WO2018123560A1 - 外装パネルおよび外装パネルの製造方法 - Google Patents
外装パネルおよび外装パネルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018123560A1 WO2018123560A1 PCT/JP2017/044530 JP2017044530W WO2018123560A1 WO 2018123560 A1 WO2018123560 A1 WO 2018123560A1 JP 2017044530 W JP2017044530 W JP 2017044530W WO 2018123560 A1 WO2018123560 A1 WO 2018123560A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sheet member
- metal plate
- resin structure
- exterior panel
- top surface
- Prior art date
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- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/02—Side panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/06—Fixed roofs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
- B62D25/10—Bonnets or lids, e.g. for trucks, tractors, busses, work vehicles
- B62D25/105—Bonnets or lids, e.g. for trucks, tractors, busses, work vehicles for motor cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
- B62D25/16—Mud-guards or wings; Wheel cover panels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exterior panel and a method for manufacturing the exterior panel.
- an automotive panel disposed on the surface of a vehicle body is required to have a rigidity of panel (rigidity).
- Tension rigidity is determined by the Young's modulus and thickness of the steel sheet to be applied.
- the Young's modulus of the steel sheet is generally constant regardless of the strength. Therefore, if the thickness of the steel plate of the automotive panel is reduced for the purpose of weight reduction, the tension rigidity is lowered.
- the tension rigidity of the automobile panel is lowered, it is easily recessed by applying a relatively small external force, and the appearance of the automobile is significantly impaired. For these reasons, there is a need for an automotive panel that is lightweight and has excellent tensile rigidity.
- Patent Document 1 describes a plate material whose rigidity is improved by interposing a resin structure between two metal plates (hereinafter, this plate material may be referred to as a composite structure plate).
- the resin structure constituting the composite structure plate of Patent Document 1 has a structure in which a plurality of hollow convex portions are formed from the surface of the base portion, and the first metal plate is heat-sealed to the back surface of the base portion. The second metal plate is heat-sealed to the top surface of the convex portion.
- Patent Document 2 describes a composite structure plate having improved rigidity by sandwiching a resin structure between first and second metal plates and bonding them together with an adhesive.
- Patent Document 2 In the composite structure plate of Patent Document 2, a cylindrical standing body is sandwiched between metal plates to form a sealed section, and the air pressure in the sealed space exceeds 1 atm.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe a composite structure plate that is lightweight and excellent in rigidity by sandwiching a resin structure between two metal plates. It is described that these composite structural plates can be used as automobile panels that are lightweight and have excellent rigidity.
- Patent Document 3 describes a laminated structure panel in which the tension rigidity of the panel is improved by a resin-made rib that is integrally provided on the inner surface of the metal panel.
- an automotive panel has a complicated shape from the viewpoint of design, so that a plate material is often formed into a desired shape.
- a plate material is often formed into a desired shape.
- an automotive panel that curves along a first direction and also curves along a second direction that intersects the first direction.
- an automotive panel having a particularly complicated shape may have a saddle shape in which the bending direction along the first direction and the bending direction along the second direction are opposite to each other. . If it is going to apply the technique of patent documents 1 and 2 which was illustrated previously to such a panel for cars, the deformation at the time of fabrication will deform the shape of a resin structure, the metal plate and resin structure by peeling There are gaps between them, wrinkling and folding of the metal plate.
- the automobile panel may be broken by molding.
- the automotive panel cannot maintain the tension rigidity.
- the rigidity of the composite structural plate itself is high, it is difficult to form it into a desired shape.
- the uneven shape of the resin structure is transferred to the outer metal plate, and the appearance may be significantly impaired.
- Patent Document 3 a resin rib is bonded to the inside of a metal panel to improve the tension rigidity.
- the laminated structure of Patent Document 3 has only a slight improvement in the overall stiffness. That is, the laminated structure of Patent Document 3 has insufficient tension rigidity to be applied to a panel for an automobile outer plate.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an exterior panel having a complicated shape and excellent tensile rigidity. Moreover, even if it has a complicated shape, this invention makes it a subject to provide the manufacturing method of the exterior panel which can exhibit high tension rigidity, without impairing external appearance quality.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a metal plate having a curved surface portion, a plurality of cylinders having the same length in the central axis direction, and a top surface that covers one end of each of the cylinders. And a base structure that connects the other ends of the cylindrical body, and the top surface is bonded to the curved surface portion of the metal plate and bonded to the base portion of the resin structure And a sheet member made of resin or paper, and the relationship between the tensile elastic modulus E (N / mm 2 ) and the thickness t (mm) of the sheet member satisfies the following formula (1): .
- the top surface has a hexagonal shape when viewed from the central axis direction of the cylindrical body, and is spaced apart from each other by a certain distance. You may arrange
- the sum of the areas of the plurality of top surfaces may be larger than the area of the base.
- the curved surface portion includes a cross section along a first direction on a plate surface of the metal plate, and the first direction. And a cross section along a second direction perpendicular to the cross section may be a curved portion.
- the central axis direction of the cylindrical body at the location where the resin structure of the metal plate and the sheet member are provided, The relative angle with the normal direction of the metal plate at the joining position of the cylindrical body may be within 5 °.
- a hole may be formed in a portion of the sheet member that is not in contact with the base portion of the resin structure.
- the exterior panel according to any one of [1] to [8] may be an automotive panel.
- a second aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an exterior panel according to any one of the above [1] to [9], in which a sheet member made of resin or paper has a central axis direction.
- the resin structure including a plurality of cylinders having the same length, a top surface that covers one end of each of the cylinders, and a base that connects the other ends of the cylinders
- a first laminating step in which the entire surface of the base is adhered and bonded, and a second bonding in which the entire surface of the top surface of the resin structure bonded with the sheet member is adhered to a metal plate having a curved surface.
- a combining step is the method for manufacturing an exterior panel according to any one of the above [1] to [9], in which a sheet member made of resin or paper has a central axis direction.
- the resin structure including a plurality of cylinders having the same length, a top surface that covers one end of each of the cylinders, and a base that connects the other
- a third aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an exterior panel according to any one of the above [1] to [9], in which a sheet member made of resin or paper has a central axis direction.
- the resin structure including a plurality of cylinders having the same length, a top surface that covers one end of each of the cylinders, and a base that connects the other ends of the cylinders
- a laminating step in which the metal plate is adhered and adhered.
- an adhesive may be applied to the sheet member bonded to the metal plate.
- a hole may be formed in a portion of the sheet member that is not in contact with the base portion of the resin structure.
- the top surface of the plurality of cylinders of the resin structure is joined without a gap along the shape of the curved surface portion of the metal plate, and the sheet member is joined to the base of the resin structure without a gap.
- the metal plate and the sheet member are separated by a length in the central axis direction of the cylinder, and the cylinder is disposed therebetween. Since the cylindrical body is restrained by joining the metal plate and the sheet member to both sides in the central axis direction, the cross-sectional shape is not easily deformed. As a result, the cylindrical body is not easily deformed or buckled in the central axis direction.
- the tension rigidity of the exterior panel of the present invention can be improved. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that by using a sheet member having E ⁇ t 3 satisfying a predetermined range, it is possible to reliably improve the tension rigidity without impairing the appearance of the exterior panel. That is, the tension rigidity of the exterior panel can be increased by joining the sheet member in which the tensile elastic modulus and the plate thickness of the sheet member satisfy the relationship of the above formula (1) to the resin structure. Further, by configuring the sheet member with resin or paper, it is possible to reduce the weight of the exterior panel as compared with the case where a metal plate is used.
