WO2018076527A1 - 一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置 - Google Patents

一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076527A1
WO2018076527A1 PCT/CN2016/112617 CN2016112617W WO2018076527A1 WO 2018076527 A1 WO2018076527 A1 WO 2018076527A1 CN 2016112617 W CN2016112617 W CN 2016112617W WO 2018076527 A1 WO2018076527 A1 WO 2018076527A1
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Prior art keywords
car
shuttle
board
motor
parking
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PCT/CN2016/112617
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程峰
吉卫喜
周楷文
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江南大学
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Application filed by 江南大学 filed Critical 江南大学
Priority to US15/747,152 priority Critical patent/US10612260B2/en
Publication of WO2018076527A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076527A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/185—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions using comb-type transfer means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/22—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of movable platforms for horizontal transport, i.e. cars being permanently parked on palettes

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of stereo parking garages, and in particular relates to a smart car moving storage device based on single chip control.
  • the steel structure of the three-dimensional garage plays the role of bearing the load of the vehicle, the load transmitted by the mechanism, and the impact load caused by the speed.
  • domestic research on stereo parking garages focuses on the design of institutional components and automation, focusing on improving garage floor area ratio and automation, and reducing costs.
  • most of the loading plates are material-saving, and the weight of the mechanism is reduced, and the simple four plates directly carry the wheels.
  • the transmission mechanism is a parking device that uses a wire rope or a chain to drive the vehicle board to move up or down to access the vehicle.
  • the structure is simple and easy to construct, but the spacing between the chains or the wire ropes designed by some manufacturers is not in the actual design and construction process.
  • the three-dimensional parking equipment When parking or picking up the vehicle, the three-dimensional parking equipment needs to traverse one parking space.
  • the motor In order to achieve the purpose of traversing the parking space, the motor is usually carried on the traversing vehicle, and the motor moves on the guide rail with the loading plate. During the movement of the load plate, the motor cable needs to be suspended to slide with the motor.
  • the up and down movement of the parking space may interfere with the cable, and at the same time, interference may occur when the vehicle is crossed and moved, causing cable leakage and causing electric leakage accident, and there is a certain safety hazard.
  • the invention overcomes the above drawbacks, and proposes a smart car moving storage device based on single-chip computer control, which is composed of a loading board, a shuttle car, a storage board and a three-dimensional frame, wherein the shuttle car is located on the storage board and stores the vehicle.
  • the board is located in the structure of the house, and the loading board is located outside the structure of the house, and the lateral movement of the vehicle is realized by the shuttle between the storage board and the loading board.
  • the shuttle is located on the storage board. Under the lift motor and the screw drive, the front and rear wheels of the car can be lifted at the same time to lift the car. Under the driving of the traveling motor, the shuttle shuttles between the storage board and the loading board to realize the lateral movement of the car, and completes the process of entering and leaving the car in the three-dimensional parking garage.
  • the shuttle is activated in response to a logic signal from the microcontroller control system.
  • the lifting motor and the speed reducer are started first, and the output power is driven to increase and decrease after the torque is changed.
  • the running motor starts, and the shuttle is traversed after the torque conversion.
  • the MCU control system issues a command to brake the shuttle.
  • the lift motor and the reducer drive the lift plate again for lifting.
  • the travel motor drives the shuttle to traverse back to the initial position.
  • Car storage refers to: the process of the shuttle car driving the car, moving from the car board to the memory board of the room; the car out of the store means: the shuttle car drives the car, moving from the room memory board to the outboard process of the car board.
