WO2016006373A1 - エッチング剤および補給液 - Google Patents
エッチング剤および補給液 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016006373A1 WO2016006373A1 PCT/JP2015/066299 JP2015066299W WO2016006373A1 WO 2016006373 A1 WO2016006373 A1 WO 2016006373A1 JP 2015066299 W JP2015066299 W JP 2015066299W WO 2016006373 A1 WO2016006373 A1 WO 2016006373A1
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- etching agent
- steel material
- acid
- resin
- etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/28—Acidic compositions for etching iron group metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/088—Iron or steel solutions containing organic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an etching agent for steel and its replenisher.
- Patent Document 1 in order to improve the adhesion between a steel material and an adherend such as a fiber reinforced plastic, the steel material is roughened by etching with a non-oxidizing strong acid aqueous solution, A method of adhering to a dressing has been proposed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides an etching agent for a steel material that can improve the adhesion between the steel material and the adherend, and a replenisher thereof.
- the etching agent of the present invention is an etching agent for steel materials, and is an acidic aqueous solution containing ferrous ions, ferric ions, and an acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound.
- the etching agent has a ratio of ferrous ion content to ferric ion content within a predetermined range.
- the replenisher of the present invention is a replenisher added to the etchant when the etchant of the present invention is used continuously or repeatedly, and is an aqueous solution containing an acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound.
- the steel material When the steel material is treated with the etching agent of the present invention, a fine uneven shape suitable for adhesion to the adherend is uniformly formed on the surface of the steel material.
- the steel material treated with the etching agent of the present invention is excellent in adhesion to an adherend such as a resin.
- the etching agent for steel materials of the present invention is an acidic aqueous solution containing ferrous ions, ferric ions, and an acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound.
- each component contained in the etching agent of the present invention will be described.
- ferric ion is a component which oxidizes steel materials, and can be contained in an etching agent by mix
- the ferric ion source is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, ferric hydroxide, and iron (III) ammonium sulfate. , Or a combination of two or more.
- ferric ion sources ferric sulfate, ferric hydroxide, and iron (III) ammonium sulfate are preferable from the viewpoint of maintaining the etching rate appropriately.
- the etching agent of the present invention contains ferrous ions.
- the etching agent contains ferrous ions in addition to ferric ions, fine irregularities can be formed on the surface of the steel material.
- Ferrous ions can be contained in the etching agent by blending a ferrous ion source.
- the ferrous ion source is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferrous nitrate, ferrous hydroxide, and iron (II) ammonium sulfate. , Or a combination of two or more.
- ferrous ion sources ferrous sulfate, ferrous hydroxide, and iron (II) ammonium sulfate are preferable from the viewpoint of forming fine irregularities suitable for improving adhesion, and from the viewpoint of cost reduction. .
- the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound is a component blended to uniformly form fine irregularities on the steel material surface.
- the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound is a compound having an acetylene group and is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves 0.01% by weight or more in water.
- a compound having an acetylene group and a hydrophilic group may be used. Used. Examples of the hydrophilic group include a hydroxy group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a quaternary ammonium group.
- corrugation uniformly in the steel material surface is preferable.
- the hydroxy group of the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound may be a hydroxy group of a carboxylic acid (that is, a compound containing a carboxyl group is included in a compound containing a hydroxy group).
- the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound may be a diyne compound or a triyne compound having two or more acetylene groups in one molecule, or may have two or more hydroxy groups in one molecule.
- Examples of the compound having an acetylene group and an amino group include propargylamine and N, N-diethyl-1-propyne-1-amine.
- Examples of the compound having an acetylene group and a quaternary ammonium group include N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propyne-1-aminium.
- Examples of the compound having an acetylene group and a hydroxy group include 2-butyn-1-ol, 2-pentyn-1-ol, 3-pentyn-1-ol, 3-hexyn-1-ol, and 2-hexyne.
