CN101899195B - 坝料组合物及多层半导体装置的制造方法 - Google Patents
坝料组合物及多层半导体装置的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种坝料组合物等,所述坝料组合物具有如下特点:在密封具有通过FC安装、TSV连接等制造的多层结构的半导体芯片时,可以在基板上按照较高的高径比成型和涂布,不会有底部填充剂从基板中溢出可以完全填充到元件之间等的缝隙间,并且可以形成相对于底部填充剂粘合力较高,且强韧的固化物。所述多层半导体装置用底部填充剂的坝料组合物包括下述组分:(A)环氧树脂:100质量份,(B)固化剂:1~50质量份,(C)平均粒径为0.1~10μm,且最大粒径在75μm以下的无机填充剂:30~1000质量份,(D)平均粒径在0.005μm以上且小于0.1μm、且表面经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅:1~20质量份。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种坝料组合物(dam material)和使用所述坝料组合物的多层半导体装置的制造方法,所述坝料组合物是在密封具有通过FC(Flip chip:倒装片)安装、TSV(Through Silicon Via:硅贯通电极)连接等制造的多层结构的半导体芯片时,利用毛细管现象使底部填充剂(under fill material)完全填充(侵入)到元件之间等的缝隙中的坝料组合物,更为详细地,本发明涉及如下坝料组合物及使用该坝料组合物的多层半导体装置的制造方法,通过使所述坝料组合物中含有特定的2种无机填充剂,上述坝料组合物可以在电路基板上以高的高径比进行成型和涂布(成型塗布),在密封叠层有3层以上的上述半导体芯片时,底部填充剂不会从电路基板中溢出可以完全填充到元件之间,并且可以形成相对于底部填充剂粘合力高,且强韧的固化物。
背景技术
近年来,伴随着电气设备的小型化,轻质化、高性能化,对于提高印刷电路板上的电子部件的安装密度提出了要求,半导体的安装方法也从插入(pin insertion ピン挿入)型转变为主流的表面安装型。
其中,就倒装片安装而言有如下方式:在电路基板的布线图案面上,通过多个凸块(bump)对半导体芯片进行群焊(gang bonding)的方式,在上述有机基板和半导体芯片的缝隙间以及焊锡凸块之间的间隙填充底部填充剂并使其固化,从而完成倒装片的安装。作为采用这种安装方式的装置,已有关于在形成有多层布线的中介层(interposer)上,倒焊半导体芯片,安装倒转片的报告(专利文献1:日本特开2007-42904号公报)。
进一步,作为替代现有的引线接合的衔接技术,还出现了采用TSV结构的多层半导体装置,无铅凸块部件也转变为铜凸块。
对于在上述这样的多层半导体装置中使用的底部填充剂而言,使用分散器(dispenser),利用毛细管现象将其注入电路基板和半导体芯片的缝隙间等,但伴随着半导体芯片层的多层化,其角焊缝(fillet)变大,特别是由于分散器侧的角焊缝变大,会导致从电路基板中溢出底部填充剂,当叠层半导体芯片为引线接合型时,会产生向底座(パツト)渗入底部填充剂这样的问题。
在此,为了避免这样的问题,在基板上设置有坝料组合物从而防止该底部填充剂的扩散,但现有的坝料,不仅相对于底部填充剂的粘接力较差,而且在回流焊、温度循环中,会在坝料和底部填充剂的界面上发生剥离,甚至于会导致使包封件产生裂缝,破坏半导体元件周围部分这样的问题。
现有技术文件
专利文献
专利文献1日本特开2007-42904号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的技术问题
鉴于以上情况,本发明的目的是提供一种坝料组合物以及提供使用该坝料组合物的多层半导体装置的制造方法,其中,所述坝料组合物在密封具有通过FC安装、TSV连接等制造的多层结构的半导体芯片时,其可以在电路基板上以高的高径比成型和涂布,不会有底部填充剂从电路基板中溢出,可以完全填充(侵入)到元件之间等的缝隙中,并且可以形成相对于底部填充剂的贴合力高、且强韧的固化物。
解决问题的方法
