WO2014175315A1 - プリント配線板材料およびそれを用いたプリント配線板 - Google Patents
プリント配線板材料およびそれを用いたプリント配線板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014175315A1 WO2014175315A1 PCT/JP2014/061385 JP2014061385W WO2014175315A1 WO 2014175315 A1 WO2014175315 A1 WO 2014175315A1 JP 2014061385 W JP2014061385 W JP 2014061385W WO 2014175315 A1 WO2014175315 A1 WO 2014175315A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/62—Alcohols or phenols
- C08G59/621—Phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/0353—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement
- H05K1/0373—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement containing additives, e.g. fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
- H05K2201/0104—Properties and characteristics in general
- H05K2201/012—Flame-retardant; Preventing of inflammation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
- H05K3/285—Permanent coating compositions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3452—Solder masks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4644—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by building the multilayer layer by layer, i.e. build-up multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4673—Application methods or materials of intermediate insulating layers not specially adapted to any one of the previous methods of adding a circuit layer
- H05K3/4676—Single layer compositions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a printed wiring board material and a printed wiring board using the same.
- a metal material such as copper is applied to a fiber such as glass impregnated with an epoxy resin, which is called a core material, and a circuit is formed by an etching method, There is one in which a circuit is formed after an insulating layer is formed by coating an insulating resin composition or laminating a sheet-like insulating resin composition.
- a solder resist is formed on the outermost layer of the wiring board for the purpose of protecting the formed circuit and mounting the electronic component at the correct position.
- an insulating material such as an epoxy resin or an acrylate resin is used for the solder resist (see, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).
- JP 2006-182991 A (Claims etc.) JP 2013-36042 A (Claims etc.) JP 08-269172 A (Claims etc.) JP 2005-154727 A (Claims etc.) JP 2012-177012 A (Claims etc.)
- An object of the present invention is to provide a printed wiring board material exhibiting high breaking elongation characteristics and excellent flame retardancy, and a printed wiring board using the same.
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by using a material containing a phenol compound and cellulose nanofibers as a printed wiring board material, and the present invention has been completed.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention includes an epoxy compound, a phenol compound as a curing agent for the epoxy compound, and cellulose nanofibers having a number average fiber diameter of 3 nm to 1000 nm. .
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention preferably contains a layered silicate. Moreover, it is preferable that the printed wiring board material of this invention contains any one or both of a silicone compound and a fluorine compound. Furthermore, in the printed wiring board material of this invention, it is preferable that the number average fiber diameter of the said cellulose nanofiber is 3 nm or more and less than 1000 nm, and also contains a cellulose fiber with a number average fiber diameter of 1 micrometer or more.
- the cellulose nanofiber has a carboxylate in its structure. Furthermore, in the printed wiring board material of the present invention, it is preferable that the cellulose nanofiber is manufactured from lignocellulose.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention can be suitably used for solder resists, core materials, and interlayer insulating materials for multilayer printed wiring boards.
- the printed wiring board of the present invention is characterized by using the printed wiring board material of the present invention.
- a printed wiring board material a material containing a phenol compound and cellulose nanofiber is used, so that it exhibits high elongation at break as compared with the prior art and is excellent in flame retardancy. It has become possible to realize a printed wiring board material and a printed wiring board using the same.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention is characterized in that it contains an epoxy compound, a phenol compound as a curing agent for the epoxy compound, and cellulose nanofibers having a number average fiber diameter of 3 nm to 1000 nm.
- the cellulose nanofiber can be obtained as follows.
- cellulose nanofibers with a number average fiber diameter of 3 nm to 1000 nm As raw materials for cellulose nanofibers, use pulp made from natural plant fiber materials such as wood, hemp, bamboo, cotton, jute, kenaf, beet, agricultural waste, cloth, regenerated cellulose fibers such as rayon and cellophane, etc. Among them, pulp is particularly preferable.
- pulp chemical pulp such as kraft pulp and sulfite pulp, semi-chemical pulp, chemi-ground pulp, chemimechanical pulp, obtained by pulping plant raw materials chemically or mechanically, or a combination of both, Thermomechanical pulp, chemithermomechanical pulp, refiner mechanical pulp, groundwood pulp, deinked wastepaper pulp, magazine wastepaper pulp, corrugated wastepaper pulp and the like mainly composed of these plant fibers can be used.
- various kraft pulps derived from conifers having strong fiber strength for example, softwood unbleached kraft pulp, softwood oxygen bleached unbleached kraft pulp, and softwood bleached kraft pulp are particularly suitable.
- the raw material is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and the content of lignin is usually about 0 to 40% by mass, particularly about 0 to 10% by mass.
- or a bleaching process can be performed as needed, and the amount of lignin can be adjusted.
- the lignin content can be measured by the Klason method.
- cellulose molecules are not a single molecule but regularly agglomerate to form crystalline microfibrils (cellulose nanofibers) that gather together and form the basic skeletal material of plants. ing. Therefore, in order to produce cellulose nanofibers from the above raw materials, a method of unraveling the fibers to the nano size by subjecting the raw materials to beating or crushing treatment, high-temperature high-pressure steam treatment, treatment with phosphate, etc. Can be used.
- the beating or pulverization treatment is a method of obtaining cellulose nanofibers by applying a force directly to the raw materials such as pulp, mechanically beating or pulverizing, and unraveling the fibers. More specifically, for example, pulp fibers or the like are mechanically treated with a high-pressure homogenizer or the like, and cellulose fibers that have been loosened to a fiber diameter of about 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m are made into an aqueous suspension of about 0.1 to 3% by mass. Furthermore, by repeatedly grinding or crushing this with a grinder or the like, cellulose nanofibers having a fiber diameter of about 10 to 100 nm can be obtained.
- the grinding or crushing treatment can be performed using, for example, a grinder “Pure Fine Mill” manufactured by Kurita Machine Seisakusho.
- This grinder is a stone mill that pulverizes raw materials into ultrafine particles by impact, centrifugal force and shearing force generated when the raw material passes through the gap between the upper and lower two grinders. Shearing, grinding, atomization Dispersion, emulsification and fibrillation can be performed simultaneously.
- the above grinding or crushing treatment can also be carried out using an ultrafine grinding machine “Supermass colloider” manufactured by Masuko Sangyo Co., Ltd.
- the Super Mass Collider is an attritor that enables ultra-fine atomization that feels like melting beyond the mere grinding area.
- the super mass collider is a stone mill type ultrafine grinding machine composed of two top and bottom non-porous grindstones whose spacing can be freely adjusted.
- the upper grindstone is fixed and the lower grindstone rotates at high speed.
- the raw material thrown into the hopper is fed into the gap between the upper and lower grinding stones by centrifugal force, and the raw material is gradually crushed by the strong compression, shearing, rolling frictional force, etc. generated there, and is made into ultrafine particles.
- the high temperature and high pressure steam treatment is a method of obtaining cellulose nanofibers by unraveling the fibers by exposing the raw materials such as pulp to high temperature and high pressure steam.
- the surface of the raw material such as the pulp is phosphorylated to weaken the bonding force between the cellulose fibers, and then the refiner treatment (grinding or crushing treatment) is performed.
- This is a treatment method for unraveling the fibers and obtaining cellulose nanofibers.
- the raw materials such as pulp are immersed in a solution containing 50% by mass of urea and 32% by mass of phosphoric acid, and the solution is sufficiently soaked between cellulose fibers at 60 ° C., and then heated at 180 ° C. After proceeding with phosphorylation and washing with water, it was hydrolyzed in a 3% by mass aqueous hydrochloric acid solution at 60 ° C.
- Cellulose nanofibers can be obtained by completing phosphorylation by treating at room temperature for about 20 minutes, and defibrating the treated product with a refiner (such as the above-mentioned grinder).
- the cellulose nanofiber used in the present invention may be chemically modified and / or physically modified to enhance functionality.
- a functional group is added by acetalization, acetylation, cyanoethylation, etherification, isocyanateation, etc., or inorganic substances such as silicate and titanate are combined by chemical reaction or sol-gel method, Or it can carry out by the method of coat
- the chemical modification method include a method in which cellulose nanofibers formed into a sheet are immersed in acetic anhydride and heated.
- PVD method physical vapor deposition
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- electroless plating electrolytic plating
- electrolytic plating etc.
- PVD method physical vapor deposition
- the method of covering by the plating method etc. of this is mentioned. These modifications may be before the treatment or after the treatment.
- the number average fiber diameter of the cellulose nanofiber used in the present invention is required to be 3 nm to 1000 nm, preferably 3 nm to 200 nm, and more preferably 3 nm to 100 nm. Since the minimum diameter of the cellulose nanofiber single fiber is 3 nm, it is not possible to produce substantially less than 3 nm, and when it exceeds 1000 nm, it is necessary to add excessively in order to obtain the desired effect of the present invention. The film forming property is deteriorated.
- the number average fiber diameter of the cellulose nanofiber is observed with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope; Scanning Electron Microscope), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope; Transmission Electron Microscope), etc., and the diagonal line of the photograph is drawn. This is an average value obtained by extracting 12 points of fibers in the vicinity at random, removing the thickest fiber and the thinnest fiber, and measuring the remaining 10 points.
- the blending amount of the cellulose nanofiber used in the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 80% by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 70% by mass, based on the total amount of the composition excluding the solvent.
