WO2017173740A1 - 基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床 - Google Patents

基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017173740A1
WO2017173740A1 PCT/CN2016/087931 CN2016087931W WO2017173740A1 WO 2017173740 A1 WO2017173740 A1 WO 2017173740A1 CN 2016087931 W CN2016087931 W CN 2016087931W WO 2017173740 A1 WO2017173740 A1 WO 2017173740A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
numerical control
control machine
machine tool
positioning
product
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/087931
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁舟
饶杰
谢彦腾
Original Assignee
意力(广州)电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2017173740A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017173740A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
    • B23Q7/045—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers using a tool holder as a work-transporting gripper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
    • B23Q7/046—Handling workpieces or tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
    • B23Q3/088—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated using vacuum means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
    • B23Q7/043—Construction of the grippers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tool equipment and touch panel processing, in particular to a numerical control machine tool based on a robot for automatic loading and unloading.
  • CNC machine tools are short for Computerized Numerical Control Machine (CNC). It is an automated machine tool with a program control system that can perform logic operations, process programs with control code or other symbolic instructions, and decode them to cause the machine to move and machine parts.
  • CNC Computerized Numerical Control Machine
  • the invention provides an automatic loading and unloading device capable of replacing manual operation, and is used in a numerically controlled machine tool to solve the problem of low efficiency and easy scratching of the glass panel when manually loading and unloading operations.
  • the invention provides a numerical control machine tool for automatically loading and unloading based on a robot, comprising: a main body of a numerical control machine tool, and a material rack, an air suction platform and a manipulator respectively respectively arranged on the main body of the numerical control machine tool, the numerical control machine tool further comprising respectively Electrically connecting the main body of the numerical control machine tool and the working drive mechanism of the robot, wherein:
  • the robot is used to move the product to be processed placed by the rack to the suction platform for adsorption according to the driving of the working drive mechanism; the main body of the numerical control machine is used for The workpiece to be processed adsorbed by the suction platform is processed by the working drive mechanism to obtain a final product; and the robot is used to move the final product to the second movement trajectory to the In the rack.
  • the numerical control machine tool further includes a numerical control mechanism electrically connecting the main body of the numerical control machine tool and the mechanical hand respectively.
  • the main body of the numerical control machine tool comprises a machine casing and a workbench surrounded by the machine casing, and the material rack and the suction platform are respectively disposed at different positions on the worktable;
  • a bracket is further disposed above the workbench, and the robot is disposed on the bracket.
  • the machine casing is formed by enclosing a front side plate, a rear side plate, a left side plate, a right side plate and a bottom plate, the work table is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the bracket extends along a length of the machine itself.
  • the two ends are respectively fixedly overlapped at the upper edges of the left and right side plates of the machine casing, such that the brackets are disposed across the table; when the table is oriented toward the front side plate Or moving back and forth away from the direction of the front side panel, causing the robot on the bracket to contact the rack and to perform loading and/or unloading operations on the product in the rack;
  • the lengthwise movement of the bracket causes the robot to approach the suction platform.
  • a processing component is further disposed between the bracket and the robot, the processing component moves along a length direction of the bracket, and the robot is fixed on the processing component, along with the processing component The bracket moves in the longitudinal direction.
  • the processing component includes a processing arm and a cutter for processing a product at a bottom end of the processing arm, the processing arm moves along a length direction of the bracket, and the robot is fixed on the processing arm .
  • the robot includes a panel fixed on the processing component, an arm body fixed on the panel, and a reclaiming mechanism located at a lower end of the arm body and hinged with the arm body, the taking The material mechanism rotates relative to the arm body to enable the robot to grasp the product at the position of the rack and the suction platform.
  • the reclaiming mechanism includes a reclaiming panel, a connecting member disposed on an upper surface of the reclaiming panel, and a pick-and-place structure fixed on a lower surface of the reclaiming panel, wherein the connecting member is provided An opening through which the shaft passes, such that the connector is hinged to the arm body.
  • the pick-and-place structure is a suction cup or a claw type structure.
  • the pick-and-place structure is a suction cup.
  • the numerical control machine tool of the present invention further comprises a rack frame disposed on an upper surface of the worktable adjacent to a front side panel region of the machine casing, the rack being disposed in the rack frame.
  • the rack frame is a rectangular rack frame formed by enclosing a plurality of support strips, and a reinforcing rod and/or a reinforcing rod overlapping the support strip in the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction is further disposed in the rack frame.
  • a fixing strip is further disposed between the rack frame and the upper surface of the workbench, and one end of the fixing strip is fixedly connected to the rack frame, and the other end is The upper surface of the workbench is fixedly connected to fix the rack frame on the upper surface of the workbench.
  • the rack includes a first rack for placing a product and a second rack for placing the processed product, any of the racks including oppositely disposed and parallel to the front panel of the machine casing
  • the side plate has a groove structure on one side of the positioning bar for clamping the product placed in the positioning bar.
  • the positioning bar includes a first positioning bar and a second positioning bar disposed oppositely, a third positioning bar and a fourth positioning bar disposed oppositely; the first positioning bar and the second positioning bar Located at a position above the rack, and the side of the first positioning strip provided with the groove structure is opposite to the side of the second positioning strip provided with the groove structure, forming a product for fastening a card slot; the third positioning bar and the fourth positioning bar are located at a lower position in the rack, and the third positioning bar is provided with a side of the groove structure and the fourth positioning bar
  • the sides provided with the groove structure are all arranged upwards to form a card slot for the product to be fastened.
  • the groove structure is a combination of one or more of a sawtooth, an arc groove or a rectangular groove.
  • the groove structure is serrated.
  • the air suction platform is a casing formed by enclosing a plurality of side panels and a top panel, and a circular opening is arranged on a top surface of the air suction platform, and the circular opening is connected to the vacuum tube.
  • the numerical control machine tool of the present invention further includes a positioning baffle that is movably coupled to the air suction platform, the positioning baffle includes a first positioning baffle, a second positioning baffle, and a connection center a first positioning baffle, a second positioning baffle, and a connecting part of the air suction platform, wherein the first positioning baffle is disposed adjacent to the second positioning baffle to form a product for positioning the product Angle.
  • first positioning baffle and the second positioning baffle are each provided with a horizontal baffle parallel to the top surface of the suction platform and a side closer to the suction platform from the horizontal baffle Forming a vertical baffle extending upwardly, so that a vertical cross-section of the first positioning baffle and the second positioning baffle is L-shaped;
  • the connecting member includes two ends respectively connected to the first positioning baffle a connecting rod of the second positioning baffle, and a fixing portion formed by bending and extending from the connecting rod downwardly toward the air suction platform, wherein the fixing portion is movably connected to the air suction platform.
  • the present invention realizes automatic loading and unloading of products by setting robots and racks in a numerically controlled machine tool, thereby avoiding inconvenience caused by manual operation and improving production efficiency.
  • the traditional CNC machine tool operation since the CNC machine tool only has the main body of the CNC machine tool and the suction platform for processing the product, it is necessary to manually carry out the loading and unloading operation of the product, which is troublesome and has low efficiency.
  • the invention realizes automatic feeding and/or unloading operation of the product by adding a robot to the numerical control machine tool.
  • the robot can move according to a preset motion trajectory, and the product to be processed placed in the first rack can be taken out and moved to the suction platform, and the suction platform can be The finished final product is taken out and moved to the second rack for blanking.
