WO2020040138A1 - 導電性ペースト - Google Patents
導電性ペースト Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020040138A1 WO2020040138A1 PCT/JP2019/032446 JP2019032446W WO2020040138A1 WO 2020040138 A1 WO2020040138 A1 WO 2020040138A1 JP 2019032446 W JP2019032446 W JP 2019032446W WO 2020040138 A1 WO2020040138 A1 WO 2020040138A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal powder
- conductive paste
- sulfur
- glass composition
- mass
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl mercaptane Natural products CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 tin and nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XYVAYAJYLWYJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-propoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCOC(C)COC(C)CO XYVAYAJYLWYJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003985 ceramic capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002153 sulfur containing inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N (S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUJPNZNXGCHGID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Z)-beta-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1CCC(C)(O)CC1 RUJPNZNXGCHGID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCTXKRPTIMZBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)CO JCTXKRPTIMZBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1(O)CCC(C)=CC1 OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940088601 alpha-terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UOVHNSMBKKMHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium;sodium;sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UOVHNSMBKKMHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJVXKWHHAMZTBY-GCPOEHJPSA-N syringin Chemical compound COC1=CC(\C=C\CO)=CC(OC)=C1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 QJVXKWHHAMZTBY-GCPOEHJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conductive paste using a metal powder containing copper as a main component as a conductive component.
- a conductive paste containing a conductive powder, a glass composition, and an organic vehicle is used.
- Metal powders such as silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd) have been used as the conductive powder, but in recent years, from the viewpoint of excellent conductivity, production cost, and the like, metal powders containing copper (Cu) have been used.
- Conductive pastes (hereinafter, referred to as copper pastes) are widely used.
- a chip-like laminate in which dielectric layers and internal electrode layers are alternately laminated is prepared, and an end face thereof is prepared.
- a copper paste is applied by an appropriate method (for example, a dip printing method or a screen printing method).
- an appropriate method for example, a dip printing method or a screen printing method.
- the range of the heating temperature suitable for baking is determined by the type and composition of the metal powder, the glass composition, the organic vehicle, and other additives contained in the paste.
- a plating layer of tin, nickel, or the like is formed on the surface of the formed external electrode for the purpose of improving reliability as an electrode and facilitating solder mounting.
- Patent Literature 1 attempts to attach any one of Al, Si, Ti, Zr, Ce, and Sn to the surface of a copper powder in order to control the sintering start temperature.
- Patent Document 2 describes that the catalytic action of the metal powder can be effectively suppressed by coating the surface of any one of nickel, silver, copper, and palladium with a metal compound containing sulfur. .
- a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, and an organic vehicle The conductive paste, wherein the glass composition contains sulfur (S), and the content of the sulfur (S) is 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder.
- a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, an organic vehicle, and an inorganic additive The conductive paste, wherein the inorganic additive contains sulfur (S), and the content of the sulfur (S) is 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder.
- the inorganic additive is a sulfate.
- a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, an organic vehicle, and an organic additive A conductive paste, wherein the organic additive has a thiol group, and the content of sulfur (S) in the organic additive is from 10 ppm to 370 ppm based on the metal powder.
- a conductive paste according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass composition contains sulfur (S). ), And the sulfur content is 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder.
- the conductive paste containing copper has a smaller variation in the firing behavior as compared with the case where the surface treatment is performed on the metal powder itself containing copper, and the firing behavior is appropriately controlled as the entire copper paste. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a conductive paste which has a wide firing window and hardly causes problems such as voids and glass floating after firing.
- a conductive paste according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, an organic vehicle, and an inorganic additive.
- the inorganic additive contains sulfur, and the content of the sulfur is 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder.
- the conductive paste containing copper has a smaller variation in the firing behavior as compared with the case where the surface treatment is performed on the metal powder itself containing copper, and the firing behavior is appropriately controlled as the entire copper paste. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a conductive paste which has a wide firing window and hardly causes problems such as voids and glass floating after firing.
- a conductive paste according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, an organic vehicle, and an organic additive.
- the organic additive has a thiol group, and the content of sulfur in the organic additive is 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder.
- the conductive paste containing copper has a smaller variation in the firing behavior as compared with the case where the surface treatment is performed on the metal powder itself containing copper, and the firing behavior is appropriately controlled as the entire copper paste. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a conductive paste which has a wide firing window and hardly causes problems such as voids and glass floating after firing.
