WO2021172319A1 - 硬化性樹脂、硬化性樹脂組成物、硬化物、電子デバイス、積層板材料、電子部品封止材および硬化性樹脂の製造方法 - Google Patents
硬化性樹脂、硬化性樹脂組成物、硬化物、電子デバイス、積層板材料、電子部品封止材および硬化性樹脂の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021172319A1 WO2021172319A1 PCT/JP2021/006760 JP2021006760W WO2021172319A1 WO 2021172319 A1 WO2021172319 A1 WO 2021172319A1 JP 2021006760 W JP2021006760 W JP 2021006760W WO 2021172319 A1 WO2021172319 A1 WO 2021172319A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- curable resin
- general formula
- group
- resin composition
- represented
- Prior art date
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 72
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 109
- -1 bisphenol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 60
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 58
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 57
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 52
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 26
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 12
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- POYODSZSSBWJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy 2-methylprop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OOOC(=O)C(C)=C POYODSZSSBWJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(C)=O FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGYQHGIANHIZJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-methylphenol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C(C=2C=C(C)C(O)=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 QGYQHGIANHIZJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ZFVMWEVVKGLCIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol AF Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZFVMWEVVKGLCIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)OC LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(CN(C)C)=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C1 AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YATQNCJEZQOGQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]phenol Chemical compound FC(C(C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)F)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)F)(F)F YATQNCJEZQOGQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QZXGXUFEKOIXMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)ethyl]phenol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C(C=2C=C(C)C(O)=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=C1 QZXGXUFEKOIXMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXBKTRIYEOEIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXBKTRIYEOEIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 C*(C)(C)CC=CC(OCC(COc1ccc(C(C(F)(F)F)c(cc2)ccc2OC(*)(*)CC(COc2ccc(C(C(F)(F)F)c(cc3)ccc3OC(*)(*)CC(COC(C=C)=O)O)cc2)O)cc1)O)=O Chemical compound C*(C)(C)CC=CC(OCC(COc1ccc(C(C(F)(F)F)c(cc2)ccc2OC(*)(*)CC(COc2ccc(C(C(F)(F)F)c(cc3)ccc3OC(*)(*)CC(COC(C=C)=O)O)cc2)O)cc1)O)=O 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XENVCRGQTABGKY-ZHACJKMWSA-N chlorohydrin Chemical compound CC#CC#CC#CC#C\C=C\C(Cl)CO XENVCRGQTABGKY-ZHACJKMWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- GKIPXFAANLTWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N epibromohydrin Chemical compound BrCC1CO1 GKIPXFAANLTWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
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- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RDCTYOLAEUHRGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethyl phosphate;tributyl(ethyl)phosphanium Chemical compound CCOP([O-])(=O)OCC.CCCC[P+](CC)(CCCC)CCCC RDCTYOLAEUHRGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYTPKXDVPAGGLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4,4-bis(ethylamino)cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCNC1(CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)OCC)NCC AYTPKXDVPAGGLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLAFUPJSGFVWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl(triphenyl)phosphanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 SLAFUPJSGFVWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VBZWSGALLODQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroacetone Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)F VBZWSGALLODQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940042795 hydrazides for tuberculosis treatment Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical class I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroquinone methyl ether Natural products COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium methoxide Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTRVAZKHJRYLRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butan-1-olate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCC[O-] LTRVAZKHJRYLRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZVCGYPLLBEUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;ethanolate Chemical compound [Li+].CC[O-] AZVCGYPLLBEUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylimidazole Natural products CC1=CNC=N1 XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(O)=CC=C21 NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSFOMHQIATOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoyl octaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCC SRSFOMHQIATOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N parbenate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium ethoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC[O-] RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium methoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CUQOHAYJWVTKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;butan-1-olate Chemical compound [K+].CCCC[O-] CUQOHAYJWVTKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical group CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- VCQYDZJGTXAFRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-phenyl benzenecarbothioate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)SC1=CC=CC=C1 VCQYDZJGTXAFRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYXYWTXQFUUWLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;butan-1-olate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC[O-] SYXYWTXQFUUWLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
- C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
- C08G59/06—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
- C08F222/106—Esters of polycondensation macromers
- C08F222/1063—Esters of polycondensation macromers of alcohol terminated polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
- C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
- C08G59/06—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols
- C08G59/063—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols with epihalohydrins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/14—Polycondensates modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/14—Polycondensates modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G59/1433—Polycondensates modified by chemical after-treatment with organic low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G59/1438—Polycondensates modified by chemical after-treatment with organic low-molecular-weight compounds containing oxygen
- C08G59/1455—Monocarboxylic acids, anhydrides, halides, or low-molecular-weight esters thereof
- C08G59/1461—Unsaturated monoacids
- C08G59/1466—Acrylic or methacrylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/30—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
- C08G59/308—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen containing halogen atoms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/293—Organic, e.g. plastic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a curable resin, a curable resin composition, a cured product, an electronic device, a laminated board material, an electronic component encapsulant, and a curable resin.
- curable resins such as epoxy resins and epoxy (meth) acrylate resins to insulating materials, adhesives, semiconductor encapsulants, resist materials, laminated boards, etc. is being actively studied.
- Patent Document 1 describes a 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-propanediyl group (hereinafter, "-C (CF 3 ) 2)" as represented by the following chemical formula.
- -C (CF 3 ) 2 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-propanediyl group
- Epoxy resins having a chemical structure similar to that of the epoxy resin described in Patent Document 1 are also described in Patent Documents 2 and 3.
- Patent Document 4 describes an epoxy (meth) acrylate resin having a ⁇ C (CF 3 ) 2-structure.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-155336 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-155337 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-246819 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-40971
- the present inventors have developed the -C (CF 3 ) 2 -structure described in Patent Document 1 and the like in an improvement study of an epoxy resin, an epoxy (meth) acrylate resin, and a curable resin composition containing these resins. It has been found that the curable resin having a relatively high viscosity may be difficult to handle industrially, for example.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a curable resin having a relatively low viscosity.
- a curable resin represented by the following general formula (1) is provided.
- R 1 independently represents a monovalent substituent and represents m is 0-4, n is 0 to 40, R 2 is a monovalent group containing a polymerizable functional group independently of each other.
- a curable resin composition containing the above curable resin is provided.
- a cured product of the above curable resin composition is provided.
- an electronic device including the cured product is provided.
- a laminated board material comprising the above-mentioned curable resin composition or a cured product of the curable resin composition.
- an electronic component encapsulant containing the above-mentioned curable resin composition or a cured product of the curable resin composition.
- the above-mentioned method for producing a curable resin wherein a bisphenol compound represented by the following general formula (10) is reacted with epihalohydrin in the presence of a base to produce a curable resin.
- a bisphenol compound represented by the following general formula (10) is reacted with epihalohydrin in the presence of a base to produce a curable resin.
- the above-mentioned method for producing a curable resin wherein the epoxy resin compound represented by the following general formula (2) is reacted with (meth) acrylic acid to produce a curable resin.
- a method for producing a curable resin in which a bisphenol compound represented by the following general formula (10) is reacted with glycidyl (meth) acrylate. Is provided.
- the curable resin of the present invention has a relatively low viscosity.
- XY in the description of the numerical range indicates X or more and Y or less unless otherwise specified.
- “1 to 5% by mass” means “1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less”.
- the notation that does not indicate whether it is substituted or unsubstituted includes both those having no substituent and those having a substituent.
- the "alkyl group” includes not only an alkyl group having no substituent (unsubstituted alkyl group) but also an alkyl group having a substituent (substituted alkyl group).
- the notation "(meth) acrylate” refers to both acrylate and methacrylate compounds.
- the notation “(meth) acrylic acid” refers to both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. The same applies to other similar notations.
- electronic device refers to an element to which electronic engineering technology is applied, such as a semiconductor chip, a semiconductor element, a printed wiring board, an electric circuit display device, an information communication terminal, a light emitting diode, a physical battery, and a chemical battery. , Devices, final products, etc.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment is represented by the following general formula (1).
- R 1 represents a monovalent substituent and represents m is 0-4, n is 0 to 40, R 2 is a monovalent group containing a polymerizable functional group independently of each other.
- the monovalent substituent of R 1 is not limited, but for example, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryloxy group, an amino group, an alkylamino group, an arylamino group and a cyano group.
- Preferred examples include groups, nitro groups, silyl groups, halogeno groups (eg, fluoro groups) and the like, which may have substituents such as a fluorine atom and a carboxyl group.
- alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, fluorinated alkyl groups (eg, trifluoromethyl groups), halogeno groups (eg, fluoro groups) and nitro groups are more preferred.
- the alkyl group of R 1 is not limited, but is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, among which n-butyl group, s-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group and n-.
- a propyl group, an i-propyl group, an ethyl group and a methyl group are preferable, and an ethyl group and a methyl group are particularly preferable.
- the alkoxy group of R 1 is not limited, but is preferably a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, among which n-butoxy group, s-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, t-butoxy group, n-.
- a propoxy group, an i-propoxy group, an ethoxy group and a methoxy group are preferable, and an ethoxy group and a methoxy group are particularly preferable.
