CN105850658A - Low-yield camellia oleifera abel forest transformation method - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a low-yield camellia oleifera abel forest transformation method. The method includes the steps of belt-shaped tree reservation, replanting of big seedlings, pruning, deep-excavation reclamation, fertilization to promote production, pest control and the like. The step of belt-shaped tree reservation specifically includes: keeping the belt width of a reserved belt and a renewal belt to be 6-9 meters, marking the renewal belt, cutting all trees in the renewal belt, and performing selective rouging in the reserved belt again; the step of replanting of big seedlings specifically includes: performing soil preparation in the range of the renewal belt for replanting big seedlings according to the requirement of water retention and soil conservation; the step of pruning specifically includes pruning old camellia oleifera abel trees in the reserved belt to improve camellia oleifera abel body structures. By the method, the problem that one-time full-reclamation and new-afforestation cost is high is solved, and the problem of difficulty in oil supply to the masses within 4-5 years after new afforestation and before fruiting of the new variety is solved as well. By comparison, after implementation of the mode, camellia oleifera abel yield of the reserved belt is far higher than that of the whole forest stand before implementation, and average yield per mu is increased by over 200%.

Description

A kind of Transformation of Oiltea Camellia Low-yield Forest method

Technical field

The present invention relates to agriculture forestry planting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Transformation of Oiltea Camellia Low-yield Forest method.

Background technology

Camellia seed oil is commonly called as Oleum Camelliae, have another name called Camellia oil, Camellia oil, it is the senior edible vegetable oil of pure natural extracted C. olelfera (the Camellia oleifera Abel) mature seed from Theaceae Camellia Plants, golden yellow color or pale yellow, quality is pure, clear, abnormal smells from the patient delicate fragrance, good taste.Oil tea is commonly called as Flos Camelliae Japonicae, wild tea, spends tea in vain, is the distinctive a kind of high-quality edible oil materials plant of China.

More than the 90% of whole world camellia seed oil yield is from China.When B.C. more than 100 years Emperors Wu Di of the Han dynasty, China begins to plant oil tea, the most more than 2000 year history.It is grown in natural free of contamination high mountain and the hilly country in moist climate area, southern china subtropical zone, more than 10 province can plant, major production areas saves (district) in the Hunan of China, Jiangxi, Guangxi etc., the whole nation existing cultivated area about 45,000,000 mu, produce Semen Camelliae 1,000,000 tons, oil-producing Oleum Camelliae 270,000 tons per year.Oleum Camelliae is that Chinese Government advocates the woody edible vegetable oil of pure natural promoted, and the health care vegetable edible oil that international food and agricultural organization is first-elected.

The dietetic therapy dual-use function of China's Oleum Camelliae is actually superior to olive oil, in addition to the fatty acid of two kinds of oils and fatss forms and oil property, nutritional labeling are similar, Oleum Camelliae is possibly together with the unexistent specific biological active substances tea polyphenols of olive oil and camellianin (i.e. TS, or title tea saponin).

Though aobvious at the beginning of the effect of China's camellia oleiferaindustry development at present, big owing to newly making the cost of camellia oleifera lam, the reasons such as economic benefit is the most directly perceived, have impact on developing further of camellia oleiferaindustry.

Summary of the invention

For solving the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Transformation of Oiltea Camellia Low-yield Forest method.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of Transformation of Oiltea Camellia Low-yield Forest method, comprises the steps:

(1) banding is stayed excellent: leave strip and the bandwidth updating band are 6-9 rice, and perform labelling to updating band, forest in renewal band is all cut down and removes, again stay excellent in leave strip by selectively roguing, retain select tree 35-45 strain/667 square metre, form some interval 6-9 rice, the straight line forest belt of wide 6-9 rice；Band is to for east-west direction, and it can not be single for retaining select tree；

(2) after-culture seedlings: the renewal band scope of after-culture seedlings by the requirement of water conservation soil conservation wholely, digs the 70 big caves of centimeter square, appropriate fertilizer of often spreading manuer in holes, then backfill table soil by the seeding row spacing of 3 meters × 3 meters；Using and afforest with improved seeds life in 2 years or more than the 2 years qualified seedlings of Nurse seed grafting of type with leave strip, different according to retaining strain number, every 667 square metres of after-culture strain numbers are 35-45 strain, and total strain numerical control system is within 80 strain/667 square metre；Before planting, shoot root is stained with the yellow mud of aseptic loess stirring, is just accomplishing root Shu Miao, water and determine root water when planting, and the training root and stem of certain plants becomes chicken coop shape, thin film or weeds overlay film water conservation soil conservation, strengthens fostering；

(3) branch-finishing and pruning: prune oil tea veteran in leave strip, improves Oil Tea Tree Form, and formation branch and leaf are uniform, ventilation and penetrating light, the result face tree crown of thickness greatly；Seedlings to after-culture, pluck top bud picking, ahead of time molding in time, are progressively trained the semicircle capitiform tree crown with 3-4 major branch；

(4) deep-cut cultivate multiple: in leave strip, remove high megaphanerophyte, miscellaneous filling, weeds, butt, stone, entirely cultivate and deep-cut once, the degree of depth more than 20 centimetres；Summer in next year shallow hoe once, degree of depth 10-15 centimetre；Deep-cut once every 2 years；

(5) fertilising is promoted production: retain veteran by 2.5-5 kilogram/strain ditch spread organic fertilizer or farm manure；Strive by cultivate multiple, prune and apply fertilizer, the yield before making the yield of reservation standing forest be not less than even above stand conversion；

(6) insect pest preventing and controlling: implement the principle of " anti-overweighting is controlled ", removes sick leaf, sick branch, sick fruit and history diseased plant at any time.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the technology of the present invention is possible not only to solve disposably entirely to cultivate the problem newly causing Ben Taigao, also solves after newly making in 4 to 5 years, the masses consume oil difficult problem before new varieties are born fruit.Being found by contrast, after implementing this pattern, the tea-oil tree yield of leave strip is significantly larger than the tea-oil tree yield of whole standing forest, every mu of average volume increase more than 200% before implementing.

