WO2021018131A1 - 一种顺序供油装置及挖掘机全自动润滑剂注入装置 - Google Patents

一种顺序供油装置及挖掘机全自动润滑剂注入装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021018131A1
WO2021018131A1 PCT/CN2020/105127 CN2020105127W WO2021018131A1 WO 2021018131 A1 WO2021018131 A1 WO 2021018131A1 CN 2020105127 W CN2020105127 W CN 2020105127W WO 2021018131 A1 WO2021018131 A1 WO 2021018131A1
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Prior art keywords
oil supply
oil
sequential
plunger
cavity
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PCT/CN2020/105127
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王定根
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王定根
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Publication of WO2021018131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021018131A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N23/00—Special adaptations of check valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N29/00—Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems
    • F16N29/02—Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems for influencing the supply of lubricant

Definitions

  • the invention mainly relates to the technical field of excavators, in particular to a sequential oil supply device and a fully automatic lubricant injection device for excavators.
  • Excavators are heavy-duty construction machinery, also known as excavating machinery, also known as excavators. They are used to excavate materials above or below the bearing surface with a bucket and load them into transport vehicles or unload them to a stockyard. Earthmoving machinery. The materials excavated by the excavator are mainly soil, coal, silt, and pre-loose soil and rocks. Common excavators include backhoe excavators and front shovel excavators. According to the requirements of related technical standards, each rotating part needs to be lubricated to ensure the reliability of rotation. Currently, the refueling process is generally manual refueling, which takes time and effort.
  • each pin shaft generally needs to be supplied with oil at two points for lubrication, which results in more automatic oil supply pipelines, which is not conducive to maintenance; and Various pins will oscillate during operation.
  • hoses If more hoses are used for oil supply in the automatic oil supply, the hoses will be easily fatigued and damaged during long-term rotation; in addition, because the bucket needs to be used in the construction process Contact with soil or rocks can easily damage the oil supply pipelines such as hoses, resulting in the inability to continue oil supply.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in: in view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a sequential oil supply device and excavator full-automatic lubricant injection device with simple structure, saving oil supply pipelines and high oil supply reliability. Device.
  • the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:
  • a sequential oil supply device includes a valve body, a valve stem, and a drive assembly.
  • the valve body is provided with a valve cavity, and the valve stem is mounted in the valve cavity for one-way rotation;
  • the valve body is provided with a plurality of The oil supply branch, the oil inlet of each oil supply branch communicates with the valve cavity, and the oil outlet of each oil supply branch is used to respectively connect with each mechanism to be lubricated; inside the valve stem
  • An oil supply main circuit is provided, and the oil inlet of the oil supply main circuit is used to connect with the oil supply unit;
  • the drive assembly is installed in the valve body and is used to drive the valve stem to rotate a predetermined angle each time.
  • the oil outlet of the main oil supply circuit on the valve stem is connected to the oil inlet of each oil supply branch in turn.
  • the drive assembly includes a plunger, a one-way ratchet, a rack, and an elastic member; one end of the rack is connected with the elastic member, and the other end is connected with the plunger, and the one-way ratchet is sleeved on the On the valve stem, the rack and the one-way ratchet mesh with each other; the valve body is provided with a mounting cavity for installing the plunger, the rack and the elastic member, and the mounting cavity where the plunger is located forms a plunger hole ,
  • the plunger hole is connected to the oil supply unit;
  • the valve body is provided with an oil supply pipeline, the oil inlet of the oil supply pipeline is communicated with the plunger hole, and the other end is connected to the The oil inlet of the main oil supply circuit in the valve stem is connected; the oil inlet of the oil supply pipeline is located at the plunger position in a natural state.
  • the installation cavity includes a first cavity for installing the elastic member and a second cavity for installing the rack; one end of the second cavity is communicated with the first cavity, and the other end is communicated with the plunger hole; Steps are formed at the communication between the second cavity and the first cavity and the plunger hole, which are used to limit the elastic member and the plunger respectively.
  • the elastic member is a spring.
  • the oil supply switch is located between the plunger hole and the oil supply unit;
  • the oil supply switch includes an oil supply pipe, an oil supply column, a drive mechanism and a resetting member, the oil supply column sliding Installed in the oil supply pipe and connected with a reset piece at one end, the circumferential direction of the oil supply column is recessed inward to form an annular channel, and the oil supply pipe is provided with an oil injection hole, an oil outlet and an oil return hole, so
  • the driving mechanism is used to drive the oil supply column to slide between the open state and the closed state; the oil injection hole and the oil outlet are in communication with the annular channel in the open state, and the oil outlet and the oil return hole are connected to the The closed loop channels are connected.
  • the driving mechanism is an electromagnet or a hydraulic unit; when the driving mechanism is an electromagnet, the electromagnet is located at one end of the oil supply pipe at the resetting piece; when the driving mechanism is a hydraulic unit, it is used to reset the oil supply pipe relative to One end of the piece is supplied with hydraulic oil.
  • the restoring piece is a spring.
  • the invention also discloses a fully automatic grease injection device for an excavator, which includes a plurality of oil supply channels, each of which is provided with a switch assembly, one end of each oil supply channel is connected with the oil supply unit, and the other end is used for To be connected to the mechanism to be lubricated; at least one of the oil supply channels is provided with the sequential oil supply device as described above, wherein the valve body in the sequential oil supply device is installed on the support arm connecting the forearm of the excavator and the cylinder rod, so The oil outlets of each oil supply branch in the sequence oil supply device are respectively connected with the mechanism to be lubricated at the bucket of the excavator.
  • It also includes a detection component for detecting the cumulative rotation angle or the number of rotations of each mechanism to be lubricated, and the detection component is connected with the switch assembly on the corresponding oil supply channel.
  • the detection element is an angle sensor or a photoelectric switch.
  • the oil supply passage of the connected sequential oil supply device includes a first oil supply passage and a second oil supply passage that are connected, the first oil supply passage is located in the arm, and the second oil supply passage is located in the connecting arm and Inside the pin of the arm.
  • the oil supply passage of the connected sequential oil supply device further includes a third oil supply passage and a fourth oil supply passage that are connected to each other.
  • the third oil supply passage is located in the pin shaft connecting the support arm and the cylinder rod.
  • the channel is located in the I-frame connecting the cylinder rod and the bucket.
  • the number of sequential oil supply devices is multiple, which are connected in series on the same oil supply channel; among the adjacent sequential oil supply devices, the oil outlet of the oil supply branch in one sequential oil supply device and the other sequential oil supply device
  • the oil inlet of the main oil supply circuit in the oil device is connected, and the oil supply direction is from the oil outlet of the oil supply branch in one sequential oil supply device to the inlet of the main oil supply circuit in the other sequential oil supply device. Oil port.
  • the valve bodies of other sequential oil supply devices are provided with a return passage.