- the blending amount of the cellulose nanofiber is 0.1% by mass or more, the desired effect of the present invention can be obtained satisfactorily.
- film forming property improves.
- the epoxy compound has a function as a binder component.
- an epoxy compound a known and commonly used compound having one or more epoxy groups can be used, and among them, a compound having two or more epoxy groups is preferable.
- monoepoxy compounds such as monoepoxy compounds such as butyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, Cresol novolac type epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, phenyl-1,3-diglycidyl ether, biphenyl-4,4′-diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, Diglycidyl ether of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, tris (2,3-epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, trig
- examples thereof include compounds having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule, such as ricidyl tris (2-hydroxyeth
- epoxy compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more according to the required properties.
- examples of the epoxy compound include Adekasizer O-130P, O-180A, D-32, D-55 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation, 604, 807, 828, 834, 1001, 1004, YL903 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
- Examples include, but are not limited to, 3000, NC-3100, TEPIC manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., Bremer DGT, CP-50S, CP-50M manufactured by Nissan Oil Co., Ltd. These epoxy resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the phenol compound has a function as a curing agent for the epoxy compound.
- phenolic compounds include phenol novolac resins, alkylphenol novolac resins, triazine structure-containing novolac resins, bisphenol A novolac resins, dicyclopentadiene type phenol resins, zyloc type phenol resins, copna resins, terpene modified phenol resins, and polyvinylphenols.
- Known and commonly used compounds such as phenol compounds such as naphthalene-based curing agents and fluorene-based curing agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the phenol compound include HE-610C and 620C manufactured by Air Water Co., Ltd., TD-2131, TD-2106, TD-2093, TD-2091, TD-2090, VH-4150 manufactured by DIC Corporation, VH-4170, KH-6021, KA-1160, KA-1163, KA-1165, TD-2093-60M, TD-2090-60M, LF-6161, LF-4871, LA-7052, LA-7054, LA- 7751, LA-1356, LA-3018-50P, EXB-9854, SN-170, SN180, SN190, SN475, SN485, SN495, SN375, SN395, manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd., JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation DPP made by Meiwa Kasei Co., Ltd.
- XL, XLC, RN, RS, RX and the like can be mentioned, but are not limited thereto. These phenol compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compounding amount of the phenol compound used in the present invention is sufficient in the ratio usually used.
- the active hydrogen in the phenol compound is 0.5-2.
- An amount of 0 equivalent is preferred. More preferably, it is 0.7 to 1.5 equivalents.
- a curing accelerator can be added to the printed wiring board material of the present invention as required.
- the curing accelerator include, for example, imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 4-phenylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenylimidazole.
- Imidazole derivatives such as 1- (2-cyanoethyl) -2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole; dicyandiamide, benzyldimethylamine, 4- (dimethylamino) -N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, 4-methoxy-N, N -Amine compounds such as dimethylbenzylamine, 4-methyl-N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, hydrazine compounds such as adipic acid dihydrazide, sebacic acid dihydrazide; phosphorus compounds such as triphenylphosphine, guanamine, acetoguanamine, benzoguana , Melamine, 2,4-diamino-6-methacryloyloxyethyl-S-triazine, 2-vinyl-2,4-diamino-S-triazine, 2-vinyl-4,6-diamino-S-triazine isocyanuric acid Examples include
- thermosetting ingredients examples include polyfunctional oxetane resins, episulfide resins, amino resins such as amideimide resins, melamine derivatives, and benzoguanamine derivatives, polyisocyanate compounds, and block isocyanate compounds.
- a known and conventional one represented by a color index as a color pigment or dye can be used.
- Pigment Blue 15, 15: 1, 15: 2, 15: 3, 15: 4 15: 6, 16, 60 Solvent Blue 35, 63, 68, 70, 83, 87, 94, 97, 122, 136 , 67, 70, Pigment Green 7, 36, 3, 5, 20, 28, Solvent Yellow 163, Pigment Yellow 24, 108, 193, 147, 199, 202, 110, 109, 139, 179, 185, 93, 94 95, 128, 155, 166, 180, 120, 151, 154, 156, 175, 181, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 61, 62, 62: 1, 65 73, 74, 75, 97, 100, 104, 105, 111, 116, 167, 168, 16 , 182, 183, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 55, 63, 81, 83, 87, 126, 127, 152
- organic solvents examples include ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, and tetramethylbenzene; methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, methyl carbitol, butyl carbitol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol Glycol ethers such as monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether; esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate and esterified products of the above glycol ethers; Alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol; Mention may be made of petroleum ether, petroleum naphtha, hydrogenated petroleum naphtha,
- additives such as a defoaming and leveling agent, a thixotropy imparting agent / thickening agent, a coupling agent, a dispersant, and a flame retardant, may be included as necessary.
- Antifoaming and leveling agents include compounds such as silicone, modified silicone, mineral oil, vegetable oil, aliphatic alcohol, fatty acid, metal soap, fatty acid amide, polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, etc. Etc. can be used.
- clay minerals such as kaolinite, smectite, montmorillonite, bentonite, talc, mica, zeolite, etc., silica gel, silica gel, amorphous inorganic particles, polyamide additives, modified urea additives, Wax-based additives can be used.
- alkoxy group is methoxy group, ethoxy group, acetyl, etc.
- reactive functional group is vinyl, methacryl, acrylic, epoxy, cyclic epoxy, mercapto, amino, diamino, acid anhydride, ureido, sulfide, Isocyanates and the like, for example, vinyl silane compounds such as vinyl ethoxylane, vinyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl tris ( ⁇ -methoxyethoxy) silane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxylane, ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxylane, ⁇ - ⁇ - (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ - (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, amino-based silane compounds such as ⁇ -ureidopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycid
- Dispersants include polycarboxylic acid-based, naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensation-based, polyethylene glycol, polycarboxylic acid partial alkyl ester-based, polyether-based, polyalkylene polyamine-based polymeric dispersants, alkyl sulfonic acid-based, four Low molecular weight dispersants such as secondary ammonium series, higher alcohol alkylene oxide series, polyhydric alcohol ester series and alkylpolyamine series can be used.
- Flame retardants include hydrated metal such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, ammonium phosphate, ammonium carbonate, zinc borate, zinc stannate, molybdenum compound, bromine compound, chlorine compound, phosphate ester Phosphorus-containing polyol, phosphorus-containing amine, melamine cyanurate, melamine compound, triazine compound, guanidine compound, silicon polymer, and the like can be used.
- hydrated metal such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, ammonium phosphate, ammonium carbonate, zinc borate, zinc stannate, molybdenum compound, bromine compound, chlorine compound, phosphate ester Phosphorus-containing polyol, phosphorus-containing amine, melamine cyanurate, melamine compound, triazine compound, guanidine compound, silicon polymer, and the like can be used.
- ingredients include photoacid generators such as diazonium salts, sulfonium salts, iodonium salts, photobase generators such as carbamate compounds, ⁇ -aminoketone compounds, O-acyloxime compounds, barium sulfate, spherical silica, hydrotalcite.
- photoacid generators such as diazonium salts, sulfonium salts, iodonium salts
- photobase generators such as carbamate compounds, ⁇ -aminoketone compounds, O-acyloxime compounds, barium sulfate, spherical silica, hydrotalcite.
- inorganic fillers such as silicon powder, nylon powder and fluorine powder, radical scavengers, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, peroxide decomposers, adhesion promoters, rust inhibitors and the like.
- the printed wiring board material according to the present invention configured as described above can be suitably used for solder resists and core materials, and can be suitably used for interlayer insulating materials for multilayer printed wiring boards.
- the desired effect of the present invention can be obtained in the obtained printed wiring board.
- a method of forming the cellulose nanofibers into a sheet shape, impregnating a binder component into the sheet-like cellulose nanofibers, and drying to prepare a prepreg. can be used.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a multilayer printed wiring board according to the present invention.
- the illustrated multilayer printed wiring board can be manufactured, for example, as follows. First, a through hole is formed in the core substrate 2 on which the conductor pattern 1 is formed. The through hole can be formed by an appropriate means such as a drill, a die punch, or laser light. Then, a roughening process is performed using a roughening agent. Generally, the roughening treatment is carried out by swelling with an organic solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, or methoxypropanol, or an alkaline aqueous solution such as caustic soda or caustic potash. It is carried out using an oxidizing agent such as salt, ozone, hydrogen peroxide / sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
- an organic solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, or meth
- the conductor pattern 3 is formed by a combination of electroless plating or electrolytic plating.
- the step of forming the conductor layer by electroless plating is a step of immersing in an aqueous solution containing a plating catalyst, adsorbing the catalyst, and then immersing in a plating solution to deposit the plating.
- a predetermined circuit pattern is formed on the conductor layer on the surface of the core substrate 2 in accordance with a conventional method (subtractive method, semi-additive method, etc.), and a conductor pattern 3 is formed on both sides as shown.
- a plated layer is also formed in the through hole, and as a result, the connection portion 4 of the conductor pattern 3 of the multilayer printed wiring board and the connection portion 1a of the conductor pattern 1 are electrically connected.
- Through hole 5 is formed.
- the interlayer insulating layer 6 is formed by heating and curing.
- the interlayer insulating layer 6 is formed by laminating or hot plate pressing and heat curing.
