CN103262787A - Sexual hybridization method for abelmoschus esculentus - Google Patents
Sexual hybridization method for abelmoschus esculentus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262787A CN103262787A CN2013102020289A CN201310202028A CN103262787A CN 103262787 A CN103262787 A CN 103262787A CN 2013102020289 A CN2013102020289 A CN 2013102020289A CN 201310202028 A CN201310202028 A CN 201310202028A CN 103262787 A CN103262787 A CN 103262787A
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Abstract
The invention provides a sexual hybridization method for abelmoschus esculentus. The sexual hybridization method comprises the following steps of: 1. selecting a flower bud on a female parent, which can bloom in the second day in the afternoon of a sunny day; 2. aslant cutting in a place far away from a base part of the flower bud by 0.4-0.6cm for 0.4-0.6cm by using a pencil knife, cutting around the flower bud by 3-4 times, cutting out a corolla to expose a style, scraping a stamen on a stamen tube from bottom to top by using a knife back, wherein anthocaulus is marked, a parchment tube is sleeved on the style, the diameter of the parchment tube is 0.7-0.9cm, the length of the parchment tube is 3.5-4.0cm, and one end of the parchment tube is closed; and 3. extending a small box for collecting pollen into a male parent flower at 7:00-10:00 in the morning of the second day, slightly tapping the base part of the flower by using index fingers to ensure that the pollen falls in the small box without picking the flower, wherein the parchment tube on the style of the female parent is taken off, the pollen is coated on the stigma by using a writing brush, and the parchment tube is sleeved after the pollination is finished. According to the sexual hybridization method, the complete stigma and the stamen tube are remained when the female parent is subjected to castration, and thus the castration success rate and the working efficiency can be improved. The parchment tube is sleeved on the style, and thus the hybridized seed purity and the legume forming rate can be increased. The flower is remained when the pollen is taken, and thus a tender legume can be harvested.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gumbo sexual hybridization method.
Background technology
Gumbo is Malvaceae Abelmoschus annual herb plant, and based on the tender pod of searching for food, flower and seed also can be edible.It is higher to contain materials, particularly protein such as pectin, poly galactose, araban and flavones and calcium content in the juice of the tender pod of gumbo, and mineral element and vitamin content are apparently higher than Kidney bean.Taste lubrication when edible, unique flavor has the function of protecting liver stomach, kidney tonifying and antifatigue.Tender pod is rich in zinc, selenium and other trace elements, can strengthen human body anti-cancer, anti-cancer ability; The rich soluble dietary fiber can be taken away rubbish in the human body, and tender pod is low-yield food, is good nutrient weight-loss food.Seed can be used to oil expression, and its unsaturated fatty acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid are the edible oils of high-quality more than 70%; Dry seeds is baked and is worn into the substitute that powder can be used as coffee, is called as noncaffein " coffee ".Gumbo has good nutritive value and medical value, is a kind of high-grade health-care vegetable.
The jiangsu coast Area during Summer is hot and humid, and this area high yield and high quality is own of less types, and introduced variety needs to cultivate the high yield and high quality kind that adapts to this area ecotope to the ecotope bad adaptability of this area, and the sexual hybridization breeding is the breeding method of using always.
How to improve and castrate success rate, purity of hybrid and hybridize into the pod rate, forefathers have done the medium proposition castration of certain research bang and have taked free-hand, two hand thumbs are exerted oneself simultaneously round about, peel corolla, staminal tube off, expose green ovary and style, the next morning is taken the male parent flower when pollinating, and is applied to maternal column cap.Oldly proposition such as learn well and tear corolla off with tweezers, gently flower pesticide horizontal direction from the staminal tube is peeled off with the ophthalmology tweezers, take the male parent flower during the next morning pollination, be applied to maternal column cap.