- the etching agent of the present invention contains an acid component.
- the acid component is a component that dissolves metal (mainly ferrous ions) that is oxidized by ferric ions or the like and eluted from the steel material.
- the acid component include hydrohalic acids such as hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid), hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, sulfamic acid, and the like.
- Other inorganic acids or organic acids such as sulfonic acid and carboxylic acid can be mentioned. In this invention, these can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- inorganic acids are preferable from the viewpoint of increasing the acid concentration in the etching agent and maintaining the etching rate appropriately.
- sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, and sulfonic acid are preferable from the viewpoint of uniformly forming fine irregularities on the surface of the steel material and from the viewpoint of cost reduction.
- the etching agent of the present invention contains ferrous ions, ferric ions, an acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound, and an acid component.
- the etching agent of the present invention has an A / B value of 0.1 to 2.5 when the ferrous ion concentration is A wt% and the ferric ion concentration is B wt%. It is preferably 0.15 to 2.0, more preferably 0.2 to 1.5. If the value of the concentration ratio A / B between ferrous ions and ferric ions is within the above range, fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the steel material.
- the concentration of ferric ions in the etching agent of the present invention is preferably 0.2 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 15% by weight, still more preferably 1.0 to 10% by weight. is there. If the concentration of ferric ions is 0.2% by weight or more, the etching rate can be properly maintained. On the other hand, if the ferric ion concentration is 20% by weight or less, the dissolution stability of the ferric ion in the etching agent can be maintained, and the etching amount can be easily controlled.
- the concentration of ferrous ions is preferably 0.02 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.03 to 4% by weight, and still more preferably 0.05 to 3% by weight. If the ferrous ion concentration is 0.01% by weight or more, fine irregularities suitable for improving adhesion can be easily formed. On the other hand, if the ferrous ion concentration is 5% by weight or less, the etching rate can be properly maintained.
- the concentration of the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound is preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight, and still more preferably from the viewpoint of uniformly forming fine irregularities on the surface of the steel material. 0.05 to 1% by weight.
- concentration ratio S / B between the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound and ferric ions is preferably 0.001 to 100, and 0.01 to 10 Is more preferable, and 0.07 to 5 is even more preferable.
- the concentration of the acid component is preferably 0.02 to 1.3% by weight as hydrogen ion concentration, more preferably 0.03 to 1.0% by weight, and still more preferably 0.05 to 0.00%. 8% by weight. If the hydrogen ion concentration is 0.02% by weight or more, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the etching rate (dissolution rate) of the steel material. On the other hand, if the hydrogen ion concentration is 1.3% by weight or less, crystal precipitation of the metal salt when the liquid temperature is lowered can be prevented. Moreover, workability can be improved and cost reduction is facilitated.
- etching agent of the present invention may be added to the etching agent of the present invention as long as the effects of the present invention are not hindered.
- other components include surfactants, compounds that coordinate to metals (metal coordination compounds), and antifoaming agents.
- the other components are different from the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound described above.
- the metal coordination compound include chelating agents such as carboxylic acid chelating agents, phosphonic acid chelating agents, and amine chelating agents, nitrogen-containing compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds.
- the metal coordination compound coordinates to the metal on the surface of the steel material to suppress the elution of metal ions from the surface of the steel material, or conversely to the metal ions eluted from the surface of the steel material,
- the concavo-convex shape on the surface of the steel material can be controlled by promoting elution. Therefore, by appropriately selecting one or more metal coordination compounds, the uneven shape on the surface of the steel material can be controlled to a shape suitable for improving the adhesion to the adherend.
- the concentration is preferably about 0.01 to 10.0% by weight.
- the etching agent of the present invention can be easily prepared by dissolving each of the above components in ion exchange water or the like.
- the replenisher of the present invention is a replenisher that is added to the etchant when the etchant of the present invention is used continuously or repeatedly, and is an aqueous solution containing an acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound.