- vias 7 for electrically connecting the connection portions of the conductor layers are formed by appropriate means such as laser light, and the conductor pattern 8 is formed by the same method as the conductor pattern 3.
- the interlayer insulating layer 9, the via 10 and the conductor pattern 11 are formed by the same method.
- a multilayer printed wiring board is manufactured by forming the solder resist layer 12 in the outermost layer.
- a single-sided substrate or a double-sided substrate may be used instead of the multilayer substrate.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention preferably contains a layered silicate.
- a layered silicate By blending cellulose nanofiber and layered silicate in combination, the linear expansion coefficient can be significantly reduced with a smaller amount of blending than when either one is blended.
- the layered silicate is not particularly limited, but clay minerals and hydrotalcite compounds having swelling properties and / or cleavage properties, and similar compounds are preferable.
- these clay minerals include kaolinite, dickite, nacrite, halloysite, antigolite, chrysotile, pyrophyllite, montmorillonite, beidellite, nontronite, saponite, sauconite, stevensite, hectorite, tetrasilic mica, sodium.
- Examples include teniolite, muscovite, margarite, talc, vermiculite, phlogopite, xanthophyllite, chlorite.
- These layered silicates may be natural products or synthetic products. These layered silicates can be used alone or in combination.
- the shape of the layered silicate is not particularly limited, but it is difficult to cleave after layering when the layered silicate overlaps multiple layers.
- the thickness of the salt is preferably as thick as possible in one layer (about 1 nm). Further, those having an average length of 0.01 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m, and an aspect ratio of 20 to 500, preferably 50 to 200 can be suitably used.
- the layered silicate has an inorganic cation capable of ion exchange between the layers.
- the ion-exchangeable inorganic cation is a metal ion such as sodium, potassium, or lithium existing on the surface of the layered silicate crystal. These ions have an ion exchange property with a cationic substance, and various substances having a cationic property can be inserted (intercalated) between the layers of the layered silicate by an ion exchange reaction.
- the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the layered silicate is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 25 to 200 meq / 100 g, more preferably 50 to 150 meq / 100 g, and 90 to 130 meq. More preferably, it is / 100g. If the cation exchange capacity of the layered silicate is 25 meq / 100 g or more, a sufficient amount of a cationic substance is inserted (intercalated) between the layers of the layered silicate by ion exchange, and the layers are sufficiently made organophilic. . On the other hand, if the cation exchange capacity is 200 meq / 100 g or less, the bonding strength between the layers of the layered silicate becomes too strong and the crystal flakes are not easily peeled off, and good dispersibility can be maintained.
- layered silicate satisfying the above preferred conditions include, for example, Sumecton SA manufactured by Kunimine Industry Co., Ltd., Kunipia F manufactured by Kunimine Industry Co., Ltd., Somasif ME-100 manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd. Examples of such products include Lucentite STN manufactured by Chemical Corporation.
- any general onium salt may be used, and it is disclosed in JP-A-2004-107541 from the viewpoint of heat resistance. It is preferable to use an onium salt having a high thermal decomposition temperature.
- the method for containing the organophilic agent between the layered silicate layers is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint that the synthesis operation is easy, the inorganic cation is made to be an organophilic agent by an ion exchange reaction. A method of containing them by exchanging them is preferable.
- the method for ion-exchanging the ion-exchangeable inorganic cation of the layered silicate with the organophilic agent is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. Specifically, techniques such as ion exchange in water, ion exchange in alcohol, and ion exchange in a water / alcohol mixed solvent can be used.
- an organophilic agent is added and stirred to replace the inorganic cation between layers of the layered silicate with the organophilic agent. Thereafter, the unsubstituted organophilic agent is thoroughly washed, filtered and dried.
- the progress of the ion exchange can be confirmed by a known method. For example, the method of confirming the exchanged inorganic ions by ICP emission analysis of the filtrate, the method of confirming that the layer spacing of the layered silicate has been expanded by X-ray analysis, It can be confirmed that the inorganic cation of the layered silicate has been replaced with the organophilic agent by a method for confirming the presence of the organic agent.
- the ion exchange is preferably 0.05 equivalents (5% by mass) or more, more preferably 0.1 equivalents (10% by mass) or more with respect to 1 equivalent of inorganic ions capable of ion exchange of the layered silicate. Preferably, it is 0.5 equivalent (50 mass%) or more.
- Ion exchange is preferably performed at a temperature of 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably at a temperature range of 10 to 90 ° C., and even more preferably at a temperature range of 15 to 80 ° C.
- the amount of the layered silicate used in the present invention is preferably 0.02 to 48% by mass, more preferably 0.04 to 42% by mass, based on the total amount of the composition excluding the solvent. is there.
- the compounding quantity of layered silicate is 0.02 mass% or more, the reduction effect of a linear expansion coefficient can be acquired favorably.
- film forming property improves.
- the present invention by combining cellulose nanofibers and layered silicates, a material having a greatly reduced linear expansion coefficient with a smaller amount than when either one is blended due to a synergistic effect. Can be obtained.
- the total amount of the cellulose nanofiber and the layered silicate in the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 80% by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 70% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition excluding the solvent. %.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention preferably contains one or both of a silicone compound and a fluorine compound.
- a silicone compound and a fluorine compound By including one or both of the silicone compound and the fluorine compound, it is possible to obtain an effect of suppressing the occurrence of migration between holes.
- silicone compound examples include polydimethylsiloxane, polyalkylphenylsiloxane, alkyl-modified silicone oil, polyether-modified silicone oil, polyalkylsiloxane, polymethylsilsesquioxane, polyalkylhydrogensiloxane, polyalkylalkenylsiloxane, and polymethylphenyl.
- silicone compound examples include siloxane, aralkyl-modified silicone oil, and alkylaralkyl-modified silicone oil.
- fluorine compound examples include fluorine-based resins having a perfluoroalkyl group or a perfluoroalkenyl group in the molecule.
- Commercially available products include, for example, MegaFuck F-444, F-472, F-477, F-552, F-553, F-554, F-443, F-470, F- 470, F-475, F-482, F-482, F-487, F-487, R-30, RS-75 (manufactured by DIC Corporation), F-top EF301, 303, 352 (Shin-Akita Kasei Co., Ltd.), Florad FC-430, FC-431 (Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), Asahi Guard AG-E300D, Surflon S-382, SC-101, SC- 102, SC-103, SC-104, SC-105, SC-106 (above, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), BM-1000, BM
- the amount of one or both of the silicone compound and fluorine compound used in the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 100 parts by mass of the epoxy compound. To 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 3 parts by mass.
- the blending amount of either one or both of the silicone compound and the fluorine compound is 0.01% by mass or more, the desired effect of the present invention can be obtained satisfactorily.
- film forming property improves.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention preferably contains cellulose fibers having a number average fiber diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more and cellulose nanofibers having the number average fiber diameter of 3 nm or more and less than 1000 nm.
- the cellulose fiber can be obtained as follows. Examples of the raw material of the cellulose fiber include the same materials as the cellulose nanofiber.
- pulp is mechanically treated with a high-pressure homogenizer or the like to loosen the fiber to a fiber diameter of about 1 to 10 ⁇ m, and the cellulose fiber is made into a water suspension of about 0.1 to 3% by mass. Obtainable.
- cellulose nanofibers having a fiber diameter of about 10 to 100 nm can also be obtained by repeatedly unraveling cellulose fibers obtained by beating or pulverization with a grinder or the like.
- the cellulose fiber used in the present invention may be one having enhanced functionality by chemical modification and / or physical modification in the same manner as the cellulose nanofiber.
- the number average fiber diameter of the cellulose fiber used in the present invention is a value obtained in the same manner as the cellulose nanofiber.
- the number average fiber diameter of the cellulose fibers needs to be 1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m. If the number average fiber diameter of the cellulose fiber is smaller than the above range, the desired effect cannot be obtained.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention has a number average fiber diameter outside the range of the specific number average fiber diameter in addition to the cellulose fiber and the cellulose nanofiber satisfying the specific number average fiber diameter range.
- Cellulose fibers may be included.
- cellulose fiber a commercially available product can be appropriately used as long as it satisfies the condition of the number average fiber diameter, and is not particularly limited.
- an excellent peel strength can be realized by combining the cellulose fiber and the cellulose nanofiber in combination.
- the mass ratio of the cellulose fiber to the cellulose nanofiber is preferably 9: 1 to 1: 9, more preferably 8: 2 to 2: 8. By setting it within this range, higher peel strength can be obtained.
- the total amount of the cellulose fiber and the cellulose nanofiber is preferably 0.5 to 80% by mass, more preferably 1 to 70% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition excluding the solvent. is there.
- the total amount of the cellulose fibers and the cellulose nanofibers 0.5% by mass or more, higher peel strength can be obtained, and by 80% by mass or less, good film-forming properties are obtained. Can be obtained.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention preferably contains cellulose nanofibers having a carboxylate in the structure and a number average fiber diameter of 3 nm to 1000 nm.
- cellulose nanofibers can be obtained by oxidizing natural cellulose fibers and then refining them according to the following.
- an aqueous dispersion is prepared by dispersing natural cellulose fibers in about 10 to 1000 times (mass basis) of water on an absolute dry basis using a mixer or the like.
