WO2019111951A1 - アトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法 - Google Patents
アトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019111951A1 WO2019111951A1 PCT/JP2018/044727 JP2018044727W WO2019111951A1 WO 2019111951 A1 WO2019111951 A1 WO 2019111951A1 JP 2018044727 W JP2018044727 W JP 2018044727W WO 2019111951 A1 WO2019111951 A1 WO 2019111951A1
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
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- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
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- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
- C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
- B22F2009/0828—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid with water
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0832—Handling of atomising fluid, e.g. heating, cooling, cleaning, recirculating
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
- B22F2009/0872—Cooling after atomisation by water
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
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- C22C2200/00—Crystalline structure
- C22C2200/02—Amorphous
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- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of producing atomized metal powder.
- the present invention is particularly suitable for producing atomized metal powder in which the total content of iron-based components (Fe, Ni, Co) is 76 at% or more in atomic fraction.
- the atomizing method includes a water atomizing method in which a metal powder is obtained by injecting a high pressure water jet (high pressure water) into a flow of molten metal, and a gas atomizing method in which an inert gas is injected instead of the water jet.
- the flow of molten metal is divided by a water jet injected from a nozzle or the like to make a powder metal (metal powder), and the water jet is also performed to cool the powder metal (metal powder) to perform atomization. I have obtained metal powder.
- the flow of molten metal is divided by the inert gas jetted from the nozzle to make a powder metal, and then a water tank or flowing water provided below the atomizing device is usually provided. The powder is dropped into a drum, and the powder metal (metal powder) is cooled to obtain an atomized metal powder.
- the water atomization method has a higher production capacity and lower cost than the gas atomization method.
- the gas atomizing method it is necessary to use an inert gas at the time of atomizing, and the energy power at the time of atomizing is also inferior to the water atomizing method.
- metal powder produced by gas atomization is almost spherical
- metal powder produced by water atomization has an irregular shape, and the metal powder is compression molded to produce a motor core etc.
- the irregularly shaped metal powder of the water atomizing method has an advantage that the powders are more easily entangled and the strength after compression is higher than that of the spherical metal powder of the gas atomizing method.
- Patent Documents 1 to 11 In order to solve the problem of cooling suppression due to vapor film and film boiling when producing amorphous iron powder, studies have been made on Patent Documents 1 to 11.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method of producing a metal powder having a cooling rate of 10 5 K / s or more until solidification when the metal powder is obtained by cooling and solidifying while melting the molten metal. .
- the above-mentioned cooling rate is obtained by bringing the scattered molten metal into contact with the cooling fluid flow generated by swirling the cooling fluid along the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body.
- the flow velocity of the coolant flow generated by swirling the coolant is preferably 5 to 100 m / s.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method for producing a rapidly solidified metal powder.
- the cooling liquid is supplied from the circumferential direction from the outer peripheral side of the upper end of the cylindrical portion of the cooling container whose inner peripheral surface is a cylindrical surface and dropped while being swirled along the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion
- the swirling centrifugal force by the swirling forms a layered swirling cooling liquid layer having a cavity in the center, and molten metal is supplied to the inner peripheral surface of the swirling cooling liquid layer to rapidly solidify it.
- molten metal is supplied to the inner peripheral surface of the swirling cooling liquid layer to rapidly solidify it.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a gas jet nozzle for injecting a gas jet to molten metal flowing down and dividing it into droplets, and a cooling cylinder having a cooling liquid layer flowing down while swirling on an inner peripheral surface.
- An apparatus for producing a metal powder according to a gas atomization method comprising: In the technology described in Patent Document 3, it is assumed that a molten metal is divided into two stages by a gas jet nozzle and a swirling cooling liquid layer to obtain a finely solidified rapidly solidified metal powder.
- Patent Document 4 a molten metal is supplied into a liquid refrigerant, a vapor film covering the molten metal is formed in the refrigerant, the formed vapor film is collapsed, and the molten metal is brought into direct contact with the refrigerant.
