WO2016017196A1 - Filtre de filtration et procédé de traitement - Google Patents

Filtre de filtration et procédé de traitement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016017196A1
WO2016017196A1 PCT/JP2015/055443 JP2015055443W WO2016017196A1 WO 2016017196 A1 WO2016017196 A1 WO 2016017196A1 JP 2015055443 W JP2015055443 W JP 2015055443W WO 2016017196 A1 WO2016017196 A1 WO 2016017196A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
filtration
needle
structures
particles
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PCT/JP2015/055443
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
深谷　太郎
靖崇 菊池
伊知郎 山梨
泰造 内村
忍 茂庭
徳介 早見
大介 堀川
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株式会社東芝
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Publication of WO2016017196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016017196A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a filter for filtration and a processing method.
  • a method for separating and removing water-insoluble matter and impurity particles contained in water include a membrane separation method, a centrifugal separation method, an activated carbon adsorption method, an ozone treatment method, and a method for removing suspended solids by adding a flocculant.
  • SS particles suspended substances
  • a filter having various forms of membranes and filter media. Pass through to separate SS particles from water.
  • typical filtration mechanisms there are mechanisms called surface filtration, depth filtration (depth filtration), and cake filtration.
  • Surface filtration is a mechanism for receiving SS particles contained in water at the surface of the filter when water passes through the filter.
  • Surface filtration mainly captures SS particles that are larger than the pores of the filter.
  • a surface filtration mechanism is mainly used.
  • Deep-layer filtration is a mechanism that utilizes the fact that SS particles contained in water adhere not only to the surface of the filter but also to the inner surface of the pores when the water passes through the filter.
  • depth filtration particles that are mainly smaller than the pores of the filter are trapped.
  • a mechanism of depth filtration is used.
  • Cake filtration is a mechanism in which when water passes through a filter, SS particles contained in the water are captured by the filter to form a cake, and this cake functions as a filter. Cake filtration captures SS particles that are even smaller than depth filtration.
  • a surface filtration mechanism is mainly used.
  • a mechanism of deep layer filtration if a mechanism of deep layer filtration is used, particles smaller than the pores of the filter can be captured, the filter is less likely to be clogged, and the amount of water flow can be easily secured.
  • a filter provided with a wire mesh it is difficult to secure a contact area between the filter and water containing SS particles, and thus there is a case where a mechanism of depth filtration cannot be used.
  • a problem to be solved by the present invention is a filtration filter that can capture SS particles in a liquid to be treated by using a depth filtration mechanism and a cake filtration mechanism, and can maintain a filtration flow rate even after shifting to cake filtration. And providing a processing method.
  • the filter for filtration of an embodiment is provided with a filter base material and a plurality of needle-like structures formed in the surface of the filter base material.
  • the number of the needle-like structures per unit area of the filter substrate is 1.2 to 10.0 / ⁇ m 2 .
  • FIG. 2 The plane schematic diagram which shows the filter for filtration of 1st Embodiment. It is the cross-sectional schematic diagram which expanded and showed a part of filter 1 for filtration shown in FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of a cross section of the filter for filtration of Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of the surface of the filter for filtration of Example 1. It is a microscope picture of the cross section of the filter for filtration of Example 1 after passing a to-be-processed liquid.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a filter for filtration according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of the filter 1 for filtration shown in FIG.
  • the filtration filter 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a filter after a liquid to be treated containing SS particles is passed through to capture a certain amount of SS particles.
  • the filter 1 for filtration shown in FIG. 1 has a filter base 6 and a plating layer 3 formed on the surface of the filter base 6 by electroplating or the like.
  • the filter base 6 is formed of a wire mesh formed of the wire 2 and a base layer 4 formed on the surface of the wire 2.
  • the plating layer 3 is formed of a plurality of needle-like structures 5.
  • the wire 2 is twilled to form a mesh.
  • the plurality of through holes 8 are regularly formed in the filter 1 for filtration.
  • a cake 7 shown in FIG. 2 is formed in the vicinity of the through hole 8 of the filter 1 for filtration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 so as to block the through hole 8.
  • the cake 7 is formed of SS particles captured by the filter 1 for filtration.
  • the cake 7 functions as a filter that captures the SS particles in the liquid to be processed and separates the SS particles from the liquid to be processed.