- the embodiment in which the glass composition of the first embodiment contains a predetermined amount of sulfur and the embodiment in which the inorganic additive of the second embodiment contains a predetermined amount of sulfur contains a predetermined amount of sulfur
- the denseness of the fired film can be particularly excellent even when fired at a relatively low temperature (for example, 750 ° C.)
- the range of the sintering temperature (sintering window) at which a suitable sintering film can be formed is particularly wide.
- the first embodiment is particularly preferable.
- since the organic additive may be strongly linked to the metal powder with the passage of time, environmental management including storage temperature is required.
- the content of sulfur in the predetermined component of the conductive paste is less than the lower limit, it is possible to sufficiently prevent an adverse effect due to oversintering during firing. Can not be done.
- a relatively high temperature for example, 780 ° C. or higher
- the adverse effect due to oversintering tends to occur significantly.
- the generation of voids in the fired film during firing is sufficiently prevented. Can not do it.
- firing is performed at a relatively low temperature (for example, 750 ° C. or lower), voids are apt to be significantly generated in the fired film.
- the sulfur content of the entire conductive paste is a value within the above range, when the sulfur content in the predetermined component does not satisfy the condition of the predetermined content, more specifically, If the metal powder contains a large amount of sulfur, the effect on the sintering behavior such as the sintering start temperature of the metal powder is too large, so the denseness of the fired film is reduced, Voids are likely to occur in the inside.
- the content of sulfur in the predetermined components (glass composition, inorganic additive, organic additive) of the conductive paste may be 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder. , 12 ppm or more and 200 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 15 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less. Thereby, the above-described effects are more remarkably exhibited.
- the conductive paste in the present invention contains a metal powder, and the metal powder contains copper.
- a metal powder for example, a pure copper powder or a copper alloy powder made of only copper is exemplified.
- a metal powder having a core-shell structure in which copper particles are used as a core and the surface thereof is coated with a thin film made of copper oxide or an oxide thin film containing an element other than copper may be used. It is particularly preferable that the thin film is glassy.
- the coating of the glassy thin film on the metal powder can be achieved by a method described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3206496.
- the metal powder has a core-shell structure provided with the above-mentioned thin film, oxidation of the metal powder can be suppressed, and the sintering start temperature of the metal powder can be controlled.
- the thin film may contain sulfur.
- the vitreous thin film not only suppresses oxidation of the metal powder, but also softens and flows during firing, and functions as a sintering aid for the metal powder.
- the total amount of sulfur contained in another glass composition, an inorganic additive, or an organic additive may be 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder.
- the content of the copper element (Cu) with respect to the total amount of the metal elements contained in the metal powder is preferably 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less. .
- the metal powder in the present invention does not substantially contain sulfur, but does not exclude an embodiment containing sulfur as an unavoidable impurity. That is, in the present invention, "the metal powder does not substantially contain sulfur” means that the content of sulfur contained in the metal powder is less than 10 ppm, more preferably less than 7 ppm, and more preferably less than 5 ppm. More preferred.
- the variation in the sintering behavior is smaller than when the surface treatment is performed on the metal powder containing copper itself, and the sintering behavior of the entire copper paste can be appropriately controlled.
- the average particle size (D 50 ) of the metal powder is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 4.5 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more. More preferably, it is 4.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size (D 50 ) refers to a 50% weight-based integrated fraction of the particle size distribution measured using a laser-type particle size distribution measurement device, unless otherwise specified. It can be determined by measurement using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer LA-960 (manufactured by HORIBA).
- BET specific surface area of the metal powder is not particularly limited, it is preferably not more than 0.30 m 2 / g or more 1.00m 2 / g, 0.40m 2 / g or more 0.90 m 2 / g or less of It is more preferable, and even more preferably less 0.50 m 2 / g or more 0.80 m 2 / g.
- the BET specific surface area can be determined using, for example, TriStar 3000 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the content of the metal powder in the conductive paste is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50.0% by mass to 80.0% by mass, more preferably 55.0% by mass to 75.0% by mass. Is more preferable, and it is still more preferable that it is 60.0 mass% or more and 70.0 mass% or less.
- the conductivity of the fired film can be more reliably and sufficiently improved.
