CN101395359B - 排气再循环系统 - Google Patents

排气再循环系统 Download PDF

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CN101395359B
CN101395359B CN2006800490451A CN200680049045A CN101395359B CN 101395359 B CN101395359 B CN 101395359B CN 2006800490451 A CN2006800490451 A CN 2006800490451A CN 200680049045 A CN200680049045 A CN 200680049045A CN 101395359 B CN101395359 B CN 101395359B
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exhaust
flow control
memory device
control mechanism
pressure
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CN101395359A (zh
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S·N·科拉维努
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Garrett Power Technology (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd.
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Honeywell International Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/37—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with temporary storage of recirculated exhaust gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/40—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with timing means in the recirculation passage, e.g. cyclically operating valves or regenerators; with arrangements involving pressure pulsations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F02D41/0085—Balancing of cylinder outputs, e.g. speed, torque or air-fuel ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/45—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems
    • F02M26/46—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems for determining the characteristics of gases, e.g. composition
    • F02M26/47—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems for determining the characteristics of gases, e.g. composition the characteristics being temperatures, pressures or flow rates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种连接到发动机的进气系统和排气系统的流动控制机构。机构可以实现尽管在变化的差压或压力脉动时的排气再循环。控制机构可以连接到存储设备。脉动可以用于将排气的一些存储在存储设备内。可以供给在进气歧管处需要的排气而同时补充排气。存储可以消除处理压力脉动且流动控制机构与脉动的相关协作的必需性。

Description

排气再循环系统
技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机，且更特定地涉及发动机内的排气再循环(EGR)系统。更特定地，本发明涉及更有效的排气再循环。
发明内容
本发明是用于平稳(即最小化脉动)在发动机内再循环的排气流的解决方案。
附图说明
图1是带有具有存储机构的EGR系统的发动机的图；和
图2是图1中的EGR系统的另一个构造的图。
具体实施方式