- a method of producing amorphous metal fine particles is described in which boiling is caused by natural nucleation and the pressure wave is used to rapidly cool and amorphize the molten metal while tearing it down to form amorphous metal fine particles.
- the collapse of the vapor film covering the molten metal makes the interface temperature lower than the film boiling lower limit temperature or higher than the spontaneous nucleation temperature or makes ultrasonic irradiation when the temperature of the molten metal supplied to the refrigerant is in direct contact with the refrigerant. It is said that this is possible.
- Patent Document 5 when supplying the melted material as liquid droplets or a jet stream into the liquid refrigerant, it is assumed that the temperature of the melted material is in a molten state at or above the spontaneous nucleation temperature of the liquid refrigerant. Further, the relative velocity difference between the velocity of the melted material when entering the flow of the liquid refrigerant and the velocity of the flow of the liquid refrigerant is 10 m / s or more to form around the melted material. A method of producing fine particles is described which forcibly collapses the resulting vapor film to cause boiling by spontaneous nucleation, atomizes and cools and solidifies. As a result, even materials that were conventionally difficult can be micronized and amorphized.
- Patent Document 6 a raw material obtained by adding a functional additive to a material serving as a base material is melted and supplied into the liquid refrigerant, whereby the material is refined by steam explosion and cooled and solidified while cooling.
- a method of manufacturing a functional member comprising
- Patent Documents 7 and 8 disclose that a suction pipe is installed below water atomization, and the vapor film around the powder can be broken by suctioning the powder after melt powdering.
- Patent Document 9 describes that a cooling block is installed below water atomization, and a liquid of 80 kgf / cm 2 or more is jetted, and the powder after molten powder is applied to the cooling block to break the vapor film around the powder. It is done.
- Patent Document 10 a device for injecting a second liquid is installed below the atomization, and the injection pressure of the liquid is 5 to 20 MPa, and it is covered by forcibly changing the traveling direction of the dispersion containing the molten metal. It has been described to remove the vapor film that is being
- Patent Document 11 is a patent for ferrous boron-based ferromagnetic material (permanent magnet) containing a rare earth, but the water pressure is made 750 to 1200 kgf / cm 2 for making fine powder, amorphization by water atomization, water temperature It is considered desirable to set the temperature to 20 ° C. or less and to set the amount of water (kg) per 1 kg of iron to 25 to 45 [-].
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-150587 Japanese Examined Patent Publication 7-107167 Patent No. 3932573 Patent No. 3461344 Patent No. 479 3 872 Patent No. 4784990 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-24302 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-204305 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-24303 JP 2007-291454 A JP 2004-349364 A
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 supply a molten metal into a coolant liquid layer formed by swirling a coolant and dividing the metal particles into a vapor film formed around the metal particles. Although it is intended to peel off, when the temperature of the divided metal particles is high, film boiling is likely to occur in the coolant layer, and the metal particles supplied in the coolant layer move with the coolant layer. There is a problem that it is difficult to avoid the film boiling state because the relative velocity difference with the cooling liquid layer is small.
- metal powder is manufactured using gas atomization, but in gas atomization, a large amount of inert gas is required for atomization, so the manufacturing cost Problem of causing soaring of
- Patent Documents 7 to 10 relate to a water atomization method. Although the techniques described in Patent Documents 7 and 8 can remove the vapor film by suctioning the powder, if there is water around the high temperature object, the water from the inside of the object is continuously vaporized by the heat Because the vapor film is formed, it is difficult to remove the vapor film only by drawing the water and the molten metal together.
- Patent Document 9 it is possible to break the vapor film by placing a cooling block below the atomization and applying the molten metal covered by the vapor film to the cooling block, but the liquid was used for dividing. If the temperature of the liquid rises, the vapor film is likely to be formed along with it, and the injection pressure (pressure energy) possessed by the liquid is used to divide the amount of energy for breaking the vapor film when it hits the cooling block Run out. Even if the vapor film collapses, the vapor film is immediately restored as long as the molten metal (powder) is at a high temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to always keep the vapor film.