- the plurality of particles constituting the metal powder constituting the conductive paste of the present invention is preferably metal particles having the same or uniform metal composition with each other, as long as the function and effect of the present invention is not impaired, Metal particles having different metal compositions may be included.
- the metal powder may include a plurality of types of particles having different copper contents. Even in such a case, it is preferable that the copper content of the entire metal powder satisfies the above-described conditions.
- the glass composition contained in the conductive paste of the present invention may have any composition as long as its softening point is equal to or lower than the sintering temperature, but the glass composition containing substantially no Pb, Cd and Bi It is preferred that
- the content of SiO 2 as an essential component in the range of 2.0% by mass or more and 12.0% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the entire glass composition in terms of oxides is represented by B 2 O 3.
- B 2 O 3 In a range of 15.0% by mass to 30.0% by mass, Al 2 O 3 in a range of 2.0% by mass to 12.0% by mass, and BaO as another optional component.
- a glass composition containing 5% by mass or more and 12.0% by mass or less can be suitably used.
- sulfur is contained in the glass composition.
- any method may be used for blending sulfur in the glass composition, for example, when producing the glass composition, for example, BaSO 4 is mixed as a sulfur source together with the material constituting the glass, and the mixture is melted and quenched. , And pulverization.
- the sulfur source is weighed so that the amount of sulfur contained in the sulfur source is not less than 10 ppm and not more than 370 ppm based on the metal powder.
- the glass composition may be included in the conductive paste, for example, in a form in which the above-described glassy thin film is coated with metal powder, but is included in the form of glass powder independent of the metal powder. preferable. This is particularly advantageous in terms of cost.
- the glass powder may be in the form of a powder in which particles such as granules, flakes, fibers, needles, and irregular shapes are collected, for example.
- the glass composition constituting the conductive paste is a glass powder
- the average particle size of the glass composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 4.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 4.0 ⁇ m or less, and 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 3.5 ⁇ m or less. It is more preferred that:
- BET specific surface area of the glass composition is not particularly limited, equal to or less than 0.90 m 2 / g or more 5.00 m 2 / g is preferably, 1.20 m 2 / g or more 4.50 m 2 / g or less Is more preferable, and it is more preferable that it is not less than 1.50 m 2 / g and not more than 4.00 m 2 / g.
- the content of the glass composition in the conductive paste is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 4.0% by mass to 20.0% by mass, and more preferably from 5.0% by mass to 15.0% by mass. Is more preferable, and the content is more preferably 6.0% by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less.
- the plurality of particles constituting the glass composition constituting the conductive paste of the present invention may be glass particles having the same or uniform glass composition with each other, but control of the firing behavior and to the base material For the purpose of improving adhesiveness / adhesiveness, etc., a plurality of types of glass particles having different compositions and particle sizes may be included in accordance with generally known methods.
- the organic vehicle contained in the conductive paste is not particularly limited.
- alcohols eg, terpineol, ⁇ -terpineol, ⁇ -terpineol, etc.
- esters eg, hydroxy group-containing esters, 2, Selected from organic solvents such as 2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate, butyl carbitol acetate
- ethers eg, glycol ethers such as dipropylene glycol-n-propyl ether.
- a cellulose resin for example, ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, etc.
- a (meth) acrylic resin for example, polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, etc.
- an ester resin for example, rosin) Esters, etc.
- polyvinyl ace One or more selected from organic binders such as tar (for example, polyvinyl butyral) can be used by dissolving or dispersing them.
- the organic vehicle consists of only an organic solvent, In some cases, no organic binder is required.
- the organic solvent preferably contains at least one of alcohols (particularly, terpineol) and ethers (particularly, dipropylene glycol-n-propyl ether), and those containing both of them are more preferred.
- the organic binder preferably contains a (meth) acrylic resin.
- the content of the organic vehicle in the conductive paste is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 10.0% by mass to 40.0% by mass, and is preferably from 15.0% by mass to 35.0% by mass. Is more preferably 20.0% by mass or more and 30.0% by mass or less.
- the content of the organic solvent in the conductive paste is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 7.0% by mass to 30.0% by mass, and more preferably from 10.0% by mass to 28.0% by mass. Is more preferable, and it is more preferable that it is 14.0 mass% or more and 25.0 mass% or less.
- the content of the organic binder in the conductive paste is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 1.0% by mass to 15.0% by mass, and more preferably from 2.0% by mass to 10.0% by mass. Is more preferably 3.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less.