- the replenisher is an acidic aqueous solution in order to adjust the acid concentration of the etchant or to suppress fluctuations in the acid concentration.
- the replenisher of the present invention may further contain components that can be added to an etching agent such as ferrous ions and ferric ions. Each component in the replenisher is the same as the component that can be blended in the above-described etching agent of the present invention.
- the concentration of the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound in the replenisher is appropriately set according to the concentration of the acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound in the etching agent, but the effect of the etching agent of the present invention described above is stably maintained. From the viewpoint of achieving this, it is preferably about 0.01 to 7.5% by weight.
- the steel materials that can be etched by this method of use are steel materials such as carbon steel, high-tensile steel, low-temperature steel, and steel for reactors.
- SAPH hot rolled steel
- SPFH hot rolled high strength steel sheet for automobile processing
- SS material general structural rolled steel
- the steel materials referred to in the present invention are not limited to the above steel materials, but include all steel materials standardized by Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and the like.
- JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
- ISO International Organization for Standardization
- etching a steel material surface treatment.
- microetching a surface treatment of the steel material using the etching agent of the present invention, it is possible to uniformly form fine irregularities with a characteristic shape on the surface of the steel material, and to apply a resin or the like Adhesion with the body can be greatly improved.
- Preprocessing In this method of use, before the steel material is treated with the etching agent of the present invention, the surface of the steel material is subjected to a degreasing process, a sand blast process, a shot blast process, a grinding process, a barrel process, or a chemical polishing process. Etc. may be applied.
- Examples of the method for treating a steel material with the etching agent of the present invention include a method of spraying an etchant on the surface of the steel material to be treated, a method of immersing the steel material to be treated in the etchant, and the like.
- spraying it is preferable that etching is performed at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C. and a spray pressure of 0.05 to 0.3 MPa for 30 to 300 seconds.
- the temperature of the etching agent is 30 to 60 ° C. and the etching is performed for 60 to 600 seconds.
- the average etching amount (dissolution amount) in the depth direction of the steel material when using the etching agent is 0.5 to 10.0 ⁇ m when calculated from the weight, specific gravity and surface area of the dissolved steel material. It is preferably 0.75 to 8.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m. If the etching amount is 0.5 ⁇ m or more, fine irregularities having a shape suitable for improving adhesion can be easily formed. If the etching amount is 10.0 ⁇ m or less, the processing time can be shortened. The etching amount can be adjusted by the processing temperature, processing time, and the like.
- the entire surface of the steel material may be processed, or the surface of the steel material may be partially processed.
- the surface of the steel material at a joint portion with an adherend such as a resin may be selectively processed.
- the surface of the steel material after the treatment with the etching agent is increased in surface area and chemically active, there is a tendency that an oxide film is rapidly formed when it comes into contact with air. Since this oxide film may hinder the adhesion between the steel material and the resin, it is preferable to perform acid cleaning as a post-treatment for the purpose of removing the oxide film.
- the acid used at this time is not particularly limited, but when hydrochloric acid or nitric acid is used, the surface of the steel material is easily reoxidized. Therefore, the acid used for the post-treatment is preferably selected from acids other than hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. Among these, it is preferable to use polybasic acids such as phosphoric acid, malic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid from the viewpoint of preventing reoxidation.
- the steel material that has been dried in this way is degraded by re-oxidation until it is joined to the adherend such as a resin.
- the adherend such as a resin.
- the steel material after the etching treatment may be subjected to rust prevention treatment.
- the rust inhibitor used in this case generally used amines, phosphates, Water-soluble rust preventives such as nitrites, chromates and alkali metal salts of organic acids can be widely used.
- membrane is formed on the surface of steel materials, and there exists a tendency for adhesion with a to-be-adhered material to be inhibited.
- a method of packaging and storing with a rust prevention paper impregnated with a vaporizable rust inhibitor may be used.
