CN102474396B - 用于无线带内信令系统中数据传输的高效纠错方案 - Google Patents

用于无线带内信令系统中数据传输的高效纠错方案 Download PDF

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CN102474396B
CN102474396B CN201080034299.2A CN201080034299A CN102474396B CN 102474396 B CN102474396 B CN 102474396B CN 201080034299 A CN201080034299 A CN 201080034299A CN 102474396 B CN102474396 B CN 102474396B
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K·伯明翰
L·L·洪
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ALBIQIT Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H04L1/1819—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ] with retransmission of additional or different redundancy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0084—Formats for payload data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/20—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems

Abstract

在一个实施例中，移动设备将一个有效负荷分段以传输至远程服务器，并且为每个有效负荷段提供冗余数据。所述远程服务器使用所述冗余数据在每段基础上检查所接收的有效负荷，以识别与错误关联的段。然后所述服务器利用与所述移动设备的一次或多次交换，为所识别的段请求纠错位。此后，所述服务器可以使用所接收的纠错位执行纠错，然后如果需要则请求重新传输所述有效负荷。

Description

用于无线带内信令系统中数据传输的高效纠错方案
版权公告
2010 Airbiquity，Inc.本专利文献的公开内容的一部分包含受版权保护的材料。版权所有者不反对任何人精确复制本专利文献或本专利公开内容，因其出现在专利商标局专利文件或记录中，但在其他情况下无论如何保留所有版权权利。37 CFR§1.71(d)。
背景技术
无线电信覆盖已经变得在全世界大部，尤其是在工业化国家，几乎无处不在。同样，在一些发展中国家，缺少传统的铜线电信基础设施的地区已跨过该技术而部署了无线技术。现代无线网络提供了各种各样的语音和数据服务。这些服务的技术详情可以在许多地方，例如3GPP标准组网站www.3gpp.org，找到。
但是，一些无线数据服务慢且覆盖不均。“SMS”(短消息服务)就是一个例子。相对比，无线语音服务趋于具有普遍好的品质，且在人们所到之处几乎都是可用的。因此，在可靠且广泛的覆盖重要的情况下，例如在实施紧急服务，诸如请求警察、救火、医疗或其他紧急服务时，语音服务是好的选择。当人们旅行时，尤其是在机动车辆中，抵达紧急服务的有效无线通信是必不可少的。
我们提及“带内”通信指的是在语音信道中，区别于数据信道、控制信道或其他非语音无线服务。重要的是，尽管语音信道被优化用于高效传输真实人类语音业务，但事实上，语音信道也可以用于传输相对少量的数据(例如，数十比特或数百比特，而不是数兆比特)。语音信道的特点在于特殊的性能特征。例如，基于正常的人类语音，仅需要收发相对窄范围的音频频率。事实上，已知一些复杂的压缩和编码技术使得能够非常高效地在数字无线网络上发送和接收人类语音。但是，这些语音编码器或“声码器”(一般用软件、DSP芯片及类似物来实现)根本不传输非语音声音。相反地，它们被仔细设计以滤除非语音信号。