- the basic exterior panel configuration and effects of the present invention are as described above.
- the equivalent circle diameter means the diameter of the circumscribed circle on the top surface.
- the exterior panel of this invention it is good also as a round shape at the point of the ease of making a cylinder.
- the distance between the axes of the cylinders becomes equal, so that high tension rigidity can be exhibited in any direction.
- the gaps between the cylinders may be linearly continuous. Therefore, the metal plate is not easily bent by the external pressing force, and high tension rigidity can be exhibited.
- the bonding area between the metal plate and the resin structure can be increased.
- the metal plate and the resin structure can be more firmly joined, and the tension rigidity of the exterior panel can be increased.
- the bonding area between the sheet member and the resin structure is relatively small.
- a suitable bonding method can be freely set. It can be selected, and the bonding strength can be further increased. For this reason, there is no inconvenience due to the relatively small bonding area between the sheet member and the resin structure.
- the curved surface portion of the metal plate has a shape in which both a cross section along the first direction on the plate surface of the metal plate and a cross section along the second direction orthogonal to the first direction are curved. It can be suitably used as an exterior panel having a complicated shape.
- the metal panel may have a flat surface portion in addition to the curved surface portion.
- the relative angle between the central axis direction of the cylinder and the normal direction of the metal plate at the joining position of the cylinder is preferably within 5 °. This is because, when the relative angle is within 5 °, most of the cylinders are not deformed, so that the tension rigidity can be increased at the relevant part of the exterior panel.
- the above is the exterior panel of the present invention and its effects.
- the manufacturing method of the exterior panel of this invention is described.
- the resin structure and the sheet member are first bonded together, and then the resin structure on which the sheet member is bonded is bonded to a metal panel having a curved surface portion.
- a metal panel having a curved surface portion By applying in this order, there is no deformation as a composite structure, so that the composite structure can be produced without causing distortion of the resin structure, peeling of the metal plate and the resin structure, large wrinkles and bending of the sheet member. Panels can be manufactured.
- the above is the basic method for manufacturing an exterior panel of the present invention and its effects.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an automotive panel.
- 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the automotive panel shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the automobile panel shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the automobile panel of the present invention is applied to a door panel of an automobile.
- FIG. 5A is a perspective view illustrating a main part of the resin structure.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of the resin structure.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a main part of an example of the resin structure.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a main part of another example of the resin structure.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining a first bonding step in the method for manufacturing an automotive panel.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first bonding step in the method for manufacturing an automotive panel.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a second bonding step in the method for manufacturing an automotive panel.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram for explaining a second bonding step in the method for manufacturing an automotive panel.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the plate thickness of the sheet member and the tensile elastic modulus.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing a relationship between the ratio of the equivalent circle diameter of the top surface of the resin structure and the plate thickness of the sheet member, and the ratio of the height of the cylinder of the resin structure and the plate thickness of the sheet member.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an automobile panel
- FIG. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of the automobile panel shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the automobile panel shown in FIG.
- the automotive panel 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is used as an outer plate of a car body.
- the automotive panel 1 is applied to a door panel, a front fender panel, a rear fender panel, a trunk panel, a roof panel, a hood panel, and the like. These members form the outer shape of the vehicle body, and have a shape in which curved portions and flat portions having various shapes are combined.
- the automobile panel 1 shown in FIG. 1 shows a portion including a curved surface portion and a flat surface portion. That is, the automotive panel 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a flat surface portion 1a and a curved surface portion 1b adjacent to the flat surface portion 1a.
- the curved surface portion 1b is a portion where both cross sections along the X direction and the Y direction in the drawing are bent.
- the curved surface portion 1b shown in FIG. 1 has a shape in which the metal plate 2 bulges toward the metal plate 2 side, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the shape in which the metal plate 2 is recessed toward the sheet member 4 side. May be.
- the shape of the metal plate 2 may be, for example, a bowl shape in which the bending direction along the X direction and the bending direction along the Y direction are opposite to each other.
- the automotive panel 1 includes a metal plate 2, a resin structure 3, and a sheet member 4.
- the resin structure 3 is joined to the metal plate 2, and the resin structure 3 has a sheet member. 4 is joined.
- the resin structure 3 is sandwiched between the metal plate 2 and the sheet member 4.
- the resin structure 3 is provided with a plurality of cylinders 11 having the same height as will be described later, and is arranged so that the top surface 12 of the cylinder 11 faces the metal plate 2 side. Has been.
- the metal plate 2 is a member that forms the outer surface of the vehicle panel 1 and constitutes the outer shape of the vehicle body when the vehicle panel 1 is attached to the vehicle body.
- Examples of the metal plate 2 include a steel plate, an aluminum plate, and an aluminum alloy plate.
- the metal plate 2 is formed into a shape having a curved surface portion 1b by forming a flat plate such as a steel plate by press forming or the like.
- the curved surface portion 1b provided on the metal plate 2 is a portion where both of the cross sections along the X direction and the Y direction in FIG. 1 are bent.
- the metal plate 2 may have a flat surface portion 1a in addition to the curved surface portion 1b.
- the thickness of the metal plate 2 is not particularly limited, but when the metal plate 2 is a steel plate, the plate thickness of the steel plate of the conventional automobile panel is about 0.6 to 0.7 mm, while the viewpoint of weight reduction. To 0.5 mm or less is desirable. On the other hand, the plate thickness of the steel plate is preferably 0.1 mm or more from the viewpoint of securing the tension rigidity. When the metal plate 2 is an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate, the thickness is preferably about 0.3 to 1.0 mm in view of the current situation.
- the resin structure 3 has a plurality of cylinders having the same length in the direction of the central axis M when assuming a central axis M passing through the center of the cylindrical body 11 and extending along the height direction thereof. 11, a top surface 12 that closes one end 11 a of each cylinder 11, and a base 13 that connects the other ends 11 b of each cylinder 11. And as shown in FIG. 3, all the some top surfaces 12 are joined to the metal plate 2 without gap. Further, the sheet member 4 is joined to the base portion 13 without a gap.
- the tubular cylinder 11 protrudes from the one surface 13 a side of the base portion 13, and the top surface 12 extends to the one end portion 11 a side of the protruding cylinder 11. Is arranged, and the cylindrical body 11 has a structure covered with a top surface 12.
- a base 13 is connected to the other end 11 b of the cylinder 11. Since the base portion 13 is on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical body 11 in order to connect the cylindrical bodies 11, the other end portion 11 b of the cylindrical body 11 is not blocked by the base portion 13 and has an opening 11 c. For this reason, as shown to FIG.
- the internal space of the cylinder 11 can face from the other surface 13b side of the base 13.
- FIG. 3 the opening 11 c of the cylindrical body 11 is closed when the sheet member 4 is joined to the resin structure 3.
- the shape of the opening 11c viewed from the direction of the central axis M (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a planar shape) is substantially the same as or similar to the planar shape of the top surface 12. Further, the central axis M direction of the cylinder 11 substantially coincides with the normal direction of the base portion 13. For this reason, the projection position of the top surface 12 when the cylindrical body 11 of the resin structure 3 is viewed in plan substantially overlaps the opening 11c. This positional relationship is preferably maintained as it is even when the resin structure 3 is disposed between the metal plate 2 and the sheet member 4.