  • the main advantages of the device of the invention are as follows: 1. The safety of the vehicle placement stability is high; 2. The power transmission is stable and reliable, and the pick-and-place vehicle is fast and convenient; 3. Compared with the simple chain drive, the noise is smaller.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a car transfer device.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the shuttle: (a) a front view; (b) a top view.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the shuttle motion.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a photoelectric switch reading code block: (a) a schematic view; (b) a front view.
  • Figure 5 is a shuttle control flow chart.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram of the shuttle control circuit.
  • the car transfer device is composed of a carrier plate 1, a three-dimensional frame 2, a shuttle 3 and a storage plate 4 structure, and the loading plate 1 is provided with a comb-shaped groove structure, which is convenient for the moving frame.
  • the surface of the loading board 1 is designed to prevent slipping of the vehicle, and the possibility of the vehicle rolling is reduced;
  • the surrounding of the loading board is a three-dimensional frame 2 structure, and the function is to maintain the balance of the loading board and reduce the
  • the sloshing amplitude of the running process avoids vibration caused by the shaking of the loading plate and increases the mechanical noise during the operation of the system.
  • the shuttle moves between the storage board 4 and the loading board 1 to complete the access of the vehicle.
  • the three-dimensional frame 2 cooperates with the three-dimensional garage lifting system to drive the loading plate 1 to follow the three-dimensional garage for lifting movement.
  • the shuttle 3 is mainly composed of a traveling motor 5, a lead screw 6, a lifting plate 7, a support rod 8, a pull rod transmission mechanism 9, a roller 10, a guide wheel 11, a lift motor and a speed reducer 12.
  • the output shaft gear 13, the guide wheel 14, the rack 15 and the like are composed of a mechanism.
  • the lifting motor and the speed reducer 12 are placed in the shuttle car, and the output shaft of the lifting motor and the speed reducer 12 is connected to the screw rod 6 through the coupling, and the screw rod 6 and the rod driving mechanism 9 are connected by the threaded auxiliary transmission structure, and the rod driving
  • the mechanism 9 is hinged to the lift plate 7, which is in turn hinged to one end of the support rod 8, and the other end of the support rod 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shuttle 3.
  • the rack 15 is mounted on the side of the storage plate 4, and the rack 15 is fixed relative to the ground.
  • the bottom of the shuttle 3 is equipped with a guide wheel 11 and a roller 10 to ensure the direction and stability of the shuttle, reduce the friction between the shuttle and the carrier plate 1 and the storage plate 4, thereby reducing the wear of the mechanism and reducing the wear. The generation of noise.
  • the function of the entire mechanism is to complete the movement process of the vehicle on the storage board 4 and the loading board 1 and the lifting movement process of the lifting board 7.
  • the lifting process of the lifting plate is: when the lifting motor and the speed reducer 12 work, the screw 6 rotates, and the pulling rod transmission mechanism 9 and the lifting plate 7 are moved, so that the supporting rod 8 below the lifting plate 7 rotates around the fulcrum. in order to fulfill Lifting the lifting plate 7 up.
  • the lateral movement of the shuttle 3 is such that the output shaft gear 13 is rotated by the travel motor 5, and the lateral movement of the shuttle 3 is driven by the meshing movement of the output shaft gear 13 and the rack 15.
  • the main control system is separated from the vehicle traverse execution system, that is, the main control system controls the access vehicle and other related parts, and each layer is stored.
  • the execution system of the frame controls the removal of the vehicle.
  • the cycle frame does not allow movement when the shuttle is moving the vehicle. Therefore, when the vehicle traverses the execution system, the stopper 16 is not inducted by the photoelectric switch 18, and the photoelectric switch 18 feeds back its working state to the main control system. At this time, the circulating storage frame does not need to be rotated, and it needs to be stuck.
  • FIG. 5 it is a shuttle control flow chart for moving in/out of the shuttle.
  • the system control circuit is executed, wherein (1) the input/removal signal line of the main control circuit and the working state indication line; (2) the shuttle motor controller; (3) the lift motor controller Two photoelectric switches are used to determine the start/end point of the shuttle's driving position; the other two are used to determine the start/end point of the lift plate lift, the two diodes (D7, D8) and the components of the triode
  • the MCU is turned on/off, the MCU is turned on when the main control circuit issues a store/fetch command, and the MCU is turned off when there is no signal.

