WO2022211013A1 - 植物性蛋白質含有液状食品及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
植物性蛋白質含有液状食品及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022211013A1 WO2022211013A1 PCT/JP2022/016470 JP2022016470W WO2022211013A1 WO 2022211013 A1 WO2022211013 A1 WO 2022211013A1 JP 2022016470 W JP2022016470 W JP 2022016470W WO 2022211013 A1 WO2022211013 A1 WO 2022211013A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acid
- hlb
- protein
- carbon atoms
- vegetable protein
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
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- A23C11/103—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins containing or not lactose but no other milk components as source of fats, carbohydrates or proteins containing only proteins from pulses, oilseeds or nuts, e.g. nut milk
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A23L11/60—Drinks from legumes, e.g. lupine drinks
- A23L11/65—Soy drinks
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
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-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/66—Proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/015—Inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/03—Organic compounds
- A23L29/035—Organic compounds containing oxygen as heteroatom
- A23L29/04—Fatty acids or derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/185—Vegetable proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vegetable protein-containing liquid food and a method for producing the same.
- Liquid foods based on conventional soy milk and salty seasonings are heat-treated at a high temperature and then homogenized to reduce aggregates in advance, thereby suppressing the occurrence of aggregates during heating during eating. Since this method requires homogenization, it is difficult to add solids such as meat and vegetables and process them all at once.
- Patent Document 1 In addition, in the method of suppressing aggregation by selecting a specific soybean protein material with a reduced proportion of lipophilic protein, the soybean protein material is special and limited.
- Patent document 2 In addition, in the method of suppressing aggregation by selecting a specific soybean protein material with a reduced proportion of lipophilic protein, the soybean protein material is special and limited.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a vegetable protein-containing liquid food containing a salt-containing seasoning that uses vegetable protein as a raw material and has excellent salt tolerance that does not agglomerate even when heated. do.
- the present invention (1) A plant characterized by heat sterilization after mixing a raw material containing a vegetable protein, a salty seasoning, and one or more emulsifiers selected from the group consisting of (A) to (D) below.
- a method for producing a sexual protein-containing liquid food (A) a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an HLB of 7 or more, a constituent fatty acid having 14 to 18 carbon atoms, and a degree of polymerization of 5 or more; (B) a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an HLB of 12 or more, a constituent fatty acid having 10 to 12 carbon atoms, and a degree of polymerization of 10 or more; (C) a sucrose fatty acid ester having an HLB of 5 or more and a constituent fatty acid having 14 to 18 carbon atoms; (D) a sorbitan fatty acid ester having an HLB of 15 or more and a constituent fatty acid having 12 to 18 carbon atoms; (2) The
- food (A) a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an HLB of 7 or more, a constituent fatty acid having 14 to 18 carbon atoms, and a degree of polymerization of 5 or more; (B) a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an HLB of 12 or more, a constituent fatty acid having 10 to 12 carbon atoms, and a degree of polymerization of 10 or more; (C) a sucrose fatty acid ester having an HLB of 5 or more and a constituent fatty acid having 14 to 18 carbon atoms; (D) a sorbitan fatty acid ester having an HLB of 15 or more and a constituent fatty acid having 12 to 18 carbon atoms; is.
- a vegetable protein containing a salt-containing seasoning with good flavor is characterized by being resistant to agglomeration by heat treatment despite containing alkali metal ions such as sodium contained in salt. It has become possible to provide liquid foods containing
- the vegetable protein-containing liquid food of the present invention comprises a vegetable protein, a salt-containing seasoning, an HLB of 7 or more, a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having a constituent fatty acid of 14 to 18 carbon atoms and a degree of polymerization of 5 or more, an HLB of 12 or more, Polyglycerol fatty acid esters with a constituent fatty acid having 10 to 12 carbon atoms and a degree of polymerization of 10 or more, HLB of 5 or more, sucrose fatty acid esters having a constituent fatty acid of 14 to 18 carbon atoms, and HLB of 15 or more and a constituent fatty acid having a carbon number of It is characterized by containing a heat-sterilized mixture containing one or more emulsifiers selected from the group of 12 to 18 sorbitan fatty acid esters.