- the automotive panel 1 of the present embodiment is not limited to the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 bonded to the entire surface of the metal plate 2, and for example, as shown in FIG. 4, an automotive door panel 51 (metal plate ), The resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 may be bonded to each other.
- the vicinity of the edge 51a, the character line 51b, and the reinforcing members 52a, 52b, and 52c of the door panel 51 has high tension rigidity. Therefore, the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 are pasted in other areas. Together, it constitutes an automotive panel.
- the shape of the top surface 12 of the resin structure 3 in plan view is preferably circular from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture.
- the top surface 12 is preferably arranged in a staggered manner.
- the planar view external shape of the cylinder 11 of the resin structure 3 in FIG. 6 is the same circle as the top surface 12.
- the distance between the axes of the cylinders is the same, so the anisotropy is small and high tension rigidity can be exhibited in any direction. .
- FIG. 6 shows that the top surface 12 is arranged in a staggered arrangement, the distance between the axes of the cylinders is the same, so the anisotropy is small and high tension rigidity can be exhibited in any direction. .
- the shape of the top surface 12 of the resin structure 3 in plan view may be a hexagon.
- the top surfaces 12 are arranged in a dense shape with a certain distance from each other.
- the planar view outline of the cylinder 11 of the resin structure shown in FIG. 7 is the same hexagon as the top surface 12.
- the distance between the axes of the cylinders is equal, so the anisotropy is small and high tension rigidity can be exhibited in any direction. .
- the metal plate 2 is unlikely to be bent by an external pressing force.
- the material of the resin structure 3 is a synthetic resin.
- the synthetic resin include a thermosetting resin (phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane, etc.) and a thermoplastic resin (general-purpose plastic, engineering plastic, super engineering plastic).
- general-purpose plastics include polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyurethane.
- engineering plastic include polycarbonate, polyamide, and polyester.
- super engineering plastics include PPS, PTFE, and PEEK.
- the sheet member 4 is a sheet-like member made of resin or paper, and is a flexible member that is relatively easily elastically deformed. As shown in FIG. 3, the sheet member 4 is joined to the other surface 13 b of the base portion 13 of the resin structure 3 without a gap.
- the thickness of the sheet member 4 is preferably 0.15 mm or more. If the thickness of the sheet member 4 is less than 0.15 mm, the cylindrical body 11 cannot be sufficiently restrained, and as a result, the stiffness becomes insufficient. Further, the thickness of the sheet member 4 is preferably 0.35 mm or less. If the thickness exceeds 0.35 mm, the sheet member 4 is difficult to be deformed, and there is a possibility that the resin structure 3 together with the sheet member 4 is difficult to be bonded to the metal plate 2 when an automobile panel is manufactured. Furthermore, the automobile panel 1 is easily exposed to heat because it is attached to the body of the automobile. Therefore, the sheet member 4 preferably has a heat resistant temperature of 80 ° C. or higher.
- the material of the sheet member 4 include the synthetic resin exemplified as the material of the resin structure 3 and paper such as cardboard. Furthermore, in addition to reinforcement, a resin may be infiltrated into paper in order to prevent deterioration due to water immersion or the like.
- the metal plate 2 and the resin structure 3, and the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 are respectively joined with an adhesive.
- the kind of adhesive agent is not specifically limited.
- the bonding method of each member is not limited to adhesion, and the resin structure 3 may be heat-sealed to the metal plate 2, or the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 may be heat-sealed to each other.
- the metal plate 2 and the sheet member 4 are maintained at the length in the direction of the central axis M of the cylinder 11 by the resin structure 3. Further, the sheet member 4 is bonded to the base portion 13 of the resin structure 3, and the top surface 12 at one end portion 11 a of the cylinder body 11 is bonded to the metal plate 2 without a gap, whereby the cylinder body 11 is seated. It is restrained by the member 4 and the metal plate 2, and becomes difficult to be deformed when receiving a load from the outside. As a result, the tension of the automotive panel 1 of the present embodiment is increased.
- the top surface 12 and the base portion 13 of the resin structure 3 are similarly formed on the metal plate 2 and the sheet member 4 in the curved surface portion 1b. Therefore, the tension rigidity of the metal plate 2 can be increased similarly to the flat portion 1a.
- an axis passing through the top surface 12 and the center of the opening 11 c and extending along the height direction of the cylindrical body 11 is defined as a central axis M.
- the relative angle between the direction of the central axis M and the normal direction H of the metal plate 2 at the joining position of the cylindrical body 11 is preferably within 5 °. That is, it is preferable that the central axis of the cylinder is not bent or inclined.
- the 3 shows a state where the relative angle between the central axis M direction and the normal direction H is 0 °.
- This is preferably the same for the curved surface portion 1b as well as the flat surface portion 1a.
- the three-dimensional shape of the cylindrical body 11 is not deformed, and the tension rigidity is increased at the location where the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 of the automotive panel 1 are provided.
- the tension rigidity of the portion where the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 are partially provided on the door panel 51 is increased.
- transformation of the cylinder 11 means the state which the relative angle of the central axis M direction and the normal line direction H of the metal plate 2 has shifted
- the cylindrical body 11 is buckled and the projected position of the top surface 12 when the top surface 12 of the resin structure 3 is viewed in plan is shifted from the position of the opening 11c, so that the tension rigidity can be improved. Disappear.
- the relationship between the tensile elastic modulus E (N / mm 2 ) and the thickness t (mm) satisfies the following formula (1).
- the tensile elasticity modulus in this embodiment is the inclination in the elastic region of the stress strain curve of the sheet member 4 obtained by implementing a uniaxial tensile test.
- the tensile modulus (E) is an incremental value of the tensile stress with respect to the strain applied to the material within the elastic limit, and the larger this value, the smaller the elastic deformation with respect to the load.
- E ⁇ t 3 obtained by multiplying the tensile elastic modulus (E) of the sheet member 4 by the cube of the plate thickness t is 4.0 or less, the restraining force of the sheet member 4 on the cylindrical body 11 becomes small, and the automobile panel 1 Tension rigidity is insufficient.
- the automotive panel 1 of the present embodiment uses the sheet member 4 having E ⁇ t 3 of less than 200, the effect of improving the rigidity of the tension is higher than when a metal plate is used as a reinforcing material for the resin structure as in the prior art. Although it is small, considering the size of the tension required for the automotive panel 1, if Ext 3 satisfies 4.0 and less than 200, the effect of improving the rigidity of the automotive panel will be sufficient. Become.
- the height h of the cylindrical body 11 When the height h of the cylindrical body 11 is less than or equal to the lower limit of the expression (2), the distance between the metal plate 2 and the sheet member 4 is small. Is lacking. Furthermore, the rigidity of the cylindrical body 11 is increased, and the resin structure 3 cannot be joined to the metal plate 2 having the curved surface portion 1b without a gap. Moreover, if the height h of the cylinder 11 becomes more than the upper limit of (2) type, the cylinder 11 will be easy to buckle and the rigidity of the panel 1 for motor vehicles will run short.
