CN106386460A - A Micai branch type colorized wheat cross-breeding and breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a Micai number 2 branch type colorized wheat cross-breeding and breeding method particularly. The method includes (1) a step of selecting parents, namely a step of selecting colorized wheat Mi 06-1 as a female parent and branch type wheat Mimai 6 as a male parent and performing sexual hybridization, with the female parent only adopting main spikes with robust plants, only upper 8-16 small spikes being left, and each small spike only containing two small flowers with developed stem bases, (2) a step of emasculating, pollinating, picking immature embryos off 20-22 days after pollination, and performing isolated culture to perform added-generation breeding and systematic selection, and (3) a step of performing added-generation breeding and systematic selection, namely a step of performing vernalization by using a greenhouse in winter and a water tank in summer, and performing a plurality of times of breeding to obtain Micai number 2 wheat. Individual advantages of the Micai number 2 wheat are obvious superior to those of common wheat novel varieties, and therefore a situation that wheat yields are stuck is broken, and the yield per mu is increased by 15% or above. The Micai number 2 wheat is high in lodging resistance and disease resistance, high in yield and good in yield stability, and can reduce the farming cost in a situation that a seed using amount per mu is reduced by 30% or above.

Description

One kind removes color ramiform colorful wheat cross-breeding and propagation method

（One）Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of plant breeding propagation method, remove color ramiform colorful wheat cross-breeding and numerous particularly to one kind Grow method.

（Two）Background technology

Semen Tritici aestivi is the second largest staple food crop that China is only second to Oryza sativa L., the domestic at present selection-breeding Semen Tritici aestivi mainly passing through routine Improved seeds.In these years, because the wheat breeding work of China is in ramp up, the new variety of wheat of incubation does not obtain Important breakthrough.Colorful wheat is that the class health-care nutritive developed under the historical background of revolution of agricultural fast development is little Wheat new lines.Colorful wheat seed has multiple colour such as hyacinthine and green, and its protein, lysine content ratio are commonly little Mai Gao, and can more absorb from soil collect ferrum, zinc, selenium, iodine etc. to health very important trace element, this The nutrient that a little plant source nutritions are added than strengthening is easier to as absorption of human body, and safe and reliable.

It was found that the natural pigment contained by colorful wheat kind skin and flour is anthocyanin class material, content is higher than commonly little Wheat several times.This anthocyanin class material has elimination interior free yl, improve immunity of organisms and to improve myocardial nutrition etc. important Effect.And the melanin main component in black Semen Tritici aestivi is bioflavonoid compound, research has shown that bioflavonoid compound has Very strong antioxidation and removing free radical, the effect of enhance immunity.Our traditional Chinese medicines have always " meet black must mend " it Say, typically contain the food of natural black pigment, its nutritive value, health-care effect are higher than all similar light-colored food.It can be said that it is color Color Semen Tritici aestivi is the cereal crops with excellent nutritional quality and health value.Therefore, carry out colorful wheat breeding of new variety meaning Great, very necessary.

Wheat seed is that agricultural production is most basic, the most important means of production, is then that species crop educates using heterosis, hybrid vigor Plant the approach of development concurrence, wheat yield can be increased substantially and imitate with planting as hybrid rice using heterosis in wheat Benefit.The application skill about ramiform colorful wheat cross-breeding is not found in the retrieval documents and materials of 1,992 2012 years Art, does not more find that ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi removes the precedent of No. 6 sexual hybridization incubations of wheat it was demonstrated that the research of this respect belongs to blank rank Section.

（Three）Content of the invention

The present invention is in order to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind removes color ramiform colorful wheat cross-breeding and breeding side Method, the method is removed wheat 6 using ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi and is removed, with colorful wheat, the method that 06-1 carries out sexual hybridization, breeding and breeding, from And cultivate and form a kind of color No. 2 of ramiform colorful wheat new lines-remove wheat, make the anti-adversity of plant much surmount female parent and remove No. 06-1, and change male parent ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi and remove the wideless and inferior defect of 06-1 adaptability.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：

One kind removes color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method, and it is characterized in that：Comprise the following steps：

（1）Selection parent

Remove 06-1 from colorful wheat as female parent, wheat 6 removed by ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi（Primary ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi removes 2,003 1）Make father This, carry out sexual hybridization；Female parent selects the master of robust plant, only stays 8-16, its top small ear, two base portions on every small ear Supermature 2 little Hua；