The jiangsu coast Area during Summer is hot and humid, and the mucus of bud is abundant, style is carefully thin, when peelling off corolla, staminal tube, easily pulls apart style, reduces and castrates success rate.It is thin thin and column cap is relatively large to peel off the style of staminal tube, and the sheepskin paper tube that is enclosed within on the style drops easily, and non-paternal pollen can fall within maternal column cap because of external sources such as wind, worms, and exposed style is vulnerable to extraneous injury, reduces purity of hybrid and hybridizes into the pod rate.Peel off stamen with ophthalmology tweezers horizontal direction from the staminal tube, speed is slow, inefficiency.In addition, take the male parent flower when collecting pollen, reduced the tender pod output of male parent, reduced economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention wants the technical solution problem to provide a kind of gumbo sexual hybridization method, to overcome the above-mentioned defective that prior art exists.
Gumbo sexual hybridization method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) select maternal flower fine afternoon to select the bud of opening in second day maternal plant, the form characteristics are that bud is full, and the calyx that wraps up corolla presents transparent milk yellow, and the calyx vein is clear.
(2) remove stamen from the bud base portion upwards 0.4～0.6cm cut 3～4 cuttves with pencil-knife 45 ° of incision 0.4～0.6cm obliquely on every side along bud, cut corolla, expose column cap and stamen, with the knife back from bottom to top scraping be attached to the stamen of staminal tube.Mark at the anthocaulus little plastics board of button or rope, style puts the sheepskin paper tube.The form characteristics of sheepskin paper tube are: diameter 0.7～0.9cm, long 3.5～4.0cm, end sealing.
(3) gather pollen and pollination the next morning 7:00～10:00, stretch in the open flower of male parent with the capsule of collecting pollen, allow stamen place in the middle of the capsule, pat the flower base portion gently with forefinger, pollen is fallen in the capsule, do not win the male parent flower.Take away the sheepskin paper tube on the maternal style, with writing brush dip in get pollen gently, be coated on the column cap uniformly, recover the sheepskin paper tube after the pollination again.
Hybridization time preferably July in summer to carrying out between August, this moment the temperature height, rainfall is plentiful, is easy to growing of gumbo seed.
When the present invention's female parent is castrated, cut corolla according to bud form characteristics fast and accurately with pencil-knife.Scrape detassel from bottom to top with the knife back, can not injure column cap and staminal tube, intact reservation staminal tube avoids the mucus of bud to pull apart thin thin style, improves and castrates success rate and operating efficiency, castrates success rate and can be increased to 92%.Style puts the sheepskin paper tube of end sealing, effectively stop non-paternal pollen to fall within the injury of maternal column cap, the outer bound pair style of minimizing, purity of hybrid can reach 100%, and the emasculating method of hybridizing into pod rate comparable " peel corolla, staminal tube off, expose green ovary, style " improves more than 10%.Keep flower when collecting paternal pollen, paternal plant can be gathered in the crops tender pod, increases economic efficiency.
Embodiment
Fine afternoon, the form characteristics were that bud is full at the bud of maternal plant selection opening in second day, and the calyx of parcel corolla presents transparent milk yellow, and the calyx vein is clear.From the bud base portion upwards 0.4～0.6cm cut 3～4 cuttves with pencil-knife 45 ° of incision 0.4～0.6cm obliquely on every side along bud, cut corolla, expose column cap and stamen, with the knife back from bottom to top scraping be attached to the stamen of staminal tube.Mark at the anthocaulus little plastics board of button or rope, style puts the sheepskin paper tube.The form characteristics of sheepskin paper tube are: diameter 0.7～0.9cm, long 3.5～4.0cm, end sealing.The next morning 7:00～10:00 stretches in the open flower of male parent with the capsule of collecting pollen, allows stamen place in the middle of the capsule, pats the flower base portion gently with forefinger, and pollen is fallen in the capsule, does not win the male parent flower.Take away the sheepskin paper tube on the maternal style, with writing brush dip in get pollen gently, be coated on the column cap uniformly, recover the sheepskin paper tube after the pollination again.