本发明人等为了实现上述目的进行了深入的研究,结果发现:包含下述组分的多层半导体装置用底部填充剂的坝料组合物,在密封具有通过FC安装、TSV连接等制造的多层结构的半导体芯片时,可以在电路基板上以高的高径比成型和涂布,不会有底部填充剂从电路基板中溢出,可以完全填充到元件之间等的缝隙中,并且可以形成相对于底部填充剂贴合力高、且强韧的固化物,同时本发明人等还发现:使用该坝料组合物的多层半导体装置的制造方法是很有用的,从而完成了本发明,其中,上述组分为:(A)环氧树脂:100质量份;(B)固化剂:1~50质量份;(C)平均粒径为0.1~10μm,且最大粒径在75μm以下的无机填充剂:30~1000质量份;(D)平均粒径在0.005μm以上且小于0.1μm、且表面经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅:1~20质量份。
即,本发明提供下述实施方式1~5的多层半导体装置用底部填充剂的坝料组合物、以及使用该坝料组合物的下述实施方式6~7的多层半导体装置的制造方法。
实施方式1:
一种多层半导体装置用底部填充剂的坝料组合物,其含有以下成分:
(A)环氧树脂: 100质量份;
(B)固化剂: 1~50质量份;
(C)平均粒径为0.1~10μm,且最大粒径在75μm 以下的无机填充剂:
30~1000质量份;
(D)平均粒径在0.005μm以上且小于0.1μm、且表面经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅: 1~20质量份。
实施方式2:
实施方式1所述的坝料组合物,其中,所述成分(C)无机填充剂为球状二氧化硅。
实施方式3:
实施方式1或2所述的坝料组合物,其中,所述成分(A)包含选自双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂和下述环氧树脂中的至少一种,
[化学式1]
式中,R为碳原子数1~20的一价烃基,n为1~4的整数。
实施方式4:
实施方式1~3中任一种所述的坝料组合物,其中,所述成分(A)包含聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂。
实施方式5:
实施方式1~4中任一种所述的坝料组合物,其中,所述成分(B)包含选自下述式(1)、(2)、(3)和(4)表示的固化剂中的至少一种固化剂,
[化学式2]
式中,R1~R4彼此独立地表示选自碳原子数1~6的一价烃基、CH3S-和C2H5S-的基团。
实施方式6:
一种多层半导体装置的制造方法,其包括:在电路基板上装载多层半导体芯片;并在所述电路基板上的多层半导体芯片的周围成型和涂布实施方式1~5中任一项所述的坝料组合物;从所述多层半导体芯片和坝料组合物之间,向所述电路基板和多层半导体芯片的缝隙间以及多层半导体芯片的层间填充底部填充剂组合物;使所述坝料组合物和底部填充剂组合物两者均固化。
实施方式7:
实施方式6所述的多层半导体装置的制造方法,其中,所述多层半导体装置为FC(Flip Chip:倒装片)型半导体装置或者TSV(Through Silicon Via:硅贯通电极)型半导体装置。
发明效果
根据本发明可以提供一种坝料组合物以及使用该坝料组合物的多层半导体装置的制造方法,其中,所述坝料组合物具有以下特点:在密封具有通过FC安装、TSV连接等制造的多层结构的半导体芯片时,可以在电路基板上以高的高径比进行成型和涂布,不会有底部填充剂从电路基板中溢出可以完全填充到元件之间等的缝隙中,并且可以形成相对于底部填充剂贴合力高、且强韧的固化物。
附图说明
图1为用于说明坝料组合物的形状维持性能的概略截面图。
图2为用于说明多层半导体装置的制造的一个实例的概略截面图。
符号说明
1,4 坝料组合物(或者其固化物)
2 玻璃板
3 多层半导体装置
5 底部填充剂组合物
6 多层半导体芯片
7 凸块
8 电路基板(BT基板)
9 分散器
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明进行更为详细地说明。
就本发明的液状环氧树脂组合物而言,其含有环氧树脂、固化剂、和2种无机填充剂作为必需成分。
(A)环氧树脂