Abstract

一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置，包括载车板（1）、立体框架（2）、梭车（3）以及存车板（4）。存车板（4）设置在建筑结构内，载车板（1）位于建筑结构外，梭车（3）位于存车板（4）上。梭车（3）包括行驶电机（5）、丝杆（6）、抬车板（7）、支撑杆（8）、拉杆传动机构（9）、滚轮（10）、导向轮（11）、抬车电机及减速器（12）、输出轴齿轮（13）、导向轮（14）、齿条（15）。抬车电机驱动丝杆（6）旋转，带动拉杆传动机构（9）及抬车板（7）运动，使得抬车板（7）下方的支撑杆（8）绕支点旋转，从而实现抬车板（7）抬升轿车。行驶电机（5）驱动输出轴齿轮（13）旋转，通过输出轴齿轮（13）和齿条（15）的啮合运动，驱动梭车（3）的横向移动。该装置通过梭车（3）在存车板（4）与载车板（1）之间的穿梭来实现轿车的横向移动，实现立体停车库中车辆的入库和出库两个过程。

Description

一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置 技术领域
本发明属于立体停车库技术领域，具体来说涉及一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置。
背景技术
随着经济的高速发展，都市汽车数量剧增，而人类的生产生活方式趋于集中，城市公共服务的发展跟不上形势的发展，公共停车场受制于公共用地的供应紧张，“停车难”的问题越发严重。伴随着利用空间的理念建立立体车库的设计构想的提出，市场上涌现了种类众多、设计各异的立体车库。目前市场上现有的立体车库从技术结构方面主要可分为以下几种：升降横移式、巷道堆垛式、垂直循环式和圆柱塔式等。
技术问题
其中立体车库的钢结构载车板起着承受停放车辆荷载、机构所传递荷载，速度引起的冲击载荷等作用的任务。国内对于立体停车库的研究主要集中在机构部件设计和自动化控制方面，着力于提高车库容积率和自动化程度，降低成本等方面。对于现有的立体车库，其载车板大多为节约材料，减轻机构负重采用简单的4块板直接承载车轮。传动机构是采用钢丝绳或链条驱动使载车板升降或横移来存取车辆的停车设备，构造简单易于建设，但是由于在实际的设计建造过程中有些厂商设计的链条或钢丝绳之间的间距不足够宽，用于承载车轮的载车板偏小，对于车主来说，在这种停车设备上停车有些麻烦。在上升或横移过程中，若出现机构稳定性问题，极有可能造成事故。
立体停车设备在存车或取车时，对应需要横移一个车位，为实现横移车位的目的，目前通常是在横移载车板上自带电机，电机随载车板在导轨上移动，在载车板移动过程中，电机电缆需悬挂随电机滑动。当采用多排布局时，车位上下运动可能会与电缆干涉，同时在交叉移动车位时也可能会发生干涉，造成电缆损坏而引起漏电事故，存在一定的安全隐患。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本发明克服了以上缺陷，提出了一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置，由载车板、梭车、存车板及立体框架四部分构成，其中梭车位于存车板上，存车板位于房屋结构内，载车板位于房屋结构外，通过梭车在存车板与载车板之间的穿梭来实现车辆的横向移动。
该梭车位于存车板上，在抬升电机和丝杠副传动下，能同时托起轿车的前轮和后轮从而抬升轿车。梭车在行驶电机的驱动下，往复穿梭在存车板与载车板之间，实现了轿车的横向移动，完成了立体停车库中轿车的入库和出库两个过程。
该梭车响应单片机控制系统发出的逻辑信号后启动。抬车电机及减速器先启动，输出动力经力矩变换后驱动抬车板升降。在升降完成后，行驶电机启动，同样经过力矩变换后驱动梭车横移。单片机控制系统发出指令，对梭车进行制动。梭车停下后，抬车电机及减速器再次驱动抬车板做升降，升降完成后，行驶电机驱动梭车横移回归初始位置。
轿车入库是指：梭车带动轿车，从载车板运动至房间内存车板的过程；轿车出库是指：梭车带动轿车，从房间内存车板运动至载车板的出库过程。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本发明装置的主要优点：1、车辆放置稳定性安全性高；2、动力传动稳定可靠，取放车辆快速便捷；3、相比较单纯的链传动，噪音更小。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1为轿车移库装置结构示意图。
图2为梭车结构示意图：(a)主视图；(b)俯视图。
图3为梭车运动原理图。
图4为光电开关读取编码挡块示意图：(a)立体示意图；(b)主视图。
图5为梭车控制流程图。
图6为梭车控制电路图。
【附图符号说明】1、载车板；2、立体框架；3、梭车；4、存车板；5、行驶电机；6、丝杆；7、抬车板；8、支撑杆；9、拉杆传动机构；10、滚轮；11、导向轮；12、抬车电机及减速器；13、输出轴齿轮；14、导向轮；15、齿条；16、挡块；17、挡块固定板；18、光电开关。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。
