WO2020145319A1 - 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法および方向性電磁鋼板 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法および方向性電磁鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet and a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- Oriented electrical steel sheet is a steel sheet that contains Si in an amount of about 2 to 5% by mass, and the crystal grain orientation of the steel sheet is highly integrated in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ 001> orientation called the Goss orientation.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet has excellent magnetic properties and is used, for example, as a core material of a static inductor such as a transformer.
- grain-oriented electrical steel sheets are required to further reduce iron loss.
- it is effective to increase the degree of integration of the crystal grains of the steel sheet in the Goss orientation to improve the magnetic flux density and reduce the hysteresis loss.
- MnS and AlN as exemplified in the following Patent Document 1 are used as inhibitors, and a method of rolling at a reduction ratio of more than 80% in the final cold rolling step is exemplified, or the following Patent Document 2 is exemplified.
- a method of using such MnS and MnSe as inhibitors and performing two cold rolling steps can be mentioned.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique of adding 100 to 5000 g/T of Bi to molten steel.
- a technique for improving the magnetic flux density in the final product plate when Bi is added to molten steel is disclosed.
- the following Patent Documents 4 to 6 disclose techniques for improving the adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet by adding a compound of a rare earth metal and a compound of an alkaline earth metal to an annealing separator together.
- Patent Document 7 discloses a technique of manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a reduced iron loss over the entire coil length by controlling the heat pattern in the temperature rising process of primary recrystallization annealing.
- Patent Document 8 discloses a technique for reducing the iron loss value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet by strictly controlling the average grain size of the crystal grains after secondary recrystallization and the deviation angle from the ideal orientation. Is disclosed.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-15644 Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-13469 JP-A-6-88171 Japanese Patent No. 5419459 Japanese Patent No. 5230194 JP 2012-214902 A International Publication No. 2014/049770 Pamphlet JP-A-7-268567
- Patent Document 7 in the temperature rising process of the primary recrystallization annealing, by rapidly raising the temperature between 500° C. and 600° C. at 100° C./s or more, the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet It has been confirmed that the magnetic properties can be greatly affected.
- Patent Document 8 discloses that in the temperature raising process of the primary recrystallization annealing, the temperature raising temperature up to 850°C is set to 300°C/s.
- Patent Documents 7 and 8 above details of how the magnetic properties of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet are affected when the temperature rising rate of the rapid temperature rising in primary recrystallization annealing is further increased will be described. Had not been considered by.
- the rapid temperature rise in primary recrystallization annealing causes large variations in the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet for each coil. Therefore, even if rapid temperature rising is performed, a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with low iron loss may not be obtained depending on the conditions of the content of the annealing separator.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to add Bi to molten steel to enhance the heat resistance of the inhibitor and at the same time to perform rapid recrystallization annealing.
- an object of the present invention is to add Bi to molten steel to enhance the heat resistance of the inhibitor and at the same time to perform rapid recrystallization annealing.
- the temperature is increased, it is possible to produce a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a higher magnetic flux density and excellent adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet, a method for producing a new and improved grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, and It is to provide a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method.
- C 0.02% or more and 0.10% or less
- Si 2.5% or more and 4.5% or less
- Mn 0. 0.01% or more and 0.15% or less
- the sum of one or two of S and Se 0.001% or more and 0.050% or less
- acid-soluble Al 0.01% or more and 0.05% or less
- N 0.002% or more and 0.015% or less
- Bi 0.0005% or more and 0.05% or less
- the balance slab consisting of Fe and impurities is heated to 1280° C. or more to perform hot rolling.
- a step of forming a hot-rolled steel sheet by performing the hot-rolled steel sheet annealing to the hot-rolled steel sheet, and then performing cold rolling once or two or more cold rolling steps with intermediate annealing A step of forming a rolled steel sheet, a step of subjecting the cold rolled steel sheet to primary recrystallization annealing, and a step of applying an annealing separator containing MgO to the surface of the cold rolled steel sheet after primary recrystallization annealing, and then applying a finish annealing And a step of applying an insulating coating to the steel sheet after finish annealing and then performing flattening annealing, In the temperature rising process of the primary recrystallization annealing, the average temperature rising rate Va1 (° C./s) between the temperature rising start and 550° C., the average temperature rising rate Va2 (° C./s) between 550° C.
- the average heating rate Va3 (° C./s) between 700° C. and the end of heating is Va1 ⁇ Va2, 400 ⁇ Va2, Va3 ⁇ Va2.
- the filling, In the annealing separator when the MgO content in the annealing separator is 100% by mass, TiO 2 is 0.5% or more and 10% or less, an oxide, a sulfide, a sulfate of a rare earth metal, One or more of silicides, phosphates, hydroxides, carbonates, borides, chlorides, and fluorides of 0.1% to 10% in terms of rare earth metal, Ca, Sr, and Ba.
- C 0.005% or less
- Si 2.5 to 4.5%
- Mn 0.01 to 0
- Grain-oriented electrical steel sheet including a base material steel sheet containing 0.1% of 0.1% and a balance of Fe and impurities, and a primary coating formed on the surface of the base material steel sheet and containing Mg 2 SiO 4 as a main component.
- the peak position D Al of the Al emission intensity obtained when performing elemental analysis by glow discharge emission spectrometry in the plate thickness direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet from the surface of the primary coating is the plate thickness from the surface of the primary coating.
- the number density ND of Al oxide is 0.02 to 0.20 pieces/ ⁇ m 2
- elemental analysis was performed by glow discharge emission spectrometry from the surface of the primary coating in the plate thickness direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the peak position D S of the S emission intensity obtained at this time is in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 ⁇ m from the surface of the primary coating in the plate thickness direction, and D S ⁇ D Al , and the magnetic flux density is There is provided a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a B8 value of 1.92T or more.
- the base steel sheet is, in mass %, Cu: 0.01% or more and 0.30% or less, Sn: 0.01% or more and 0.30% or less, Ni: 0.01% or more. You may further contain 0.31% or less, Cr:0.01% or more and 0.30% or less, or Sb:0.01% or more and 0.30% or less any 1 type or 2 types or more.
- Bi is added to the molten steel to enhance the heat resistance of the inhibitor, and at the same time, by appropriately adding the rare earth metal compound and the alkaline earth metal compound to the annealing separator, the adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet is improved.
- Goss-oriented grains in the vicinity of the surface layer which are increased by increasing the heating rate of the primary recrystallization annealing, and the sulfur element content in the annealing separator, the heating rate in the finish annealing, and the annealing separator. It is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that can improve the magnetic flux density by appropriately controlling the amount of water released from the steel sheet, which makes it difficult to disappear in the secondary recrystallization process.
- the average temperature rising rate Va2 (°C/s) between 550°C and 700°C in the temperature rising process of the primary recrystallization annealing is plotted on the abscissa, and the content of sulfate or sulfide in the annealing separator is converted to elemental sulfur. It is the graph figure which plotted the result shown in Table 1 by taking quantity A (%) on the vertical axis.
- the notation “A to B” for the numerical values A and B means “A or more and B or less”.
- the unit is also applied to the numerical value A.
- the present inventors are expected to enhance the heat resistance of the inhibitor and improve the magnetic flux density by adding Bi to the molten steel, but the adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet is expected. With respect to the problem of deterioration, it has been found that the adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet can be improved by adding a rare earth metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound to the annealing separator.
- the grain size of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is high depending on the temperature rising rate of primary recrystallization annealing, the temperature rising rate of finish annealing, and the moisture release condition from the annealing separator. There was a problem that the magnetic flux density could not be obtained.
- the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies from the viewpoint that the Goss-oriented grains near the surface layer increased by increasing the temperature rising rate of the primary recrystallization annealing are difficult to disappear in the secondary recrystallization process, It was found that the magnetic flux density can be improved by appropriately controlling the sulfur element content in the annealing separator, the temperature rising rate in finish annealing, and the amount of water released from the annealing separator.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having the following configuration.
- C 0.02% or more and 0.10% or less
- Si 2.5% or more and 4.5% or less
- Mn 0.01% or more and 0.15% or less
- acid-soluble Al 0.01% or more and 0.05% or less
- N 0.002% or more and 0.015% or less
- Bi 0.0005 % Or more and 0.05% or less
- the slab is heated to 1280° C.
- hot-rolled sheet annealing After performing hot-rolled sheet annealing, by performing cold rolling once or more cold rolling sandwiching intermediate annealing, a step of forming a cold-rolled steel sheet, and a primary recrystallization annealing to the cold-rolled steel sheet.
- Step of applying after applying an annealing separator containing MgO on the surface of the cold rolled steel sheet after primary recrystallization annealing, a step of applying finish annealing, and applying an insulating coating to the steel sheet after finish annealing, and then flattening Including a step of applying annealing,
- the average temperature rising rate Va1 (° C./s) between the temperature rising start and 550° C.
- the average temperature rising rate Va2 (° C./s) between 550° C. and 700° C.
- the average heating rate Va3 (° C./s) between 700° C.
- the temperature rate Vf (° C./h) is 5 ⁇ Vf ⁇ (21-4 ⁇ A).
- the content of C (carbon) is 0.02% or more and 0.10% or less.
- C has various roles, when the content of C is less than 0.02%, the crystal grain size becomes excessively large during heating of the slab, which causes the iron loss of the final grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. It is not preferable because it increases the value. If the C content exceeds 0.10%, the decarburization time becomes long during decarburization after cold rolling, and the manufacturing cost increases, which is not preferable. Further, if the C content exceeds 0.10%, decarburization is likely to be incomplete, and magnetic aging may occur in the final grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, which is not preferable. Therefore, the content of C is 0.02% or more and 0.10% or less, and preferably 0.05% or more and 0.09% or less.
- the content of Si is 2.5% or more and 4.5% or less.
- Si increases the electrical resistance of the steel sheet and reduces eddy current loss, which is one of the causes of iron loss. If the Si content is less than 2.5%, it becomes difficult to sufficiently suppress the eddy current loss of the final grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, which is not preferable. When the Si content exceeds 4.5%, the workability of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is deteriorated, which is not preferable. Therefore, the Si content is 2.5% or more and 4.5% or less, and preferably 2.7% or more and 4.0% or less.
- the content of Mn (manganese) is 0.01% or more and 0.15% or less.