- the alkyl group or alkoxy group of R 1 may be one in which, for example, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, and a haloalkoxy group are substituted on any carbon thereof in any number and in any combination. Furthermore, if the number of R 1 in formula (1) is 2 or more, two or more R 1 are linked, saturated or unsaturated, monocyclic or polycyclic, having 3 to 10 carbon atoms Cyclic groups may be formed.
- the 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-ethanediyl group (hereinafter, may be referred to as "(-CH (CF 3 )-) group”) has a benzene ring. Includes a structure of "benzene ring-CH (CF 3) -benzene ring” linked with. Due to this structure (particularly -CH (CF 3 )-), the curable resin of the present embodiment includes the epoxy resin described in Patent Document 1 (including the structure represented by -C (CF 3 ) 2-) and It is considered that the main chain is moderately flexible as compared with the epoxy (meth) acrylate resin described in Patent Document 4.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment is considered to have a relatively low viscosity.
- the fact that the curable resin has a "low viscosity" leads to an advantage that the amount of filler introduced can be easily increased when, for example, a curable resin and a filler (particles) are mixed to prepare a curable resin composition.
- the heat resistance of the resin may be lowered (the glass transition temperature may be lowered).
- the heat resistance (glass transition temperature) of the curable resin of the present embodiment tends to be relatively good. According to the structure in which two benzene rings are connected by a group called "-CH (CF 3 )-" having only one trifluoromethyl group, the balance between low viscosity and heat resistance of the resin is highly compatible. Guessed.
- epoxy resins and epoxy (meth) acrylate resins containing a structure represented by ⁇ C (CF 3 ) 2 ⁇ are Easy to crystallize. This is probably due to the high symmetry of the chemical structure.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment is difficult to crystallize. It is presumed that it is related to the inclusion of a chemical structure with low symmetry of -CH (CF 3)-in the resin.
- the fact that the curable resin of the present embodiment is difficult to crystallize (prone to become amorphous) means that, for example, by using the curable resin of the present embodiment, it is easy to form a homogeneous and isotropic film.
- R 2 is preferably a monovalent group containing an epoxy group or a monovalent group containing an ethylenically unsaturated group from the viewpoint of appropriate curability and the like. More preferably, R 2 is a monovalent group containing a glycidyl group or a monovalent group containing an epoxy (meth) acrylate backbone.
- the "epoxy (meth) acrylate skeleton” means a skeleton formed by adding a carboxy group of (meth) acrylic acid to an epoxy group.
- the curable resin represented by the general formula (1) may be referred to as "epoxy resin".
- R 2 is a monovalent group containing a (meth) acrylate skeleton
- the curable resin represented by the general formula (1) is referred to as "epoxy (meth) acrylate” or “epoxy (meth) acrylate”.
- Acrylate resin may be described.
- R 2 can include the following.
- R 2 is not limited to these.
- R 2 is a monovalent group containing an epoxy group in the general formula (1)
- a curable resin represented by the general formula (2) can be mentioned below.
- R 2 is a monovalent group containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the general formula (1)
- a curable resin represented by the general formula (3) can be mentioned below.
- R 1, m and n are the same as in the general formula (1), two R 3 are each independently a hydrogen or a methyl group.
- examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), include iodine atom (I) and the like.
- F is preferable as the halogen atom. F is particularly useful when electrical properties such as low dielectric constant and / or low dielectric loss tangent are required.
- m in the general formula (1) may be 1 to 4 in terms of the balance between the low viscosity and various characteristics.
- m is, for example, 1 or 2
- R 1 is preferably a fluorine atom or a methyl group.
- the curable resin represented by the general formulas (5), (6), and (7) described later is a curable resin having m of 1 or more.
- n is the same as that of the general formula (1).
- the curable resin of the present embodiment may be, for example, two or more curable resins having different n in the general formula (1).
- the curable resin of the present embodiment may be a "mixture" of two or more curable resins having different n in the general formula (1).
- the curable resin of the present embodiment is a curable resin in which n is 0 and n is 1 to 40 (more preferably 1 to 20, still more preferably 1 to 10) in the general formula (1). Includes certain curable resins. By using such a curable resin, it is possible to achieve both low viscosity and heat resistance at a higher level.
- the curable resin in which n is 0 contributes particularly to low viscosity because of its small molecular weight, and the curable resin in which n is 1 to 40 particularly contributes to the improvement of heat resistance. Combined with these contributions, it is considered that low viscosity and heat resistance are more highly compatible.
- the ratio of those having n of 0 is , It is preferably 10 to 95%, more preferably 20 to 95% of the total curable resin represented by the general formula (1). This ratio can be obtained from each peak area of the graph when the curable resin is measured by liquid chromatography (LC).
- LC liquid chromatography
- Total chlorine content The total amount of chlorine in the curable resin of the present embodiment is preferably 0 to 4000 ppm, more preferably 0 to 2000 ppm. When the total amount of chlorine is not too large, for example, the problem of corrosion when applying the curable resin to various applications can be reduced.
- the “total chlorine content” can be measured based on JIS K 7243-3: 2005.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment has a low viscosity as described above.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment can be liquid (has fluidity) at a relatively low temperature.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment can be liquid (has fluidity) at 40 ° C.
- the viscosity of the curable resin (particularly epoxy resin) of the present embodiment at a shear rate of 25 / s and a temperature of 40 ° C. is preferably 25,000 cP or less, more preferably 1000 to 25,000 cP, still more preferably 2000 to. It is 20000 cP.
- the viscosity can be measured by, for example, the apparatus and conditions described in the examples described later.
- the epoxy equivalent of the curable resin (epoxy resin) of the present embodiment is preferably 150 to 100,000 g / equivalent, more preferably 150 to 10000 g / equivalent, and even more preferably 150 to 2000 g / equivalent. When the epoxy equivalent is within a preferable numerical range, appropriate curability can be exhibited.
- the weight average molecular weight of the curable resin of the present embodiment is preferably 100 to 500,000, more preferably 100 to 100,000, and even more preferably 100 to 10,000.
- the number average molecular weight is preferably 100 to 100,000, more preferably 100 to 10,000, and even more preferably 100 to 5,000.
- the dispersity is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 20, and even more preferably 1 to 10.
- the weight average molecular weight can be determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard substance.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment may be in the form of powder or in the form of liquid at room temperature (23 ° C.). Incidentally, when the curable resin of the present embodiment is in the form of powder, the powder can be dissolved in an arbitrary solvent and used as a curable resin solution.
- the curable resin (particularly epoxy resin) of the present embodiment preferably contains a bisphenol compound represented by the following general formula (10) as an epihalohydrin (typically epichlorohydrin or epibromohydrin) and a base. It can be produced by reacting in the presence.
- the compound represented by the general formula (10) is, for example, a reaction of trifluoroacetaldehyde ethylhemiacetal with a phenol compound in the presence of Lewis acid (Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 74,377-383 (2001)). Etc., it can be manufactured by adopting a known manufacturing method.
- the amount of epihalohydrin (typically epichlorohydrin or epibromohydrin) used in the reaction is preferably 0.1 to 100 mol, based on 1 mol of the hydroxyl group of the bisphenol compound represented by the general formula (10). It is preferably 1.0 to 50 mol, and more preferably 1.5 to 40 mol.
- Examples of the base used in the reaction usually include alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal alkoxides, alkali metal carbonates, and the like.
- an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide as a base is usually added to the reaction system in the form of a solid or an aqueous solution to make the reaction system "alkaline condition". ..
- the amount of the base added is preferably 0.1 to 50 mol, more preferably 1 to 10 mol, based on 1 mol of the hydroxyl group of the bisphenol compound represented by the general formula (10).
- the reaction can be carried out under normal pressure (0.1 MPa; absolute pressure) or under reduced pressure.
- the reaction temperature is usually 20 to 150 ° C. for a reaction under normal pressure and 30 to 80 ° C. for a reaction under reduced pressure.
- the reaction solution is azeotropically boiled while maintaining a predetermined temperature, the volatilized vapor is cooled, the obtained condensate is separated into oil / water, and the oil content excluding water is transferred to the reaction system. Dehydrate by the method of returning.
- alkali metal hydroxide in order to suppress a rapid reaction, alkali metal hydroxide is usually added to the reaction system intermittently or continuously in small amounts over 0.1 to 10 hours.
- the total reaction time is usually 1 to 15 hours.
- an analytical instrument such as a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (NMR) or liquid chromatography (LC) and set the end point of the reaction when it is confirmed that the reaction conversion rate has reached a predetermined value. ..
- quaternary ammonium salts such as tetramethylammonium chloride and tetraethylammonium bromide; tertiary amines such as benzyldimethylamine and 2,4,6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol; 2-ethyl-4- Imidazoles such as methylimidazole and 2-phenylimidazole; phosphonium salts such as ethyltriphenylphosphonium iodide; catalysts such as phosphines such as triphenylphosphine may be used.
- tertiary amines such as benzyldimethylamine and 2,4,6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol
- 2-ethyl-4- Imidazoles such as methylimidazole and 2-phenylimidazole
- phosphonium salts such as ethyltriphenylphosphonium iodide
- catalysts such as
- alcohols such as ethanol and isopropyl alcohol; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as dioxane and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; glycol ethers such as methoxypropanol; aprotonic polarities such as dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide.