- the steel material treated by this method of use can be used as a material for a steel material-resin composite, which will be described later, and also as a steel material that has been given wettability to various solvents.
- the steel material processed by this usage method can expect not only resin but the adhesive improvement effect with respect to adherends, such as glass, a metal plating film, an inorganic semiconductor, an organic semiconductor, and a ceramic.
- this usage method is applicable not only to a roughening process, but also to a steel material removal process (including only a part of the removal process) by etching.
- a steel material-resin composite in which a steel material and a resin composition are integrated will be described as an application example of a steel material treated by this method of use.
- the steel material-resin composite is obtained by treating the steel material by the above-described method of use and then attaching the resin composition to the treated surface.
- unevenness suitable for improving the adhesion between the steel material and the resin composition is uniformly formed on the surface of the steel material, so that the adhesion between the steel material and the resin composition is achieved. It becomes possible to improve the performance.
- the method for attaching the resin composition to the surface of the steel material treated by this method of use is not particularly limited, and is injection molding, extrusion molding, heat press molding, compression molding, transfer molding, cast molding, laser welding molding.
- Resin molding methods such as reaction injection molding (RIM molding) and rim molding (LIM molding) can be employed.
- RIM molding reaction injection molding
- LIM molding rim molding
- a painting method can be adopted.
- other coating methods include baking coating, electrodeposition coating, electrostatic coating, powder coating, and ultraviolet curable coating.
- known conditions can be adopted depending on the resin composition.
- the resin composition that can be used for the steel material-resin composite is not particularly limited as long as it can be adhered to the surface of the steel material by the above-described molding method, and is not limited to a thermoplastic resin composition or a thermosetting resin composition. Can be selected according to the application.
- thermoplastic resin composition When the thermoplastic resin composition is used, the main thermoplastic resin is polyamide resin such as polyamide 6 or polyamide 66, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer resin, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer.
- polyamide resin such as polyamide 6 or polyamide 66
- polyethylene resin polypropylene resin
- acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer resin acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer.
- polyvinyl chloride resin polycarbonate resin, polyacetal resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene naphthalate resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, liquid crystalline polyester resin, polyimide resin, syndiotactic polystyrene resin, polycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate Resin, fluororesin, polyvinyl acetate resin, modified polyphenylene ether resin, polyether sulfone resin, amorphous polyarylate tree , And the like can be exemplified a combination aromatic polyether ketone resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer resin, etc., ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer resin, a two or more thereof.
- thermoplastic resin composition that can be used may be a composition composed of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resins, and various types of conventionally known thermoplastic resins can be used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Inorganic / organic fillers, flame retardants, flame retardant aids, UV absorbers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, colorants, carbon black, processing aids, nucleating agents, mold release agents, plasticizers, fibrous reinforcing materials The composition which added additives, such as, may be sufficient.
- thermosetting resin composition When the thermosetting resin composition is used as the resin composition, the thermosetting resin as the main component includes phenol resin, epoxy resin, urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polyimide resin, diallyl phthalate resin, Examples include alkyd resins, polyurethane resins, cyanate resins, silicone resins, and combinations of these two or more.
- thermosetting resin composition may be a composition comprising the above-mentioned thermosetting resins, and to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired, Various known inorganic and organic fillers, flame retardants, flame retardant aids, UV absorbers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, colorants, carbon black, processing aids, nucleating agents, mold release agents, plasticizers, fibers It may be a composition to which an additive such as a reinforcing material is added.
- resin compositions examples include various resin compositions such as a photocurable resin composition containing an acrylic resin and a styrene resin, and a reactive curable resin composition containing a rubber, an elastomer, and the like. .
- the above-mentioned steel material-resin composite is suitably used for manufacturing various machine parts such as parts for electronic devices, parts for household electrical appliances, and parts for transport machinery, and more specifically, various types of electronic for mobile applications. It is suitable for parts for equipment, parts for home appliances, parts for medical equipment, structural parts for vehicles, parts for mounting on vehicles, and the like.
