CN102823628B - Honey bee attractant and method for seed production and honeybee pollination of soybean hybrid seed in field - Google Patents

Honey bee attractant and method for seed production and honeybee pollination of soybean hybrid seed in field Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102823628B
CN102823628B CN201210183837.5A CN201210183837A CN102823628B CN 102823628 B CN102823628 B CN 102823628B CN 201210183837 A CN201210183837 A CN 201210183837A CN 102823628 B CN102823628 B CN 102823628B
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attractant
honeybee
soybean
pollination
hybrid
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CN102823628A (en
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葛凤晨
历延芳
孙寰
赵丽梅
闫德斌
宋延明
彭宝
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APICULTURE INSTITUTE OF JILIN PROVINCE
Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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APICULTURE INSTITUTE OF JILIN PROVINCE
Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a honey bee attractant and a method for seed production and pollination of a soybean hybrid seed in a field. The honey bee attractant is prepared from cellular liquid, imitation flower liquid, syrup and water. The method comprises the steps of: selecting the field suitable for growth of soybean, sowing the soybean hybrid seed in good time, interplanting a male parent and a female parent at an interval of a ridge, selecting required quantity of healthy pollination swarm before pollination, transporting the healthy pollination swarm in the soybean field at an early flowering stage of the soybean; feeding attractant syrup one hour before spraying the honey bee attractant in each day or at an interval of a day; forming 1-5 ridges for every1-3 days, spraying the honey bee attractant on hybrid soybean plant leaf of the male parent and the female parent in the 1-5 ridges; inducing a large quantity of bees to gradually fall on the hybrid soybean plant leaf to eat the attractant syrup; then spraying the honey bee attractant on the two sides of a hybrid soybean strain stem, inducing the bees to climb on the soybean strain stem and continue to climb on the soybean to collect, thereby pollinating the hybrid soybean; stopping spraying the honey bee attractant in a cloudy or rainy day, and spraying the honey bee attractant when the weather gets nicer, so as to keep enough attractant required for inducing the bees in the field.

Description

Honeybee attractant and for the method for hybrid soybean seeds field production of hybrid seeds honeybee pollination
Technical field
The present invention relates to honeybee attractant and for the method for soybean hybridization field seed production and pollination.
Background technology
Soybean is self-pollinated plant, by insect pollination, just can normally not bear pods.But hybrid soybean seeds must be solid through artificial pollination or insect pollination ability, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, through the hybrid soybean seeds of seed selection for many years, increases production more than 20% some volume increase 30~50% than common soybeans.Hybrid soybean seeds is that the soya cells matter male sterile by different cultivars is maternal, and soybean restorer or the maintenance of different cultivars are male parent, through hybridization, combine.Yet soybean hybridization pollination is the bottleneck of puzzlement hybrid soybean seeds field Key Techniques in Seed Production, make the hybrid soybean seeds can not spread.Therefore solve the task of top priority that soybean hybridization pollination has become hybrid soybean seeds seeding technique.
Honeybee is outstanding Pollinating Insect, but honeybee do not like interviewing large Tofu pudding, because soybean nectar, pollen are few, fragrance of a flower smell is low, little to honeybee attraction, therefore, with honeybee, for the method for other crops pollination, comes for hybrid soybean seeds pollination, and effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is in order to solve the technical problem existing in the production of hybrid seeds of hybrid soybean seeds field, provide a kind of honeybee attractant and for hybrid soybean seeds field seed production and pollination method, to be suitable for the production of hybrid seeds of hybrid soybean seeds field, improve hybrid soybean seeds output, further in production field, apply.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of honeybee attractant, and by honeycomb liquid 7.0~15g, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0g, syrup 5.0 ~ 10g that the white sugar of water and equivalent makes, cold water 70~85.5g is mixed and forms; The preparation method of above-mentioned honeybee attractant, is comprised of following process and step.
(1) preparation of described honeycomb extract, get honeybee nest spleen 1 ㎏, be cut into fragment, add 75% ethanol 1000ml, airtight immersion 72h, after filtering with 100 order gauzes, collect the broken honeycomb of filter residue stand-by, it is 25% honeycomb liquid that its filtrate is concentrated into water content under 50 ℃-0.095Mpa vacuum; Take the broken honeycomb after alcohol extract filters, add water 1500ml, under 85~95 ℃ of stirrings, be concentrated to 800ml, stop heating, remove the beeswax that solidify on top after cooling, with 100 order gauzes, filter waste collection honeycomb liquid; The honeycomb liquid of above-mentioned extracted twice is mixed to get to honeycomb liquid.