图1是例示了典型的用于无线语音呼叫的话路(speech path)，即无线电信网络上的电话呼叫，的简化方框图。来自麦克风的模拟语音信号被A/D转换器数字化，然后馈送至声码器编码算法(以8000样本/秒)。编码器产生压缩数据包(一般每20ms的音频帧一个包)，并将该数据流馈送至无线电收发机。在另一方，无线电接收机将所述包传送至解码算法，然后该解码算法将原始语音信号(不完美地)重构为PCM流。该PCM流最终被转换回模拟电压，然后该模拟电压被施加到扬声器。
使用这类系统，适量的数据(这里我们指用户数据，而不是声码器话语数据)可以通过仔细选择频率、时序以及使用特殊技术而被“带内”传输，所述特殊技术通过使信息“看起来像”人类语音数据来“欺骗”声码器传输信息。这类使用无线系统的语音信道的数据通信有时称为“带内信令”。它可以用称为“带内信令调制解调器”的硬件和/或软件来实现，其借用了传统的“陆上线路”电信中熟知的老术语“调制解调器”(调制器-解调器)。
一些已授权专利公开了在无线电信网络的语音信道上传送数字数据的带内信令技术。在一个实施例中，输入端接收数字数据。编码器将该数字数据转化为合成人类话语频率特征的音调(audio tones)。所述数字数据也被编码以防止电信网络中的语音编码电路破坏代表该数字数据的合成音调。然后输出端将该合成音调输出至数字无线电信网络的语音信道。在一些情况中，携带“调(tones)”的数据随着语音同时发送。所述调可以被制作得短且相对不引人注意。在有时称为“空白和突发(blank and burst)”的其他实施方式中，在通过语音信道传输数据时，语音被切断。在另一些实施方式中，音频谱(audiofrequency spectrum)的一些部分被用于语音，而其他部分被保留用于数据。这有助于在接收端的解码。
如今，许多车辆都具有一些在无线网络上通信的能力。我们将这些车辆系统称为远程信息处理(telematics)客户端系统。图2是一个示例性车载系统(IVS)的简化方框图。它示出了典型的远程信息处理客户端系统的相关部分的一个实例。该客户端系统由被设计为在机动车环境中工作的嵌入式硬件和软件组成。
在图2中，远程信息处理软件包括“顾客应用(customapplication)”，其可以是几乎任何应用，尤其是采用经由无线网络的数据传输的应用。例如，该顾客应用可以涉及导航或娱乐。在运行中，该顾客应用将数据(优选为数据包)传输至带内信令调制解调器。该带内调制解调器将该数据(连同包报头及其他合适的开销)转换为音频调(audio frequency tones)。该音频“数据调”被编码，非常像语音内容，且被传输至远程接收机。
如同在任何通信系统中，在带内信令的处理中也会出现错误。在带内信令的背景下检错和纠错是个挑战，因为传输带宽非常小。通常，所传输的数据量(有效负荷大小)是小的，在数十字节或数百字节的数量级。据此，在这个已经是窄带宽的环境中难以添加用于检错和/或纠错的显著开销。仍然需要用在带内信令数据通信系统中的高效前向纠错方法。
发明内容
下面是对本发明的概述，以提供对本发明的一些方面的基本理解。这一概述不意在确定本发明的核心/关键要素或圈定本发明的范围。它的唯一目的在于以简洁的形式呈现本发明的一些构思，作为下面体现的更详细说明的前序。
在一个实施例中，移动设备将一个有效负荷(payload)分段以传输至远程服务器，并向每个有效负荷段提供冗余数据。该远程服务器使用该冗余数据在每段基础上(on a per segment basis)检查所接收的有效负荷，以识别与错误关联的段。然后该服务器使用与该移动设备的一次或多次交换来为已识别的段请求纠错位。此后，该服务器可以使用所接收的纠错位来执行纠错，然后如果需要则请求重新传输该有效负荷。本发明的另外一些方面和优点将在下文对优选实施方案的详细说明中变得明了，对优选实施方案的说明参照附图进行。
附图说明
图1是例示了典型的用于无线语音呼叫的话路的简化方框图。
图2是带有嵌入式移动电话模块的示例性车载系统(IVS)的简化方框图。
图3例示了为带内信令交换使用高效纠错方案的系统的一个实施例。
图4是例示了图3中所示的移动设备的工作的流程图。
图5是例示了图3中所示的移动设备的工作的流程图。
具体实施方式
图3例示了为带内信令交换使用高效纠错方案的系统的一个实施例。