- ⁇ Treatment with etchant> As a test substrate, prepare a dull finish cold rolled steel sheet (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Co., Ltd.) with a width of 20 mm, a length of 30 mm and a thickness of 2.3 mm. went. Next, the test substrate was immersed in each of the etching agents shown in Tables 1 and 2, the etching time was adjusted so that the etching amount of iron was 2.0 ⁇ m, and etching was performed at 50 ° C. In addition, the remainder of the mixing
- the etched surface of the test substrate after etching was immersed in a 5% tartaric acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. for 15 seconds, washed with ion-exchanged water, drained, and then dried in an oven at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes. I let you.
- 2 to 4 are scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation photographs of the surface of the SPCC (acceleration voltage 20 kV, sample tilt angle 45 °, magnification 3500 times).
- 2 shows the SPCC after treatment with the etching agent of Example 9
- FIG. 3 shows the treatment with the etching agent of Comparative Example 8
- FIG. 4 shows the SPCC before the treatment (Comparative Example 8). It can be seen that in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 where the etching process is performed, irregularities are formed on the surface of the SPCC and the surface area is increased compared to the surface of FIG. 4 where the etching process is not performed.
- FIG. 2 is compared with FIG. 3, in FIG.
- the mountain-shaped convex portions are formed in a stitch shape, and only the smooth irregularities are formed between the mountain-shaped convex portions.
- FIG. 2 which processed with the etching agent by, it turns out that the unevenness
- Examples 1 to 9 (Table 1) using an etchant containing ferrous ions, ferric ions, and an acetylene group-containing water-soluble compound and having an A / B in a predetermined range.
- the tensile shear strength is about 30 MPa or more, and it can be seen that a high adhesion strength of about 1.5 times or more compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 7 can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の鉄鋼材のエッチング剤は、第一鉄イオンと、第二鉄イオンと、アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物とを含む酸性水溶液である。以下、本発明のエッチング剤に含まれる各成分について説明する。
