CN104472346A - Effective sexual hybridization technology of abelmoschus esculentus - Google Patents

Effective sexual hybridization technology of abelmoschus esculentus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104472346A
CN104472346A CN201410850922.1A CN201410850922A CN104472346A CN 104472346 A CN104472346 A CN 104472346A CN 201410850922 A CN201410850922 A CN 201410850922A CN 104472346 A CN104472346 A CN 104472346A
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flower
pollen
okra
sexual hybridization
gumbo
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CN201410850922.1A
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CN104472346B (en
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周美华
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Zhongzhou Shenzhen Industrial Co., Ltd.
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WUZHONG DISTRICT JINTING XIAOMEIHUA FARMILY FARM
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Abstract

The invention discloses an effective sexual hybridization technology of abelmoschus esculentus. The effective sexual hybridization technology is characterized in that the mechanical spray technology is performed for pollination of abelmoschus esculentus so as to achieve effective sexual hybridization. The effective sexual hybridization technology specifically comprises the steps of removing corolla of flower bud of paternal flower of abelmoschus esculentus and drying in the shade to obtain powder; filtering and purifying to obtain pure powder; preparing suspension liquid through the pure powder; spraying the suspension liquid to maternal flower which is isolated before flowering; spraying and pollinating again after two to three days; cutting off non-pollinated capsules; then performing normal field management. With the adoption of the effective sexual hybridization technology of abelmoschus esculentus, the influence of weather and other natural factors on the pollination effect can be weakened; the manpower and cost are less than those in manual dropping for pollination, therefore, the efficiency is improved, and the output as well as the economic benefit of abelmoschus esculentus can be increased.