系统100包括移动设备1，其被配置为在与服务器2相连的语音频带连接上执行高效纠错方案。软件8B使用附接至有效负荷的纠错位13和15在每段基础上识别该有效负荷中何处很可能需要额外纠错位来纠错。然后软件8B从软件8A为已识别的段请求17附加纠错开销(additional error correction overhead)18在该语音频带连接上的后续传输(subsequentt ransmission)。这些后续传输是在执行重新传输之前发送的，“重新传输”这个术语通常用于指与重新传输纠错位对应的有效负荷数据。
这一纠错方案允许管理员或设计者在设置纠错开销的默认值时对IBS调制解调器5之间的下层网络(underlying network)做出大胆假定，而不对移动设备1和服务器2之间的通信的根本可靠性进行折衷。这在与带内信令结合时——其中下层无线网络(其为带内信令提供几乎无处不在的覆盖)使用以不同方式处理信号的各种各样的声码器(及其他信号处理部件)——尤其有用。
为了更好地理解这一纠错方案为何在与带内信令结合时尤其有用，考虑管理员或设计者在设置配合带内信令背景中有效负荷初始传输的纠错开销默认量时做出的常规设计代价(tradeoff)。由于管理员或设计者预先并不知道在IBS调制解调器5之间可以工作的所有声码器组合，所以管理员或设计者可以使用保守的默认设置，即高的纠错开销，以在大多数情形中提供可靠性。然而，高的纠错开销作为默认的代价在于，这一高开销将消耗语音频带中的相对小的可用带宽的显著部分，增加了呼叫反应时间(latency)，这在许多情形中可以是不需要的。结果，管理员或设计者选择的纠错默认量最终是在可靠性、反应时间和可用带宽之间的不合意折衷(compromise)。
重新传输方案，例如重新传输有效负荷的方案，可以部分地解决这一问题；但是，如果过度依赖这些方案，则会利用语音频带中的相对小的可用带宽的太多(通过恒常地重新传输有效负荷)。其他现有的重新传输方案会消耗相对窄的语音频带的带宽的太多。
相对比，系统100中的纠错方案允许管理员或设计者默认利用相对低的纠错开销，同时仍在大多数情形中提供可靠性。这是因为，软件8A被配置为将该包的有效负荷分段(即，该包具有报头11、冗余数据13/15/16以及该冗余数据对应的有效负荷数据12/14)，并且软件8B被配置为在每段基础上请求额外纠错来校正所接收/所解调的位。考虑一个具体情形，在这一初始传输的开销不够的情况下，可以使用后续传输专门请求额外纠错位。
与重新传输(例如，对应于纠错位的有效负荷数据的重新传输)相比，这些后续传输可以消耗相对小量的带宽。当然，即使在这些后续传输大的情况下，与重新传输有效负荷数据相比，这样的纠错方案为了解决传输错误通常在每位基础上(on a per-bit-basis)更有效地使用带宽。如下面将更详细地说明的，如果根据所附的检错位16对整个包的分析检测到在软件8A和8B之间的交换之后仍遗留错误，则可以执行有效负荷数据12/14的重新传输。无论如何，如果系统100在传输额外纠错位18之后确实使用了重新传输，则应明了，由于请求/响应17/18，这样的重新传输在系统100中，与利用相同默认量的纠错位的常规系统相比，将不那么频繁地被需要。
上述的服务器2在与移动设备1的电信网络通信的互联网协议(IP)网络中工作。在另一些实施例中，服务器2可以在任何与移动设备1的电信网络通信的网络中工作。该移动设备可以是能够与无线电信网络通信的车载系统(IVS)或任何其他类型的移动设备的一部分。
应明了，上述的原理可以用在带内信令系统以外的其他环境中。例如，上述的原理在任何带宽有限的环境中尤其有用。
图4是例示了图3中所示的移动设备的工作的流程图。
参照图3和图4，在方框401中，移动设备1将一个包含非语音数据的有效负荷分段成片段(fragments)。在一个实施例中，该有效负荷包含200或300字节的数据，其被划分为较小的段，例如每段10或12字节，总共近似20个有效负荷段。
在方框402中，移动设备1计算检错位，例如循环冗余校验(CRC)位，并将这样的检错位附接至该有效负荷的末端。在方框403中，移动设备1计算纠错位，例如前向纠错(FEC)位，并将对应于每个段的这样的纠错位附接至这些段中的相应一个。应理解，所述纠错位不必然需要如图3中所示和如图4中所述那样附接至其相应的段，只要存在一种机制使接收机将所述纠错位与相应的段关联起来即可。在方框404中，移动设备1将一个报头(header)附接至该有效负荷，形成一个包。应理解，进程401-404可以以任何顺序出现。
在方框405中，移动设备1使用其IBS调制解调器将组装好的包调制成带内音频信号。在方框406中，移动设备1传输已调制的信号。
