CN103931485A - Method for crossbreeding okra - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for crossbreeding okra. Aiming at the flowering habit of the okra, the method comprising the steps of parent purification, parent isolation, artificial pollination, fruit management and seed harvest is established, so that an okra seed with excellent character can be obtained. Parent flowers can be uniformly isolated, a traditional okra hybridizing method can be effectively simplified, the artificial cost can be saved by about 50 percent on the premise of the same pollination rate if the method is adopted for hybridization, and the seed collection amount is increased by 20 percent.

Description

A kind of cross breeding method of okra

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural planting field, be specifically related to a kind of cross breeding method of okra.

Background technology

Okra ( hibiscus esulentusl.) have another name called gumbo folder, coffee ambrette, kidney tonifying grass, Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis flower, swordweed, goat's horn dish, Vietnam's sesame, foreign capsicum etc., for Malvaceae Abelmoschus annual herb plant, originate in Africa, all there is distribution existing countries in the world, and more with ground cultivations such as the U.S., Japan, India, country in Southeast Asia and Europe Africa Middle Easts, also there is plantation in a lot of provinces of China.Because gumbo mouthfeel is soft, there is special fragrance and local flavor, the juice in its tender fruit has helping digest, strengthens muscle power, effect of protection liver, strong kidney qi-restoratives, the whole intestines of stomach invigorating, makes its product more and more be subject in recent years liking of compatriots.

Okra flower Dan Sheng is hermaphrodite flower.From occurring that bud is to the general 10-15 days of blooming, with the growth of blossoming, sepal color is by dark green thin out, sepal head is by tightly fluffing and slightly opening, approach and bloom, open more obvious, and the obvious purpling of corolla base portion now, can be observed the variation of this color at sepal outward, can determine thus flowering time.Be generally afternoon on the previous day 6:00-7:00 corolla start stretch, sepal is softened, to the 2nd day morning, 8:00-9:00 reached best open state, now, corolla opens completely, and style and staminal tube extend and reach maximum, and pollen sheds from flower pesticide, filigree extends when blooming, a part of flower pesticide is adhered to automatically and on column cap, complete pollinating process; Meanwhile, afternoon on the same day, 2:00-3:00 corolla closure, also can make pollen and column cap be adhered together, and reached the object of pollination.Can reach higher pollination rate by cross breeding method of the present invention, effectively increase seed production.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cross breeding method of okra, the present invention can effectively simplify the conventional hybridization method of okra, reaches higher pollination rate simultaneously, effectively increases seed production.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A cross breeding method for okra, is for okra flowering habit, a set of cross breeding method that comprises parent's purifying, parent's isolation, artificial pollination, fruit management and seed collection of foundation;

Comprise the following steps:

1) parent's purifying: plastic ties is cut into 15 cm long, and tears into slice, to facilitate knotting; In plant blossom, first 1 day 15:00-18:00 pinions band portion calyx place, flower top to isolate by plastic ties, flower cannot be opened, and carry out mark; Within second day, allow its self-pollination, after pollination, normal cultivation, collects the parental seed of purifying; Determine the flowering time according to being: observe corolla, if the slightly outstanding calyx of yellow petal, can bloom next day;

2) parent's isolation: gained parental seed is sowed, cultivated to flowering stage, male parent flower was isolated by step 1) method in first 1 day in blooming; Within maternal 1 day before blooming, divest with the corolla that have gentle hands gently encases flower top column cap, only expose column cap, it is complete that other corolla keeps, and then with rope, petal pinioned, and column cap part is entangled and isolated with paper bag;

3) artificial pollination: take apart and entangle maternal paper bag, expose column cap, male parent flower is taken, remove plastic ties, removal of petal rolls the flower pesticide of male parent 1-2 time on maternal column cap, and pollinia is closely adhered on column cap, entangle and clip with paper bag again, and carry out pollination mark in base of fruit place;

4) fruit management and seed collection: after pollination, the fruit pod not pollinating on maternal plant is cut off, to reduce plant nutrition loss, normal field management; When the fruit pericarp growing moves back green drying up, when turning white spalling, with scissors, carpopodium is cut off on head, collect fruit; The fruit of gathering is tanned by the sun to 3-5 days under the sun, and seed shines 2-3 days after taking out again, and close drying is placed on 4 DEG C of following refrigerations or refrigerated storage.