作为成分(A)环氧树脂,可以列举出:双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂等双酚型环氧树脂、苯酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、甲酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂等酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、萘型环氧树脂、联苯型环氧树脂、环戊二烯型环氧树脂等、以及这些树脂的混合物。
在上述这些树脂中,优选双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂。
还优选使用下述环氧树脂。
[化学式3]
其中,R为碳原子数1~20,优选为1~10,更优选为1~3的一价烃基,可以列举出例如,甲基、乙基、丙基等烷基、乙烯基、烯丙基等链烯基等。另外,n为1~4的整数,优选为1或2。
优选上述环氧树脂由聚苯乙烯换算的重均分子量为200~500,环氧当量为90~200g/摩尔。
需要说明的是,在使用这样的环氧树脂的情况下,其含量为全部环氧树脂的25~100质量%,更优选为全部环氧树脂的50~100质量%,尤其优选为75~100质量%。低于25质量%时,可能会导致组合物的粘度升高、固化物的耐热性降低。可以列举日本化药社制造的MRGE等作为上述这样的环氧树脂的实例。
另外,优选本发明使用的环氧树脂包含聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂。
作为这样的聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂,优选包含共聚物的聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂,所述共聚物由下述加成反应获得:具有含有链烯基的环氧树脂、或含有链烯基的酚醛树脂的环氧树脂的链烯基与由下述平均组成式(5)表示的有机聚硅氧烷的SiH基之间的加成反应,
HaR5 bSiO(4-a-b) (5)
其中,式中R5为取代或未取代一价烃基,a为0.01~0.1,b为1.8~2.2,1.81≤a+b≤2.3,所述平均组成式(5)所表示的聚有机硅氧烷一个分子中的硅原子数为20~400个,且与硅原子直接键合的氢原子(SiH基)的数量为1~5个,优选为2~4个,特别优选为2个。
作为上述一价烃基,优选碳原子数为1~10,特别优选碳原子数为1~8的烃基,可以列举出:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、己基、辛基、癸基等烷基,乙烯基、烯丙基(allyl)、丙烯基(propenyl)、丁烯基、己烯基等链烯基,苯基、二甲苯基、甲苯基等芳基,苄基、苯基乙基、苯基丙基等芳烷基等,这些烃基的部分或者全部氢原子被氯原子、氟原子、溴原子等卤素原子取代而形成的氯甲基、溴乙基、三氟丙基等卤素取代的一价烃基。
优选具有由下式(6)表示结构的化合物作为这样的聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂。
[化学式4]
上式中,R6与上述R5相同,R7为-CH2CH2CH2-、-OCH2-CH(OH)-CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2-、或者-O-CH2CH2CH2-,R8分别独立地为氢原子或者碳原子数1~4的烷基。n为4~199的整数,优选为19~109的整数,p为1~10的整数,q为1~10的整数。
上述聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂由聚苯乙烯换算的重均分子量为1000~7000,环氧当量为300~700g/摩尔。
在混合使用这样的聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂的情况下,相对于100质量份成分(A)全部的环氧树脂,优选通过混合使其中含有的聚有机硅氧烷单元量为1~20质量份,特别优选为2~15质量份,由此,可以降低固化物的应力,提高与基板之间的贴合性。
这里,有机聚硅氧烷的量由下式表示。