- the equivalent circle diameter r of the top surface 12 is less than or equal to the lower limit of the expression (3), the adhesion between the top surface 12 and the metal plate 2 becomes small, and the tension rigidity of the automotive panel 1 is insufficient. Furthermore, the rigidity of the top surface 12 is increased, and the resin structure 3 cannot be joined to the metal plate 2 having the curved surface portion 1b without a gap. If the equivalent circle diameter r of the top surface 12 is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the expression (3), the rigidity of the top surface 12 of the cylindrical body 11 is insufficient, and the tension rigidity of the automotive panel 1 is insufficient.
- the total area of the plurality of top surfaces 12 of the resin structure 3 is larger than the area of the base portion 13.
- the bonding area between the sheet member 4 and the resin structure 3 is relatively small. Since 4 and the resin structure 3 are bonded together at the time of manufacture of the panel 1 for motor vehicles, a suitable joining method can be selected freely and joining strength can be raised more. For this reason, there is no inconvenience due to a relatively small bonding area between the sheet member 4 and the resin structure 3.
- the manufacturing method of this embodiment consists of a 1st bonding process and a 2nd bonding process.
- each process is demonstrated with reference to drawings.
- the resin structure 3 is bonded to the sheet member 4.
- the sheet member 4 is spread on a flat table 21.
- an adhesive is applied to the other surface 13 b of the base portion 13 of the resin structure 3.
- the resin structure 3 is bonded onto the sheet member 4.
- the substrates are bonded together, they are completely brought into close contact so that no gap is formed between the base 13 and the sheet member 4.
- the other end portion 11 b of the cylindrical body 11 is closed by the sheet member 4.
- the method for bonding the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 is not particularly limited, and for example, a method of sandwiching and sequentially joining between two rolls, or a method of pressing with a mold may be used. Moreover, although the example using an adhesive agent was demonstrated in this description, you may join the resin structure 3 and the sheet
- the resin structure 3 bonded with the sheet member 4 is bonded to the metal plate 2 having the curved surface portion 1b.
- a metal plate 2 that has been previously formed into a predetermined shape by press working or the like is used.
- an adhesive is applied to the top surface 12 of the resin structure 3, and the shape of the metal plate 2 is formed as shown in FIG.
- the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 are deformed according to the above.
- the resin structure 3 is bonded to the metal plate 2 together with the sheet member 4.
- the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 are bonded together, whereby the other end portions 11b of the plurality of cylinders 11 of the resin structure 3 are restrained by the sheet member 4. At this time, the top surface 12, the base portion 13, and the sheet member 4 of the cylindrical body 11 remain flexible. For this reason, in the second bonding step, the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 can be deformed without difficulty according to the shape of the metal plate 2. For this reason, the resin structure 3 can be joined to the metal plate 2 together with the sheet member 4 without a gap.
- the order of bonding is important. Contrary to the present embodiment, when the metal plate 2 and the resin structure 3 are bonded together first and then the sheet member 4 is bonded to the resin structure 3, the sheet member 4 is attached to the curved surface portion 1b. The sheet structure 4 is bonded to the resin structure 3 while being deformed so as to be fitted together, so that large wrinkles are likely to occur in the sheet member 4, and it becomes difficult to join the sheet member 4 in close contact with the resin structure 3. As a result, an unjoined portion remains between the sheet member 4 and the resin structure 3, and it becomes difficult to improve the tension rigidity of the automotive panel 1. Therefore, in order to join the sheet member 4 to the resin structure 3 without a gap, it is necessary to perform bonding in the order described above.
- a suitable joining method can be freely selected, and the joining strength between the sheet member 4 and the resin structure 3 can be further increased. Therefore, even if the bonding area between the sheet member 4 and the resin structure 3 is relatively smaller than the bonding area between the metal plate 2 and the resin structure 3, no problem occurs.
- the curved surface portion 1b of the metal plate 2 is either convex or concave on the metal plate 2 side. become.
- the curved surface portion is concave, it is necessary to narrow the distance between the top surfaces 12 to each other.
- the automotive panel 1 of the present embodiment has a gap due to the base 13 between the cylinders 11, so that the base 13 and the sheet member 4 are deformed to change the height direction of the cylinders 11. Can be directed in different directions. Thereby, all of the top surfaces 12 of the plurality of cylinders 11 can be joined to the curved surface portion 1b of the metal plate 2 without a gap.
- an adhesive may be applied to the sheet member 4 bonded to the metal plate. In this case, the wrinkles of the sheet member 4 can be fixed. That is, wrinkles are hardened with an adhesive, and wrinkles are prevented from opening.
- the automotive panel 1 obtained by appropriately constructing the metal plate 2, the resin structure 3, and the sheet member 4 includes the metal at the center axis M direction of the cylinder 11 and the joining position of the cylinder 11.
- the relative angle with the normal direction H of the plate 2 is within 5 °.
- the top surface 12 of the resin structure 3 is.
- the interval between the cylindrical body 11 and the cylindrical body 11 may be appropriately adjusted according to the shape of the curved surface portion 1b of the metal plate 2.
- a resin structure is sandwiched between two metal plates.
- a curved surface portion is provided by bending such a conventional panel material, one of the metal plates is curved. The shape of the portion cannot be followed, and the resin structure and the metal plate are separated from each other, creating a gap, and the tension rigidity may be partially reduced.
- the cylindrical body or convex portion provided in the resin structure is buckled at the bent portion, and the central axis direction of the cylindrical body or convex portion and the normal direction of the metal plate at the joining position of the cylindrical body or convex portion.
- the relative angle may exceed 5 °.
- one of the two plates sandwiching the resin structure 3 is a sheet member 4 that satisfies the above formula (1). Even if the curved surface portion 1b is provided in whole or in part, the bonding surfaces of the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 can be bonded together without generating a gap, and the sheet member 4 is greatly wrinkled or broken. There is nothing. Furthermore, the relative angle between the central axis direction of the cylinder 11 and the normal direction H of the metal plate 2 can be within 5 ° at the location where the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 of the automotive panel 1 are provided. Accordingly, the tension rigidity of the entire automobile panel 1 can be reliably increased.
- the top surface 12 of the plurality of cylinders 11 of the resin structure 3 is joined without a gap along the shape of the curved surface portion 1b of the metal plate 2, and a sheet member 4 is joined to the base 13 of the resin structure 3 without a gap.
- the metal plate 2 and the sheet member 4 are separated by the length of the cylindrical body 11 in the central axis direction, and the cylindrical body 11 is disposed therebetween.
- the cylindrical body 11 is restrained by the metal plate 2 and the sheet member 4 and hardly deforms, and the cross-sectional shape becomes difficult to deform. As a result, the cylindrical body 11 is less likely to be deformed or buckled in the central axis direction.
- the tension rigidity of the automotive panel 1 is improved. Further, by joining the sheet member 4 in which the tensile elastic modulus and the plate thickness of the sheet member 4 satisfy the relationship of the above formula (1), the appearance quality of the automotive panel 1 having a complicated shape is not impaired. It is possible to improve the rigidity of the tension. Further, by configuring the sheet member 4 with resin or paper, the weight of the automobile panel 1 can be reduced as compared with the case where the sheet member 4 is configured with a metal plate.
