CN104938176A - Cultivation method for prolonging flowering period of lavender - Google Patents
Cultivation method for prolonging flowering period of lavender Download PDFInfo
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- CN104938176A CN104938176A CN201510293164.2A CN201510293164A CN104938176A CN 104938176 A CN104938176 A CN 104938176A CN 201510293164 A CN201510293164 A CN 201510293164A CN 104938176 A CN104938176 A CN 104938176A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for prolonging the flowering period of lavender. The loosened and ventilated soil environment needed for the root growth is effectively guaranteed through soil preparation and fertilizer application, the root is promoted and strengthened, the plant growth is promoted, especially, primary and secondary branch generation is promoted through advanced pruning and multi-time pruning in the next year, foliage application is carried out so that the soundness of stem leaves can be effectively promoted, the photosynthesis effect is improved, the flowering amount is increased, the flowering is delayed for about 20 days, the flowering period is prolonged by about 10 days, and the yield of essential oil can also be appropriately increased while the quality of essential oil is not affected. Matched planting is carried out through the cultivation method and a traditional cultivation method, the lavender viewing time in the Xinjiang region can be prolonged by one month. Benefits are effectively increased while the viewing value is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of cultivation, relate to the cultivation method of a kind of lavender, be specifically related to a kind of prolongation lavender florescence, improve the cultivation method of lavender quality.
Background technology
Lavender (Lavandulaspp.), originates in Mediterranean, belongs to Labiatae lavender and belongs to perennial herb or fruticuli natural perfume plant.Xinjiang Yili of China belongs to semiarid climatic region and meta-alkalescence sierozem earth, and sunlight-heat reaources is close, is applicable to lavender cultivation.At present, in Xinjiang, Jiangsu, nearly 10 provinces (city) such as Beijing have plantation, and cultivated area is in continuous expansion.Wherein, Xinjiang forms large-scale planting, and becomes the main producing region of China lavender, one of large lavender planting site in the Ye Shi world three.Lavender is bright in colour, aromatic flavour, it is one of main natural perfume plant, Xinjiang region lavender plantation is for many years mainly used in extracting essential oil, but now, the object of local lavender plantation has been no longer simple in order to extract essential oil, and going sightseeing also has been a main purpose, but lavender generally blooms to early July from mid or late June at present, at general more than 20 days of florescence, viewing period is very short.Therefore how kind of blooming period prolonging, not affecting again that essential oil produces is the problem that the plantation of current lavender urgently will solve.
Summary of the invention
For current Problems existing, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method extending the lavender florescence, effectively can extend the florescence of lavender, improve essential oil yield again and do not affect the quality of essential oil.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme:
Extend the cultivation method at lavender florescence, comprise the following steps:
1 field planting
1.1 land for growing field crops site preparation and fertilizations
Smooth plot, flood is afraid of in lavender drought resisting, must select that water level is lower, draining is good, soil layer is deep, plant without saline and alkaline plot; Soil deeptillage reaches 25 ~ 27 centimetres, and plough deeply front mu and execute high-quality fertilizer (sheep excrement) 500 kilograms, 15 kilograms, phosphate fertilizer, base fertilizer made by 10 kilograms, urea.
1.2 transplanting stocks are selected
Transplanting stock should select robust growth, without the annual seedling of damage by disease and insect, dips in root process before field planting with 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid+1000ppm root-inducing powders.
1.3 field planting
Yining area in late October to early November field planting.Spacing in the rows 60 centimetres, line-spacing 120 centimetres, waters after cultivation at once.
2 field management
2.1 water management
After field planting, 2-3 normal root water to be watered in time, guarantee alive.Survive the winter before burying soil and water a water, be both conducive to safe overwintering, and conveniently buried soil again.After temperature improvements in the beginning of spring in next year, according to field soil moisture content, timely and appropriate discovery waters water of turning green, water of buddingging, and generally adopts border irrigation; After irrigating a water, should wait antecedent soil moisture, leaf slightly wilt after feed water again, water and in the morning, the high temperature period will be avoided.