有机聚硅氧烷的量=(有机聚硅氧烷部分的分子量/聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂的分子量)×聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂的混合量。
(B)固化剂
作为成分(B)环氧树脂的固化剂,可以使用胺类、聚硫醇类、咪唑类、和双氰胺等,优选使用胺类固化剂。需要说明的是,根据需要也可以使用酸酐类固化剂。
优选下述通式(1)~(4)表示的至少一种芳香族胺化合物作为胺类固化剂。
[化学式5]
式中,R1~R4彼此独立地表示选自碳原子数1~6的一价烃基、CH3S-和C2H5S-的基团。
作为上述R1~R4的一价烃基,优选碳原子数1~6,特别优选碳原子数1~3的烃基,可以例举出:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、己基等烷基,乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯基、丁烯基、己烯基等链烯基,苯基等,这些烃基的部分或者全部氢原子被氯原子、氟原子、溴原子等卤素原子取代而形成的氯甲基、溴乙基、三氟丙基等卤素取代的一价烃基。
芳香族胺类固化剂通常在常温下为固体,如果直接进行混合将导致树脂粘度升高,操作性显著恶化,因此优选在不会与环氧树脂发生反应的温度条件下,进行熔融混合。即,要求按照后述的混合量,在70~150℃的温度范围内,使该固化剂与环氧树脂熔融混合1~2小时。如果混合温度低于70℃,可能会导致芳香族胺类固化剂难以充分地相容,如果温度高于150℃,则可能会使该固化剂与环氧树脂发生反应而导致粘度升高。另外,如果混合时间少于1个小时,则该芳香族胺类固化剂可能无法充分地相容,从而可能导致粘度升高,如果超过2个小时,则该固化剂可能会与环氧树脂反应,从而可能导致粘度升高。
相对于100质量份的成分(A)环氧树脂,当使用聚硫醇类和咪唑类时,固化剂的混合量优选为1~50质量份,当使用胺类时,固化剂的混合量优选为10~50质量份。如果混合量低于上述下限值,则固化性可能会降低,如果高于上述上限值,则可能会导致保存性的降低。
(C)平均粒径为0.1~10μm,且最大粒径在75μm以下的无机填充剂
可以使用公知的各种无机填充剂作为成分(C)无机填充剂。可以列举出例如,熔融二氧化硅、结晶二氧化硅、氧化铝、氮化硼、氮化铝、氮化硅、氧化镁、硅酸镁、铝等。
其中,球状熔融二氧化硅由于可以降低组合物的粘度,故优选使用。
就上述这些无机填充剂而言,为了提高其与树脂之间的粘结强度,优选混合使用预先经硅烷偶合剂、钛酸酯偶合剂等偶合剂表面处理后的无机填充剂。
可以使用如下硅烷偶合剂作为偶合剂:γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-环氧丙氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、β-(3,4-环氧基环己基)乙基三甲氧基硅烷等环氧硅烷,N-β(氨基乙基)-γ-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-苯基-γ-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷等氨基硅烷等。
在此,表面处理中使用的偶合剂的混合量和表面处理的方法,可以使用与对后述成分(D)进行处理时同样的方法。
就上述这样的无机填充剂而言,优选平均粒径为0.1~10μm,且最大粒径在75μm以下的无机填充剂,特别优选平均粒径为2~10μm,且最大粒径在50μm以下的无机填充剂。如果平均粒径低于0.1μm,则组合物粘度升高,有时会导致无法与组合物适当地进行混合,如果平均粒径大于10μm、最大粒径超过75μm,则有时会导致在固化物中产生空隙。
在此,可以通过激光衍射法等计算平均粒径(重量平均值或者中值径d50)和最大粒径。
相对于100质量份的成分(A)环氧树脂,无机质填充剂的混合量为30~1000质量份,优选为40~400质量份,更优选为50~300质量份。如果混合量低于30质量份,则固化物的膨胀系数较大,会诱发裂缝的产生,如果高于1000质量份,则组合物的粘度将变得过高。
(D)平均粒径在0.005μm以上且小于0.1μm、且表面经甲硅烷基化处理