为控制内燃机(例如柴油机)内的排放物，来自发动机的排气的一些可以再次引导或再循环回到发动机的气缸内。将惰性物(即排气)引入到气缸内可以最小化或防止NOx的产生，所述的NOx是关心的污染物。本解决方案可以称为排气再循环(EGR)。EGR系统可以是开环系统或取决于促动器的协调，例如可变喷嘴涡轮机(VNT)的翼片位置，这可以协调排气流回到发动机内。本系统可以通过将存储设备添加到EGR系统而改进排气再循环。
图1示出了本系统的示例性例子。图中示出了系统10具有发动机11和排气再循环(EGR)机构，EGR机构具有流动控制机构12。流动控制机构12可以是阀、泵等。现代发动机使用排气再循环(EGR)以降低发动机排出的NOx排放物以满足严格的排放法规。EGR是将发动机11的排气14的一些再循环回到发动机。排气14可以在进气歧管15前在位置18处或在进气歧管15内与新鲜空气16组合为混合物36。然后，新鲜空气16和排气14的混合物可以通过进气口19在正确的时间进入气缸17。在此点上关心的是来自发动机的排气14可能脉动地到来。本系统可以有利地利用脉动且也提供平稳的排气流以分别再循环到歧管15和气缸17。这可以通过添加存储设备42实现，存储设备42可以存储来自发动机的排气14。在脉动期间，排气的流动可以用于将排气的一些存储在存储设备42内。用于在进气歧管15的入口34处再循环的排气43可以从存储设备42供给，而同时可以以来自排气歧管23的排气14通过入口流动控制机构44(可以是选择的)、管路41和排气管28再填充存储设备42。接口44可以可能地通过连接到控制器40的线45控制。接口44可以根据压力、压力脉动和/或流量而控制排气14的进入或排气43的离开。接口44可以是流动控制阀，该阀在一定时间允许排气14到存储设备42内的单向流动。接口44可以在排气14的压力脉动期间或当排气14超过一定的压力时允许排气14进入存储设备42。这意味着可以实现存储设备42内的排气的一定的压力。此改进的压力可以帮助排气43以充足的压力通过EGR阀12，尽管在进气系统区18内的总压力高于发动机的排气系统管道28内的压力。从存储设备42输出的排气43可以无脉动。另一方面，设备42的输入口/输出口可以简单地打开且作为对进入流动控制机构12内的排气14的压力脉动的缓冲。存储或容量的设备42可以最小化或消除对于排气压力脉动的处理和EGR阀动作与脉动的相关协作的必需性。本解决方案也可以帮助控制对排气43的需求的气缸与气缸之间的变化，且按要求向不同的气缸17提供不同水平的EGR 43。
图2揭示了具有存储设备42的EGR系统的另一个构造。一些具有压力脉动的排气14可以进入存储设备42。一些排气14可以直接流向流动控制机构12。也可以存在来自设备42的存储的排气43流向流动控制机构12。可以具有选择的接口44，所述的接口44通过连接到控制器40的线45控制且位于设备42的输入/输出处。接口44可以根据压力、压力脉动和/或流量控制排气14的进入或排气43的离开。设备42的输入口/输出口可以简单地打开且作为对进入流动控制机构12内的排气14的压力脉动的缓冲。
接口44可以是阀，该阀在一定的时间允许排气14到存储设备42内的单向流动。在排气14的压力脉动期间或当排气14超过一定的压力时，接口44可以允许排气14进入存储设备42。这意味着可以实现存储设备42内的排气的一定的压力。此改进的压力可以帮助排气43以充足的压力通过EGR阀或流动控制机构12，尽管在排气43来流的时刻降低的压力和在进气系统区18内的总压力高于发动机的排气系统管道28内的压力。从存储设备42输出的排气43可以无脉动。存储设备42可以平稳总的排气14和43的压力变化，且仍在流动控制机构12的输入处提供相对于排气系统管道28内的排气14的较高的总压力。
如下可以提供本系统的基础。一定量的燃料在进入前或在通过到气缸的进气门后可以添加到混合物36(通过化油器或燃料喷射器)。此新的混合物36可以在进气循环期间进入各气缸，如由到气缸17的进气门25所允许。随后，进气门可以关闭且活塞21在气缸内向上向在此未明确地示出的气缸盖结构(气缸盖)压缩混合物36，该气缸盖接附到包含了气缸的缸体的顶部。气缸盖可以盖住且密封气缸17，从而在活塞和气缸盖之间封闭了体积。当活塞向其最靠近气缸盖的位置(即，上止点-TDC)移动时，混合物36的体积降低且压力显著地增加，同时位于气缸盖内的进气门25和排气门26被关闭，因此维持了混合物36的体积的密封。歧管15和23也接附到具有口19和22的气缸盖，口19和22将歧管连接到其各自的气门25和26。气门25和26可以是圆形的，但在附图中显示为椭圆形，因为它们在气缸盖内相对于活塞21的顶部倾斜地定向。替代地，气门25和26可以与各进气歧管和排气歧管一起位于发动机的气缸体的顶部内，进气歧管和排气歧管接附到气缸体。进气门25和排气门26可以通过凸轮轴(未示出)打开和关闭，凸轮轴连接到曲轴24。其他机构可以用于将燃料混合物置入发动机且从发动机去除排气。在大约活塞的最靠近气缸盖的点处，被压缩的混合物36可以被点燃(在柴油机内由于被高度压缩的混合物的热点燃，或在汽油机内由于火花塞被点燃)且膨胀，因此在活塞上提供了很大压力且将活塞从气缸盖推离。活塞21可以连接到曲轴24，曲轴24通过燃烧的混合物36在活塞上的力被旋转，从而导致做功循环。