  • the whole process is completed by the main part of the CNC machine tool and the robot, and no manual operation is required, which greatly improves the processing of the product. effectiveness.
  • the numerical control machine tool of the invention also has a positioning baffle for accurately positioning the product to be processed on the suction platform, and the positioning baffle forms an angle for positioning the product to be processed, so the robot is After the product to be processed is moved to the suction platform, the CNC machine tool of the invention can still accurately position the processed product by using the positioning baffle without manual correction positioning, thereby ensuring the consistency of the batch processed product.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a numerical control machine tool based on a robot for automatic loading and unloading according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main body of a numerical control machine tool in Embodiment 2;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a numerical control machine tool based on a robot for performing automatic loading and unloading based on a robot;
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a numerical control machine tool based on a robot for automatic loading and unloading according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a machining part and a manipulator in a numerically controlled machine tool based on a robot for automatic loading and unloading based on a robot;
  • Figure 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the structure of A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the structure of B in Figure 3;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of a first material rack, a second material rack, and a material rack frame in a numerically controlled machine tool based on a robot for automatic loading and unloading;
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of an air suction platform and a positioning baffle in a numerically controlled machine tool based on a robot for automatic loading and unloading;
  • Figure 10 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the structure of C in Figure 3;
  • Figure 11 is a working state of the numerical control machine tool of the second embodiment based on the robot for automatic loading and unloading;
  • Figure 12 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the structure of the portion D in Figure 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a working state of the second embodiment of the CNC machine tool for automatically loading and unloading based on the robot to complete the loading step and performing the positioning suction step;
  • Figure 14 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the structure of E in Figure 13;
  • 15 is a working state of the second embodiment of the numerical control machine tool for automatically loading and unloading based on the robot to complete the positioning and suction step, and preparing for the processing step;
  • Figure 16 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the structure of the portion F in Figure 15;
  • 17 is a working state of the second embodiment of the numerical control machine tool for automatically loading and unloading based on the robot;
  • Figure 18 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the structure of G in Figure 17;
  • the above partial terms may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term “upper” may also be used to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases.
  • the specific meaning of these terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • installation should be understood broadly.
  • it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a one-piece construction; it may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it may be two devices, components or components. Internal communication.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • first means two or more.
  • front refers to the direction toward the front side panel of the machine casing
  • rear refers to the direction toward the rear side panel of the machine casing
  • left refers to the left side of the casing of the machine tool.
  • the direction of the board refers to the direction of the right side of the machine casing.
  • the embodiment provides a CNC machine tool for automatically loading and unloading based on a robot, comprising: a CNC machine body, and a material rack, an air suction platform and a robot respectively respectively disposed on the main body of the CNC machine tool, the CNC machine tool further comprising Electrically connecting the main body of the numerical control machine tool and the working drive mechanism of the manipulator, wherein:
  • the robot is used to move the product to be processed placed by the rack to the suction platform for adsorption according to the driving of the working drive mechanism; the main body of the numerical control machine is used for The workpiece to be processed adsorbed by the suction platform is processed by the working drive mechanism to obtain a final product; and the robot is used to move the final product to the second movement trajectory to the In the rack.
  • the embodiment provides a numerical control machine tool for automatically loading and unloading based on a robot.
  • the numerical control machine tool comprises a main body of a numerical control machine tool 1 , which are respectively disposed at different positions on the main body 1 of the numerical control machine tool 2 .
  • the robot picks up the product to be processed from the first rack by the robot driven by the working drive mechanism, and places it on the suction platform according to the first preset movement trajectory for adsorption, and the suction is performed by the main body of the numerical control machine tool.
  • the platform-adsorbed product to be processed is processed to obtain a final product, and when the suction platform stops adsorbing, the robot picks up the final product from the suction platform and places it according to a second preset movement track. Go to the second rack.
  • the working drive mechanism is used to provide driving force for the work of various components in the numerical control machine tool
  • the numerical control mechanism is used to control the movement track of the above-mentioned manipulator during operation.
  • the working drive mechanism and the numerical control mechanism in this embodiment can also provide other common functions in the numerical control machine tool, which will not be further described herein.
  • the robot is used to take out the product to be processed in the first rack and place it on the suction platform, so that the process of the product in the state to be processed is the loading; using the robot to process the final on the suction platform.
  • the process of removing the product and placing it in the second rack is blanking.
  • the CNC machine main body 1 includes a machine casing 11 formed by the front side plate 111, the rear side plate 112, the left side plate 113, the right side plate 114, and the bottom plate 115, and is horizontally
  • a table 12 disposed in the direction and surrounded by the machine casing 11.
  • the table 12 is movable back and forth in the front-rear direction in the machine casing 11 (i.e., moved back and forth toward the front side plate 111 or away from the front side plate 111).
  • a bracket 13 is disposed across the table 12, and a processing member 14 is disposed on the bracket 13.
  • the bracket 13 is disposed adjacent to the rear side plate 112 and the two ends of the bracket 13 extending along the length of the bracket 13 are fixedly overlapped at the upper edges of the left side plate 113 and the right side plate 114, respectively, so that the bracket 13 straddles Above the workbench 12.
  • the machined component 14 is disposed on the bracket 13 and the machined component 14 is movable back and forth along the length of the bracket 13.
  • the machining member 14 includes a machining arm 141 disposed toward the front side plate 111 of the machine casing 11 and a cutter 142 at the bottom end of the machining arm 141, wherein the machining arm 141 is movable along the length of the bracket 13 to drive the movement of the cutter 142.
  • the cutter 142 is used to process the product to be processed on the suction platform.
  • the robot 2 is fixed to the processing member 14.
  • the robot 2 includes a panel 21 fixed to the outer surface of the processing arm 142, an arm main body 22 disposed on the panel 21, and a reclaiming mechanism 23 at the lower end of the arm main body 22.
  • the arm body 22 is provided with a mechanism for sliding up and down to drive the up and down movement of the reclaiming mechanism 23; in addition, the reclaiming mechanism 23 is hinged to the lower end of the arm main body 22 through a rotating shaft, so that the reclaiming mechanism 23 can realize relative The rotation of the arm body 22 is performed.
  • components such as pneumatic valves connected to the robot can also be provided for powering the robot and the reclaiming mechanism to achieve corresponding actions, which are common structures and technologies in the field, and are no longer used herein.
  • components such as pneumatic valves connected to the robot can also be provided for powering the robot and the reclaiming mechanism to achieve corresponding actions, which are common structures and technologies in the field, and are no longer used herein.
  • the reclaiming mechanism 23 includes a reclaiming panel 231 , a connecting member 232 disposed on the upper surface of the reclaiming panel 231 and having a through opening, and four fixed on the lower surface of the reclaiming panel 231 .
  • the through hole of the connecting member 232 can be connected with the rotating shaft to articulate the reclaiming mechanism 23 with the arm main body 22.
  • the suction cup is arranged in the direction of the product to be taken (ie the product located in the first rack and/or the processed product placed on the suction platform) for sucking the product to be taken.
  • a plurality of openings for inserting the connecting tube are provided on the side of the retrieving panel, in this embodiment
  • the suction cup of the take-up mechanism is connected to a vacuum device (not shown) through a connecting pipe (not shown), and the product to be taken is firmly adsorbed on the suction cup by vacuuming.