第二鉄イオンは鉄鋼材を酸化する成分であり、第二鉄イオン源を配合することによって、エッチング剤中に含有させることができる。前記第二鉄イオン源としては、特に限定されず、硫酸第二鉄、塩化第二鉄、硝酸第二鉄、水酸化第二鉄、硫酸鉄(III)アンモニウム等があげられ、これらを単独で、又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。前記第二鉄イオン源のうちでは、硫酸第二鉄、水酸化第二鉄、硫酸鉄(III)アンモニウムが、エッチング速度を適正に維持する観点から好ましい。
本発明のエッチング剤は、第一鉄イオンを含有する。エッチング剤が第二鉄イオンに加えて第一鉄イオンを含有することにより、鉄鋼材表面に細かい凹凸を形成することができる。第一鉄イオンは、第一鉄イオン源を配合することによって、エッチング剤中に含有させることができる。前記第一鉄イオン源としては、特に限定されず、硫酸第一鉄、塩化第一鉄、硝酸第一鉄、水酸化第一鉄、硫酸鉄(II)アンモニウム等があげられ、これらを単独で、又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。前記第一鉄イオン源のうちでは、硫酸第一鉄、水酸化第一鉄、硫酸鉄(II)アンモニウムが、密着性向上に適した細かい凹凸を形成するという観点、およびコスト低減の観点から好ましい。
アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物は、鉄鋼材表面に細かい凹凸を均一に形成するために配合される成分である。アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物は、アセチレン基を有する化合物であり、水に対して0.01重量%以上溶解するものであれば特に限定されず、例えば、アセチレン基と親水性基とを有する化合物が用いられる。親水性基としては、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、第四級アンモニウム基等が挙げられる。中でも、鉄鋼材表面に細かい凹凸を均一に形成する観点から、アセチレン基とヒドロキシ基とを有する化合物が好ましい。なお、アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物のヒドロキシ基は、カルボン酸のヒドロキシ基でもよい(すなわち、カルボキシル基を含有する化合物は、ヒロドキシ基を含有する化合物に含まれる)。アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物は、一分子中に2以上のアセチレン基を有するジイン化合物やトリイン化合物等でもよく、一分子中に2以上のヒドロキシ基を有していてもよい。
本発明のエッチング剤は、酸性水溶液であるため、酸成分を含む。前記酸成分は、第二鉄イオン等により酸化されて鉄鋼材から溶出する金属(主に第一鉄イオン)を溶解させる成分である。前記酸成分としては、フッ化水素酸、塩化水素酸(塩酸)、臭化水素酸、ヨウ化水素酸等のハロゲン化水素酸や、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸、過塩素酸、スルファミン酸等のその他の無機酸、あるいは、スルホン酸、カルボン酸等の有機酸があげられる。本発明では、これらを単独で、又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。前記酸成分の中でも、エッチング剤中の酸濃度を高めてエッチング速度を適切に保つ観点から、無機酸が好ましい。特に、鉄鋼材表面に細かい凹凸を均一に形成する観点、およびコスト低減の観点から、硫酸、スルファミン酸およびスルホン酸が好ましい。
上記のように、本発明のエッチング剤は、第一鉄イオンと、第二鉄イオンと、アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物と、酸成分を含む。これらの各成分の濃度を所定範囲内とすることにより、特徴的な形状の細かい凹凸を鉄鋼材表面に均一に形成できる。
本発明のエッチング剤には、上記本発明の効果を妨げない範囲で他の成分を添加してもよい。他の成分としては、界面活性剤、金属に配位する化合物(金属配位化合物)、消泡剤等が例示できる。なお、前記他の成分は、上述したアセチレン基含有水溶性化合物とは異なるものである。金属配位化合物としては、カルボン酸系キレート剤、ホスホン酸系キレート剤、アミン系キレート剤等のキレート剤や、窒素含有化合物、硫黄含有化合物等が例示できる。金属配位化合物は、鉄鋼材表面の金属に配位して、鉄鋼材表面からの金属イオンの溶出を抑制したり、逆に鉄鋼材表面から溶出した金属イオンに配位して、金属イオンの溶出を促進したりして、鉄鋼材表面の凹凸形状を制御することができる。よって、1種又は2種以上の金属配位化合物を適宜選択することによって、鉄鋼材表面の凹凸形状を被着材との密着性向上に適した形状に制御することができる。これら他の成分を添加する場合、その濃度は、0.01~10.0重量%程度であるのが好ましい。
本発明の補給液は、本発明のエッチング剤を連続又は繰り返し使用する際に、前記エッチング剤に添加する補給液であって、アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物を含む水溶液である。前記補給液を添加することにより、前記エッチング剤の各成分比が適正に保たれるため、上述した本発明のエッチング剤の効果を安定して維持できる。