- the present invention will be described in detail below.
- the vegetable protein-containing liquid food in the present invention is a liquid food containing vegetable protein and salt-containing seasonings, and examples thereof include soups, stews, bases for pots and the like, dipping sauces, and sauces.
- the vegetable protein-containing liquid food of the present invention contains at least vegetable protein as protein.
- a raw material containing the vegetable protein powdery protein such as concentrated protein or isolated protein, vegetable milk, soybean flour, or the like can be used.
- the type of plant is not limited as long as it has a protein that forms a gel with respect to salt, such as globulin in the case of soybeans. Seeds typified by hazelnuts, cashew nuts, walnuts, peanuts, and pistachios, and cereals typified by rice and oats, and the like. Moreover, it is also possible to mix these in a suitable ratio and use them.
- the vegetable protein content in the vegetable protein-containing liquid food is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 5% by weight, and still more preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight. be.
- the emulsifier used in the present invention is a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having an HLB of 7 or more, a constituent fatty acid having 14 to 18 carbon atoms, and a polymerization degree of 5 or more, an HLB of 12 or more, a constituent fatty acid having 10 to 12 carbon atoms, and a polymerization degree of 10.
- the amount of the emulsifier to be added is 7% by weight or more, more preferably 8% by weight or more, preferably 10 to 60% by weight, more preferably 12 to 50% by weight, based on the vegetable protein content. If the ratio of the emulsifier to the vegetable protein is small, the effect of suppressing aggregation during heat sterilization cannot be obtained.
- polyglycerol fatty acid ester used in the present invention is that the constituent fatty acid has 14 to 18 carbon atoms, an HLB of 7 or more, and a degree of polymerization of 5 or more.
- Constituent fatty acids include saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, linear or branched fatty acids, and examples of these fatty acids include myristic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and the like.
- polyglycerin fatty acid esters examples include decaglycerin monomyristate, pentaglycerin monooleate, hexaglycerin monooleate, decaglycerin monooleate, pentaglycerin monostearate, hexaglycerin monostearate, Decaglycerin monostearate and the like can be exemplified.
- the constituent fatty acid has 10 to 12 carbon atoms, an HLB of 12 or more, and a degree of polymerization of 10 or more.
- Constituent fatty acids include caprylic acid, lauric acid, and the like.
- Examples of these polyglycerin fatty acid esters include decaglycerin monocaprylate and decaglycerin monolaurate.
- stearic acid and myristic acid are preferred as the constituent fatty acids because they can impart excellent salt resistance.
- sucrose fatty acid ester used in the present invention has an HLB of 5 or more, preferably an HLB of 10 or more, and a constituent fatty acid having 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Constituent fatty acids include saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, linear or branched fatty acids, and examples of these fatty acids include myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and the like.
- stearic acid and palmitic acid are preferred as the constituent fatty acids because they can impart excellent salt tolerance.
- the sorbitan fatty acid ester used in the present invention has an HLB of 15 or more and a constituent fatty acid having 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Constituent fatty acids include saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, linear or branched fatty acids, and examples of these fatty acids include lauric acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and the like.
- a chelating agent can be added to the vegetable protein-containing liquid food of the present invention.
- the chelating agents used in the present invention are non-metallic ligands that bind metal ions in solution and bind to one metal ion with multiple coordinating atoms in the ligand molecule, reducing the activity of that metal ion.
- examples thereof include sodium citrate, sodium succinate, sodium tartrate, sodium gluconate, and phytic acid.
- the amount of the chelating agent in the vegetable protein-containing liquid food is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 0.7% by weight, and still more preferably 0.1 to 0.1% by weight. .5% by weight.
- the amount of the chelating agent is 0.1% or more, the inhibition of aggregation may be further improved.
- the amount of chelating agent is high, the flavor may be affected.