  • One end of the return passage is connected with the oil inlet of the main oil supply circuit, and the other end is connected with The plunger hole is connected, and the position where the return passage and the plunger hole are connected is between the plunger and the orifice of the plunger hole in a natural state;
  • the return passage is provided with a check valve, and the single The valve opens unidirectionally from the oil inlet of the main oil supply path to the plunger hole.
  • the sequential oil supply device of the present invention is suitable for supplying oil (lubricating oil or grease, etc.) to each pin at the bucket; this sequential oil supply device realizes the oil supply to each pin at the bucket. Only need to configure a general oil supply pipeline to supply this sequential oil supply device, and then the sequential oil supply device supplies each pin in sequence, and each pin is equipped with an independent oil supply pipeline, which saves oil supply The pipeline reduces the possibility of damage to the oil supply pipeline to a certain extent and improves the reliability of the oil supply.
  • the sequential oil supply device of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned sequential oil supply method to push the plunger through the pressure of the lubricating oil itself, and further rotate the valve stem to realize the sequential switching of the lubrication positions; that is, from the previous one
  • the power required for the lubrication part to switch to the next lubrication part is provided by the pressure of the lubricating oil itself, and no other power is needed, which saves power, thereby eliminating the need for a power device, and the structure is ingenious.
  • the sequential oil supply device of the present invention through the special design of the oil supply pipeline inlet position, after the lubrication position is switched, the lubricating oil flows into the main oil supply circuit through the oil supply pipeline, and then flows into The position to be lubricated, that is, no oil will be injected into the lubricated part during the switching process, so as to ensure the reliability of oil injection, and also ensure the accuracy of oil supply, and reduce oil consumption.
  • the sequential oil supply device of the present invention through the restriction of the first cavity, the second cavity and the plunger hole, can ensure the displacement distance of each plunger, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent rotation angle of the valve stem and ensuring the supply Reliability of oil.
  • the sequential oil supply device of the present invention adopts a transmission matching mode of a rack and a one-way ratchet, and the overall structure is simple, easy to operate, stable and reliable.
  • the sequential oil supply device of the present invention is provided with a pressure-relieving oil supply switch to ensure that the elastic member can be reset smoothly, to ensure the smooth connection of the main oil supply circuit and the oil supply branch circuit in the subsequent valve body, and improve the reliability of oil supply ;
  • the overall structure of the oil supply switch is simple and easy to implement.
  • the overall oil supply is divided into two steps: 1. Switch the oil supply branch first; 2. Supply oil after the switching is completed; Linkage cooperation can be perfect switching, and switching does not require other power devices, realized by the pressure of the lubricating oil, and the overall structure design is ingenious.
  • the fully automatic lubricant injection device for excavators of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned sequential oil supply device to supply oil to each pin of the bucket. It also has the advantages of the above sequential oil supply device, and has a simple structure and easy implementation. . Detecting parts are used to detect the cumulative rotation angle or number of rotations of each mechanism to be lubricated, and automatically supply oil when the preset value is reached, thereby improving the automatic program of oil supply, while improving the reliability of oil supply, and ensuring the normal operation of the excavator.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure to be lubricated at the bucket of an existing excavator.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional structural diagram of a sequential fuel supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a B-B view of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a view C-C of Fig. 2.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the fuel supply switch in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block structure diagram of an injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a series of multiple sequential oil supply devices in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the excavator arm in the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the F-F view of Fig. 8.
  • the reference numbers in the figure indicate: 1. Detector; 2. Control circuit board; 3. Oil supply unit; 4. Switch assembly; 5. Valve body; 501. Valve cavity; 502. Oil supply branch; 503. First cavity 504, second cavity; 505, plunger hole; 506, oil supply pipeline; 6, valve stem; 601, main oil supply circuit; 7, drive assembly; 701, elastic member; 702, rack; 703, One-way ratchet; 704, plunger; 8, oil supply switch; 801, oil supply pipe; 802, oil supply column; 8021, annular channel; 803, oil injection hole; 804, oil outlet; 805, oil return hole; 806 9. Reset part; 9. Return passage; 901, one-way valve; 10, oil supply passage; 101, first oil supply passage; 102, second oil supply passage; 103, third oil supply passage; 104, fourth supply Oil channel.
  • the sequential oil supply device of this embodiment includes a valve body 5, a valve stem 6 and a drive assembly 7.
  • the valve body 5 is provided with a valve cavity 501 (in a T-shape), and the valve stem 6 is one-way Rotating (rotating in the counterclockwise direction in Figures 3 and 4) is installed in the valve cavity 501;
  • the valve body 5 is provided with multiple oil supply branches 502, and the oil inlet of each oil supply branch 502 and the valve cavity 501
  • the oil outlet of each oil supply branch 502 is used to connect with each mechanism to be lubricated (such as each rotating pin of an excavator bucket, etc.);
  • the valve stem 6 is provided with an oil supply main circuit 601, the main oil supply
  • the oil inlet of the road 601 is used to connect with the oil supply unit 3 (such as an oil supply pump);
  • the drive assembly 7 is installed in the valve body 5 for driving the valve stem 6 to rotate a predetermined angle each time, so that the valve stem 6 can supply oil
  • the sequential oil supply device of the present invention is suitable for supplying oil (lubricating oil or grease, etc.) to each pin at the bucket; the sequential oil supply device realizes the oil supply to each pin at the bucket, and only needs to be configured
  • a general oil supply pipeline supplies this sequential oil supply device, and the sequential oil supply device supplies each pin in sequence.
  • the oil supply mode of an independent oil supply pipeline is configured for each pin, which saves the oil supply pipeline. To a certain extent, the possibility of oil supply pipeline damage is reduced, and the reliability of oil supply is improved.
  • the drive assembly 7 includes a plunger 704, a one-way ratchet 703, a rack 702, and an elastic member 701; one end of the rack 702 is connected to the elastic member 701, the other end is connected to the plunger 704, and the one-way ratchet 703 sets Set on the valve stem 6, the rack 702 meshes with the one-way ratchet 703; the valve body 5 is provided with a mounting cavity for installing the plunger 704, the rack 702 and the elastic member 701, and the mounting cavity where the plunger 704 is located forms a plunger Hole 505, the plunger hole 505 is connected to the oil supply unit 3; the valve body 5 is provided with an oil supply pipe 506, the oil inlet of the oil supply pipe 506 is connected to the plunger hole 505, and the other end is connected to the valve stem 6
  • the oil inlet of the main oil supply path 601 is connected; the oil inlet of the oil supply pipeline 506 is located at the position of the plunger 704 in the natural state.
  • the installation cavity includes a first cavity 503 for installing the elastic member 701 and a second cavity 504 for installing the rack 702; one end of the second cavity 504 communicates with the first cavity 503 , The other end is communicated with the plunger hole 505; the second cavity 504 is connected with the first cavity 503 and the plunger hole 505 with steps formed to limit the elastic member 701 and the plunger 704 respectively.