次に、本発明のエッチング剤の好適な使用方法(以下、本使用方法ともいう)について説明する。本使用方法でエッチングできる鉄鋼材は、炭素鋼、高張力鋼、低温用鋼、原子炉用鋼板等の鉄鋼材をいい、冷間圧延鋼材(SPCC)、熱間圧延鋼材(SPHC)、自動車構造用熱間圧延鋼板材(SAPH)、自動車加工用熱間圧延高張力鋼板材(SPFH)、主に機械加工に使用される一般構造用圧延鋼材(SS材)等、各種機械の本体、部品等に使用されている構造用鉄鋼材が例示できる。これらの多くの鉄鋼材は、プレス加工、切削加工等が可能であるため、構造、形状も自由に選択できる。また、本発明でいう鉄鋼材は、上記鉄鋼材に限らず、日本工業規格(JIS)、国際標準化機構(ISO)等で規格化されたあらゆる鉄鋼材が含まれる。本使用方法により、エッチングによる鉄鋼材の除去処理(一部のみの除去も含む)や、鉄鋼材の表面処理等を実施できる。特に、本発明のエッチング剤を用いて、鉄鋼材の表面処理(マイクロエッチング)を実施することにより、鉄鋼材の表面に、特徴的な形状の細かい凹凸を均一に形成でき、樹脂等の被着体との密着性を大幅に向上することができる。
本使用方法では、本発明のエッチング剤で鉄鋼材を処理する前に、鉄鋼材表面に、脱脂処理や、サンドブラスト加工、ショットブラスト加工、研削加工、バレル加工等の機械研磨処理や、化学研磨処理等を施してもよい。
鉄鋼材を本発明のエッチング剤で処理する方法としては、例えば処理される鉄鋼材表面にエッチング剤をスプレーする方法や、処理される鉄鋼材をエッチング剤中に浸漬する方法等があげられる。スプレーする場合は、エッチング剤の温度を20~40℃とし、スプレー圧0.05~0.3MPaで30~300秒間の条件でエッチングすることが好ましい。浸漬する場合は、エッチング剤の温度を30~60℃とし、60~600秒間の条件でエッチングすることが好ましい。
前記エッチング剤を用いて処理を行った後の鉄鋼材表面は表面積が増大し化学的に活性となっているため、空気と接触すると、速やかに酸化被膜が形成される傾向がある。この酸化被膜は、鉄鋼材と樹脂等との密着を阻害する場合があるため、酸化被膜を除去する目的で、後処理として酸洗浄を行うのが好ましい。この際に用いる酸は特に制限されないが、塩酸や硝酸を用いた場合は、鉄鋼材表面が再酸化されやすい。そのため、後処理に用いられる酸は、塩酸および硝酸以外の酸から選択されることが好ましい。中でも、再酸化防止の観点から、リン酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸、酒石酸等の多塩基酸を用いるのが好ましい。
本使用方法により処理された鉄鋼材は、後述する鉄鋼材-樹脂複合体の材料として使用できる他、各種溶媒に対する濡れ性が付与された鉄鋼材等としても使用できる。また、本使用方法により処理された鉄鋼材は、樹脂だけでなく、ガラス、金属めっき膜、無機半導体、有機半導体、セラミック等の被着材に対する密着性向上効果も期待できる。また、本使用方法は、粗化処理だけでなく、エッチングによる鉄鋼材の除去処理(一部のみの除去も含む)等にも適用できる。
次に、本使用方法により処理された鉄鋼材の適用例として、鉄鋼材と樹脂組成物とを一体化させた鉄鋼材-樹脂複合体について説明する。鉄鋼材-樹脂複合体は、上述した本使用方法により鉄鋼材を処理した後、当該処理面に樹脂組成物を付着させることによって得られる。鉄鋼材を本発明のエッチング剤で処理することにより、鉄鋼材-樹脂組成物間の密着性向上に適した凹凸が鉄鋼材表面に均一に形成されるため、鉄鋼材-樹脂組成物間の密着性向上が可能となる。本使用方法により処理された鉄鋼材表面に樹脂組成物を付着させる方法としては、特に限定されず、射出成形、押し出し成形、加熱プレス成形、圧縮成形、トランスファーモールド成形、注型成形、レーザー溶着成形、反応射出成形(RIM成形)、リム成形(LIM成形)等の樹脂成形方法が採用できる。また、鉄鋼材表面に樹脂組成物皮膜をコーティングした鉄鋼材-樹脂組成物皮膜からなる複合体を製造する場合は、溶剤に樹脂組成物を溶解又は分散させて塗布するコーティング法や、その他の各種塗装方法が採用できる。その他の塗装方法としては、焼き付け塗装、電着塗装、静電塗装、粉体塗装、紫外線硬化塗装等が例示できる。前記列挙した成形方法の成形条件は、樹脂組成物に応じて公知の条件を採用することができる。
熱可塑性樹脂組成物を使用する場合、主成分となる熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリアミド6やポリアミド66等のポリアミド樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、アクリロニトリル・スチレン共重合樹脂、アクリロニトリル・ブタジエン・スチレン共重合樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂、ポリエチレンナフタレート樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂、液晶性ポリエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン樹脂、ポリシクロヘキサンジメチレンテレフタレート樹脂、フッ素樹脂、ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂、変性ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリエーテルサルフォン樹脂、非晶ポリアリレート樹脂、芳香族ポリエーテルケトン樹脂、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂、エチレン・アクリル酸共重合樹脂、エチレン・メタクリル酸共重合樹脂等や、これら2種以上を組み合わせたもの等を挙げることができる。