（2）Emasculation, pollination

Flower pesticide in every little Hua of above-mentioned female parent is once removed, puts paper bag immediately and indicate the female parent name of an article and emasculation date, After 1-4 days, stigma is ripe, you can pollination, puts paper bag immediately and indicates father, the maternal name of an article and pollination date, 20 22 after pollination It strips Hybrid embryo, carries out adding generation and Systematic selection to it；

（3）Adding generation and Systematic selection

Winter booth, summer carries out vernalization treatment with water tank, through multiple selection-breeding, has cultivated synthesis on the basis of the third generation Property all good ramiform hybridization colorful wheat new lines, new varieties remove color No. 2.

Step（1）Described in Selection parent refer to：Select colorful wheat to remove 06-1 in hybrid strain garden to make female parent, divide Branch type Semen Tritici aestivi is removed wheat 6 and is made male parent, and maternal colorful wheat is removed 06-1 and will be selected robust plant, just the tassel of extraction sheath, and one As choosing main preferably, first cut off maternal tassel and develop slower small ear up and down, then the awn of wheat is cut, typically only stay middle and upper part 8 about, small ear, 4, then the little Hua tweezers on each small ear centre staying are removed, each small ear only stays base portion Develop preferable two little Hua.

Step（2）Described emasculation, pollination refer to：Using plucking medicine emasculation method, by the maternal tassel emasculation put in order, specifically Way：Clamp the whole wheat head with left hand thumb and middle finger, one by one coetonium shell in flower is gently pressed off with forefinger, right hand tweezers Stretch into and three flower pesticide are pressed from both sides out in little Hua, once remove as far as possible, note not hindering stigma and interior coetonium, flower pesticide must not be pressed from both sides simultaneously Broken, if once clipping broken, this little Hua should be extractd, and cleans forceps tips with cotton ball soaked in alcohol, to kill attached superincumbent pollen, Emasculation should colored one by one from top to bottom in order be carried out, and must not omit；The indivedual little Hua in tassel middle and upper part is selected to open in male parent The tassel put, the flower tweezers of surrounding press off coetonium in little Hua, press from both sides out the ripe flower pesticide of cadmium yellow, put in capsule, award immediately Powder, during pollination, takes off the paper bag on female parent, glued with little brush pen take a small amount of pollen or with tweezers press from both sides 1-2 maturation flower pesticide according to Secondary put into female parent each little Hua in；Good in order to ensure stigma pollination, flower pesticide is gently embrocated on stigma.

Step（3）Described adding generation refers to：Prior to seeding should be by seed breaking dormancy phase, winter booth, summer Carry out vernalization treatment with refrigerator, to improve reproduction speed, concrete adding generation method is as follows：

1. transplant：Grasp the suitable time that wheat seedling is transplanted, be Semi-winter wheat kind because removing color No. 2, broadcast in September land for growing field crops on the 22nd Kind, under the natural conditions of this area, October 28 can be naturally done vernalization（Palpus 25 30 days）；October 23 October 22 from Land for growing field crops is dug out wheat seedling and is transplanted in booth, individual plant tiller 4.5 during transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, big after transplanting Temperature 8-11 DEG C is needed in canopy, should timely prevention and elimination of disease and pests；

2. the slow seedling stage：Because root is injured, planting after seedling has a Restoration stage, canopy temperature daytime not more than 11 DEG C, night is not less than 8 DEG C, and humidity 75% 80% is advisable, and passes through the slow seedling stage within 7 days；

3. stand up the stage：After Semen Tritici aestivi 5-7 slow seedling, not more than 16 DEG C of daytime, night is not less than 8 DEG C to canopy temperature, puts down All temperature is 12 DEG C, and humidity is 70% 75%；Enter in ten days before the stem elongation stage, canopy temperature controls not more than 16 DEG C, night is not less than 10 DEG C, and mean daily temperature is 13 DEG C, and November 22, the survey showed that, and averagely every plant than 4.5 plants when carrying Seedling Increase tiller 10.1, at this moment canopy planted agent increases light application time；

4. the stem elongation stage：At not more than 25 DEG C, night is minimum to be no less than 15 DEG C to temperature control in booth, mean daily temperature At 20 DEG C about；Start timely using control cultivation technique；

5. heading, the filling stage：After removing color No. 2 heading, the temperature in booth brings up to 25 DEG C -33 DEG C, transfers high temperature and forces ripe, rush It is ripe ahead of time, gathers in milking maturity latter stage.