- the shape of the top surface 12 of the cylindrical body 11 viewed from the direction of the central axis M is circular, and is arranged in a staggered manner. Are equal, the anisotropy is small, and high tensile rigidity can be exhibited in any direction.
- the shape of the top surface of the cylinder 11 viewed from the direction of the central axis M is a hexagon, and the top surface is densely arranged. The distance between the axes of the body 11 becomes equal, and high tension rigidity can be exhibited in any direction. Furthermore, since the gap between the cylinders 11 does not continue linearly, the metal plate 2 can be prevented from bending due to an external pressing force, and high tension rigidity can be exhibited.
- the bonding area between the metal plate 2 and the resin structure 3 can be increased, and the metal plate 2 and the resin structure 3 can be increased. Can be bonded more firmly, and the rigidity of the panel for automobiles can be increased.
- the bonding area between the sheet member 4 and the resin structure 3 is relatively small.
- the sheet member 4 and the resin structure 3 are preferably bonded together when the automobile panel 1 is manufactured. A suitable joining method can be freely selected, and the joining strength can be further increased. For this reason, there is no inconvenience due to the relatively small bonding area between the sheet member 4 and the resin structure 3.
- the relative angle between the central axis M direction of the cylinder 11 and the normal direction H of the metal plate 2 at the joining position of the cylinder 11 is 5 When the angle is within the range, most of the cylinders 11 are not deformed, so that the tension rigidity can be increased at the corresponding portion of the automotive panel 1.
- the cylindrical body 11 when the cylindrical body 11 becomes a sealed space, the cylindrical body 11 expands or contracts due to a change in atmospheric pressure or air temperature, so that there is a possibility that an adhesive portion adjacent to the sealed space is damaged. In order to avoid this, it is desirable that a small hole is formed in a portion of the sheet member 4 that is not in contact with the base portion 13 of the resin structure 3.
- the hole may be a size that allows air to enter and exit. On the other hand, if the size of the hole is large, the strength of the sheet member 4 is hindered.
- holes may be made in the sheet member 4 in advance, holes may be made after the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 are joined, or the metal plate 2 and the resin structure 3 are bonded.
- the sheet member 4 may be made of a breathable material instead of making a hole. Thereby, it can be applied not only to automobiles but also to airplanes.
- the resin structure 3 and the sheet member 4 are first bonded together, and then the resin structure 3 on which the sheet member 4 is bonded is attached to the metal plate 2. to paste together.
- the sheet member 4 can be joined to the resin structure 3 without causing large wrinkles or breakage.
- the cylindrical body 11 is restrained by the metal plate 2 and the sheet member 4 being joined to both sides in the height direction, and is difficult to be deformed. Thereby, the automotive panel 1 excellent in tension rigidity can be manufactured.
- the sheet member 4 is brought into close contact with the base portion 13 of the resin structure 3, and then a plurality of tops in the resin structure 3 are placed.
- the entire surface 12 can be brought into close contact with the metal plate 2.
- seat member 4 can be joined and the panel 1 for motor vehicles excellent by tension rigidity can be manufactured.
- the base portion 13 of the resin structure 3 is bonded to the sheet member 4.
- the base 13 can be bonded to the sheet member 4 without a gap.
- a sheet member made of resin or paper has a plurality of cylinders having the same length in the central axis direction, and one of each of the cylinders
- the top surface of the composite structure in which the entire top surface of the resin structure including the top surface that covers the end portion and the base portion that connects the other end portions of the cylinders is closely bonded A step of disposing the metal plate opposite to a metal plate having a curved surface portion; and a bonding step of bonding the composite structure to the metal plate so that the entire top surface is in close contact with the metal plate.
- the edge of the panel originally has high tension rigidity, it is preferable from the viewpoint of weight reduction that the composite structure is bonded to a portion separated from the edge of the panel by 50 mm or more inward.
- Example 1 A sheet having a thickness t of 0.1 to 0.8 mm and a tensile elastic modulus E of 200 to 4000 MPa is added to the resin structure having the above-described structure in which the diameter of the cylinder and the top surface is 5 mm and the height of the cylinder is 5 mm.
- the member was affixed via an adhesive.
- a steel plate having a tensile strength of 270 MPa and a thickness of 0.4 mm is prepared as a metal plate, and the steel plate is press-formed and formed into a shape having a curved surface portion whose cross-sectional shape is an arc shape when viewed along the uniaxial direction. did.
- FIG. 12 shows formulas (1-1) and (1-2) which are relational expressions between the tensile modulus E of the sheet member and the plate thickness t.
- the tension stiffness was evaluated as follows.
- the indentation amount of the test piece was evaluated when an indenter whose tip shape was a sphere having a radius of curvature of 25 mm was pressed against the bulging side surface of each sheet member with a force of 100 N.
- a steel plate having a tensile strength of 270 MPa and a thickness of 0.7 mm is prepared as a metal plate, and the steel plate is formed into a shape similar to that of each sheet member. The amount of depression when the was pressed was measured.
- the dent amount of the steel sheet after forming is set as a reference value, a sheet member that shows a dent amount equal to or less than the reference value is accepted (Good), and a sheet member that shows a dent amount exceeding the reference value is rejected ( NG (No Good).
- Good a sheet member that shows a dent amount equal to or less than the reference value
- NG No Good.
- the above-described evaluation method is a method that can accurately evaluate the superiority or inferiority of the tension of the automotive panel that is curved in the first direction and the second direction orthogonal to the first direction.
- a thickness t of 0.2 mm is added to the resin structure having the above structure in which the diameter of the cylinder and the top surface is 1.6 to 10.8 mm and the height of the cylinder is 1.6 to 10.8 mm.
- a sheet member having a tensile elastic modulus E of 1000 MPa was attached via an adhesive.
- a steel plate having a tensile strength of 270 MPa and a thickness of 0.4 mm was prepared as a metal plate, and this steel plate was press-molded into a shape having a curved portion as shown in FIG. And the resin structure was bonded together with the sheet member to the steel plate after press molding via the adhesive agent, and the panel for motor vehicles was manufactured.
- FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the equivalent circle diameter of the top surface of the cylinder of the resin structure and the thickness of the sheet member, and the ratio of the height of the cylinder of the resin structure and the thickness of the sheet member. .
- desired performance was obtained when the above equations (2) and (3) were satisfied.
- the height h of the cylinder is 5 t or less, the distance between the metal plate and the sheet member is reduced, the secondary moment of the section of the automobile panel is reduced, and the tension rigidity of the automobile panel is insufficient.
- the height h of the cylindrical body was 50 t or more, the cylindrical body was easily buckled, and the tension rigidity of the automobile panel was insufficient.