  • the hole diameter of the through hole 8 is preferably in the range of 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the hole diameter of the through hole 8 is 0.5 ⁇ m or more, the filtration flow rate of the filtration filter 1 is easily secured.
  • the hole diameter of the through hole 8 is 10 ⁇ m or less, the cake 7 is easily formed in the vicinity of the through hole 8 so as to close the through hole 8.
  • the hole diameter of the through-hole 8 of the filter 1 for filtration is measured by the method shown below. First, the through-hole 8 of the filter 1 for filtration is image
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the through-hole 8 extends substantially parallel to the vertical direction and the two filter base materials 6 on which the plating layer 3 is formed, and the surface extends substantially parallel to the horizontal direction. It has a substantially rectangular inner surface shape surrounded by two filter base materials 6 on which the plating layer 3 is formed.
  • the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are substantially orthogonal.
  • the shortest distance in the vertical direction and the shortest distance in the horizontal direction on the inner surface of the substantially rectangular through hole 8 are measured, and the dimension of the shorter distance is defined as the hole diameter of the through hole 8. This distance is the distance between the tips of the needle-like structures 5.
  • one of the dimensions is the hole diameter of the through hole 8. In this way, the diameter of the through hole 8 is measured at four or more locations, and the average value is defined as the diameter of the through hole 8 of the filter 1 for filtration.
  • the material of the wire 2 a material that can be used in the liquid to be treated that is filtered using the filter 1 for filtration is used.
  • the material of the wire 2 is preferably a metal so that the plating layer 3 or the plating layer 3 and the base layer 4 can be easily formed using a plating process.
  • the metal used for the wire 2 for example, iron, nickel, copper, and alloys thereof are preferably used.
  • the wire 2 it is preferable to use a stainless steel wire that is excellent in corrosion resistance, low in cost, and easy to process.
  • the underlayer 4 is provided as necessary in order to improve the adhesion of the plating layer 3 to the wire 2.
  • a material used for the underlayer 4 for example, when the plating layer 3 made of a nickel alloy is formed on the surface of the wire 2, it is preferable to use nickel or a nickel alloy.
  • the nickel alloy include an alloy containing one or more elements selected from boron, phosphorus, and zinc.
  • the thickness of the foundation layer 4 is set to be equal to or greater than the thickness that can improve the adhesion of the plating layer 3 to the wire 2.
  • the thickness of the base layer 4 is set to a thickness in which the hole diameter of the through hole 8 is a size suitable for passing the liquid to be processed containing SS particles through the filter 1 for filtration.
  • the plating layer 3 in the present embodiment is a composite made up of a plurality of needle-like structures 5 gathered on the surface of the underlayer 4 as shown in FIG.
  • a base portion 5 a that is a region closer to the wire 2 than the base end 53 a of each needle-like structure 5 is integrated with a base portion 5 a of another adjacent needle-like structure 5.
  • the base 5 a of the needle-like structure 5 is continuously formed on the surface of the foundation layer 4.
  • Each needle-like structure 5 has, for example, a polygonal pyramid shape or a conical shape.
  • Each needle-like structure 5 having such a conical shape has a tapered shape from the proximal end 53a toward the distal end 52 as shown in FIG.
  • a valley 53 is formed between adjacent needle-like structures 5, whose width becomes narrower as it approaches the base end 53 a in a cross-sectional view.
  • the valley 53 is formed so as to surround each needle-like structure 5 in plan view.
  • the valleys 53 that surround each needle-like structure 5 are formed so as to be connected to the valleys 53 that surround another adjacent needle-like structure 5 in plan view.
  • SS particles captured from the liquid to be treated are attached to some of the plurality of needle-like structures 5.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ) of the filter substrate 6 is 1.2 to 10.0 / ⁇ m 2 . If the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ) is less than the above range, the contact area between the filter 1 for filtration and the liquid to be treated containing SS particles is insufficient, and the depth filtration mechanism is used. SS particles in the treatment liquid are difficult to be captured.
  • the SS particles are hardly captured by the needle-like structures 5, so that the cake 7 is hardly formed.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ) exceeds the above range, SS particles are hardly removed from the needle-like structures 5 even if washing is performed, and the detergency becomes insufficient. .
  • the filter 1 for filtration has the outstanding removal function which can capture
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area is preferably 3.0 or more per ⁇ m 2 in order to obtain a filter 1 having a higher function of removing SS particles.