- the natural cellulose fiber used as a raw material for the cellulose nanofiber include wood pulp such as softwood pulp and hardwood pulp, non-wood pulp such as straw pulp and bagasse pulp, cotton pulp such as cotton lint and cotton linter, Examples include bacterial cellulose. These may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more types as appropriate. Further, these natural cellulose fibers may be subjected to a treatment such as beating in order to increase the surface area in advance.
- N-oxyl compounds include TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl), 4-carboxy-TEMPO, 4-acetamido-TEMPO, 4-amino-TEMPO, 4 -Dimethylamino-TEMPO, 4-phosphonooxy-TEMPO, 4-hydroxy TEMPO, 4-oxy TEMPO, 4-methoxy TEMPO, 4- (2-bromoacetamido) -TEMPO, 2-azaadamantane N-oxyl, etc.
- TEMPO derivatives having various functional groups at the C4 position can be used.
- a catalytic amount is sufficient, and it can usually be in a range of 0.1 to 10% by mass with respect to natural cellulose fiber on an absolute dry basis.
- an oxidizing agent and a co-oxidizing agent are used in combination.
- the oxidizing agent include halous acid, hypohalous acid and perhalogenic acid and salts thereof, hydrogen peroxide, perorganic acid, among which sodium hypochlorite and sodium hypobromite.
- Alkali metal hypohalites such as are preferred.
- an alkali metal bromide such as sodium bromide can be used as the co-oxidant.
- the amount of the oxidizing agent used is usually in the range of about 1 to 100% by mass based on the absolute dry standard relative to the natural cellulose fiber, and the amount of the co-oxidant used is usually based on the absolute dry standard relative to the natural cellulose fiber Is about 1 to 30% by mass.
- the pH of the aqueous dispersion in the range of 9 to 12 from the viewpoint of efficiently proceeding the oxidation reaction.
- the temperature of the aqueous dispersion during the oxidation treatment can be arbitrarily set in the range of 1 to 50 ° C., and the reaction can be performed at room temperature without temperature control.
- the reaction time can be in the range of 1 to 240 minutes.
- a penetrant can be added to the aqueous dispersion in order to allow the drug to penetrate into the inside of the natural cellulose fiber and introduce more carboxyl groups into the fiber surface.
- penetrating agent examples include anionic surfactants such as carboxylate, sulfate ester salt, sulfonate salt, and phosphate ester salt, and nonionic surfactants such as polyethylene glycol type and polyhydric alcohol type. .
- the oxidation treatment of the natural cellulose fiber it is preferable to carry out a purification treatment to remove impurities such as unreacted oxidant and various by-products contained in the aqueous dispersion prior to refinement.
- a technique of repeatedly washing and filtering the oxidized natural cellulose fiber can be used.
- the natural cellulose fiber obtained after the refining treatment is usually subjected to a refining treatment in a state impregnated with an appropriate amount of water. However, if necessary, the natural cellulose fiber may be dried to obtain a fibrous or powdery form.
- the solvent as a dispersion medium used in the micronization treatment is usually preferably water, but if desired, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, Ethylene glycol, glycerin, etc.), ethers (ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), etc.
- alcohols methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, Ethylene glycol, glycerin
- a water-soluble organic solvent may be used, or a mixture thereof may be used.
- the solid content concentration of the natural cellulose fiber in the dispersion of these solvents is preferably 50% by mass or less. When the solid content concentration of the natural cellulose fiber exceeds 50% by mass, extremely high energy is required for dispersion, which is not preferable.
- Refinement of natural cellulose treatment includes low-pressure homogenizers, high-pressure homogenizers, grinders, cutter mills, ball mills, jet mills, beating machines, disintegrators, short-screw extruders, twin-screw extruders, ultrasonic agitators, household juicer mixers, etc. This can be done using a dispersing device.
- the cellulose nanofibers obtained by the refinement treatment can be made into a suspension in which the solid content concentration is adjusted, or a dried powder, as desired.
- a suspension only water may be used as a dispersion medium, and water and other organic solvents, for example, alcohols such as ethanol, surfactants, acids, bases, etc.
- a mixed solvent may be used.
- the hydroxyl group at the C6 position of the structural unit of the cellulose molecule is selectively oxidized to a carboxyl group via an aldehyde group, and the content of the carboxyl group is 0.1.
- This highly crystalline cellulose nanofiber has a cellulose I-type crystal structure. This means that the cellulose nanofibers are those obtained by surface-oxidizing naturally-derived cellulose molecules having an I-type crystal structure.
- natural cellulose fibers have a high-order solid structure formed by a bundle of fine fibers called microfibrils produced in the process of biosynthesis, and a strong cohesive force between the microfibrils (between surfaces).
- the cellulose nanofibers can be obtained by weakening the hydrogen bond) by introducing an aldehyde group or a carboxyl group by an oxidation treatment, and further through a refinement treatment. By adjusting the conditions of the oxidation treatment, the content of the carboxyl group is increased or decreased, the polarity is changed, or by the electrostatic repulsion or refinement treatment of the carboxyl group, the average fiber diameter or average fiber length of the cellulose nanofiber, The average aspect ratio can be controlled.
- the introduction of a carboxyl group into the cellulose molecule of the cellulose nanofibers indicates that in a sample from which moisture has been completely removed, absorption due to a carbonyl group (1608 cm ⁇ 1 ) in the total reflection infrared spectroscopic spectrum (ATR). This can be confirmed by the presence of the vicinity. In the case of a carboxyl group (COOH), there is an absorption at 1730 cm ⁇ 1 in the above measurement.
- dehalogenation treatment can be performed for the purpose of removing such residual halogen atoms.
- the dehalogenation treatment can be performed by immersing the oxidized natural cellulose fiber in a hydrogen peroxide solution or an ozone solution.
- the oxidized natural cellulose fiber is added to a hydrogen peroxide solution having a concentration of 0.1 to 100 g / L in a bath ratio of about 1: 5 to 1: 100, preferably 1:10 to 1. : Immerse under conditions of about 60 (mass ratio).
- the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably 1 to 50 g / L, and more preferably 5 to 20 g / L.
- the pH of the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably 8 to 11, more preferably 9.5 to 10.7.
- the number average fiber diameter of the cellulose nanofiber having a carboxylate salt in the structure used in the present invention can be the same as that of the cellulose nanofiber.
- the amount of the cellulose nanofiber having a carboxylate in the structure in the printed wiring board material is preferably 0.1 to 80% by mass, more preferably based on the total amount of the composition excluding the solvent. Is 0.2 to 70% by mass.
- the blending amount of the cellulose nanofiber having a carboxylate salt in the structure is 0.1% by mass or more, the desired effect of the present invention can be obtained satisfactorily.
- film forming property improves.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention preferably contains cellulose nanofibers (hereinafter also referred to as lignocellulose nanofibers) produced from lignocellulose and having a number average fiber diameter of 3 nm to 1000 nm.
- lignocellulose nanofibers cellulose nanofibers produced from lignocellulose and having a number average fiber diameter of 3 nm to 1000 nm.
- Lignocellulose that exists in nature has a three-dimensional network hierarchical structure in which cellulose is tightly bound to lignin and hemicellulose. Cellulose molecules in the cell wall are not single molecules but regularly agglomerate to collect dozens of them. Crystalline microfibrils (cellulose nanofibers) are formed.
- the lignocellulose used in the present invention can be obtained from, for example, woody biomass obtained from plants such as wood, agricultural products, vegetation, and cotton, or bacterial cellulose produced by microorganisms. In order to produce cellulose nanofibers from lignocellulose, a method of mechanically grinding in the presence of a medium can be used.
- Such mechanical pulverization methods include, for example, a ball mill (vibrating ball mill, rotating ball mill, planetary ball mill), rod mill, bead mill, disk mill, cutter mill, hammer mill, impeller mill, extruder, mixer (high-speed rotating blade mixer, Homogenizer), homogenizer (high pressure homogenizer, mechanical homogenizer, ultrasonic homogenizer) and the like.
- pulverization is preferably performed by a ball mill, a rod mill, a bead mill, a disk mill, a cutter mill, an extruder or a mixer.
- the medium used in the pulverization step is not particularly limited, but water, a low molecular compound, a high molecular compound, fatty acids, and the like are preferably used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is preferable to mix water and a low molecular compound, a high molecular compound, or fatty acids, and to use as a pulverization medium.
- examples of the low molecular weight compound include alcohols, ethers, ketones, sulfoxides, amides, amines, aromatics, morpholines, ionic liquids, and the like.
- examples of the polymer compound include alcohol polymers, ether polymers, amide polymers, amine polymers, aromatic polymers, and the like.
- examples of fatty acids include saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. In this case, it is preferable to use water-soluble compounds as the low molecular compounds, polymer compounds and fatty acids to be used.
- ozone treatment as a pretreatment may be performed in order to facilitate pulverization.
- the number average fiber diameter of the lignocellulose nanofiber used in the present invention can be the same as that of the cellulose nanofiber.
- the amount of the above lignocellulose nanofibers in the printed wiring board material is preferably 0.1 to 80% by mass, more preferably 0, based on the total amount of the composition excluding the organic solvent described later. 2 to 70% by mass.
- the blending amount of the cellulose nanofiber is 0.1% by mass or more, the desired effect of the present invention can be obtained satisfactorily.
- 80 mass% or less film forming property improves.