  • the function of the reclaiming mechanism is to take out the product from the first rack and place it on the suction platform, and/or take out the processed product placed on the suction platform and Place it in the second rack. Therefore, other reclaiming mechanisms having a gripping function can be used instead of the reclaiming mechanism of the embodiment.
  • claw-type structures are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the retrieving panel to realize grasping or lowering of the material to be taken.
  • the claw-shaped structure has a sharper claw shape. If the claw-type structure is made of a metal material, the product is likely to be scratched when the product made of glass or plastic is grasped, and the suction cup structure does not cause this problem. . Therefore, when such a product is processed, the reclaiming mechanism of this embodiment is preferably employed.
  • the first support bar 51, the second support bar 52, the third support bar 53 and the first support bar 51 are provided in the upper surface of the table 12 near the front side plate 111 of the machine tool casing.
  • the four support bars 54 collectively enclose a rectangular frame frame 5 formed for fixing the first rack 31 and the second rack 32 therein.
  • the rack frame 5 In the rack frame 5, four reinforcing rods are arranged parallel to the second supporting strip 52 (also parallel to the fourth supporting strip 54) and the two ends are respectively connected to the first supporting strip 51 and the third supporting strip 53 respectively.
  • the reinforcing rod includes a first reinforcing rod 551, a second reinforcing rod 552, and a third reinforcing rod 553 and a fourth reinforcing rod 554 substantially in the region where the second rack is located. Between the first reinforcing rod 551 and the second reinforcing rod 552, the third reinforcing rod 553 and the fourth reinforcing rod 554 are respectively fixed parallel to the first supporting strip 51 (also parallel to the third supporting strip 53) The reinforcing strip 56, the reinforcing rod and the reinforcing strip cooperate to make the structure of the whole rack frame stable.
  • a fixing strip 57 is disposed between the reinforcing strip 56 and the upper surface of the table 12, and the fixing strip 57 is fixedly connected to the reinforcing strip 56 at one end by screwing, and the other end is fixedly connected to the table 12, thereby
  • the rack frame 5 is fixed to the fixing strip 57.
  • the longitudinal direction of the fixing strip 57 and the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing strip 56 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the product mainly refers to a glass panel used for manufacturing a touch screen.
  • the first rack 31 and the second rack 32 are both disposed inside the rack frame 5, and both are materials for holding the glass panel.
  • the first rack is used to hold the glass panel to be processed and can hold 40 pieces;
  • the second rack is used to hold the processed glass panel and can hold 40 pieces.
  • the structures of the first rack and the second rack are completely the same, and the difference between the two racks is only that the processing state of the glass panel is different. Therefore, only the first rack is described in detail below, and details are not described herein again. Second rack.
  • the first rack 31 includes two side plates 311 respectively disposed on the inner surface of the first support bar 51 and the inner surface of the third support bar 53 .
  • the two side plates are oppositely disposed, and The central portion of the side plate is recessed downward to form a groove.
  • the first rack 31 further includes a first positioning strip 312, a second positioning strip 313, and a length extending in the front-rear direction of the numerical control machine tool (ie, extending in the north-south direction in FIG. 7), and the two ends are respectively fixed to the side plate 311.
  • the three positioning strips 314 and the fourth positioning strips 315, and the four positioning strips are all provided with serrations on one side.
  • the first positioning strip 312 and the second positioning strip 313 are located in the top region of the first rack 31 and are disposed at a certain distance.
  • the serrations of the first positioning strip 312 and the serrations of the second positioning strip 313 are oppositely disposed and both toward the inside of the first rack (ie, the serrations of the first positioning strip are toward the right side in FIG. 7 and the serrations of the second positioning strip are oriented.
  • the left side of the seventh positioning strip, the serration of the first positioning strip and the serration size, shape and position of the second positioning strip correspond to each other, so that a card slot for holding the product is formed between the two, which can be in the left and right direction The product placed in the card slot is fixed.
  • the third positioning strip 314 and the fourth positioning strip 315 are located in the bottom area of the first rack 31, and are also disposed at a certain distance, and are viewed from the vertical direction (ie, the direction facing the paper in FIG. 7).
  • the third positioning strip is inside the first positioning strip
  • the fourth positioning strip is inside the second positioning strip, that is, the spacing between the third positioning strip and the fourth positioning strip is smaller than between the first positioning strip and the second positioning strip. Pitch.
  • the serrations of the third positioning strip 314 and the fourth positioning strip 315 are both vertically upwards (ie, facing outward in FIG.
  • a card slot for securing the product is formed, and the product placed in the card slot can be fixed in the front-rear direction (ie, in the north-south direction in FIG. 7).
  • the product In combination with the functions of the first positioning strip and the second positioning strip, the product can be stably placed in the first rack.
  • the product mainly refers to the glass panel used to manufacture the touch screen.
  • the separation distance between the first positioning bar and the second positioning bar may be specifically determined according to the width of the product placed therein.
  • the product of the embodiment mainly refers to a glass panel for manufacturing a touch screen
  • the positioning bar for the carding product is designed as a sawtooth shape, and in fact, the positioning bar in the rack can be designed according to the shape of the product.
  • the shape of the card slot for example, one side of the positioning bar is designed as an arc groove, and the shape, size and position of the arc groove corresponding to the two corresponding positioning bars are corresponding to form a card slot;
  • One side of the side is designed as a rectangular groove, and the rectangular groove shape, size and position of the two corresponding positioning strips are corresponding to each other to form a card slot.
  • the suction platform 4 is disposed on the upper surface of the table 12, and its position is located on the rear side of the table 12.
  • the air suction platform 4 is a pentagonal housing formed by the first side panel 41, the second side panel 42, the third side panel 43, the fourth side panel 44, and the top panel 45.
  • the pentagon housing The shape is substantially rectangular and cut to a right angled shape, and the cut right angle is between the upper side area of the second side panel 42 and the right side area of the third side panel 43, such that the second side panel 42 and the third side panel 43 Cooperating with the top panel 45 to form an opening.
  • a rectangular square hole 46 is defined in the first side panel 41 and the second side panel 42.
  • a large circular opening 47 is defined in the center of the top panel 45, and a plurality of smaller openings are formed around the circular opening. Hole.
  • a connecting tube (not shown) can be used to open the circular opening 47 with a larger center of the top surface and the vacuum device (not shown)
  • the connection is made by vacuuming to generate a negative pressure, so that the product to be processed is fixedly adsorbed on the top surface 45, the small hole around the circular opening serves to assist the adsorption, and the rectangular square hole 46 is used for the connection tube to pass through smoothly. Over.
  • the top panel may be vertically extended toward the inside of the pentagonal housing to form a plurality of inner side panels at a position corresponding to a plurality of smaller holes formed around the circular opening, and the inner side panel is internally formed.
  • An inner bottom panel is connected to the lower edge of the side panels, so that an inner casing composed of a top panel, an inner side panel and an inner bottom panel is integrally formed inside the pentagonal housing.
  • the inner casing helps to further enhance the suction fixing effect of the suction platform on the product to be processed.
  • the function of the suction platform is to fix the product to be processed, so that the tool of the main body of the numerical control machine tool can process the product to be processed.
  • the main processing of the CNC machine tool for the processing of the product refers to the grinding, milling, punching and other actions of the product, which requires the CNC machine tool to accurately position each piece of the product to be processed, otherwise the same batch of products will be processed. Inconsistent, leading to product quality problems.