  • the space 31 functions as a flow path through which the cake-filtered processing liquid flows when the cake 7 is formed.
  • the filter that does not have the needle-like structure 5 only the treatment liquid that has passed through the cake 7 on the through hole 8 passes through the through hole 8, whereas in the filter 1 for filtration, other than the cake 7 on the through hole 8.
  • the treatment liquid that has passed through the cake 7 also passes through the through hole 8 through the space 31.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area is preferably 7.0 / ⁇ m 2 or less in order to obtain an excellent filtration filter 1 having a larger filtration flow rate.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ) of the filter substrate 6 is measured by the following method.
  • the filter for filtration is observed with an electron microscope, and the number of apexes of the needle-like structure existing in a square having a length of 2 ⁇ m, a width of 2 ⁇ m, and an area of 4 ⁇ m 2 is measured at four points. Then, the number of apexes of the needle-like structures measured at four locations is averaged, and the number of needle-like structures per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ) is calculated.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit length (1 ⁇ m) in the cross section of the filter base 6 is 1.0 to 4.0 pieces / ⁇ m.
  • the contact area between the filter 1 for filtration and the liquid to be treated containing SS particles is insufficient, and the mechanism of depth filtration This makes it difficult to capture SS particles in the liquid to be treated.
  • the number of the needle-like structures 5 per unit length (1 ⁇ m) exceeds the above range, the valleys 53 formed between the adjacent needle-like structures 5 and the plating layer 3 are formed. Since the space 31 surrounded by the cake 7 is narrowed, the filtration flow rate may be reduced.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit length is 1.0 / ⁇ m or more
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area is 1.2 / ⁇ m 2 or more.
  • an excellent removal function capable of capturing SS particles can be obtained by using a mechanism of depth filtration and a mechanism of cake filtration.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit length is preferably 1.5 / ⁇ m or more in order to obtain a filter 1 having a higher SS particle removing function.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit length is 4.0 / ⁇ m or less
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area is 10.0 / ⁇ m 2 or less.
  • the gap between the adjacent needle-like structures 5 is prevented from becoming too narrow.
  • the space 31 surrounded by the trough 53 formed between the adjacent needle-like structures 5 and the cake 7 formed on the plating layer 3 has a sufficient width, and the filtration flow rate is high.
  • a large filtration filter 1 can be obtained.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit length is preferably 3.0 pieces / ⁇ m or less in order to obtain a filtration filter 1 having a larger filtration flow rate.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit length (1 ⁇ m) in the cross section of the filter substrate 6 is measured by the following method.
  • the filter 1 for filtration is fixed with an embedding resin, cut perpendicularly to the surface of the filter substrate, the cut surface is smoothed by ion milling, and photographed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thereafter, the number of needle-like structures per 10 ⁇ m is measured along the substantially extending direction of the surface of the filter base material in the photograph of the photographed cross section of the filter base material. Then, the number of needle-like structures per unit length (1 ⁇ m) is calculated from the measured number of needle-like structures.
  • the average height H of the needle-like structure 5 and the average width D of the base end portion in the cross section of the filter base 6 are obtained by measuring the dimensions of the following parts by the measurement method shown below. is there.
  • valleys 53 are formed between adjacent needle-like structures 5 in the cross section of the filter base 6.
  • the base ends 53 a and 53 a that are the valley bottoms facing each other with the needle-like structure 5 interposed therebetween are connected by a straight line 51, and the length of the straight line 51 is the base end of the needle-like structure 5.
  • the shortest distance between the tip 52 of the needle-like structure 5 and the straight line 51 is defined as the heights H1 and H2 of the needle-like structure 5.
  • the dimensions of the following parts are indicated by needle-like structures.
  • the heights H3 and H4 of the structures 57 and 58 and the widths D3 and D4 of the base ends of the needle-like structures 57 and 58 were used.
  • a straight line 54 connects the base ends 53a and 53a, which are valley bottoms facing each other across the needle-like structure 59 in which the needle-like structures 57 and 58 are integrated.
  • a perpendicular line 56 is drawn from the bottom of the valley 55 between the two needle-like structures 57 and 58 toward the straight line 54.
  • the distances from the intersection of the perpendicular 56 and the straight line 54 to the base ends 53a and 53a are defined as the widths D3 and D4 of the base ends of the needle-like structures 57 and 58, respectively.