- Mn forms MnS and MnSe, which are inhibitors that influence secondary recrystallization. If the Mn content is less than 0.01%, the absolute amounts of MnS and MnSe that cause secondary recrystallization are insufficient, which is not preferable. If the Mn content exceeds 0.15%, it is difficult to form a solid solution with Mn when the slab is heated, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the Mn content exceeds 0.15%, the precipitation size of MnS and MnSe, which are inhibitors, tends to be coarse, and the optimum size distribution as an inhibitor is impaired, which is not preferable. Therefore, the Mn content is 0.01% or more and 0.15% or less, and preferably 0.03% or more and 0.13% or less.
- the total content of S (sulfur) and Se (selenium) is 0.001% or more and 0.050% or less.
- S and Se form an inhibitor with Mn mentioned above. Both S and Se may be contained in the slab, but at least one of them may be contained in the slab. If the total content of S and Se is out of the above range, a sufficient inhibitory effect cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. Therefore, the total content of S and Se is 0.001% or more and 0.050% or less, and preferably 0.001% or more and 0.040% or less.
- the content of acid-soluble Al is 0.01% or more and 0.05% or less.
- the acid-soluble Al constitutes an inhibitor necessary for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a high magnetic flux density.
- the content of the acid-soluble Al is less than 0.01%, the amount of the acid-soluble Al is insufficient and the inhibitor strength is insufficient, which is not preferable.
- the content of the acid-soluble Al is more than 0.05%, AlN precipitated as an inhibitor becomes coarse and the inhibitor strength is lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, the content of the acid-soluble Al is 0.01% or more and 0.05% or less, and preferably 0.01% or more and 0.04% or less.
- N nitrogen
- N nitrogen
- N forms an inhibitor, AlN, with the acid-soluble Al described above. If the N content is out of the above range, a sufficient inhibitory effect cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. Therefore, the N content is 0.002% or more and 0.015% or less, and preferably 0.002% or more and 0.012% or less.
- the Bi (bismuth) content is 0.0005% or more and 0.05% or less. It is presumed that Bi has the effect of enhancing the heat resistance of MnS and AlN, which are inhibitors, increasing the secondary recrystallization temperature, and improving the magnetic flux density. If the Bi content is less than 0.0005%, a sufficient inhibitor heat resistance-enhancing effect cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. If the Bi content is more than 0.05%, the brittleness of the steel sheet in hot rolling deteriorates, making it difficult to pass the steel sheet and reducing the productivity, which is not preferable. Therefore, the content of Bi is 0.0005% or more and 0.05% or less, and preferably 0.0010% or more and 0.02% or less.
- the slab used for manufacturing the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is, in addition to the above-mentioned elements, any one of Cu, Sn, Ni, Cr, or Sb as an element that stabilizes secondary recrystallization. You may contain 1 type(s) or 2 or more types. When the slab contains the above elements, the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet produced can be further improved.
- the content of each of these elements may be 0.01% or more and 0.3% or less. If the content of each of these elements is less than 0.01%, the effect of stabilizing secondary recrystallization cannot be sufficiently obtained, which is not preferable. When the content of each of these elements exceeds 0.3%, the effect of stabilizing secondary recrystallization is saturated, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in manufacturing cost.
- a slab is formed by casting the molten steel adjusted to the composition described above.
- the method of casting the slab is not particularly limited. Further, in research and development, even if a steel ingot is formed in a vacuum melting furnace or the like, the same effects as in the case where a slab is formed can be confirmed for the above components.
- the slab is heated and hot-rolled to form a hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the inhibitor component in the slab is completely dissolved. If the heating temperature of the slab is lower than 1280° C., it is difficult to sufficiently solution-ize the inhibitor components such as MnS, MnSe, and AlN, which is not preferable.
- the upper limit of the heating temperature of the slab at this time is not particularly specified, but is preferably 1450° C. from the viewpoint of equipment protection, and for example, the heating temperature of the slab may be 1300° C. or more and 1450° C. or less.
- the thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet after processing may be, for example, 1.8 mm or more and 3.5 mm or less.
- the thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet is less than 1.8 mm, the temperature of the steel sheet after hot rolling is lowered and the precipitation amount of AlN in the steel sheet is increased, so that the secondary recrystallization becomes unstable and the final In a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a typical thickness of 0.23 mm or less, the magnetic properties are deteriorated, which is not preferable. If the thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet is more than 3.5 mm, the rolling load in the cold rolling process becomes large, which is not preferable.
- the processed hot-rolled steel sheet is subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing, and then cold-rolled once, or cold-rolled a plurality of times with intermediate annealing, thereby cold rolling. Processed into steel plate. In the case of rolling by cold rolling a plurality of times with the intermediate annealing sandwiched, it is possible to omit the hot-rolled sheet annealing in the preceding stage. However, when the hot-rolled sheet is annealed, the shape of the steel sheet becomes better, so that the possibility of the steel sheet breaking during cold rolling can be reduced.
- the steel sheet may be heat-treated at about 300° C. or lower during cold rolling passes, between rolling roll stands, or during rolling. In such a case, the magnetic properties of the final grain-oriented electrical steel sheet can be improved.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet may be rolled by cold rolling three or more times. However, since the cold rolling of many times increases the manufacturing cost, the hot-rolled steel sheet is cold-rolled once or twice. It is preferably rolled by rolling. When cold rolling is performed by reverse rolling such as a Sendzimir mill, the number of passes in each cold rolling is not particularly limited, but is preferably 9 or less from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
- the temperature rise is started from around room temperature and the temperature is raised to about the decarburization annealing temperature, and the rate of temperature rise during that period is various.
- the average heating rate Va1 (° C./s) between the start of temperature rising and 550° C.
- the average heating rate Va2 (° C./s between 550° C. and 700° C. )
- the average heating rate Va3 (° C./s) between 700° C. and the end of heating is Va1 ⁇ Va2, 400 ⁇ Va2, Va3 ⁇ Va2.
- the temperature rising start temperature and ultimate temperature of the primary recrystallization annealing are not particularly limited.
- the rapid temperature rise of the cold-rolled steel sheet in the primary recrystallization annealing is such that the average heating rate Va2 between 550°C and 700°C is 400°C/s or more.
- the Goss-oriented grains before secondary recrystallization of the cold-rolled steel sheet can be further increased, and the final magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet can be improved.
- the temperature range of the rapid temperature rise is 550°C to 700°C.
- the average heating rate Va2 between 550° C. and 700° C. is 700° C./s or more
- Goss-oriented grains before secondary recrystallization can be further increased, and the final grain-oriented electrical steel sheet It is more preferable because the magnetic flux density can be further improved.
- the average rate of temperature rise Va2 is less than 400° C./s
- the Goss-oriented grains are insufficient, and therefore, in the secondary recrystallization process, oriented grains other than the oriented grains close to the ideal Goss orientation, for example, swinging Goss-oriented grains. Since abnormal grain growth also occurs, the magnetic flux density of the final grain-oriented electrical steel sheet deteriorates, which is not preferable.
- the steel sheet of sulfur contained in the annealing separator is added in the finish annealing temperature rising process.
- the mechanism that promotes the invasion of water is not necessarily clear, but it is presumed as follows. First, in the temperature rising process of the primary recrystallization annealing, when the average temperature rising rate between 550° C. and 700° C. is 400° C./s or more, the residence time at 550° C. to 700° C. is short, so that an oxide layer is formed, In particular, formation of an external oxide film is suppressed.
- the formation amount of the outer oxide film is reduced, so that the formation of the inner oxide layer is promoted.
- the interface between the internal oxide layer and the base metal serves as a path for sulfur diffusion, which promotes the infiltration of sulfur from the annealing separating agent during the temperature rising process during finish annealing.
- the average heating rate Va2 between 550° C. and 700° C. is the average heating rate when the temperature of the steel sheet rises from 550° C. to 700° C.
- Such rapid temperature rise can be carried out by using, for example, an electric heating method or an induction heating method.
- the average heating rate Va1 (°C/s) between the start of heating and 550°C is Va1 ⁇ Va2.
- Va1>Va2 the temperature of the steel sheet becomes non-uniform before the rapid temperature rise between 550° C. and 700° C., the rapid heating effect varies, and the magnetic properties of the finally obtained grain-oriented electrical steel sheet are improved. It is not preferable because it may not be done.
- the average heating rate Va3 (°C/s) between 700°C and the end of heating is Va3 ⁇ Va2.
- Va3>Va2 the oxide film after decarburization annealing changes and the expected effect of infiltration of sulfur from the annealing separating agent in the final annealing temperature rising process cannot be obtained, and the finally obtained grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. It is not preferable because the magnetic properties of may not be improved.
- the temperature raising process may be performed by a plurality of devices. For example, recovery of the steel sheet, that is, holding or gradual cooling at a temperature lower than 550° C. at which the dislocation density in the steel decreases, can be performed because the temperature uniformity of the steel sheet before the temperature rise can be improved. I don't care. Further, the temperature raising process including the temperature raising from 550° C. to 700° C. may also be performed by one or more devices.
- the point at which the temperature rise is started means a transition from a state where the temperature of the steel sheet is decreased to a state where the temperature of the steel sheet is increased on the low temperature side of 550° C. or lower (that is, a point where the temperature change has a minimum value).
- the point at which the temperature rise is completed means a transition from a state where the temperature of the steel sheet is increased to a state where the temperature of the steel sheet is decreased (that is, a point where the temperature change has a maximum value) on the high temperature side of 700° C. or higher. ).
- the method of determining the temperature rising start point and the rapid temperature rising end point is not particularly limited, but it is possible to make the determination by measuring the steel plate temperature using a radiation thermometer or the like.
- the method for measuring the steel plate temperature is not particularly limited. Further, even if the temperature rising end temperature of the primary recrystallization is lower than or higher than the subsequent decarburization annealing temperature, the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- the temperature increase termination temperature of the primary recrystallization is lower than the decarburization annealing temperature
- heating may be performed in the decarburization annealing step.
- heat treatment or gas cooling treatment may be performed to cool the steel sheet temperature. Further, after cooling to a temperature lower than the decarburization annealing temperature, it may be reheated in the decarburization annealing step.
- the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the steel sheet to the temperature raising device during the temperature raising process may be used as the temperature raising start point and the rapid temperature raising end point.
- the oxygen partial pressure ratio that is, the vapor partial pressure P H2O and the hydrogen partial pressure P H2 in the atmosphere.
- the ratio P H2O /P H2 may be, for example, 0.1 or less.
- the cold-rolled steel sheet is decarburized and annealed.
- the decarburization annealing is performed at a temperature of 900° C. or lower in a wet atmosphere containing hydrogen and nitrogen.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may be subjected to decarburization annealing and then reduction annealing for the purpose of improving magnetic properties and coating properties.
- finish annealing is performed on the cold rolled steel sheet after the primary recrystallization annealing.