Description

A kind of efficient sexual hybridization technology of okra
Technical field:
The invention belongs to growing vegetables technical field, particularly a kind of efficient sexual hybridization technology of okra.
Background technology:
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench), having another name called gumbo, Abelmoschus esculentus, swordweed, kidney tonifying grass, loosestrife etc., is Malvaceae Abelmoschus annual herb plant.Gumbo be one to plant vegetables, medicine and flower dual-purpose type plant, not only delicious flavour, also there is obvious drug-treating action, its flower, seed and root can be used as medicine, containing multivitamin, mineral matter, zinc selenium and other trace elements, also containing abundant pectin, cow's milk glycan and araban, the immunity of health can be strengthened, constipation, stomach anabrosis disease, hemorrhoid complicated by anal fistula and diabetes are had to the effect of supplemental treatment, can also antifatigue, raising vitality.
The plant of okra is similar to cotton, and root system is more flourishing, and stem stalk is uprightly sturdy, and the large alternate of leaf is palmate, and the raw flower of each axil, fruit is erietiform is peak green or aubergine.Okra happiness temperature is heat-resisting, not resistance to the moon and frost, and general okra needs 10-15 days from being seeded into germination, and from germinateing to blooming, need 40-45 days, the florescence continues 90-100 days, and therefore sowing can start to gather for about 50 days.
Kind more excellent in current okra has retired life, five happinesses and Nan Yang, the sexual hybridization technology of okra be generally in gumbo flower of female parent in the afternoon before that day that blooms by flower pesticide from after staminal tube is removed, the wide-open gumbo male parent flower removing corolla is sealed after close adhesion on flower of female parent column cap, this hybridization quality is very relevant to artificial operation, and wastes time and energy.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of efficient sexual hybridization technology of okra, pollen is gathered in advance from gumbo male parent flower, after removal of impurities is filtered, low-temperature dark is preserved, object gumbo flower of female parent reaching crossbreeding is sprayed on after pollen being configured to suspension, the method compared with artificial traditional powder, economical and efficient, and the setting ratio not reducing pollination.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
An efficient sexual hybridization method for okra, comprises the following steps:
(1) during 7-10 point, bud is collected from the male parent flower of okra, after removing corolla, divide on template, be positioned over shady and cool dry ventilation, collect after pollen sheds, impurity is removed with the hole sizer of 75-100 micron, obtain pure pollen, pure pollen is placed in light-shading bottle and seals, and low-temperature dark is preserved stand-by;
(2) pollen, indolebutyric acid, white granulated sugar, boric acid and gum Arabic are put into water respectively, after ultrasonic agitation is even, obtain pollen suspension stand-by;
(3) before gumbo flower of female parent is bloomed, post head is divided and isolate, during the 8-15 point of first day of blooming, remove spacer, the pollen suspension that step (2) obtains is sprayed onto immediately the column cap part of gumbo flower of female parent, the gumbo flower of female parent of pollinating is isolated again, again carry out spraying pollination after 2-3 days, after 10 days, the fruit pod that gumbo flower of female parent is not pollinated is cut off, carry out normal field management.
Preferred as technique scheme, the kind of the okra described in step (1) is retired life, five happinesses or Nan Yang.
Preferred as technique scheme, in the pollen suspension described in step (2), the concentration of pollen is 3g/L, and the concentration of indolebutyric acid is 2g/L, and the concentration of white granulated sugar is 1g/L, and the concentration of boric acid is 2g/L, and the concentration of gum Arabic is 1g/L.
Preferred as technique scheme, the ultrasonic time described in step (2) is 25-30min.
Preferred as technique scheme, the spray rate described in step (3) is 2m/min, and fountain height is 350ml/h.
Preferred as technique scheme, the isolation time of the gumbo flower of female parent described in step (3) is 2-3 days before blooming.
Preferred as technique scheme, the partition method described in step (3) is bagging.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) traditional okra sexual hybridization is all the Pollination Modes adopting artificial some powder, and it is time-consuming which takes people, inefficiency, and the present invention adopts spraying to pollinate, and can significantly improve the efficiency of pollination, reduces planting cost.
(2) words of okra generally opening in the morning, therefore this method is selected in its flowering time section and carries out plucking and pollinating, and carries out Cord blood to pollen, ensures the vigor of pollen, improves the success rate of pollination.
(3) the efficient sexual hybridization method of okra of the present invention is simple, reduces the difficulty of pollination, and adopts secondary pollination, ensures the pollination success rate of okra, improves output and the economic benefit of gumbo, is conducive to large-area plant development.
Embodiment:
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and this embodiment only for explaining the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Embodiment 1:
At 7 points; bud is collected from the male parent flower of retired life okra kind; after removing corolla; divide on template, be positioned over shady and cool dry ventilation, collect after pollen sheds; impurity is removed with the hole sizers of 75 microns; obtain pure pollen, pure pollen is placed in light-shading bottle and seals, and low-temperature dark is preserved stand-by.Pollen, indolebutyric acid, white granulated sugar, boric acid and gum Arabic are put into water respectively, and ultrasonic 25min, after stirring, obtain pollen suspension stand-by, in pollen suspension, the concentration of pollen is 3g/L, and indolebutyric acid is 2g/L, white granulated sugar is 1g/L, and boric acid is 2g/L, and gum Arabic is 1g/L.
Post head divided in 2 days before gumbo flower of female parent is bloomed and carry out isolating with bagging, at 8 points of first day of blooming, remove spacer, pollen suspension is sprayed onto immediately the column cap part of gumbo flower of female parent, spray rate is 2m/min, and fountain height is 350ml/h, the gumbo flower of female parent of pollinating is isolated with bagging again, again carry out spraying pollination after 2 days, after 10 days, the fruit pod that gumbo flower of female parent is not pollinated is cut off, carry out normal field management.
Embodiment 2:
At 10 points; bud is collected from the male parent flower of five happinesses okra kind; after removing corolla; divide on template, be positioned over shady and cool dry ventilation, collect after pollen sheds; impurity is removed with the hole sizers of 100 microns; obtain pure pollen, pure pollen is placed in light-shading bottle and seals, and low-temperature dark is preserved stand-by.Pollen, indolebutyric acid, white granulated sugar, boric acid and gum Arabic are put into water respectively, and ultrasonic 30min, after stirring, obtain pollen suspension stand-by, in pollen suspension, the concentration of pollen is 3g/L, and indolebutyric acid is 2g/L, white granulated sugar is 1g/L, and boric acid is 2g/L, and gum Arabic is 1g/L.
Post head divided in 3 days before gumbo flower of female parent is bloomed and carry out isolating with bagging, at 15 points of first day of blooming, remove spacer, pollen suspension is sprayed onto immediately the column cap part of gumbo flower of female parent, spray rate is 2m/min, and fountain height is 350ml/h, the gumbo flower of female parent of pollinating is isolated with bagging again, again carry out spraying pollination after 3 days, after 10 days, the fruit pod that gumbo flower of female parent is not pollinated is cut off, carry out normal field management.
Embodiment 3:
At 8 points, bud is collected from the male parent flower of Nan Yang okra kind, after removing corolla, divide on template, be positioned over shady and cool dry ventilation, collect after pollen sheds, impurity is removed with the hole sizers of 80 microns, obtain pure pollen, pure pollen is placed in light-shading bottle and seals, and low-temperature dark is preserved stand-by.Pollen, indolebutyric acid, white granulated sugar, boric acid and gum Arabic are put into water respectively, and ultrasonic 30min, after stirring, obtain pollen suspension stand-by, in pollen suspension, the concentration of pollen is 3g/L, and indolebutyric acid is 2g/L, white granulated sugar is 1g/L, and boric acid is 2g/L, and gum Arabic is 1g/L.
Post head divided in 2 days before gumbo flower of female parent is bloomed and carry out isolating with bagging, at 9 points of first day of blooming, remove spacer, pollen suspension is sprayed onto immediately the column cap part of gumbo flower of female parent, spray rate is 2m/min, and fountain height is 350ml/h, the gumbo flower of female parent of pollinating is isolated with bagging again, again carry out spraying pollination after 2 days, after 10 days, the fruit pod that gumbo flower of female parent is not pollinated is cut off, carry out normal field management.
Embodiment 4:
At 9 points, bud is collected from the male parent flower of Nan Yang okra kind, after removing corolla, divide on template, be positioned over shady and cool dry ventilation, collect after pollen sheds, impurity is removed with the hole sizers of 90 microns, obtain pure pollen, pure pollen is placed in light-shading bottle and seals, and low-temperature dark is preserved stand-by.Pollen, indolebutyric acid, white granulated sugar, boric acid and gum Arabic are put into water respectively, and ultrasonic 30min, after stirring, obtain pollen suspension stand-by, in pollen suspension, the concentration of pollen is 3g/L, and indolebutyric acid is 2g/L, white granulated sugar is 1g/L, and boric acid is 2g/L, and gum Arabic is 1g/L.
Post head divided in 2-3 days before gumbo flower of female parent is bloomed and carry out isolating with bagging, in 10 periods of first day of blooming, remove spacer, pollen suspension is sprayed onto immediately the column cap part of gumbo flower of female parent, spray rate is 2m/min, and fountain height is 350ml/h, the gumbo flower of female parent of pollinating is isolated with bagging again, again carry out spraying pollination after 2-3 days, after 10 days, the fruit pod that gumbo flower of female parent is not pollinated is cut off, carry out normal field management.Embodiment 5:
10 periods; bud is collected from the male parent flower of retired life, five happinesses or Nan Yang okra kind; after removing corolla; divide on template, be positioned over shady and cool dry ventilation, collect after pollen sheds; impurity is removed with the hole sizers of 100 microns; obtain pure pollen, pure pollen is placed in light-shading bottle and seals, and low-temperature dark is preserved stand-by.Pollen, indolebutyric acid, white granulated sugar, boric acid and gum Arabic are put into water respectively, and ultrasonic 25min, after stirring, obtain pollen suspension stand-by, in pollen suspension, the concentration of pollen is 3g/L, and indolebutyric acid is 2g/L, white granulated sugar is 1g/L, and boric acid is 2g/L, and gum Arabic is 1g/L.
Post head divided in 3 days before gumbo flower of female parent is bloomed and carry out isolating with bagging, at 11 points of first day of blooming, remove spacer, pollen suspension is sprayed onto immediately the column cap part of gumbo flower of female parent, spray rate is 2m/min, and fountain height is 350ml/h, the gumbo flower of female parent of pollinating is isolated with bagging again, again carry out spraying pollination after 2 days, after 10 days, the fruit pod that gumbo flower of female parent is not pollinated is cut off, carry out normal field management.
Embodiment 6:
9 periods; bud is collected from the male parent flower of retired life, five happinesses or Nan Yang okra kind; after removing corolla; divide on template, be positioned over shady and cool dry ventilation, collect after pollen sheds; impurity is removed with the hole sizers of 90 microns; obtain pure pollen, pure pollen is placed in light-shading bottle and seals, and low-temperature dark is preserved stand-by.Pollen, indolebutyric acid, white granulated sugar, boric acid and gum Arabic are put into water respectively, and ultrasonic 25min, after stirring, obtain pollen suspension stand-by, in pollen suspension, the concentration of pollen is 3g/L, and indolebutyric acid is 2g/L, white granulated sugar is 1g/L, and boric acid is 2g/L, and gum Arabic is 1g/L.
Post head divided in 2 days before gumbo flower of female parent is bloomed and carry out isolating with bagging, at 12 points of first day of blooming, remove spacer, pollen suspension is sprayed onto immediately the column cap part of gumbo flower of female parent, spray rate is 2m/min, and fountain height is 350ml/h, the gumbo flower of female parent of pollinating is isolated with bagging again, again carry out spraying pollination after 2 days, after 10 days, the fruit pod that gumbo flower of female parent is not pollinated is cut off, carry out normal field management.
Find after tested, the okra of embodiment 1-6 hybridization is compared with spontaneous pollination with artificial some powder, and the pollination success rate of okra, output, fruit length and the concrete data of single fruit quality are as following table:
From above-mentioned data, all very nearly the same with the okra of artificial some powder by okra pollination success rate, output, fruit length and the quality of the inventive method pollination, and be obviously better than the okra of spontaneous pollination, therefore adopt this method to be specially adapted to the production of large-scale okra, be conducive to promoting the use of.