- the conductive paste may include a sulfur-containing inorganic additive as a component different from the components described above. At this time, the amount of the inorganic additive is weighed so that the amount of sulfur contained in the inorganic additive is in the range of 10 ppm to 370 ppm based on the metal powder.
- sulfur to the metal powder in the conductive paste can be suitably adjusted.
- a readily available glass composition can be suitably used for producing a conductive paste.
- the inorganic additive containing sulfur may be present in a dissolved state in the conductive paste, but is preferably contained as an insoluble component.
- Sulfur-containing inorganic additives include, for example, sulfates, sulfites, persulfates, thiosulfates, metal sulfides, and the like, and sulfates are preferred.
- Sulfate is a component relatively easily dissolved in glass when the glass flows during firing of the conductive paste, among various inorganic additives. Therefore, when the sulfate is used as the inorganic additive, the above-described effects are more remarkably exhibited.
- sulfate examples include barium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium potassium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate. Among them, barium sulfate is preferred.
- barium sulfate has high chemical stability and is a poorly soluble component under normal conditions (for example, a condition where the conductive paste is stored at a temperature of 0 ° C. or more and 40 ° C. or less). It is a component that does not easily react with powder. Further, barium sulfate is a relatively inexpensive, easily and stably available substance, and is preferable from the viewpoint of stable supply of the conductive paste and reduction of production cost.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less. And more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less. In consideration of availability, the average particle size is most preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.05 ⁇ m or less.
- the conductive paste may contain an organic additive containing sulfur as a component different from the components described above. At this time, the amount of the organic additive is weighed so that the amount of sulfur contained in the organic additive is in the range of 10 ppm to 370 ppm based on the metal powder.
- the organic additive containing sulfur may be present in the conductive paste in a dissolved state or may be contained as an insoluble component.
- organic additive containing sulfur examples include a compound having a thiol group.
- organic additive examples include thiols (mercaptoalkane compounds) such as dodecanethiol, and mercapto alcohol compounds (compounds having both OH and SH groups) such as mercaptoethanol. Is mentioned.
- the conductive paste may include other components in addition to the components described above.
- plasticizers and defoamers added to general conductive pastes, dispersants such as higher fatty acids and fatty acid esters, leveling agents, stabilizers, adhesion promoters, surfactants and the like.
- dispersants such as higher fatty acids and fatty acid esters
- leveling agents such as higher fatty acids and fatty acid esters
- stabilizers such as higher fatty acids and fatty acid esters
- adhesion promoters such as surfactants and the like.
- surfactants such as sulfur.
- the conductive paste of the present invention is used for forming a conductive part by applying and baking by a generally widely known method. Although the use is not particularly limited, it is particularly suitable for forming internal conductors (internal electrodes) and terminal electrodes of multilayer ceramic electronic components such as multilayer ceramic capacitors, multilayer ceramic inductors and multilayer ceramic actuators.
- the conductive paste is applied to a desired substrate by, for example, screen printing, transfer printing, dipping, brush coating, a method using a dispenser, or the like, and then drying and firing.
- the drying temperature of the conductive paste is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 100 ° C or more and 200 ° C or less.
- the firing temperature (peak temperature) is also not particularly limited, but is, for example, 600 ° C to 900 ° C, preferably 700 ° C to 880 ° C, and more preferably 730 ° C to 850 ° C. .
- conductive paste (advance preparation)
- a flaky copper powder having an average particle diameter D 50 : 2.7 ⁇ m and a BET specific surface area: 0.65 m 2 / g was prepared.
- the copper powder is a single metal (pure copper) powder substantially containing no metal element other than copper, and does not substantially contain sulfur.
- Glass compositions A, B, and C were prepared by blending each glass raw material based on the oxide composition shown in Table 1 in terms of oxide, melting at 1200 ° C. using a platinum crucible, and air-cooled or quenched. in which the average particle diameter D 50 was obtained was pulverized to a 2.1 .mu.m.
- barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ) as a sulfur source is added to the glass raw materials described in Table 1 for the glass compositions A and B. It was added as a component (in other words, a component further added assuming that the total of the glass raw materials described in Table 1 was 100% by mass).
- the Ba component increased as a glass composition, and accordingly, the Ba raw material relative to the basic composition was correspondingly added.