- an annealing separator containing MgO as a main component is applied before finish annealing for the purpose of preventing seizure between steel sheets, forming a primary coating film, controlling secondary recrystallization behavior, and the like.
- the annealing separator is generally applied and dried on the surface of the steel sheet in the state of water slurry, but an electrostatic coating method or the like may be used.
- the additive of the annealing separator has a great influence particularly on the adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet and the secondary recrystallization behavior.
- the content is the content (% by mass) of the additive when the content of MgO, which is the main component of the annealing separator, is 100% by mass.
- the “main component” means a component contained in a certain substance in an amount of 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 90% by mass or more.
- Adhesion amount of the steel sheet in the annealing separating agent, per side for example, preferably 2 g / m 2 or more 10 g / m 2 or less. If the amount of the annealing separator attached to the steel sheet is less than 2 g/m 2 , the steel sheets will be seized with each other in the finish annealing, which is not preferable. If the amount of the annealing separator deposited on the steel sheet exceeds 10 g/m 2 , the manufacturing cost will increase, which is not preferable.
- the content of TiO 2 is 0.5% or more and 10% or less.
- TiO 2 has a great influence on the adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet. If it is less than 0.5%, the effect of improving the adhesion is not sufficient, and if it is more than 10%, Ti dissolves in the steel sheet during the finish annealing process, and fine precipitates such as TiC are formed later. It is not preferable because it may deteriorate magnetism (magnetic aging). Therefore, the content of TiO 2 is 0.5% or more and 10% or less, and more preferably 1.0% or more and 8% or less.
- the content of the rare earth metal compound is 0.1% or more and 10% or less in terms of rare earth metal. If it is less than 0.1%, the effect of improving the adhesiveness is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 10%, the manufacturing cost increases, which is not preferable. Therefore, the content of the rare earth metal compound is 0.1% or more and 10% or less in terms of rare earth metal, and more preferably 0.2% or more and 8% or less.
- the rare earth metal compound is not particularly limited and may be one of oxides, sulfides, sulfates, silicides, phosphates, hydroxides, carbonates, borides, chlorides, and fluorides. You may mix 2 or more types.
- the rare earth metal compound it is more preferable to use a compound of La, Ce, or Y from the viewpoint of easy availability and cost. That is, in the present invention, the rare earth metal is more preferably selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, and Y.
- the content of the alkaline earth metal compound is 0.1% or more and 10% or less in terms of alkaline earth metal. If it is less than 0.1%, the effect of improving the adhesiveness is not sufficient, and if it is more than 10%, the coating property of the annealing separator slurry is deteriorated, which is not preferable. Therefore, the content of the alkaline earth metal compound is 0.1% or more and 10% or less in terms of alkaline earth metal, and more preferably 0.2% or more and 8% or less.
- the alkaline earth metal compound is not particularly limited, but the alkaline earth metal sulfate, carbonate, hydroxide, chloride and oxide selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr and Ba are used. It is preferable that these compounds be used, and these compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of sulfate or sulfide satisfies the condition of (0.00025 ⁇ Va2) ⁇ A ⁇ 1.5 in terms of A% in terms of sulfur element.
- a ⁇ (0.00025 ⁇ Va2) the effect of increasing the temperature rising rate of primary recrystallization annealing to increase Goss-oriented grains cannot be utilized, and the effect of improving the magnetic flux density becomes small, which is not preferable.
- 1.5 ⁇ A secondary recrystallization becomes unstable, which is not preferable. Therefore, the content of sulfate or sulfide satisfies the condition of (0.00025 ⁇ Va2) ⁇ A ⁇ 1.5 as A% in terms of sulfur element.
- the sulfate or sulfide contained in the annealing separator affects the behavior of the inhibitor strength in the secondary recrystallization process. That is, by setting the temperature rising rate of the primary recrystallization annealing to 400° C./s or more, Goss-oriented grains mainly increase near the surface layer.
- the annealing separator contains a sulfur compound, sulfur infiltrates (sulfides) into the steel sheet in the secondary recrystallization process to form MnS in the steel, thereby improving the inhibitor strength near the surface layer.
- the MnS formation behavior is strongly influenced by the temperature rising rate of finish annealing and the moisture release rate from the annealing separator.
- a grain growth suppression layer of MnS is formed near the surface layer, and It is presumed that the surface layer Goss oriented grains are less likely to be eroded by the other oriented grains during the crystallization process and the magnetic flux density is improved.
- finish annealing is performed for the purpose of forming a primary film and secondary recrystallization.
- the finish annealing may be performed, for example, by heat-treating the coil-shaped steel sheet using a batch heating furnace or the like.
- a purification treatment may be performed in which the coiled steel sheet is heated to a temperature of about 1200° C. and then held.
- the temperature is generally raised from about room temperature, and the temperature rising rate of the finish annealing is various.
- the moisture release rate from the annealing separator between room temperature and 700° C. is 0.5% or more and 6.0% or less, and between 900° C. and 1100° C. It is characterized in that the average heating rate Vf of is within a predetermined range.
- the water release rate from the annealing separator from room temperature to 700°C during the temperature rising process of the finish annealing shows the state of the internal oxide layer formed by decarburization annealing, and the infiltration of sulfur from the annealing separator to the steel sheet starts. It is very important to keep proper up.
- the water release rate from the annealing separating agent from room temperature to 700° C. in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 0.5% or more and 6.0% or less. If the water release rate is less than 0.5%, the amount of additional oxidation during the temperature of the finish annealing is insufficient, and the internal oxide layer becomes discontinuous in the process of aggregating, and the sulfur diffusion path from the surface to the inner layer disappears. It is not preferable.
- the water release rate from the annealing separating agent from room temperature to 700° C. in the temperature rising process of the finishing annealing is, for example, from the surface of the steel sheet annealed until the finishing annealing is started after the annealing separating agent is applied and dried. It may be measured as the weight loss rate during the temperature rise from room temperature to 700° C. after recovering the separating agent.
- the atmosphere during the temperature increase from room temperature to 700° C. may be nitrogen or Ar.
- the weight reduction rate may be calculated by placing the annealing separator in a crucible and measuring the weight before and after the temperature rise, or may be measured with a thermogravimetric measuring device.
- the average heating rate Vf (°C/h) between 900°C and 1100°C in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 5 ⁇ Vf ⁇ (21-4 x A).
- Vf ⁇ 5 the heat treatment time becomes too long and the productivity deteriorates, which is not preferable.
- (21-4 ⁇ A) ⁇ Vf the temperature rising rate was too fast and the sulfate or sulfide in the annealing separator decomposed, and the amount of sulfur entering the steel became insufficient, and near the surface layer.
- the grain growth suppressing layer is not sufficiently formed by MnS, which is not preferable.
- the average heating rate Vf (°C/h) between 900°C and 1100°C in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 5 ⁇ Vf ⁇ (21-4 ⁇ A).
- the average heating rate Vf is the average heating rate when the temperature of the steel sheet rises from 900°C to 1100°C, but when finish annealing is performed on a coiled steel sheet using a batch type heating furnace.
- the average heating rate Vf may be calculated from the temperature of the heating furnace or the temperature of the coil surface.
- the temperature range of the average heating rate Vf is 900°C to 1100°C.
- the temperature rising start temperature of the average temperature rising rate Vf is higher than 900° C., it is a temperature range in which abnormal grain growth of oriented grains other than Goss oriented grains is also possible. Therefore, rapid temperature rising rate and annealing separation in primary recrystallization annealing are performed. This is not preferable because the effect of preferential growth of Goss-oriented grains by the average heating rate Vf defined by the sulfur element conversion amount in the agent is reduced.
- the end temperature of the average temperature rising rate Vf is less than 1100° C., the secondary recrystallization of Goss-oriented grains is not completed, and abnormal grain growth of other oriented grains may occur. This is not preferable because the effect of preferential growth of Goss-oriented grains by the temperature rate Vf is reduced.
- the heat pattern in the temperature range of 1100° C. or higher in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is not particularly limited, and general finish annealing conditions can be used. For example, it may be 5° C./h to 100° C./h from the viewpoint of productivity and general facility restrictions. Alternatively, another known heat pattern may be used. Also in the cooling process, the heat pattern is not particularly limited.
- the atmosphere gas composition during finish annealing is not particularly limited.
- a mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen may be used in the secondary recrystallization process.
- a dry atmosphere or a wet atmosphere may be used.
- the purification annealing may be dry hydrogen gas.
- Step of performing flattening annealing for the purpose of imparting insulation and tension to the steel sheet, for example, an insulating coating containing aluminum phosphate or colloidal silica as a main component is applied to the surface of the steel sheet.
- flattening annealing is performed for the purpose of baking the insulating film and flattening the steel sheet shape by finish annealing.
- the components of the insulating coating are not particularly limited as long as the insulating property and the tension are applied to the steel plate.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet may be subjected to magnetic domain control processing depending on the purpose of the consumer.
- the final process can manufacture the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. According to the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, it is possible to manufacture a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties and excellent adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet thus obtained is processed into a transformer, for example, in a wound core transformer, after being wound into a predetermined size, the shape is corrected by a die or the like.
- the inner peripheral side of the iron core is processed with a very small radius of curvature.
- the coating peeling area ratio is 10% or less in the bending work adhesion test of 10 mm ⁇ .
- the film peeling area ratio is the ratio of the area of the region where the primary film peels to the total area of the sample steel sheet.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes a base material steel sheet containing predetermined components and a primary coating film formed on the surface of the base material steel sheet and containing Mg 2 SiO 4 as a main component. ..
- the C is an element effective in controlling the structure until the completion of the decarburization annealing process in the manufacturing process.
- the C content is 0.005% or less, preferably 0.003% or less.
- it is preferable that the C content is low, but even if the C content is reduced to less than 0.0001%, the effect of controlling the structure is saturated and the manufacturing cost only increases. Therefore, the C content may be 0.0001% or more.
- Si reduces the eddy current loss that forms part of the iron loss by increasing the electrical resistance of the steel sheet.
- Si is preferably contained in the base steel sheet in a range of 2.5% to 4.5% in mass %, and is contained in the base steel sheet in a range of 2.7% to 4.0%. More preferably. If the Si content is less than 2.5%, it becomes difficult to suppress the eddy current loss of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, which is not preferable. When the Si content exceeds 4.5%, the workability of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is deteriorated, which is not preferable.
- Mn forms MnS and MnSe, which are inhibitors that influence secondary recrystallization.