  • the shortest distances between the tips 52a and 52b of the needle-like structures 57 and 58 and the straight line 54 are defined as heights H3 and H4 of the needle-like structures 57 and 58, respectively.
  • the length of the perpendicular 56 is less than 3/4 of the heights H3 and H4 of the needle-like structures 57 and 58, it is regarded as two independent needle-like structures.
  • the reference that the two needle-like structures 57 and 58 are integrated is a case other than the case where the two needle-like structures are regarded as independent.
  • the filter 1 for filtration is fixed by embedding resin and cut, and the cut surface is polished by ion milling.
  • the image is taken using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • a range of 10 ⁇ m in length along the substantially extending direction of the surface of the filter substrate in the enlarged photograph of the cross-section of the photographed filter substrate 6 is defined as one measurement region, and all the above-described ones existing in four measurement regions.
  • the height of the needle-like structure 5 and the width of the base end are measured.
  • the average value of the measured heights of the four needle-like structures 5 is defined as an average height H of the needle-like structures 5.
  • the average value of the widths of the base end portions of the four needle-like structures 5 measured is defined as the average width D of the base end portions of the needle-like structures 5.
  • the variation coefficient of the height of the needle-like structure 5 in the cross section of the filter base 6 is preferably 0.15 to 0.50.
  • the variation coefficient is obtained by dividing the standard deviation of the height distribution of the needle-like structure 5 in the cross section of the filter base 6 described above by the arithmetic average value of the height of the needle-like structure 5.
  • the coefficient of variation is in the range of 0.15 to 0.50, it is possible to obtain a filter 1 for filtration that is further excellent in SS particle removal function and cleanability.
  • the variation coefficient is less than 0.15, the flow of the liquid to be treated containing SS particles on the surface of the filter 1 for filtration is monotonous when the liquid to be treated containing SS particles is passed through the filter 1 for filtration.
  • the SS particles are hardly captured by the needle-like structure 5. Further, when the coefficient of variation exceeds 0.50, it becomes difficult to obtain a function of supporting the cake 7 formed on the surface of the plating layer 3 by the needle-like structure 5 having a low height.
  • the coefficient of variation is 0.15 or more, the variation in the height of the needle-like structure 5 becomes sufficiently large. For this reason, when the liquid to be treated containing SS particles is passed through the filter 1 for filtration, the flow of the liquid to be treated containing SS particles on the surface of the filter 1 for filtration becomes complicated, and the needle shape is high. SS particles are easily caught on the structure 5. As a result, the SS particles are easily captured by the mechanism of the deep layer filtration, and the cake 7 is easily formed on the surface of the plating layer 3 starting from the SS particles caught by the needle-like structure 5 having a high height.
  • the coefficient of variation is preferably 0.18 or more in order to obtain a filter 1 for filtration in which SS particles are more easily captured.
  • the filter 1 for filtration is excellent in the filtration flow volume compared with the filter without a needle-like structure.
  • the coefficient of variation is preferably 0.36 or less in order to obtain a filter 1 having a higher filtration flow rate.
  • the aspect ratio H / D between the average width D and the average height H of the base end portion of the needle-like structure 5 in the cross section of the filter base 6 is preferably 0.5 to 4.0.
  • the aspect ratio H / D is 0.5 or more, the height is sufficiently high surrounded by the valleys 53 formed between the adjacent needle-like structures 5 and the cake 7 formed on the plating layer 3. A space 31 is formed. For this reason, after the cake 7 is formed by filtration, the cake-filtered treatment liquid easily flows in the space 31, and the filtration flow rate becomes excellent.
  • the aspect ratio H / D is preferably 1.0 or more in order to obtain a filtration filter 1 having a larger filtration flow rate.
  • the aspect ratio H / D is 4.0 or less, the needle-like structure 5 having excellent strength can be obtained, so that the filter 1 for filtration having excellent durability can be obtained.
  • the aspect ratio H / D is preferably 3.0 or less in order to obtain a filter 1 having further excellent durability.
  • the average height H of the needle-like structures 5 in the cross section of the filter substrate 6 is preferably 0.2 to 2.5 ⁇ m.