- sulfur is added to the glass composition C, only the sulfur content is changed in the same manner except that potassium sulfate (K 2 SO 4 ) is used as a sulfur source and the amount of the K raw material is adjusted. I did it.
- VL-7501 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- Dianal MB-2677 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- Dianal BR-105 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- a mixed solvent was prepared by mixing terpineol (EK @ terpineol, manufactured by Ogawa Koran Co., Ltd.) and glycol ether (Dow Chemical Japan: Dwanol @ DPnP @ glycol ether) at a mass ratio of 8: 2.
- BaSO 4 powder having an average particle size (D 50 ) of 0.5 ⁇ m was prepared as an inorganic additive containing sulfur, and mercaptoethanol, dodecanethiol, and dimethyl sulfoxide were prepared as organic additives.
- Example 1 A metal powder, a glass composition A to which a sulfur component is added, an organic binder, and an organic solvent are mixed at a mass ratio of 65: 9: 5: 21, and then kneaded by a roll mill to produce a conductive paste. did. Note that, in the conductive paste, the glass composition was included as glass powder.
- Example 1 When the sulfur content was confirmed with a carbon / sulfur analyzer EMIA-320V (manufactured by HORIBA), the sulfur content in Example 1 was 198 ppm with respect to the metal powder.
- Examples 2 to 7 A conductive paste was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the addition amount of the sulfur component to the glass composition A was changed so that the sulfur content relative to the metal powder became the value shown in Table 2. did.
- Example 8 A conductive paste was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sulfur component was not added to the glass composition A and BaSO 4 powder was added as an inorganic additive. The sulfur content due to the addition of BaSO 4 powder was 115 ppm based on the metal powder.
- Example 9 A conductive paste was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the amount of the BaSO 4 powder was changed so that the sulfur content relative to the metal powder became the value shown in Table 2.
- Example 12 A conductive paste was produced in the same manner as in Example 8, except that mercaptoethanol was added instead of BaSO 4 powder.
- the sulfur content due to the addition of mercaptoethanol was 115 ppm based on the metal powder.
- Example 13 to 15 A conductive paste was produced in the same manner as in Example 12, except that the amount of the mercaptoethanol was changed so that the sulfur content of the metal powder became the value shown in Table 2.
- Example 16 A conductive paste was produced in the same manner as in Example 12, except that dodecanethiol was used instead of mercaptoethanol.
- Example 17 A conductive paste was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 16 except that the addition amount of the dodecanethiol was changed so that the sulfur content of the metal powder became the value shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 1 A conductive paste was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no sulfur component was added to the glass composition A. In Comparative Example 1, neither the inorganic additive containing sulfur nor the organic additive was added.
- Example 2 A conductive paste was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the addition amount of the sulfur component to the glass composition A was changed so that the sulfur content in the metal powder was 381 ppm.
- Example 6 A conductive paste was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the addition amount of the sulfur component to the glass composition A was changed so that the sulfur content in the metal powder was 653 ppm.
- the fired body was subjected to EDX analysis using a Quantax 75 (manufactured by Bruker) under the conditions of an acceleration voltage of 5 kV, a measurement time of 100 seconds, and a magnification of 200 times, and a floating amount of glass (Si amount) at the center of the fired film.
- a Quantax 75 manufactured by Bruker
- Si amount floating amount of glass
- the fired body was polished, and a cross-sectional SEM image near the center of the fired film was taken using TM-4000 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation) to calculate the area of voids (voids) in the fired film.
- the denseness of the fired film was evaluated according to the following criteria.
- Examples 25 to 29, Comparative Examples 9 to 10 As the glass composition, a glass composition C to which K 2 SO 4 was added so that the sulfur content relative to the metal powder became the value shown in Table 3 was used. The metal powder, the glass composition C, the organic binder, and the organic solvent were used. A conductive paste was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mass ratio was 69: 7: 5: 19.
- a conductive paste was produced in the same manner as in the above Examples and Comparative Examples, except that a powder made of a copper alloy containing 2% by mass of silver was used as the metal powder. .2 ⁇ m above 5.0 ⁇ m within the following range, the range of the BET specific surface area of 0.30 m 2 / g or more 1.00m in 2 / g or less of the metal powder, the average particle diameter of the glass powder as glass composition 0.