- the salt-containing seasoning used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains alkali metals such as sodium and potassium. Examples include salt, meat extract, fish extract, soy sauce, and sauce. be done. These salt-containing seasonings can be properly used depending on the desired flavor of the vegetable protein-containing liquid food.
- the sodium content in the vegetable protein-containing liquid food is preferably 0.5% by weight or more, more preferably 0.8% by weight or more in terms of salt equivalent. If the sodium content is low, it tends to be difficult to obtain the desired flavor.
- a vegetable protein-containing liquid food may contain auxiliary ingredients in addition to vegetable protein materials and salt-containing seasonings.
- animal protein foods such as meat and fish meat, dairy products, mushrooms, vegetables such as onions, carrots, cabbage, tomatoes, celery, spinach, corn, potatoes, pumpkins, etc. may be used alone or optionally. can be included as appropriate in combination with Moreover, these may be added as a ground product, a squeezed liquid, or the like.
- the auxiliary materials also include seasonings other than the salt-containing seasonings described above (in this specification, these are simply referred to as "seasonings"), and examples thereof include sugar and flavored alcoholic beverages.
- lipids, various gums, stabilizers, flavorings, spices, coloring agents, pH adjusters, flavorings, etc. can be used as appropriate auxiliary raw materials.
- a method for producing a vegetable protein-containing liquid food includes mixing a vegetable protein material, a salt-containing seasoning, and other auxiliary materials, and heating the mixture at a high temperature necessary for sterilization (hereinafter referred to as heat sterilization). If necessary, heat cooking may be performed before heat sterilization.
- the order of mixing the raw materials does not matter, and the timing of cooking before heat sterilization does not matter. For example, all ingredients may be mixed and then cooked, or ingredients other than the vegetable protein material may be mixed and cooked, and then the vegetable protein material may be added. It is also possible to simply mix the raw materials to prepare a liquid product, and then heat sterilize it for cooking. Also, during heat sterilization, the raw material mixture may be homogenized by preliminarily pulverizing or straining so as not to clog a heat exchanger or a homogenizer.
- the pH is preferably adjusted to 7.0 or higher, more preferably 7.2 or higher, and even more preferably 7.4 or higher before heat cooking including heat sterilization.
- the pH is preferably adjusted to the alkaline side, it becomes possible to further suppress aggregation due to heating.
- heat sterilization For heat sterilization, conventionally known devices such as various heat exchangers such as plate heat exchangers, tube heat exchangers, scraping heat exchangers, and steam injection heat exchangers, and batch-type retort kettles can be used. Any combination of these devices may be used.
- the heat sterilization conditions are not particularly limited, but for example, when enhancing the storage stability of a vegetable protein-containing liquid food, the temperature is preferably 80 to 160°C, more preferably 110 to 150°C.
- the heating time is preferably 1 second to 60 minutes, more preferably 3 seconds to 40 minutes. If necessary, the vegetable protein-containing liquid food after heat sterilization can be subjected to a degassing treatment.
- the vegetable protein-containing liquid food obtained by the method of the present invention can also be used for various processed cooking by mixing with commercially available pot bases, sauces, etc. for cooking purposes. After mixing, aggregation is unlikely to occur during cooking, and good flavor is exhibited.
- Examples 1 and 2 Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Effect of emulsifier Soy milk cream (Fuji Oil Co., Ltd., protein 6.1 g (calculated with a protein conversion factor of 5.71), lipid 12.3 g, carbohydrate 0 .6 g, sodium 1 mg, potassium 147 mg), sucrose fatty acid ester ("Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670" (Mitsubishi Kagaku Chemical Foods)), trisodium citrate, and water at 60 ° C as shown in Table 1. , and cooled to 10°C. After cooling, the mixture was added so that the final salt concentration was 1.5%, sealed in a retort pouch, and heat sterilized at 122° C. for 30 minutes at high temperature and high pressure to prepare a vegetable protein-containing liquid food.
- the presence or absence of aggregation was evaluated as follows by (1) visual observation and (2) particle size measurement.