- Epoxy compound 1 Epicoat 828 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation * 1-2
- Epoxy compound 2 HP-7200H (solid content: 80% by mass) * 1-3)
- Epoxy compound 3 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation : BREN-S (solid content 70% by mass) Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. * 1-4)
- Phenol compound 1 MEH-7851 (solid content 80% by mass) Meiwa Kasei Co., Ltd.
- Phenol compound 2 LA-7054 (solid content 60% by mass) manufactured by DIC Corporation * 1-6)
- Phenol compound 3 EXB-9854 (solid content 80 mass%) manufactured by DIC Corporation * 1-7)
- Colorant phthalocyanine blue * 1-8)
- Organic solvent carbitol acetate
- Imidazole compound Curesol 1B2PZ, manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Co., Ltd. * 1-10) Acid anhydride compound: YH-306, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- Example 1-1A Example 1-2 to Example 1-6 and Comparative Example 1-1-1 to Comparative Example 1-8 in Table 1 and Table 2 above, each component was blended, stirred, and dispersed on a three roll Each composition was prepared.
- Example 1-1A Example 1-2 to Example 1-6 and Comparative Example 1-1 to Comparative Example 1-8, the phenol compound or The active hydrogen in the acid anhydride compound was blended to 1.0 equivalent.
- Example 1-1B was blended so that the active hydrogen in the phenol compound was 0.5 equivalent with respect to a total of 1.0 equivalent of the epoxy groups of the epoxy compound.
- Example 1-1C was blended such that the active hydrogen in the phenol compound was 1.5 equivalents relative to a total of 1.0 equivalent of the epoxy groups of the epoxy compound.
- the amount of cellulose nanofiber added was 8 to 13% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition excluding the solvent.
- the printed wiring board material of the present invention exhibits high breaking elongation characteristics and is excellent in flame retardancy.
- Example 2 [Production of evaluation sheet]
- each component was blended, stirred, and dispersed by a three roll to prepare each composition.
- the addition amount of the cellulose nanofiber and the layered silicate was 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition excluding the solvent.
- this composition was printed on a copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m on the entire surface by a screen printing method, and cured in a hot air circulation type drying furnace at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the copper foil was removed to prepare a sheet having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- each component was blended, stirred, and dispersed with a three roll to prepare each composition.
- the addition amount of the cellulose nanofiber and the layered silicate was 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition excluding the solvent.
- this composition was printed on a copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m on the entire surface by a screen printing method, dried in a hot air circulation drying oven at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then at 170 ° C. for 60 minutes. And cured. Thereafter, the copper foil was removed, and the linear expansion coefficient of the obtained sheet having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was measured.
- Thermosetting compound 3 Unidic V-8000 (solid content 40% by mass) manufactured by DIC Corporation * 2-8) Epoxy compound 4: Denacol EX-830 manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation * 2 -9) Curing catalyst 2: Triphenylphosphine
- Fluorine Compound 1 Megafac RS-75 (solid content 40% by mass) DIC ( * 3-9) Fluorine compound 2: Asahi Guard AG-E300D (solid content 30% by mass) Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. * 3-10) Organic solvent: Carbitol acetate
- Thermosetting compound 3 Unidic V-8000 (solid content 40% by mass) manufactured by DIC Corporation * 3-12)
- Epoxy compound 4 Denacol EX-830 manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation * 3 -22)
- Curing catalyst 2 Triphenylphosphine
- each component was blended, stirred and dispersed with a three roll to prepare a composition.
- surface shows a mass part.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a method for producing a substrate for evaluating an interlayer insulating material.
- (a) to (e-1) are plan views
- (e-2) is a sectional view of (e-1).
- the compositions of Examples 3-1 to 3-12 and Comparative Example 3-1 were 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm in thickness with the conductor layer 21a provided on the insulating layer 21b.
- the insulating resin layer 22 was formed by curing. Next, a hole (via) 23 having a diameter of 100 ⁇ m is formed on the conductor layer 21a with a carbon dioxide laser, and then smear is removed with an aqueous potassium permanganate solution, followed by electroless copper plating and then electrolytic copper plating on the entire surface. Thus, the plating layer 24 was formed. Furthermore, the test piece was produced by forming the wiring pattern 26 by the etching method. Reference numeral 25 in the figure indicates an etching resist pattern.
- Example 3-13 and Example 3-14 were printed on the entire surface of the test substrate by a screen printing method, dried in a hot air circulating drying oven at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then 170 Curing was performed at 60 ° C. for 60 minutes. Next, a test piece was prepared by forming a wiring pattern in the same manner as described above.
- Example 3-15 50 parts by mass of an epoxy compound (Epicoat 828) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 50 parts by mass of an epoxy compound (Epicoat 807) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, and MEH-7851 (solid content 80% by mass) as a phenol compound.
- Epicoat 828) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- Epicoat 807 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- MEH-7851 solid content 80% by mass
- a prepreg Ten prepregs were stacked, and a copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m was stacked on the front and back, and cured for 3 hours in a vacuum press at a temperature of 160 ° C. and a pressure of 2 MPa.
- a through hole 27 having a drill diameter of 300 ⁇ m is formed by drilling in the laminated plate 21 made of the insulating layer 21b having the conductor layer 21a formed on both surfaces thereof. , With a pitch of 5 mm.
- the wiring pattern 26 was produced by an etching method to obtain a test piece.
- Example 3-16 50 parts by mass of an epoxy compound (Epicoat 828) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 50 parts by mass of an epoxy compound (Epicoat 807) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, and MEH-7851 (solid content 80% by mass) as a phenol compound. 146 parts by mass, 3 parts by mass of 2MZ-A manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., 0.75 parts by mass of MegaFac RS-75 manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd., and 100 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone were mixed and stirred. A test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-15 except that a resin solution was prepared.
- Example 3-2 50 parts by mass of an epoxy compound (Epicoat 828) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 50 parts by mass of an epoxy compound (Epicoat 807) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, and 3 parts by mass of 2MZ-A manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- a test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-15, except that 100 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone was mixed and stirred to prepare a resin solution.
- Example 3-17 100 parts by mass of Unidic V-8000 manufactured by DIC Corporation, 23 parts by mass of epoxy compound (Denacol EX-830) manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, MEH-7851 (solid content 80% by mass) as a phenol compound 22 parts by mass, 1 part by mass of triphenylphosphine, 2 parts by mass of BYK-313 manufactured by Big Chemie Japan Co., Ltd., and 100 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone were mixed and stirred to produce a resin solution.
- a test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-15.
- Example 3-18 100 parts by mass of Unidic V-8000 manufactured by DIC Corporation, 23 parts by mass of epoxy compound (Denacol EX-830) manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, MEH-7851 (solid content 80% by mass) as a phenol compound 22 parts by mass, 1 part by mass of triphenylphosphine, 0.75 part by mass of MegaFac RS-75 manufactured by DIC Corporation, and 100 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone were mixed and stirred to prepare a resin solution Except that, a test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-15.
- Example 3-3 100 parts by mass of Unidic V-8000 manufactured by DIC Corporation, 23 parts by mass of epoxy compound (Denacol EX-830) manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, 1 part by mass of triphenylphosphine, and 100 parts of methyl ethyl ketone
- a test piece was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-15, except that a resin solution was prepared by mixing parts by mass and stirring.
- Example 4 [Preparation of cellulose fiber dispersion] Softwood kraft pulp (NBKP) is mechanically treated with a high-pressure homogenizer, and the resulting cellulose fiber with a number average fiber diameter of 3 ⁇ m is added to water and stirred sufficiently to produce an aqueous suspension of 10% by weight cellulose fiber. did. This was subjected to dehydration filtration, 10 times the amount of carbitol acetate as the weight of the filtrate was added, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and then filtered. This substitution operation was repeated three times, and 10 times the amount of carbitol acetate by weight of the filtrate was added to prepare a 10% by mass cellulose fiber dispersion.
- NNKP Softwood kraft pulp
- each component was blended, stirred, and dispersed with a three roll to prepare each composition.
- the obtained composition was printed on the entire surface of a FR-4 copper-clad laminate (copper thickness 18 ⁇ m) having a size of 150 mm ⁇ 100 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm by a screen printing method. Curing was carried out at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes. The film thickness after curing was 50 ⁇ m. Thereafter, the surface of the cured product was roughened with an aqueous potassium permanganate solution, and electroless copper plating and then electrolytic copper plating were applied to the entire surface to prepare an evaluation substrate.
- each component was blended, stirred, and dispersed with a three roll to prepare each composition.
- the obtained composition was printed on the entire surface of a FR-4 copper-clad laminate (copper thickness 18 ⁇ m) having a size of 150 mm ⁇ 100 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm by a screen printing method. After drying at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes, it was cured at 170 ° C. for 60 minutes. The film thickness after curing was 50 ⁇ m. Thereafter, the surface of the cured product was roughened with an aqueous potassium permanganate solution, and electroless copper plating and then electrolytic copper plating were applied to the entire surface to prepare an evaluation substrate.