  • the oil supply main path 601 in the valve stem 6 is discharged
  • the port is opposite to the oil inlet of an oil supply branch 502, the lubricating oil in the plunger hole 505 enters through the oil inlet of the oil supply line 506, flows out through the oil outlet G2, and then from the main oil supply line 601
  • the oil inlet G3 enters, and finally flows out through the oil outlet G4 of the oil supply branch 502, and is supplied to each mechanism to be lubricated; when the oil supply unit 3 (such as an oil supply pump) stops supplying oil, the elastic member 701 (Such as a compression spring) reset, push the rack 702 and the plunger 704 to move to the right.
  • the one-way ratchet 703 is idling, the valve stem 6 does not move, and the plunger 704 moves to the right, returning the compression spring to the step to stop moving
  • the plunger 704 is just located at the oil inlet of the oil supply pipe 506, and the oil inlet of the oil supply pipe 506 is blocked to further stop the supply of lubricating oil; for the same reason, perform the next supply according to the above steps
  • the valve stem 6 rotates correspondingly to the next oil supply branch 502, so that each oil supply can be automatically switched to the next mechanism to be lubricated, thereby realizing the sequential oil supply of each lubricating mechanism.
  • the sequential oil supply device of the above-mentioned embodiment adopts the above-mentioned sequential oil supply method to push the plunger 704 through the pressure of the lubricating oil itself, and further rotate the valve stem 6 to realize the sequential switching of the lubrication positions; that is, from the previous one
  • the power required for the lubrication part to switch to the next lubrication part is provided by the pressure of the lubricating oil itself, and no other power is needed, which saves power and correspondingly eliminates the corresponding power device.
  • the structure is simple and the design is smart.
  • the oil inlet of the oil supply pipe 506 will be exposed and the lubricating oil will pass through the oil supply pipe.
  • the road 506 flows into the main oil supply road 601, and then flows to the position that needs lubrication, that is, no oil will be injected into the lubrication part during the switching process, so as to ensure the reliability of oil injection, and also ensure the accuracy of oil supply and reduce oil consumption .
  • the sequential oil supply device of the above-mentioned embodiment is restricted by the first cavity 503, the second cavity 504 and the plunger hole 505 to ensure the displacement distance of the elastic member 701 and the plunger 704 each time, so as to realize the valve rod 6 each time
  • the precise adjustment of the secondary rotation angle ensures that the main oil inlet path on the valve stem 6 can be accurately docked with the oil supply branch 502 to ensure the reliability of oil supply.
  • the sequential oil supply device of the above embodiment adopts the transmission cooperation mode of the rack 702 and the one-way ratchet 703, and the overall structure is simple, easy to operate, stable and reliable.
  • the overall fuel supply is divided into two steps: 1. First, switch the fuel supply branch 502; 2. Supply fuel after the switch is completed; the two steps are linked by each structure With cooperation, it can be switched perfectly, and the switching does not require other power devices, and is realized by the pressure of the lubricating oil, and the overall structure design is ingenious.
  • an oil supply switch 8 is installed on the pipeline between the oil supply pump and the valve body 5. . If the oil supply switch 8 adopts a conventional solenoid valve switch (quick switch), after it is turned off, the lubricating oil in the pipeline between the solenoid valve switch and the valve body 5 will still have a certain pressure. Due to this pressure, the elasticity The piece 701 cannot be reset, so that the plunger 704 cannot move or the distance it moves will be smaller than the normal distance when the oil is supplied next time. As a result, the valve stem 6 cannot rotate or the angle of rotation is too small.
  • the oil supply branch 502 is smoothly connected and cannot supply oil normally.
  • an oil supply switch 8 that can release the pressure at the plunger hole 505 after the oil supply is stopped, as shown in FIG. 5, specifically includes an oil supply pipe 801, an oil supply column 802, a driving mechanism, and a reset member 806 (such as a compression spring), the oil supply column 802 is slidably installed in the oil supply pipe 801 and one end is connected with the reset member 806.
  • the circumferential direction of the oil supply column 802 is recessed inward to form an annular channel 8021, and the oil supply pipe 801 is provided with Oil injection hole 803 (K1 in Figure 5), oil outlet 804 (K2 in Figure 5) and oil return hole 805 (K3 in Figure 5).
  • the drive mechanism is used to drive the oil supply column 802 in the open state (or open Position) and the closed state (or closed position); the oil injection hole 803 and the oil outlet 804 communicate with the annular channel 8021 in the open state, the oil outlet 804 and the oil return hole 805 and the annular channel 8021 in the closed state Connected.
  • the oil supply column 802 is slid to the right through the drive mechanism to the on-off state. At this time, the oil injection hole 803 and the oil outlet hole 804 are connected to the annular channel 8021, and the oil return hole 805 is blocked.
  • the oil provided by the oil supply pump enters the annular passage 8021 from the oil injection hole 803, and then flows into the plunger hole 505 from the oil outlet 804 to form the opening of the oil supply; and after the oil supply is completed, the reset member 806 drives the oil supply column 802 to Slide to the left to the closed position (the position shown in Figure 5).
  • the oil outlet hole 804 and the oil return hole 805 communicate with the annular channel 8021, and the oil injection hole 803 is blocked, and the pressure oil in the plunger hole 505 passes through
  • the oil outlet hole 804 enters the annular channel 8021 and then flows out through the oil return hole 805 to relieve the pressure of the oil in the plunger hole 505, ensure that the plunger 704 can be reset normally, and improve the reliability of subsequent oil supply.
  • the driving mechanism is an electromagnet or a hydraulic unit; when the driving mechanism is an electromagnet (not shown in the figure), the electromagnet is located at one end of the oil supply pipe 801 and the reset member 806. When it needs to be opened, the electromagnet When it is energized, the oil supply column 802 slides to the right to the open state; when it needs to be closed, the electromagnet loses power, and the oil supply column 802 is reset to the closed state under the action of the compression spring.
  • the driving mechanism can also adopt a hydraulic unit (such as a hydraulic pump). By supplying hydraulic oil to the right side of the oil supply pipe 801, the oil supply column 802 is driven to slide to the right to the open state. When the supply of hydraulic oil is stopped, the oil supply column 802 is reset to the closed state under the action of the compression spring; the overall structure of the driving mechanism is simple and easy to implement.
  • the present invention also discloses a fully automatic lubricant injection device for an excavator, which includes a plurality of oil supply passages, each oil supply passage is provided with a switch assembly 4, and one end of each oil supply passage is connected to an oil supply unit.