- the ratio (h / r) between the height h of the cylinder and the equivalent circle diameter r is 0.2 or less, the secondary moment of the section of the automobile panel is insufficient, or the metal plate and the sheet member are restrained. The wall surface of the cylinder became rough, and the tension of the automobile panel was insufficient. Further, when the ratio (h / r) was 5 or more, the cylindrical body was easily buckled, and the tension rigidity of the automotive panel 1 was insufficient.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2016年12月27日に、日本に出願された特願2016-252351号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
また、特許文献2には、第1、第2の金属板の間に樹脂構造体を挟んで接着剤で貼り合わせることで、剛性を向上させた複合構造板が記載されている。特許文献2の複合構造板では、筒状の立状体が各金属板に挟まれて密閉区間を形成しており、密閉空間の空気圧が1気圧を超えている。
このように、特許文献1、2では、2枚の金属板の間に樹脂構造体を挟むことで、軽量かつ剛性に優れた複合構造板が記載されている。これら複合構造板は軽量かつ張り剛性に優れた自動車用パネルとして使用できると記載されている。
また、特許文献3には、金属製のパネルの自動車内部側表面に一体化して設けられた樹脂製のリブによって、パネルの張り剛性を向上させた、積層構造パネルが記載されている。
[1]本発明の第一の態様は、曲面部を有する金属板と、中心軸方向の長さが同じである複数の筒体、前記筒体のそれぞれの一方の端部を蓋する頂面、および前記筒体のそれぞれの他方の端部同士をつなぐ基部を備え、前記頂面が前記金属板の曲面部に密着して接合された樹脂構造体と、前記樹脂構造体の前記基部に接合された樹脂または紙からなるシート部材と、を備え、前記シート部材の引張弾性率E(N/mm2)と厚みt(mm)との関係が下記(1)式を満たす、外装パネルである。
4.0(N・mm)<E×t3<200(N・mm) … (1)式
[2]上記[1]に記載の外装パネルでは、前記筒体の中心軸方向の長さh(mm)、前記頂面の円相当径r(mm)、および前記シート部材の厚みt(mm)との関係が、下記(2)式~(4)式を満たしてもよい。
5t<h<50t … (2)式
5t<r<50t … (3)式
0.2<h/r<5 … (4)式
[3]上記[1]又は[2]に記載の外装パネルでは、前記頂面は、前記筒体の前記中心軸方向から見た形状が円形であり、かつ千鳥配置されていてもよい。
[4]上記[1]又は[2]に記載の外装パネルでは、前記頂面は、前記筒体の前記中心軸方向から見た形状が六角形であり、かつ相互に一定の間隔をあけた稠密状に配置されていてもよい。
[5]上記[1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の外装パネルでは、前記複数の頂面の面積の総和は、前記基部の面積よりも大きくてもよい。
[6]上記[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の外装パネルでは、前記曲面部は、前記金属板の板面上の第1の方向に沿う断面と、前記第1の方向と直交する第2の方向に沿う断面との両方が湾曲した部分であってもよい。
[7]上記[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の外装パネルでは、前記金属板の樹脂構造体とシート部材を設けた箇所において、前記筒体の前記中心軸方向と、この前記筒体の接合位置における前記金属板の法線方向との相対角度が、5°以内であってもよい。
[8]上記[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載の外装パネルでは、前記シート部材における前記樹脂構造体の前記基部に接触していない箇所に孔が形成されていてもよい。
[9]上記[1]~[8]のいずれか一項に記載の外装パネルは、自動車用パネルであってもよい。
[10]本発明の第二の態様は、上記[1]~[9]のいずれか一項に記載の外装パネルの製造方法であって、樹脂または紙からなるシート部材に、中心軸方向の長さが同じである複数の筒体、前記筒体のそれぞれの一方の端部を蓋する頂面、および前記筒体のそれぞれの他方の端部同士をつなぐ基部を備えた樹脂構造体の前記基部の全面を密着させて貼り合わせる第一貼合せ工程と、曲面部を有する金属板に、前記シート部材を貼り合わせた前記樹脂構造体の前記頂面の全面を密着させて貼り合わせる第二貼合せ工程と、を備える。
[11]上記[10]に記載の外装パネルの製造方法では、前記第一貼合せ工程において、平面上に前記シート部材を敷いてから、前記シート部材に前記樹脂構造体の基部を貼り合わせてもよい。
[12]上記[10]又は[11]に記載の外装パネルの製造方法では、前記金属板に貼り合わされた前記シート部材に接着剤を塗ってもよい。
[13]上記[10]~[12]のいずれか一項に記載の外装パネルの製造方法では、前記シート部材における前記樹脂構造体の前記基部に接触していない箇所に孔を形成してもよい。
[14]本発明の第三の態様は、上記[1]~[9]のいずれか一項に記載の外装パネルの製造方法であって、樹脂または紙からなるシート部材に、中心軸方向の長さが同じである複数の筒体、前記筒体のそれぞれの一方の端部を蓋する頂面、および前記筒体のそれぞれの他方の端部同士をつなぐ基部を備えた樹脂構造体の前記基部の全面が密着して貼り合わせられた複合構造体の前記頂面を曲面部を有する金属板に対向して配置する工程と、前記複合構造体を、前記金属板に、前記頂面の全面が前記金属板に密着して貼り合わせる貼合せ工程と、を備える。
[15]上記[14]に記載の外装パネルの製造方法では、前記金属板に貼り合わされた前記シート部材に接着剤を塗ってもよい。
[16]上記[14]又は[15]に記載の外装パネルの製造方法では、前記シート部材における前記樹脂構造体の前記基部に接触していない箇所に孔を形成してもよい。
更に、本発明者らは、E×t3が所定の範囲を満足するシート部材を用いることにより、外装パネルの外観を損なうことなく、確実に張り剛性を向上できることを見出している。すなわち、シート部材の引張弾性率と板厚とが上記(1)式の関係を満足するシート部材を樹脂構造体に接合することで、外装パネルの張り剛性を高めることができる。
更に、シート部材を樹脂または紙で構成することで、金属板を用いた場合に比べて外装パネルの軽量化を図ることができる。
以上が、本発明の基本的な外装パネル構成と効果である。
樹脂構造体の中心軸方向の長さ(h)、頂面の円相当径(r)、およびシート部材の厚み(t)の関係が(2)式~(4)式を満たすようにした場合、より張り剛性に優れた外装パネルとすることができる。尚、円相当径とは頂面の外接円の直径を意味する。
また、本発明の外装パネルにおいては、筒体の頂面を六角形とし、かつ、稠密状に配置(densely packed arrangement)した場合、各筒体の間にある隙間が直線的に連続することがないため、外部からの押圧力によって金属板が折れ曲がりにくくなり、高い張り剛性を発揮することができる。
なお、金属パネルには、曲面部のほかに、平面部があってもよい。
以上が、本発明の外装パネルとその効果である。