在方框407中，移动设备1确定其是否已经接收回(receive back)对应于一个或多个有效负荷段的任何对额外纠错位的请求。如果移动设备1已经接收回这样的请求，则在方框408中，移动设备1为所述请求识别的段调制并传输额外纠错位。这些传输仅包括冗余数据，例如额外纠错位，而非该有效负荷本身。通常，这些额外纠错位仅对应于有效负荷的一选定子集(由该服务器基于对原始传输中的纠错位的分析而选定)。
在服务器2向移动设备1识别段(或反过来)的任何情形中，这样的识别可以以任何方式进行，例如使用在有效负荷原始分段时分配给这些段的序列号。
在方框409中，移动设备1确定是否需要重新传输。这通常包括，确定是否接收到重新传输所述包的一部分或全部的请求(这一请求由该服务器产生，并且参照图5更详细地说明)。如果该重新传输仅针对所述包的一部分，则可以通过识别相应的段来指出这样的部分，如上文所述。
图5是例示了图3中所示的服务器的工作的流程图。
参照图3和图5，在方框501中，服务器2接收音调并使用IBS调制解调器将其解调成具有多个带有对应纠错位的有效负荷段的数据。所述有效负荷段对应于具有一个报头和一个有效负荷的相同包，并且通常这个包还附带检错位。
在方框502中，服务器2在每段基础上分析纠错位。这包括使用对应于一个段的纠错位来检查该段，以确定是否可以进行纠错。
对于FEC和其他纠错方案，位校正不必然表明所有错误都已被校正。通常，进行越多的位校正，该段即使在位校正以后仍将包含未校正错误的可能性就越大；因此，可以为那些达到纠错的阈值量的段请求额外纠错位(在一些实施例中，该阈值可以是任何纠错)。该阈值可以在工作期间根据使用检错位(诸如CRC位)的后续检错是否表明错误来进行调整。例如，如果先前的检错分析导致有效负荷段的太多重新传输，则可能需要减小该阈值。可以根据如下因素设置该阈值：每段纠错的数目、段中的已纠错位相对于该段中总位的百分比、考虑到已校正位彼此相邻的位置或者相对于段尾的位置的方案等。
在菱形503中，如果识别出任何段要求超过阈值量的纠错，则在方框504中，服务器2为已识别的有效负荷段请求额外纠错。在方框505中，服务器2使用IBS调制解调器来解调带内音频信号。在方框506中，服务器2根据额外纠错位校正已识别的有效负荷段。
应理解，在继续去往方框507之前，方框504-506可以被重复任何次。例如，服务器2可以使用额外纠错位重新检查已识别的段。根据这个重新检查，服务器2可以为这些已识别的段中的任何段请求再一些纠错位。在一个实施例中，为那些在重新检查期间比在先前检查期间与更多错误关联的段请求再一些纠错位，这表明所述再一些纠错位可以产生更多的校正。这一处理可以持续重复，直到最新接收的纠错位相对于先前的纠错没有产生额外错误。
在方框507中，服务器2使用原始传输中包括的检错位对整个有效负荷执行检错。在方框508中，服务器2确定是否需要重新传输。应理解，推迟有效负荷数据的任何重新传输直到完成上述的交换，可以保留带宽，因为在完成上述的交换之后，常常将不需要这样的重新传输。
方框508通常涉及服务器2使用初始传输的纠错位和后续传输的纠错位(无论这些后续传输是单个后续传输还是一系列后续传输)对所有所接收的段执行纠错。在使用初始传输的纠错位和后续传输的纠错位执行纠错之后，服务器2使用来自初始传输的检错位对整个有效负荷执行检错。如果对整个有效负荷的检错表明存在错误，则服务器2可以产生一个请求，请求移动设备1重新传输所述有效负荷的一部分或全部。如果请求了重新传输，则服务器2可以采用“时间分集(timediversity)”，这在2006年5月26日提交的共同转让的申请No.11/442,705中被更详细地解释，该申请通过此引用纳入本文。
在参照图3-5描述的实施例中，发射机方在传输之前将一个有效负荷分段，这允许在每段基础上请求冗余数据。在一些实施例中，每包有效负荷(per-packet payload)小到使得上述的分段提供较少优势。在这样的情况下，发射机方可以不执行分段，且接收机方可以在每有效负荷基础上(on a per-payload basis)请求冗余数据。或者，如果在这样的情况下仍使用分段算法，则可以将小的有效负荷制作得不大于段尺寸，使得分段导致每个有效负荷具有单个段。该单个段仍与标识符关联，且接收机方可以仍使用这样的标识符在每段基础上请求冗余数据。