The suitable time that above-mentioned grasp wheat seedling is transplanted refers to：In order to color No. 2 new varieties are removed in the breeding of quick high power, because removing color 2 Number belong to semi-winterness kind, in north Shandong, -28 days on the 26th field seedings of September, can be naturally done vernalization October 22 could just Often heading, solid；Dug out wheat seedling and be transplanted in booth by land for growing field crops.

The above-mentioned slow seedling stage refers to：Strict control canopy temperature, when slow seedling stage wheat seedling digs from the ground, due to root Injured, planting after seedling has a Restoration stage, if now temperature of shed is too high, leaf transpiration effect aggravation, and radical leaves occur Withered, impact growth and tiller, temperature is too low, and seedling-slowing stage extends, so after wheat seedling removal, canopy temperature daytime is not more than Cross 10 DEG C, night is minimum to be not less than 8 DEG C, humidity 75% 80% is advisable, and generally lasts for 57 days passing through the slow seedling stage.

The above-mentioned stage of standing up refers to：Not more than 16 DEG C of canopy temperature daytime, night in 57 days after Semen Tritici aestivi slow seedling It is not less than 8 DEG C, mean temperature is 12 DEG C, humidity is 75% 80%, the favourable Semen Tritici aestivi robust growth of such condition, be conducive to point Tiller, restraining the growth of seedlings；Semen Tritici aestivi rises after one's death, for making its robust growth, is effectively increased 10.1 tillers, enters in ten days before the stem elongation stage, Canopy temperature controls at not more than 16 DEG C, and night is minimum to be no less than 8 DEG C, and mean daily temperature is 12 DEG C, period investigation knot Fruit shows, averagely every plant ratio increases tiller 10.1, for striving for that plurality lays good basis before transfer.

Above-mentioned canopy planted agent increases illumination and refers to：Semen Tritici aestivi is long-day self pollination crop, to light after jointing of especially standing up According to needs more urgent, Semen Tritici aestivi in the stage of standing up to maturation during, in canopy install daylight lamp, to increase illumination, typically every 60 one 40 watts of daylight lamp of installation, fluorescent tube apart from two meters about of ground, turn on light and turn off the light to next day 8 a.m. by 6 points of every afternoon, Increase illumination 14 hours；

The above-mentioned stem elongation stage refers to：After Semen Tritici aestivi enters the jointing stage, for rate of tillering panicle when striving for more, the temperature control in booth At not more than 25 DEG C, night is minimum to be no less than 15 DEG C, and mean daily temperature, at 20 DEG C about, is conducive to that individual plant is healthy and strong to develop, Tiller is neat, and pole is stood upright to fall, and ventilation and penetrating light is good, establishes good basis for high yield.

Above-mentioned heading-filling stage refers to：For accelerating heading progress and shortening grouting time, start heading in Semen Tritici aestivi and extremely become Ripe period, the temperature in booth brings up to 25-33 DEG C, to accelerate in seed the accumulation of dry and maturation ahead of time.

Above-mentioned prevention and elimination of disease and pests refers to：Because in booth, sunshine is few, temperature height, high humidity, permeability are poor, and Semen Tritici aestivi stands up to pull out It is susceptible to powdery mildew and aphid damage, the concentration of triadimefon Emulsion spraying 20% December 24 is every mu of use 50 after section Milliliter, to prevent and treat powdery mildew generation, such as finds that aphid damage can be anti-with the 8000 10000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution Control.

The above-mentioned stem elongation stage timely uses chemical control technique and refers to:The growth that the control cultivation of Semen Tritici aestivi enforcementization can regulate and control plant is sent out Educate, strengthen its anti-adversity ability, promote kipeming high yield, stand up the phase in Semen Tritici aestivi, 30 kilograms of the paclobutrazol solution of every mu of sprinkling 200ppm, Plant can be made to downgrade, lodging tolerance is strong, and the absorption rate to nitrogen that simultaneous can control wheat powdery mildew and improve plant, Every mu of use of wheat during jointing stage helps strong element 15-20m1, is watered 50-60 kilogram of foliage-spray, can suppress internode elongation, from booting, filling Spray 2-3 time altogether during slurry, every minor tick 7-8 days, 2.2 grams of mass of 1000 kernel can be improved, increase production 10.6%, and filling speed can be promoted, make Full seed, ripe 3-5 days in advance.