- Mn is preferably contained in the base steel sheet in a range of 0.01% to 0.15% by mass%, and is contained in the base steel sheet in a range of 0.03% to 0.13%. More preferably. If the Mn content is less than 0.01%, the absolute amounts of MnS and MnSe that cause secondary recrystallization are insufficient, which is not preferable. If the Mn content exceeds 0.15%, it becomes difficult to form a solid solution of Mn during slab heating, and the precipitation size of the inhibitor becomes coarse, so that the optimum size distribution of the inhibitor is impaired, which is not preferable.
- the balance of the chemical composition of the base steel sheet of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention consists of Fe and impurities.
- the impurities are not limited to intentionally added when industrially manufacturing the base steel sheet, but also include ore as a raw material, scrap, or those unavoidably mixed from the manufacturing environment. Or, the following elements and the like which remain in the steel without being completely purified in the purification annealing are allowed within a range that does not adversely affect the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention.
- the upper limit of the total content of impurities is about 5%.
- the base steel sheet of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment contains any one or more of Cu, Sn, Ni, Cr, or Sb as an element that stabilizes secondary recrystallization. May be.
- the base steel sheet contains the above elements, the iron loss value can be further reduced, so that better magnetic properties can be obtained.
- the content of each of these elements may be 0.01% or more and 0.3% or less by mass %. If the content of each of these elements is less than 0.01%, the effect of stabilizing secondary recrystallization cannot be sufficiently obtained, which is not preferable. If the content of each of these elements exceeds 0.3%, the effect of stabilizing secondary recrystallization is saturated, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in the manufacturing cost of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the present inventors have also found that there is a close relationship between the adhesion between the primary coating and the steel sheet and the distribution of Al oxide in the primary coating. That is, in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention, the peak position D Al of the Al emission intensity obtained when the elemental analysis by the glow discharge emission spectrometry is carried out from the surface of the primary coating in the thickness direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, It is arranged within the range of 2.0 to 12.0 ⁇ m in the plate thickness direction from the surface of the primary coating.
- the interface between the primary coating and the steel sheet has a fitting structure. Specifically, a part of the primary coating penetrates into the inside of the steel sheet from the surface of the steel sheet. A part of the primary coating that penetrates into the steel sheet from the surface of the steel sheet exhibits a so-called anchor effect to enhance the adhesion of the primary coating to the steel sheet.
- a part of the primary coating that has entered from the surface of the steel sheet into the inside of the steel sheet is defined as the “root of the primary coating”.
- the main component of the root of the primary coating is spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ) which is a type of Al oxide. It is presumed that the peak of the Al emission intensity obtained when the elemental analysis by the glow discharge emission spectrometry is carried out reflects the existence position of the spinel.
- the depth position from the surface of the primary coating of the above Al emission intensity peak is defined as the Al peak position D Al ( ⁇ m).
- the Al peak position D Al is less than 2.0 ⁇ m, it means that the spinel is formed at a shallow position from the steel plate surface. That is, it means that the root of the primary film is shallow. In this case, the adhesion of the primary coating is low, which is not preferable.
- the Al peak position D Al exceeds 12.0 ⁇ m, the root of the primary coating is excessively developed, and the root of the primary coating penetrates deep inside the steel sheet. In this case, the root of the primary coating hinders domain wall movement. As a result, the magnetic characteristics deteriorate, which is not preferable.
- the Al peak position D Al is 2.0 to 12.0 ⁇ m, the adhesion of the coating can be enhanced while maintaining excellent magnetic properties.
- the Al peak position D Al is more preferably 3.0 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the Al peak position D Al can be measured by the following method. Elemental analysis is carried out using the well-known glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS method). Specifically, an Ar atmosphere is set on the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. A voltage is applied to the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet to generate glow plasma, and the surface of the steel sheet is sputtered and analyzed in the sheet thickness direction.
- GDS method glow discharge emission spectrometry
- Al contained in the surface layer of the steel sheet is identified on the basis of the emission spectrum wavelength peculiar to the element generated when atoms are excited in glow plasma. Further, the emission intensity of the identified Al is plotted in the depth direction. The Al peak position D Al is obtained based on the plotted Al emission intensity.
- the depth position from the surface of the primary coating in elemental analysis can be calculated based on the sputtering time. Specifically, the relationship between the sputtering time and the sputtering depth (hereinafter referred to as the sample result) is obtained in advance for the standard sample. Using the sample results, the sputter time is converted to sputter depth. The converted sputter depth is defined as a depth position (depth position from the surface of the primary coating) obtained by elemental analysis (Al analysis). In the GDS method of the present invention, a commercially available high frequency glow discharge emission spectrometer can be used.
- the final sputter depth at the time of sample measurement is preferably 1.5 times or more and 3 times or less than the Al peak position D Al in order to evaluate the Al peak position D Al without variation. Note that this measurement may be performed after the steel sheet after the application and baking of the insulating coating is immersed in a high temperature alkaline solution to remove the insulating coating and then washed with water.
- the number density ND of Al oxides at the Al peak position D Al is 0.02 to 0.20 pieces/ ⁇ m 2 .
- the Al peak position D Al corresponds to the root portion of the primary coating.
- the number density ND of Al oxides is 0.02 to 0.20 pieces/ ⁇ m 2 .
- the Al oxide number density ND is more preferably 0.03 to 0.15/ ⁇ m 2 .
- the Al oxide number density ND can be obtained by the following method.
- a glow discharge emission analyzer is used to perform glow discharge up to the Al peak position D Al .
- an elemental analysis by an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) is performed on an arbitrary region (observation region) of 30 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m or more, and The Al oxide is specified.
- EDS energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer
- the Al oxide is specified.
- a region in which 50% or more of the characteristic X-ray intensity of O is analyzed is specified as an oxide.
- the specified oxide region a region in which 30% or more of the intensity of the specific X-ray of Al is analyzed with respect to the maximum intensity of the specific X-ray of Al is specified as the Al oxide.
- the specified Al oxide is mainly spinel, and may be a silicate containing various alkaline earth metals and Al at high concentrations.
- the present inventors have found that a part of the sulfur element contained in the sulfate or sulfide used for the inhibitor control in the secondary recrystallization process is a rare earth metal or alkaline earth metal contained in the annealing separator. It has been found that sulfides are formed by reacting with and remain in the primary coating or the steel sheet or its interface even after finish annealing.
- the peak position D S of the S emission intensity obtained when performing elemental analysis by the glow discharge emission spectrometry from the surface of the primary coating in the thickness direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is: It is arranged within the range of 1.0 to 10.0 ⁇ m in the plate thickness direction from the surface of the primary coating, and D S ⁇ D Al .
- the peak position D S of the S emission intensity is arranged within the range of 1.0 to 6.0 ⁇ m in the plate thickness direction from the surface of the primary coating, and D S ⁇ D Al .
- the sulfur compound contained in the annealing separator decomposes in the secondary recrystallization process, and sulfur penetrates (sulfides) into the steel sheet to form MnS in the steel, whereby the inhibitor strength near the surface layer is improved.
- the average heating rate Va2 between 550° C. and 700° C. is 400° C./s or more and the average heating rate Va3 between 700° C. and the end of heating is Va3 ⁇ Va2.
- the formation of internal oxide layers is promoted in the subsequent decarburization annealing, the interface between these internal oxide layers and the base iron becomes a sulfur diffusion path, and the infiltration of sulfur from the annealing separator is promoted during the final annealing temperature rising process. It is speculated that Also, the moisture release rate from the annealing separator from room temperature to 700°C during the temperature rising process of finish annealing also affects sulfurization, and by appropriately performing additional oxidation during the temperature rising process of finish annealing, the steel sheet surface to the inner layer side It is speculated that the sulfur diffusion path up to is maintained.
- the magnetic flux density B8 value may be further controlled.
- the magnetic flux density B8 value is preferably 1.92T or more, more preferably 1.93T or more.
- the magnetic flux density B8 value is the magnetic flux density when a magnetic field of 800 A/m is applied to the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet at 50 Hz.
- the iron loss value in particular, hysteresis loss
- the upper limit of the magnetic flux density B8 value is not particularly limited, but may be 2.0T in reality.
- the magnetic properties of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet such as the magnetic flux density can be measured by a known method.
- the magnetic properties of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets are measured by using a method based on the Epstein test specified by JIS C2550, or a single plate magnetic property test method (Single Sheet Tester: SST) specified by JIS C2556. be able to.
- a test piece may be sampled so as to have a width of 60 mm and a length of 300 mm, and the measurement may be performed in accordance with the single plate magnetic property test method.
- the obtained result may be multiplied by a correction coefficient so that a measurement value equivalent to the method based on the Epstein test is obtained.
- the measurement is performed by the measuring method based on the single plate magnetic property test method.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment has been described.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment can be manufactured by the above-described method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment.
- the method is not limited to this.
- Example 1 First, in mass%, C: 0.08%, Si: 3.3%, Mn: 0.08%, S: 0.024%, acid-soluble Al: 0.03%, N: 0.009%, A steel ingot containing Bi: 0.03% and the balance Fe and impurities was produced. The steel ingot was annealed at 1350° C. for 1 hour and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.3 mm. The obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at a maximum temperature of 1100° C. for 140 seconds, pickled, and then cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.23 mm.
- the obtained cold-rolled steel sheet has an average heating rate Va1 of 25° C. to 550° C., an average heating rate Va2 of 550° C. to 700° C., and an average heating rate of 700° C. to the end of heating.
- Va1 25° C. to 550° C.
- Va2 550° C. to 700° C.
- 700° C. to the end of heating After raising the temperature Va3 and the temperature rise end temperature under the conditions shown in Table 1, primary recrystallization annealing was performed in a wet hydrogen atmosphere and at 850° C. for 180 seconds.
- the annealing separation agent containing MgO was applied to the surface of the steel sheet after the primary recrystallization annealing in the state of water slurry and dried.
- the amount of adhesion of the annealing separator after drying to the steel plate surface was 8 g/m 2 per one side of the steel plate. Then, finish annealing was performed and the steel sheet after finish annealing was washed with water.
- the content of the annealing separator other than MgO is 5% of TiO 2 and 2 % of La 2 O 3 in terms of La when the MgO content is 100% by mass, and the balance is shown in Table 1. The compound of the conditions shown in was included.
- the moisture release rate from the annealing separating agent between 25°C and 700°C in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 3.0%, and the average heating rate from 25°C to 600°C in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 100°C. /H, the average heating rate from 600°C to 900°C is 20°C/h, the average heating rate Vf from 900°C to 1100°C is 5°C/h, the average heating rate from 1100°C to 1200°C is 10°C/h. h and subjected to purification annealing at 1200° C. for 30 hours.