在参照图3-5描述的实施例中，初始传输包括与每个段关联的纠错位和针对整个有效负荷的检错位。在其他一些实施例中，除了针对每个段的纠错位以外，或者代替针对每个段的纠错位，可以有与每个段关联的分立检错位。后续传输在每段基础上提供纠错位。
术语“纠错位”指的是可以用于校正在有效负荷传输期间出现的错误的任何类型的冗余数据。示例的非穷举列举包括：FEC、RS纠错(Reed-Solomon error correction)等。应理解，在菱形503中，与每个段关联的纠错位基于纠错的阈值量来执行检错功能。术语“检错位”指的是用于检测在有效负荷传输期间出现的错误的任何类型的冗余数据。示例类型的检错方案的非穷举列举包括：奇偶方案、校验和方案、循环冗余校验等。许多类型的冗余数据可以兼用于纠错和检错。
应理解，在任一上述实施例中，可以存在一系列每段纠错位请求。例如，第一请求或第一组请求可以用于针对所述段的一子集获得纠错位。可以使用所请求的纠错位重复进行错误识别，且如果需要则可以发送第二请求或第二组请求来请求额外纠错位。所述第二请求或第二组请求可以针对所述段的同一子集或缩小的子集。
纠错位的量可以在每个相继的(successive)请求/响应交换时增加(每段)。在这样的实施例中，所述系统逐渐增加经由带内调制解调器传输的开销位(overhead bits)的数目，使得当环境和系统特征允许相对无错误接收时，开销被最小化。另一方面，在需要时，开销位将“按比例增加(scale up)”，以满足更有挑战(容易出错)的环境的需要。以此方式，可以更高效地使用有限的带宽。
而且，在上述实施例中，请求/响应交换仅针对所述包的已识别的段提供冗余数据。在其他一些实施例中，请求/响应交换还可以随着所请求的冗余数据重新传输该段本身，且使用所请求的冗余数据的纠错可以应用于重新传输的段。应明了，尽管这个实施例在许多情况下比上述实施例消耗更多带宽，但与重新传输整个包通信的传统的重新传输方案相比仍实现了带宽节省。
在任何上述实施例中，如果使用相继的请求/响应交换，则可以存在任何数目的请求/响应交换。服务器可以发送所需数目的请求来校正错误，或者服务器可以执行多达固定数目的请求/响应交换，然后如果仍有未校正错误则退回到重新传输有效负荷。或者，服务器可以执行所需数量的请求/响应交换直到预限定的时间段结束，然后如果仍有未校正错误则退回到重新传输有效负荷。
本领域技术人员应明了，在不违背本发明的基本原理的前提下，可以对上述实施方案的细节做出许多改变。因此，本发明的范围应仅由下列权利要求确定。
上述的大多数设备包括硬件和关联软件。例如，典型的移动设备或服务器很可能包括一个或多个处理器以及在这些处理器上可执行以实现上述操作的软件。在本文中，我们以普遍理解的含义来使用术语“软件”，指的是机器或处理器可用的程序(programs)或例程(routines)(子例程、对象、插件等)以及数据。众所周知，计算机程序通常包括存储在机器可读或计算机可读储存介质中的指令。本发明的一些实施方案可以包括存储在机器可读或计算机可读储存介质(诸如数字存储器)中的可执行程序或指令。我们并不暗示，在任何具体实施方案中都要求常规含义的“计算机”。例如，在设备(诸如本文描述的部件)中可以使用各种嵌入式的或其他类型的处理器。
用于存储软件的存储器也是众所周知的。在一些实施方案中，与给定处理器关联的存储器可以与处理器安置在同一物理设备中(“机载”存储器)；例如，布置在集成电路微处理器或类似物内的RAM或FLASH存储器。在其他实施例中，存储器包括独立设备，诸如外部盘驱动器、存储阵列或便携式闪存钥匙链。在这样的情况下，当存储器和数字处理器被操作性地联结在一起或彼此通信(例如通过I/O端口、网络连接等)时，该存储器变得与该数字处理器“关联”，使得该处理器可以读取存储在该存储器上的文件。关联存储器可以是被设计为“只读的”(ROM)，或是依靠许可设置为“只读的”，或不是只读的。其他实例包括但不限于WORM、EPROM、EEPROM、FLASH等。这些技术常常以固态半导体器件实现。其他存储器可以包括运动件，诸如常规的旋转盘驱动器。所有这样的存储器都是“机器可读的”或“计算机可读的”，且可以用于存储可执行指令以执行本文描述的功能。
“软件产品”指的是如下的存储设备：其中一系列可执行指令被以机器可读形式存储，使得对该软件产品具有适当访问的合适机器或处理器可以执行所述指令以做出所述指令实现的处理。软件产品有时用于发布软件。任何类型的机器可读存储器，包括但不限于上面总结的，可以用于制作软件产品。也已知的是，软件可以经由电子传输(“下载”)发布，在该情况下通常在该传输的传输端或接收端或这两端将存在对应的软件产品。