(2) preparation of described imitative fragrance of a flower liquid; By pollen essences 2.5~5.0g, evening primrose oil 2.5~5.0g, orange oil 2.5~5.0g, perilla herb oil 2.5~5.0g mixes and is contained in a bottle, then adds 50%~75% ethanol 80~90 ml, is mixed formulated.
(3) get honeycomb liquid 7.0~15g ,imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0g, syrup 5.0 ~ 10g that the white sugar of water and equivalent makes, cold water 70~85.5g, mixes and makes described honeybee attractant.
2, honeybee attractant, for the method for hybrid soybean seeds field production of hybrid seeds honeybee pollination, is comprised of following process and step:
(1) honeybee pollination hybrid soybean field is selected
According to regional climatic condition, select to be suitable for the field of soybeans they grow, by the normal field management hybrid soybean seeds of beginning sowing in good time, and implement every between ridge, to plant between male parent, female parent.
(2) pollination bee colony is selected
In the bee colony of normal breeding, select pollination bee colony, pollination bee colony will reach 8 frame honeybees, group's gesture more than 7 sub-spleens; Wherein, foraging bee accounts for full group honeybee number 30% left and right, and house bee accounts for 70% left and right; Bee colony health is without swarming fever, non-communicable disease.
(3) pollination bee colony is transported soybeans
The soybean blossoming initial stage is transported hybrid soybean seeds seed farm by selected pollination bee colony, and per hectare is placed 3 ~ 6 groups, pollination bee colony.
(4) the honeybee attractant of spraying, feed
In between the hybrid soybean seeds seed farm of just having bloomed, every day or spray first 1 hour implementing honeybee attractant every other day, the attractant syrup of feeding; 1 ~ 5 ridge ground, every 1 ~ 3 day interval, to male parent, the hybridization of female parent soybean plant strain foliar spray mist honeybee attractant in 1 ~ 5 ridge ground, lures a large amount of honeybees to drop on gradually the attractant syrup of searching for food on hybrid soybean plants leaf; To hybrid soybean strain stalk two side spray honeybee attractants, lure honeybee to climb up on soybean strain stalk again, climb to successively hybrid soybean and take collection, thereby be hybrid soybean pollination; The fine day honeybee attractant of normally spraying, overcast and rainyly stops spraying; After weather takes a turn for the better, recover spraying honeybee attractant at once, to keep field to have, be enough to the satisfied needed attractant of honeybee of luring.
(5) the soybean florescence finishes, and the honeybee attractant that stops spraying is withdrawn hybrid soybean production of hybrid seeds ground by pollination bee colony.
The present invention compared with prior art has following remarkable result:
1) the honeybee attractant of the present invention's exploitation is that hybrid soybean seeds field seed production and pollination has been opened up a brand-new road for luring the apis mellifera of raising or honeybee.
2) the present invention can make hybrid soybean seeds production of hybrid seeds Pod Bearing Percentage reach the low outcrossing rate kind of (comparing with autophilous male parent) 78.9 %() the high outcrossing rate kind of~87.8%(), average every strain is born pods and is reached 52.9, the hybrid soybean seeds output being applied in production improves 17.7~49%, and advanced that hybrid soybean seeds is bred, the production of hybrid seeds and applying producing Tanaka, demonstrate obvious social benefit and ecological benefits.
3) honeybee attractant is researched and developed successfully, make full use of honeybee and hybrid soybean seeds biological property separately, brought into play the effect to honeybee induction of cellular resources and imitative fragrance of a flower information, the honeybee that makes to pollinate is adapted to as hybrid soybean seeds field seed production and pollination, has substantially broken through the bottleneck of restriction hybrid soybean field seed production and pollination technology.
4) honeybee attractant adopts nonhazardous natural material, for honeybee attractant is used in the production of hybrid seeds of hybrid soybean field
Pollination, provides ripe complete honeybee attractant prescription and manufacturing condition thereof, and efficiency is high, pollution-free, to people and honeybee safety.