  • the positioning baffle 6 is further connected to the suction platform 4 .
  • the positioning baffle 6 includes a first positioning baffle 61 disposed adjacent to the second side panel 42 of the air suction platform and a second positioning baffle 62 disposed adjacent to the third side panel 43 of the air suction platform. And the structure of the two is roughly the same.
  • the vertical cross section of the first positioning baffle 61 is L-shaped.
  • the first positioning baffle 61 includes a horizontal baffle slightly higher than the top surface 45 of the suction platform and a vertical extension formed by the horizontal baffle extending from the side of the horizontal baffle near the second side panel 42 of the air suction platform 42.
  • the vertical section of the second positioning baffle 62 is also L-shaped, and the vertical baffle of the second positioning baffle 62 is perpendicular to the suction platform top panel 45 and parallel to the third side panel 43 of the suction platform. That is, the vertical baffle of the first positioning baffle 61 and the vertical baffle of the second positioning baffle 62 are perpendicular to each other, and the two are disposed adjacent to each other, so that a product for the product is formed on the top surface of the suction platform.
  • the first positioning baffle and the second positioning baffle can be placed close to the product to be processed, and the processed product is processed by the positioning angle formed therebetween.
  • Accurate positioning It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the product to be processed mainly refers to a glass panel product used for a smart phone or a tablet computer, and the shape of the product is generally rectangular or rounded rectangle, so the first positioning gear in this embodiment
  • the angle formed by the positioning between the plate and the second positioning baffle is a right angle.
  • an angle of positioning that matches the actual shape of the product can also be designed to achieve positioning of the product.
  • the positioning baffle 6 further includes a connecting member 63.
  • the connecting member 63 includes connecting rods respectively connecting the first positioning baffle 61 and the second positioning baffle 62 at two ends, and the first positioning baffle 61 is connectable with respect to the connection.
  • the rod moves toward or away from the suction platform (ie, moves in the left-right direction in FIG. 10), and the second positioning flap 62 can move closer to or away from the suction platform relative to the connecting rod (ie, moving up and down in FIG.
  • the working process of the numerically controlled machine tool of this embodiment is roughly as shown in FIGS. 11 to 14 : steps including feeding, positioning suction, processing, and cutting.
  • the product to be processed is located in the first rack.
  • the working platform 12 is moved backward to the vicinity of the robot 2, so that the reclaiming mechanism 23 is located in the first rack, and the material is taken.
  • the suction cup of the mechanism is attached to the surface of the product to be processed (the product is not shown); secondly, the first vacuum device (not shown) communicating with the suction cup of the reclaiming mechanism is activated, and the product to be processed is firmly adsorbed by the negative pressure.
  • the suction cup again, moving the work platform forward, causing the robot to leave the first rack, at which time the robot and the suction platform are aligned substantially in the lateral direction (ie, the left and right direction); then, in conjunction with FIG.
  • the robot 2 is Moving laterally along the bracket 13 to the upper side of the suction platform 4, the reclaiming mechanism is rotated downward by 90°, so that the reclaiming mechanism that adsorbs the product to be processed is opposite to the top panel of the suction platform, and communicates with the suction cup of the reclaiming mechanism.
  • the vacuum device stops working, and the suction cup releases the product to be processed, so that the product to be processed is located on the top panel of the suction platform, thereby completing the loading step.
  • a positioning suction step is performed.
  • the first positioning baffle 61 and the second positioning baffle 62 are adjacent to the product to form a positioning angle at a substantially right angle to position the product; after positioning, a second vacuum device (not shown) communicating with the top panel of the suction platform Start to fix the product to be processed on the suction platform.
  • the processing step is performed.
  • the reclaiming mechanism 23 is rotated upward by 90° so that the suction cup is in a state of facing the rack; then the processed product is processed by the cutter at the lower end of the processing component to obtain the processed final product.
  • a water-cooling cooling member may be disposed on both sides of the processing member, and the cooling member is used to spray water to cool down. Exclude the debris generated by the machining, or you can also set the chip removal components.
  • a blanking step is performed.
  • the positioning baffle and the suction platform are stopped, the take-up mechanism is rotated downward by 90°, so that the suction cup faces the final product; the first vacuum device is activated, so that the final product is firmly adsorbed on the reclaiming mechanism;
  • the take-up mechanism 23 is rotated upward by 90° so that the suction cup of the take-up mechanism faces the rack direction, and the robot is moved laterally to the right along the bracket 13, at which time the robot 2 and the second rack are substantially in the longitudinal direction ( That is, the front-rear direction in FIG. 14 is aligned; the work platform 12 is moved backward to the vicinity of the robot, the first vacuum device stops working, and the suction cup releases the final product, so that the final product is placed in the second rack.
  • the first material rack and the second material rack can accommodate forty products, so the CNC machine tool can repeat the above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading process for 40 times at a time. Realize automatic loading and unloading of forty products.
  • the numerical control machine tool of the embodiment further includes a machining program carrier, and the machining program carrier includes a G code program, and the relative motion trajectory of the tool, the work table, the robot arm, and the reclaiming mechanism is realized by the G code program.
  • the working drive mechanism and the numerical control mechanism in this embodiment can be implemented by using the prior art, and will not be further described herein.