Claims (7)

1. an efficient sexual hybridization method for okra, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) during 7-10 point, bud is collected from the male parent flower of okra, after removing corolla, divide on template, be positioned over shady and cool dry ventilation, collect after pollen sheds, impurity is removed with the hole sizer of 75-100 micron, obtain pure pollen, pure pollen is placed in light-shading bottle and seals, and low-temperature dark is preserved stand-by;
(2) pollen, indolebutyric acid, white granulated sugar, boric acid and gum Arabic are put into water respectively, after ultrasonic agitation is even, obtain pollen suspension stand-by;
(3) before gumbo flower of female parent is bloomed, post head is divided and isolate, during the 8-15 point of first day of blooming, remove spacer, the pollen suspension that step (2) obtains is sprayed onto immediately the column cap part of gumbo flower of female parent, the gumbo flower of female parent of pollinating is isolated again, again carry out spraying pollination after 2-3 days, after 10 days, the fruit pod that gumbo flower of female parent is not pollinated is cut off, carry out normal field management.
2. the efficient sexual hybridization technology of a kind of okra as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the kind of the okra described in step (1) is retired life, five happinesses or Nan Yang.
3. the efficient sexual hybridization technology of a kind of okra as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the pollen suspension described in step (2), the concentration of pollen is 3g/L, the concentration of indolebutyric acid is 2g/L, the concentration of white granulated sugar is 1g/L, the concentration of boric acid is 2g/L, and the concentration of gum Arabic is 1g/L.
4. the efficient sexual hybridization technology of a kind of okra as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the ultrasonic time described in step (2) is 25-30min.
5. the efficient sexual hybridization technology of a kind of okra as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spray rate described in step (3) is 2m/min, fountain height is 350ml/h.
6. the efficient sexual hybridization technology of a kind of okra as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the isolation time of the gumbo flower of female parent described in step (3) is 2-3 days before blooming.
7. the efficient sexual hybridization technology of a kind of okra as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the partition method described in step (3) is bagging.
CN201410850922.1A 2014-12-31 2014-12-31 Effective sexual hybridization technology of abelmoschus esculentus Expired - Fee Related CN104472346B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104969769A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-10-14 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 Hybrid seed production method of sterile line of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn.
CN107295967A (en) * 2017-07-10 2017-10-27 佛山科学技术学院 A kind of gumbo combined hybrid method

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CN102342242A (en) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-08 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 Pollen suspension liquid for liquid pollination of fruit trees, and preparation method thereof
CN103262787A (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-08-28 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 Sexual hybridization method for abelmoschus esculentus
CN103931485A (en) * 2014-04-22 2014-07-23 福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 Method for crossbreeding okra

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104969769A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-10-14 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 Hybrid seed production method of sterile line of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn.
CN104969769B (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-07-11 济南邦地生物工程有限公司 A kind of sterile line hybrid breeding method of gumbo
CN107295967A (en) * 2017-07-10 2017-10-27 佛山科学技术学院 A kind of gumbo combined hybrid method

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