  • the oil supply unit 3 is connected, and the other end is used to connect with the mechanism to be lubricated; at least one of the oil supply channels is provided with a sequential oil supply device as described above (G in Figure 6), and the valve body 5 in the sequential oil supply device is installed in On the support arm that connects the forearm of the excavator and the cylinder rod (see Figure 1 for each structure), the oil outlets of the oil supply branches 502 on the valve body 5 are respectively connected to the oil injection ports of the pins of the excavator bucket ( As shown in Figure 6, the pin shafts at A and B are connected with each pin shaft corresponding to two oil injection ports.
  • the oil supply unit 3 is a 24V oil supply pump, which can provide lubricating oil of several tens of MPa.
  • the general oil supply pipeline is set on the forearm, and the oil supply pipeline is transferred from the forearm to the valve body 5 on the support arm through an adapter (conventional metal oil supply adapter, with a sealed pipeline inside and rotatable).
  • the oil outlets of the oil supply branches 502 on 5 are all connected to the pin oil inlets at positions A and B through pipelines (such as steel pipes) and adapters.
  • pipelines such as steel pipes
  • a high-strength steel cover is used for protection.
  • Each switch assembly 4 may adopt a solenoid valve or the oil supply switch 8 as described above (K0 in FIG. 6).
  • the detection component 1 is an angle sensor (S1-S3 in Figure 6), which detects the cumulative value of the rotation angle of each rotating component (such as the boom, the forearm, the turntable, etc.) and sends it to the control circuit board 2 ( Conventional single-chip microcomputers, etc., use a comparator to compare the cumulative value), after reaching a certain value (determined by test or work experience), the switch signal is sent to the corresponding oil circuit switch K through the control circuit board 2 (as shown in Figure 6).
  • the detection element 1 can also be a photoelectric switch, by counting the number of rotations of the rotating part, and when the count reaches a certain value (determined by experiment or work experience), the switch signal is sent through the control circuit board 2. To the corresponding oil circuit switch K and the oil supply pump to realize automatic oil supply to the corresponding lubrication parts.
  • the number of sequential oil supply devices on the same oil supply channel 10 is two, namely 1# sequential oil supply device and 2# sequential oil supply device (referred to as 1# and 2#, the same below ), and each other in series, the specific series is as follows: the oil outlet of 1# oil supply branch 502 is connected to the oil inlet of 2# oil supply main road 601, and the oil supply direction is from 1# oil supply The oil outlet of branch 502 flows to the oil inlet of 2# oil supply main road 601.
  • more oil supply branches 502 can be expanded to achieve more lubrication operations of the mechanism to be lubricated, and the above structure only requires valve body 5, valve stem 6, and other components, without the need for a separate oil supply unit 3 grade parts, simple structure and low cost.
  • the serial form of the above-mentioned sequential oil supply device can also be applied to the mechanism to be lubricated that requires different oil supply, that is, the 1# oil supply branch 502 is connected to the mechanism to be lubricated with a large amount of oil, and the 2# The oil outlet of the oil supply branch 502 is connected to the mechanism to be lubricated that needs a small amount of oil, so as to realize the adjustment of different oil supply amounts of different mechanisms to be lubricated.
  • the foregoing does not limit the number of sequential oil supply devices, and in other embodiments, it may also be three, four or more.
  • a return flow channel 9 is provided in the valve body 5 of the 2# sequential fuel supply device.
  • Channel 9 one end of the return channel 9 is connected to the oil inlet of the main oil supply circuit 601, and the other end is connected to the plunger hole 505.
  • the position where the return channel 9 and the plunger hole 505 are connected is in the natural state of the plunger 704 and the plunger.
  • the return channel 9 is provided with a one-way valve 901, which opens unidirectionally from the oil inlet of the main oil supply path 601 toward the plunger hole 505.
  • the one-way valve 901 When the oil is supplied, the one-way valve 901 is closed, which does not affect the normal oil supply; after the single oil supply is completed, the lubricating oil in the 2# plunger hole 505 will pass through the 1# oil supply branch 502 and supply The main oil path 601 flows back to the plunger hole 505 of 1# through the return channel 9, so as to release the pressure, ensure that the plunger 704 of 2# can be reset normally, and improve the reliability of subsequent oil supply.
  • the above-mentioned return passage 9 is provided on the valve body 5 of other sequential oil supply devices except the last one in the oil supply direction.
  • the oil supply channel 10 connected to the sequential oil supply device includes a first oil supply channel 101 and a second oil supply channel 102 that are connected, and the first oil supply channel 101 is located in the forearm , The second oil supply channel 102 is located in the pin connecting the forearm and the support arm.
  • it also includes a third oil supply passage 103 and a fourth oil supply passage 104 connected to each other.
  • the third oil supply passage 103 is located in the pin connecting the arm and the cylinder rod, and the fourth oil supply passage 104 is located between the cylinder rod and the bucket.
  • I-frame between AB in Figure 1).
  • the lubricating oil in the oil supply unit 3 flows through the first oil supply passage 101 in the arm to the second oil supply passage 102 in the pin shaft, and then enters the valve body 5 on the support arm through an external hose, etc. ,
  • the lubricating oil in the valve body 5 enters the fourth oil supply passage 104 through a hose or the like, and then flows out through the third oil supply passage 103, and flows into the corresponding mechanism to be lubricated through the hose or the like.