- an insulating coating containing aluminum phosphate and colloidal silica as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet, followed by baking of the insulating coating and flattening annealing for the purpose of flattening the steel sheet.
- the sample of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained above was sheared and strain-relieved and annealed, a sample size of 60 mm x 300 mm was used to measure the magnetic properties of the single plate (based on the method described in JIS C2556).
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the example of the present invention and the comparative example was measured.
- the B8 value is the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excited at 800 A/m at 50 Hz.
- the average value of 5 samples is used.
- the above sample was sheared to a width of 30 mm and subjected to a bending test of 10 mm ⁇ .
- three test pieces were subjected to a bending test to obtain an average value of the peeled area ratio.
- the condition that the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is 1.92 T or more and the peeling area ratio in the 10 mm ⁇ bending test is 10% or less was judged to be good (B).
- the condition (B) was determined to be the best (A) when the condition B was satisfied and the magnetic flux density B8 value was 1.93T or more. Then, other than the above, it was determined to be impossible (C).
- Table 1 shows the manufacturing conditions, measurement results, and evaluations of the above-described inventive examples and comparative examples. Furthermore, as a result of analyzing the contents of Si and Mn in the base material steel plate after the final step by high frequency inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, in all the samples described in Example 1, Si in the base material steel plate after the final step was 3.2%, and the Mn content in the base material steel sheet after the final step was 0.08%. In addition, as a result of measuring the C content in the base material steel sheet after the final step using a carbon/sulfur analyzer, the carbon content in the base material steel sheet after the final step in all the samples described in Example 1 was It was 0.002%.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet satisfying the conditions of the present embodiment had a good determination. Further, in the example of the present invention in which the average heating rate Va2 between 550° C. and 700° C. in the temperature rising process of the primary recrystallization annealing is 700° C./s or more, the magnetic flux density B8 value is 1.93 T or more. Therefore, it was found that the judgment was the best.
- FIG. 1 shows a graph in which the results shown under the conditions of A1 to A28 in Table 1 are plotted on the vertical axis as A%.
- the average heating rate Va2 (° C./° C.) between 550° C. and 700° C. in the temperature rising process of primary recrystallization annealing is plotted. It is found that there is a relationship of the following Expression 1 defined by the conditions according to the present embodiment between s) and A (%) of the sulfate or sulfide in the annealing separator in terms of elemental sulfur. It was
- Example 2 First, in mass%, C: 0.08%, Si: 3.2%, Mn: 0.08%, S: 0.003%, Se: 0.019%, acid-soluble Al: 0.03%, A steel ingot containing N: 0.009%, Bi: 0.02% and the balance being Fe and impurities was produced.
- the steel ingot was annealed at 1380° C. for 1 hour and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.3 mm.
- the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at a maximum temperature of 1100° C. for 140 seconds, pickled, and then cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.23 mm.
- the obtained cold-rolled steel sheet was subjected to the conditions shown in Table 2 with an average heating rate Va1 between 25° C. and 550° C. of 100° C./s and an average heating rate Va2 between 550° C. and 700° C.
- the average temperature rising rate Va3 of 700° C. to 850° C. was raised at 100° C./s, and primary recrystallization annealing was performed at 850° C. for 180 seconds in a wet hydrogen atmosphere.
- the annealing separation agent containing MgO was applied to the surface of the steel sheet after the primary recrystallization annealing in the state of water slurry and dried.
- the adhesion amount of the annealing separator after drying on the surface of the steel sheet was 5 g/m 2 per one side of the steel sheet. Then, finish annealing was performed and the steel sheet after finish annealing was washed with water.
- the content of the annealing separator other than MgO is 5% of TiO 2 and 2 % of CeO 2 in terms of Ce when the content of MgO is 100% by mass, and the balance is shown in Table 2.
- the compound of the conditions shown was included.
- the water release rate from the annealing separating agent between 25° C. and 700° C. in the temperature rising process of the finish annealing is 1.5%, and the average temperature rising rate of 25° C. to 600° C.
- the average heating rate from 600°C to 900°C is 15°C/h
- the average heating rate Vf from 900°C to 1100°C is set as the conditions shown in Table 2
- the average heating rate from 1100°C to 1200°C is set.
- Purification annealing was performed at 15° C./h for 30 hours at 1200° C. After that, an insulating coating containing aluminum phosphate and colloidal silica as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet, followed by baking of the insulating coating and flattening annealing for the purpose of flattening the steel sheet.
- the sample of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained above was sheared and strain-relieved and annealed, a sample size of 60 mm x 300 mm was used to measure the magnetic properties of the single plate (based on the method described in JIS C2556).
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the example of the present invention and the comparative example was measured.
- the B8 value is the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excited at 800 A/m at 50 Hz.
- the average value of 5 samples is used.
- Example 1 The test method is the same as in Example 1.
- the condition that the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is 1.92 T or more and the peeling area ratio in the 10 mm ⁇ bending test is 10% or less was judged to be good (B).
- the condition (B) was determined to be the best (A) when the condition B was satisfied and the magnetic flux density B8 value was 1.93T or more. Then, other than the above, it was determined to be impossible (C).
- Table 2 shows the manufacturing conditions, measurement results, and evaluations of the above-described inventive examples and comparative examples. Furthermore, as a result of analyzing the contents of Si and Mn in the base material steel sheet after the final step by high frequency inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, in all the samples described in Example 2, Si in the base material steel sheet after the final step and Was 3.1%, and the content of Mn in the base material steel sheet after the final step was 0.08%. In addition, as a result of measuring the C content in the base material steel sheet after the final step using a carbon/sulfur analyzer, the carbon content in the base material steel sheet after the final step in all samples described in Example 2 was It was 0.002%.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet satisfying the conditions of the present embodiment has a good determination. Further, in the example of the present invention in which the average heating rate Va2 between 550° C. and 700° C. in the temperature rising process of the primary recrystallization annealing is 700° C./s or more, the magnetic flux density B8 value is 1.93 T or more. Therefore, it was found that the judgment was the best.
- the average heating rate Va2 (° C./s) between 550° C. and 700° C. in the temperature rising process of the primary recrystallization annealing, and the sulfate or sulfide in the annealing separator is A (%) in terms of elemental sulfur. It has been found from Example 1 that there is a relationship of the following Expression 1 defined by the conditions according to the present embodiment, and this is also satisfied in the present invention example of Example 2. It was Further, between the sulfate or sulfide in the annealing separator as A (%) in terms of elemental sulfur and the average heating rate Vf (° C./h) between 900° C. and 1100° C. in the temperature rising process of finish annealing. It was found that there is a relationship of the following Expression 2 defined by the conditions according to this embodiment.
- Example 3 First, in mass%, C: 0.08%, Si: 3.3%, Mn: 0.08%, S: 0.025%, acid-soluble Al: 0.03%, N: 0.008%, A steel ingot containing Bi: 0.02% and the balance Fe and impurities was produced. The steel ingot was annealed at 1380° C. for 1 hour and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.3 mm. The obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at a maximum temperature of 1100° C. for 140 seconds, pickled, and then cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.23 mm.
- the obtained cold-rolled steel sheet was heated under the conditions shown in Table 3 at an average heating rate Va1 between 25°C and 550°C of 200°C/s and an average heating rate Va2 between 550°C and 700°C.
- the average temperature rising rate Va3 from 700° C. to 850° C. was raised at 200° C./s, and primary recrystallization annealing was performed at 850° C. for 180 seconds in a wet hydrogen atmosphere.
- the annealing separation agent containing MgO was applied to the surface of the steel sheet after the primary recrystallization annealing in the state of water slurry and dried.
- the adhesion amount of the annealing separator after drying on the surface of the steel sheet was set to 7 g/m 2 per one side of the steel sheet. Then, finish annealing was performed and the steel sheet after finish annealing was washed with water.
- the contents of the annealing separator other than MgO are Ce(OH) 4 as a rare earth metal compound and alkaline earth metal so that the conditions shown in Table 3 are obtained when the MgO content is 100% by mass.
- Sr(OH) 2 was added as a metal compound and MgSO 4 was added as a sulfur (S)-containing compound.
- the water release rate from the annealing separating agent between 25° C. and 700° C.
- the average heating rate of 25° C. to 700° C. in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 2.5%
- the average heating rate of 25° C. to 700° C. in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 100° C. /H
- the average heating rate of 700° C. to 900° C. is 10° C./h
- the average heating rate Vf of 900° C. to 1100° C. is set as the conditions shown in Table 3
- Purification annealing was performed at 1200C for 20 hours at 15C/h. After that, an insulating coating containing aluminum phosphate and colloidal silica as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet, followed by baking of the insulating coating and flattening annealing for the purpose of flattening the steel sheet.
- the sample of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained above was sheared and strain-relieved and annealed, a sample size of 60 mm x 300 mm was used to measure the magnetic properties of the single plate (based on the method described in JIS C2556).
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the example of the present invention and the comparative example was measured.
- the B8 value is the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excited at 800 A/m at 50 Hz.
- the average value of 5 samples is used.
- a laser magnetic domain control process was performed on the above-described grain-oriented electrical steel sheet sample.
- the sample size was 60 mm for the sample irradiated with laser with the irradiation interval in the longitudinal direction of the steel plate being 5 mm, the laser irradiation direction being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the steel plate, and the irradiation energy density Ua being 2.0 mmJ/mm 2.
- W 17/50 and iron loss were measured using a 300 mm single plate magnetic property measuring method (based on the method described in JIS C2556).
- W 17/50 is an iron loss value when the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is excited to 1.7 T at 50 Hz. In the present invention, the average value of 5 samples.
- Example 1 The test method is the same as in Example 1.
- the Al peak position D Al and the Al oxide number density ND and the S peak position D S were measured by the glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS method).
- the method for measuring the Al peak position D Al and the S peak position D S is as follows. Using the GDS method on the surface layer (primary coating) of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, elemental analysis is performed in the depth direction from the surface layer to 100 ⁇ m to identify Al and S contained at each depth position in the surface layer. did. The emission intensities of the identified Al and S were plotted in the depth direction from the surface. The Al peak position D Al and the S peak position D S were obtained based on the plotted graphs of the Al emission intensity and the S emission intensity. The Al oxide number density ND was determined as follows. A glow discharge emission analyzer was used to perform glow discharge up to the Al peak position D Al .
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is 1.92 T or more
- the iron loss W 17/50 after laser magnetic domain control is 0.850 W/kg or less
- the peeling area ratio in a 10 mm ⁇ bending test Is 10% or less
- the Al peak position D Al exists in the range of 2.0 to 12.0 ⁇ m
- the number density ND of Al oxides is 0.02 to 0.20/ ⁇ m 2 .