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Abstract

一种基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床，包括：数控机床主体（1），以及分别独立设置在数控机床主体（1）上的料架、吸风平台（4）和机械手（2），数控机床还包括分别电性连接数控机床主体（1）和机械手（2）的工作驱动机构。机械手（2）用于在工作驱动机构的驱动下将料架放置的待加工产品按第一预设移动轨迹移放至吸风平台（4）进行吸附；数控机床主体（1）用于在工作驱动机构的驱动下对吸风平台吸附的待加工产品进行加工以获得最终产品；机械手（2）还用于将最终产品按第二移动轨迹移放至料架中。上述对产品的移取、加工过程均由数控机床主体与机械手等部件配合完成，无需人工操作。

Description

基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床 技术领域
本发明涉及数控机床设备和触摸面板加工技术领域，具体是一种基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床。
背景技术
数控机床是计算机数字控制机床(Computerized Numerical Control Machine，CNC)的简称。它是一种装有程序控制系统的自动化机床，该程序控制系统能够进行逻辑运算，处理具有控制编码或其他符号指令规定的程序，并将其译码，从而使机床动作并加工零件。
目前，在利用数控机床加工玻璃面板等产品时，需要通过人工进行上下料操作，即：操作人员将玻璃面板放入料架中，经过手动对位、调节使玻璃面板实现真空吸附、数控机床加工等一系列操作后，操作人员再将加工好的玻璃面板取出，实现上下料操作。采用人工进行上下料操作的流程复杂，限制了生产效率的提高。并且人工操作时，容易刮花玻璃面板，导致产品良率降低。鉴于此，实有必要对现有的数控机床进行改进，以解决人工进行上下料操作带来的问题。
发明内容
本发明通过提供一种能够代替人工操作的自动上下料装置，将其用于数控机床中，以解决人工进行上下料操作时效率较低、易刮花玻璃面板的问题。
本发明提供一种基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床，包括：数控机床主体，以及分别独立设置在所述数控机床主体上的料架、吸风平台以及机械手，所述数控机床还包括分别电性连接所述数控机床主体和所述机械手的工作驱动机构，其中：
所述机械手用于在所述工作驱动机构的驱动下将所述料架放置的待加工产品按第一预设移动轨迹移放至所述吸风平台进行吸附；所述数控机床主体用于在所述工作驱动机构的驱动下对所述吸风平台吸附的所述待加工产品进行加工以获得最终产品；以及，所述机械手用于将所述最终产品按第二移动轨迹移放至所述料架中。第一预设移动轨迹第二预设移动轨迹
进一步地，在本发明所述的基于机械手臂进行全自动上下料的数控机床中，还包括所述数控机床还包括分别电性连接所述数控机床主体和所述机械手的数控机构。
进一步地，所述数控机床主体包括机床围壳以及被所述机床围壳合围的工作台，所述料架、所述吸风平台分别设置在所述工作台上的不同位置处；在所述工作台上方还设有支架，所述机械手设置在所述支架上。
更进一步地，所述机床围壳由前侧板、后侧板、左侧板、右侧板和底板围合而成，所述工作台沿水平方向设置，所述支架沿其自身长度方向延伸的两端分别固定搭接在所述机床围壳的左侧板和右侧板的上边缘处，使所述支架横跨设置在所述工作台上方；当所述工作台朝向靠近前侧板或远离前侧板的方向来回移动时，使位于所述支架上的所述机械手接触所述料架并对所述料架中的产品进行上料和/或下料操作；所述机械手沿所述支架的长度方向移动，使所述机械手靠近所述吸风平台。
进一步地，在所述支架和所述机械手之间还设有加工部件，所述加工部件沿所述支架长度方向移动，所述机械手固设在所述加工部件上，随所述加工部件沿所述支架长度方向移动。
更进一步地，所述加工部件包括加工臂和位于所述加工臂底端的用于加工产品的刀具，所述加工臂沿所述支架的长度方向移动，所述机械手固设在所述加工臂上。
进一步地，所述机械手包括固设在所述加工部件上的面板、固设在所述面板上的手臂主体以及位于所述手臂主体下端且与所述手臂主体铰接的取料机构，所述取料机构相对于所述手臂主体转动，使所述机械手实现在所述料架与所述吸风平台的位置处抓取产品。
进一步地，所述取料机构包括取料面板、设于所述取料面板上表面的连接件以及固设于所述取料面板下表面的取放结构，其中，所述连接件上设有使转轴穿过的开孔，使所述连接件与所述手臂主体铰接。
可选地，所述取放结构为吸盘或爪型结构。
优选地，所述取放结构为吸盘。
进一步地，本发明所述的数控机床还包括设在所述工作台上表面靠近所述机床围壳前侧板区域的料架框，所述料架设置在所述料架框内。
更进一步地，所述料架框是由若干支撑条围合形成的矩形料架框，且在所述料架框内还设有与所述支撑条横向或纵向搭接的加固杆和/或加固条，用于稳固所述料架框的结构；在所述料架框与所述工作台上表面之间还设有固定条，所述固定条一端固定连接所述料架框，另一端固定连接所述工作台上表面，使所述料架框固定在所述工作台上表面。
进一步地，所述料架包括用于放置产品的第一料架和用于放置加工后产品的第二料架，任一所述料架包括相对设置且平行于所述机床围壳前侧板的两个侧板以及设于两所述侧板之间的定位条，所述侧板贴近所述料架框边缘设置，所述定位条沿长度方向延伸的两端分别固接于两所述侧板上，且所述定位条的一侧边设有凹槽结构，用于卡固放置于所述定位条中的产品。
更进一步地，所述定位条包括相对而设的第一定位条和第二定位条、相对而设的第三定位条和第四定位条；所述第一定位条和所述第二定位条位于所述料架中靠上的位置，且所述第一定位条设有凹槽结构的侧边与所述第二定位条设有凹槽结构的侧边相对设置，形成用于卡固产品的卡槽；所述第三定位条和所述第四定位条位于所述料架中靠下的位置，且所述第三定位条设有凹槽结构的侧边与所述第四定位条设有凹槽结构的侧边均向上设置，形成用于卡固产品的卡槽。
可选地，所述凹槽结构为锯齿、弧形凹槽或矩形凹槽中的一种或几种的组合。优选地，所述凹槽结构为锯齿。
进一步地，所述吸风平台是由若干侧面板和顶面板围合形成的壳体，在所述吸风平台顶面设有圆形开孔，所述圆形开孔连接抽真空管。
进一步地，在本发明所述的数控机床中，还包括与所述吸风平台移动连接的定位挡板，所述定位挡板包括第一定位挡板、第二定位挡板以及用于连接所述第一定位挡板、所述第二定位挡板、所述吸风平台的连接部件，所述第一定位挡板与所述第二定位挡板相邻设置，形成用于对产品定位的夹角。
进一步地，所述第一定位挡板、所述第二定位挡板均设有平行于所述吸风平台顶面的水平挡板以及从所述水平挡板靠近所述吸风平台的侧边向上弯折延伸形成的竖直挡板，使所述第一定位挡板、所述第二定位挡板的竖向剖面呈为L形；所述连接部件包括两端分别连接第一定位挡板、第二定位挡板的连接杆，以及从连接杆处向下向吸风平台方向弯折延伸形成的固接部，所述固接部与吸风平台移动连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
首先，本发明通过在数控机床中设置机械手和料架等部件，实现了对产品的自动上下料，避免人工操作带来的不便，同时也提高了生产效率。利用传统的数控机床作业时，由于数控机床仅设有数控机床主体和用于加工产品的吸风平台，因此需要通过人工对产品进行上下料操作，操作麻烦且效率较低。本发明通过在数控机床中增加机械手来实现对产品的自动上料和/或下料操作。在本发明中，机械手可按照预设的运动轨迹进行移动，既可以将放置于第一料架中的待加工产品取出，并将其移至吸风平台上，又可以将吸风平台上已加工完毕的最终产品取出，并将其移至用于下料的第二料架中，整个过程均由数控机床主体与机械手等部件配合完成，无需人工进行操作，从而大大提高了对产品的加工效率。
其次，本发明的数控机床中还专门设置了用于对吸风平台上待加工产品进行准确定位的定位挡板，该定位挡板形成了用于对待加工产品进行定位的夹角，因此在机械手将待加工产品移至吸风平台后，在没有人工进行手工校正定位的情况下，本发明数控机床仍可利用定位挡板对待加工产品进行准确定位，从而保证了批量化加工产品的一致性。
附图说明