- Patent Document 10 Even in Patent Document 10, there is a possibility that the vapor film can be removed by changing the traveling direction of the dispersion liquid containing molten metal that has become droplets after atomization by liquid jet spraying, but when changing the traveling direction If the temperature of the molten metal is too high, it may again cover the vapor film due to the surrounding cooling water, and conversely, if the temperature when it hits the cooling block is too low, the molten metal will It may solidify and crystallization may proceed. In particular, when the content of the iron-based element (Fe + Co + Ni) is large, the melting start temperature is high because the melting point is high, the film boiling easily occurs from the beginning of the cooling, and it can not be said that the liquid injection pressure is about 5 to 20 MPa.
- the content of the iron-based element Fe + Co + Ni
- powder for permanent magnets, micronized powders be 750 ⁇ 1200kgf / cm 2 to amorphization, that the water temperature and 20 ° C. or less, the amount of water per iron 1 kg 25
- the amount should be up to 45 L (liters)
- the amount of water per 1 kg of iron is set to 25 to 45 L, this can not be said to be sufficient for a soft magnetic material having a high iron-based element.
- the water atomization method is advantageous from the viewpoint of productivity and adhesion between particles.
- it is advantageous to perform rapid cooling with water after gas atomization as in Patent Documents 1 to 6 in favor of amorphization.
- it is necessary to add another means because it is covered with a steam film with cooling water that has been atomized around the molten metal that has been divided after atomization, and such means as in Patent Documents 7 to 11 There is.
- the respective effects are insufficient for amorphizing a soft magnetic material having an iron-based element content of 76 at% or more.
- the present invention has been completed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an atomized metal powder having a high amorphization ratio by a water atomization method.
- the present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems. As a result, high-pressure water is injected into the molten metal, and the molten metal is divided and cooled to obtain atomized metal powder, paying attention to the collision pressure instead of the injection pressure, and further, the molten metal and the high-pressure water By adjusting the state of water on the collision surface, the above problem is solved. More specifically, the present invention provides the following.
- High-pressure water is jetted against the molten metal falling in the vertical direction to cause collision, and the molten metal is divided into metal powder, and the metal powder is cooled to achieve atomization with an amorphization ratio of 90% or more
- a method of producing a metal powder The collision pressure when the high pressure water collides with the molten metal is 20 MPa or more, A method of producing an atomized metal powder, wherein the temperature of the molten metal and / or the temperature of the high pressure water is adjusted so that the high pressure water is in a subcritical or supercritical state at the collision surface with the molten metal.
- the atomized metal powder has a total content of iron-based components (Fe, Ni, Co) of 76.0 at% or more in atomic fraction, and a Cu content of 0.1 at% or more in atomic fraction
- the atomized metal powder has a total content of iron-based components (Fe, Ni, Co) of more than 82.5 at% and less than 86 at% in atomic fraction, and at least 2 selected from Si, P and B
- the subcritical state is a pressure of 0.5 to 22 MPa and a water temperature of 150 to 274 ° C.
- the supercritical state is a pressure of 22 MPa or more and a water temperature of 374 ° C. or more
- the manufacturing method of the atomized metal powder in any one of-[5].
- the present invention it is possible to amorphize an atomized metal powder with an amorphization rate of 90% or more.
- the atomized metal powder obtained in the present invention is subjected to appropriate heat treatment after being formed, nano-sized crystals are precipitated.
- appropriate heat treatment may be performed after the powder is formed, It has become possible to achieve both low loss and high magnetic flux density.
- the present invention is suitable for the manufacture of any conventionally known amorphous based soft magnetic material.
- the amorphization ratio after atomization can be made 90% or more. Furthermore, in the prior art, it was extremely difficult to set the amorphization ratio to an average particle diameter of 90% or more and 5 ⁇ m or more. However, when the production method of the present invention is applied, the amorphization ratio can be made 90% or more even if the average particle diameter is increased. Since the amorphization ratio can be made to be 90% or more and 5 ⁇ m or more in average particle diameter, the saturation magnetic flux density (Bs) value becomes extremely large if appropriate heat treatment is performed after molding.