Remove color No. 2 new lines and there is following excellent specific property：

（1）Specificity, removing color No. 2 of wheat is branch of the ear of grain type colorful wheat, Grain number per spike 100 about, and common wheat fringe is rectangular Capitate Grain number per spike 45 about.

（2）Adaptability, from 2007 so far more than 5 years, in winter with greenhouse, summer refrigerator, in conjunction with land plus generation, Either in fertile ground, nonirrigated farmland, remove heredity all being consistent property of color No. 2 various features, characteristic, heritability shows stably always.

（3）Stability, removes color No. 2 no matter after land or greenhouse production are bred, all keeps the initial feature of this kind, spy Property, especially grain characters, each generation never isolates other particle shapes and treats color seed.This illustrates that it is a genetic stability New variety of wheat.

The invention has the advantages that:Remove 06-1 using colorful wheat and make female parent, ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi is removed wheat 6 and made father This, carry out the ramiform colorful wheat of sexual hybridization incubation-remove color No. 2 of wheat, branch of the ear of grain type no awns, the individual dominance of this kind is bright Show and exceed common wheat new varieties, break the situation that wheat yield fluctuates, bring out mu volume increase more than 15%, anti-fall disease resistance By force, quality is excellent, and stable high yield is good, and it can reduce kind of a ground cost, its volume increase in the case of mu sowing quantity economization more than 30% Reason is,（1）It is that rate of tillering panicle is high, general Semen Tritici aestivi individual plant tiller 36 about, and remove No. 2 individual plant tillers of coloured silk 8 19, （2）It is that Grain number per spike is many, general wheat single ear grain number grain 38-45, removes color No. 2 averagely single fringes more than 112, typically whole Individual period of duration can keep vigorous growing power, make the anti-adversity of plant much surmount female parent and remove No. 06-1, and change father The wideless and inferior defect of 6 adaptabilities removed by this ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi.

（Four）Specific embodiment

With Dezhou（Northwest in Shandong Province）As a example local climate environment, this cross-breeding propagation method is illustrated.

（One）Selection parent

06-1 makees female parent, ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi is removed 2,003 1 and made male parent to select colorful wheat to remove in hybrid strain garden, and maternal Remove 06-1 colorful wheat and will select robust plant, just extract the tassel of sheath out, general choosing master, first cut off and issue on maternal tassel Educate slower small ear, then the awn of wheat cut, typically only stay 8, the small ear of middle and upper part, 4, then stay each is little Little Hua tweezers on fringe centre are removed, and each small ear only stays base portion to develop preferable two little Hua.

（Two）Emasculation, pollination

By the tassel put in order emasculation, using plucking medicine emasculation method, specific practice：Clamp the whole wheat head with left hand thumb and middle finger, One by one coetonium shell in flower is gently pressed off with forefinger, right hand tweezers stretch in little Hua and three flower pesticide are pressed from both sides out, best one Secondary remove, note not hindering stigma and interior coetonium, flower pesticide must not be clipped broken simultaneously, if once clipping broken, this little Hua should be extractd, and Clean forceps tips with cotton ball soaked in alcohol, to kill attached superincumbent pollen, emasculation should colored one by one from top to bottom in order be carried out, no Omit, after emasculation, put paper bag immediately, sealing, and parental varieties title and emasculation date are indicated on paper bag.

Treat within 1-4 days after emasculation that stigma is ripe, you can pollination, but because the kind morning and evening at heading stage is different with temperature at that time, The ripe speed of stigma is also inconsistent, the kind of evening heading, particularly under the high temperature conditions, 1-2 days after emasculation can be ripe, have Even in emasculation, stigma is ripe, therefore, favourable opportunity should be caught to pollinate, to improve setting percentage, in male parent in good time The tassel that the middle selection indivedual little Hua in tassel middle and upper part has opened, the flower tweezers of surrounding press off coetonium in little Hua, press from both sides out fresh The ripe flower pesticide of Huang Cheng, puts in capsule, pollinates immediately, during pollination, takes off the paper bag on female parent, glues to take with little brush pen and spends on a small quantity Powder or press from both sides 1-2 ripe flower pesticide with tweezers and be sequentially placed in each maternal little Hua；Good in order to ensure stigma pollination, flower Medicine is gently embrocated on stigma, after pollination finishes, then puts paper bag, and writes father, maternal title and pollination date on paper bag exactly, And strip Hybrid embryo within latter 20 days in pollination, Jia Dai and Systematic selection are carried out to it.