图1是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床的结构示意图；
图2是实施例二中数控机床主体的结构示意图；
图3是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床的俯视图；
图4是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床的仰视图；
图5是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床中加工部件与机械手的放大示意图；
图6是图5中A处结构的局部放大示意图；
图7是图3中B处结构的局部放大示意图；
图8是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床中第一料架、第二料架、料架框的放大示意图；
图9是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床中吸风平台、定位挡板的放大示意图；
图10是图3中C处结构的局部放大示意图；
图11是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床处于上料步骤的工作状态；
图12是图11中D处结构的局部放大示意图；
图13是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床结束上料步骤、进行定位吸风步骤的工作状态；
图14是图13中E处结构的局部放大示意图；
图15是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床结束定位吸风步骤、准备进行加工步骤的工作状态；
图16是图15中F处结构的局部放大示意图；
图17是实施例二基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床结束加工步骤、进行下料步骤的工作状态；
图18是图17中G处结构的局部放大示意图。
具体实施方式
在本发明中，术语"上"、"下"、"左"、"右"、"前"、"后"、"顶"、"底"、"内"、"外"、"中"、"竖直"、"水平"、"横向"、"纵向"等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅用于说明各部件或组成部分之间的相对位置关系，并不特别限定各部件或组成部分的具体安装方位。
并且，上述部分术语除了可以用于表示方位或位置关系以外，还可能用于表示其他含义，例如术语"上"在某些情况下也可能用于表示某种依附关系或连接关系。对于本领域普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解这些术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，术语"安装"、"设置"、"设有"、"连接"、"相连"应做广义理解。例如，可以是固定连接，可拆卸连接，或整体式构造；可以是机械连接，或电连接；可以是直接相连，或者是通过中间媒介间接相连，又或者是两个装置、元件或组成部分之间内部的连通。对于本领域普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，术语"第一"、"第二"等主要是用于区分不同的部件或组成部分，并非用于表明或暗示所指示部件或组成部分的相对重要性和数量。除非另有说明，"多个"的含义为两个或两个以上。
此外，在本实施例中，"前方"是指朝向机床围壳前侧板的方向，"后方"是指朝向机床围壳后侧板的方向，"左侧"是指朝向机床围壳左侧板的方向，"右侧"是指朝向机床围壳右侧板的方向。
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床，包括：数控机床主体，以及分别独立设置在所述数控机床主体上的料架、吸风平台以及机械手，所述数控机床还包括分别电性连接所述数控机床主体和所述机械手的工作驱动机构，其中：
所述机械手用于在所述工作驱动机构的驱动下将所述料架放置的待加工产品按第一预设移动轨迹移放至所述吸风平台进行吸附；所述数控机床主体用于在所述工作驱动机构的驱动下对所述吸风平台吸附的所述待加工产品进行加工以获得最终产品；以及，所述机械手用于将所述最终产品按第二移动轨迹移放至所述料架中。
实施例二
本实施例提供一种基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床，如图1所示，该数控机床包括数控机床主体1，分别设置在数控机床主体1上不同位置处的机械手2、第一料架31、第二料架32和吸风平台4，以及分别与上述数控机床主体1和机械手2电性连接的工作驱动机构（图未示）、分别与上述数控机床主体1和机械手2电性连接的数控机构（图未示）。
其中，由机械手在工作驱动机构的驱动下从第一料架中抓取待加工产品并按照第一预设移动轨迹放置到吸风平台上进行吸附，由所述数控机床主体对所述吸风平台吸附的待加工产品进行加工以获得最终产品，以及在所述吸风平台停止吸附时，由所述机械手从所述吸风平台上抓取所述最终产品并按照第二预设移动轨迹放置到第二料架中。在此过程中，工作驱动机构用于为数控机床中各部件的工作提供驱动力，数控机构用于控制上述机械手工作时的运动轨迹。此外，本实施例中的工作驱动机构和数控机构还可以提供其它在数控机床中的常用功能，在此不再一一赘述。
在本实施例中，利用机械手将第一料架中的待加工产品取出并放置到吸风平台上、使产品处于待加工状态的过程为上料；利用机械手将吸风平台上已加工的最终产品取出并放置到第二料架中的过程为下料。
为了清楚地说明数控机床主体各部分的结构，在图2中略去了机械手、第一料架、第二料架和吸风平台，仅显示出数控机床的数控机床主体。结合图2、图3、图4所示，数控机床主体1包括由前侧板111、后侧板112、左侧板113、右侧板114、底板115合围形成的机床围壳11以及沿水平方向设置且被机床围壳11合围的工作台12。该工作台12能够在机床围壳11中沿前后方向来回移动（即朝向靠近前侧板111或远离前侧板111的方向来回移动）。横跨于工作台12上方设有支架13，在支架13上设有加工部件14。具体为，支架13靠近后侧板112设置且该支架13沿其自身长度方向延伸的两端分别固定搭接在左侧板113和右侧板114的上边缘处，从而使支架13横跨在工作台12上方。加工部件14设在支架13上，且加工部件14可沿支架13的长度方向来回移动。该加工部件14包括面向机床围壳11的前侧板111方向设置的加工臂141和位于加工臂141底端的刀具142，其中，加工臂141可沿支架13长度方向移动，从而带动刀具142的移动，该刀具142用于对吸风平台上的待加工产品进行加工。
如图5所示，机械手2固设在加工部件14上。具体地，该机械手2包括固定在加工臂142外表面上的面板21和设置在面板21上的手臂主体22以及位于手臂主体22下端的取料机构23。其中的手臂主体22上设有可上下滑动的机构，用于带动取料机构23的上下移动；另外，该取料机构23通过一转轴与手臂主体22下端铰接，使取料机构23可实现相对于手臂主体22的转动动作。可以理解的是，在本发明中，还可以设置与机械手相连通的气动阀门等部件用于为机械手、取料机构实现相应动作提供动力，这些均为本领域常用结构和技术，在此不再一一赘述。
具体地，如图6所示，取料机构23包括一取料面板231、设在取料面板231上表面的设有贯穿开孔的连接件232、固设在取料面板231下表面的四个吸盘233。其中，连接件232的贯穿开孔可与转轴连接，从而将取料机构23与手臂主体22铰接。吸盘朝向待取产品（即位于第一料架中的产品和/或放置在吸风平台上的已加工的产品）的方向设置，用于吸取待取产品。为了能够顺利吸取待取产品，并保证其不会在机械手移动或者取料机构转动过程中掉落，在取料面板的侧面上设有若干用于插入连接管的开孔，本实施例中可通过连接管（图未示）使取料机构的吸盘与真空装置（图未示）相连通，利用抽真空的方法将待取产品牢固吸附在吸盘上。