- the condition (S) in which the S peak position D S exists in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 ⁇ m and D S ⁇ D Al is determined to be good (B).
- the condition (B) was determined to be the best (A) when the condition B was satisfied and the magnetic flux density B8 value was 1.93T or more. Then, other than the above, it was determined to be impossible (C).
- Table 4 shows the manufacturing conditions, measurement results, and evaluations of the above-described inventive examples and comparative examples. Furthermore, as a result of analyzing the contents of Si and Mn in the base material steel sheet after the final step by the high frequency inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, in all the samples described in Example 3, the content of Si and Mn in the base material steel sheet after the final step was Was 3.2%, and the Mn content in the base material steel sheet after the final step was 0.08%. In addition, as a result of measuring the C content in the base material steel sheet after the final step using a carbon/sulfur analyzer, the carbon content in the base material steel sheet after the final step in all the samples described in Example 3 was It was 0.002%.
- Example 4 First, in mass%, C: 0.08%, S: 0.025%, acid-soluble Al: 0.03%, N: 0.008%, Bi: 0.02% are contained, and the balance is Table 5 A steel ingot composed of Si and Mn having the contents shown in 1), Fe and impurities was produced. The steel ingot was annealed at 1350° C. for 1 hour and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.3 mm. The obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at a maximum temperature of 1100° C. for 140 seconds, pickled, and then cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.23 mm.
- the obtained cold-rolled steel sheet was subjected to the conditions shown in Table 5 with an average heating rate Va1 between 25°C and 550°C of 300°C/s and an average heating rate Va2 between 550°C and 700°C.
- the average temperature rising rate Va3 of 700° C. to 850° C. was raised at 100° C./s, and primary recrystallization annealing was performed at 850° C. for 180 seconds in a wet hydrogen atmosphere.
- the annealing separation agent containing MgO was applied to the surface of the steel sheet after the primary recrystallization annealing in the state of water slurry and dried.
- the amount of adhesion of the annealing separator after drying to the steel plate surface was 6 g/m 2 per one side of the steel plate. Then, finish annealing was performed and the steel sheet after finish annealing was washed with water.
- the content of the annealing separating agent other than MgO is Ce(OH) 4 as the rare earth metal compound so that the condition shown in Table 5 is obtained when the content of MgO is 100% by mass.
- CaCO 3 was added as a metal compound
- MgSO 4 was added as a sulfur (S)-containing compound.
- the moisture release rate from the annealing separating agent between 25° C. and 700° C. in the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 4.0%, and the average heating rate of 25° C.
- the average heating rate of 700° C. to 900° C. is 15° C./h
- the average heating rate Vf of 900° C. to 1100° C. is set to the conditions shown in Table 5, and the average heating rate of 1100° C. to 1200° C.
- Purification annealing was performed at 1200C for 20 hours at 15C/h. After that, an insulating coating containing aluminum phosphate and colloidal silica as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet, followed by baking of the insulating coating and flattening annealing for the purpose of flattening the steel sheet.
- the sample of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained above was sheared and strain-relieved and annealed, a sample size of 60 mm x 300 mm was used to measure the magnetic properties of the single plate (based on the method described in JIS C2556).
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the example of the present invention and the comparative example was measured.
- the B8 value is the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excited at 800 A/m at 50 Hz.
- the average value of 5 samples is used.
- a laser magnetic domain control process was performed on the above-described grain-oriented electrical steel sheet sample.
- the sample size was 60 mm for the sample irradiated with laser with the irradiation interval in the longitudinal direction of the steel plate being 5 mm, the laser irradiation direction being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the steel plate, and the irradiation energy density Ua being 2.0 mmJ/mm 2.
- W 17/50 and iron loss were measured using a 300 mm single plate magnetic property measuring method (based on the method described in JIS C2556).
- W 17/50 is an iron loss value when the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is excited to 1.7 T at 50 Hz. In the present invention, the average value of 5 samples.
- Example 1 The test method is the same as in Example 1.
- the Al peak position D Al and the Al oxide number density ND and the S peak position D S were measured by the glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS method).
- GDS method glow discharge emission spectrometry
- the contents of Si and Mn in the base steel sheet after the final step were analyzed by high frequency inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. Further, the content of C in the base material steel sheet after the final step was measured using a carbon/sulfur analyzer.
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is 1.92 T or more
- the iron loss W 17/50 after laser magnetic domain control is 0.850 W/kg or less
- the peeling area ratio in a 10 mm ⁇ bending test Is 10% or less
- the Al peak position D Al exists in the range of 2.0 to 12.0 ⁇ m
- the number density ND of Al oxides is 0.02 to 0.20/ ⁇ m 2 .
- the condition (S) in which the S peak position D S exists in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 ⁇ m and D S ⁇ D Al is determined to be good (B).
- the condition (B) was determined to be the best (A) when the condition B was satisfied and the magnetic flux density B8 value was 1.93T or more. Then, other than the above, it was determined to be impossible (C).
- Table 6 shows the manufacturing conditions, measurement results, and evaluations of the above-mentioned inventive examples and comparative examples. Further, Table 6 shows the contents of Si and Mn in the base steel sheet after the final step. The C content in the base steel sheet after the final step was 0.003% in all the samples described in Example 4 except D5.
- Example 5 First, in mass%, C: 0.08%, Si: 3.3%, Mn: 0.08%, S: 0.024%, acid-soluble Al: 0.03%, N: 0.009%, A steel ingot containing Bi: 0.01% and the balance of the components shown in Table 7, Fe and impurities was prepared. The steel ingot was annealed at 1350° C. for 1 hour and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.3 mm. The obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at a maximum temperature of 1100° C. for 140 seconds, pickled, and then cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.23 mm.
- the obtained cold-rolled steel sheet is heated at an average heating rate Va1 between 25° C. and 550° C. of 50° C./s and an average heating rate Va2 between 550° C. and 700° C. at 1000° C./s.
- the average temperature rising rate Va3 of 700° C. to 850° C. was raised at 100° C./s, and primary recrystallization annealing was performed at 850° C. for 180 seconds in a wet hydrogen atmosphere.
- the annealing separation agent containing MgO was applied to the surface of the steel sheet after the primary recrystallization annealing in the state of water slurry and dried.
- the amount of adhesion of the annealing separator after drying to the steel plate surface was 8 g/m 2 per one side of the steel plate. Then, finish annealing was performed and the steel sheet after finish annealing was washed with water.
- the content of the annealing separator other than MgO is 5% of TiO 2 , 2 % of Y 2 O 3 in terms of Y, and Sr(OH) 2 when the content of MgO is 100% by mass. It is 1.1% in terms of Sr and 0.8% in terms of S for MgSO 4 .
- the water release rate from the annealing separating agent between 25° C. and 700° C.
- the average heating rate of 25° C. to 700° C. during the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 2.0%, and the average heating rate of 25° C. to 700° C. during the temperature rising process of finish annealing is 100° C. /H, the average heating rate from 700° C. to 900° C. is 15° C./h, the average heating rate Vf from 900° C. to 1100° C. is 7.5° C./h, and the average heating rate from 1100° C. to 1200° C.
- Purification annealing was performed at 1200C for 20 hours at 15C/h. After that, an insulating coating containing aluminum phosphate and colloidal silica as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet, followed by baking of the insulating coating and flattening annealing for the purpose of flattening the steel sheet.
- the sample of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained above was sheared and strain-relieved and annealed, a sample size of 60 mm x 300 mm was used to measure the magnetic properties of the single plate (based on the method described in JIS C2556).
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the example of the present invention and the comparative example was measured.
- the B8 value is the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excited at 800 A/m at 50 Hz.
- the average value of 5 samples is used.
- a laser magnetic domain control process was performed on the above-described grain-oriented electrical steel sheet sample.
- the irradiation size in the longitudinal direction of the steel plate was 5 mm
- the laser irradiation direction was perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the steel plate
- the irradiation energy density Ua was 2.0 mmJ/mm 2
- the sample size was 60 mm ⁇ 300 mm for the laser irradiation.
- W 17/50 and iron loss were measured using the single-plate magnetic property measurement method (according to the method described in JIS C2556).
- W 17/50 is an iron loss value when the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is excited to 1.7 T at 50 Hz. In the present invention, the average value of 5 samples.
- Example 1 The test method is the same as in Example 1.
- the Al peak position D Al and the Al oxide number density ND and the S peak position D S were measured by the glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS method).
- GDS method glow discharge emission spectrometry
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is 1.92 T or more
- the iron loss W17/50 after laser domain control is 0.850 W/kg or less
- the peeling area ratio in the 10 mm ⁇ bending test is 10% or less
- the Al peak position D Al is present in the range of 2.0 to 12.0 ⁇ m
- the number density ND of Al oxides is 0.02 to 0.20/ ⁇ m 2
- the condition where the S peak position D S exists in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 ⁇ m and D S ⁇ D Al is judged to be good (B).
- the condition (B) was determined to be the best (A) when the condition B was satisfied and the magnetic flux density B8 value was 1.93T or more. Then, other than the above, it was determined to be impossible (C).
- Table 8 shows the manufacturing conditions, measurement results, and evaluation of the above-mentioned inventive examples and comparative examples. Furthermore, as a result of analyzing the contents of Si and Mn in the base material steel plate after the final step by the high frequency inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy analysis, in all the samples described in Example 5, Si in the base material steel plate after the final step was 3.2%, and the Mn content in the base material steel sheet after the final step was 0.08%. In addition, as a result of measuring the C content in the base material steel sheet after the final step using a carbon/sulfur analyzer, the carbon content in the base material steel sheet after the final step in all the samples described in Example 5 was It was 0.002%.
- Example 6 First, in mass%, C: 0.08%, Si: 3.2%, Mn: 0.08%, S: 0.025%, acid-soluble Al: 0.03%, N: 0.008%, A steel ingot containing Bi: 0.03% and the balance Fe and impurities was produced. The steel ingot was annealed at 1350° C. for 1 hour and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.3 mm. The obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at a maximum temperature of 1100° C. for 140 seconds, pickled, and then cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.23 mm.
- the obtained cold-rolled steel sheet has an average heating rate Va1 of 25° C. to 550° C., an average heating rate Va2 of 550° C. to 700° C., and an average heating rate of 700° C. to the end of heating.
- Va1 25° C. to 550° C.
- Va2 550° C. to 700° C.