  • the arrangement of the above-mentioned oil supply channel 10 can realize the reliable sequence of oil supply at the joints of the components, and at the same time, there is no need to configure adapters, etc., the structure is simple and the oil supply is safe and reliable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种顺序供油装置，包括阀体(5)、阀杆(6)和驱动组件(7)，阀体(5)内设有阀腔(501)，阀杆(6)单向转动安装于阀腔(501)内；阀体(5)上设置有多条供油支路(502)，各供油支路(502)的进油口与阀腔(501)相连通；阀杆(6)内设置有供油主路(601)，供油主路(601)的进油口用于与供油单元(3)相连；驱动组件(7)安装于阀体(5)内，用于驱动阀杆(6)每次转动预定角度，以使阀杆(6)上供油主路(601)的出油口依次与各供油支路(502)的进油口对接。还涉及一种挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，包括多条供油通道，各供油通道上设置有开关组件(4)，各供油通道的一端与供油单元(3)相连，另一端用于与待润滑机构相连；其中至少一条供油通道上设置有如上所述的顺序供油装置。该装置具有结构简单、供油可靠性高且自动化程度高等优点。

Description

一种顺序供油装置及挖掘机全自动润滑剂注入装置 【技术领域】
本发明主要涉及挖掘机技术领域，特指一种顺序供油装置及挖掘机全自动润滑剂注入装置。
【背景技术】
挖掘机属于重型工程机械，又称挖掘机械(excavating machinery)，又称挖土机，是用铲斗挖掘高于或低于承机面的物料，并装入运输车辆或卸至堆料场的土方机械。挖掘机挖掘的物料主要是土壤、煤、泥沙以及经过预松后的土壤和岩石。常见的挖掘机包括反铲挖掘机和正铲挖掘机，按照相关技术标准的要求，需要对各转动部位进行润滑，以保证转动的可靠性。目前，加油过程一般是手动加油，费时费力。即使存在部分自动供油的装置，但是由于挖机的铲斗处需要润滑的位置较多，如图1所示，工字架分别与铲斗油缸杆、铲斗及小臂连接，各连接处(图1中的A、B、C、D四处)均为销轴，每个销轴一般需要在两个点供油以进行润滑，从而导致自动供油管路较多，不利于维护；而且各处销轴在工作时会摆动，如果自动供油中采用较多软管等进行供油，在长期的转动过程中，软管极易转动疲劳而损坏；另外，由于铲斗在施工过程需要接触土壤或岩石，也极易对各软管等供油管路造成损坏，从而导致无法继续供油。
【发明内容】
本发明要解决的技术问题就在于：针对现有技术存在的技术问题，本发明提供一种结构简单、节省供油管道及供油可靠性高的顺序供油装置及挖掘机全自动润滑剂注入装置。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案为：
一种顺序供油装置，包括阀体、阀杆和驱动组件，所述阀体内设有阀腔，所述阀杆单向转动安装于所述阀腔内；所述阀体上设置有多条供油支路，各所述供油支路的进油口与所述阀腔相连通，各所述供油支路的出油口用于分别与各待润滑机构相连；所述阀杆内设置有供油主路，所述供油主路的进油口用于与供油单元相连；所述驱动组件安装于所述阀体内，用于驱动所述阀杆每次转动预定角度，以使阀杆上供油主路的出油口依次与各所述供油支路的进油口对接。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进：
所述驱动组件包括柱塞、单向棘轮、齿条和弹性件；所述齿条的一端与所述弹性件相 连，另一端与所述柱塞相连，所述单向棘轮套设于所述阀杆上，所述齿条与所述单向棘轮相互啮合；所述阀体内设有安装所述柱塞、齿条和弹性件的安装腔，所述柱塞所在的安装腔形成柱塞孔，所述柱塞孔与所述供油单元相连；所述阀体上设置有供油管路，所述供油管路的进油口与所述柱塞孔相连通，另一端与所述阀杆内供油主路的进油口相连通；所述供油管路的进油口位于自然状态下的柱塞位置处。
所述安装腔包括用于安装弹性件的第一空腔和用于安装齿条的第二空腔；第二空腔的一端与第一空腔相连通，另一端与柱塞孔相连通；所述第二空腔与第一空腔和柱塞孔的连通处均形成有台阶，用于分别对弹性件和柱塞进行限位。
所述弹性件为弹簧。
还包括供油开关，所述供油开关位于所述柱塞孔与供油单元之间；所述供油开关包括供油管、供油柱、驱动机构和复位件，所述供油柱滑动安装于所述供油管内且一端与复位件相连，所述供油柱的周向方向向内凹陷形成环形通道，所述供油管上设置有注油孔、出油孔和回油孔，所述驱动机构用于驱动所述供油柱在开启状态与关闭状态之间滑动；所述注油孔和出油孔与位于开启状态的环形通道相连通，所述出油孔与回油孔与位于关闭状态的环形通道相连通。
所述驱动机构为电磁铁或者液压单元；当驱动机构为电磁铁时，所述电磁铁位于供油管于复位件的一端；当驱动机构为液压单元时，用于向供油管内相对于复位件的一端供液压油。
所述复位件为弹簧。
本发明还公开了一种挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，包括多条供油通道，各所述供油通道上设置有开关组件，各供油通道的一端与供油单元相连，另一端用于与待润滑机构相连；其中至少一条供油通道上设置有如上所述的顺序供油装置，其中顺序供油装置中的阀体安装于连接挖掘机小臂与油缸杆的支臂上，所述顺序供油装置中各供油支路的出油口用于分别与挖掘机铲斗处的待润滑机构相连。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进：
还包括用于检测各待润滑机构累积转动角度或转动次数的检测件，所述检测件与对应供油通道上的开关组件相连。
所述检测件为角度传感器或光电开关。
连接顺序供油装置的供油通道包括连通的第一供油通道和第二供油通道，所述第一供油通道位于所述小臂内，所述第二供油通道位于连接小臂与支臂的销轴内。
连接顺序供油装置的供油通道还包括连通的第三供油通道和第四供油通道，所述第三 供油通道位于连接支臂与油缸杆的销轴内，所述第四供油通道位于连接油缸杆与铲斗的工字架内。
顺序供油装置的数量为多个，相互串联于同一供油通道上；其中相邻的顺序供油装置中，其中一个顺序供油装置中的供油支路的出油口与另一个顺序供油装置中的供油主路的进油口相连，且供油方向为从一个顺序供油装置中的供油支路的出油口流向另一个顺序供油装置中的供油主路的进油口。
除供油方向最末端的顺序供油装置外，其它顺序供油装置的阀体内均设置有回流通道，所述回流通道的一端与所述供油主路的进油口相连，另一端则与所述柱塞孔相连，所述回流通道与柱塞孔相连的位置位于自然状态下柱塞与所述柱塞孔的孔口之间；所述回流通道上设置有单向阀，所述单向阀从所述供油主路的进油口向柱塞孔方向单向打开。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
(1)本发明的顺序供油装置，适用于对挖斗处各销轴的供油(润滑油或润滑脂等)；通过此顺序供油装置实现对挖斗处各销轴的供油，只需要配置一根总的供油管道供给此顺序供油装置，再由顺序供油装置顺序供给各销轴，相对于每个销轴配置独立的供油管道的供油方式，节省了供油管道，在一定程度上降低了供油管道的损坏可能性，提高了供油的可靠性。