  • the average height H of the needle-like structures 5 is 0.2 ⁇ m or more, the valleys 53 formed between the adjacent needle-like structures 5 and the cake 7 formed on the plating layer 3 A sufficiently high space 31 surrounded is formed. For this reason, after the cake is formed at the time of filtration, the cake-filtered processing liquid easily flows in the space 31, and the filtration flow rate becomes excellent.
  • the average height H of the needle-like structure 5 is preferably 0.4 ⁇ m or more in order to obtain the filter 1 for filtration having a further excellent filtration flow rate.
  • the filter 1 for filtration excellent in the filtration flow volume by which the space 31 was fully ensured can be obtained similarly to the case where it is 10.0 piece / micrometer ⁇ 2 > or less.
  • the average height H of the needle-like structure 5 is preferably 1.8 ⁇ m or less in order to make the filter 1 for filtration having a further excellent filtration flow rate.
  • the relationship between the average width D of the base end portion of the needle-like structure 5 in the cross section of the filter base 6 and the average particle diameter b (SS particle average particle diameter D 50 ) of the substance to be removed is b / D ⁇ 0. .33 is preferably satisfied.
  • the b / D is 0.33 or more, it becomes difficult for the SS particles to enter the vicinity of the valley bottom of the valley 53 formed between the adjacent needle-like structures 5. Therefore, a wide space 31 surrounded by the valleys 53 and the cake 7 formed on the plating layer 3 is easily formed. Accordingly, the cake-filtered treatment liquid easily flows in the space 31, and the filtration filter 1 is excellent in filtration flow rate.
  • the b / D is preferably 0.50 or more in order to obtain a filter 1 having a higher filtration flow rate.
  • the b / D is preferably 3.00 or less.
  • the SS particles are more easily caught between the adjacent needle-like structures 5.
  • the b / D is more preferably 2.00 or less in order to obtain a filter 1 for filtration in which SS particles are more easily captured.
  • the average particle diameter b is measured by a laser diffraction method. Specifically, it can be measured by a SALD-DS21 type measuring device (trade name) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
  • a metal capable of depositing the plurality of needle-like structures 5 on the surface of the filter base 6 by a process such as electroplating is used.
  • a metal capable of depositing the plurality of needle-like structures 5 on the surface of the filter base 6 by a process such as electroplating.
  • a metal include iron, nickel, copper, and alloys thereof.
  • nickel or a nickel alloy is particularly preferably used as the metal used for the plating layer 3 because it is easy to control the shape of the needle-like structure 5 and has excellent corrosion resistance.
  • the nickel alloy include an alloy containing one or more elements selected from boron, phosphorus, and zinc.
  • the manufacturing method of the filter 1 for filtration shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is demonstrated.
  • a wire 2 that is twilled and formed into a mesh shape is prepared.
  • the base layer 4 is formed on the entire surface of the wire 2 using a plating process.
  • a plating process for forming the underlayer 4 a conventionally known method can be used.
  • the nickel is plated by electrolytic nickel plating or electroless nickel plating.
  • a plurality of needle-like structures 5 are deposited on the base layer 4 provided on the entire surface of the wire 2 by electroplating.
  • the wire 2 is covered with the plating layer 3 via the base layer 4.
  • the electroplating process for forming the plating layer 3 a conventionally known method can be used.
  • an additive is added to the plating bath after the formation of the underlayer 4 to continuously perform electrolytic nickel plating treatment or electroless nickel plating. It is preferable to form the plating layer 3 by performing the treatment.
  • the shape and size of the needle-like structures 5 can be changed by changing the type, concentration, and plating time of the additive added to the plating bath.
  • the additive include ethylenediamine dihydrochloride and ethylenediamine (EDA).
  • the surface of the plating layer 3 is made of another metal or organic matter in order to improve the durability of the filter for filtration. Another coating layer may be formed.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 a treatment method for removing SS particles in the liquid to be treated using the filter 1 for filtration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.
  • SS particles are first captured by the mechanism of surface filtration and depth filtration. Since the filtration filter 1 has a plurality of needle-like structures 5 at a predetermined density, the contact area between the filtration filter 1 and the liquid to be treated containing SS particles is large.
  • the SS particles adhered to the surface of the needle-like structure 5 by the surface filtration and depth filtration mechanisms are used as a starting point, and the SS particles are rapidly removed at a plurality of locations on the surface of the plating layer 3. Aggregates are formed.