- An inert organic solvent such as a solvent may be used. Only one kind of these organic solvents may be used, or two or more kinds may be mixed and used.
- the amount of saponified halogen in the obtained curable resin may be reprocessed to obtain a purified curable resin in which the amount of saponified halogen is sufficiently reduced.
- an inert organic solvent such as isopropyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, xylene, dioxane, methoxypropanol, or dimethylsulfoxide to prepare a solution.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment (particularly an epoxy (meth) acrylate resin) can be produced by reacting an epoxy resin compound represented by the following general formula (2) with (meth) acrylic acid.
- the epoxy resin compound represented by the general formula (2) can be obtained, for example, by the method described in the above ⁇ Example of a method for producing a curable resin: Part 1>.
- a known catalyst may be used for the reaction between the epoxy resin compound represented by the general formula (2) and (meth) acrylic acid.
- the reaction conditions and the reagents that can be used are not particularly limited, and the knowledge of synthetic chemistry can be appropriately applied. Further, in the reaction and purification, the matters described in the above ⁇ Example of method for producing a curable resin: Part 1> may be applied.
- the reaction conditions between the epoxy resin compound represented by the general formula (2) and (meth) acrylic acid refer to, for example, Synthesis Examples 8 and 9 described below.
- the curable resin of the present embodiment (particularly an epoxy (meth) acrylate resin) can be produced by reacting a bisphenol compound represented by the following general formula (10) with glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
- the method for producing the compound represented by the general formula (10) is as described in ⁇ Example of method for producing a curable resin: Part 1>.
- a known catalyst may be used for the reaction between the compound represented by the general formula (10) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
- the reaction conditions and the reagents that can be used are not particularly limited, and the knowledge of synthetic chemistry can be appropriately applied. Further, in the reaction and purification, the matters described in the above ⁇ Example of method for producing a curable resin: Part 1> may be applied.
- the reaction conditions between the compound represented by the general formula (10) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate refer to, for example, Synthesis Example 10 below.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment contains at least a curable resin represented by the above general formula (1) or the like.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment contains a curable resin represented by the general formula (1) or the like and a curing agent. In this case, the composition is cured by the reaction between the curable resin and the curing agent.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment does not necessarily contain a curing agent. In this case, the curable resin has a high molecular weight due to the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable functional group contained in R 2 of the general formula (1), and the composition is cured.
- the type of the curing agent is not particularly limited.
- the curing agent include amine-based curing agents, acid anhydride-based curing agents, and phenol-based curing agents. These curing agents are particularly preferably used when the curable resin contains an epoxy group.
- amine-based curing agents diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, N-aminoethylpiperazin, isophoronediamine, bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, m-xyli Lipid and alicyclic amines such as rangeamines, 3,9-bis (3-aminopropyl) -2,4,8,10-tetraspiro [5,5] undecane, metaphenylenediamines, diaminodiphenylmethanes, diaminodiphenyls.
- Aromatic amines such as sulfone, benzyldimethylamine, 2,4,6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 1,8-diazabicyclo- (5,4,0) -undecene-7,1,5- Examples thereof include tertiary amines such as diazabicyclo- (4,3,0) -nonen-7 and salts thereof.
- aromatic acid anhydrides such as phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, and pyromellitic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, and hexahydrophthalic anhydride are used.
- aromatic acid anhydrides such as phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, and pyromellitic anhydride
- tetrahydrophthalic anhydride methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride
- hexahydrophthalic anhydride examples thereof include acid, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylendomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, alicyclic acid anhydrides such as trialkyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, and the like.
- phenolic curing agent dihydric phenols such as catechol, resorcin, hydroquinone, bisphenol F, bisphenol A, bisphenol AF, bisphenol S, biphenol, and phenol novolac. , Cresol novolacs, bisphenol A novolacs, trishydroxyphenylmethanes, aralkyl polyphenols, and the like. Multivalent phenols such as dicyclopentadiene polyphenols can also be mentioned as phenolic curing agents.
- imidazole compounds and salts thereof BF 3 complex compounds of amines, aliphatic sulfonium salts, aromatic sulfonium salts, a Bronsted acid salts such as iodonium salts and phosphonium salts, dicyandiamide, adipic acid dihydrazide and phthalic
- a Bronsted acid salts such as iodonium salts and phosphonium salts
- dicyandiamide adipic acid dihydrazide
- phthalic acids such as acid dihydrazide, polycarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid and carboxyl group-containing polyester.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one curing agent, or may contain two or more curing agents having different chemical structures.
- the amount thereof may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the epoxy equivalent of the curable resin (epoxy resin) and the like.
- the amount thereof is about 0.1 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the curable resin (epoxy resin).
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment may contain a curing accelerator.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment may or may not contain a curing agent.
- the bond forming reaction mainly proceeds between the curable resin (epoxy resin) and the curing agent to cure the composition.
- the curable resins (epoxy resins) mainly react with each other (epoxy groups are cationically polymerized) to cure the composition.
- a curing accelerator for general epoxy resins such as tertiary amines, imidazoles, organic phosphine compounds or salts thereof, and metal soaps such as zinc octylate and tin octylate may be used.
- epoxy resins such as tertiary amines, imidazoles, organic phosphine compounds or salts thereof, and metal soaps such as zinc octylate and tin octylate
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one curing accelerator, or may contain two or more curing accelerators having different chemical structures.
- the amount thereof may be appropriately adjusted. Typically, when a curing accelerator is used, the amount thereof is about 0.001 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the curable resin (epoxy resin).
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment may contain a resin (combined resin) other than the curable resin (epoxy resin) represented by the above general formula (1) or the like.
- Examples of the combined resin include an epoxy resin (combined epoxy resin).
- Examples of the combined epoxy resin include bifunctional epoxy resins such as bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol AD type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol F type epoxy resin, and bisphenol A.
- polyfunctional epoxy resin for example, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, cresol novolac type epoxy resin, bisphenol A novolac type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadienephenol type epoxy resin, terpenphenol type epoxy resin, phenol aralkyl type epoxy resin, etc.
- Biphenyl aralkyl type epoxy resin naphthol novolac type epoxy resin
- polyhydric phenol resin obtained by condensation reaction with various aldehydes such as hydroxybenzaldehyde, croton aldehyde, glioxal, petroleum heavy oil or pitches and formaldehyde polymer
- aldehydes such as hydroxybenzaldehyde, croton aldehyde, glioxal, petroleum heavy oil or pitches
- formaldehyde polymer examples thereof include various phenol compounds such as modified phenol resins obtained by polycondensing phenols in the presence of an acid catalyst, epoxy resins produced from epihalohydrin, triglycidyl isocyanurate, and the like.
- various amine compounds such as diaminodiphenylmethane, aminophenol and xylenediamine, and epoxy resins produced from epihalohydrin
- various carboxylic acids such as methylhexahydroxyphthalic acid and dimer acid
- epoxy produced from epihalohydrin various carboxylic acids such as methylhexahydroxyphthalic acid and dimer acid
- Resins, diluents for epoxy resins such as glycidyl ether of aliphatic alcohols, alicyclic epoxy resins typified by 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3', 4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, etc. are also used as combined epoxy resins. Can be mentioned.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one combined resin, or may contain two or more combined resins having different chemical structures.
- the amount thereof is, for example, 1 to 80 parts by mass, preferably 3 to 3 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the curable resin represented by the general formula (1) or the like. It is 50 parts by mass.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment may contain one or more arbitrary components in addition to the above components.
- Optional components include antioxidants, fillers, colorants, resins other than curable resins, curable monomers, oligomers, organic solvents and the like.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment contains a curable resin in which R 2 is a monovalent group containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the general formula (1), the curable resin composition is simply. It is believed that it preferably contains a functional or polyfunctional (meth) acrylate compound.
- antioxidants examples include phenol-based, sulfur-based, and phosphorus-based antioxidants.
- the amount thereof is usually 0.005 to 5 parts by mass, preferably 0.01 to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the curable resin.
- Fillers include metal oxides such as aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide, silicon compounds such as fine powder silica, molten silica and crystalline silica, glass beads, metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide, gold and silver.
- metals such as copper and aluminum, fluororesin powders such as polytetrafluoroethylene particles, carbon, rubbers, kaolin, mica, quartz powder, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, and boron nitride.
- the amount thereof is, for example, 1500 parts by mass or less, preferably 0.1 to 1500 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the curable resin.
- the colorant examples include inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide, molybdenum red, navy blue, ultramarine blue, cadmium yellow, and cadmium red, organic pigments, carbon black, and phosphors.
- inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide, molybdenum red, navy blue, ultramarine blue, cadmium yellow, and cadmium red
- organic pigments carbon black, and phosphors.
- the amount thereof is usually 0.01 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the curable resin.
- the flame retardant examples include antimony trioxide, brom compound, phosphorus compound and the like.
- the amount thereof is usually 0.01 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the curable resin.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment may be in the form of a varnish containing a solvent.
- the solvent is typically an organic solvent.
- Specific examples of the solvent include ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl amyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone, esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and amyl acetate, ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, N and N.
- -Amides such as dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, and the like can be mentioned as one or more.