- the content of the metal powder in the conductive paste 50.0 Content of the glass composition in the conductive paste in a range of not less than 4% by mass and not more than 80.0% by mass, content of an organic vehicle in the conductive paste in a range of not less than 4.0% by mass and not more than 20.0% by mass.
- the content of the organic solvent in the conductive paste is in the range of 7.0% to 30.0% by mass
- the content of the organic binder in the conductive paste is in the range of 7.0% to 30.0% by mass.
- a conductive paste was produced in the same manner as in the above Examples and Comparative Examples, except that various changes were made within a range of 1.0% by mass or more and 15.0% by mass or less, and the same evaluation as above was performed. And the same results as described above were obtained.
- the conductive paste of the present invention is a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass composition contains sulfur (S), and the sulfur (S) The content is 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder.
- the conductive paste of the present invention is a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, an organic vehicle, and an inorganic additive, wherein the inorganic additive contains sulfur (S).
- the content of the sulfur (S) is 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder.
- the conductive paste of the present invention is a conductive paste containing a metal powder containing copper, a glass composition, an organic vehicle, and an organic additive, wherein the organic additive has a thiol group,
- the content of sulfur (S) in the organic additive is 10 ppm or more and 370 ppm or less based on the metal powder. Therefore, the firing behavior of the single metal powder containing copper is appropriately controlled, and as a result, it is possible to provide a conductive paste that has a wide firing window and is unlikely to cause problems such as voids and glass floating after firing. Therefore, the conductive paste of the present invention has industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
そして更に、形成された外部電極の表面には、電極としての信頼性の向上や半田実装をしやすくするといった目的のため、錫やニッケル等のめっき層が形成される。
(1) 銅を含む金属粉末と、ガラス組成物と、有機ビヒクルとを含む導電性ペーストであって、
前記ガラス組成物が硫黄(S)を含み、当該硫黄(S)の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下であることを特徴とする導電性ペースト。
前記無機添加剤が硫黄(S)を含み、当該硫黄(S)の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下であることを特徴とする導電性ペースト。
(3) 前記無機添加剤が硫酸塩である上記(2)に記載の導電性ペースト。
前記有機添加剤がチオール基を有し、前記有機添加剤中の硫黄(S)の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下であることを特徴とする導電性ペースト。
[導電性ペースト]
1.第1実施形態
本発明の好適な実施形態に係る導電性ペーストは、銅を含む金属粉末と、ガラス組成物と、有機ビヒクルとを含む導電性ペーストであって、前記ガラス組成物が硫黄(S)を含み、当該硫黄の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下である。
また、本発明の他の好適な実施形態に係る導電性ペーストは、銅を含む金属粉末と、ガラス組成物と、有機ビヒクルと、無機添加剤とを含む導電性ペーストであって、前記無機添加剤が硫黄を含み、当該硫黄の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下である。