如图1所示，轿车移库装置由载车板1、立体框架2、梭车3和存车板4结构等组成，载车板1是设有梳齿型槽的结构，便于移车架进入此处移动车辆，同时载车板1表面进行防滑设计，降低车辆溜车的可能性；载车板四周是立体框架2结构，其作用是保持载车板的平衡，减少由于载车板在运转过程的晃动幅度，避免因载车板的晃动而产生振动，增加系统运行过程中的机械噪音。梭车在存车板4与载车板1之间的移动，完成汽车的存取。立体框架2与立体车库升降系统相配合，带动载车板1跟随立体车库进行升降运动。
如图2和图3所示，梭车3主要由行驶电机5、丝杆6、抬车板7、支撑杆8、拉杆传动机构9、滚轮10、导向轮11、抬车电机及减速器12、输出轴齿轮13、导向轮14、齿条15等机构组成。在梭车内放置抬车电机及减速器12，抬车电机及减速器12的输出轴通过联轴器与丝杆6连接，丝杆6与拉杆传动机构9采用螺纹副传动结构连接，拉杆传动机构9与抬车板7铰接，抬车板7又与支撑杆8的一端铰接，支撑杆8的另一端与梭车3的底部固定连接。齿条15安装在存车板4的侧面，齿条15相对于地面是固定不动的。梭车3的底部安装有导向轮11以及滚轮10，保证梭车运动的方向和稳定性，减少梭车与载车板1和存车板4之间的摩擦，既减少机构磨损，又减少了噪音的产生。整个机构的作用是完成车辆在存车板4和载车板1上的移动过程以及抬车板7的升降运动过程。
抬车板的升降过程为：当抬车电机及减速器12工作时，丝杆6旋转，带动拉杆传动机构9及抬车板7运动，使得抬车板7下方的支撑杆8绕支点旋转，从而实现 抬车板7的抬升动作。梭车3的横向运动过程为：通过行驶电机5驱动输出轴齿轮13旋转，通过输出轴齿轮13和齿条15的啮合运动，驱动梭车3的横向移动。
如图4所示，由于整个立体车库所需控制的电机较多，故将主控制系统与载车横移执行系统分开，即主控制系统控制存取车以及其它相关部分，每一层存车架的执行系统控制车辆的移出移入。当梭车在转移车辆时，循环车架不允许运动。因此载车横移执行系统时，挡块16不在光电开关18感应中，光电开关18将其工作状态反馈给主控制系统，此时循环存车架不需要转动，就需要将其卡死。
如图5所示，为梭车移入/移出车辆控制流程图。
如图6所示，执行系统控制电路，其中(1)接主控制电路的移入/移出信号线以及工作状态指示线；(2)接梭车行驶电机控制器；(3)抬车电机控制器，其中两个光电开关用于判断梭车的行驶位置的起点/终点；另外两个用于判断抬车板抬车的起点/终点，两个二极管(D7，D8)和三极管所组成部分的用于开启/关闭单片机，当主控制电路发出存/取车指令时将单片机开启，没有信号时单片机关闭。
应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置，其特征在于：由载车板(1)、立体框架(2)、梭车(3)以及存车板(4)四部分构成，其中梭车(3)位于存车板(4)上，存车板(4)位于房屋结构内，载车板(1)位于房屋结构外，通过梭车(3)在存车板(4)与载车板(1)之间的穿梭来实现轿车的横向移动。
  2. 一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置，其特征在于：所述梭车(3)主要由行驶电机(5)、丝杆(6)、抬车板(7)、支撑杆(8)、拉杆传动机构(9)、滚轮(10)、导向轮(11)、抬车电机及减速器(12)、输出轴齿轮(13)、导向轮(14)、齿条(15)组成，所述梭车(3)内放置有抬车电机及减速器(12)，抬车电机及减速器(12)的输出轴通过联轴器与丝杆(6)连接，丝杆(6)与拉杆传动机构(9)采用螺纹副传动结构连接，拉杆传动机构(9)与抬车板(7)铰接，抬车板(7)又与支撑杆(8)的一端铰接，支撑杆(8)的另一端与梭车(3)的底部固定连接，齿条(15)安装在存车板(4)的侧面，梭车(3)的底部安装有导向轮(11)以及滚轮(10)。
  3. 一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置，其特征在于：抬车电机(12)驱动丝杆(6)旋转，带动拉杆传动机构(9)及抬车板(7)运动，使得抬车板(7)下方的支撑杆(8)绕支点旋转，从而实现抬车板(7)抬升轿车的动作，其次，行驶电机(5)驱动输出轴齿轮(13)旋转，通过输出轴齿轮(13)和齿条(15)的啮合运动，驱动梭车(3)的横向移动。
  4. 一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置，其特征在于：梭车(3)响应单片机控制系统发出的逻辑信号后，依次执行抬车电机及减速器(12)的启动和行驶电机(5)的启动，当梭车(3)制动时，单片机控制系统发出指令对行驶电机(5)进行制动。
PCT/CN2016/112617 2016-10-26 2016-12-28 一种基于单片机控制的智能轿车移库装置 WO2018076527A1 (zh)

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