- (2) Measurement of particle size The particle size is measured by a particle size measuring device (“SALD-700” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) using a laser diffraction/light scattering method, and a small amount of vegetable protein-containing liquid food is dispersed in water. and measured the particle size when measured at 25°C. [Unit: ⁇ m] A particle diameter of less than 10.0 ⁇ m was accepted.
- Example 2 in which a chelating agent was added, exhibited a greater effect of suppressing aggregation during heat sterilization.
- Tables 2 to 7 show the results of examination of sucrose fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, organic acid monoglycerin fatty acid esters, and sorbitan esters.
- sucrose fatty acid esters with an HLB of 5 or higher and a constituent fatty acid with 14 to 18 carbon atoms showed an aggregation-suppressing effect during heat sterilization.
- polyglycerin fatty acid esters having a constituent fatty acid of 14 to 18 carbon atoms showed an aggregation inhibitory effect during heat sterilization when HLB was 7 or more and polymerization degree was 5 or more.
- polyglycerol fatty acid esters with a constituent fatty acid of 10 to 12 carbon atoms showed an aggregation inhibitory effect during heat sterilization with an HLB of 12 or higher and a degree of polymerization of 10 or higher.
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Abstract
Description
一方、凝集物を抑制する方法として、例えば、均質化処理をする事で凝集を抑制する方法や特定の成分が低減された大豆蛋白質素材の選択により凝集を抑制する方法、pHを調整する方法等が開示されている。(特許文献1、2)
(1)植物性蛋白質、含塩調味料及び、下記の(A)~(D)からなる群より選択される1種以上の乳化剤を含む原料を混合後加熱殺菌することを特徴とする、植物性蛋白質含有液状食品の製造方法、
(A)HLB7以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18、かつ重合度が5以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
(B)HLB12以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が10から12、かつ重合度が10以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
(C)HLB5以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18のショ糖脂肪酸エステル、
(D)HLB15以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が12から18 のソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、
(2)植物性蛋白質含量が0.1~10重量%、乳化剤含有量が植物性蛋白質当たり7重量%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の植物性蛋白質含有液状食品の製造方法、
(3)植物性蛋白質、含塩調味料及び、下記の(A)~(D)からなる群より選択される1種以上の乳化剤を含む混合物の加熱殺菌物を含有する、植物性蛋白質含有液状食品 、
(A)HLB7以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18、かつ重合度が5以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
(B)HLB12以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が10から12、かつ重合度が10以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
(C)HLB5以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18のショ糖脂肪酸エステル、
(D)HLB15以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が12から18 のソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、