(2)本发明的顺序供油装置，采用上述的顺序供油方式，通过润滑油本身的压力，实现对柱塞的推动，进一步转动阀杆，实现各等润滑位置的顺序切换；即从前一润滑部位切换至下一润滑部位所需要的动力由润滑油本身的压力提供，而不需要其它的动力，节省了动力，从而省去了动力装置，结构设计巧妙。
(3)本发明的顺序供油装置，通过对供油管路进油口位置的特殊设计，在润滑位置切换完成后，润滑油才经供油管路流入至供油主路，再流入至需润滑的位置，即在切换的过程中不会向润滑部位注油，从而保证注油的可靠性，也保障了供油的精度，减少油料的消耗。
(4)本发明的顺序供油装置，通过第一空腔、第二空腔和柱塞孔的限制，能够保证每次柱塞的位移距离，从而保障阀杆后续转动角度的精度，保证供油的可靠性。
(5)本发明的顺序供油装置，采用齿条与单向棘轮的传动配合方式，整体结构简单、操作简便且稳定可靠。
(6)本发明的顺序供油装置，设置有可泄压的供油开关，保障弹性件能够顺利复位，保障后续阀体内供油主路与供油支路顺利对接，提高供油的可靠性；供油开关整体结构简单且易于实现。
(7)本发明的顺序供油装置，整体供油分为两个步骤：1、先进行供油支路的切换；2、切换完成后再进行供油；两个步骤之间通过各结构的联动配合，可以完美切换，而且切换无需其它动力装置，由润滑油自带的压力实现，整体结构设计巧妙。
(8)本发明的挖掘机全自动润滑剂注入装置，采用上述顺序供油装置对铲斗处各销轴进行供油，同样具有如上顺序供油装置所述的优点，而且结构简单、易于实现。采用检测件对各待润滑机构累积转动角度或转动次数进行检测，在达到预设值时自动供油，从而提高供油的自动化程序，同时提高供油可靠性，保障挖掘机的正常运行。
【附图说明】
图1为现有挖掘机铲斗处的待润滑机构结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例顺序供油装置的剖视结构图。
图3为图2的B-B视图。
图4为图2的C-C视图。
图5为本发明实施例中供油开关的剖视结构图。
图6为本发明实施例注入装置的方框结构图。
图7为本发明中多个顺序供油装置串联的结构示意图。
图8为本发明中挖掘机支臂处的结构示意图。
图9为图8的F-F视图。
图中标号表示：1、检测件；2、控制电路板、3、供油单元；4、开关组件；5、阀体；501、阀腔；502、供油支路；503、第一空腔；504、第二空腔；505、柱塞孔；506、供油管路；6、阀杆；601、供油主路；7、驱动组件；701、弹性件；702、齿条；703、单向棘轮；704、柱塞；8、供油开关；801、供油管；802、供油柱；8021、环形通道；803、注油孔；804、出油孔；805、回油孔；806、复位件；9、回流通道；901、单向阀；10、供油通道；101、第一供油通道；102、第二供油通道；103、第三供油通道；104、第四供油通道。
【具体实施方式】
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
如图2至4所示，本实施例的顺序供油装置，包括阀体5、阀杆6和驱动组件7，阀体5内设有阀腔501(呈T型)，阀杆6单向转动(沿图3和图4中的逆时针方向转动)安装于阀腔501内；阀体5上设置有多条供油支路502，各供油支路502的进油口与阀腔501相连通，各供油支路502的出油口用于分别与各待润滑机构(如挖掘机挖斗各转动销轴等)相连；阀杆6内设置有供油主路601，供油主路601的进油口用于与供油单元3(如供油 泵)相连；驱动组件7安装于阀体5内，用于驱动阀杆6每次转动预定角度，以使阀杆6上供油主路601的出油口依次与各供油支路502的进油口对接。
本发明的顺序供油装置，适用于对挖斗处各销轴的供油(润滑油或润滑脂等)；通过此顺序供油装置实现对挖斗处各销轴的供油，只需要配置一根总的供油管道供给此顺序供油装置，再由顺序供油装置顺序供给各销轴，相对于每个销轴配置独立的供油管道的供油方式，节省了供油管道，在一定程度上降低了供油管道损坏的可能性，提高了供油的可靠性。
本实施例中，驱动组件7包括柱塞704、单向棘轮703、齿条702和弹性件701；齿条702的一端与弹性件701相连，另一端与柱塞704相连，单向棘轮703套设于阀杆6上，齿条702与单向棘轮703相互啮合；阀体5内设有安装柱塞704、齿条702和弹性件701的安装腔，柱塞704所在的安装腔形成柱塞孔505，柱塞孔505与供油单元3相连；阀体5上设置有供油管路506，供油管路506的进油口与柱塞孔505相连通，另一端与阀杆6内供油主路601的进油口相连通；供油管路506的进油口位于自然状态下的柱塞704位置处。
如图4所示，安装腔包括用于安装弹性件701的第一空腔503和用于安装齿条702的第二空腔504；第二空腔504的一端与第一空腔503相连通，另一端与柱塞孔505相连通；第二空腔504与第一空腔503和柱塞孔505的连通处均形成有台阶，用于分别对弹性件701和柱塞704进行限位。如图4所示，在进行供油(润滑油、润滑脂等)时，带压力的润滑油经柱塞孔505的一端G1进入，推动柱塞704向左移动(此时弹性件701压缩)，齿条702带动单向棘轮703转动，从而带动阀杆6转动，当柱塞704推动至台阶位置处停止，阀杆6停止转动，此时阀杆6内的供油主路601的出油口与一供油支路502的进油口相对接，柱塞孔505内的润滑油则经供油管路506的进油口进入，经出油口G2流出，再从供油主路601的进油口G3进入，最后经供油支路502的出油口G4流出，供入至各待润滑机构内；当供油单元3(如供油泵)停止供油时，此时弹性件701(如压缩弹簧)复位，推动齿条702及柱塞704向右移动，此时单向棘轮703空转，阀杆6不动，柱塞704向右移动，将压缩弹簧回位至台阶处停止移动，此时柱塞704刚好位于供油管路506的进油口处，将供油管路506的进油口封堵住，进一步停止润滑油的供给；同理，按上述步骤进行下一次供油，阀杆6则相应转动至与下一供油支路502对接，从而实现每次供油都能够自动切换至下一待润滑机构，从而实现各润滑机构的顺序供油。
上述实施例的顺序供油装置，采用上述的顺序供油方式，通过润滑油本身的压力，实现对柱塞704的推动，进一步转动阀杆6，实现各等润滑位置的顺序切换；即从前一润滑 部位切换至下一润滑部位所需要的动力由润滑油本身的压力提供，而不需要其它的动力，节省了动力，相应省去了对应的动力装置，结构简单、设计巧妙。
上述实施例的顺序供油装置，通过对供油管路506进油口的优化设计，在润滑位置切换完成后，供油管路506的进油口才会露出来，润滑油才经供油管路506流入至供油主路601，再流入至需润滑的位置，即在切换的过程中不会向润滑部位注油，从而保证注油的可靠性，也保障了供油的精度，减少油料的消耗。
上述实施例的顺序供油装置，通过第一空腔503、第二空腔504和柱塞孔505的限制，能够保证每次弹性件701和柱塞704的位移距离，从而实现阀杆6每次转动角度的精准调整，保障阀杆6上的进油主路均能与供油支路502的精准对接，保证供油的可靠性。
上述实施例的顺序供油装置，采用齿条702与单向棘轮703的传动配合方式，整体结构简单、操作简便且稳定可靠。
上述实施例的顺序供油装置，整体供油分为两个步骤：1、先进行供油支路502的切换；2、切换完成后再进行供油；两个步骤之间通过各结构的联动配合，可以完美切换，而且切换无需其它动力装置，由润滑油自带的压力实现，整体结构设计巧妙。