- the curable resin composition of the present embodiment contains a curable resin in which R 2 is a monovalent group containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the general formula (1)
- the curable resin composition is a radical. It preferably contains a polymerization initiator.
- radical polymerization initiator examples include 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, and 2,2'-azobis [2- (5-methyl-). 2-Imidazoline-2-yl) Propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) disulfate, 2,2'-azobis (N, N'-dimethyleneisobutyramidin), 2, Examples thereof include azo-based initiators such as 2'-azobis [N- (2-carboxyethyl) -2-methylpropion amidine] hydrate (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., VA-057).
- persulfates such as potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate, di (2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate, di (4-t-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate, di-sec-butylperoxydicarbonate, t.
- t-butylperoxyneodecanoate t-hexylperoxypivalate, t-butylperoxypivalate, dilauroyl peroxide, di-n-octanoyl peroxide, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl Peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, di (4-methylbenzoyl) peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxyisobutyrate, 1,1-di (t-hexyl peroxy) cyclohexane, t-butyl Peroxide-based initiators such as hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide can also be mentioned.
- the polymerization initiator is not limited to these. Only one polymerization initiator may be used, or two or more polymerization initiators may be used in combination.
- the curable resin composition may contain a photoradical polymerization initiator.
- the photoradical polymerization initiator include benzophenone type, benzoin type, acetophenone type, thioxanthone type, alkylphenone type, acylphosphine oxide type titanosen type, oxime ester type, oxyphenylacetic acid ester type, and cationic type.
- triethanolamine methyldiethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, 4,4-dimethylaminobenzophenone, ethyl 4,4-diethylaminobenzoate, isoamyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate (n-butoxy) , 2-Ethylhexyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, triphenylamine and the like.
- initiators such as arylalkyl ketones, oxime ketones, S-phenyl thiobenzoate, titanosen, aromatic ketones, thioxanthones, benzylquinone derivatives, ketocoumarins and the like can also be mentioned.
- a cured product can be obtained by curing the curable resin composition of the present embodiment. Curing can be done by light and / or heat. More specifically, the curable resin composition is usually heated at 100 to 200 ° C. for 0.1 to 20 minutes. As a result, a cured product can be obtained. In order to improve the curing performance, "post-curing" may be performed at 70 to 200 ° C. for 0.1 to 10 hours.
- the form of the cured product can be a molded product, a laminated product, a cast product, a film, a base resin for a biomaterial, or the like.
- a cured product which is a molded product can be obtained by molding a curable resin composition by casting, transfer molding, injection molding, or the like, and heating at 30 to 250 ° C. for 30 seconds to 10 hours. .. More specifically, the above-mentioned curable resin composition can be used as a material for sealing electronic components.
- a base material preferably a fiber base material
- a base material such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, or paper.
- a curable material for lamination can be produced.
- This curable material for lamination can be suitably used for manufacturing a printed wiring board such as a multilayer electric laminated board, a build-up laminated board, and a flexible laminated board.
- the curable resin / curable resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably used for manufacturing electronic devices.
- the curable resin having the structure represented by the general formula (1) has a low viscosity.
- the amount of filler introduced By increasing the amount of filler introduced, it is easy to improve the characteristics of the final cured product (particularly, electrical and magnetic characteristics).
- the fact that the curable resin having the structure represented by the general formula (1) has a low viscosity means that (i) the curable resin composition is applied or impregnated to the substrate in the curable material for lamination. However, it leads to merits such as facilitation and (ii) sufficient coating and impregnation even if the amount of the curable resin composition used is small.
- the cured product tends to have a low dielectric constant and a low dielectric loss tangent because the structure represented by the general formula (1) contains fluorine.
- the curable resin / curable resin composition / cured product of the present embodiment is considered to be useful for manufacturing electronic devices.
- a laminated board material can be mentioned. That is, a laminated board material comprising the curable resin composition of the present embodiment or the cured product of the curable resin composition of the present embodiment can be mentioned as a preferable application application. More specifically, the laminated board material includes (i) a layer containing the curable resin composition of the present embodiment or a cured product of the curable resin composition of the present embodiment, and (ii) a conductive metal layer. And. As a more specific example, the laminated board material includes (i) a layer containing the curable resin composition of the present embodiment or the cured product of the curable resin composition of the present embodiment, and (ii) conductivity. Examples thereof include a structure in which metal layers and metal layers are alternately laminated.
- an electronic component encapsulation containing the curable resin composition of the present embodiment or the cured product of the curable resin composition of the present embodiment As another example of specific application of the curable resin composition of the present embodiment, an electronic component encapsulation containing the curable resin composition of the present embodiment or the cured product of the curable resin composition of the present embodiment.
- the material can be mentioned. More specifically, as the electronic component encapsulant, the curable resin composition of the present embodiment and / or the cured product of the curable resin composition of the present embodiment have various uses and desired properties. In addition, various curing agents, fillers, pigments and the like are blended, and after mixing, they are crushed or processed into a suitable shape.
- the flask was heated in a water bath at 65 ° C. and held for 30 minutes to complete the reaction. After the reaction was completed, 20 g of methyl isobutyl ketone was added to the flask, and the organic layer was washed 3 times with 20 g of water. Then, the organic layer was recovered by an extraction operation. The organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator to obtain 3.1 g of the target epoxy resin.
- the organic layer recovered by the extraction operation was washed twice with 100 g of water, and then the organic layer was recovered by the extraction operation.
- the recovered organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator to obtain 60.5 g of the target epoxy resin.
- the flask was heated in a water bath at 65 ° C. and held for 30 minutes to complete the reaction.
- the organic layer was recovered by a liquid separation operation, and the recovered organic layer was concentrated by an evaporator. 20 g of methyl isobutyl ketone was added to the concentrated organic layer, and the mixture was further washed twice with 20 g of water. Then, the organic layer was recovered by an extraction operation. The organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator to obtain 2.5 g of the target epoxy resin.
- the solid content concentration is specified for some curable resins (epoxy (meth) acrylate resins). This solid content concentration was calculated from the ratio of the raw materials other than the solvent used in the reaction to the total mass including the solvent. Twice
- the area of each peak when the area of the entire chart is 100 is shown in the column of "LC area%" in the table below.
- ⁇ Viscosity measurement of curable resin 100 ° C or 25 ° C>
- the viscosity of the curable resin was measured under 1 atm using a rotational viscometer (manufactured by ANTONPAAR, product name: PHYSICAMCR51, measuring cone CP50-1).
- the device settings were as follows. The viscosities at a shear rate of 1000 [1 / s] in this measurement are shown in the table below.
- Shear velocity Change with logarithmic ascent / descent (start 10 [1 / s] -end 1000 [1 / s]) ⁇ Measurement interval: logarithm (start 90 seconds-3 end) ⁇ Measurement point: 21 -Temperature: 100 ° C (epoxy resin), 25 ° C (epoxy (meth) acrylate resin)
- ⁇ Viscosity measurement of curable resin 40 ° C>
- the viscosity at 40 ° C. was also measured. Specifically, in the above ⁇ Viscosity measurement of curable resin: 100 ° C.>, the viscosity at a shear rate of 25 [1 / s] when the heating temperature is changed from 100 ° C. to 40 ° C. is shown in the table below. show.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1> First, two types of curable resin compositions having the compositions shown in Table 2 were prepared.
- the curing agent and the curing accelerator are as follows.
- -Curing agent Methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (acid anhydride equivalent 165 g / equivalent)
- -Curing accelerator tributyl (ethyl) phosphonium diethyl phosphate (1% by mass with respect to the amount of acid anhydride)
- the glass transition temperature of each cured product was measured by a differential scanning calorimeter.
- the glass transition temperature was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Corporation, model name DSC7000) at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min.
- the glass transition temperature of the cured product of Example 1 was 137 ° C
- the glass transition temperature of the cured product of Comparative Example 1 was 138 ° C. That is, in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the glass transition temperature (index of heat resistance) of the cured product was almost the same. Together with the viscosity measurement results described above, it is understood that the epoxy resin of the present embodiment "has good heat resistance despite its low viscosity".
- Example 2 ⁇ Preparation and Evaluation of Curable Resin Composition (Containing Curing Agent): Example 2 and Comparative Example 2> First, a curable resin composition having the composition shown in the table below was prepared.
- the bisphenol A type epoxy resin, curing agent, curing accelerator and solvent are as follows.
- -Curing agent Phenol novolac: HF-1M (Meiwakasei, hydroxyl group equivalent 107 g / equivalent)
- -Curing accelerator triphenylphosphine (0.7% by mass with respect to the mass of epoxy resin)
- -Bisphenol A type epoxy resin EPICLON860 (manufactured by DIC, epoxy equivalent 242 g / equivalent)
- Solvent Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether
- the obtained curable resin composition was filtered through a filter having a pore size of 0.2 ⁇ m. Then, it was applied to a stainless steel substrate (length 50 mm, width 50 mm, thickness 0.5 mm) by spin coating, and heated at 160 ° C. for 2 hours on a hot plate and further at 180 ° C. for 6 hours in an oven. After heating, it was naturally cooled to obtain a cured film having a film thickness of about 10 ⁇ m on a stainless steel substrate.