2.2 pruning
First Year after field planting, because plant is less, for promoting plant vegetative growth, three times to be carried out prune in spring, summer, the bud of appearance is wanted manually to destroy in time, make the inflorescence height that newly grows consistent, concrete pruning method: carry out in time for standard with aobvious flower bud about 5% simultaneously, namely with reaping hook, the flower bud of 5% is sliced off together with not showing the long shoot bar of flower bud.The concrete time is late May first time, for the second time mid-June, early July third time.Autumn in late August to early September, then prunes once, mainly old branch, deadwood, sick branch, old and feeble branch etc. is cut after gathering in the crops.
After field planting, Second Year starts, and carry out three times equally in annual spring, summer and prune, but the pruning time suitably shifts to an earlier date, be generally late April first time, second time early and middle ten days in May, early June third time.Trimming method is: first time and second time are mainly cut extracting Hua Taiwan and deadwood, sick branch, descending branch etc. out, and promote that a Secondary branches occurs, deadwood, sick branch, descending branch etc. are mainly cut by third time.Autumn in late August to early September, then prunes once, mainly old branch, deadwood, sick branch, old and feeble branch etc. is cut after gathering in the crops.
2.3 fertilizing management
2.3.1 topdress for three times: first time chases after striking root fertilizer in mid or late April, 2013, and mu chases after two ammonium 15kg+ urea 10 ~ 20kg, from seedling 8 ~ 10 ㎝, dark 8 ~ 10 ㎝; Second time topdress June early and middle ten days chase after fertilizer of buddingging, mu chases after Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium N:P:K (15:15:15) 55kg, now, plant strain growth proceeds to reproductive growth by nourishing and growing, and nitrogen fertilizer amount is unsuitable excessive, otherwise easily causes plant excessive growth, inflorescence is loose long, and floral whorl number is few; Before third time winter irrigation, mu chases after 1000kg decomposed manure.
2.3.2 four foliage fertilizers: often prune in spring, summer once, foliage spray once, is pruned three times, foliage spray three times, and front twice spray " blue calcium " is each once (20ml/ bag, calcic Liang≤110g/l, Han Dan Liang≤80g/l dilute 500 times of sprayings); (20ml/ bag, Fe Mn Zn B Zong Liang≤20g/l An Ji Suan≤100g/l dilutes 500 times)+400mg/L paclobutrazol once in third time spray " spray is green "; At early and middle ten days in July, spray 0.2% boron fertilizer+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor 1 time 4th time, the amount of spraying generally starts to drip with blade and is advisable at every turn, and annual plant is less, generally the every mu of amount of spraying 15-20kg, after life in 2 years, and the generally every mu of amount of spraying 30-40kg; , a Secondary branches and the amount of blooming can be increased like this, make plant downgrade simultaneously, strengthen lodging tolerance, delay, kind of blooming period prolonging.
2.4 bury soil
Bury soil generally November early and middle ten days carry out, plant all covers by ditching soil, and blinding thickness 8 ~ 10 centimetres, to early April in the coming year, pulls down soil, earthing, takes off soil and all will note damaging branch.
2.5 results
Generally in full-bloom stage results, spend lower 5cm place to gather in colored fringe in most next round, be not with cauline leaf.Overcast and rainy or morning, dew was large time do not gather in.
Effective effect of the present invention:
Adopt cultivation method of the present invention, effectively can ensure loose, the ventilative soil environment needed for root growth, while short root, strong root, promotion plant strain growth, particularly Second Year is by pruning in advance and repeatedly pruning, facilitate a Secondary branches to occur, and spray leaf fertilizer, effectively can promote that cauline leaf perfects, improve photosynthetic efficiency, increase the amount of blooming, late blooming about 20 days, and kind of blooming period prolonging about 10 days, essential oil yield can also suitably increase, and does not affect essential oil quality again.While raising ornamental value, effective improve effects.
Embodiment
The experimental technique used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Material used in following embodiment, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
The embodiment of the present invention
With " newly smoking No. one " for handling object, " newly smoking No. one " is bred as by the Production and Construction Corps of Xinjiang the 4th teacher's Institute of agricultural sciences, and be local main breed at present, the cultivation management method at concrete its florescence of prolongation is as follows:
1 field planting
1.1 site preparation and fertilization
Select one piece soil fertility be even, draining is good, soil layer is deep, without the plantation of saline and alkaline plot, totally 15 mu.On September 22nd, 2012 ploughs deeply and suns the earth which has been ploughed up.October 3, mu executed decomposed manure 4000 kilograms, 15 kilograms, phosphate fertilizer, and 10 kilograms, urea, makes base fertilizer, then plough whole well.