  • the formed aggregate grows and peels by continuing the passage of the liquid to be treated containing SS particles to the filter 1 for filtration, and moves toward the through hole 8 together with the liquid to be treated containing SS particles. .
  • the one or more aggregates that have moved to the through-hole 8 become a cake 7 that blocks the through-hole 8.
  • the surface filtration mechanism but also the depth filtration mechanism and the cake filtration mechanism can be used to remove small SS particles in the liquid to be treated. Therefore, excellent filtration performance can be obtained.
  • the filter 1 for filtration has the trough 53 between the adjacent acicular structures 5 as shown in FIG. In the valley 53, the width becomes narrower as it approaches the base end 53a that is the bottom of the valley in a cross-sectional view. For this reason, the SS particles captured by the filtration filter 1 are unlikely to enter the vicinity of the base end 53 a of the valley 53. Therefore, in the filter 1 for filtration in which the cake 7 is formed on the surface of the plating layer 3, a sufficiently large space 31 surrounded by the valley 53 and the cake 7 is formed as shown in FIG. After the space 31 is formed, the upper part of the space 31 is covered with the lid formed by the cake 7 even if the liquid to be treated containing SS particles is further passed through the filter 1 for filtration. Therefore, SS particles are difficult to enter the space 31. Therefore, if the liquid to be treated containing SS particles is continuously passed to the filter 1 for filtration, further SS particles are deposited on the cake 7.
  • cleaning is performed when the filter 1 for filtration captures a certain amount of SS particles.
  • the timing for performing the cleaning is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to the amount of SS particles contained in the liquid to be processed that is allowed to pass through the filter 1 for filtration.
  • the cleaning is performed by passing the cleaning liquid through the filtering filter 1 in the direction opposite to the direction in which the liquid to be treated containing SS particles is passed (backwashing), or by flowing the cleaning liquid over the surface of the filtering filter 1.
  • the cleaning liquid flows into the space 31 from multiple directions via the valleys 53 formed so as to surround each needle-like structure 5. Accordingly, the cake 7 formed so as to cover at least a part of the upper portion of the valley 53 is pushed up by the cleaning liquid, and the peeling of the cake 7 is promoted. Further, the needle-like structure 5 of the water filtration filter 1 has a tapered shape from the base end 53 a toward the tip 52. For this reason, the cake 7 pushed up by the cleaning liquid is easily peeled off from the filter 1 for water filtration.
  • the needle-like structure 5 has a tapered shape, SS particles adhering to the needle-like structure 5 are not easily caught in the valleys 53 during backwashing, and are easily separated from the needle-like structure 5. The Therefore, in the treatment method of the present embodiment, the SS particles deposited on the water filtration filter 1 are quickly removed by backwashing. By performing backwashing, the water filtration filter 1 is regenerated.
  • the filter 1 for filtration of the embodiment has a filter base 6 and a plurality of needle-like structures 5 formed on the surface of the filter base 6.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ) of the filter base 6 is 1.2 to 10.0 / ⁇ m 2
  • the filter base 6 The number of the acicular structures per unit length (1 ⁇ m) in the cross section is 1.0 to 4.0 / ⁇ m.
  • the filter 1 for filtration of embodiment has the outstanding removal function which can capture
  • the cake 7 is formed by passing the liquid to be treated containing SS particles, and then the valley 53 and the cake 7 formed between the needle-like structures 5. A sufficiently large space 31 surrounded by is formed. Therefore, the filter 1 for filtration of embodiment is excellent in the filtration flow rate.
  • the filter 1 for filtration of the embodiment has a plurality of needle-like structures 5 formed on the surface of the filter base 6, so that there is no space between the filter base 6 and the needle-like structures 5. For this reason, for example, compared with the case where the space exists between the filter base material 6 and the needle-like structure 5, the needle-like structure 5 is less likely to fall off, and the filter 1 for filtration having excellent durability. Can be obtained. In addition, since there is no space between the filter base 6 and the needle-like structure 5, the SS particles in the liquid to be treated are not clogged in the space between the filter base 6 and the needle-like structure 5. . Therefore, the filter 1 for filtration is easy to wash.
  • the SS base material is washed by washing as compared with the case where the filter base material is a nonwoven fabric. Can be easily removed, and cleaning can be performed in a short time.