- Gold was vapor-deposited on the surface of the cured film on the obtained stainless steel substrate using a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus (manufactured by Sanyu Electronics, SC-701CT / QUICK / CARBON / COATER and SC-MC / QUICK / COOL / COATER). Then, the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent of the cured film were measured using an impedance measuring device (Agilent Technology, 4294A, Precision Impedance Analyzer, 40 Hz-110 MHz, Measuring jig: Keysite, 16451B). The smaller the dielectric constant ( ⁇ ), the shorter the signal delay time in an integrated circuit, which is preferable. Further, the smaller the dielectric loss tangent (tan ⁇ ), the smaller the signal attenuation in an integrated circuit, which is preferable.
- the cured product of Example 2 has a dielectric constant (1 MHz) of 3.23 and a dielectric loss tangent (1 MHz) of 0.0317, and the cured product of Comparative Example 2 has a dielectric constant (1 MHz) of 3.52 and a dielectric loss tangent (1 MHz). ) was 0.0318. That is, it is understood that the cured epoxy resin of Example 2 containing fluorine has better dielectric properties than the cured epoxy resin of Comparative Example 2 containing no fluorine. Twice
- 3 g of the obtained curable resin composition was weighed in a 51 mm ⁇ aluminum cup container and heated on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes and then at 150 ° C. for 2 hours. From the above, a cured product was obtained.
- the glass transition temperature of the cured product was measured by a differential scanning calorimeter.
- the glass transition temperature was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Corporation, model name DSC7000) at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min.
- the glass transition temperature of the cured product was 138 ° C. From this result, it is understood that a cured product having the same heat resistance as that of Example 1 (with a curing agent) can be obtained without using a curing agent.
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Abstract
Description
本明細書中、「(メタ) アクリレート」との表記は、アクリレート及びメタクリレート化合物の両方を表す。同様に、「(メタ) アクリル酸」との表記は、アクリル酸及びメタクリル酸の両方を表す。その他の類似の表記についても同様である。
本明細書における「電子デバイス」の語は、半導体チップ、半導体素子、プリント配線基板、電気回路ディスプレイ装置、情報通信端末、発光ダイオード、物理電池、化学電池など、電子工学の技術が適用された素子、デバイス、最終製品等を包含する意味で用いられる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂は、以下一般式(1)で表される。
R1は一価の置換基を表し、
mは0~4であり、
nは0~40であり、
R2は、それぞれ独立に、重合性官能基を含む1価の基である。
R1のアルコキシ基は限定されないが、炭素数1~6の直鎖または分岐のアルコキシ基であることが好ましく、中でもn-ブトキシ基、s-ブトキシ基、イソブトキシ基、t-ブトキシ基、n-プロポキシ基、i-プロポキシ基、エトキシ基及びメトキシ基が好ましく、特にエトキシ基とメトキシ基が好ましい。
R1のアルキル基やアルコキシ基はその任意の炭素上に、例えばハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基及び、ハロアルコキシ基が任意の数かつ任意の組み合わせで置換されたものであってもよい。さらに、一般式(1)中のR1の数が2以上である場合、2つ以上のR1が連結して、飽和または不飽和の、単環または多環の、炭素数3~10の環式基を形成してもよい。
硬化性樹脂が「低粘度である」ことは、例えば、硬化性樹脂とフィラー(粒子)とを混合して硬化性樹脂組成物を調製する場合に、フィラー導入量を増やしやすいというメリットにつながる。
付言するに、本発明者らの知見として、特許文献1などに記載されているような、-C(CF3)2-で表される構造を含むエポキシ樹脂やエポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂は、結晶化しやすい。これは、おそらくは化学構造の対称性が高いためと考えられる。一方、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂は、結晶化しにくい。-CH(CF3)-という対称性が低い化学構造を樹脂中に含むことが関係していると推測される。本実施形態の硬化性樹脂が結晶化しにくい(アモルファスとなりやすい)ということは、例えば、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂を用いることで、均質で等方的な膜を形成しやすいことを意味する。
R2は、適度な硬化性などの観点から、好ましくは、エポキシ基を含む1価の基であるか、または、エチレン性不飽和基を含む1価の基である。
より好ましくは、R2は、グリシジル基を含む1価の基であるか、または、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート骨格を含む1価の基である。「エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート骨格」とは、(メタ)アクリル酸のカルボキシ基がエポキシ基に付加して形成された骨格のことを意味する。
ちなみに、本明細書において、R2がエポキシ基を含む1価の基である場合、一般式(1)で表される硬化性樹脂を「エポキシ樹脂」と表記することがある。また、本明細書において、R2が(メタ)アクリレート骨格を含む1価の基である場合、一般式(1)で表される硬化性樹脂を「エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート」または「エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂」と表記することがある。
好ましくは、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂は、一般式(1)において、nが0である硬化性樹脂と、nが1~40(より好ましくは1~20、さらに好ましくは1~10)である硬化性樹脂と、を含む。このような硬化性樹脂を用いることで、低粘度であることと耐熱性とをより高度に両立させうる。すなわち、nが0である硬化性樹脂は分子量が小さいため低粘度であることに特に貢献し、nが1~40である硬化性樹脂は特に耐熱性向上に貢献する。これら貢献が相まって、低粘度であることと耐熱性とがより高度に両立されると考えられる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂の全塩素量は、好ましくは0~4000ppm、より好ましくは0~2000ppmである。全塩素量が大きすぎないことにより、例えば、硬化性樹脂を種々の用途に適用する際の腐食の問題を低減することができる。
「全塩素量」は、JIS K 7243-3:2005に基づき測定することができる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂は、上述のように低粘度である。この点で、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂は、比較的低温において液状である(流動性を有する)ことができる。
具体的には、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂は、40℃において液状である(流動性を有する)ことができる。さらに具体的には、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂(特にエポキシ樹脂)の、せん断速度25/s、温度40℃における粘度は、好ましくは25000cP以下、より好ましくは1000~25000cP、更に好ましくは2000~20000cPである。
粘度の測定は、例えば、後掲の実施例に記載された装置・条件により行うことができる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂(エポキシ樹脂)のエポキシ当量は、好ましくは150~100000g/当量、より好ましくは150~10000g/当量、さらに好ましくは150~2000g/当量である。エポキシ当量が好ましい数値範囲内にあることで、適度な硬化性を発現しうる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂の重量平均分子量は、好ましくは100~500000、より好ましくは100~100000、さらに好ましくは100~10000である。数平均分子量は、好ましくは100~100000、より好ましくは100~10000、さらに好ましくは100~5000である。分散度は、好ましくは1~50、より好ましくは1~20、さらに好ましくは1~10である。重量平均分子量は、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC) により、ポリスチレンを標準物質として求めることができる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂は、室温(23℃)において粉体状であってもよいし、液体状であってもよい。ちなみに、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂が粉体状である場合、粉体を任意の溶媒に溶かして硬化性樹脂溶液として用いることもできる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂(特にエポキシ樹脂)は、好ましくは、以下一般式(10)で表されるビスフェノール化合物を、エピハロヒドリン(典型的にはエピクロロヒドリンまたはエピブロモヒドリン)と塩基の存在下で反応させることで製造することができる。
塩基の添加量は、一般式(10)で表されるビスフェノール化合物の水酸基1molに対し、好ましくは0.1~50mol、より好ましくは1~10molである。
反応においては、必要に応じて所定の温度を保持しながら反応液を共沸させ、揮発する蒸気を冷却して得られた凝縮液を油/水分離し、水分を除いた油分を反応系へ戻す方法により脱水する。
アルカリ金属水酸化物の添加については、急激な反応を抑えるために、通常、0.1~10時間かけて少量ずつ断続的もしくは連続的に反応系にアルカリ金属水酸化物を添加する。
全反応時間は、通常、1~15時間である。反応については、核磁気共鳴装置(NMR)や液体クロマトグラフィー(LC)等の分析機器を使用し、反応変換率が所定の値に達したのを確認した時点で反応の終点とするのが好ましい。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂(特にエポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂)は、以下一般式(2)で表されるエポキシ樹脂化合物を、(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させることにより製造することができる。
一般式(2)で表されるエポキシ樹脂化合物と、(メタ)アクリル酸との反応には、公知の触媒を用いてもよい。その他、反応条件や使用可能な試薬などは特に制限されず、合成化学の知見を適宜適用することができる。また、反応や精製に際して、上記<硬化性樹脂の製造方法の例:その1>に記載した事項を適用してもよい。
