaos " to do female parent, Rodococcus sp J-5 does male parent, sexual hybridization is carried out by the mode of artificial pollination, the okra new varieties obtained are compared with " five jiaos " with maternal " five happinesses ", have that tender pod is nutritious, picking time is long, per mu yield comparatively high, compare with male parent Rodococcus sp J-5, there is the characteristics such as tender pod is best in quality, plant type is short, resistant to lodging, be colory new type of health New Vegetable Varieties, the present invention is that novel vegetable kind provides a kind of breeding method.
Embodiment
Below technical solution of the present invention is described in detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: a kind of method of cultivating okra new varieties, carry out according to following process:
The first step, the sowing of parent and nursery: basal dressing before sowing, the chicken manure of base manure to be the content of organic matter be 40% (mass percent) is fertile, evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields, and deep plough to soil according to the consumption of 1000kg/ mu; Ridging, row spacing about 1.3 meters is high about 10 centimeters; Select okra " five happinesses " as maternal, Rodococcus sp J-5 is hybridized as male parent, sows according to a parent's kind point ridge, every ridge planting 2 row, and line-spacing is 100 centimeters; Every bunch planting kind 1 ~ 2, the distance of going together between every cave is 60 centimeters.
Second step, cultivation management: during plantation, be suitable for seedling stage watering less, irrigation amount controls at 5 days once, to irrigate; When plant strain growth is accelerated and buddings, increase irrigation amount, irrigation amount brings up to 4 days once, irrigates; Impose urea, urea adopts the mode of spreading manuer in holes, and the consumption in every cave is 50g, notices that the degree of depth is 10 ~ 12 centimeters when spreading manuer in holes; Rogor 1000 times of liquid of seedling spraying 40% are prevented and treated aphid insect pest, prevent its viral disease that spreads disease.
3rd step, the mensuration of parent's Pollen Activity: adopt triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) method to measure Pollen Activity.Hybridize when determining that parent's Pollen Activity is more than 30%.
4th step, producing Crossbred: in the afternoon, the maternal bud standard of selection is the healthy bud opened next day to emasculation selection of time.During emasculation, carefully stamen is all removed with elbow tweezers.Because gynoecium and column cap are separated by very near, so need carefully to remove stamen thoroughly, should note during emasculation not allowing column cap be infected with pollen, avoid self-pollination.Pollination is carried out between 7 o'clock to the 10 o'clock morning of next day.Win the flower that male parent is opening, remove corolla, its pollen is exposed, then gently, dips in equably on column cap, after pollination terminates, carry out bagging.
5th step, the seed obtained after collecting hybridization: during collection, caution area separates the seed that different hybridization of female parent obtains, and dries, is placed in the dry environment ventilated and preserves, carry out live test when being convenient to contrast with parent.
6th step, property determination and the selection of hybrid generation: under identical cultivation condition, sow the F 1 and its parent that have obtained simultaneously, carry out sowing and cultivation management, compare the Traits change between them, find out the hybrid generation that proterties is better than parent.When carrying out the property determination of hybrid generation, from live breeding time situation, fruit product features and output three aspect measure.Can reflect live breeding time the seeding stage of okra, squaring period and picking time length etc.; Fruit product characteristics can reflect the quality of okra fruit pod quality; Output is also that good characteristic the most directly reflects.
7th step, the purifying of filial generation proterties is with stable: sow garbled hybrid generation, allow it carry out selfing, what in its offspring, selection traits was excellent and stable carries out cultivating and promoting as new varieties.
Embodiment 2: roughly the same with embodiment 1, difference selects okra " five jiaos " as maternal; During second step cultivation management, seedling stage, irrigation amount controlled at 6 days once; When plant strain growth is accelerated and buddings, irrigation amount brings up to 5 days once, and the degree of depth of spreading manuer in holes when imposing urea is 12 ~ 15 centimeters.
The present invention can cultivate the okra new varieties with good characteristic, and not only fruit pod mouthfeel is good, nutritious, commodity value is higher, and picking time is long, output is high, for new type of health vegetables provide new quality product kind.See the following form with the Character Comparison of common variety:
As mentioned above, although represented with reference to specific preferred embodiment and described the present invention, it shall not be construed as the restriction to the present invention self.Under the spirit and scope of the present invention prerequisite not departing from claims definition, various change can be made in the form and details to it.