5) honeybee attractant first Application is pollinated between hybrid soybean seeds seed farm, solve honeybee and do not liked interviewing large Tofu pudding, the difficult problem that pollination efficiency is low, give full play to the advantage of utilizing abundant Honeybee pollination, be to hybrid soybean seeds seed selection, the land for growing field crops production of hybrid seeds, promote the use of a revolution of soybean in field plantation.
embodiment
Embodiment 1: honeybee attractant and preparation method thereof
(1) honeybee attractant, by honeycomb liquid 7.0~15g, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0g, syrup 5.0 ~ 10g that the white sugar of water and equivalent makes, cold water 70~85.5g, is mixed and forms,
(2) preparation of honeybee attractant, is comprised of following process and step:
1) honeycomb liquid extracts: extract with step according to the following procedure:
1. get honeybee nest spleen 1 ㎏, be cut into fragment, add 75% ethanol 1000ml, airtight immersion 72h, after filtering, collects filter residue honeycomb fragment with 100 order gauzes, and it is 25% honeycomb liquid that filtrate is concentrated into water content under 50 ℃-0.095Mpa vacuum.
2. take the honeycomb fragment after alcohol extract filters, add running water 1500ml, under 85~95 ℃ of stirrings, be concentrated to 800ml, stop heating, remove the beeswax of surface solidification after cooling, with 100 order gauzes, filter waste collection liquid.
3. the honeycomb liquid blending 1., 2. above-mentioned steps being extracted, obtains honeycomb liquid.
2) allotment of imitative fragrance of a flower liquid: by pollen essences 2.5~5.0g, evening primrose oil 2.5~5.0g, orange oil 2.5~5.0g, perilla herb oil 2.5~5.0g mixes and is contained in a bottle, then adds 50%~75% ethanol 80~90 ml, by its mixing;
Embodiment 2: honeybee attractant is for the method for hybrid soybean seeds field seed production and pollination
1) between honeybee pollination hybrid soybean seed farm, select:
According to regional climatic condition, select to be applicable to the field of soybeans they grow, the hybrid soybean seeds of beginning sowing in good time, and implement normal field management, the rational application of fertilizer, pour water, insect protected, shovel etc., guarantee that soybean is not affected by damage by disease and insect, severe drought etc., keep the normal growing way of soybean.The production of hybrid seeds of hybrid soybean seeds field is planted every between ridge according to 1 ridge male parent → 1 ridge or 2 ridge female parents, and 1 ridge male parent → 1 ridge or 2 ridges female parent → 1 ridge male parent → 1 ridge or 2 ridges are maternal, by that analogy.
2) pollination bee colony is selected:
Before pollination 5 ~ 7 days, in the bee colony of normal breeding, select pollination bee colony, pollination bee colony will reach 8 frame honeybees, group's gesture more than 7 sub-spleens; Wherein, foraging bee accounts for full group honeybee number 30% left and right, and house bee accounts for 70% left and right; Bee colony health is without swarming fever, non-communicable disease.
3) the soybean blossoming initial stage is transported hybrid soybean seeds seed farm by selected pollination bee colony, and per hectare ground is placed 3~6 groups.
4) implement spraying, the honeybee attractant of feeding: in the field of the hybrid soybean seeds production of hybrid seeds of blooming, every day or every other day first about 1 hour of spraying honeybee attractant, be the bee colony attractant syrup of feeding; Then to the honeybee attractant of spraying on hybrid soybean plants leaf, every 1~3 day interval 1~5 ridge spraying honeybee attractant 1~5 ridge, lures a large amount of honeybees to drop on gradually the attractant syrup of searching for food on hybrid soybean plants leaf; To hybrid soybean strain stalk two side spray honeybee attractants, lure honeybee to climb up on soybean strain stalk again, climb to again successively hybrid soybean and take collection, thereby be hybrid soybean pollination; The fine day honeybee attractant of normally spraying, overcast and rainyly stops spraying; After weather takes a turn for the better, recover spraying honeybee attractant at once, to keep field to have, be enough to meet the attractant of luring honeybee.
5) the soybean florescence finishes, and stops using attractant, and pollination bee colony is withdrawn to soybeans.
6) survey Pod Bearing Percentage and real output: after soybean fallen leaves, survey Pod Bearing Percentage, look into the maternal and male parent quantity that bears pods, calculate maternal Pod Bearing Percentage; During the ripe results of soybean, calculate respectively the actual production of hybrid soybean seeds father, female parent.
The present invention utilizes honeybee for hybrid soybean seeds pollination technique, the honeycomb liquid of selecting different cultivars honeybee to utilize to contain in honeybee attractant, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid and syrup, have certain attraction to honeybee, has transferred the enthusiasm that honeybee is interviewed large Tofu pudding.Select to be applicable to the field plantation hybrid soybean seeds of soybeans they grow, broken through by spraying attractant and the attractant syrup of feeding, inductive education honeybee is that between hybrid soybean seed farm, pollination technique is crucial.