- the present invention is suitable for producing atomized metal powder having a high Fe-based component concentration
- the “amorphization ratio” refers to the halo peak from amorphous (amorphous) and the X-ray diffraction method after removing dust other than metal powder from the obtained metal powder (soft magnetic iron powder)
- the diffraction peak from the crystal is measured and calculated by the WPPD method.
- the “WPPD method” mentioned here is an abbreviation of Whole-powder-pattern decomposition method. For the WPPD method, Hideho Toya: Journal of the Crystallographic Society of Japan, vol. 30 (1988), no. 4, pp. 253-258.
- FIG. 1 is a figure which shows typically an example of the manufacturing apparatus which can be used for the manufacturing method of the atomized metal powder of this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a figure which shows typically an example of the manufacturing equipment for enforcing the manufacturing method of this invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between pressure, water temperature, and the state of water.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amorphization ratio and the collision pressure.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view for explaining how the collision pressure of molten metal is measured by a collision pressure measurement pressure sensor.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a BH diagram obtained by VSM.
- FIG. 1 an example of the manufacturing apparatus which can be used for the manufacturing method of the atomized metal powder of this invention is shown typically.
- the molten metal 3 in a state where the molten metal 3 is poured into the tundish 2, the molten metal 3 drops from the molten metal injection nozzle 4 by its own weight. Further, as the cooling water supplied to the nozzle header 5, the cooling water 20 (corresponding to high pressure water) is jetted from the cooling nozzle 6. The cooling water 20 collides with the molten metal (falling molten metal) and is atomized to form a metal powder 8 which is a divided molten metal.
- FIG. 2 an example of the manufacturing equipment for enforcing the manufacturing method of this invention is shown typically.
- the manufacturing facility shown in FIG. 2 adjusts the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water tank 15 using the cooling water temperature controller 16, and sends the temperature-controlled cooling water to the high pressure pump 17 for atomizing cooling water, It is sent from the high pressure pump 17 for atomizing cooling water through the pipe 18 for atomizing cooling water to the atomizing device 14 (corresponding to the manufacturing device in FIG. 1), and the high pressure water colliding with the molten metal falling in the vertical direction from the atomizing device 14 The molten metal is divided into metal powder by spraying, and the metal powder is cooled to produce atomized metal powder.
- the present invention is characterized in that the collision pressure when the cooling water 20 collides with the molten metal is adjusted to 20 MPa or more and the water is in a subcritical or supercritical state at the collision surface.
- the supercritical state of water is a region of 374 ° C. or more and 22 MPa or more.
- the subcritical state of water is a high temperature and high pressure state near the critical point, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a region of 100 ° C. or more and less than 374 ° C. and 0.1 MPa or more and less than 22 MPa, 374 ° C. or more and 2 MPa or more and less than 22 MPa Area of 250 ° C. or more and less than 374 ° C. and 22 MPa or more.
- the collision pressure when the cooling water 20 collides with the molten metal is 20 MPa or more.
- the collision pressure is measured with a pressure sensor with a collision surface sensor diameter of ⁇ 2 mm when non-atomizing.
- the injection pressure of the cooling water 20 further needs to be the pressure or more.
- the injection pressure is reduced when the cooling water 20 is fanned out, it is preferable to attach a straight-forward type nozzle.
- the linear distance from the injection port of the cooling water 20 of the cooling nozzle 6 to the molten metal is preferably 150 mm or less. More preferably, it is 100 mm or less.
- the temperature of the molten metal and / or the temperature of the cooling water are adjusted so that the cooling water 20 is in a subcritical or supercritical state at the collision surface with the molten metal.
- the adjustment of the temperature of the molten metal can be performed by the heating temperature adjustment by the high frequency output in the melting furnace.
- the molten metal 3 can be held in the melting furnace after heating to adjust the temperature of the molten metal 3 poured into the tundish 2.