Claims (7)
1. a breeding method for okra new varieties, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) sowing of parent and nursery: before sowing, basal dressing is also deep ploughed to soil; Ridging, row spacing 1.3 meters is high 10 centimeters; Select okra " five happinesses " and " five jiaos " two kinds as female parent, Rodococcus sp J-5 is hybridized as male parent, sows according to a parent's kind point ridge, every ridge planting 2 row, every bunch planting kind 1 ~ 2;
(2) cultivation management: during plantation, is suitable for watering less seedling stage; When plant strain growth is accelerated and buddings, water and impose urea, carrying out the extermination of disease and insect pest in time;
(3) mensuration of parent's Pollen Activity: adopt triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) method to measure Pollen Activity, hybridize when determining that parent's Pollen Activity is more than 30%;
(4) producing Crossbred: in the afternoon, the maternal bud standard of selection is the healthy bud opened next day to emasculation selection of time, and the stamen in being spent is removed clean; Pollinated by 10 o'clock at 7 o'clock in morning next day, win the flower that male parent is opening, remove corolla, its pollen is exposed, then gently, dips in equably on the column cap of female parent, after pollination terminates, carry out bagging;
(5) seed obtained after collecting hybridization: distinguish the seed that different hybridization of female parent obtains during collection, dry, is placed in the dry environment ventilated and preserves, carry out live test when being convenient to contrast with parent;
(6) property determination of hybrid generation and selection: sow the F 1 and its parent that have obtained simultaneously under identical cultivation condition, carry out sowing and cultivation management, compare the Traits change between them, find out the hybrid generation that proterties is better than parent;
(7) purifying of filial generation proterties is with stable: sow garbled hybrid generation, allow it carry out selfing, excellent and stable the cultivating as new varieties of selection traits in its offspring.
2. the breeding method of okra new varieties according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (1) basal dressing to be the content of organic matter be 40% chicken manure fertile, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields according to the consumption of 1000kg/ mu.
3. the breeding method of okra new varieties according to claim 1, is characterized in that: during step (1) sowing, every ridge planting two row okra, line-spacing is 100 centimeters, and the distance of going together between every cave is 60 centimeters.
4. the breeding method of okra new varieties according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2) during okra cultivation management, based on major branch during result, extract side shoot in time, and suitably beats the Lao Ye of base portion.
5. the breeding method of okra new varieties according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (2) irrigation amount in middle seedling stage controls to irrigate once at 5 ~ 6 days, when plant strain growth is accelerated and buddings, irrigation amount is brought up to 4 ~ 5 days and is irrigated once, impose urea, urea adopts the mode of spreading manuer in holes, the consumption in every cave is 50g, and when spreading manuer in holes, the degree of depth is 10 ~ 15 centimeters, and seedling stage the Rogor 1000 times of liquid spraying 40% are prevented and treated aphid insect pest.
6. the breeding method of okra new varieties according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (4) during emasculation, and the stamen in flower of female parent is all removed by application elbow tweezers carefully, does not allow column cap be infected with pollen.
7. the breeding method of okra new varieties according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when carrying out the property determination of hybrid generation in step (6), from live breeding time situation, fruit product features and output three aspect measure.
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| CN201410665138.3A CN104472157B (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | A kind of breeding method of Abelmoschus esculentus new varieties |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN104969769A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-14 | 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 | Hybrid seed production method of sterile line of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn. |
| CN104982329A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-21 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Artificial emasculation hybrid seed production method for okra |
| CN105103912A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-02 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | High-yield planting method for okra |
| CN107295967A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-27 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of gumbo combined hybrid method |
| CN107396831A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-28 | 莆田市闽华农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Day neutral Rodococcus sp J-5 selection for being suitable for topping production |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104969769A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-14 | 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 | Hybrid seed production method of sterile line of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn. |
| CN104982329A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-21 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Artificial emasculation hybrid seed production method for okra |
| CN104969769B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-07-11 | 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 | A kind of sterile line hybrid breeding method of gumbo |
| CN105103912A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-02 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | High-yield planting method for okra |
| CN107295967A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-27 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of gumbo combined hybrid method |
| CN107396831A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-28 | 莆田市闽华农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Day neutral Rodococcus sp J-5 selection for being suitable for topping production |
| CN114208604A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-22 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Intelligence-promoting cross breeding method |
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| CN104472157B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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