（Three）Adding generation and Systematic selection

Seed before sowing is answered the breaking dormancy phase, winter booth, and summer carries out vernalization treatment with refrigerator, through multiple selection-breeding, Comprehensive all good ramiform hybridization colorful wheat new lines have been cultivated, new varieties remove color No. 2 on the basis of the third generation.

Domestic winter wheat propagation method at present, mainly annually, small area essence amount or the partly breeding of essence amount, general breeding 100 times about of coefficient.But the branch hybrid wheat that the present invention cultivates removes color No. 2 of wheat, can breed 3-4 generation within 1 year；In test, With light seeding breeding, with 1201（45.6 grams）Wheat seeds, harvest 12666 jin, a traditional unit of weight of seed in 2 years, improve 1.5 ten thousand times of breeding coefficient.

The concrete adding generation method removing color No. 2 new varieties is as follows：

1. transplant：Grasp the suitable time that wheat seedling is transplanted, in September field seeding on the 22nd 1201, November 2 dug out wheat seedling 7326.1 plants, need to be transplanted in booth, individual plant tiller 5 about during transplanting, 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, plantation 0.343 mu of area, due to removing color No. 2 Triticum semi-winterness kinds, vernalization preference temperature is 2-6 DEG C, and the vernalization time is 25-30 My god, can normally ear, solid, should timely prevention and elimination of disease and pests in whole growing process.

In this area（Northern Shandong）Under the conditions of, remove color No. 2 in September sowing on the 28th, late October can complete vernalization and develop, ability Ensure its well-grown, can normally ear, solid.

2. the slow seedling stage：Strict control canopy temperature, when slow seedling stage wheat seedling digs from the ground, because root is injured, Planting after seedling has a Restoration stage, if now temperature of shed is too high, leaf transpiration effect aggravation, and withering occur in radical leaves, Impact growth and tiller, temperature is too low, and seedling-slowing stage extends, so after wheat seedling removal, canopy temperature daytime not more than 10 DEG C, night is minimum to be not less than 8 DEG C about, and humidity 80% about is advisable, and generally lasts for 7 days having passed through the slow seedling stage.

3. stand up the stage：After Semen Tritici aestivi slow seedling, for accelerating its growing process, from December 4 to 9 days during 13 calendar, in booth On not more than 16 DEG C of temperature daytime, night is not less than 8 DEG C, and mean temperature is 12 DEG C, and humidity is 75% 80%, such condition Favourable Semen Tritici aestivi robust growth, is conducive to tiller, restraining the growth of seedlings；Semen Tritici aestivi rises after one's death, for making its robust growth, is effectively increased 22 tiller left sides The right side, within December 13 to ten days on the 23rd, canopy temperature controls at not more than 14 DEG C, and night is minimum to be no less than 10 DEG C, Mean daily temperature is 12 DEG C, and December 22, the survey showed that, than averagely every plant increase by 10.1 left sides of tiller of 4.5 tiller when cutting Seedling The right side, for striving for that plurality lays good basis, canopy planted agent increases illumination.

4. the stem elongation stage：December 23 Semen Tritici aestivi enters the jointing stage, lasts 34 days, for Tiller ears when striving for more, greatly At not more than 25 DEG C, night is minimum to be no less than 15 DEG C to temperature control in canopy, and mean daily temperature, at 20 DEG C about, is conducive to Individual plant develops stalwartness, and tiller is neat, and pole is stood upright to fall, and ventilation and penetrating light is good, establishes good basis for high yield, and starts in time Using chemical control technique.

5. heading, the filling stage：January 26 removed color No. 2 and starts to ear, during in order to accelerate heading progress and shorten grouting Between, from January 27 to 2 months 23 days, last 28 days, the temperature in booth brings up to 25-33 DEG C, to accelerate dry in seed Accumulation, ripe ahead of time, in order to catch up with proper seeding March 10 need use, therefore from 2 months 24 days, canopy temperature brought up to 33-38 DEG C, transfer high temperature force ripe, in milking maturity latter stage（2 months 28 days）Gather in, mass of 1000 kernel only has 32 grams, reduce by 6 grams of left sides than normal The right side, the average single fringe of panicle number per plant 24.1 98,73992 plants of 232 kilograms of sowing altogether altogether.