樹脂組成物として熱硬化性樹脂組成物を使用する場合、主成分となる熱硬化性樹脂としては、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、アルキド樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、シアネート樹脂、シリコーン樹脂等や、これら2種以上を組み合わせたもの等を挙げることができる。
その他の使用できる樹脂組成物としては、アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂等を含む光硬化性樹脂組成物や、ゴム、エラストマー等を含む反応硬化性樹脂組成物等、各種の樹脂組成物を挙げることができる。
試験基板として、幅20mm長さ30mm厚み2.3mmのダル仕上げ冷間圧延鋼板(新日鐵住金社製)を用意し、前処理としてアセトン中に浸漬し超音波を加えながら15分間脱脂処理を行った。次に、表1および表2に示す各エッチング剤に、上記試験基板を浸漬処理し、鉄のエッチング量が2.0μmとなるようにエッチング時間を調整して、50℃でエッチングを実施した。なお、表1および表2に示す各エッチング剤の配合成分の残部はイオン交換水であり、濃度の%はいずれも重量%である。
上記処理後の試験基板1の表面に、エポキシ含浸ガラスクロスプリプレグ5(5mm×10mm×厚み0.1mm;パナソニック社製、品名:R-1661)を介して、FRP板3(幅10mm、長さ30mm、厚み1.6mm)を重ね合わせ、ポリイミド耐熱テープで仮固定した後、160℃のオーブンで90分間加熱しプリプレグを硬化させ、図1に示す引張せん断強度測定用試料を作製した。
Claims (7)
- 鉄鋼材のエッチング剤であって、
第一鉄イオンと、第二鉄イオンと、アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物とを含む酸性水溶液であり、
前記第一鉄イオンの濃度をA重量%、前記第二鉄イオンの濃度をB重量%としたときに、A/Bの値が0.1~2.5である、エッチング剤。 - 前記アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物が、アセチレン基とヒドロキシ基とを有する化合物である請求項1に記載のエッチング剤。
- 前記第二鉄イオンの濃度が、0.2~20重量%であり、
前記アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物の濃度が、0.01~5重量%である請求項1又は2に記載のエッチング剤。 - 前記エッチング剤の酸濃度が、水素イオン濃度で0.02~1.3重量%である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のエッチング剤。
- 前記第一鉄イオンの濃度が、0.02~5重量%である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のエッチング剤。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のエッチング剤を連続又は繰り返し使用する際に、前記エッチング剤に添加する補給液であって、アセチレン基含有水溶性化合物を含む水溶液である、補給液。
- 前記補給液は、酸性水溶液である請求項6に記載の補給液。
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JPS5368643A (en) * | 1976-12-01 | 1978-06-19 | Yoshizaki Kozo | Etching liquid of irons |
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JP2006111953A (ja) * | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-27 | Mec Kk | 銅又は銅合金のエッチング剤、その製造法、補給液及び配線基板の製造法 |
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JPS6487788A (en) * | 1986-07-15 | 1989-03-31 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Etching method |
JPH01301869A (ja) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-12-06 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | ニッチング促進添加剤 |
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