1.2 transplanting stocks are selected
Select robust growth, with or without the annual seedling of damage by disease and insect, before field planting, dip in root process with 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid+1000ppm root-inducing powders.
1.3 field planting
Field planting on October 20 in 2012, spacing in the rows 60 centimetres, line-spacing 120 centimetres, waters normal root water after cultivation at once.
2 field management
2.1 water management
After field planting, water 2 normal root water and guarantee alive.The beginning of spring in 2013, temperature got warm again after a cold spell to results, respectively at April 22, June 6, border irrigation on July 17 3 water.On October 24th, 2013 fills with a water, is both conducive to safe overwintering, and conveniently buries soil again.
The beginning of spring in 2014, temperature got warm again after a cold spell to results, respectively at April 26, June 7, July 12, border irrigation on August 74 water.On October 28th, 2014 fills with a water.
2.2 pruning
Spring in 2013, summer have carried out 3 times and have pruned, and the time is May 23 first time, for the second time June 13, July 10 third time.Concrete pruning method: the flower bud of 5% is sliced off together with the long shoot bar of not aobvious flower bud with reaping hook.After results, September 9, prune once, mainly old branch, deadwood, sick branch, old and feeble branch etc. are cut.
Spring in 2014, summer carry out three times and prune, and the time of pruning is April 21 first time, for the second time May 10, June 7 third time.Trimming method: first time and second time are mainly cut taking out Hua Taiwan and deadwood, sick branch, descending branch etc., and deadwood, sick branch, descending branch etc. are mainly cut by third time.After gathering in the crops autumn, pruned once September 2, mainly old branch, deadwood, sick branch, old and feeble branch etc. are cut.
2.3 fertilizing management
2.3.1 topdress for three times: on April 18th, 2013 chases after disposable fertilizer, mu chases after two ammonium 15kg+ urea 10kg; June 24, second time was topdressed, and mu chases after Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium N:P:K (15:15:15) 55kg; October 20 chased after disposable fertilizer, and mu chases after 1000kg decomposed manure.
On April 21st, 2014 chases after disposable fertilizer, and mu chases after two ammonium 15kg, urea 20kg; June 26, second time was topdressed, and mu chases after Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium N:P:K (15:15:15) 55kg; October 22 chased after disposable fertilizer, and mu chases after 1000kg decomposed manure.
2.3.2 four foliage fertilizers: 2013 and often prune once in spring in 2014, summer, once, front twice spray " blue calcium " is each once (20ml/ bag, calcic Liang≤110g/l, Han Dan Liang≤80g/l dilute 500 times of sprayings) in foliage spray; (20ml/ bag, Fe Mn Zn B Zong Liang≤20g/l An Ji Suan≤100g/l dilutes 500 times)+400mg/L paclobutrazol once in third time spray " spray is green "; On July 7th, 2013 and on July 11st, 2014 have carried out the 4th foliage spray respectively, spray 0.2% boron fertilizer+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor 1 time; The amount of spraying generally starts to drip with blade and is advisable at every turn, and annual plant (2013) is less, and the every mu of amount of spraying is 20kg, life in 2 years (2014), the every mu of amount of spraying 40kg; A Secondary branches and the amount of blooming can be increased, make plant downgrade simultaneously, strengthen lodging tolerance, simultaneously late blooming, and kind of blooming period prolonging.
2.4 bury soil
Bury soil generally November early and middle ten days carry out, plant all covers by ditching soil, and blinding thickness 8-10 centimetre, to early April in the coming year, pulls down soil, earthing, takes off soil and all will note damaging branch.
2.5 results
Full-bloom stage results, spent lower 5cm place to gather in colored fringe in most next round, were not with cauline leaf August 2.Overcast and rainy or morning, dew was large time do not gather in.