China is a traditional Soybean production state, Soybean production potentiality and soybean market are in great demand, the present invention lures honeybee by honeybee attractant, for hybrid soybean seeds pollination technique, not only can solve the solid problem of pollination of hybrid soybean seeds, and to improving hybrid soybean hybrid seed yield, in Soybean production Tanaka extensive use, promote, promote the large area volume increase of Soybean production field, tool is of great significance.

Claims (2)

1. a honeybee attractant, by honeycomb liquid 7.0~15g, imitates fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0g, syrup 5.0~10g that the white sugar of water and equivalent makes, and cold water 70~85.5g, is mixed and forms; The preparation method of above-mentioned honeybee attractant, is comprised of following process and step:
(1) extraction of described honeycomb liquid: get honeybee nest spleen 1 ㎏, be cut into fragment, add 75% ethanol 1000ml, airtight immersion 72h, after filtering with 100 order gauzes, collect the broken honeycomb of filter residue stand-by, it is 25% honeycomb liquid that its filtrate is concentrated into water content under 50 ℃-0.095Mpa vacuum; Take the broken honeycomb after alcohol extract filters, add water 1500ml, under 85~95 ℃ of stirrings, be concentrated to 800ml, stop heating, remove the beeswax that solidify on top after cooling, with 100 order gauzes, filter waste collection honeycomb liquid; The honeycomb liquid of above-mentioned extracted twice is mixed and obtains honeycomb liquid;
(2) preparation of described imitative fragrance of a flower liquid: get pollen essences 2.5~5.0g, evening primrose oil 2.5~5.0g, orange oil 2.5~5.0g, perilla herb oil 2.5~5.0g mixes and is contained in a bottle, then adds 50%~75% ethanol 80~90 ml, is mixed formulated;
(3) get honeycomb liquid 7.0~15g, imitative fragrance of a flower liquid 2.5 ~ 5.0g, syrup 5.0 ~ 10g that the white sugar of water and equivalent makes, cold water 70~85.5g, mixes and makes described honeybee attractant.
2. honeybee attractant as claimed in claim 1, for the method for hybrid soybean seeds field production of hybrid seeds honeybee pollination, is comprised of following process and step:
(1) honeybee pollination hybrid soybean field is selected
According to regional climatic condition, select to be suitable for the field of soybeans they grow, by the normal field management hybrid soybean seeds of beginning sowing in good time, and implement every between ridge, to plant between male parent, female parent;
(2) pollination bee colony is selected
In the bee colony of normal breeding, select pollination bee colony, pollination bee colony will reach 8 frame honeybees, group's gesture more than 7 sub-spleens; Wherein, foraging bee accounts for full group honeybee number 30% left and right, and house bee accounts for 70% left and right; Bee colony health is without swarming fever, non-communicable disease;
(3) pollination bee colony is transported soybeans
The soybean blossoming initial stage is transported hybrid soybean seeds seed farm by selected pollination bee colony, and per hectare is placed 3 ~ 6 groups, pollination bee colony;
(4) the honeybee attractant of spraying, feed
Between the hybrid soybean seeds seed farm of just having bloomed, every day or spray first 1 hour implementing honeybee attractant every other day, the attractant syrup of feeding; 1 ~ 5 ridge ground, every 1 ~ 3 day interval, to male parent, the hybridization of female parent soybean plant strain foliar spray mist honeybee attractant in 1 ~ 5 ridge ground, lures a large amount of honeybees to drop on gradually to search for food on hybrid soybean plants leaf attractant syrup; To hybrid soybean strain stalk two side spray honeybee attractants, lure honeybee to climb up on soybean strain stalk again, climb to successively hybrid soybean and take collection, thereby be hybrid soybean pollination; The fine day honeybee attractant of normally spraying, overcast and rainyly stops spraying; After weather takes a turn for the better, recover spraying honeybee attractant at once, to keep field to have, be enough to the satisfied needed attractant of honeybee of luring;
(5) the soybean florescence finishes, and the honeybee attractant that stops spraying is withdrawn hybrid soybean production of hybrid seeds ground by pollination bee colony.
CN201210183837.5A 2011-12-27 2012-06-06 Honey bee attractant and method for seed production and honeybee pollination of soybean hybrid seed in field Expired - Fee Related CN102823628B (en)

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