以上が、本発明の基本的な外装パネルの製造方法とその効果である。
また、シート部材として紙等のしわや破れが発生しやすい素材を用いる場合、金属板に貼り合わされたシート部材に接着剤を塗ってもよい。これにより、シート部材の補強やしわを固着させることが可能となる。
図6に示すように、頂面12を千鳥配置に配置した場合、各筒体の軸間の距離が等しいので、異方性が小さく、いずれの方向においても高い張り剛性を発揮することができる。
別の例として、図7に示すように、樹脂構造体3の頂面12の平面視形状(中心軸M方向から見た形状)は六角形であってもよい。この場合の頂面12は、相互に一定の間隔をあけた稠密状に配置されることが好ましい。なお、図7に示す樹脂構造体の筒体11の平面視外形は、頂面12と同じ六角形になっている。
図7に示すように、頂面12を稠密状に配置した場合、各筒体の軸間の距離が等しいので、異方性が小さく、いずれの方向においても高い張り剛性を発揮することができる。更に、筒体11同士の間の隙間が直線的に連続することがないため、外部からの押圧力によって金属板2が折れ曲がりにくくなる。
また、各部材の接合方法は接着に限らず、樹脂構造体3を金属板2に熱融着させてもよく、樹脂構造体3およびシート部材4を相互に熱融着させてもよい。
例えば図4の例ではドアパネル51に部分的に樹脂構造体3及びシート部材4を設けた箇所の張り剛性が高められる。なお、筒体11の変形とは、中心軸M方向と、金属板2の法線方向Hとの相対角度が、5°を超えてずれている状態をいう。この場合、筒体11が座屈変形して、樹脂構造体3の頂面12を平面視したときの頂面12の投影位置が、開口部11cの位置からずれてしまい、張り剛性が向上できなくなる。
本実施形態に係る自動車用パネル1のシート部材4は、その引張弾性率E(N/mm2)と厚みt(mm)との関係が下記(1)式を満たしている。なお、本実施形態における引張弾性率は、単軸引張試験を実施して得られるシート部材4の応力ひずみ曲線の弾性域における傾きである。
5t<r<50t … (3)式
0.2<h/r<5 … (4)式
第一貼り合わせ工程では、樹脂構造体3をシート部材4に貼り合わせる。まず、図8に示すように、シート部材4を平坦な台21の上に広げる。次に、樹脂構造体3の基部13の他面13bに接着剤を塗布する。そして、図9に示すように、シート部材4の上に樹脂構造体3を貼り合わせる。貼り合わせる際には、基部13とシート部材4との間に隙間が生じないように完全に密着させる。樹脂構造体3の基部13をシート部材4に接合することによって、筒体11の他方の端部11bがシート部材4によって塞がれる。なお、樹脂構造体3とシート部材4を貼り合わせる方法は特に制限はなく、例えば、2本のロールによって挟み逐次的に接合する方法や、金型によって加圧する方法を用いてもよい。また、この説明では接着剤を用いる例を説明したが、本発明では接着剤に限らず、樹脂構造体3とシート部材4を熱融着で接合してもよい。
第二貼り合わせ工程では、シート部材4を貼り合わせた樹脂構造体3を、曲面部1bを有する金属板2に貼り合わせる。金属板2は、プレス加工等により予め所定の形状に成形したものを用いる。シート部材4を貼り合わせた樹脂構造体3を金属板2に貼り合わせる際には、樹脂構造体3の頂面12には接着剤を塗布し、図10に示すように、金属板2の形状に合わせて樹脂構造体3およびシート部材4を変形させる。次に、図11に示すように、シート部材4とともに樹脂構造体3を金属板2に貼り合わせる。貼り合わせる際には、全ての頂面12と金属板2との間に隙間が生じないように完全に密着させる。これにより、頂面12と金属板とは面で接触して接合されるため、接合が剥離することを抑制することが可能となる。なお、本工程においては、必ずしも、樹脂構造体3を変形させた後に金属板2に接合する必要はなく、金属板2の形状に合わせて樹脂構造体3を変形させながら金属板2に貼り合わせてもよい。また、この説明では接着剤を用いる例を説明したが、本発明では接着剤に限らず、樹脂構造体3の頂面12と金属板2とを熱融着で接合してもよい。第二張り合わせ工程の結果、シート部材4に小さなしわが発生することもあるが、大きなしわがパネルを横切らない限り特に問題にならない。
このような曲面部1bに対して樹脂構造体3の複数の頂面12の全部を隙間なく密着させるためには、曲面部1bが凸面の場合には頂面12同士の間隔を相互に広げる必要があり、曲面部が凹面の場合には頂面12同士の間隔を相互に狭める必要がある。言い換えると、樹脂構造体3を金属板2の曲面部に沿わせて接合するためには、各筒体11の高さ方向を相互に異なる方向に向ける必要がある。このような要求に対して本実施形態の自動車用パネル1は、各筒体11の間に基部13による隙間を有するので、基部13およびシート部材4を変形させて各筒体11の高さ方向を相互に異なる方向に向けることができる。これにより、複数の筒体11の頂面12の全部を金属板2の曲面部1bに隙間なく接合可能になる。
尚、金属板に貼り合わされたシート部材4に対し、接着剤を塗布してもよい。この場合、シート部材4のしわを固着することができる。すなわち、しわが接着剤で固められ、しわが開くことが抑制される。
更に、シート部材4の引張弾性率と板厚とが上記(1)式の関係を満足するシート部材4を接合することで、複雑な形状を有した自動車用パネル1の外観品質を損なうことなく、確実に張り剛性を向上できる。
更に、シート部材4を樹脂または紙で構成することで、シート部材4を金属製の板で構成した場合に比べて自動車用パネル1の軽量化を図ることができる。
また、本実施形態の自動車用パネル1においては、筒体11の頂面を中心軸M方向から見た形状が六角形であり、かつ、頂面が稠密状に配置されているので、各筒体11の軸間の距離が等しくなり、いずれの方向においても高い張り剛性を発揮することができる。更に、筒体11同士の間の隙間が直線的に連続することがないため、外部からの押圧力による金属板2の折れ曲がりを防止でき、高い張り剛性を発揮できる。
孔は、空気が出入りできるサイズであればよい。一方、孔のサイズが大きいとシート部材4の強度に支障をきたす。孔のあけ方は、あらかじめシート部材4に孔をあけていてもよいし、樹脂構造体3とシート部材4を接合した後に孔をあけてもよいし、金属板2と樹脂構造体3とを接合した後で孔をあけてもよい。金属板2と樹脂構造体3とを接合した後にシート部材4に接着剤を塗る場合は、接着剤により孔が塞がれないように、接着剤を塗ったあとに孔をあけることが望ましい。
尚、孔をあける代わりにシート部材4を通気性のある材質にしてもよい。これにより、自動車のみならず、航空機にも適用できる。
また、上記した順序で金属板2、樹脂構造体3およびシート部材4を接合することで、シート部材4を樹脂構造体3の基部13に密着させてから、樹脂構造体3にある複数の頂面12の全部を金属板2に密着させることができる。これにより、金属板2の曲面部1bにおいて、金属板2と頂面12との間、基部13とシート部材4との間にそれぞれ隙間を生じさせることがなく、金属板2、樹脂構造体3およびシート部材4を接合させることができ、張り剛性により優れた自動車用パネル1を製造できる。
また、本発明の自動車用パネル1の製造方法では、平坦な台21上にシート部材4を敷いてから、樹脂構造体3の基部13をシート部材4に貼り合わせることで、樹脂構造体3の基部13をシート部材4に隙間なく貼り合わせることができる。
この製造方法によっても、上述の製造方法と同様の効果が得られる。
尚、パネルの縁はもともと張剛性が高いため、複合構造体はパネルの縁から内方に向けて50mm以上離れた部位に貼り合わせることが軽量化の観点から好ましい。
次に、本発明の実施例について説明する。
筒体および頂面の直径を5mm、筒体の高さを5mmとした上述の構造の樹脂構造体に、厚さtが0.1~0.8mm、引張弾性率Eが200~4000MPaのシート部材を、接着剤を介して貼り付けた。更に、金属板として引張強度270MPa、厚み0.4mmの鋼板を用意し、この鋼板をプレス成形して、一軸方向に沿って見たときに断面形状が円弧状となる曲面部を有する形状に成形した。そして、シート部材とともに樹脂構造体をプレス成形後の鋼板の膨出側の面とは反対側の面に接着剤を介して貼り合わせて、自動車用パネルを製造した。得られた自動車用パネルについて張り剛性を評価した。結果を図12に示す。図12には、シート部材の引張弾性率Eと板厚tとの関係式である(1-1)式および(1-2)式を示している。