- Thermosetting compound 3 Unidic V-8000 (solid content 40% by mass) manufactured by DIC Corporation * 4-7) Epoxy compound 4: Denacol EX-830 manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation * 4 -8) Curing catalyst 2: Triphenylphosphine
- Example 5 [Production of Cellulose Nanofiber Dispersion Having Carboxylate] (Production Example 1) 2, 2, 6, 6 5 g of softwood bleached kraft pulp (manufactured by Oji Paper Co., Ltd., moisture 50% by mass, Canadian standard freeness (CSF) 550 ml, mainly in an absolutely dry state with a number average fiber diameter exceeding 1000 nm) -Tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) 79 mg (0.5 mmol) and sodium bromide 515 mg (5 mmol) were added to 500 ml of an aqueous solution and stirred until the pulp was uniformly dispersed.
- CSF Canadian standard freeness
- TEMPO Tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl
- distilled water was added to the reaction product to obtain an aqueous dispersion having a pulp concentration of 2% by mass, and the mixture was stirred and dispersed with a rotary blade mixer for 5 minutes. Since the viscosity of the slurry significantly increased with stirring, distilled water was added little by little, and stirring and dispersion with a mixer was continued until the solid content concentration reached 0.2% by mass to obtain a transparent gelled aqueous solution. This was observed with TEM and confirmed to be an aqueous dispersion of cellulose nanofibers having a carboxylate having a number average fiber diameter of 10 nm. The amount of carboxyl groups in the aqueous dispersion was 1.25 mmol / g.
- Epoxy compound 1 Epicoat 828 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation * 5-2
- Epoxy compound 2 Epicoat 807 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation * 5-3)
- Curing catalyst 1 2MZ-A Shikoku Chemicals ( * 5-4)
- Colorant Phthalocyanine Blue * 5-5)
- Organic solvent Carbitol acetate
- Thermosetting compound 3 Unidic V-8000 manufactured by DIC Corporation (solid content 40% by mass) * 5-7)
- Epoxy compound 4 Denacol EX-830, manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation * 5-8)
- Curing catalyst 2 Triphenylphosphine
- each component was blended, stirred, and dispersed with a three roll to prepare each composition.
- this composition was printed on a copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m on the entire surface by a screen printing method, and cured in a hot air circulation type drying furnace at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the copper foil was removed to prepare an evaluation sheet having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- each component was blended, stirred, and dispersed with a three roll to prepare each composition.
- this composition was printed on a copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m on the entire surface by a screen printing method, dried in a hot air circulation drying oven at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then at 170 ° C. for 60 minutes. And cured. Thereafter, the copper foil was removed to prepare an evaluation sheet having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- the crack resistance can be improved by using a printed wiring board material containing cellulose nanofibers having a carboxylate.
- Epoxy compound 1 Epicoat 828 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation * 6-2) Epoxy compound 2: Epicoat 807 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation * 6-3) Curing catalyst 1: 2MZ-A Shikoku Chemicals ( * 6-4) Pigment: Phthalocyanine Blue * 6-5) Organic solvent: Carbitol acetate
- Thermosetting compound 3 Unidic V-8000 manufactured by DIC Corporation (solid content 40% by mass) * 6-7)
- Epoxy compound 4 Denacol EX-830, manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation * 6-8) Curing catalyst 2: Triphenylphosphine
- Example 6-1 to 6-6 and Comparative Examples 6-1 and 6-2 were printed by screen printing so as to cover the comb electrodes, A test piece was prepared by curing in a circulation drying oven at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. As a withstand voltage test, a DC voltage was applied to each of the six test pieces at a boosting speed of 500 V / second to measure the breakdown voltage. The case where the average of 6 sheets was 4.5 kV or more was evaluated as ⁇ , and the case where it was less than 4.5 kV was evaluated as ⁇ . As a result, the results for Examples 6-1 to 6-6 were all “good”, and the results for comparative examples 6-1 and 6-2 were all “x”.
- Example 6-7 to 6-12 and Comparative Examples 6-3 and 6-4 were printed by screen printing so as to cover the comb electrodes, After drying at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes in a circulation drying oven, the test piece was cured by curing at 170 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- a DC voltage was applied to each of the six test pieces at a boosting speed of 500 V / second to measure the breakdown voltage. The case where the average of 6 sheets was 5.5 kV or more was evaluated as ⁇ , and the case where it was less than 5.5 kV was evaluated as x.
- Example 6-1 to Example 6-6 and Comparative Examples 6-1 and 6-2 were combined with an FR-4 copper-clad laminate (copper thickness) having a size of 100 mm ⁇ 150 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm. 9 ⁇ m) was printed on the entire surface by a screen printing method, and cured in a hot air circulating drying oven at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. Next, electroless copper plating was applied, and then electrolytic copper plating was applied. Thereafter, a test piece having an IPC standard B pattern comb-shaped electrode pattern was produced by an etching method.
- a DC voltage was applied to each of the six test pieces at a boosting speed of 500 V / second to measure the breakdown voltage.
- the results for Examples 6-1 to 6-6 were all “good”, and the results for comparative examples 6-1 and 6-2 were all “x”.
- a DC voltage of 50 V was applied to each of six test pieces, a standing test was performed in an atmosphere of 130 ° C. and 85% RH, and the time until short-circuiting was measured.
- compositions of Examples 6-7 to 6-12 and Comparative Examples 6-3 and 6-4 were combined with an FR-4 copper-clad laminate (copper thickness of 100 mm ⁇ 150 mm and 1.6 mm thickness). 9 ⁇ m) was printed on the entire surface by a screen printing method, dried in a hot air circulation drying oven at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then cured at 170 ° C. for 60 minutes. Next, electroless copper plating was applied, and then electrolytic copper plating was applied. Thereafter, a test piece having an IPC standard B pattern comb-shaped electrode pattern was produced by an etching method. As a withstand voltage test, a DC voltage was applied to each of the six test pieces at a boosting speed of 500 V / second to measure the breakdown voltage.
- lignocellulose nanofiber sheet (Preparation of lignocellulose nanofiber sheet) About lignocellulose nanofiber dispersion liquid 1 and lignocellulose nanofiber dispersion liquid 2, a 0.2% by mass dispersion liquid is prepared with carbitol acetate, filtered through a glass filter, and has a size of 100 mm ⁇ 150 mm and a thickness of 40 ⁇ m. A sheet was produced.
- test piece having an IPC standard B pattern comb-shaped electrode pattern was produced by an etching method.
- the test piece of lignocellulose nanofiber dispersion 1 was Example 6-13
- the test piece of lignocellulose nanofiber dispersion 2 was Example 6-14
- the test piece of cellulose nanofiber dispersion 1 was Comparative Example 6-5
- a glass cloth was used instead of cellulose nanofiber, and a similar product was made as Comparative Example 6-6.
- Example 6-13, Example 6-14, Comparative Example 6-5, and Comparative Example 6-6 the filling rate of cellulose fibers was 30% by mass.
- Comparative Examples 6-5 and 6-6 no phenol compound was added.
- a DC voltage was applied to each of the six test pieces at a boosting speed of 500 V / second to measure the breakdown voltage.
- the case where the average of 6 sheets was 5.5 kV or more was evaluated as ⁇ , and the case where it was less than 5.5 kV was evaluated as x.
- all of Examples 6-13 and 6-14 were ⁇ , and all of Comparative Examples 6-5 and 6-6 were ⁇ .
- test piece having an IPC standard B pattern comb-shaped electrode pattern was produced by an etching method.
- the test piece of lignocellulose nanofiber dispersion 1 was Example 6-15
- the test piece of lignocellulose nanofiber dispersion 2 was Example 6-16
- the test piece of cellulose nanofiber dispersion 1 was Comparative Example 6-7
- a glass cloth was used in place of the cellulose nanofiber, and a similar product was prepared as Comparative Examples 6-8.
- the filling rate of the cellulose fibers of Example 6-15, Example 6-16, Comparative Example 6-7, and Comparative Example 6-8 was 30% by mass.
- no phenol compound was added.
- As a withstand voltage test a DC voltage was applied to each of the six test pieces at a boosting speed of 500 V / second to measure the breakdown voltage.
- the case where the average of 6 sheets was 6.5 kV or more was evaluated as ⁇ , and the case where it was less than 6.5 kV was evaluated as ⁇ .
- the results of Examples 6-15 and 6-16 were all “good”, and those of Comparative Examples 6-7 and 6-8 were all “x”.