The conventional hybridization method of okra be before blooming 1 day morning with tweezers or blade, the sepal of flower of female parent is torn gently and is removed, along the direction of corolla rotation, petal is removed one by one again, make it expose flower pesticide, then gently flower pesticide is peeled off from staminal tube with tweezers, except after flower pesticide, flower of female parent being overlapped to paper bag isolation; Male parent flower is 1 afternoon bagging before blooming, and when male parent flower completely open, take off paper bag when 8-10 the 2nd day morning, petal is removed with tweezers or blade; Take off maternal paper bag, staminal tube is rolled 1-2 time on column cap, see that pollinia closely adheres on column cap, then put paper bag and clip.Its operating process complexity, labor intensive amount is large, and the present invention, by unified parent's flower isolation, can effectively simplify the conventional hybridization method of okra, adopt the inventive method to hybridize and can in the situation that realizing identical pollination rate, save cost of labor 50% left and right, make seed collecting amount increase by 20%.

Embodiment

A cross breeding method for okra, is for okra flowering habit, a set of cross breeding method that comprises parent's purifying, parent's isolation, artificial pollination, fruit management and seed collection of foundation.

Comprise the following steps:

1) parent's purifying: plastic ties is cut into 15 cm long, and tears into slice, to facilitate knotting; In plant blossom, first 1 day 15:00-18:00 pinions band portion calyx place, flower top to isolate by plastic ties, flower cannot be opened, and carry out mark; Within second day, allow its self-pollination, after pollination, normal cultivation, collects the parental seed of purifying; Determine the flowering time according to being: observe corolla, if the slightly outstanding calyx of yellow petal, can bloom next day;

2) parent's isolation: gained parental seed is sowed, cultivated to flowering stage, male parent flower was isolated by step 1) method in first 1 day in blooming; Within maternal 1 day before blooming, divest with the corolla that have gentle hands gently encases flower top column cap, only expose column cap, it is complete that other corolla keeps, and then with rope, petal pinioned, and column cap part is entangled and isolated with paper bag;

3) artificial pollination: take apart and entangle maternal paper bag, expose column cap, male parent flower is taken, remove plastic ties, removal of petal rolls the flower pesticide of male parent 1-2 time on maternal column cap, and pollinia is closely adhered on column cap, entangle and clip with paper bag again, and carry out pollination mark in base of fruit place;

4) fruit management and seed collection: after pollination, the fruit pod not pollinating on maternal plant is cut off, to reduce plant nutrition loss, normal field management; When the fruit pericarp growing moves back green witheredly, when turning white spalling, with scissors, carpopodium is cut off on head, and collect smooth circle and slip fruit; The fruit of gathering is tanned by the sun to 3-5 days under the sun, beat gently taking-up seed with bamboo bar, seed shines 2-3 days after taking out again, and close drying is placed on 4 DEG C of following refrigerations or refrigerated storages.

Adopt the inventive method to hybridize and can in the situation that realizing identical pollination rate, save cost of labor 50% left and right, make seed collecting amount increase by 20%.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a cross breeding method for okra, is characterized in that: for okra flowering habit, and a set of cross breeding method that comprises parent's purifying, parent's isolation, artificial pollination, fruit management and seed collection of foundation;

Comprise the following steps:

1) parent's purifying: plastic ties is cut into 15 cm long, and tears into slice, to facilitate knotting; In plant blossom, first 1 day 15:00-18:00 pinions band portion calyx place, flower top to isolate by plastic ties, flower cannot be opened, and carry out mark; Within second day, allow its self-pollination, after pollination, normal cultivation, collects the parental seed of purifying; Determine the flowering time according to being: observe corolla, if the slightly outstanding calyx of yellow petal, can bloom next day; ;

2) parent's isolation: gained parental seed is sowed, cultivated to flowering stage, male parent flower was isolated by step 1) method in first 1 day in blooming; Within maternal 1 day before blooming, divest with the corolla that have gentle hands gently encases flower top column cap, only expose column cap, it is complete that other corolla keeps, and then with rope, petal pinioned, and column cap part is entangled and isolated with paper bag;

3) artificial pollination: take apart and entangle maternal paper bag, expose column cap, male parent flower is taken, remove plastic ties, removal of petal rolls the flower pesticide of male parent 1-2 time on maternal column cap, and pollinia is closely adhered on column cap, entangle and clip with paper bag again, and carry out pollination mark in base of fruit place;

4) fruit management and seed collection: after pollination, the fruit pod not pollinating on maternal plant is cut off, to reduce plant nutrition loss, normal field management; When the fruit pericarp growing moves back green drying up, when turning white spalling, with scissors, carpopodium is cut off on head, collect fruit; The fruit of gathering is tanned by the sun to 3-5 days under the sun, and seed shines 2-3 days after taking out again, and close drying is placed on 4 DEG C of following refrigerations or refrigerated storage.