既然已经在优选实施方案中描述和例示了本发明的原理，那么应明了，在不违背这些原理的前提下，可以在装置和细节方面对本发明做出修改。我们请求保护落在下列权利要求的精神和范围内的所有改型和变体。

Claims (12)

1.一种纠错方法，包括：
接收音调并将其解调成一个包，所述包具有一个报头和一个有效负荷以及关于所述包的信息，其中所述有效负荷包括多个段，每个段具有对应的冗余数据，所述冗余数据包括检错位和纠错位中至少之一；并且，其中所述信息为每个所述段规定一个不同的序列号或其它标识符；
使用对应的冗余数据对所述段进行检查，并选择所述段中与错误关联的段；
产生并发送为所述段中已选择的段请求纠错位的请求，所述请求通过根据映射规定相应的序列号或标识符识别所述段中已选择的段；
接收后续接收的音调，并将其解调成所请求的纠错位；以及
使用后续接收的纠错位来校正所述包的所述有效负荷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
使用对应的后续接收的纠错位来对已识别的段执行位校正，以识别与关联错误增加对应的段；以及
产生并发送为具有关联错误增加的已识别的段请求再一些纠错位的请求。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，还包括：
使用最近接收的纠错位以及对其进行响应的产生和发送来重复段校正，直到当前校正表明相对于先前校正没有新的错误；以及
使用随所述包接收到的检错位来检查所述重复的结果，以确定是否还遗留未校正的错误。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
当发现错误时，推迟对重新传输与所述纠错位对应的内容的任何请求，直到接收到对额外纠错位的一系列请求的响应。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中所接收的一系列响应为所述段中的一个具体段提供了逐渐增加量的纠错信息。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述纠错位包括前向纠错(FEC)信息。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，还包括：
使用所接收和所解调的包中包括的检错位来检查已校正的有效负荷，以确定是否还遗留未校正的错误；以及
如果使用所述检错位的检查表明还遗留未校正的错误，则请求重新传输所述有效负荷。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中所述检错位包括循环冗余校验(CRC)信息。
9.一种纠错方法，包括：
将一个包有效负荷分段，其包括为每个段分配产生自将所述包有效负荷分段的一个序列号或其它标识符；
产生对应于每个所述段的冗余数据；
使用带内信令(IBS)调制解调器来调制包含段数据和所产生的冗余数据及将所产生的序列号或其它标识符映射到其关联段的信息的一个包，并将由此形成的信号在无线电信网络的语音频带上传输；
接收回一个响应，该响应为已选择的段请求纠错位，所述请求根据所述信息使用分配的序列号或其它标识符中的相应序列号或标识符识别所述已选择的段；以及
为在所述请求中识别的段调制纠错位，并将由此形成的信号在所述无线电信网络的所述语音频带上传输。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，还包括：
在传输由纠错位的调制形成的信号之后，接收回另一响应，该另一响应为后续识别的段请求额外纠错位；以及
为所述后续识别的段调制所述额外纠错位，并将由此形成的信号在所述无线电信网络的所述语音频带上传输。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中对应于所述段的额外纠错位比对应于所述段的纠错位包括更多信息。
12.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述请求使用所述序列号或标识符来识别所述段的部分。
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