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Abstract
Description
本発明のプリント配線板材料は、エポキシ化合物と、該エポキシ化合物の硬化剤としてのフェノール化合物と、数平均繊維径3nm~1000nmのセルロースナノファイバーと、を含む点に特徴を有する。上記セルロースナノファイバーは、以下のようにして得ることができる。
セルロースナノファイバーの原材料としては、木材や麻、竹、綿、ジュート、ケナフ、ビート、農産物残廃物、布等の天然植物繊維原料から得られるパルプ、レーヨンやセロファン等の再生セルロース繊維等を用いることができ、中でも特に、パルプが好適である。パルプとしては、植物原料を化学的若しくは機械的に、または、両者を併用してパルプ化することにより得られるクラフトパルプや亜硫酸パルプ等のケミカルパルプ、セミケミカルパルプ、ケミグランドパルプ、ケミメカニカルパルプ、サーモメカニカルパルプ、ケミサーモメカニカルパルプ、リファイナーメカニカルパルプ、砕木パルプおよびこれらの植物繊維を主成分とする脱墨古紙パルプ、雑誌古紙パルプ、段ボール古紙パルプなどを用いることができる。中でも、繊維の強度が強い針葉樹由来の各種クラフトパルプ、例えば、針葉樹未漂白クラフトパルプ、針葉樹酸素晒し未漂白クラフトパルプ、針葉樹漂白クラフトパルプが特に好適である。
本発明において、エポキシ化合物は、バインダー成分としての機能を有する。かかるエポキシ化合物としては、1個以上のエポキシ基を有する公知慣用の化合物を使用することができ、中でも、2個以上のエポキシ基を有する化合物が好ましい。例えば、ブチルグリシジルエーテル、フェニルグリシジルエーテル、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートなどのモノエポキシ化合物などのモノエポキシ化合物、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールS型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、脂環式エポキシ樹脂、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、フェニル-1,3-ジグリシジルエーテル、ビフェニル-4,4’-ジグリシジルエーテル、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、エチレングリコールまたはプロピレングリコールのジグリシジルエーテル、ソルビトールポリグリシジルエーテル、トリス(2,3-エポキシプロピル)イソシアヌレート、トリグリシジルトリス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレートなどの1分子中に2個以上のエポキシ基を有する化合物などが挙げられる。これらの化合物は、要求特性に合わせて、単独で、または、2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。上記エポキシ化合物としては、(株)ADEKA製のアデカサイザーO-130P、O-180A、D-32、D-55、三菱化学(株)製の604、807、828、834、1001、1004、YL903、152、154、157S、YL-6056、YX-4000、YL-6121、(株)ダイセル製のセロキサイド2021、EHPE3150、PB-3600、DIC(株)製のエピクロン830、840、850、1050、2055、152、165、N-730、N-770、N-865、EXA-1514、HP-4032、EXA-4750、EXA-4700、HP-7200、HP-7200H、新日鉄住金化学(株)製のエポトート YDF-170、YDF-175、YDF-2004、エポトート YD-011、YD-013、YD-127、YD-128、エポトート YDC-1312、エポトート YSLV-80XY、YSLV-120TE、エポトート YDB-400、YDB-500、エポトート YDCN-701、YDCN-704、エポトート YR-102、YR-450、エポトートST-2004、ST-2007、ST-3000、ZX-1063、ESN-190、ESN-360、ダウケミカル日本(株)製のD.E.R.317、331、661、664、542、D.E.N.431、438、T.E.N.、EPPN-501、EPPN-502、住友化学(株)製のスミ-エポキシESA-011、ESA-014、ELA-115、ELA-128、ESB-400、ESB-700、ESCN-195X、ESCN-220、ELM-120、旭化成イーマテリアルズ(株)製のA.E.R.330、331、661、664、711、714、ECN-235、ECN-299、日本化薬(株)製のEPPN-201、EOCN-1025、EOCN-1020、EOCN-104S、RE-306、NC-3000、NC-3100、日産化学工業(株)製のTEPIC、日油(株)製のブレンマーDGT、CP-50S、CP-50M等が挙げられるが、これらに限られるものではない。これらのエポキシ樹脂は、単独で、または、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
本発明において、フェノール化合物は、エポキシ化合物の硬化剤としての機能を有する。かかるフェノール化合物としては、例えば、フェノールノボラック樹脂、アルキルフェノールノボラック樹脂、トリアジン構造含有ノボラック樹脂、ビスフェノールAノボラック樹脂、ジシクロペンタジエン型フェノール樹脂、ザイロック型フェノール樹脂、コプナ樹脂、テルペン変性フェノール樹脂、ポリビニルフェノール類等のフェノール化合物、ナフタレン系硬化剤、フルオレン系硬化剤など公知慣用のものを、単独で、または、2種類以上組み合わせて使用することができる。上記フェノール化合物としては、エア・ウォーター(株)製のHE-610C、620C、DIC(株)製のTD-2131、TD-2106、TD-2093、TD-2091、TD-2090、VH-4150、VH-4170、KH-6021、KA-1160、KA-1163、KA-1165、TD-2093-60M、TD-2090-60M、LF-6161、LF-4871、LA-7052、LA-7054、LA-7751、LA-1356、LA-3018-50P、EXB-9854、新日鉄住金化学(株)製のSN-170、SN180、SN190、SN475、SN485、SN495、SN375、SN395、JX日鉱日石エネルギー(株)製のDPP、明和化成(株)製のHF-1M、HF-3M、HF-4M、H-4、DL-92、MEH-7500、MEH-7600-4H、MEH-7800、MEH-7851、MEH-7851-4H、MEH-8000H、MEH-8005、三井化学(株)製のXL、XLC、RN、RS、RX等が挙げられるが、これらに限られるものではない。これらのフェノール化合物は、単独で、または、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
熱硬化成分としては、例えば、多官能オキセタン樹脂、エピスルフィド樹脂や、アミドイミド樹脂、メラミン誘導体、ベンゾグアナミン誘導体等のアミノ樹脂、ポリイソシアネート化合物、またはブロックイソシアネート化合物が挙げられる。
消泡剤・レベリング剤としては、シリコーン、変性シリコーン、鉱物油、植物油、脂肪族アルコール、脂肪酸、金属石鹸、脂肪酸アミド、ポリオキシアルキレングリコール、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシアルキレン脂肪酸エステル等の化合物等が使用できる。
上記シリコーン化合物としては、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリアルキルフェニルシロキサン、アルキル変性シリコーンオイル、ポリエーテル変性シリコーンオイル、ポリアルキルシロキサン、ポリメチルシルセスキオキサン、ポリアルキル水素シロキサン、ポリアルキルアルケニルシロキサン、ポリメチルフェニルシロキサン、アラルキル変性シリコーンオイル、アルキルアラルキル変性シリコーンオイルなどが挙げられる。市販品としては、BYK-300、BYK-302、BYK-306、BYK-307、BYK-310、BYK-313、BYK-330、BYK-331、BYK-333、BYK-337、BYK-341、BYK-344、BYK-370、BYK375(以上、ビックケミー・ジャパン(株)製)、KS-66、KS-69、FZ-2110、FZ-2166、FZ-2154、FZ-2120、L-720、L-7002、SH8700、L-7001、FZ-2123、SH8400、FZ-77、FZ-2164、FZ-2203、FZ-2208(以上、東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製)、KF-353、KF-615A、KF-640、KF-642、KF-643、KF-6020、X-22-6191、KF-6011、KF-6015、X-22-2516、KF-410、X-22-821、KF-412、KF-413、KF-4701(以上、信越化学(株)製)が挙げられる。
上記フッ素化合物としては、例えば、分子中にパーフルオロアルキル基やパーフルオロアルケニル基などを有するフッ素系樹脂を挙げることができる。市販品としては、例えばメガファックF-444、同F-472、同F-477、同F-552、同F-553、同F-554、同F-443、同F-470、同F-470、同F-475、同F-482、同F-483、同F-489、同R-30、同RS-75(以上、DIC(株)製)、エフトップEF301、同303、同352(以上 新秋田化成(株)製)、フロラードFC-430、同FC-431(以上、住友スリーエム(株)製)、アサヒガードAG-E300D、サーフロンS-382、同SC-101、同SC-102、同SC-103、同SC-104、同SC-105、同SC-106(以上、旭硝子(株)製)、BM-1000、BM-1100(以上、裕商(株)製)、NBX-15、FTX-218(以上、(株)ネオス製)が挙げられる。
上記セルロースファイバーは、以下のようにして得ることができる。
セルロースファイバーの原材料としては、上記セルロースナノファイバーと同様のものを挙げることができる。
まず、天然セルロース繊維を、絶対乾燥基準で約10~1000倍量(質量基準)の水中に、ミキサー等を用いて分散させることにより、水分散液を調製する。上記セルロースナノファイバーの原料となる天然セルロース繊維としては、例えば、針葉樹系パルプや広葉樹系パルプ等の木材パルプ、麦わらパルプやバガスパルプ等の非木材系パルプ、コットンリントやコットンリンター等の綿系パルプ、バクテリアセルロース等を挙げることができる。これらは、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を適宜組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、これら天然セルロース繊維には、あらかじめ表面積を大きくするために叩解等の処理を施しておいてもよい。