また、本発明の他の好適な実施形態に係る導電性ペーストは、銅を含む金属粉末と、ガラス組成物と、有機ビヒクルと、有機添加剤とを含む導電性ペーストであって、前記有機添加剤がチオール基を有し、前記有機添加剤中の硫黄の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下である。
例えば、第1~第3実施形態において、導電性ペーストの前記の所定の成分中における硫黄の含有量が前記下限値未満であると、焼成した際の過焼結による悪影響を十分に防止することができなくなる。特に、比較的高温(例えば、780℃以上)で焼成した場合に過焼結による悪影響が顕著に生じやすくなる。
これにより、前述した効果がより顕著に発揮される。
本発明における導電性ペーストは金属粉末を含み、当該金属粉末は銅を含んでいる。
このような金属粉末としては、例えば、銅のみからなる純銅粉末や銅合金粉末等が挙げられる。更には銅粒子をコアとし、その表面に、酸化銅からなる薄膜や、銅以外の元素を含む酸化物薄膜が被覆された、コア-シェル構造の金属粉末であっても良い。薄膜としては、ガラス質であることが特に好ましい。金属粉末へのガラス質薄膜の被覆は、例えば日本国特許第3206496号等に記載されている方法により達成できる。
本発明の導電性ペーストに含まれるガラス組成物は、その軟化点が焼成温度以下であれば、いかなる組成を有するものであってもよいが、Pb、CdおよびBiを実質的に含まないガラス組成であることが好ましい。例えば、本発明においては、酸化物換算にした時のガラス組成全体の合計量に対し、必須成分としてSiO2を2.0質量%以上12.0質量%以下の範囲内で、B2O3を15.0質量%以上30.0質量%以下の範囲内で、Al2O3を2.0質量%以上12.0質量%以下の範囲内で含み、その他の任意成分として、BaOを40.0質量%以上65.0質量%以下の範囲内で、ZnOを5.0質量%以上50.0質量%以下の範囲内で、TiO2を0.5質量%以上7.0質量%以下の範囲内で、CaOを3.0質量%以上7.5質量%以下の範囲内で、K2Oを1.5質量%以上4.0質量%以下の範囲内で、MnO2を2.5質量%以上12.0質量%以下の範囲内で含むガラス組成物を好適に用いることができる。
これにより、コスト面から特に有利となる。
本発明において導電性ペーストに含まれる有機ビヒクルとしては特に限定されず、例えば、アルコール類(例えば、ターピネオール、α-ターピネオール、β-ターピネオール等)、エステル類(例えば、ヒドロキシ基含有エステル類、2,2,4―トリメチル-1,3-ペンタンジオールモノイソブチラート、ブチルカルビトールアセテート等)、エーテル類(例えば、ジプロピレングリコール-n-プロピルエーテル等のグリコールエーテル類等)等の有機溶剤から選択される1種または2種以上に対し、セルロース系樹脂(例えば、エチルセルロース、ニトロセルロース等)、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(例えば、ポリメチルアクリレート、ポリメチルメタクリレート等)、エステル系樹脂(例えば、ロジンエステル等)、ポリビニルアセタール(例えば、ポリビニルブチラール等)等の有機バインダーから選択される1種または2種以上を溶解又は分散させて用いることができるが、用途や塗布方法によっては、有機ビヒクルは有機溶剤のみからなり、有機バインダーを要しない場合もある。
また有機バインダーとしては、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂を含んでいることが好ましい。
導電性ペーストは、前述した各成分とは異なる成分として、硫黄を含む無機添加剤を含んでいてもよい。この際、無機添加剤の添加量は、無機添加剤中に含まれる硫黄量が金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下の範囲となるよう秤量される。
導電性ペーストは、前述した各成分とは異なる成分として、硫黄を含む有機添加剤を含んでいてもよい。この際、有機添加剤の添加量は、有機添加剤中に含まれる硫黄量が金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下の範囲となるよう秤量される。
チオール基を有する化合物(有機添加剤)としては、例えば、ドデカンチオール等のチオール類(メルカプトアルカン化合物)、メルカプトエタノール等のメルカプトアルコール化合物(OH基およびSH基の両方の官能基を有する化合物)等が挙げられる。
導電性ペーストは、前述した成分以外にも、その他の成分を含んでいてもよい。例えば、一般的な導電性ペーストに対して添加されるような可塑剤や消泡剤、高級脂肪酸や脂肪酸エステル系などの分散剤、レベリング剤、安定剤、密着促進剤、界面活性剤等が挙げられるが、いずれも成分中に硫黄が含まれないものが好ましい。
本発明の導電性ペーストは、一般的に広く知られている方法で塗布、焼成することにより、導電性を有する部位の形成に用いられる。その用途は特に限定されないが、特に、積層セラミックコンデンサや積層セラミックインダクタ、積層セラミックアクチュエータといった積層セラミック電子部品の内部導体(内部電極)や端子電極の形成に好適である。
(事前準備)
まず金属粉末としては、平均粒径D50:2.7μm、BET比表面積:0.65m2/gのフレーク状の銅粉末を準備した。なお、この銅粉末は銅以外の金属元素を実質的に含んでいない単金属(純銅)粉末であり、硫黄も実質的に含まれていない。
金属粉末と、硫黄成分を添加したガラス組成物Aと、有機バインダーと、有機溶剤とを、65:9:5:21の質量比で混合した後、ロールミルで混練して、導電性ペーストを製造した。なお、当該導電ペースト中において、ガラス組成物は、ガラス粉末として含まれていた。
金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が表2に示した値となるように、前記ガラス組成物Aへの硫黄成分の添加量を変更した以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
ガラス組成物Aに硫黄成分を添加せず、無機添加剤としてBaSO4粉末を添加した以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
BaSO4粉末の添加による硫黄の含有量は金属粉末に対して115ppmであった。