The maternal later stage of hybridization bears fruit many, and nutritional requirement is big.Cultivation management suitable many nitrogen fertilizer applications in early stage promote plant strain growth, put up the high yield shelf.Bloom the back based on nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and nitrogenous fertilizer is unsuitable many, prevents plant excessive growth.Nourish and grow flowering stage and go forward side by side with reproductive growth, for avoiding suppressing late growing stage, remove 6～7 flower buds in bottom.Stay 1 flower to do hybridization every 1 joint position later on, 12 hybridization flowers are done in every strain, can improve crossbreed output.Enter the Sheng after date that bears pods, the plant leafing is accelerated, and in time extracts invalid Lao Ye, residual leaf, increases ventilation and penetrating light between strain, prevents decayed fruit.Spend the back to select the pod shell to become yellowish-brown in 55～65 days, the aging pod of dehiscence furrow occurs, cut off the carpopodium pod of gathering with scissors, pod dries the back threshing, cleans, and the seed cloth bag of packing into dries, and preserves in the environment of drying.
Claims (5)
1. gumbo sexual hybridization method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) select maternal flower fine afternoon to select the bud of opening in second day maternal plant, the form characteristics are that bud is full, and the calyx that wraps up corolla presents transparent milk yellow, and the calyx vein is clear.
(2) remove stamen from the bud base portion upwards 0.4～0.6cm cut 3～4 cuttves with pencil-knife 45 ° of incision 0.4～0.6cm obliquely on every side along bud, cut corolla, expose column cap and stamen, with the knife back from bottom to top scraping be attached to the stamen of staminal tube.Mark at the anthocaulus little plastics board of button or rope, style puts the sheepskin paper tube.The form characteristics of sheepskin paper tube are: diameter 0.7～0.9cm, long 3.5～4.0cm, end sealing.
(3) gather pollen and pollination the next morning 7:00～10:00, stretch in the open flower of male parent with the capsule of collecting pollen, allow stamen place in the middle of the capsule, pat the flower base portion gently with forefinger, pollen is fallen in the capsule, do not win the male parent flower.Take away the sheepskin paper tube on the maternal style, with writing brush dip in get pollen gently, be coated on the column cap uniformly, recover the sheepskin paper tube after the pollination again.
2. gumbo sexual hybridization method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wipes stamen from bottom to top off, keeps intact staminal tube.
3. gumbo sexual hybridization method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, style puts the sheepskin paper tube of end sealing.
4. gumbo sexual hybridization method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, pats male parent flower base portion gently with forefinger, and pollen is fallen in the capsule, does not win the male parent flower.
5. as each described gumbo sexual hybridization method of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that hybridization time is carried out during being chosen in July in summer to August.
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| CN2013102020289A CN103262787A (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2013-05-28 | Sexual hybridization method for abelmoschus esculentus |
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| CN2013102020289A CN103262787A (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2013-05-28 | Sexual hybridization method for abelmoschus esculentus |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103931485A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for crossbreeding okra |
| CN104472346A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-01 | 吴中区金庭小美华家庭农场 | Effective sexual hybridization technology of abelmoschus esculentus |
| CN104472157A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-01 | 中节能（汉川）光伏农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for new okra varieties |
| CN104969769A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-14 | 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 | Hybrid seed production method of sterile line of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn. |
| CN104982329A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-21 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Artificial emasculation hybrid seed production method for okra |
| CN107396831A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-28 | 莆田市闽华农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Day neutral Rodococcus sp J-5 selection for being suitable for topping production |
| CN114097414A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 国家林业和草原局泡桐研究开发中心 | Intelligent apricot pollen collector |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103931485A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for crossbreeding okra |
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| CN104472157A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-01 | 中节能（汉川）光伏农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for new okra varieties |
| CN104472346A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-01 | 吴中区金庭小美华家庭农场 | Effective sexual hybridization technology of abelmoschus esculentus |
| CN104969769A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-14 | 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 | Hybrid seed production method of sterile line of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn. |
| CN104982329A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-21 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Artificial emasculation hybrid seed production method for okra |
| CN104969769B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-07-11 | 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 | A kind of sterile line hybrid breeding method of gumbo |
| CN107396831A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-28 | 莆田市闽华农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Day neutral Rodococcus sp J-5 selection for being suitable for topping production |
| CN114097414A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 国家林业和草原局泡桐研究开发中心 | Intelligent apricot pollen collector |
| CN114097414B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-10-11 | 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所 | Intelligent apricot pollen collector |
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Application publication date: 20130828 |