Comparative example
Field planting, water management and bury soil etc. step identical with the embodiment of the present invention.Mainly variant on pruning, topdressing, thus final harvest time is also different, is specially:
1 pruning
Conventional cultivation: the seedling of field planting First Year, be promote plant vegetative growth, multiple branch, for forming good plant type, amount of growth lays the first stone.Generally also prune 3 times in spring, summer, mainly the bud that plant early sends out all wiped out, this to impinging upon on May 23rd, 2013, June 13, July 10 prunes once respectively.
From field planting the 2nd year, only respectively prune once in spring, autumn, mainly old branch, deadwood, sick branch, old and feeble branch etc. are cut.This is to impinging upon on April 30th, 2014, each pruning on September 2 once.
2 fertilizer managements
Lavender growing period generally topdresses 3 times, mainly gets warm again after a cold spell in the beginning of spring in April and respectively chases after once before buddingging, topdressing once before winter irrigation in autumn again.This contrast topdressing method, time same embodiment.
Foliage spray just at First Year, because plant is little, can in conjunction with pruning buddingging to before just spending, foliage spray 2-3 time.This, to impinging upon on May 23rd, 2013, June 16, respectively sprays urea 80 grams+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150 grams of mixed liquors once.
3 results
To impinging upon full-bloom stage results on July 3, spending lower 5cm place to gather in colored fringe in most next round, not being with cauline leaf.
Finally respectively take sample strain 100 strain, fresh flower of gathering, weighs respectively, then carries oil, and measures main essential oil quality, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 newly smokes an essential oil yield and main quality
Result shows, by the application of the inventive method, facilitate once with the generation of Secondary branches, add and spend number, plant strain growth is healthy and strong, makes lavender late blooming 20 days, florescence can extend 9 days simultaneously, and essential oil yield increases by 4.3%, and what difference is essential oil main quality do not have.
By the cultivation method of this patent and traditional cultivation are arranged in pairs or groups, local lavender can be made to view and admire the time by original mid-June to early July, change into from mid-June until early August.
Claims (8)
1. extend the cultivation method at lavender florescence, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) site preparation and fertilization: selection water level is lower, draining is good, soil layer is deep, without the plantation of saline and alkaline plot, soil deeptillage reaches 25 ~ 27 centimetres, and plough deeply front mu and execute high-quality fertilizer 500 kilograms, 15 kilograms, phosphate fertilizer, base fertilizer made by 10 kilograms, urea;
(2) field planting: growth selection is healthy and strong, without the annual seedling of damage by disease and insect, dips in root process with 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid and 1000ppm root-inducing powder before field planting; Spacing in the rows 60 centimetres, line-spacing 120 centimetres, waters after cultivation at once;
(3) pruning
First Year after field planting, will carry out three times prune, by the bud occurred in spring, summer, want manually to destroy in time, make the inflorescence height that newly grows consistent, concrete pruning method: carry out in time for standard with aobvious flower bud about 5% simultaneously, namely with reaping hook, the flower bud of 5% is sliced off together with not showing the long shoot bar of flower bud; Autumn in late August to early September, then prunes once, old branch, deadwood, sick branch, old and feeble secateurs is fallen after gathering in the crops;
After field planting, Second Year starts, carry out three times equally in annual spring, summer to prune, but each pruning time is than First Year one month earlier left and right, concrete trimming method: first time and second time are cut extracting Hua Taiwan and deadwood, sick branch, descending branch etc. out, promote that first and second branch occurs, deadwood, sick branch, descending branch are mainly cut by third time; After gathering in the crops autumn, then prune once, mainly old branch, deadwood, sick branch, old and feeble secateurs are fallen.