当活塞接近其最远离气缸盖的位置(即下止点-BDC)时，排气门26可以打开且活塞21沿气缸17向上返回且推动燃烧过的混合物或排气14通过排气门26离开气缸17通过排气口22到排气歧管23，从而导致排气循环。排气门26可以关闭且进气门打开，因此当活塞21沿气缸17向下移动离开气缸盖时允许活塞21在其下一次进气循环期间抽入另外的混合物36和一些燃料到气缸17内。对于给定的活塞21和气缸17，次序或进气、压缩、做功和排气循环可以在曲轴24的下两转内自身重复。其他活塞21和气缸17的每个可以继续相同的过程。然而，每个活塞可以具有其自己的循环次序，该次序略微与其他活塞偏移曲轴24的半个到一个半转。因此，在图1中示出的四缸发动机11的情况中，在曲轴24的每半转期间，可以存在来自活塞21中的一个的一个做功循环。发动机11可以替代地具有不同个数的气缸和构造，例如气缸的直列布置、“V”型布置或对置布置。发动机可以是任何类型的不具有活塞的内燃机。这样的发动机的例子可以是汪克尔发动机。
可以通过在混合物36进入气缸17前将其与燃料一起压缩而增加发动机11的功率，压缩使用例如涡轮增压器的机构进行。离开发动机11到歧管23内的排气14可以通过排气管28行进到涡轮机。排气14可以使得涡轮机以相对地高的每分钟转数(rpm)转动或旋转。在排气14通过涡轮机后，它们可以通过排气管而离开涡轮增压器。涡轮机又可以通过轴使得压缩机涡轮机转动。涡轮机可以通过进气管吸入新鲜空气16且将其输出到管34内，管34连接到歧管15。因为空气16到管34内的移动远快于自然吸气发动机11的正常进气，所以空气16在通过歧管15进入发动机时可能变得被压缩。如果压缩空气16的压力高于管28内的排气14的压力，则排气可能不经过打开的阀12且在管34或歧管15内与空气16混合以导致EGR。在此关心的是此差压。
EGR可以通过可将排气歧管23或排气管28连接到进气歧管或进气管34的管35或其他用于传送的设备完成。在EGR流动管35内，开/关阀、比例流动阀或簧片阀可以作为阀12而位于管内。当使用开/关阀或比例流动阀时，任一个可以以常规的慢时间尺度控制，以取决于发动机11的曲轴24的载荷和速度来调节EGR。在两个此情况中，排气压力应大于进气压力以提供在正确的方向上的EGR流动。进气压力和排气压力可以分别通过压力传感器37和38测量。传感器37和38可以连接到控制器40。来自传感器37和38的信号可以用于确定跨过流动控制机构12的差压。压力也可以通过合适地定位的差压或压差传感器检测。可以通过传感器39检测曲轴的速度或转速或转数，所述的传感器39靠近接附到曲轴24的飞轮51。传感器39可以连接到控制器40。阀和机构12可以通过连接件53连接到控制器40。控制器40在计算来自与发动机相关的参数的控制信号中可以利用数学模型和合适的控制逻辑、查表和其他方案，以用于流动控制机构12。
当使用簧片阀时，EGR流动可以取决于这样的非主动地控制的阀的特征。在良好地设计的高度涡轮增压的发动机11内，例如在柴油机内，涡轮增压器可以造成高于发动机排气歧管压力的进气增压。因此，为将排气14的流动从排气歧管23或排气管28引导到进气管34或进气歧管15，时间平均的排气歧管23的压力应升高到进气歧管15的压力以上。这可能是有问题的，因为基本上高于排气压力的进气压力可能否定涡轮增压器的正向泵送贡献，且导致发动机的效率和燃料经济性的损失。此外，因为由于单独的气缸的作用，排气压力可能是脉动的，来自排气的脉动可能传递到进气歧管15。在排气歧管23的压力下降且进气歧管15的压力暂时地高于排气压力时，在压力脉动期间完成的排气14的流动的一些可能逆转。为获得实现希望的EGR率的净结果，发动机可能例如通过阻塞了管28内的排气14的流动而“背压”，这可能导致发动机的燃料经济性损失。此外，因为要求了较高水平的EGR，燃料经济性不利增加，且在一些情况中，由于涡轮增压器和发动机11的热力学上的限制，发动机将不能实现要求的EGR水平。
本设备或阀12可以解决导致EGR的流动的问题而不增加背压。这可以通过首先认识到排气14压力具有脉动且这些压力脉动的幅值使得它们对于一定时间期间超过进气混合物36压力来实现。这些压力脉动可以通过传感器38检测。通过在不利的或负压梯度期间关闭管或管道35内的EGR路径，本流动控制机构或阀12可以防止逆向的EGR流动；然而，在正向或向前的压力期间然后可以再次打开路径而具有最小的流动约束。益处在于可以降低或消除导致希望的EGR流动的发动机背压要求。因此，EGR能“向上”流动，即在从排气歧管23或排气管28通过管35到进气歧管15或进气管34流动的适当方向上，即使其中时间平均的进气歧管压力高于时间平均的排气歧管压力。流体(例如气体14)的流动或流量可以使用流动传感器检测和测量，该流动传感器可以通过线53连接到控制器40。流动传感器可以位于管35内靠近流动控制机构12或在机构12内。
为实现此现象，本设备或阀12可以具有可控的打开的“窗”区，使得流动面积、打开时间和关闭时间可以被控制以符合有利的压力脉动，因此仅当将发生向前流动时打开，且仅对于与希望的EGR流量相容的持续时间打开。阀可以非常迅速地控制流体(即气体或液体)的流动，其中以可移动的机械障碍物打开和关闭窗。