- 700° C. to the end of heating After raising the temperature Va3 and the temperature rising end temperature under the conditions shown in Table 9, primary recrystallization annealing was performed in a wet hydrogen atmosphere and at 850° C. for 180 seconds.
- the annealing separation agent containing MgO was applied to the surface of the steel sheet after the primary recrystallization annealing in the state of water slurry and dried.
- the amount of adhesion of the annealing separator after drying to the steel plate surface was 8 g/m 2 per one side of the steel plate. Then, finish annealing was performed and the steel sheet after finish annealing was washed with water.
- inclusions other than MgO in the annealing separator when taken as 100% of MgO content in mass%, the TiO 2 5%, 2% of La 2 O 3 with La terms, CaSO 4 ⁇ 0 0.5H 2 O is 3%.
- the water release rate from the annealing separator between 25° C. and 700° C.
- the average heating rate of 25°C to 600°C is 100°C/h
- the average heating rate of 600°C to 900°C is 20°C/h
- 1100° C. to 1200° C. with an average heating rate of 10° C./h, and purification annealing was performed at 1200° C. for 30 hours.
- an insulating coating containing aluminum phosphate and colloidal silica as a main component was applied to the surface of the steel sheet, followed by baking of the insulating coating and flattening annealing for the purpose of flattening the steel sheet.
- the sample of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained above was sheared and strain-relieved and annealed, a sample size of 60 mm x 300 mm was used to measure the magnetic properties of the single plate (based on the method described in JIS C2556).
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the example of the present invention and the comparative example was measured.
- the B8 value is the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excited at 800 A/m at 50 Hz.
- the average value of 5 samples is used.
- Example 1 The test method is the same as in Example 1.
- the Al peak position D Al and the Al oxide number density ND and the S peak position D S were measured by the glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS method).
- GDS method glow discharge emission spectrometry
- the contents of Si and Mn in the base steel sheet after the final step were analyzed by high frequency inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. Further, the content of C in the base material steel sheet after the final step was measured using a carbon/sulfur analyzer.
- the magnetic flux density B8 value of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is 1.92 T or more
- the peeling area ratio in the 10 mm ⁇ bending test is 10% or less
- the Al peak position D Al is 2.0 to 12.0 ⁇ m.
- the number density ND of Al oxides is 0.02 to 0.20/ ⁇ m 2
- the S peak position D S is in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 ⁇ m
- D The condition of S ⁇ D Al was judged to be good (B).
- the condition (B) was determined to be the best (A) when the condition B was satisfied and the magnetic flux density B8 value was 1.93T or more. Then, other than the above, it was determined to be impossible (C).
- Table 9 shows the manufacturing conditions, measurement results, and evaluations of the above-mentioned inventive examples and comparative examples. Furthermore, the Si content in the base material steel sheet after the final step was 3.2% in all the samples described in Example 9, and the Mn content was 0.08% in all the samples described in Example 9. Yes, the C content was 0.003% in all the samples described in Example 9.
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Abstract
Description
前記一次再結晶焼鈍の昇温過程において、昇温開始~550℃の間の平均昇温速度Va1(℃/s)、550℃~700℃の間の平均昇温速度Va2(℃/s)、700℃~昇温終了の間の平均昇温速度Va3(℃/s)が
Va1≦Va2、400≦Va2、Va3≦Va2
を満たし、
前記焼鈍分離剤において、前記焼鈍分離剤中の前記MgO含有量を質量%で100%としたとき、TiO2を0.5%以上10%以下、希土類金属の酸化物、硫化物、硫酸塩、珪化物、りん酸塩、水酸化物、炭酸塩、硼素化物、塩化物、および弗化物のうち1種または2種以上を希土類金属換算で0.1%以上10%以下、Ca、SrおよびBaからなる群から選択されるアルカリ土類金属の硫酸塩、炭酸塩、水酸化物、塩化物および酸化物のうち1種または2種以上をアルカリ土類金属換算で0.1%以上10%以下、硫酸塩または硫化物を硫黄元素換算でA%含有し、該Aが以下の式
(0.00025×Va2)≦A≦1.5
を満たし、かつ
前記仕上焼鈍の昇温過程において、室温から700℃の間の前記焼鈍分離剤からの水分放出率が0.5%以上6.0%以下であり、900℃から1100℃の間の平均昇温速度Vf(℃/h)が以下の式
5≦Vf≦(21-4×A)
を満たすことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法が提供される。
前記一次被膜の表面から前記方向性電磁鋼板の板厚方向にグロー放電発光分析法による元素分析を行ったときに得られるAl発光強度のピーク位置DAlが、前記一次被膜の表面から前記板厚方向へ2.0~12.0μmの範囲に存在し、
Al酸化物の個数密度NDが0.02~0.20個/μm2であり、かつ
前記一次被膜の表面から前記方向性電磁鋼板の板厚方向にグロー放電発光分析法による元素分析を行ったときに得られるS発光強度のピーク位置DSが、前記一次被膜の表面から前記板厚方向へ1.0~10.0μmの範囲に存在し、かつ
DS<DAlであり、かつ
磁束密度B8値が1.92T以上であることを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板が提供される。
本発明者らは、方向性電磁鋼板の一次被膜と鋼板の密着性を向上しつつ磁気特性を向上させるために、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法について鋭意検討を行った結果、以下の知見を見出した。
前記一次再結晶焼鈍の昇温過程において、昇温開始~550℃の間の平均昇温速度Va1(℃/s)、550℃~700℃の間の平均昇温速度Va2(℃/s)、700℃~昇温終了の間の平均昇温速度Va3(℃/s)が
Va1≦Va2、400≦Va2、Va3≦Va2
を満たし、
前記焼鈍分離剤において、前記焼鈍分離剤中の前記MgO含有量を質量%で100%としたとき、TiO2を0.5%以上10%以下、希土類金属の酸化物、硫化物、硫酸塩、珪化物、りん酸塩、水酸化物、炭酸塩、硼素化物、塩化物、および弗化物のうち1種または2種以上を希土類金属換算で0.1%以上10%以下、Ca、SrおよびBaからなる群から選択されるアルカリ土類金属の硫酸塩、炭酸塩、水酸化物、塩化物および酸化物のうち1種または2種以上をアルカリ土類金属換算で0.1以上10%以下、硫酸塩または硫化物を硫黄元素換算でA%含有し、該Aが(0.00025×Va2)≦A≦1.5を満たし、
かつ前記仕上焼鈍の昇温過程において、室温から700℃の間の前記焼鈍分離剤からの水分放出率が0.5%以上6.0%以下であり、900℃から1100℃の間の平均昇温速度Vf(℃/h)が、5≦Vf≦(21-4×A)である。
まず、本実施形態に係る方向性電磁鋼板に用いられるスラブの成分組成について説明する。なお、以下では特に断りのない限り、「%」との表記は「質量%」を表わすものとする。また、以下で説明する元素以外のスラブの残部は、Feおよび不純物である。
続いて、スラブを加熱して熱間圧延を施すことで熱延鋼板に加工される。スラブは1280℃以上に加熱されることで、スラブ中のインヒビター成分が完全固溶される。スラブの加熱温度が1280℃未満である場合、MnS、MnSe、およびAlN等のインヒビター成分を充分に溶体化することが困難になるため好ましくない。なお、このときのスラブの加熱温度の上限値は、特に定めないが、設備保護の観点から1450℃が好ましく、例えば、スラブの加熱温度は、1300℃以上1450℃以下であってもよい。
続いて、加工された熱延鋼板は、熱延板焼鈍を施された後、1回の冷間圧延、または中間焼鈍を挟んだ複数回の冷間圧延にて圧延されることで、冷延鋼板に加工される。なお、中間焼鈍を挟んだ複数回の冷間圧延にて圧延する場合、前段の熱延板焼鈍を省略することも可能である。ただし、熱延板焼鈍を施す場合、鋼板形状がより良好になるため、冷間圧延にて鋼板が破断する可能性を軽減することができる。
次に、冷延鋼板は、急速昇温された後、脱炭焼鈍される。これらの過程は、一次再結晶焼鈍とも称され、連続して行われることが好ましい。一次再結晶焼鈍によって、冷延鋼板では、二次再結晶前のGoss方位粒を増加させることで、二次再結晶過程において、より理想Goss方位に近い方位粒が二次再結晶することが期待されるため、最終的な方向性電磁鋼板の磁束密度を向上することができる。