金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が表2に示した値となるように、前記BaSO4粉末の添加量を変更した以外は、前記実施例8と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
BaSO4粉末に代えてメルカプトエタノールを添加した以外は、実施例8と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が表2に示した値となるように、前記メルカプトエタノールの添加量を変更した以外は、前記実施例12と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
メルカプトエタノールに代えてドデカンチオールを用いた以外は、前記実施例12と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が表2に示した値となるように、前記ドデカンチオールの添加量を変更した以外は、前記実施例16と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
ガラス組成物Aに硫黄成分を添加しなかった以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。なお、比較例1には硫黄を含む無機添加剤も有機添加剤も添加されていない。
金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が381ppmとなるように、前記ガラス組成物Aに対する硫黄成分の添加量を変更した以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が9ppmとなるように、前記メルカプトエタノールの添加量を変更した以外は、前記実施例12と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
メルカプトエタノールの代わりにジメチルスルホキシドを用い、金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が表2に示した値となるように、前記ジメチルスルホキシドの添加量を調整した以外は、前記実施例12と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が653ppmとなるように、前記ガラス組成物Aに対する硫黄成分の添加量を変更した以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして導電性ペーストを製造した。
[2-1]750℃焼成
まず、前記各実施例および各比較例の導電性ペーストを用いて、3.2×2.5mmサイズのセラミックチップ部品の端面に対し、乾燥後の膜厚が165μmとなるように塗布印刷し、150℃で10分乾燥した後、ピーク温度が750℃となるように温度制御した炉で70分間焼成することにより、焼成体を得た。
B:ガラス浮き量が15%以上20%未満である。
C:ガラス浮き量が20%以上である。
B:緻密度が98%以上99%未満(空隙率が1%超2%以下)。
C:緻密度が98%未満(空隙率が2%超)。
焼成時のピーク温度を780℃にした以外は同様にして、実施例1~19および比較例1~6から焼成体を作製し、過焼結性と緻密性を評価した。
これらの結果を、表2にまとめて示す。
(実施例20~24、比較例7~8)
ガラス組成物として、金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が表3に示した値となるようにBaSO4を添加したガラス組成物Bを用い、金属粉末とガラス組成物Bと有機バインダーと有機溶剤の質量比を66:10:6:18として混合した以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして、導電性ペーストを製造した。
ガラス組成物として、金属粉末に対する硫黄の含有量が表3に示した値となるようにK2SO4を添加したガラス組成物Cを用い、金属粉末とガラス組成物Cと有機バインダーと有機溶剤との質量比を69:7:5:19として混合した以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして、導電性ペーストを製造した。
[4-1]焼成
実施例20~29、比較例7~10の導電性ペーストを用いた以外は前記と同様にして、750℃及び780℃のピーク温度で焼成して焼成体を作製し、過焼結性と緻密性を評価した。
更に、焼成時のピーク温度を830℃にした以外は前記と同様にして、実施例1~7、実施例20~29、比較例2、比較例6~10から焼成体を作製し、過焼結性と緻密性を評価した。
これらの結果を、表3にまとめて示す。
なお、ガラス組成物への硫黄の添加効果を対比するため、表3中の実施例1~7、比較例2、比較例6に関する一部の評価結果は表2と重複している。
Claims (6)
- 銅を含む金属粉末と、ガラス組成物と、有機ビヒクルとを含む導電性ペーストであって、
前記ガラス組成物が硫黄(S)を含み、当該硫黄(S)の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下であることを特徴とする導電性ペースト。 - 銅を含む金属粉末と、ガラス組成物と、有機ビヒクルと、無機添加剤とを含む導電性ペーストであって、
前記無機添加剤が硫黄(S)を含み、当該硫黄(S)の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下であることを特徴とする導電性ペースト。 - 前記無機添加剤が硫酸塩である請求項2に記載の導電性ペースト。
- 銅を含む金属粉末と、ガラス組成物と、有機ビヒクルと、有機添加剤とを含む導電性ペーストであって、
前記有機添加剤がチオール基を有し、前記有機添加剤中の硫黄(S)の含有量が前記金属粉末に対して10ppm以上370ppm以下であることを特徴とする導電性ペースト。 - 前記金属粉末が銅粉末である請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の導電性ペースト。
- 前記金属粉末に含まれる硫黄(S)の含有量が10ppm未満である請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の導電性ペースト。
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