本实施例中，在供油单元3(如供油泵)对阀体5进行供油时，由于需要对供油进行控制，在供油泵与阀体5之间的管道上会安装供油开关8。供油开关8如果采用常规的电磁阀开关(快速开关)，在关断之后，电磁阀开关与阀体5之间的管道内的润滑油仍然会存在一定的压力，由于此压力的存在，弹性件701会无法复位，从而在下一次供油时，柱塞704无法移动或者所移动的距离会比正常移动的距离小，从而导致阀杆6无法转动或者转动的角度偏小，进而无法与下一供油支路502顺利对接，无法正常供油。为此，提供了一种能够在供油停止后可以释放柱塞孔505处压力的供油开关8，如图5所示，具体包括供油管801、供油柱802、驱动机构和复位件806(如压缩弹簧)，供油柱802滑动安装于供油管801内且一端与复位件806相连，供油柱802的周向方向向内凹陷形成环形通道8021，供油管801上设置有注油孔803(图5中的K1)、出油孔804(图5中的K2)和回油孔805(图5中的K3)，驱动机构用于驱动供油柱802在开启状态(或开启位置)与关闭状态(或关闭位置)之间滑动；注油孔803和出油孔804与位于开启状态的环形通道8021相连通，出油孔804与回油孔805与位于关闭状态的环形通道8021相连通。在进行供油时，通过驱动机构使供油柱802向右滑动至开关状态，此时注油孔803与出油孔804均与环形通道8021相连，而回油孔805则被堵住，此时供油泵提供的油从注油孔803进入环形通道8021，再由出油孔804流入至柱塞孔505内，形成供油的开启；而在供油结束后，复位件806驱动供油柱802向左滑动至关闭位置(如图5所示的位置)，此时出油孔804 与回油孔805与环形通道8021相通，而注油孔803被堵住，柱塞孔505内的压力油则经出油孔804进入至环形通道8021，再经回油孔805流出，实现对柱塞孔505内油的泄压，保障柱塞704能正常复位，提高后续供油的可靠性。
本实施例中，驱动机构为电磁铁或者液压单元；当驱动机构为电磁铁(图中未示出)时，电磁铁位于供油管801于复位件806的一端，当需要开启时，电磁铁得电，供油柱802向右滑动至开启状态；当需要关闭时，电磁铁失电，供油柱802在压缩弹簧的作用下复位至关闭状态。当然，在其它实施例中，驱动机构也可以采用液压单元(如液压泵)，通过向供油管801的右侧提供液压油，从而驱动供油柱802向右滑动至开启状态，当液压泵停止供液压油时，供油柱802在压缩弹簧的作用下复位至关闭状态；驱动机构整体结构简单、易于实现。
如图6所示，本发明还公开了一种挖掘机全自动润滑剂注入装置，包括多条供油通道，各供油通道上设置有开关组件4，各供油通道的一端与供油单元3相连，另一端用于与待润滑机构相连；其中至少一条供油通道上设置有如上所述的顺序供油装置(如图6中的G)，顺序供油装置中的阀体5安装于连接挖掘机小臂与油缸杆的支臂(各结构可见图1)上，阀体5上各供油支路502的出油口则分别与挖掘机铲斗处的各销轴的注油口(如图6中所示的A、B两处的销轴，每个销轴对应有两个注油口)相连。具体地，供油单元3为24V供油泵，可提供几十MPa的润滑油。其中总的供油管道设置在小臂上，供油管道通过转接头(常规金属供油转接头，内部有密封管道且可转动)从小臂转接至支臂上的阀体5上，阀体5上的各供油支路502的出油口则均通过管路(如钢管)及转接头连接至A、B位置处的销轴注油口。为了保障各管路以及转接头不受外部异物损坏，采用高强度的钢罩加以保护。各开关组件4可以采用电磁阀或者如上所述的供油开关8(如图6中的K0)。
本实施例中，还包括用于检测各待润滑机构累积转动角度的检测件1，检测件1与对应供油通道上的开关组件4相连。具体地，检测件1为角度传感器(如图6中的S1-S3)，通过检测各转动部件(如大臂、小臂、转盘等)的转动角度累积值，并发送至控制电路板2(常规的单片机等，采用比较器对累积值进行比较)，达到某一数值(试验测定或工作经验确定)后，通过控制电路板2发送开关信号至对应的油路开关K(如图6中的K1-K13)，从而实现对相应的润滑部位自动供油，从而保障供油的可靠性。当然，在其它实施例中，检测件1也可以采用光电开关，通过对转动部件的转动次数进行计数，在计数达到一定数值(试验确定或者工作经验确定)时，通过控制电路板2发送开关信号至对应的油路开关K以及供油泵，实现对相应的润滑部位自动供油。
在另一具体实施例中，同一供油通道10上的顺序供油装置的数量为两个，分别为1# 顺序供油装置和2#顺序供油装置(简称1#和2#，下同)，且相互串联，具体串联方式为：其中1#的供油支路502的出油口与2#的供油主路601的进油口相连，且供油方向为从1#的供油支路502的出油口流向2#的供油主路601的进油口。通过上述串联的形式，能够扩展更多的供油支路502以实现更多待润滑机构的润滑作业，而且上述结构仅只需要阀体5、阀杆6等部件，而无需再单独配置供油单元3等部件，结构简单、成本低。上述顺序供油装置串联的形式，也可以应用于需要不同供油量的待润滑机构，即将1#的供油支路502连接至需供油量偏多的待润滑机构，而将2#的供油支路502的出油口连接至需供油量偏少的待润滑机构，从而实现不同待润滑机构不同供油量的调整。当然，上述并不对顺序供油装置的数量进行限定，在其它实施例中，也可以为三个、四个或者更多个。
在上述两个顺序供油装置串联的情况下，在1#通过供油支路502向2#的柱塞孔505供油后，此2#柱塞孔505与1#的供油支路502之间的润滑油仍然会存在一定的压力，由于此压力的存在，2#的弹性件701会无法复位，从而在下一次供油时，2#的柱塞704无法移动或者所移动的距离会比正常移动的距离小，从而导致2#的阀杆6无法转动或者转动的角度偏小，进而无法与对应下一供油支路502顺利对接，无法正常供油。为此，提供了一种能够在供油停止后可以释放2#的柱塞孔505处压力的回流通道9，如图7所示，在2#顺序供油装置的阀体5内设置有回流通道9，回流通道9的一端与供油主路601的进油口相连，另一端则与柱塞孔505相连，回流通道9与柱塞孔505相连的位置位于自然状态下柱塞704与柱塞孔505的孔口之间；回流通道9上设置有单向阀901，单向阀901从供油主路601的进油口向柱塞孔505方向单向打开。在进行供油时，单向阀901关闭，不影响正常供油；在单次供油结束后，此时2#的柱塞孔505的润滑油则经1#的供油支路502和供油主路601，再经回流通道9流回至1#的柱塞孔505内，从而实现压力的释放，保障2#的柱塞704能正常复位，提高后续供油的可靠性。当然，在其它三个、四个或者更多个顺序供油装置串联的情况下，上述回流通道9设置在除供油方向最末端的顺序供油装置外的其它顺序供油装置的阀体5内。