一般式(2)で表されるエポキシ樹脂化合物と、(メタ)アクリル酸との反応条件の具体例としては、例えば後掲の合成例8および9を参照されたい。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂(特にエポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂)は、以下一般式(10)で表されるビスフェノール化合物を、(メタ)アクリル酸グリシジルと反応させることにより製造することができる。
一般式(10)で表される化合物と、(メタ)アクリル酸グリシジルとの反応には、公知の触媒を用いてもよい。その他、反応条件や使用可能な試薬などは特に制限されず、合成化学の知見を適宜適用することができる。また、反応や精製に際して、上記<硬化性樹脂の製造方法の例:その1>に記載した事項を適用してもよい。
一般式(10)で表される化合物と、(メタ)アクリル酸グリシジルとの反応条件の具体例としては、例えば後掲の合成例10を参照されたい。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物は、少なくとも、上記の一般式(1)等で表される硬化性樹脂を含む。
一例として、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物は、一般式(1)等で表される硬化性樹脂と、硬化剤とを含む。この場合、硬化性樹脂と硬化剤とが反応することで、組成物は硬化する。
別の例として、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物は、必ずしも硬化剤を含まない。この場合、一般式(1)のR2が含む重合性官能基の重合反応により、硬化性樹脂が高分子量化して、組成物が硬化する。
硬化性樹脂組成物が硬化剤を含む場合、硬化剤の種類は特に限定されない。硬化剤としては、例えばアミン系硬化剤、酸無水物系硬化剤、フェノール系硬化剤などを挙げることができる。これら硬化剤は、特に、硬化性樹脂がエポキシ基を含む場合に好ましく用いられる。
ジシクロペンタジエンポリフェノ-ル類等の多価フェノール類も、フェノール系硬化剤として挙げることができる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物が硬化剤を含む場合、その量は、硬化性樹脂(エポキシ樹脂)のエポキシ当量などを踏まえて適宜調整すればよい。典型的には、硬化剤を用いる場合、その量は、硬化性樹脂(エポキシ樹脂)100質量部に対して0.1~100質量部程度である。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物は、硬化促進剤を含むことができる。この場合、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物は、硬化剤を含んでもよいし、含まなくてもよい。前者の場合は、主として硬化性樹脂(エポキシ樹脂)と硬化剤との間で結合形成反応が進行して組成物が硬化すると考えられる。後者の場合は、主として硬化性樹脂(エポキシ樹脂)同士が反応して(エポキシ基がカチオン重合して)組成物が硬化すると考えられる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物が硬化促進剤を含む場合、その量は適宜調整すればよい。典型的には、硬化促進剤を用いる場合、その量は、硬化性樹脂(エポキシ樹脂)100質量部に対して0.001~10質量部程度である。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物は、上記の一般式(1)等で表される硬化性樹脂(エポキシ樹脂)以外の樹脂(併用樹脂)を含んでもよい。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物が併用樹脂を含む場合、その量は、一般式(1)等で表される硬化性樹脂100質量部に対し、例えば1~80質量部、好ましくは3~50質量部である。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物は、上記成分のほか、任意の成分を1または2以上含むことができる。任意の成分としては、酸化防止剤、充填剤(フィラー)、着色剤、硬化性樹脂以外の樹脂、硬化性モノマー、オリゴマー、有機溶剤などが挙げられる。
ちなみに、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物が、一般式(1)においてR2がエチレン性不飽和基を含む1価の基である硬化性樹脂を含む場合、硬化性樹脂組成物は、単官能または多官能(メタ)アクリレート化合物を含むことが好ましいと考えられる。
充填剤(フィラー)を用いる場合、その量は、硬化性樹脂100質量部に対して、例えば1500質量部以下、好ましくは0.1~1500質量部である。
着色剤を用いる場合、その量は、硬化性樹脂100質量部に対して、通常0.01~30質量部である。
溶剤として具体的には、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルアミルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン類、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、酢酸アミル等のエステル類、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル等のエーテル類、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド等のアミド類、メタノール、エタノール等のアルコール類、トルエン、キシレン等の炭化水素系類、等のうち、1または2以上を挙げることができる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物が、特に、一般式(1)においてR2がエチレン性不飽和基を含む1価の基である硬化性樹脂を含む場合、硬化性樹脂組成物は、ラジカル重合開始剤を含むことが好ましい。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させることで、硬化物を得ることができる。硬化は、光および/または熱により行うことができる。
より具体的には、硬化性樹脂組成物を、通常、100~200℃で0.1~20分間加熱する。これにより硬化物を得ることができる。硬化性能の向上を図るために、70~200℃で0.1~10時間の範囲で「後硬化」を行ってもよい。
一例として、硬化性樹脂組成物を、注型あるいはトランスファー成形、射出成形等により成形し、そして30~250℃で30秒~10時間加熱することにより、成形体である硬化物を得ることができる。より具体的には、電子部品の封止用材料として上記の硬化性樹脂組成物を用いることができる。
別の例として、ガラス繊維、カーボン繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維、紙等の基材(好ましくは繊維基材)に、上記の硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布するか、かつ/または含浸させる等により、積層用硬化性材料を製造することができる。この積層用硬化性材料は、多層電気積層板や、ビルドアップ積層板、フレキシブル積層板等のプリント配線板の製造に好適に使用できる。
要するに、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂/硬化性樹脂組成物は、電子デバイスの製造に好ましく用いられる。
また、一般式(1)で表される構造を有する硬化性樹脂が低粘度であることは、積層用硬化性材料においては、(i)硬化性樹脂組成物の、基材への塗布や含浸が、容易となる、(ii)硬化性樹脂組成物の使用量が少量であっても十分な塗布や含浸が可能、といったメリットにつながる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物の具体的適用の例として、積層板材料を挙げることができる。すなわち、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物、もしくは、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物、を備える積層板材料を、好ましい応用用途として挙げることができる。
より具体的には、積層板材料は、(i)本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物、もしくは、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物を含む層と、(ii)導電性金属層と、を備える。さらに具体的な例としては、積層板材料は、(i)本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物、もしくは、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物を含む層と、(ii)導電性金属層と、を交互に積層した構成としたものが挙げられる。
本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物の具体的適用の別の例として、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物、もしくは、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物、を含む電子部品封止材を挙げることができる。
より具体的には、電子部品封止材としては、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物、および/または、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物に、各種用途や目的とする特性に合わせて、種々の硬化剤、フィラー、顔料等を配合し、混合後に粉砕もしくは相応の形状に加工したものが挙げられる。
攪拌機、滴下ロートおよび温度計を備えた500mLガラス製フラスコに、1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン60g(0.22モル)、エピクロロヒドリン248.6g(1.48モル)、イソプロパノール97.0g、水35.0gを仕込み、ウォーターバスで内温40℃に加熱した。その後、48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液43.0g(0.51モル)を1.5時間かけてフラスコ内に滴下しながら、フラスコ内を65℃まで昇温した。さらにその後、フラスコ内を65℃に保ちながら1時間保持し反応を完了させた。そして、分液操作で有機層を回収し、エバポレーターで濃縮した。
上記で回収し濃縮された有機層に、メチルイソブチルケトン150gと48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液2.1g(25ミリモル)を加えた。その後、65℃で1時間攪拌し、さらにその後、水50gを加えた。そして、10質量%リン酸二水素ナトリウム水溶液2.5gで水層がpH7となるよう中和した。抽出操作で回収した有機層を水120gで2回洗浄し、その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂78.5gを得た。
[物性データ]1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(4-グリシジルオキシフェニル)エタン:
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,Si(CH3)4)δ(ppm):2.60-2.67(2H,m),2.75-2.82(2H,m),3.20-3.30(2H,m),3.70-3.85(2H,m),4.20-4.30(2H,m),4.70-4.85(1H,m),6.83-6.95(4H,m),7.23-7.35(4H,m)
19F-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,CFCl3)δ(ppm):-65.8(3F,d,J=8.7Hz)
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(3-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン2.37g(8.0ミリモル)、エピクロロヒドリン7.4g(80ミリモル)、イソプロパノール3.0gを仕込んだ。そして、フラスコ内に、室温下で48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1.5g(18ミリモル)を10分かけて滴下した。その後、フラスコを65℃のウォーターバスで加熱して30分保持し反応を完了させた。
反応完了後、フラスコ内にメチルイソブチルケトン20gを加え、有機層を水20gで3回洗浄した。その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂3.1gを得た。
[物性データ]1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(3-メチル-4-グリシジルオキシフェニル)エタン:
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,Si(CH3)4)δ(ppm):2.17(6H,s),2.65-2.69(2H,m),2.77-2.81(2H,m),3.42-3.29(2H,m),3.78-3.85(2H,m),4.23-4.29(2H,m),4.60-4.75(1H,m),6.81-6.87(2H,m),7.13-7.21(4H,m)
19F-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,CFCl3)δ(ppm):-65.7(3F,d,J=11.6Hz)