である。
本発明における植物性蛋白質含有液状食品は、植物性蛋白質と含塩調味料を含む液状食品であり、例えばスープ、シチュー、鍋等のベース、つゆ、ソースなどが例示される。
本発明の植物性蛋白質含有液状食品は、蛋白質として植物性蛋白質を少なくとも含有する。該植物性蛋白質を含有する原料として、濃縮蛋白や分離蛋白などの粉末状蛋白質や、植物乳、豆粉などを使用することができる。植物の種類は、例えば、大豆の場合グロブリンが挙げられるように塩に対しゲル形成する蛋白質を有する植物であれば限定されないが、大豆、エンドウ豆、ソラマメ、ヒヨコ豆に代表される豆類、アーモンド、へーゼルナッツ、カシューナッツ、クルミ、落花生、ピスタチオなどに代表される種子類、米、オーツ麦に代表される穀物類などが挙げられる。また、これらを適当な割合で混合して使用することも可能である。
植物原料を基本原料として得られるミルク(乳濁状の液体)である植物乳を使用する場合、植物乳から不溶性画分(オカラ)を除去したもののみならず植物乳から不溶性画分(オカラ)を除去せずに不溶性画分(オカラ)を微粉砕したスラリー状のものも使用することができる。
例えば大豆では、丸大豆や脱脂大豆から水で抽出し、不溶性繊維であるオカラを除去して得られる、一般的な豆乳を使用することができ、その際に風味がより良好な豆乳を得るために適宜改良された製法を適用することができる。
また、他の例示として、大豆粉を水に溶かして得られる大豆スラリーも使用できる。
本発明に使用する乳化剤はHLB7以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18、かつ重合度が5以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、HLB12以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が10から12、かつ重合度が10以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、HLB5以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18のショ糖脂肪酸エステル、及びHLB15以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が12から18のソルビタン脂肪酸エステルであり、これらの乳化剤を1種以上併用して使用することができる。
乳化剤の添加量は、植物性蛋白質含量に対して7重量%以上、より好ましくは8重量%以上であり、10~60重量%が好ましく、12~50重量%がさらに好ましい。植物性蛋白質に対する乳化剤の割合が少ない場合、加熱殺菌時の凝集抑制効果を得られず、一方、乳化剤の割合が多い場合、加熱殺菌時の凝集抑制効果は問題ないが、風味に影響が出る場合がある。
本発明に使用するポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、態様の1つは構成脂肪酸が炭素数14から18、HLB7以上、重合度5以上である。構成脂肪酸には、飽和または不飽和脂肪酸、直鎖または分岐を有する脂肪酸が含まれ、これらの脂肪酸として、ミリスチン酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸等が挙げられる。これらのポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとして、デカグリセリンモノミリスチン酸エステル、ペンタグリセリンモノオレイン酸エステル、ヘキサグリセリンモノオレイン酸エステル、デカグリセリンモノオレイン酸エステル、ペンタグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル、ヘキサグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル、デカグリセリンモノステアリン酸エステル等が例示できる。
ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの中でも優れた耐塩性を付与できる点で構成脂肪酸としてはステアリン酸とミリスチン酸が好ましい。
本発明に使用するショ糖脂肪酸エステルは、HLB5以上、好ましくはHLB10以上、かつ構成脂肪酸が炭素数14から18である。構成脂肪酸には、飽和または不飽和脂肪酸、直鎖または分岐を有する脂肪酸が含まれ、これらの脂肪酸として、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸等が挙げられる。
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの中でも優れた耐塩性を付与できる点で構成脂肪酸としてはステアリン酸とパルミチン酸が好ましい。
本発明にする使用するソルビタン脂肪酸エステルは、HLB15以上かつ構成脂肪酸が炭素数12から18である。構成脂肪酸には、飽和または不飽和脂肪酸、直鎖または分岐を有する脂肪酸が含まれ、これらの脂肪酸として、ラウリン酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸等が挙げられる。
本発明の植物性蛋白質含有液状食品は、キレート剤を添加することができる。本発明に使用されるキレート剤は溶液中で金属イオンと結合する非金属のリガントであり、リガンド分子内の複数の配位原子で1つの金属イオンと結合し、その金属イオンの活性を低下させるものであれば特に限定されないが、例えば、クエン酸ナトリウム、コハク酸ナトリウム、酒石酸ナトリウム、グルコン酸ナトリウム、フィチン酸などが挙げられる。
本発明に使用される含塩調味料とは、ナトリウムとカリウムに代表されるアルカリ金属を含む調味料であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、食塩,畜肉エキス,魚肉エキス,醤油,ソース等が例示される。これら含塩調味料は植物性蛋白質含有液状食品の所望の風味に応じて、適宜使い分けることが可能である。