Detailed description of the invention

The following examples can illustrate in greater detail the present invention, but limits the present invention the most in any form.

Embodiment:

(1) banding is stayed excellent: leave strip and the bandwidth updating band are 6-9 rice, and perform labelling to updating band, forest in renewal band is all cut down and removes, again stay excellent in leave strip by selectively roguing, retain select tree 35-45 strain/667 square metre, form some interval 6-9 rice, the straight line forest belt of wide 6-9 rice；Band is to for east-west direction, and it can not be single for retaining select tree；

(2) after-culture seedlings: the renewal band scope of after-culture seedlings by the requirement of water conservation soil conservation wholely, digs the 70 big caves of centimeter square, appropriate fertilizer of often spreading manuer in holes, then backfill table soil by the seeding row spacing of 3 meters × 3 meters；Using and afforest with improved seeds life in 2 years or more than the 2 years qualified seedlings of Nurse seed grafting of type with leave strip, different according to retaining strain number, every 667 square metres of after-culture strain numbers are 35-45 strain, and total strain numerical control system is within 80 strain/667 square metre；Before planting, shoot root is stained with the yellow mud of aseptic loess stirring, is just accomplishing root Shu Miao, water and determine root water when planting, and the training root and stem of certain plants becomes chicken coop shape, thin film or weeds overlay film water conservation soil conservation, strengthens fostering；

(3) branch-finishing and pruning: prune oil tea veteran in leave strip, improves Oil Tea Tree Form, and formation branch and leaf are uniform, ventilation and penetrating light, the result face tree crown of thickness greatly；Seedlings to after-culture, pluck top bud picking, ahead of time molding in time, are progressively trained the semicircle capitiform tree crown with 3-4 major branch；

(4) deep-cut cultivate multiple: in leave strip, remove high megaphanerophyte, miscellaneous filling, weeds, butt, stone, entirely cultivate and deep-cut once, the degree of depth more than 20 centimetres；Summer in next year shallow hoe once, degree of depth 10-15 centimetre；Deep-cut once every 2 years；

(5) fertilising is promoted production: retain veteran by 2.5-5 kilogram/strain ditch spread organic fertilizer or farm manure；Strive by cultivate multiple, prune and apply fertilizer, the yield before making the yield of reservation standing forest be not less than even above stand conversion；

(6) insect pest preventing and controlling: implement the principle of " anti-overweighting is controlled ", removes sick leaf, sick branch, sick fruit and history diseased plant at any time.

The explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand method and the core concept thereof of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to the present invention is carried out some improvement and modification, these improve and modify in the protection domain also falling into the claims in the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a Transformation of Oiltea Camellia Low-yield Forest method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:

(1) banding is stayed excellent: leave strip and the bandwidth updating band are 6-9 rice, and perform labelling to updating band, forest in renewal band is all cut down and removes, again stay excellent in leave strip by selectively roguing, retain select tree 35-45 strain/667 square metre, form some interval 6-9 rice, the straight line forest belt of wide 6-9 rice；Band is to for east-west direction, and it can not be single for retaining select tree；

(2) after-culture seedlings: the renewal band scope of after-culture seedlings by the requirement of water conservation soil conservation wholely, digs the 70 big caves of centimeter square, appropriate fertilizer of often spreading manuer in holes, then backfill table soil by the seeding row spacing of 3 meters × 3 meters；Using and afforest with improved seeds life in 2 years or more than the 2 years qualified seedlings of Nurse seed grafting of type with leave strip, different according to retaining strain number, every 667 square metres of after-culture strain numbers are 35-45 strain, and total strain numerical control system is within 80 strain/667 square metre；Before planting, shoot root is stained with the yellow mud of aseptic loess stirring, is just accomplishing root Shu Miao, water and determine root water when planting, and the training root and stem of certain plants becomes chicken coop shape, thin film or weeds overlay film water conservation soil conservation, strengthens fostering；

(3) branch-finishing and pruning: prune oil tea veteran in leave strip, improves Oil Tea Tree Form, and formation branch and leaf are uniform, ventilation and penetrating light, the result face tree crown of thickness greatly；Seedlings to after-culture, pluck top bud picking, ahead of time molding in time, are progressively trained the semicircle capitiform tree crown with 3-4 major branch；

(4) deep-cut cultivate multiple: in leave strip, remove high megaphanerophyte, miscellaneous filling, weeds, butt, stone, entirely cultivate and deep-cut once, the degree of depth more than 20 centimetres；Summer in next year shallow hoe once, degree of depth 10-15 centimetre；Deep-cut once every 2 years；

(5) fertilising is promoted production: retain veteran by 2.5-5 kilogram/strain ditch spread organic fertilizer or farm manure；Strive by cultivate multiple, prune and apply fertilizer, the yield before making the yield of reservation standing forest be not less than even above stand conversion；

(6) insect pest preventing and controlling: implement the principle of " anti-overweighting is controlled ", removes sick leaf, sick branch, sick fruit and history diseased plant at any time.