  • the number of needle-like structures 5 per unit area of the filter base 6 is 1.2 to 10.0 / ⁇ m 2 , and per unit length in the cross section of the filter base 6
  • the filter for filtration in which the base layer 4 is provided between the wire 2 and the plating layer 3 has been described as an example, but the base layer may not be provided.
  • the case where the wire 2 is twilled to form a mesh has been described as an example.
  • the shape of the wire 2 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a plain weave or a tatami weave. May be.
  • the filter 1 for filtration has a filter base material and a plurality of needle-like structures formed on the surface of the filter base material, and per unit area of the filter base material.
  • the number of needle-like structures is 1.2 to 10.0 / ⁇ m 2 . Therefore, it is possible to capture the SS particles in the liquid to be treated by using the depth filtration mechanism and the cake filtration mechanism, and it is possible to obtain a filtration filter having a large filtration flow rate.
  • Example 1 A stainless steel plain weave wire mesh (aperture 45 ⁇ m, wire diameter 32 ⁇ m) was prepared. This was immersed in a plating bath containing phosphorus, zinc and nickel and subjected to electroless nickel plating. As a result, a wire mesh formed of stainless steel wire was covered with a base layer made of a nickel zinc alloy. Thereafter, boric acid and ethylenediamine (EDA) as an additive were added to the plating bath in which the underlayer was formed, and an electroless nickel plating process was performed. By this, the plating layer which coat
  • EDA ethylenediamine
  • the surface of the filter for filtration of Example 1 was observed with an electron microscope, and it was confirmed whether or not a needle-like structure was formed on the surface. As a result, it was confirmed that a plurality of needle-like structures were formed on the surface.
  • the filter for filtration of Example 1 the hole diameter of the through hole, the number of needle-like structures per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ), the number of needle-like structures per unit length (1 ⁇ m) in the cross section, Variation coefficient of height, average width D (nm) of the base end portion of the needle-like structure in the cross section, average height H ( ⁇ m) of the needle-like structure in the cross section, aspect of the average width D and the average height H
  • Table 1 The relationship b / D between the ratio H / D, the average width D, and the average particle diameter b of the substance to be removed was examined by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 also shows the number of needle-like structures per 10 ⁇ m and the average particle diameter (D 50 ) b ( ⁇ m) of the substance to be removed.
  • FIG. 3 is a photomicrograph of the cross section of the filter for filtration of Example 1.
  • the photograph shown in FIG. 3 is a photograph taken using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) after the filter for filtration of Example 1 is fixed with an embedded resin and cut, and the cut surface is polished.
  • FIG. 3 shows a part of the measurement results used for calculating the average height H of the needle-like structure and the average width D of the base end in the cross section of the filter substrate.
  • the distance indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 3 indicates the height of each of the needle-like structures 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.
  • the distance shown with the continuous line in FIG. 3 shows the width
  • the acicular structure 14 and the acicular structure 15 shown in FIG. 3 are obtained by integrating two acicular structures.
  • FIG. 4 is a photomicrograph of the surface of the filter for filtration of Example 1.
  • FIG. The square frame shown in FIG. 4 shows a range of 2 ⁇ m in length, 2 ⁇ m in width, and 4 ⁇ m 2 in area. Moreover, the point in the square frame in FIG. 4 has shown the position of the vertex of the measured acicular structure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a result of measuring the number of apexes of the needle-like structure existing in two squares among the four places where the number of apexes of the needle-like structure was measured.
  • the filter for filtration of Example 1 was fixed to a filter as a membrane for filtration, and formed with water containing 100 mg / L of alumina particles (Bycalox CR0.1) having an average particle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m as SS particles.
  • Slurry (turbidity 266 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit)) was prepared as a liquid to be treated. The liquid to be treated was passed through the filter at a pressure of 0.1 MPa.
  • FIG. 5 is a photomicrograph of the cross section of the filter for filtration of Example 1 after passing the liquid to be treated (turbidity 266 NTU).
  • the photograph shown in FIG. 5 shows a scanning electron microscope (SEM) after filtering the filter for Example 1 after passing the liquid to be treated, fixing it with an embedding resin and cutting it, polishing the cut surface with ion milling. ) Was used to shoot.
  • the center of the photograph shown in FIG. 5 is the through hole of the filter for filtration.
  • a cake was formed in the filtration filter of Example 1 after passing the liquid to be treated so as to close the through hole.