植物性蛋白質含有液状食品に含まれるナトリウム含量としては、食塩相当量として好ましくは0.5重量%以上、より好ましくは0.8重量%以上である。ナトリウム含量が低い場合は、目的とする風味が得られにくい傾向がある。
植物性蛋白質含有液状食品の製造法は、植物性蛋白質素材,含塩調味料、その他の副材料を混合し、殺菌のために必要な高温で加熱(以後、加熱殺菌という)を行う。必要であれば加熱殺菌の前に加熱調理を行ってもよい。原料を混合する順序は問わず、加熱殺菌前に加熱調理する場合も、そのタイミングを問わない。例えば全原料を混合後に加熱調理しても良いし、あるいは植物性蛋白質素材を除く他の原料を混合して加熱調理後、植物性蛋白質素材を加えてもよい。単に原料を混合して液状物を調製し、後の加熱殺菌によって調理を兼ねることも可能である。また加熱殺菌の際に原料混合液が熱交換器やホモゲナイザーを使用する際に目詰まりしないように、予め粉砕したり、裏ごしにかけたりして均質化してもよい。
また、必要に応じて、加熱殺菌後の植物性蛋白質含有液状食品を、脱気処理にかけることもできる。
豆乳クリーム(不二製油(株)、蛋白質 6.1g(たん白質換算係数5.71にて算出)、脂質 12.3g、炭水化物 0.6g、ナトリウム1mg、カリウム147mg)、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(「リョートーシュガーエステルS-1670」(三菱化学ケミカルフーズ))、クエン酸三ナトリウム、水を表1の通り60℃にて調合して、10℃に冷却した。冷却後、食塩濃度が最終1.5%になるように添加し、レトルトパウチに密封し、122℃、30分間高温高圧で加熱殺菌して植物性蛋白質含有液状食品を調製した。
(1)目視:凝集のないものを「〇」、凝集のあるものを「×」とした。
(2)粒子径の測定:粒子径は、レーザー回折・光散乱法を用いた粒子径測定装置(株式会社島津製作所製「SALD-700」)で、植物性蛋白質含有液状食品を水に少量分散させ、25℃で測定したときの粒子径を測定した。[単位:μm]
粒子径は、10.0μm未満を合格とした。更に、合格範囲の中でも、2.0μm未満を「4」、2.0~5.0μm未満を「3」、5.0~10.0μm未満を「2」と評価した。10.0μm以上のものは「1」と評価した。
豆乳クリーム(不二製油(株)、蛋白質 6.1g(たん白質換算係数5.71にて算出)、脂質 12.3g、炭水化物 0.6g、ナトリウム1mg、カリウム147mg)20部、乳化剤0.55部、クエン酸三ナトリウム0.5部、水77.45部を60℃にて調合し、10℃に冷却した。冷却後、食塩濃度が最終1.5%になるように添加し、レトルトパウチに密封し、122℃、30分間高温高圧で加熱殺菌して植物性蛋白質含有液状食品を調製した。
表8に則り豆乳クリーム(不二製油(株)、蛋白質 6.1g(たん白質換算係数5.71にて算出)、脂質 12.3g、炭水化物 0.6g、ナトリウム1mg、カリウム147mg)、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(「リョートーシュガーエステルS-1670」(三菱化学ケミカルフーズ))、クエン酸三ナトリウム、水を60℃にて調合し、10℃に冷却した。冷却後、食塩濃度が最終1.5%になるように添加し、レトルトパウチに密封し、122℃、30分間高温高圧で加熱殺菌して植物性蛋白質含有液状食品を調製した。
Claims (3)
- 植物性蛋白質、含塩調味料及び、下記の(A)~(D)からなる群より選択される1種以上の乳化剤を含む原料を混合後加熱殺菌することを特徴とする、植物性蛋白質含有液状食品の製造方法。
(A)HLB7以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18、かつ重合度が5以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
(B)HLB12以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が10から12、かつ重合度が10以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
(C)HLB5以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18のショ糖脂肪酸エステル、
(D)HLB15以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が12から18のソルビタン脂肪酸エステル。 - 植物性蛋白質含量が0.1~10重量%、乳化剤含有量が植物性蛋白質当たり7重量%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の植物性蛋白質含有液状食品の製造方法。
- 植物性蛋白質、含塩調味料及び、下記の(A)~(D)からなる群より選択される1種以上の乳化剤を含む混合物の加熱殺菌物を含有する、植物性蛋白質含有液状食品。
(A)HLB7以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18、かつ重合度が5以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
(B)HLB12以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が10から12、かつ重合度が10以上のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
(C)HLB5以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が14から18のショ糖脂肪酸エステル、
(D)HLB15以上、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が12から18のソルビタン脂肪酸エステル。
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