Above-mentioned prevention and elimination of disease and pests refers to：Because in booth, sunshine is few, temperature height, high humidity, permeability are poor, and Semen Tritici aestivi stands up to pull out It is susceptible to powdery mildew and aphid damage, the concentration of triadimefon Emulsion spraying 20% December 24 is every mu of use 50 after section Milliliter, to prevent and treat powdery mildew generation, such as finds that aphid damage can be anti-with the 8000 10000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution Control.

Described canopy planted agent increases illumination and refers to：Because Semen Tritici aestivi is long-day self pollination crop, jointing of especially standing up More urgent to the needs of illumination afterwards, Semen Tritici aestivi, in 64 days of 2 months 27 days December 22 to next year, installs daylight lamp in canopy, To increase illumination, typically every 60 one 40 watts of daylight lamp of installation, fluorescent tube apart from two meters about of ground, turn on light by 6 points of every afternoon Turn off the light to next 8 a.m., increase illumination 14 hours.

During above-mentioned Semen Tritici aestivi is bred, employing control cultivation technique refers to:The empty cultivation of Semen Tritici aestivi enforcementization can regulate and control the life of plant Long growth, strengthens its anti-adversity ability, promotes kipeming high yield, stands up the phase in Semen Tritici aestivi, the paclobutrazol solution 30 of every mu of sprinkling 200ppm Kilogram, plant can be made to downgrade, lodging tolerance is strong, and simultaneous can control wheat powdery mildew and improve plant nitrogen is absorbed Rate, helps strong plain 15 20m1 in every mu of use of wheat during jointing stage, is watered 50 60 kilograms of foliage-sprays, can suppress internode elongation, from Spray altogether 23 times during booting, grouting, every minor tick 78 days, 2.2 grams of mass of 1000 kernel can be improved, increase production 10.6%, and can promote to fill Slurry speed, makes full seed, ripe 35 days in advance.

Test through breeding and culturing for many years and obtain, the adaptable area that ramiform colorful wheat-remove is color No. 2 and Cultural technique are：

Adaptable area：Remove color No. 2 to be suitable in cinnamon soil, brown earth, sand black earth, sandy loam, and Jinan 17（Primary number 924142）Kind Growing area and similar ecologic planting, are also suitably in the plantation of the Winter Wheat Area of more than 300 kilograms of average yield per mu.

Cultural technique：Sow during mean daily temperature 18-16 DEG C, be September 25 October 10 in Shandong Province's sowing time, every mu 68 kilograms of sowing quantity, will sooner or later reduce according to sowing or increase application rate, sow 18 20 centimetres of line-spacing, enrich organic before sowing Fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, fertilizer will use cooperatively, and pour, according to water content before soil year, water of surviving the winter, and the anti-blue or green phase is strengthened intertillage and draws hoe, jointing To be managed according to the growing state of Semen Tritici aestivi afterwards, middle and late stage will be prevented eliminating aphis and other pest and disease damage.

, in beginning in 2009 in Shandong Province Pingyuan County, Heng Tai county, Lijin County, Hebei province Jing County, Pekinese is suitable for applicant How Yi County etc. carries out plus breeds experiment for high power, no matter in irrigated land, nonirrigated farmland, fertile ground growth promoter is all good it was demonstrated that it has There is extensive adaptability, remove wheat 2008F3-2 600-700 kilogram of per mu yield under fertilizer and water condition more than medium water, more colored than maternal No. 06-1 volume increase more than 15% removed by Semen Tritici aestivi, and the performance period of maturation is identical, removes 2,003 1 volume increase more than 11.2% than male parent.Concrete manifestation Go out following characteristics：This kind Mid-late ripening, power of emerging is strong, and rate of tillering panicle is high, and semi-winterness is turned green morning, seedling partly crawls, root system is sent out Reach, growing power and winter resistance are strong, resist three rust, banded sclerotial blight, plant type is compact, and appearance is delicate and pretty, blade light green color, and anaphase blade has physiology Property dry point or yellow leaf, auricle white has tragus, and bar of living is ripe, and cane is waxy, and it is homochromy to go out fringe and plant before blooming during fringe, Cheng Sui Rate is high, the hard high resilience of cane, anti-fall hot-dry wind tolerance, spike length 9-12.5cm, wide 1.5-2cm, thick 1.6cm, tip awn, white shell, Sterile lemma ellipse, grain husk shoulder no, the sharp shape of clever mouth, seed is oval, 0.61 centimetre of grain length, wide 0.35 centimetre, Mai Gou（Recessed）Deep 0.18 Cm, purple cyan（Flour is green）, half cutin, grain plumpness be medium, and mass of 1000 kernel luffing is little, 38 grams of left sides of mass of 1000 kernel The right side, when blooming after heading, first by the middle and upper part small ear of fringe, then up, downwards, basal spikelet is bloomed the latest, has fringe Branch floriferousness, yield potential is big, and stable high yield is good, Grain number per spike 80 145, different because of ground soil fertility condition, in the degree of lip-rounding Deng 650 kilograms of average yield per mu.