- the average temperature ((molten metal temperature + cooling water temperature) / 2) of the temperature of the molten metal and the temperature of the cooling water 20 is taken as the temperature of water on the collision surface.
- the molten metal temperature can be measured using a non-contact thermometer at the atomization point.
- the temperature of the cooling water can be confirmed from a thermometer (not shown) that measures the water temperature of the cooling water tank 15 of FIG.
- the collision pressure, the temperature of the molten metal, and the cooling so that the average temperature and the collision pressure become a subcritical or supercritical state. Adjust the temperature of water 20.
- the temperature of the molten metal may be adjusted in the range of ⁇ 50 °
- the temperature of the cooling water may be adjusted in the range of ⁇ 5 ° C.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amorphization ratio and the collision pressure.
- the graph shown in FIG. 4 shows that the total content of iron-based components (Fe, Ni, Co) is 76.0 at.% (Atomic ratio of molten metal (mass ratio: Qaq / Qm) 20) and Cu 0.5 at. % And the total content of iron-based components (Fe, Ni, Co) is 85.8 atomic% (water-soluble metal ratio 35) and contains 0.5 atomic% of Cu.
- the total content of iron-based components Fe, Ni, Co
- the total content of iron-based components is 85.8 atomic% (water-soluble metal ratio 35) and contains 0.5 atomic% of Cu.
- the graph of FIG. 4 about the example whose impact pressure is 20 MPa, it adjusted so that the state of the water of the collision surface of a cooling water and a molten metal might be in a subcritical state.
- the state of water at the collision surface was adjusted to be in the supercritical state.
- the state of water on the collision surface was adjusted to be other than the subcritical state and the supercritical state.
- the amorphization ratio can be 90% or more.
- the average temperature of the temperature of the molten metal and the temperature of the cooling water it is preferable to set the average temperature of the temperature of the molten metal and the temperature of the cooling water to 374 ° C. or higher when the cooling water (high pressure water) collides with the molten metal. .
- the average temperature it is preferable to set the average temperature to 374 ° C. or higher, the critical state is approached, and the steam is also densified.
- the mass ratio (Qaq / Qm) is , 35 or more is preferable.
- the mass ratio is large, the amorphization ratio tends to increase, and when it is 35 or more, adjustment is easy, and a sufficiently high effect can be obtained.
- the total content of iron-based components is 76 at% or more in atomic fraction, and the content of Cu is 0.1 at% or more to 2 at% or less in atomic fraction Suitable for the production of certain atomized metal powders.
- the content of iron-based elements Fe + Co + Ni
- the melting start temperature is high
- the cooling start temperature is high
- film boiling easily occurs from the beginning of cooling, and it is difficult to increase the amorphization ratio to 90% or more by the conventional method Met.
- the present invention even when the content of the iron-based element (Fe + Co + Ni) is large, the amorphization ratio can be increased.
- the amorphization ratio can be increased while the content of the iron-based element (Fe + Co + Ni) is increased, so that the magnetic flux density can be increased.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention contributes to downsizing and high output of the motor.
- composition of the molten metal is adjusted to the above range, the composition of the atomized metal powder also falls within the above range.
- the total content of the iron-based components is more than 82.5 at% and less than 86.0 at% in atomic fraction, contains Cu, and contains Si, P and B It is suitable for the production of an atomized metal powder containing at least two selected and having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the total content of iron-based components (Fe, Ni, Co) exceeds 82.5 at% and less than 86 at% in atomic fraction In this case, the finer the average particle size, the easier it is to be cooled, and the amorphization ratio can be made higher than when the average particle size is large.
- the average particle diameter is 5 ⁇ m or more, it is extremely difficult to increase the amorphization ratio to 90% or more.
- the amorphization ratio can be made 90% or more.
- the standard of the upper limit of the average particle diameter which can make the amorphization ratio 90% or more in the present invention is 75 ⁇ m.