的二氧化硅
成分(D)经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅,与上述成分(C)无机填充剂一起,可以减小组合物固化后的固化物的膨胀系数,并且提高弹性率。
如上所述,之所以使用粒径分布不同的成分(C)和(D),并进一步对成分(D)的表面进行甲硅烷基化处理,是为了利用氢键的凝聚力,从而赋予环氧树脂组合物触变性。
这样经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅的平均粒径为0.005μm以上且小于0.1μm,优选为0.008μm以上且在0.08μm以下。如果平均粒径小于0.005μm,则组合物的粘度升高,可能会使操作性显著恶化,如果高于0.1μm,则组合物可能与基板上的元件相接触,或者从散热装置的端部溢出。
在此,可以通过动态光散射法/激光捕获(laser trap)法等测定平均粒径。
优选使用例如,Aerosil 130、Aerosil 200、Aerosil 300(商品名,日本Aerosil公司制造)等气相二氧化硅(fumed silica),Nipsil VN-3-LP(商品名,日本二氧化硅工业公司制造)等湿式二氧化硅作为这样经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅。
一般来说,可以使用例如CH3Si(OCH3)3、(CH3)3SiOCH3、PhSi(OCH3)3、PhSiCH3(OCH3)2、{(CH3)3Si}2NH、CH3CH2Si(OCH3)3等(需要说明的是,上述“Ph”表示苯基)的甲硅烷基化试剂来进行甲硅烷基化处理。
另外,就获得上述这样经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅的方法而言,可以预先使用上述甲硅烷基化试剂处理二氧化硅,另外,也可以在配制坝料组合物时添加、混合上述甲硅烷基化试剂,通过整体混和法处理来获得。从抑制甲硅烷基化试剂的使用量这一观点来看,优选使用前一种方法。
相对于100质量份的成分(A)环氧树脂,经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅的混合量为1~20质量份,优选为3~15质量份。如果混合量低于1质量份,则难以抑制底部填充剂的溢出,如果超过20质量份,则由于粘度升高的过高,会使环氧树脂组合物的流动性降低,可能会导致实际上难以获得液态的环氧树脂组合物。
其他成分(添加剂)
为了降低固化物的应力,除上述成分(A)~(D)之外,还可以以不损害本发明目的的量,向坝料组合物中适当混合聚硅氧烷橡胶、硅油、液态聚丁二烯橡胶、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯等可弯曲性树脂、固化促进剂、硅烷偶合剂、炭黑等颜料、染料、抗氧化剂等。
坝料组合物的配制方法
就坝料组合物而言,根据需要同时或者分别对上述成分(A)~(D)和所需的上述其他成分进行加热处理,同时进行搅拌、溶解、混合以及分散。
对于在上述这些操作中使用的装置没有特别的限制,但可以使用具备搅拌、加热装置的擂溃机、三辊磨(Triple Mill)、球磨机、行星式搅拌机等。另外,也可以适当地组合使用这些装置。
通过上述方法得到的坝料组合物,优选通过调整使其在25℃时具有的粘度为1~500Pa·s,特别优选为1~150Pa·s。
多层半导体装置的制造方法
如图2所示,在电路基板8上装载多层半导体芯片6(图2中为6层),并在上述电路基板8上的多层半导体芯片6的周围成型和涂布坝料组合物4,从上述多层半导体芯片6和坝料组合物4之间,通过分散器9,向上述基板8和多层半导体芯片6的缝隙间以及多层半导体芯片6的层间填充底部填充剂组合物材料5,并使上述坝料组合物4和底部填充剂组合物5两者均固化。
在此,例如可以使用含有环氧树脂和胺固化剂以及二氧化硅作为成分且在25℃时的粘度为10~50Pa·s左右的组合物作为底部填充剂组合物5。另外,就用于喷射底部填充剂组合物5的分散器9而言,可以使用例如Asymtek公司制造的分散器等精密分散器。