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた500mLガラス製フラスコに、1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(3,5-ジメチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン50g(0.15モル)、エピクロロヒドリン171.0g(1.85モル)、イソプロパノール66.7g、水23.9gを仕込み、ウォーターバスで内温40℃に加熱した。その後、48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液29.5g(0.35モル)を1.5時間かけてフラスコ内に滴下しながら、フラスコ内を65℃まで昇温した。さらにその後、フラスコ内を65℃に保ちながら1時間保持し反応を完了させた。そして、分液操作で有機層を回収し、エバポレーターで濃縮した。
上記で回収し濃縮された有機層に、メチルイソブチルケトン102gと48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1.4g(17ミリモル)を加えた。その後、65℃で1時間攪拌し、さらにその後、水50g、10質量%リン酸二水素ナトリウム水溶液2.0gで水層がpH7となるよう中和した。抽出操作で回収した有機層を水100gで2回洗浄し、その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂60.5gを得た。
[物性データ]1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(3,5-ジメチル-4-グリシジルオキシフェニル)エタン:
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,Si(CH3)4)δ(ppm):2.20(12H,s),2.56-2.60(2H,m),2.75-2.80(2H,m),3.24-3.31(2H,m),3.52-3.59(2H,m),4.00-4.08(2H,m),4.53-4.73(1H,m),7.08(4H,s)
19F-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,CFCl3)δ(ppm):-65.4(3F,d,J=11.6Hz)
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(3-フルオロ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン2.43g(8.0ミリモル)、エピクロロヒドリン7.4g(80ミリモル)、イソプロパノール3.0gを仕込んだ。そして、フラスコ内に、室温下で48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1.5g(18ミリモル)を10分かけて滴下した。その後、フラスコを65℃のウォーターバスで加熱して30分保持し反応を完了させた。
反応完了後、分液操作で有機層を回収し、その回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮した。その濃縮した有機層にメチルイソブチルケトン20gを加え、さらに水20gで2回洗浄した。その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂2.5gを得た。
[物性データ]1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(3-フルオロ-4-グリシジルオキシフェニル)エタン:
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,Si(CH3)4)δ(ppm):2.60-2.70(2H,m),2.75-2.85(2H,m),3.20-3.35(2H,m),3.80-3.90(2H,m),4.30-4.40(2H,m),4.70-4.90(1H,m),7.02-7.21(6H,s)
19F-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,CFCl3)δ(ppm):-66.2(3F,d,J=11.6Hz),-133.8(2F,t,J=11.6Hz)
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた100mLガラス製フラスコに、1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン23.8g(89ミリモル)、エピクロロヒドリン17.3g(0.19モル)、水47.5gを仕込み、ウォーターバスで内温50℃に加熱した。その後、25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液水33.9g(0.21モル)を20分かけてフラスコ内に滴下しながら、内温80℃まで昇温した。その後、フラスコ内を80℃に保ちながら30分保持し反応を完了させた。その後、フラスコ内にメチルイソブチルケトン90gを加えて、抽出操作で回収した有機層を、水60gで洗浄した。そして、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、粗エポキシ樹脂32.2gを得た。
得られた粗エポキシ樹脂に、メチルイソブチルケトン60.8gと48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液0.57g(6.8ミリモル)を加え、65℃で1時間攪拌した。その後、メチルイソブチルケトン34g、水31g、10質量%リン酸二水素ナトリウム水溶液5.0gで水層がpH7となるよう中和した。抽出操作で回収した有機層を、水60gで洗浄し、その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂30.1gを得た。
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた100mLガラス製フラスコに、1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(3-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン26.3g(89ミリモル)、エピクロロヒドリン17.3g(0.19モル)、水47.5gを仕込み、ウォーターバスで内温50℃に加熱した。その後、25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液水33.9g(0.21モル)を20分かけて滴下しながら、内温80℃まで昇温した。その後、フラスコ内を80℃に保ちながら30分保持し反応を完了させた。
反応完了後、フラスコ内にメチルイソブチルケトン90gを加えて、抽出操作で回収した有機層を、水60gで洗浄した。その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、粗エポキシ樹脂34.7gを得た。
得られた粗エポキシ樹脂に、メチルイソブチルケトン60.8gと48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液0.57g(6.8ミリモル)を加えた後、65℃で1時間攪拌した。その後、メチルイソブチルケトン34g、水30g、10質量%リン酸二水素ナトリウム水溶液4.8gで水層がpH7となるよう中和した。抽出操作で回収した有機層を、水60gで洗浄し、その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂33.8gを得た。
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた100mLガラス製フラスコに、1,1,1-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(3-フルオロ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン20.0g(66ミリモル)、エピクロロヒドリン12.8g(0.14モル)、水35.1gを仕込み、ウォーターバスで内温40℃に加熱した。その後、25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液水25.3g(0.16モル)を20分かけてフラスコ内に滴下しながら、内温80℃まで昇温した。その後、フラスコ内を80℃に保ちながら30分保持し反応を完了させた。その後、フラスコ内にメチルイソブチルケトン67gを加えて、抽出操作で回収した有機層を水44gで洗浄した。そして、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、粗エポキシ樹脂を得た。
得られた粗エポキシ樹脂に、メチルイソブチルケトン45gと48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液0.42g(5.1ミリモル)を加えた後、65℃で1時間攪拌した。その後、メチルイソブチルケトン25g、水22g、10質量%リン酸二水素ナトリウム水溶液5.2gで水層がpH7となるよう中和した。抽出操作で回収した有機層を、水44gで洗浄し、その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂28.8gを得た。
攪拌機、還流冷却器および温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、合成例1で得られたエポキシ樹脂5.0g(エポキシ当量200g/当量)と、アクリル酸1.8g
(25ミリモル)、ハイドロキノン10mg、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート3.1g、トリフェニルホスフィン50mgを仕込んだ。フラスコ内に乾燥空気を10mL/分で導入しながら、オイルバスを用いて内温110℃に昇温して2時間反応させた。その後、内温120℃に昇温してさらに5時間反応させて反応を完結させた。冷却後、目的のエポキシアクリレート樹脂を含む溶液を得た。
[物性データ]
数平均分子量(Mn)=696、重量平均分子量(Mw)=864、多分散度(Mw/Mn)=1.2
固形分濃度=69質量%
攪拌機、還流冷却器および温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、合成例1で得られたエポキシ樹脂5.0g(エポキシ当量200g/当量)と、メタクリル酸2.2g(25ミリモル)、ハイドロキノン10mg、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート3.2g、トリフェニルホスフィン50mgを仕込んだ。フラスコ内に乾燥空気を10mL/分で導入しながら、オイルバスを用いて内温110℃に昇温して2時間反応させた。その後、内温120℃に昇温してさらに14時間反応させて反応を完結させた。冷却後、目的のエポキシメタクリレート樹脂を含む溶液を得た。
[物性データ]
数平均分子量(Mn)=766、重量平均分子量(Mw)=1095、多分散度(Mw/Mn)=1.4
固形分濃度=69質量%
攪拌機、還流冷却器および温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、1,1,1
-トリフルオロ-2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン3.0g(11ミリモル)と、メタクリル酸グリシジル3.0g(22ミリモル)、テトラエチルアンモニウムブロミド0.5g(2ミリモル)、ハイドロキノン10mgを仕込んだ。フラスコ内に乾燥空気を10mL/分で導入しながら、オイルバスを用いて内温120℃に昇温して1時間反応させた。そして、目的のエポキシメタクリレート樹脂を含む溶液を得た。
[物性データ]
数平均分子量(Mn)=687、重量平均分子量(Mw)=782、多分散度(Mw/Mn)=1.1
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた1Lガラス製フラスコに、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン96.9g(0.29モル)、エピクロロヒドリン320.0g(3.46モル)、イソプロパノール125.0g、水45.0gを仕込み、ウォーターバスで内温40℃に加熱した。その後、48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液55.2g(0.66モル)を1.5時間かけてフラスコ内に滴下しながら、フラスコ内を65℃まで昇温した。さらにその後、フラスコ内を65℃に保ちながら1時間保持し反応を完了させた。そして、分液操作で有機層を回収し、エバポレーターで濃縮した。
上記で回収し濃縮された有機層に、メチルイソブチルケトン194gと48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液2.7g(33ミリモル)を加えた。その後、65℃で1時間攪拌し、さらにその後、水97g、10質量%リン酸二水素ナトリウム水溶液4.7gで水層がpH7となるよう中和した。抽出操作で回収した有機層に、メチルイソブチルケトン97gを加えて、水196gで2回洗浄し、その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂127.8gを得た。
・モノマー合成
圧力計、温度計保護管、挿入管、そして攪拌モーターを備えた100mLステンレス鋼製オートクレーブ反応器内に、オルトクレゾール32.4g(0.30モル)、ヘキサフルオロアセトン24.9g(0.15モル)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸27.0g(0.18モル)を仕込んだ。そして、反応器を100℃のオイルバスで加熱し、18時間で反応を完結させた。
室温に冷却後、反応器内に500gの酢酸エチルを加えて固体生成物を溶解し、200gの氷水へ注ぎ込み、抽出操作で回収した有機層を水200gで3回洗浄し、分液操作で有機層を回収した。この有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、反応粗体54.3gを得た。
上記反応粗体に、ヘプタン108g、トルエン28gを加えて80℃ウォーターバスで加熱して均一な溶液とした。その後、この溶液を氷水で冷却して結晶を析出させた。吸引濾過で結晶を回収し、エバポレーターで乾燥させて、目的物の2,2-ビス(3-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパンを、32.4g、収率60%、GC純度99%で得た。