Claims (10)

1. one kind remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：

（1）Selection parent

Remove 06-1 from colorful wheat as female parent, ramiform Semen Tritici aestivi is removed wheat 6 and made male parent, carries out sexual hybridization；Female parent selects plant Healthy and strong master, only stays 8-16, its top small ear, supermature 2 little Hua of two base portions on every small ear；

（2）Emasculation, pollination

Flower pesticide in every little Hua of above-mentioned female parent is once removed, puts paper bag immediately and indicate the female parent name of an article and emasculation date, After 1-4 days, stigma is ripe, you can pollination, puts paper bag immediately and indicates father, the maternal name of an article and pollination date, 20-22 after pollination It strips Hybrid embryo, carries out adding generation and Systematic selection to it；

（3）Adding generation and Systematic selection

Winter booth, summer carries out vernalization treatment with water tank, through multiple selection-breeding, has cultivated synthesis on the basis of the third generation Property all good ramiform hybridization colorful wheat new lines, new varieties remove color No. 2.

2. according to claim 1 remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that： Step（2）Described emasculation refers to：Using plucking medicine emasculation method, by the maternal tassel emasculation put in order, specific practice：Use left hand thumb Refer to and middle finger clamps the whole wheat head, one by one coetonium shell in flower is gently pressed off with forefinger, right hand tweezers stretch into handle in little Hua Three flower pesticide press from both sides out, once remove as far as possible, note not hindering stigma and interior coetonium, must not clip broken flower pesticide, if once simultaneously Clip broken, this little Hua should be extractd, and clean forceps tips with cotton ball soaked in alcohol, to kill attached superincumbent pollen, emasculation should be by suitable Sequence is colored one by one from top to bottom to be carried out, and must not omit.

3. according to claim 1 remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that： Step（2）Described pollination refers to：The tassel that the indivedual little Hua in tassel middle and upper part has opened, the flower use of surrounding is selected in male parent Tweezers press off the interior coetonium of little Hua, press from both sides out the ripe flower pesticide of cadmium yellow, put in capsule, pollinate immediately, during pollination, take off female parent On paper bag, glued with little brush pen to take a small amount of pollen or press from both sides 1-2 ripe flower pesticide with tweezers and be sequentially placed into each maternal little Hua In；Good in order to ensure stigma pollination, flower pesticide is gently embrocated on stigma.

4. described remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method, its feature according to claim 1-3 is arbitrary It is：Step（3）The method of described adding generation is：1. transplant：Grasp the suitable time that wheat seedling is transplanted, remove color 2 and enter in September Row field seeding, October digs out wheat seedling and is transplanted in booth, individual plant tiller 4.5 during transplanting, 18-22 centimetre of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 13-18 centimetre, complete period of vernalization growth, palpus 25-30 days, it is desirable to temperature 2-6 DEG C, answers timely prevention and elimination of disease and pests；2. slow seedling rank Section：Because root is injured, planting after seedling has a Restoration stage, and on not more than 10 DEG C of canopy temperature daytime, night is not less than 8 DEG C, humidity 75% 80% is advisable, and passes through the slow seedling stage within 57 days；3. stand up the stage：After Semen Tritici aestivi slow seedling, 57 days booth words spoken by an actor from offstage skies Not more than 16 DEG C of temperature, night is not less than, 8 DEG C, and mean temperature is 12 DEG C, and humidity is 75% 80%；Enter the stem elongation stage In front ten days, canopy temperature controls not more than 16 DEG C, and night is not less than 8 DEG C, and mean daily temperature is 12 DEG C, and canopy planted agent increases Plus illumination；4. the stem elongation stage：At not more than 25 DEG C, night is minimum to be no less than 15 DEG C to temperature control in booth, per day Temperature is at 20 DEG C about；Start to timely use chemical control technique；5. heading, the filling stage：Temperature after removing color No. 2 heading, in booth Degree brings up to 25 DEG C -33 DEG C.