就坝料组合物4和底部填充剂组合物5的固化条件而言,优选最初在100~120℃,烘烤固化(オ一ブンキユア)0.5小时以上,接下来在150~175℃,烘烤固化2小时以上。在100~120℃的条件下,如果加热时间少于0.5小时,则固化后有时会产生空隙。另外,在150~175℃的条件下,如果加热时间少于2小时,则有时会无法得到充分的固化物特性。
另外,对于坝料组合物4在多层半导体芯片6的周围成型和涂布的位置和形状,没有特别的限定,但优选在距多层半导体芯片6的边缘50μm~5mm,特别优选100μm~2mm的位置上成型和涂布,成型和涂布形成的宽度优选为10μm~1mm,特别优选为50μm~0.8mm,高度优选为50μm~2mm,特别优选为100μm~1mm。
成型和涂布上述坝料组合物时可以使用与用于喷出上述底部填充剂组合物5的分散器9相同的精密分散器,特别优选使用Asymtek公司制造的喷射型分散器(jet dispenser)。
实施例
以下,基于实施例和比较例,对本发明进行具体说明,但本发明并不限于下述实施例。
[实施例1~4,比较例1,2]
参照表1,使用三辊磨将环氧树脂、固化剂、无机填充剂等进行均匀混炼,从而得到各种坝料树脂组合物。使用这样获得的各种坝料组合物进行各种评价。得到的结果也一并记入表1。
以下,示出使用的材料和评价方法。
[使用的材料]
(A)环氧树脂
·环氧树脂A1:双酚F型环氧树脂,环氧当量170g/摩尔(RE303S-L,日本化药株式会社制造)
·环氧树脂A2:下述式表示的三官能团型环氧树脂,环氧当量100g/摩尔(Epicote 630H,日本环氧树脂株式会社制造)
[化学式6]
·环氧树脂A3:下述聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂,环氧当量500g/摩尔,即化学式7和化学式8所示化合物的加成反应产物。
[化学式7]
[化学式8]
(B)固化剂
·固化剂B1:3,3’-二乙基-4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷(Kayahard AA,日本化药株式会社制造)
·固化剂B2:3,3’,5,5’-四乙基-4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷(C-300S,日本化药株式会社制造)
(C)平均粒径为0.1~10μm,且最大粒径在75μm以下的无机填充剂
·二氧化硅C:平均粒径为7μm,且最大粒径在53μm以下的球状二氧化硅(株式会社龙森制造)
(D)表面甲硅烷基化的二氧化硅
·二氧化硅D1:经{(CH3)3Si}2NH和CH3CH2Si(OCH3)3处理的平均粒径(d50)0.008μm的处理二氧化硅
·二氧化硅D2:经{(CH3)3Si}2NH和CH3CH2Si(OCH3)3处理的平均粒径(d50)0.01μm的处理二氧化硅
·二氧化硅D3:经{(CH3)3Si}2NH和CH3CH2Si(OCH3)3处理的平均粒径(d50)0.08μm的处理二氧化硅
·二氧化硅D4:经{(CH3)3Si}2NH、CH3CH2Si(OCH3)3处理的平均粒径(d50)0.12μm的处理二氧化硅
(E)其他成分
·硅烷偶合剂:γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KBM403,信越化学工业株式会社制造)
·反应性稀释剂:苯基缩水甘油醚(PGE,日本化药株式会社制造)
[评价方法]
固化物的高径比
将固化物的高度(h)和直径(d)之比(h/d)定义为高径比,并作为坝料组合物的形状维持性能的指标。
高径比的测定方法,如图1所示,在玻璃板2(厚度1mm)上放置0.1g坝料组合物1,5分钟后,在事先设定为120℃、图中未示出的加热板上,放置上述玻璃板2。在坝料组合物1固化后,进行冷却,测定该固化物1的高度(h)和直径(d),计算出高径比(h/d)。
需要说明的是,为了保证表面状态的稳定,使用事先用丙酮充分清洗的玻璃板2。
弯曲弹性率
在150℃,加热、固化坝料组合物3小时,制作10mm×100mm×4mm大小的试验片,并基于JIS-K-7161测定弯曲弹性率。
Tg,CTE-1和CTE-2