可以理解的是，在本发明中，取料机构的作用是将产品从第一料架中取出并放置到吸风平台上，和/或将放置在吸风平台上的已加工的产品取出并放置到第二料架中。因此还可采用其它具有抓取功能的取料机构代替本实施例的取料机构，例如在取料面板的相对侧边分别设置爪型结构，实现对待取材料的抓取或放下。但是爪型结构的爪部形状较尖锐，若爪型结构采用金属材质，则在抓取玻璃或塑料等材料制成的产品时，容易造成产品刮花，而采用吸盘结构则不会产生此问题。因此加工此类产品时，优选采用本实施例的取料机构。
如图7、图8所示，在工作台12的上表面上靠近机床围壳前侧板111的区域内设有由第一支撑条51、第二支撑条52、第三支撑条53和第四支撑条54共同围合形成的矩形料架框5，矩形料架框5用于将第一料架31和第二料架32固定在其中。在该料架框5内设有平行于第二支撑条52(同时也平行于第四支撑条54)且两端分别连接于第一支撑条51、第三支撑条53的四根加固杆，加固杆包括大致处于第一料架31所在区域内的第一加固杆551、第二加固杆552和大致处于第二料架所在区域内的第三加固杆553、第四加固杆554。在第一加固杆551和第二加固杆552之间，第三加固杆553和第四加固杆554之间均固设有平行于第一支撑条51(同时也平行于第三支撑条53)的加固条56，加固杆和加固条共同作用，使整个料架框的结构稳固。与此同时，在加固条56和工作台12的上表面之间设有固定条57，该固定条57通过螺接的方式一端固定连接加固条56，另一端固定连接在工作台12，从而使得料架框5固定在固定条57上。此外，固定条57的长度方向与加固条56的长度方向相互垂直。
本实施例中，产品主要是指用于制造触摸屏的玻璃面板，第一料架31和第二料架32均设置在料架框5内部，且二者均为用于盛放玻璃面板的料架，第一料架用于盛放待加工的玻璃面板，可盛放40片；第二料架用于盛放已加工的玻璃面板，可盛放40片。在本实施例中，第一料架和第二料架的结构完全相同，二者区别仅在于所盛放的玻璃面板加工状态不同，因此下面仅对第一料架进行详细阐述，不再赘述第二料架。
其中，结合图7、图8所示，第一料架31包括分别贴近第一支撑条51内表面、第三支撑条53内表面设置的两个侧板311，两个侧板相对设置，且侧板的中部向下凹陷形成一凹槽。该第一料架31还包括长度方向沿数控机床前后方向延伸（即图7中沿南北方向延伸）且两端分别固接于侧板311的第一定位条312、第二定位条313、第三定位条314和第四定位条315，且上述四个定位条均为一侧边上设有锯齿的结构。
其中，第一定位条312和第二定位条313位于第一料架31的顶部区域内，且间隔一定距离设置。第一定位条312的锯齿、第二定位条313的锯齿相对而设且均朝向第一料架内部（即第一定位条的锯齿朝向图7中的右侧，第二定位条的锯齿朝向图7中的左侧），第一定位条的锯齿与第二定位条的锯齿大小、形状、位置均相互对应，从而使二者之间形成用于卡固放置产品的卡槽，可在左右方向上固定放置于卡槽中的产品。
其中，第三定位条314和第四定位条315位于第一料架31的底部区域内，也间隔一定距离设置，且从竖直方向上看（即图7中朝纸面向外的方向看），第三定位条在第一定位条内侧，第四定位条在第二定位条内侧，即第三定位条与第四定位条之间的间距要小于第一定位条与第二定位条之间的间距。第三定位条314和第四定位条315的锯齿均竖直朝上开设（即图7中朝纸面向外），且二者的锯齿大小、形状、位置均相互对应，从而使二者之间形成用于卡固放置产品的卡槽，可在前后方向（即图7中沿南北方向）上固定放置于卡槽中的产品。结合上述第一定位条和第二定位条的作用，使得产品可稳固地放置在第一料架中。产品主要是指用于制造触摸屏的玻璃面板
可以理解的是，在本实施例中，第一定位条和第二定位条之间的间隔距离根据放置其中的产品的宽度具体确定即可。另外，由于本实施例的产品主要是指用于制造触摸屏的玻璃面板，因此用于卡固产品的定位条设计为锯齿形状的结构，实际上料架中的定位条可根据产品形状设计为其它卡槽形状，例如将定位条的一侧边设计为弧形凹槽，并使两两对应的定位条的弧形凹槽形状、大小、位置均对应，以形成卡槽；又如将定位条的一侧边设计为矩形凹槽，并使两两对应的定位条的矩形凹槽形状、大小、位置均对应，以形成卡槽。
结合图1、图9、图10所示，吸风平台4设置在工作台12的上表面上，其位置处于工作台12上较为靠后方的区域。该吸风平台4是由第一侧面板41、第二侧面板42、第三侧面板43、第四侧面板44和顶面板45围合形成的五边形壳体，该五边形壳体的形状大致为矩形切去一个直角后的形状，切去的直角位于第二侧面板42上侧区域和第三侧面板43右侧区域之间，使得第二侧面板42、第三侧面板43和顶面板45共同围合形成一开口。在第一侧面板41、第二侧面板42上均开设有矩形方孔46，在顶面板45的中心开设有一个较大的圆形开孔47，该圆形开孔周围开设有若干较小的孔。工作时，为了使待加工产品能够牢固地吸附在该吸风平台上，可利用一连接管（图未示出）将顶面中心较大的圆形开孔47与真空装置（图未示出）连接，通过抽真空产生负压使待加工产品固定吸附于顶面45上，该圆形开孔周围的小孔则起到辅助吸附的作用，矩形方孔46则用于使连接管顺利穿过。此外，在本实施例中，还可以在对应于圆形开孔周围开设的若干较小的孔的四周位置处，使顶面板朝向五边形壳体内部竖向延伸形成若干内部侧面板，内部这些侧面板的下边缘处则连接有内部底面板，从而在五边形壳体内部形成了由顶面板、内部侧面板、内部底面板共同围合组成的内壳。该内壳有助于进一步加强吸风平台对于待加工产品的吸风固定效果。在本发明中，吸风平台的作用在于固定放置待加工产品，使数控机床主体的刀具可对待加工产品进行加工。通常，数控机床主体对待加工产品进行加工是指对产品进行打磨、铣削、打孔等动作，这就要求数控机床对每一片待加工产品都能精准定位，否则会出现同一批产品加工后的样式不一致，导致产品质量问题。为保证在全自动上下料过程中每一片待加工产品的位置都能够被准确定位，如图1所示，在本实施例中，吸风平台4上还连接有定位挡板6。
结合图9、图10所示，定位挡板6包括靠近吸风平台第二侧面板42设置的第一定位挡板61和靠近吸风平台第三侧面板43设置的第二定位挡板62，且二者结构大致相同。以第一定位挡板为例，该第一定位挡板61的竖向剖面呈L形。具体地，该第一定位挡板61包括略高于吸风平台顶面45的水平挡板以及从该水平挡板靠近吸风平台第二侧面板42的侧边向上弯折延伸形成的竖直挡板，该竖直挡板垂直于吸风平台顶面板45且平行于吸风平台第二侧面板42。类似地，第二定位挡板62的竖向剖面也呈L形，且第二定位挡板62的竖直挡板垂直于吸风平台顶面板45且平行于吸风平台第三侧面板43，即第一定位挡板61的竖直挡板与第二定位挡板62的竖直挡板相互垂直，同时二者又相邻设置，故而在吸风平台顶面上形成了一个用于对产品进行定位的夹角，在吸风平台上放置有待加工产品时，可将第一定位挡板和第二定位挡板靠近待加工产品，通过二者之间形成的定位夹角，对待加工产品进行准确定位。可以理解的是，在本实施例中，待加工产品主要指用于智能手机或平板电脑的玻璃面板产品，该类产品的形状一般为矩形或者圆角矩形，因此本实施例中第一定位挡板和第二定位挡板之间形成的定位的夹角为直角。当待加工产品为其它形状的产品时，也可设计出匹配产品实际形状的定位的夹角，以实现对产品的定位。
此外，该定位挡板6还包括一连接部件63，该连接部件63包括两端分别连接第一定位挡板61和第二定位挡板62的连接杆，第一定位挡板61可相对于连接杆进行靠近或远离吸风平台的移动（即图10中沿左右方向移动），第二定位挡板62可相对于连接杆进行靠近或远离吸风平台的移动（即图10中沿上下方向移动），从该连接杆向下向吸风平台的开口方向延伸形成固接部，该固接部与吸风平台移动连接，从而通过连接部件使定位挡板实现相对于吸风平台的移动，配合完成对产品的定位工作。
本实施例数控机床的工作流程大致如图11至14所示：包括上料、定位吸风、加工、下料等步骤。
如图11所示，在上料步骤中，待加工产品位于第一料架内，首先，工作平台12向后移动至机械手2附近，使取料机构23位于第一料架中，且取料机构的吸盘贴附在的待加工产品表面（图未示出产品）；其次，与取料机构的吸盘连通的第一真空装置（图未示）启动，利用负压使待加工产品牢固地吸附在吸盘上；再次，使工作平台向前移动，使机械手离开第一料架，此时机械手与吸风平台大致沿横向方向（即左右方向）对齐；接着，结合图12所示，使机械手2沿支架13横向移动至吸风平台4的上方，取料机构向下旋转90°，使吸附有待加工产品的取料机构与吸风平台的顶面板相对，与取料机构的吸盘连通的第一真空装置停止工作，吸盘松开待加工产品，使待加工产品位于吸风平台的顶面板上，从而完成上料步骤。