- a particle size is classified and measured by the sieve method, and an average particle diameter (D50) is calculated by the integration method. Also, laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement may be used.
- the molten metal 3 obtained by melting the raw material at a predetermined temperature in a high frequency melting furnace or the like is poured into the tundish 2.
- the molten metal injection nozzle 4 having a predetermined molten metal injection nozzle diameter is set in advance in the tundish 2.
- the molten metal 3 enters the tundish 2 the molten metal is pushed out of the molten metal injection nozzle 4 by a free fall or back pressure and falls.
- the cooling water jetted from the cooling water nozzle 6 of a predetermined water pressure by the high pressure pump 17 for atomized cooling water collides with the molten metal, and the molten metal is crushed, refined, and cooled.
- the cooling water may be stored in advance in the cooling water tank 15, and the water temperature may be adjusted by the cooling water temperature regulator 16 as necessary.
- the coolant injection nozzle used was of the straight-ahead type. It was installed by setting the angle of 12 degrees, the vertical direction, and 30 degrees around the molten metal to fall. The effect of the present invention can be obtained even if the mounting angle of the nozzle is adjusted to 5 to 60 degrees.
- the collision pressure of the molten metal is measured by the collision pressure measurement pressure sensor 51 (see FIG. 5).
- the collision pressure measurement pressure sensor 51 is set in the direction perpendicular to the injection angle of the nozzle to confirm that it is a predetermined collision pressure.
- FIG. 5 The collision pressure measurement pressure sensor 51 is set in the direction perpendicular to the injection angle of the nozzle to confirm that it is a predetermined collision pressure.
- the measurement of the collision pressure at is performed before dropping the molten metal.
- the molten metal in the form of iron powder is collected by a hopper, dried and classified, and then the amorphization ratio is evaluated. Pass at amorphization rate of 90% or more.
- soft magnetic materials of the following component systems were prepared. "%" Means “at%”.
- (I) to (v) are Fe-based soft magnetic materials.
- (Vi) is a Fe + Co based soft magnetic material.
- (Vii) is a Fe + Co + Ni soft magnetic material.
- the atomized metal powders of Examples 1 to 4 were subjected to appropriate heat treatment after molding. Thereby, nano-sized crystals were precipitated. It was also confirmed that both low loss and high magnetic flux density can be achieved. Specifically, it confirmed by the following method.
- the size of the nanocrystals was determined by XRD (X-ray diffractometer) and then determined using Scheller's equation.
- K is the form factor (generally 0.9)
- ⁇ is the full width at half maximum (with radian value)
- ⁇ is the crystal size .
- ⁇ K ⁇ / ⁇ cos ⁇ (Scheller's formula)
- VSM vibration type magnetometer
- FIG. 6 is open to the public by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (JST) (Internet URL: https://www.jst.go.jp/pr/report/report27/grf2.html Search date November 16, 2017).
- JST National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
- atomization start temperature is the temperature of the molten metal at the atomization point.
- the molten metal temperature at the atomization point was measured by a noncontact thermometer.
- average temperature is represented by ((molten metal temperature + cooling water temperature) / 2).
- the molten metal temperature at the atomizing point was measured by a noncontact thermometer, and the cooling water temperature was measured by a thermometer at the water temperature of the cooling water tank.
- water-melting metal ratio is mass ratio Qaq / Qm.