在150℃,加热、固化坝料组合物3小时,并将该固化物冷却至常温,随后切下5mm×5mm×15mm大小的试验片,通过TMA(热机械分析装置),在5℃/分钟的速度下升温,测定此时的玻璃化温度(Tg)、Tg以下的膨胀系数(CTE-1)和Tg以上的膨胀系数(CTE-2)。需要说明的是,在玻璃化温度测定的过程中,在20~50℃的温度范围内计算出CTE-1,在200~230℃的温度范围内计算出CTE-2。
底部填充剂的溢出
如下所述,制造多层半导体装置,并对有无底部填充剂的溢出进行评价。
(i)多层半导体装置的制作
如图2所示,使用10mm×10mm×0.25mm大小的硅片和20μm(直径)大小的球状树脂粒子隔离物(スペ一サ)制作6层的多层半导体芯片6,并装载于BT基板8上,并且在距该多层半导体芯片6的各边缘1mm的位置周围,以宽0.3mm、高0.3mm左右的大小成型和涂布坝料组合物4,进一步利用分散器9,从多层半导体芯片6和坝料组合物4之间,向多层半导体的层间填充底部填充剂组合物5,将上述坝料组合物4和底部填充剂组合物5在165℃的条件下,加热、固化2小时,从而制作得到多层半导体装置3。
需要说明的是,在此,使用含有环氧树脂和胺固化剂以及二氧化硅作为成分且在25℃时粘度为10Pa·s的组合物作为底部填充剂组合物5。
(ii)有无溢出的评价
在制作上述(i)多层半导体装置的过程中,对底部填充剂有无溢出进行评价。
粘接力
如下所述,制作评价用的样品,并对热冲击实验前后底部填充剂和坝料之间的粘接力进行了测定。
(i)评价用样品的制作
在BT基板上涂布坝料并使其厚度为0.5mm左右,在其上成型底部填充剂,其中,一边在底部填充剂的上述中央边设置钩(hook),一边使底部填充剂成型为下圆直径5mm、上圆直径2mm、高度为6.2mm大小的布丁型,并将该样品在165℃的温度下,加热、固化2小时,从而制作了评价用样品。
(ii)粘接力的评价
使用上述(i)的评价用样品,在初期,和基于JIS C0025、在-55~125℃、进行1000循环的热冲击试验后分别测定其粘接力。
需要说明的是,粘接力的测定是通过下述方法进行的:将评价用样品的BT基板固定在桌子上,用推拉力计(push pull gage)的钩抻拉设置在布丁型成型体上部的钩,测定此时的剪切强度。
表1
实施例1~4中,坝料组合物的形状维持特性(固化物的高径比)高,在多层半导体装置的制作过程中,没有出现底部填充剂从基板中溢出的情况,可以顺利地将底部填充剂填充到元件之间的缝隙间。另外,评价用样品在热冲击试验前后的粘接力也很强。
另一方面,就比较例2而言,由于坝料组合物的粘度高从而导致无法进行成型和涂布。另外,就比较例1而言,虽然评价用样品在热冲击试验前后粘接力本身较强,但坝料组合物的形状维持特性(固化物的高径比)较低,因此在多层半导体装置的制作过程中,会产生底部填充剂从基板中溢出的不良状况。
Claims (3)
1.一种多层半导体装置用底部填充剂的坝料组合物,其含有以下成分:
(A)环氧树脂: 100质量份;
(B)固化剂: 1~50质量份;
(C)平均粒径为0.1~10μm,且最大粒径在75μm 以下的无机填充剂:
30~1000质量份;
(D)平均粒径在0.005μm 以上且小于0.1μm、且表面经甲硅烷基化处理的二氧化硅: 1~20质量份,
其中,所述成分(C)无机填充剂为球状二氧化硅,
所述成分(A)包含选自双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂、下述环氧树脂和聚硅氧烷改性环氧树脂中的至少一种,
[化学式1]
式中,R为碳原子数1~20的一价烃基,n为1~4的整数,
所述成分(B)包含选自下述式(1)、(2)、(3)和(4)表示的固化剂中的至少一种固化剂,
[化学式2]
式中,R1~R4彼此独立地表示选自碳原子数1~6的一价烃基、CH3S-和C2H5S-的基团。
2.一种多层半导体装置的制造方法,其包括:
在电路基板上装载多层半导体芯片;
并在所述电路基板上的多层半导体芯片的周围成型和涂布权利要求1所述的坝料组合物;
从所述多层半导体芯片和坝料组合物之间,向所述电路基板和多层半导体芯片的缝隙间以及多层半导体芯片的层间填充底部填充剂组合物;
使所述坝料组合物和底部填充剂组合物两者均固化。
3.权利要求2所述的多层半导体装置的制造方法,其中,所述多层半导体装置为倒装片型半导体装置或者硅贯通电极型半导体装置。
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