如图8、9所示，在具体应用时，连接顺序供油装置的供油通道10包括连通的第一供油通道101和第二供油通道102，第一供油通道101位于小臂内，第二供油通道102位于连接小臂与支臂的销轴内。另外还包括连通的第三供油通道103和第四供油通道104，第三供油通道103位于连接支臂与油缸杆的销轴内，第四供油通道104位于连接油缸杆与铲斗的工字架(图1中A-B之间部分)内。供油单元3内的润滑油经小臂内的第一供油通道101流至销轴内的第二供油通道102内，再经外接的软管等进入至支臂上的阀体5内，阀体5内的润滑油再通过软管等进入至第四供油通道104内，再经第三供油通道103流出， 经软管等流入至对应的待润滑机构内。上述供油通道10的设置，能够实现供油在部件连接处的顺序可靠进行，同时也不需要配置转接头等，结构简单且供油安全可靠。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种顺序供油装置，其特征在于，包括阀体(5)、阀杆(6)和驱动组件(7)，所述阀体(5)内设有阀腔(501)，所述阀杆(6)单向转动安装于所述阀腔(501)内；所述阀体(5)上设置有多条供油支路(502)，各所述供油支路(502)的进油口与所述阀腔(501)相连通，各所述供油支路(502)的出油口用于分别与各待润滑机构相连；所述阀杆(6)内设置有供油主路(601)，所述供油主路(601)的进油口用于与供油单元(3)相连；所述驱动组件(7)安装于所述阀体(5)内，用于驱动所述阀杆(6)每次转动预定角度，以使阀杆(6)上供油主路(601)的出油口依次与各所述供油支路(502)的进油口对接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的顺序供油装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件(7)包括柱塞(704)、单向棘轮(703)、齿条(702)和弹性件(701)；所述齿条(702)的一端与所述弹性件(701)相连，另一端与所述柱塞(704)相连，所述单向棘轮(703)套设于所述阀杆(6)上，所述齿条(702)与所述单向棘轮(703)相互啮合；所述阀体(5)内设有安装所述柱塞(704)、齿条(702)和弹性件(701)的安装腔，所述柱塞(704)所在的安装腔形成柱塞孔(505)，所述柱塞孔(505)与所述供油单元(3)相连；所述阀体(5)上设置有供油管路(506)，所述供油管路(506)的进油口与所述柱塞孔(505)相连通，另一端与所述阀杆(6)内供油主路(601)的进油口相连通；所述供油管路(506)的进油口位于自然状态下的柱塞(704)位置处。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的顺序供油装置，其特征在于，所述安装腔包括用于安装弹性件(701)的第一空腔(503)和用于安装齿条(702)的第二空腔(504)；第二空腔(504)的一端与第一空腔(503)相连通，另一端与柱塞孔(505)相连通；所述第二空腔(504)与第一空腔(503)和柱塞孔(505)的连通处均形成有台阶，用于分别对弹性件(701)和柱塞(704)进行限位。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的顺序供油装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件(701)为弹簧。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3或4所述的顺序供油装置，其特征在于，还包括供油开关(8)，所述供油开关(8)位于所述柱塞孔(505)与供油单元(3)之间；所述供油开关(8)包括供油管(801)、供油柱(802)、驱动机构和复位件(806)，所述供油柱(802)滑动安装于所述供油管(801)内且一端与复位件(806)相连，所述供油柱(802)的周向方向向内凹陷形成环形通道(8021)，所述供油管(801)上设置有注油孔(803)、出油孔(804)和回油孔(805)，所述驱动机构用于驱动所述供油柱(802)在开启状态与关闭状态之间 滑动；所述注油孔(803)和出油孔(804)与位于开启状态的环形通道(8021)相连通，所述出油孔(804)与回油孔(805)与位于关闭状态的环形通道(8021)相连通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的顺序供油装置，其特征在于，所述驱动机构为电磁铁或者液压单元；当驱动机构为电磁铁时，所述电磁铁位于供油管(801)于复位件(806)的一端；当驱动机构为液压单元时，用于向供油管(801)内相对于复位件(806)的一端供液压油。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的顺序供油装置，其特征在于，所述复位件(806)为弹簧。
  8. 一种挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，其特征在于，包括多条供油通道，各所述供油通道上设置有开关组件(4)，各供油通道的一端与供油单元(3)相连，另一端用于与待润滑机构相连；其中至少一条供油通道上设置有如权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的顺序供油装置，其中顺序供油装置中的阀体(5)安装于连接挖掘机小臂与油缸杆的支臂上，所述顺序供油装置中各供油支路(502)的出油口用于分别与挖掘机铲斗处的待润滑机构相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，其特征在于，还包括用于检测各待润滑机构累积转动角度或转动次数的检测件(1)，所述检测件(1)与对应供油通道上的开关组件(4)相连。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，其特征在于，所述检测件(1)为角度传感器或光电开关。
  11. 根据权利要求8～10中任意一项所述的挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，其特征在于，连接顺序供油装置的供油通道(10)包括连通的第一供油通道(101)和第二供油通道(102)，所述第一供油通道(101)位于所述小臂内，所述第二供油通道(102)位于连接小臂与支臂的销轴内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，其特征在于，连接顺序供油装置的供油通道(10)还包括连通的第三供油通道(103)和第四供油通道(104)，所述第三供油通道(103)位于连接支臂与油缸杆的销轴内，所述第四供油通道(104)位于连接油缸杆与铲斗的工字架内。
  13. 根据权利要求8～10中任意一项所述的挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，其特征在于，顺序供油装置的数量为多个，相互串联于同一供油通道(10)上；其中相邻的顺序供油装置中，其中一个顺序供油装置中的供油支路(502)的出油口与另一个顺序供油装置中的供油主路(601)的进油口相连，且供油方向为从一个顺序供油装置中的供油支路(502)的出油口流向另一个顺序供油装置中的供油主路(601)的进油口。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的挖掘机全自动润滑脂注入装置，其特征在于，除供油方向 最末端的顺序供油装置外，其它顺序供油装置的阀体内均设置有回流通道(9)，所述回流通道(9)的一端与所述供油主路(601)的进油口相连，另一端则与柱塞孔(505)相连，所述回流通道(9)与柱塞孔(505)相连的位置位于自然状态下柱塞(704)与所述柱塞孔(505)的孔口之间；所述回流通道(9)上设置有单向阀(901)，所述单向阀(901)从所述供油主路(601)的进油口向柱塞孔(505)方向单向打开。
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