一次再結晶焼鈍は室温付近から昇温を開始し脱炭焼鈍温度程度まで昇温させることが一般的であり、その間の昇温速度は様々である。一方で、本発明では以下に説明するように、昇温開始~550℃の間の平均昇温速度Va1(℃/s)、550℃~700℃の間の平均昇温速度Va2(℃/s)、700℃~昇温終了の間の平均昇温速度Va3(℃/s)が
Va1≦Va2、400≦Va2、Va3≦Va2とすることを特徴としている。一次再結晶焼鈍の昇温開始温度及び到達温度は特に限定されない。
さらに、550℃~700℃の間の平均昇温速度Va2が400℃/s以上である場合、仕上焼鈍昇温過程において、焼鈍分離剤に含まれる硫黄の鋼板への浸入が促進され、鋼中でMnSが形成されてGoss方位粒以外の異常粒成長を抑制し、結果としてGoss方位粒の異常粒成長を促進することが明らかとなった。
その後、一次再結晶焼鈍後の冷延鋼板に仕上焼鈍を施す。その際、鋼板間の焼き付き防止や、一次被膜形成や、二次再結晶挙動制御などを目的としてMgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤が仕上焼鈍前に塗布される。前記焼鈍分離剤は、一般的に水スラリーの状態で鋼板表面に塗布、乾燥されるが、静電塗布法などを用いてもよい。ここで、焼鈍分離剤の添加物は、特に一次被膜と鋼板の密着性や二次再結晶挙動に大きな影響をおよぼす。以下に、焼鈍分離剤の添加物含有量および効果を記載する。ここで、含有量は焼鈍分離剤の主成分であるMgO含有量を質量%で100%としたときの添加物の含有量(質量%)である。「主成分」とは、ある物質に50質量%以上含まれている成分ことを言い、好ましくは70質量%以上、より好ましくは90質量%以上である。
仕上焼鈍は室温程度から昇温されることが一般的であり、また仕上焼鈍の昇温速度は様々である。一方で、本発明では以下に説明するように、室温から700℃の間の前記焼鈍分離剤からの水分放出率が0.5%以上6.0%以下であり、900℃~1100℃の間の平均昇温速度Vfを所定の範囲とすることを特徴としている。
仕上焼鈍の昇温過程における室温~700℃までの焼鈍分離剤からの水分放出率は、例えば、焼鈍分離剤を塗布および乾燥した後、仕上焼鈍が開始されるまでの間に、鋼板表面から焼鈍分離剤を回収して、室温から700℃まで昇温する間の重量減少率として測定されても良い。室温から700℃まで昇温する間の雰囲気は、窒素でもよいしArでもよい。重量減少率は、焼鈍分離剤をるつぼに入れ、昇温前後の重量を測定することで算出してもよいし、熱重量測定装置で測定してもよい。
続いて、仕上焼鈍の後、鋼板へ絶縁性および張力付与を目的として、例えば、リン酸アルミニウムまたはコロイダルシリカなどを主成分とした絶縁被膜が鋼板の表面に塗布される。その後、絶縁被膜の焼付、および仕上焼鈍による鋼板形状の平坦化を目的として、平坦化焼鈍が施される。なお、鋼板に対して絶縁性および張力が付与されるのであれば、絶縁被膜の成分は特に限定されない。なお、本実施形態では、需要家の目的によっては、方向性電磁鋼板に磁区制御処理が施されてもよいことは言うまでもない。
10mmφの曲げ加工密着性試験(10mmφ曲げ試験)とは、円筒型マンドレル屈曲試験機を用いて、サンプル鋼板を試験機に設置して曲げ試験を行い、曲げ試験後のサンプル鋼板の表面を観察することで実施される。また、被膜剥離面積率とはサンプル鋼板の全面積に対して、一次被膜が剥離した領域の面積の割合である。
本実施形態に係る方向性電磁鋼板は、所定の成分を含む母材鋼板と母材鋼板の表面上に形成されており、Mg2SiO4を主成分として含有する一次被膜とを備えるものである。
本実施形態に係る方向性電磁鋼板において、高磁束密度化とともに低鉄損化するためには、方向性電磁鋼板の母材鋼板に含有される成分組成のうち、下記元素の含有量を制御することが重要である。
一方、C含有量は低いほうが好ましいが、C含有量を0.0001%未満に低減しても、組織制御の効果は飽和し、製造コストが嵩むだけとなる。したがって、C含有量は、0.0001%以上としてもよい。
また、本発明者らは、一次被膜と鋼板の密着性と、一次被膜におけるAl酸化物の分布に、密接な関係があることを見出した。すなわち、本発明による方向性電磁鋼板において、一次被膜の表面から方向性電磁鋼板の板厚方向にグロー放電発光分析法による元素分析を実施したときに得られるAl発光強度のピーク位置DAlが、一次被膜の表面から板厚方向に2.0~12.0μmの範囲内に配置される。
ND=特定されたAl酸化物の個数/観察領域の面積
まず、質量%で、C:0.08%、Si:3.3%、Mn:0.08%、S:0.024%、酸可溶性Al:0.03%、N:0.009%、Bi:0.03%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなる鋼塊を作製した。該鋼塊を1350℃にて1時間焼鈍した後、熱間圧延を施すことで、板厚2.3mmの熱延鋼板を得た。得られた熱延鋼板を最高温度1100℃にて140秒間焼鈍し、酸洗を施した後に冷間圧延を施すことで、板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板を得た。
試験方法は次のとおりである。各試験番号の試験片に対して10mmの曲率で曲げ試験を実施した。曲げ試験は、円筒型マンドレル屈曲試験機を用いて、円筒の軸方向が試験片の幅方向と一致するように、試験機を試験片に設置して、試験片が180℃曲がるまで実施した。曲げ試験後の試験片の表面を観察し、一次被膜が剥離している領域の総面積を求めた。次の式により、剥離面積率を求めた。
剥離面積率=一次被膜が剥離した領域の総面積/試験片表面の面積×100
まず、質量%で、C:0.08%、Si:3.2%、Mn:0.08%、S:0.003%、Se:0.019%、酸可溶性Al:0.03%、N:0.009%、Bi:0.02%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物とからなる鋼塊を作製した。該鋼塊を1380℃にて1時間焼鈍した後、熱間圧延を施すことで、板厚2.3mmの熱延鋼板を得た。得られた熱延鋼板を最高温度1100℃にて140秒間焼鈍し、酸洗を施した後に冷間圧延を施すことで、板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板を得た。
5≦Vf≦(21-4×A) ・・式2
まず、質量%で、C:0.08%、Si:3.3%、Mn:0.08%、S:0.025%、酸可溶性Al:0.03%、N:0.008%、Bi:0.02%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物とからなる鋼塊を作製した。該鋼塊を1380℃にて1時間焼鈍した後、熱間圧延を施すことで、板厚2.3mmの熱延鋼板を得た。得られた熱延鋼板を最高温度1100℃にて140秒間焼鈍し、酸洗を施した後に冷間圧延を施すことで、板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板を得た。
Al酸化物個数密度NDは次のように求めた。グロー放電発光分析装置により、Alピーク位置DAlまでグロー放電を実施した。Alピーク位置DAlでの放電痕のうち、任意の36μm×50μmの領域(観察領域)に対して、エネルギー分散型X線分光器(EDS)による元素分析を実施して、観察領域中のAl酸化物を特定した。観察領域中の析出物のうち、AlとOとを含有したものをAl酸化物と特定した。特定されたAl酸化物の個数をカウントし、次の式でAl酸化物個数密度ND(個/μm2)を求めた。
ND=特定されたAl酸化物の個数/観察領域の面積
まず、質量%で、C:0.08%、S:0.025%、酸可溶性Al:0.03%、N:0.008%、Bi:0.02%を含有し、残部が表5に示す含有量のSiおよびMnと、Feおよび不純物とからなる鋼塊を作製した。該鋼塊を1350℃にて1時間焼鈍した後、熱間圧延を施すことで、板厚2.3mmの熱延鋼板を得た。得られた熱延鋼板を最高温度1100℃にて140秒間焼鈍し、酸洗を施した後に冷間圧延を施すことで、板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板を得た。
まず、質量%で、C:0.08%、Si:3.3%、Mn:0.08%、S:0.024%、酸可溶性Al:0.03%、N:0.009%、Bi:0.01%を含有し、残部が表7に示す成分とFeおよび不純物からなる鋼塊を作製した。該鋼塊を1350℃にて1時間焼鈍した後、熱間圧延を施すことで、板厚2.3mmの熱延鋼板を得た。得られた熱延鋼板を最高温度1100℃にて140秒間焼鈍し、酸洗を施した後に冷間圧延を施すことで、板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板を得た。
まず、質量%で、C:0.08%、Si:3.2%、Mn:0.08%、S:0.025%、酸可溶性Al:0.03%、N:0.008%、Bi:0.03%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなる鋼塊を作製した。該鋼塊を1350℃にて1時間焼鈍した後、熱間圧延を施すことで、板厚2.3mmの熱延鋼板を得た。得られた熱延鋼板を最高温度1100℃にて140秒間焼鈍し、酸洗を施した後に冷間圧延を施すことで、板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板を得た。
Claims (3)
- 質量%で、C:0.02%以上0.10%以下、Si:2.5%以上4.5%以下、Mn:0.01%以上0.15%以下、SおよびSeのうち1種または2種の合計:0.001%以上0.050%以下、酸可溶性Al:0.01%以上0.05%以下、N:0.002%以上0.015%以下、Bi:0.0005%以上0.05%以下を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなるスラブを、1280℃以上に加熱して、熱間圧延を施すことで、熱延鋼板とする工程と、前記熱延鋼板に熱延板焼鈍を施した後、一回の冷間圧延または中間焼鈍を挟む二回以上の冷間圧延を施すことで、冷延鋼板とする工程と、前記冷延鋼板に一次再結晶焼鈍を施す工程と、一次再結晶焼鈍後の前記冷延鋼板の表面にMgOを含む焼鈍分離剤を塗布した後、仕上焼鈍を施す工程と、仕上焼鈍後の鋼板に絶縁被膜を塗布した後、平坦化焼鈍を施す工程と、を含み、
前記一次再結晶焼鈍の昇温過程において、昇温開始~550℃の間の平均昇温速度Va1(℃/s)、550℃~700℃の間の平均昇温速度Va2(℃/s)、700℃~昇温終了の間の平均昇温速度Va3(℃/s)が
Va1≦Va2、400≦Va2、Va3≦Va2
を満たし、
前記焼鈍分離剤において、前記焼鈍分離剤中の前記MgO含有量を質量%で100%としたとき、TiO2を0.5%以上10%以下、希土類金属の酸化物、硫化物、硫酸塩、珪化物、りん酸塩、水酸化物、炭酸塩、硼素化物、塩化物、および弗化物のうち1種または2種以上を希土類金属換算で0.1%以上10%以下、Ca、SrおよびBaからなる群から選択されるアルカリ土類金属の硫酸塩、炭酸塩、水酸化物、塩化物および酸化物のうち1種または2種以上をアルカリ土類金属換算で0.1%以上10%以下、硫酸塩または硫化物を硫黄元素換算でA%含有し、該Aが以下の式
(0.00025×Va2)≦A≦1.5
を満たし、かつ
前記仕上焼鈍の昇温過程において、室温から700℃の間の前記焼鈍分離剤からの水分放出率が0.5%以上6.0%以下であり、900℃から1100℃の間の平均昇温速度Vf(℃/h)が以下の式
5≦Vf≦(21-4×A)
を満たすことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 質量%で、C:0.005%以下、Si:2.5~4.5%、Mn:0.01~0.15%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなる母材鋼板と、母材鋼板の表面上に形成されており、Mg2SiO4を主成分として含有する一次被膜とを備える方向性電磁鋼板であって、
前記一次被膜の表面から前記方向性電磁鋼板の板厚方向にグロー放電発光分析法による元素分析を行ったときに得られるAl発光強度のピーク位置DAlが、前記一次被膜の表面から前記板厚方向へ2.0~12.0μmの範囲に存在し、
Al酸化物の個数密度NDが0.02~0.20個/μm2であり、かつ
前記一次被膜の表面から前記方向性電磁鋼板の板厚方向にグロー放電発光分析法による元素分析を行ったときに得られるS発光強度のピーク位置DSが、前記一次被膜の表面から前記板厚方向へ1.0~10.0μmの範囲に存在し、かつ
DS<DAlであり、かつ
磁束密度B8値が1.92T以上であることを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記母材鋼板は、質量%で、Cu:0.01%以上0.30%以下、Sn:0.01%以上0.30%以下、Ni:0.01%以上0.30%以下、Cr:0.01%以上0.30%以下、またはSb:0.01%以上0.30%以下のいずれか1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
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