(4) fertilizing management
Carry out vegetative period topdressing for three times: first time chases after striking root fertilizer, from seedling 8 ~ 10 ㎝, dark 8 ~ 10 ㎝; Second time chases after fertilizer of buddingging, and now, plant strain growth proceeds to reproductive growth by nourishing and growing, and nitrogen fertilizer amount is unsuitable excessive, otherwise easily causes plant excessive growth, and inflorescence is loose long, and floral whorl number is few; Be for the third time before winter irrigation, impose fertilizer; Four foliage fertilizers: often prune in spring, summer once, once, front twice spray " blue calcium " is each once in foliage spray; + 400mg/L paclobutrazol once in third time spray " spray is green "; 4th time at early and middle ten days in July, sprayed boric fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor 1 time; The amount of spraying all starts to drip with blade and is advisable, the annual plant every mu of amount of spraying 15-20kg, after life in 2 years, and the every mu of amount of spraying 30-40kg;
(5) soil is buried
Bury soil November early and middle ten days carry out, plant all covers by ditching soil, and blinding thickness 8-10 centimetre, to early April in the coming year, pulls down soil, earthing, takes off soil and all will note damaging branch;
(6) gather in the crops: in full-bloom stage results, spend lower 5cm place to gather in colored fringe in most next round, be not with cauline leaf, overcast and rainy or morning, dew was large time do not gather in.
2. a kind of cultivation method extending the lavender florescence according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lavender cultivation place is Xinjiang region, cultivation method according to claim 1 and traditional cultivation method are arranged in pairs or groups and plants, local lavender is made to view and admire the time by original mid-June to early July, change into from mid-June until early August, kind of blooming period prolonging.
3. a kind of cultivation method extending the lavender florescence according to claim 2, is characterized in that, resident time is that late October is to early November.
4. a kind of cultivation method extending the lavender florescence according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the time of pruning for three times that carry out in described First Year spring, summer is late May first time, for the second time mid-June, early July third time; The pruning time after gathering in the crops autumn is that late August is to early September; The time of carry out in Second Year spring, summer for three times pruning for being specially late April first time, second time early and middle ten days in May, early June third time.
5. a kind of cultivation method extending the lavender florescence according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the time that described first time chases after striking root fertilizer is in mid or late April, 2013; Second time dressing time is early and middle ten days in June; Third time is the last ten-days period in October.
6. a kind of cultivation method extending the lavender florescence according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, topdress for three times of described vegetative period and be specially: first time every mu imposes two ammonium 15kg+ urea 10 ~ 20kg; Second time every mu imposes the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 55kg of N:P:K=15:15:15; Third time mu 1000kg decomposed manure.
7. a kind of cultivation method extending the lavender florescence according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described " blue calcium " specification is 20ml/ bag, calcic amount≤110g/l, containing nitrogen amount≤80g/l, dilutes 500 times of sprayings and uses; The specification of described " spray is green " is 20ml/ bag, Fe Mn Zn B Zong Liang≤20g/l An Ji Suan≤100g/l, use of spraying after diluting 500 times.
8. a kind of cultivation method extending the lavender florescence according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, sprays foliage fertilizer and is specially for described the 4th time: 0.2% boron fertilizer+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor.
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| CN105294218A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛百瑞吉生物工程有限公司 | Treatment method for lengthening florescence of lavender |
| CN107258421A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-10-20 | 蚌埠市众星蔬果科技专业合作社联合社 | A kind of method for extending the cercis florescence |
| CN107371962A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-24 | 合肥沁牧生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for extending the cercis florescence |
| CN107896785A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-13 | 陕西省西安植物园 | A kind of northern open field soil implantation methods for extending Flos Daturae arboreae viewing period |
| CN109757228A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-17 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of division propagation method suitable for highlands lavender |
| CN110366922A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-25 | 伊犁哈萨克自治州农业科学研究所 | The method of lavender cuttage and seedling culture |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105294218A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛百瑞吉生物工程有限公司 | Treatment method for lengthening florescence of lavender |
| CN107258421A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-10-20 | 蚌埠市众星蔬果科技专业合作社联合社 | A kind of method for extending the cercis florescence |
| CN107371962A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-24 | 合肥沁牧生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for extending the cercis florescence |
| CN107896785A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-13 | 陕西省西安植物园 | A kind of northern open field soil implantation methods for extending Flos Daturae arboreae viewing period |
| CN107896785B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2021-07-20 | 陕西省西安植物园 | Northern open field overwintering planting method for prolonging ornamental period of woody datura stramonium |
| CN109757228A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-17 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of division propagation method suitable for highlands lavender |
| CN110366922A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-25 | 伊犁哈萨克自治州农业科学研究所 | The method of lavender cuttage and seedling culture |
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| CN104938176B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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