E=200/t3 … (1-2)式
また、金属板として引張強度270MPa、厚み0.7mmの鋼板を用意し、この鋼板を各シート部材と同様な形状に成形し、各シート部材の場合と同様に、成形後の鋼板に対して圧子を押し当てたときの凹み量を測定した。この成形後の鋼板の凹み量を基準値とし、基準値と同等かそれ以下の凹み量を示したシート部材を合格(Good)とし、基準値を超える凹み量を示したシート部材を不合格(NG(No Good)とした。
不合格になったシート部材については、圧子を押し当てた部分の樹脂構造体の変形状況を調べた。
なお、上述の評価方法は、第1の方向と、第1の方向に直交する第2の方向とにそれぞれ湾曲されてなる自動車用パネルの張り剛性の優劣を精度よく評価可能な方法である。
次に、筒体および頂面の直径を1.6~10.8mm、筒体の高さを1.6~10.8mmとした上述の構造の樹脂構造体に、厚さtが0.2mm、引張弾性率Eが1000MPaのシート部材を、接着剤を介して貼り付けた。更に、金属板として引張強度270MPa、厚み0.4mmの鋼板を用意し、この鋼板をプレス成形して図1に示すような曲面部を有する形状に成形した。そして、シート部材とともに樹脂構造体をプレス成形後の鋼板に接着剤を介して貼り合わせて、自動車用パネルを製造した。得られた自動車用パネルについて実験例1と同様にして張り剛性を評価した。結果を図13に示す。図13には、樹脂構造体の筒体の頂面の円相当径およびシート部材の板厚の比と、樹脂構造体の筒体の高さおよびシート部材の板厚の比との関係を示す。
一方で、筒体の高さhが5t以下になると、金属板とシート部材の距離が小さくなり、自動車用パネルの断面2次モーメントが小さくなり、自動車用パネルの張り剛性が不足した。また、筒体の高さhが50t以上になると、筒体が座屈しやすくなり、自動車用パネルの張り剛性が不足した。
1b 曲面部
2 金属板
3 樹脂構造体
4 シート部材
11 筒体
12 頂面
13 基部
H 法線方向
M 中心軸
Claims (16)
- 曲面部を有する金属板と、
中心軸方向の長さが同じである複数の筒体、前記筒体のそれぞれの一方の端部を蓋する頂面、および前記筒体のそれぞれの他方の端部同士をつなぐ基部を備え、前記頂面が前記金属板の曲面部に密着して接合された樹脂構造体と、
前記樹脂構造体の前記基部に接合された樹脂または紙からなるシート部材と、を備え、
前記シート部材の引張弾性率E(N/mm2)と厚みt(mm)との関係が下記(1)式を満たす、外装パネル。
4.0(N・mm)<E×t3<200(N・mm) … (1)式 - 前記筒体の中心軸方向の長さh(mm)、前記頂面の円相当径r(mm)、および前記シート部材の厚みt(mm)との関係が、下記(2)式~(4)式を満たす、請求項1に記載の外装パネル。
5t<h<50t … (2)式
5t<r<50t … (3)式
0.2<h/r<5 … (4)式 - 前記頂面は、前記筒体の前記中心軸方向から見た形状が円形であり、かつ千鳥配置されている請求項1または請求項2に記載の外装パネル。
- 前記頂面は、前記筒体の前記中心軸方向から見た形状が六角形であり、かつ相互に一定の間隔をあけた稠密状に配置されている請求項1または請求項2に記載の外装パネル。
- 前記複数の頂面の面積の総和は、前記基部の面積よりも大きい請求項1乃至請求項4の何れか一項に記載の外装パネル。
- 前記曲面部は、前記金属板の板面上の第1の方向に沿う断面と、前記第1の方向と直交する第2の方向に沿う断面との両方が湾曲した部分である請求項1乃至請求項5の何れか一項に記載の外装パネル。
- 前記金属板の樹脂構造体とシート部材を設けた箇所において、前記筒体の前記中心軸方向と、この前記筒体の接合位置における前記金属板の法線方向との相対角度が、5°以内である請求項1乃至請求項6の何れか一項に記載の外装パネル。
- 前記シート部材における前記樹脂構造体の前記基部に接触していない箇所に孔が形成されている請求項1乃至請求項7の何れか一項に記載の外装パネル。
- 外装パネルが自動車用パネルである請求項1~8の何れか一項に記載の外装パネル。
- 樹脂または紙からなるシート部材に、中心軸方向の長さが同じである複数の筒体、前記筒体のそれぞれの一方の端部を蓋する頂面、および前記筒体のそれぞれの他方の端部同士をつなぐ基部を備えた樹脂構造体の前記基部の全面を密着させて貼り合わせる第一貼合せ工程と、
曲面部を有する金属板に、前記シート部材を貼り合わせた前記樹脂構造体の前記頂面の全面を密着させて貼り合わせる第二貼合せ工程と、を備える請求項1乃至請求項9の何れか一項に記載の外装パネルの製造方法。 - 前記第一貼合せ工程において、平面上に前記シート部材を敷いてから、前記シート部材に前記樹脂構造体の基部を貼り合わせる請求項10に記載の外装パネルの製造方法。
- 前記金属板に貼り合わされた前記シート部材に接着剤を塗る請求項10又は11に記載の外装パネルの製造方法。
- 前記シート部材における前記樹脂構造体の前記基部に接触していない箇所に孔を形成する請求項10乃至請求項12の何れか一項に記載の外装パネルの製造方法。
- 樹脂または紙からなるシート部材に、中心軸方向の長さが同じである複数の筒体、前記筒体のそれぞれの一方の端部を蓋する頂面、および前記筒体のそれぞれの他方の端部同士をつなぐ基部を備えた樹脂構造体の前記基部の全面が密着して貼り合わせられた複合構造体の前記頂面を曲面部を有する金属板に対向して配置する工程と、
前記複合構造体を、前記金属板に、前記頂面の全面が前記金属板に密着して貼り合わせる貼合せ工程と、
を備える請求項1乃至請求項9の何れか一項に記載の外装パネルの製造方法。 - 前記金属板に貼り合わされた前記シート部材に接着剤を塗る請求項14に記載の外装パネルの製造方法。
- 前記シート部材における前記樹脂構造体の前記基部に接触していない箇所に孔を形成する請求項14又は15に記載の外装パネルの製造方法。
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Also Published As
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JPWO2018123560A1 (ja) | 2018-12-27 |
EP3564025A4 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
BR112019011316A2 (pt) | 2019-10-15 |
CN110114208A (zh) | 2019-08-09 |
US20190337259A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 |
RU2709644C1 (ru) | 2019-12-19 |
CA3047222A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
EP3564025B1 (en) | 2020-10-14 |
JP6390821B1 (ja) | 2018-09-19 |
KR20190076055A (ko) | 2019-07-01 |
US10556397B2 (en) | 2020-02-11 |
EP3564025A1 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
KR102049836B1 (ko) | 2019-11-28 |
MX2019007518A (es) | 2019-09-02 |
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