  • the filtration filter of Example 1 after passing the liquid to be treated has a space surrounded by valleys and cakes formed between adjacent needle-like structures. Was formed.
  • Example 1-2 to 1-4 The evaluation of the filtration performance for the filtration filter of Example 1 was replaced with alumina particles having an average particle size of 0.1 ⁇ m as SS particles in the liquid to be treated, and an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m (Example 1-2), 1 This was carried out using a slurry formed of water containing alumina particles of 0.0 ⁇ m (Example 1-3) or 3.0 ⁇ m (Example 1-4). The results are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the evaluation of the filtration performance of Examples 1-2 to 1-4 was “ ⁇ ”.
  • Example 2 A filter for filtration shown in Table 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the underlayer was adjusted. The surface of the filter for filtration of Example 2 was observed with an electron microscope, and it was confirmed whether or not a needle-like structure was formed on the surface. As a result, it was confirmed that a plurality of needle-like structures were formed on the surface.
  • Examples 3 to 7 A filter for filtration shown in Table 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the addition amount of EDA and the plating time in the electroless nickel plating treatment were changed.
  • the surface of the filter for filtration of Examples 3 to 7 was observed with an electron microscope to confirm whether or not a needle-like structure was formed on the surface. As a result, it was confirmed that a plurality of needle-like structures were formed on the surface.
  • Comparative Example 1 In the plating bath, an electroless nickel plating treatment was performed so that the wire diameter of the wire covered with the plating layer was equal to that in Example 1 without adding an additive. This obtained the filter for filtration of the comparative example 1. When the filter for filtration of the comparative example 1 was observed with the electron microscope, the surface was flat and the acicular structure was not formed.
  • Example 1 For the filtration filters of Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Example 1, the diameters of the through holes were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 For the filtration filters of Examples 2 to 7, in the same manner as in Example 1, the number of needle-like structures per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ), the number of needle-like structures per unit length (1 ⁇ m) in the cross section, and the needle-like structure Variation coefficient of the height of the object, average width D (nm) of the base end of the needle-like structure in the cross section, average height H ( ⁇ m) of the needle-like structure in the cross section, average width D and average height H The relationship b / D between the aspect ratio H / D, the average width D, and the average particle diameter b of the substance to be removed was examined. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 1 Using the filtration filters of Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Example 1, the filtration performance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. The cross sections of the filtration filters of Examples 2 to 7 after passing the liquid to be treated were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, also in Examples 2 to 7, as in Example 1, a cake is formed so as to close the through hole, and a space surrounded by valleys and cakes formed between adjacent needle-like structures. It was confirmed that was formed.
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the number of acicular structures per unit area (1 ⁇ m 2 ) is 1.2 to 10.0 / ⁇ m 2
  • the number of acicular structures per unit length in the cross section is 1.0 to
  • all the evaluation results of the filtration performance were “ ⁇ ”.
  • the evaluation result of the filtration performance was “x”.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, un filtre de filtration comprend un matériau de base de filtre, et une pluralité de structures en forme d'aiguille formée sur la surface du matériau de base du filtre, et le nombre de structures en forme d'aiguille par unité de surface du matériau de base du filtre est de 1,2-10,0/μm2.
PCT/JP2015/055443 2014-08-01 2015-02-25 Filtre de filtration et procédé de traitement WO2016017196A1 (fr)

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JPH058311B2 (fr) * 1986-10-24 1993-02-01 Tokai Rika Co Ltd
JP2006219318A (ja) * 2005-02-09 2006-08-24 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology セラミックフィルター及びその製造方法
JP2008180206A (ja) * 2006-12-27 2008-08-07 Hitachi Metal Precision:Kk フィルタ部材およびその製造方法

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JP2014093185A (ja) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-19 Asahi Kasei Corp 微生物燃料電池用電極
JP6203145B2 (ja) * 2014-08-01 2017-09-27 株式会社東芝 濾過用フィルター

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH058311B2 (fr) * 1986-10-24 1993-02-01 Tokai Rika Co Ltd
JP2006219318A (ja) * 2005-02-09 2006-08-24 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology セラミックフィルター及びその製造方法
JP2008180206A (ja) * 2006-12-27 2008-08-07 Hitachi Metal Precision:Kk フィルタ部材およびその製造方法

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