- Reference Signs List 2 Tundish 3 molten metal 4 molten metal injection nozzle 5 nozzle header 6 nozzle for cooling 8 metal powder 14 atomizing device 15 cooling water tank 16 temperature controller for cooling water 17 high pressure pump for atomizing cooling water 18 piping for atomizing cooling water 20 cooling Water 51 Impact pressure measurement pressure sensor
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Abstract
Description
前記高圧水が前記溶融金属に衝突する際の衝突圧を20MPa以上とし、
前記高圧水が前記溶融金属との衝突面で亜臨界状態または超臨界状態になるように、前記溶融金属の温度及び/又は前記高圧水の温度を調整するアトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法。
[6]前記亜臨界状態は、圧力が0.5~22MPa、かつ、水温が150~274℃であり、前記超臨界状態は、圧力が22MPa以上、かつ、水温が374℃以上である[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載のアトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法。
(i)Fe76%-Si9%-B10%-P5%
(ii)Fe78%-Si9%-B9%-P4%
(iii)Fe80%-Si8%-B8%-P4%
(iv)Fe82.8%-B11%-P5%-Cu1.2%
(v)Fe84.8%-Si4%-B10%-Cu1.2%
(vi)Fe69.8%-Co15%-B10%-P4%-Cu1.2%
(vii)Fe69.8%-Ni1.2%-Co15%-B9.4%-P3.4%-Cu1.2%
(i)~(vii)は、各目的の配合となるように調整したが、実際の組成については、溶解してアトマイズが終了した時点で、±0.3at%程度の誤差や、その他不純物が含まれる場合がある。また、溶解中、アトマイズ中、アトマイズ後において酸化等により多少の組成の変化が現れることもある。
τ=Kλ/βcosθ (シェラーの式)
また得られた粉末の磁性特性はVSM(振動型磁力計)によって調査し、VSMによって得られたB-H線図(図6)から、飽和磁束密度をC点(F点)、保持力をE点、透磁率をBの最大傾き、損失をヒステリシスの面積(C-D-F-G)で求めた。なお、図6は、国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構(JST)より一般公開されている(インターネットURL:https://www.jst.go.jp/pr/report/report27/grf2.html 検索日2017年11月16日)。
3 溶融金属
4 溶融金属注入ノズル
5 ノズルヘッダー
6 冷却用ノズル
8 金属粉末
14 アトマイズ装置
15 冷却水タンク
16 冷却水用温度調節機
17 アトマイズ冷却水用高圧ポンプ
18 アトマイズ冷却水用配管
20 冷却水
51 衝突圧測定圧力センサー
Claims (6)
- 鉛直方向に落下する溶融金属に高圧水を噴射して衝突させ、該溶融金属を分断して金属粉末とし、かつその金属粉末を冷却し、非晶質化率が90%以上のアトマイズ金属粉末を製造する方法であって、
前記高圧水が前記溶融金属に衝突する際の衝突圧を20MPa以上とし、
前記高圧水が前記溶融金属との衝突面で亜臨界状態または超臨界状態になるように、前記溶融金属の温度及び/又は前記高圧水の温度を調整するアトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法。 - 前記高圧水と前記溶融金属との衝突時において、前記溶融金属の温度と前記高圧水の温度との平均温度を374℃以上とする請求項1に記載のアトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法。
- 前記溶融金属の単位時間当たりの落下量をQm(kg/min)、前記高圧水の単位時間当たりの噴射量をQaq(kg/min)としたときに、質量比(Qaq/Qm)が35以上である請求項1又は2に記載のアトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法。
- 前記アトマイズ金属粉末は、鉄系成分(Fe、Ni、Co)の合計含有量が原子分率で76.0at%以上であり、Cuの含有量が原子分率で0.1at%以上2.0at%以下である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のアトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法。
- 前記アトマイズ金属粉末は、鉄系成分(Fe、Ni、Co)の合計含有量が原子分率で82.5at%を超え86.0at%未満であり、Si、P及びBから選ばれる少なくとも2種とCuを含有し、平均粒径が5μm以上である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のアトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法。
- 前記亜臨界状態は、圧力が0.5~22MPa、かつ、水温が150~274℃であり、
前記超臨界状態は、圧力が22MPa以上、かつ、水温が374℃以上である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のアトマイズ金属粉末の製造方法。
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CA3084963A1 (en) | 2019-06-13 |
CN111432964A (zh) | 2020-07-17 |
US20200316688A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
JP6575723B1 (ja) | 2019-09-18 |
KR20200078630A (ko) | 2020-07-01 |
EP3722028A4 (en) | 2020-11-18 |
KR102455104B1 (ko) | 2022-10-14 |
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