在上料步骤之后，如图12所示，进行定位吸风步骤。第一定位挡板61和第二定位挡板62靠近产品，形成大致呈直角的定位夹角，对产品进行定位；定位后，与吸风平台顶面板连通的第二真空装置（图未示）启动，使待加工产品固定在吸风平台上。
在定位吸风步骤之后，如图13所示，进行加工步骤。将取料机构23向上旋转90°，使其吸盘处于朝向料架方向的状态；然后利用加工部件下端的刀具对待加工产品进行加工，得到已加工的最终产品。为了及时将加工步骤中产生的碎屑排出，以及降低因加工产生的高温，在本实施例中，还可以在加工部件两侧设置可喷水的冷却部件，利用冷却部件喷水降温的同时，排除加工产生的碎屑，或者也可以专门设置排屑部件。
在加工步骤之后，进行下料步骤。首先，使定位挡板和吸风平台停止工作，将取料机构向下旋转90°，使吸盘面向最终产品；第一真空装置启动，使最终产品牢固地吸附在取料机构上；接着，如图14所示，将取料机构23向上旋转90°，使取料机构的吸盘面向料架方向，并沿支架13横向向右移动机械手，此时机械手2与第二料架大致沿纵向方向（即图14中前后方向）对齐；工作平台12向后移动至机械手附近，第一真空装置停止工作，吸盘松开最终产品，使最终产品放置于第二料架中。
由此完成整个自动上下料过程，在本实施例中，第一料架和第二料架中均能容纳四十片产品，故本数控机床一次性可重复四十次上述自动上下料过程，实现对四十片产品的自动上下料加工。
可以理解的是，本实施例的数控机床还包括加工程序载体，该加工程序载体包括G代码程序，通过G代码程序实现刀具、工作台、机械手臂、取料机构的相对运动轨迹。另外，本实施例中的工作驱动机构和数控机构均可采用现有技术实现，在此不再一一赘述。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种基于机械手进行全自动上下料的数控机床，其特征在于：所述数控机床包括数控机床主体，以及分别独立设置在所述数控机床主体上的料架、吸风平台以及机械手，所述数控机床还包括分别电性连接所述数控机床主体和所述机械手的工作驱动机构，其中：
    所述机械手用于在所述工作驱动机构的驱动下将所述料架放置的待加工产品按第一预设移动轨迹移放至所述吸风平台进行吸附；所述数控机床主体用于在所述工作驱动机构的驱动下对所述吸风平台吸附的所述待加工产品进行加工以获得最终产品；以及，所述机械手用于将所述最终产品按第二移动轨迹移放至所述料架中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述数控机床还包括分别电性连接所述数控机床主体和所述机械手的数控机构。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述数控机床主体包括机床围壳以及被所述机床围壳合围的工作台，所述料架、所述吸风平台分别设置在所述工作台上的不同位置处；在所述工作台上方还设有支架，所述机械手设置在所述支架上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述机床围壳由前侧板、后侧板、左侧板、右侧板和底板围合而成，所述工作台沿水平方向设置，所述支架沿其自身长度方向延伸的两端分别固定搭接在所述机床围壳的左侧板和右侧板的上边缘处，使所述支架横跨设置在所述工作台上方；所述工作台朝向靠近前侧板或远离前侧板的方向来回移动；所述机械手沿所述支架的长度方向移动。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的数控机床，其特征在于：在所述支架和所述机械手之间还设有加工部件，所述加工部件沿所述支架长度方向移动，所述机械手固设在所述加工部件上，随所述加工部件沿所述支架长度方向移动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述机械手包括固设在所述加工部件上的面板、固设在所述面板上的手臂主体以及位于所述手臂主体下端且与所述手臂主体铰接的取料机构，所述取料机构相对于所述手臂主体转动，使所述机械手实现在所述料架与所述吸风平台的位置处抓取产品。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述取料机构包括取料面板、设于所述取料面板上表面的连接件以及固设于所述取料面板下表面的取放结构，其中，所述连接件上设有使转轴穿过的开孔，使所述连接件与所述手臂主体铰接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述取放结构为吸盘或爪型结构。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述数控机床还包括设在所述工作台上表面靠近所述机床围壳前侧板区域的料架框，所述料架设置在所述料架框内。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述料架框是由若干支撑条围合形成的矩形料架框，且在所述料架框内还设有与所述支撑条横向或纵向搭接的加固杆和/或加固条，用于稳固所述料架框的结构；在所述料架框与所述工作台上表面之间还设有固定条，所述固定条一端固定连接所述料架框，另一端固定连接所述工作台上表面，使所述料架框固定在所述工作台上表面。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述料架包括用于放置产品的第一料架和用于放置加工后产品的第二料架，任一所述料架包括相对设置且平行于所述机床围壳前侧板的两个侧板以及设于两所述侧板之间的定位条，所述侧板贴近所述料架框边缘设置，所述定位条沿长度方向延伸的两端分别固接于两所述侧板上，且所述定位条的一侧边设有凹槽结构，用于卡固放置于所述定位条中的产品。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述定位条包括相对而设的第一定位条和第二定位条、相对而设的第三定位条和第四定位条；所述第一定位条和所述第二定位条位于所述料架中靠上的位置，且所述第一定位条设有所述凹槽结构的侧边与所述第二定位条设有所述凹槽结构的侧边相对设置，形成用于卡固产品的卡槽；所述第三定位条和所述第四定位条位于所述料架中靠下的位置，且所述第三定位条设有凹槽结构的侧边与所述第四定位条设有凹槽结构的侧边均向上设置，形成用于卡固产品的卡槽。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述凹槽结构为锯齿、弧形凹槽或矩形凹槽中的一种或几种的组合。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述吸风平台是由若干侧面板和顶面板围合形成的壳体，在所述吸风平台顶面设有圆形开孔，所述圆形开孔连接抽真空管。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的数控机床，其特征在于：所述数控机床还包括与所述吸风平台移动连接的定位挡板，所述定位挡板包括第一定位挡板、第二定位挡板以及用于连接所述第一定位挡板、所述第二定位挡板、所述吸风平台的连接部件，所述第一定位挡板与所述第二定位挡板相邻设置，形成用于对产品定位的夹角。
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CN114147600A (zh) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-08 深圳市中科智联数控设备有限公司 一种带自动上下料的数控机床及其使用方法
CN114474216A (zh) * 2022-02-12 2022-05-13 福建工程学院 一种塑胶工件的全自动冲孔设备及其控制方法
CN114822601B (zh) * 2022-04-07 2023-10-17 联宝(合肥)电子科技有限公司 自动拷贝机
CN114822601A (zh) * 2022-04-07 2022-07-29 联宝(合肥)电子科技有限公司 自动拷贝机

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