基于一个个气缸可以控制阀12打开面积和定时以实现对于每个排气脉动的定制的EGR流动，且名义上将EGR流动相对于每个脉动均等化。每个气缸可以具有通过连接线52连接到控制器40的单独的压力传感器(未示出)。如果存在导致了在排气再循环率上的循环与循环和气缸与气缸之间的变化的排气脉动强度的显著的在循环与循环之间的变化，这可能是特别地有用的。这可能意味着如果气缸提供不同的功率的量，则再循环气体可能以调节的和不同的量以适时的方式提供到气缸的每个，以导致来自气缸的每个的相同的功率量。来自气缸的功率的此均匀性可能导致运行非常平稳和有效的发动机。
因为来自给定的气缸情况的排放物可能特别地对于EGR率敏感，所以作为排气压力脉动强度的函数来控制EGR率可以特别地在排放、经济性和动力上是有益的。此控制策略可以通过使用多种其他类型的传感器而被强化，这些传感器可以用于测量冲击、振动、脉动、温度、混合物和发动机系统的其他参数。来自这些传感器的信号可以输入到处理器或控制器，以向流动控制机构12提供合适的信号而用于有效的EGR。EGR流动控制可以基于使用压力传感器和/或其他相关传感器连同数学模型和合适的控制逻辑。控制器40可以合并了用于基于来自压力传感器和/或其他如上所述的相关传感器的参数信号来控制EGR流动的数学模型和控制逻辑。
在本说明书中，问题的一些可以具有假设性或预言性本质，但以另外的方式或时态来陈述。
虽然已参考至少一个图示的例子描述了本发明，但在阅读本说明书时，许多变化和修改对于本领域一般技术人员将变得显见。因此，意图是考虑到现有技术尽可能宽泛地解释附带的权利要求，以包括所有这样的变化和修改。

Claims (17)

1.一种排气再循环系统，包括：
具有输入口和输出口的流动控制机构；
存储设备，该存储设备连接到流动控制机构的输入口；
控制器；和
连接到存储设备的输入口的流动控制阀，其中，流动控制阀连接到控制器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中：
流动控制阀构造成允许一些具有压力脉动的排气进入存储设备，并允许另外一些排气直接从发动机的排气系统流入到该流动控制机构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统，进一步包括：
在流动控制机构的输入口处的第一压力传感器；和
在流动控制机构的输出口处的第二压力传感器；和
其中，第一和第二压力传感器连接到控制器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中流动控制阀允许排气到存储设备的单向流动。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统，其中在排气的压力脉动期间，流动控制阀允许排气进入到存储设备内。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中：
流动控制机构的输出口用于连接到发动机的进气系统；和
存储设备具有用于连接到发动机的排气系统的输入口和用于连接到流动控制机构的输入口的输出口。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统，其中，该控制器连接至流动控制机构。
8.一种用于排气再循环的方法，包括：
允许排气压力脉动流从发动机引导到室；
用控制器来控制对排气到该室的引导，该控制器连接到该室上的流动控制阀；
将排气存储在该室中；和
从该室向发动机的进气系统提供平稳的排气流。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，进一步包括将排气与空气在进气系统内组合。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法，进一步包括：控制从该室到进气系统的该平稳排气流。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，用控制器来实现该控制平稳排气流的步骤。
12.一种排气再循环系统，包括：
具有输入和输出的流动控制机构；
连接至该流动控制机构的控制器；和
具有输出和输入的存储设备，该存储设备的输出和输入连接到流动控制机构的输入，该存储设备具有连接到其输出和输入的流动控制阀，其中，一些具有压力脉动的排气进入存储设备，并且一些排气直接流向流动控制机构。
13.根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中：
流动控制机构的输入用于连接到发动机的排气系统；和
流动控制机构的输出用于连接到发动机的进气系统。
14.根据权利要求12所述的系统，进一步包括：
在流动控制机构的输入处的第一压力传感器；和
在流动控制机构的输出处的第二压力传感器；和
其中第一和第二压力传感器连接到控制器。
15.一种具有存储设备的按需的EGR控制设备，包括：
具有输出的排气再循环阀，该输出用于连接到发动机的进气；
控制器；和
该存储设备具有用于连接到发动机的排气的输入且具有连接到排气再循环阀的输入的输出，该存储设备具有处于该存储设备的输入处的接口机构，其中，该接口机构连接至该控制器。
16.根据权利要求15所述的控制设备，其中该存储设备用于吸收排气的压力脉动。
17.根据权利要求15所述的控制设备，其中接口机构允许在一定的压力以上的排气进入到该存储设备内。
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