5. according to claim 4 remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that： Step（3）The concrete grammar of described adding generation is：1. transplant：Grasp the suitable time that wheat seedling is transplanted, remove color 2 in September 22 Day field seeding, October 29 October 28 digs out wheat seedling and is transplanted in booth, individual plant tiller 4.5, line-spacing during transplanting 20 centimetres, 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, complete period of vernalization growth, palpus 25-30 days, it is desirable to temperature 2-6 DEG C, answers timely prevention and elimination of disease and pests； 2. the slow seedling stage：Because root is injured, planting after seedling has a Restoration stage, not more than 10 DEG C of canopy temperature daytime, night Between be not less than 8 DEG C, humidity 75% 80% is advisable, and passes through the slow seedling stage within 57 days；3. stand up the stage：After Semen Tritici aestivi slow seedling, 57 days Not more than 16 DEG C of day temperature in booth, night is not less than, 8 DEG C, and mean temperature is 12 DEG C, and humidity is 75% 80%；Enter Enter in front ten days stem elongation stages, canopy temperature controls not more than 16 DEG C, and night is not less than 8 DEG C, mean daily temperature is 12 DEG C, canopy planted agent increases illumination；4. the stem elongation stage：At not more than 25 DEG C, night is minimum to be no less than temperature control in booth 15 DEG C, mean daily temperature is at 20 DEG C about；Start to timely use chemical control technique；5. heading, the filling stage：After removing color No. 2 heading, Temperature in booth brings up to 25 DEG C -33 DEG C.

6. according to claim 4 remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that： Described canopy planted agent increases illumination and refers to：Semen Tritici aestivi is long-day self pollination crop, the needs to illumination after jointing of especially standing up More urgent, Semen Tritici aestivi, during the stage of standing up to maturation, installs daylight lamp in canopy, to increase illumination, typically every 60 installations One 40 watts of daylight lamp, fluorescent tube apart from two meters about of ground, turn on light and turn off the light to next day 8 a.m. by 6 points of every afternoon, increases illumination 14 hours.

7. according to claim 4 remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that： Described prevention and elimination of disease and pests refers to：Because in booth, sunshine is few, temperature height, high humidity, permeability are poor, and Semen Tritici aestivi is stood up after jointing easily There is powdery mildew and aphid damage, the concentration of triadimefon Emulsion spraying 20% December 24 be 50 milliliters of every mu of use in case Control powdery mildew to occur, such as find that aphid damage can be with the 8000 10000 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution.

8. according to claim 4 remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that： Described pull out the minor matters stage and timely use chemical control technique and refer to:The control cultivation of Semen Tritici aestivi enforcementization can regulate and control the growth promoter of plant, Semen Tritici aestivi is stood up the phase, 30 kilograms of the paclobutrazol solution of every mu of sprinkling 200ppm, helps strong element 15-20m1 in every mu of use of wheat during jointing stage, It is watered 50-60 kilogram of foliage-spray, internode elongation can be suppressed, spray 2-3 time altogether during booting, grouting, every minor tick 7-8 days.

9. according to claim 4 remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that： Under the conditions of north Shandong, due to removing color No. 2 Triticum semi-winterness kinds, vernalization preference temperature is 2-6 DEG C, and the vernalization time is 25-30 days, can normally ear, solid.

10. according to claim 1 remove color No. 2 ramiform colorful wheat cross-breedings and propagation method it is characterised in that： Described step（1）In, maternal colorful wheat is removed 06-1 and will be selected robust plant, just extracts the tassel of sheath out, general choosing master, first Cut off maternal tassel and develop slower small ear up and down, then the awn of wheat is cut, typically only stay 8 about, the small ear of middle and upper part, one 4, side, then the little Hua tweezers on each small ear centre staying are removed.