・エポキシ樹脂合成
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、2,2-ビス(3-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン2.91g(8.0ミリモル)、エピクロロヒドリン7.4g(80ミリモル)、イソプロパノール3.0gを仕込んだ。そして、フラスコ内に、室温下で48質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1.5g(18ミリモル)を10分かけて滴下した。その後、65℃のウォーターバスで加熱して30分保持し反応を完了させた。分液操作で有機層を回収し、その有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮した。
上記で濃縮した有機層にメチルイソブチルケトン20gを加え、有機層を水20gで2回洗浄した。その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂3.6gを得た。
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた100mLガラス製フラスコに、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン30.0g(89ミリモル)、エピクロロヒドリン17.3g(3.46モル)、水47.5gを仕込み、ウォーターバスで内温45℃に加熱した。その後、25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液33.9g(0.21モル)を20分かけてフラスコ内に滴下しながら、80℃まで昇温した。その後、フラスコ内を80℃に保ちながら30分保持し反応を完了させ、フラスコ内にメチルイソブチルケトン90gを加えて分液操作で有機層を回収し、水60gで洗浄した。そして、分液操作で有機層を回収し、エバポレーターで濃縮し、粗エポキシ樹脂40.5gを回収した。
得られた粗エポキシ樹脂に、メチルイソブチルケトン60.8gと48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液0.57g(6.8ミリモル)を加えた後、65℃のウォーターバスで1時間攪拌した。その後、メチルイソブチルケトン33.8g、水30g、10質量%リン酸二水素ナトリウム水溶液7.0gで水層がpH7となるよう中和した。抽出操作で回収した有機層を、水60gで洗浄し、その後、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂33.1gを得た。
攪拌機、滴下ロート及び温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、2,2-ビス(3-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン5.8g(16ミリモル)、エピクロロヒドリン3.1g(34ミリモル)、水8.3gを仕込み、ウォーターバスで内温50℃に加熱した。その後、25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液水5.9g(37ミリモル)を10分かけてフラスコ内に滴下しながら、内温80℃まで昇温した。その後、フラスコ内を80℃に保ちながら30分保持し反応を完了させた。その後、フラスコ内にメチルイソブチルケトン20gを加えて、抽出操作で回収した有機層を水30gで2回洗浄した。そして、抽出操作で有機層を回収した。回収した有機層をエバポレーターで濃縮し、目的のエポキシ樹脂6.4gを得た。
攪拌機、還流冷却器および温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、比較合成例1で得られたエポキシ樹脂5.0g(エポキシ当量234g/当量)と、アクリル酸1.5g(21ミリモル)、ハイドロキノン10mg、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート2.9g、トリフェニルホスフィン50mgを仕込んだ。そして、乾燥空気を10mL/分で導入しながら、オイルバスを用いて内温110℃に昇温して2時間反応させた。その後、内温120℃に昇温してさらに7時間反応させて反応を完結させた。冷却後、目的のエポキシアクリレート樹脂を含む溶液を得た。
[物性データ]
数平均分子量(Mn)=746、重量平均分子量(Mw)=880、多分散度(Mw/Mn)=1.2
固形分濃度=69質量%
攪拌機、還流冷却器および温度計を備えた50mLガラス製フラスコに、比較合成例1で得られたエポキシ樹脂5.0g(エポキシ当量237g/当量)と、メタクリル酸1.8g
(21ミリモル)、ハイドロキノン10mg、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート3.1g、トリフェニルホスフィン50mgを仕込み、乾燥空気を10mL/分で導入しながら、オイルバスを用いて内温110℃に昇温して2時間反応後、内温120℃に昇温してさらに14時間反応させて反応を完結させた。冷却後、目的のエポキシメタクリレート樹脂溶液を得た。
[物性データ]
数平均分子量(Mn)=795、重量平均分子量(Mw)=876、多分散度(Mw/Mn)=1.1
固形分濃度=69質量%
得られた樹脂のうち、エポキシ基を有するものについては、エポキシ当量を、JIS K 7236:2009の規定に基づき測定した。
液体クロマトグラフィー分析は、アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社製のAgilent 1200シリーズを用いて行った。以下、測定の具体的条件を示す。
・移動相:超純水/アセトニトリル(35/65-10/90)
・カラム:YMC-Pac(ODS-AM、AM12SOJ-1506WT)
・カラムオーブン温度:40℃
・カラム流量:1.0mL/min
・検出器:波長254nmのUV光
・サンプル調製方法:エポキシ樹脂約10mgを、2gのアセトニトリルに溶解し、ポアサイズ0.5μmのフィルターで濾過してサンプルを調製した。
重量平均分子量Mwおよび数平均分子量Mnは、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC、東ソー株式会社製HLC-8320)を用いて、ポリスチレンを標準として測定した。移動相はテトラヒドロフラン(THF)、カラムはTSKgel SuperHZ(3000×1+2000×2)/(6.0mmI.D.×15cm×3本)を用いた。
・サンプル調製方法:硬化性樹脂約10mgを、2gのテトラヒドロフランに溶解し、ポアサイズ0.5μmのフィルターで濾過してサンプルを調整した。
1気圧の下、回転粘度計(ANTONPAAR製、品名:PHYSICAMCR51,測定用コーンCP50-1)を用い、硬化性樹脂の粘度を測定した。装置の設定は以下のとおりとした。この測定における、せん断速度1000[1/s]での粘度を後掲の表に示す。
・せん断速度:対数昇降(開始10[1/s]-終了1000[1/s])で変化
・測定間隔:対数(開始90秒-終了3秒)
・測定点:21
・温度:100℃(エポキシ樹脂)、25℃(エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂)
いくつかの硬化性樹脂については、40℃での粘度も測定した。具体的には、上記<硬化性樹脂の粘度測定:100℃>において、加熱温度を100℃から40℃に変更したときの、せん断速度25[1/s]での粘度を後掲の表に示す。
一部の硬化性樹脂について、全塩素量を、JIS K 7243-3:2005に基づき測定した。
表1に示される、合成例1と比較合成例1との対比、合成例2と比較合成例2との対比、合成例5と比較合成例3との対比、合成例6と比較合成例4との対比などから、-CH(CF3)-構造を備える本実施形態の硬化性樹脂(エポキシ樹脂)の粘度は、-C(CF3)2-構造を備えるエポキシ樹脂(従来品相当)よりも比較的小さいことが理解される。
また、表2に示した、合成例8と比較合成例5との対比、合成例9と比較合成例6との対比から、-CH(CF3)-構造を備えるエポキシ(メタ)アクリレートの粘度は、-C(CF3)2-構造を備えるエポキシ(メタ)アクリレート(従来品相当)よりも比較的小さいことが理解される。
さらに、本実施形態の硬化性樹脂の全塩素量は十分に小さかった。
まず、表2に示される組成の、2種の硬化性樹脂組成物を調製した。
・硬化剤:無水メチルヘキサヒドロフタル酸(酸無水物当量165g/当量)
・硬化促進剤:トリブチル(エチル)ホスホニウムジエチルホスファート(酸無水物質量に対して1質量%)
実施例1の硬化物のガラス転移温度は137℃、比較例1の硬化物のガラス転移温度は138℃であった。つまり、実施例1と比較例1で、硬化物のガラス転移温度(耐熱性の指標)はほとんど同じであった。
前掲の粘度測定結果とあわせると、本実施形態のエポキシ樹脂は「低粘度であるにもかかわらず、良好な耐熱性を有する」ことが理解される。
まず、下表に示される組成の硬化性樹脂組成物を調製した。
・硬化剤:フェノールノボラック:HF-1M(明和化成製、水酸基当量107g/当量)
・硬化促進剤:トリフェニルホスフィン(エポキシ樹脂質量に対して0.7質量%)
・ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂:EPICLON860(DIC社製、エポキシ当量242g/当量)
・溶剤:ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル
まず、下表に示される組成の、硬化性樹脂組成物を調製した。硬化促進剤としては、1,2-ジメチルイミダゾールを採用した。
硬化物のガラス転移温度は138℃であった。この結果から、硬化剤を用いずとも、実施例1(硬化剤あり)と同程度の耐熱性を有する硬化物が得られることが理解される。
Claims (24)
- 請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂であって、
R2は、エポキシ基を含む1価の基であるか、または、エチレン性不飽和基を含む1価の基である硬化性樹脂。 - 請求項1または2に記載の硬化性樹脂であって、
R2は、グリシジル基を含む1価の基であるか、または、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート骨格を含む1価の基である硬化性樹脂。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性樹脂であって、
R1が、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アリールオキシ基、アミノ基、アルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、シリル基およびハロゲノ基からなる群より選ばれる少なくともいずれかである硬化性樹脂。 - 請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性樹脂であって、
全塩素量が0~4000ppmである硬化性樹脂。 - 請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性樹脂であって、
40℃において液状である硬化性樹脂。 - 請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性樹脂であって、
一般式(1)において、nが0である硬化性樹脂と、nが1~40である硬化性樹脂と、を含む硬化性樹脂。 - 請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性樹脂を含む硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項16に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物であって、
硬化剤を含む硬化性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項16または17に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物。
- 請求項18に記載の硬化物を備える電子デバイス。
- 請求項16または17に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物、もしくは、当該硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物、を備える積層板材料。
- 請求項16または17に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物、もしくは、当該硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物、を含む電子部品封止材。
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WO2023080072A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-05-11 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 樹脂硬化剤、硬化性樹脂組成物、硬化物、電子デバイス、積層板材料、電子部品封止材、エステル化合物、エステル化合物の製造方法およびノボラック樹脂の製造方法 |
WO2023182141A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | エポキシ化合物、エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物、硬化物、プリプレグ、繊維強化複合材料、およびこれらの製造方法、封止材、半導体装置、半導体素子を封止する方法、並びに封止材として使用する方法 |
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