官能基量[mmol/g]=V[ml]×0.05/セルロースナノファイバー試料[g]
自然界に存在するリグノセルロースは、セルロースがリグニンおよびヘミセルロースに強固に結びついた三次元ネットワーク階層構造を有しており、細胞壁中のセルロース分子が単分子ではなく規則的に凝集して数十本集まった結晶性を有するミクロフィブリル(セルロースナノファイバー)を形成している。具体的には、本発明において使用するリグノセルロースは、例えば、木材や農産物、草木、綿花等の植物から得られる木質バイオマスや、微生物が産生するバクテリアセルロース等から得ることができる。リグノセルロースからセルロースナノファイバーを製造するためには、媒体を共存させて機械的に粉砕する方法を用いることができる。
セルロースナノファイバー((株)スギノマシン製,BiNFi-s(ビンフィス)10質量%セルロース、数平均繊維径80nm)を脱水濾過し、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加えて、30分間攪拌した後に濾過した。この置換操作を3回繰返して、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、10質量%のセルロースナノファイバー分散液を作製した。
*1-2)エポキシ化合物2:HP-7200H(固形分80質量%) 三菱化学(株)製
*1-3)エポキシ化合物3:BREN-S(固形分70質量%) 日本化薬(株)製
*1-4)フェノール化合物1:MEH-7851(固形分80質量%) 明和化成(株)製
*1-5)フェノール化合物2:LA-7054(固形分60質量%) DIC(株)製
*1-6)フェノール化合物3:EXB-9854(固形分80質量%) DIC(株)製
*1-7)着色剤:フタロシアニンブルー
*1-8)有機溶剤:カルビトールアセテート
針葉樹クラフトパルプ(NBKP)を高圧ホモジナイザーで機械的に処理し、得られた数平均繊維径3μmのセルロースファイバーを水に添加して十分に撹拌し、セルロースファイバー10質量%の水懸濁液を作製した。これを脱水濾過し、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、30分間攪拌した後に濾過した。この置換操作を3回繰返して、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、10質量%のセルロースファイバー分散液を作製した。
上記表1および表2中の実施例1-1A~実施例1-6および比較例1-1~比較例1-8の記載に従い、各成分を配合、攪拌して、3本ロールにて分散させて、各組成物を調製した。実施例1-1A,実施例1-2~実施例1-6および比較例1-1~比較例1-8は、エポキシ化合物のエポキシ基の合計1.0当量に対して、フェノール化合物、または、酸無水物系化合物中の活性水素が1.0当量となるよう配合した。実施例1-1Bは、エポキシ化合物のエポキシ基の合計1.0当量に対して、フェノール化合物中の活性水素が0.5当量となるよう配合した。実施例1-1Cは、エポキシ化合物のエポキシ基の合計1.0当量に対して、フェノール化合物中の活性水素が1.5当量となるよう配合した。また、セルロースナノファイバーの添加量は、溶剤を除く組成物の全体量に対し、それぞれ8~13質量%とした。
上記組成物を、厚さ18μmの銅箔にスクリーン印刷法にて全面に印刷し、熱風循環式乾燥炉で100℃、30分間の条件で乾燥後、170℃、60分間の条件で硬化させた。その後、銅箔を除去し、得られた厚さ50μmの硬化膜からなる評価用シートを作製した。
JIS K7127に準拠して、上記評価用シートを所定の大きさに裁断して試験片を作製した。この試験片を、引張試験機((株)島津製作所製AGS-G)を用い、引っ張り速度10mm/分にて破断伸び[%]の評価を行い、以下の基準で判断した。結果を下記表3に示す。
○:4%以上
△:2%以上4%未満
×:2%未満
上記組成物を、銅貼りポリイミドフィルム(ポリイミドフィルム厚み:25μm、銅厚:15μm(エッチングにより銅表面を粗化処理したもの))の銅面にスクリーン印刷法にて全面に印刷し、100℃、30分間の条件で乾燥後、170℃、60分間の条件で硬化させ、難燃性評価用シートを作製した。
上記で作製したシートについて、UL Subject94V法に準拠して、難燃性の評価を行い、以下の基準で判断した。結果を下記表3に示す。
○:VTM-0
△:VTM-1
×:VTM-2以下(完全燃焼など含む)
[評価シートの作製]
下記表4中の記載に従って、各成分を配合、攪拌して、3本ロールにて分散させて、各組成物を作製した。セルロースナノファイバーおよび層状珪酸塩の添加量は、溶剤を除く組成物の全体量に対し、それぞれ10質量%とした。次に、この組成物を、厚さ18μmの銅箔に、スクリーン印刷法にて全面に印刷し、熱風循環式乾燥炉で140℃、30分間の条件で硬化させた。その後、銅箔を除去し、厚さ50μmのシートを作製した。
前記で作製したシートを、3mm幅×30mm長にカットした。これを、SII製 TMA(Thermomechanical Analysis)「EXSTAR6000」を用いて、引張モードで、チャック間10mm、荷重30mN、窒素雰囲気下、室温から200℃まで5℃/分で昇温し、次いで、200℃から20℃まで5℃/分で降温した。その後、20℃から200℃まで5℃/分で昇温した際の30℃から100℃の測定値から、線膨張係数を求めた。評価結果を表4中に示した。
*2-2)エポキシ化合物2:エピコート807 三菱化学(株)製
*2-3)硬化触媒1:2MZ-A 四国化成工業(株)製
*2-4)着色剤:フタロシアニンブルー
*2-5)層状珪酸塩:ルーセンタイトSTN コープケミカル(株)製
*2-6)有機溶剤:カルビトールアセテート
*2-8)エポキシ化合物4:デナコール EX-830 ナガセケムテックス(株)製
*2-9)硬化触媒2:トリフェニルホスフィン
*3-2)エポキシ化合物2:エピコート807 三菱化学(株)製
*3-3)硬化触媒1:2MZ-A 四国化成工業(株)製
*3-4)着色剤:フタロシアニンブルー
*3-5)シリコーン化合物1:BYK-313(固形分15質量%) ビックケミー・ジャパン(株)製
*3-6)シリコーン化合物2:SH-8400 東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製
*3-7)シリコーン化合物3:KS-66 信越化学(株)製
*3-8)フッ素化合物1:メガファックRS-75(固形分40質量%) DIC(株)製
*3-9)フッ素化合物2:アサヒガードAG-E300D(固形分30質量%) 旭硝子(株)製
*3-10)有機溶剤:カルビトールアセテート
*3-12)エポキシ化合物4:デナコールEX-830 ナガセケムテックス(株)製
*3-22)硬化触媒2:トリフェニルホスフィン
(試験片の作製)
図2に、層間絶縁材の評価用基板の作製方法を示す説明図を示す。図中の(a)~(e-1)は平面図であり、(e-2)は、(e-1)の断面図である。図2に示すように、実施例3-1~実施例3-12および比較例3-1の組成物を、絶縁層21b上に導体層21aが設けられた、50mm×50mmの大きさで厚さ1.6mmのFR-4銅張り積層板(銅パッド付、銅厚18μm)の試験基板21に、スクリーン印刷法にて全面に印刷し、熱風循環式乾燥炉で140℃、30分間の条件で硬化させて、絶縁樹脂層22を形成した。次に、炭酸ガスレーザーにて直径100μmの穴(ビア)23を導体層21a上にあけ、その後、過マンガン酸カリウム水溶液にてスミアを除去し、無電解銅めっき、次いで電解銅めっきを全面につけて、めっき層24を形成した。さらに、エッチング工法により配線パターン26を形成することで、試験片を作製した。図中の符号25は、エッチングレジストパターンを示す。
6枚の試験片の電極に50Vの直流電圧をかけて、130℃85%の雰囲気下で放置試験を行なった。試験槽内で絶縁抵抗を測定し、試験開始後1時間後の絶縁抵抗値から100分の1になった時間を記録した。100時間を過ぎても絶縁抵抗値が下がらないものはそこで終了とした。その結果を、下記の表中に示す。
(セルロースナノファイバーシートの作製)
セルロースナノファイバーについて、蒸留水にて0.2質量%水懸濁液を作製し、ガラスフィルターで濾過して成膜し、50mm×50mmの大きさで厚み40μmのシートを作製した。
三菱化学(株)製のエポキシ化合物(エピコート828)を50質量部、三菱化学(株)製のエポキシ化合物(エピコート807)を50質量部、フェノール化合物としてMEH-7851(固形分80質量%)を146質量部、四国化成工業(株)製の2MZ-Aを3質量部、ビックケミー・ジャパン(株)製のBYK-313を2質量部、および、メチルエチルケトンを100質量部配合し、攪拌して樹脂溶液を作製した。これを、各セルロースナノファイバーシートに含浸させて、50℃の雰囲気に12時間放置した後、取り出し、80℃、5時間乾燥させてプリプレグを作製した。このプリプレグを10枚重ね、さらに、表裏に厚み18μmの銅箔を重ねて、真空プレス機で温度160℃、圧力2MPaの条件で、3時間硬化させた。次に、図3(a)~(c)に示すように、この両面に導体層21aの形成された絶縁層21bよりなる積層板21に、ドリル加工にて、ドリル径300μmの貫通穴27を、ピッチ5mmであけた。その後、過マンガン酸カリウム水溶液にてスミアを除去し、無電解銅めっき処理、次いで、電解銅めっき処理を行い、スルーホール28を形成した。次に、図4(a)~(c)に示すように、配線パターン26をエッチング工法により作製し、試験片を得た。
三菱化学(株)製のエポキシ化合物(エピコート828)を50質量部、三菱化学(株)製のエポキシ化合物(エピコート807)を50質量部、フェノール化合物としてMEH-7851(固形分80質量%)を146質量部、四国化成工業(株)製の2MZ-Aを3質量部、DIC(株)製のメガファックRS-75を0.75質量部、および、メチルエチルケトンを100質量部配合し、攪拌して樹脂溶液を作製したこと以外は実施例3-15と同様に、試験片を得た。
三菱化学(株)製のエポキシ化合物(エピコート828)を50質量部、三菱化学(株)製のエポキシ化合物(エピコート807)を50質量部、四国化成工業(株)製の2MZ-Aを3質量部、および、メチルエチルケトンを100質量部配合し、攪拌して樹脂溶液を作製したこと以外は実施例3-15と同様に、試験片を得た。
DIC(株)製のユニディックV-8000を100質量部、ナガセケムテックス(株)製のエポキシ化合物(デナコールEX-830)を23質量部、フェノール化合物としてMEH-7851(固形分80質量%)を22質量部、トリフェニルホスフィンを1質量部、ビックケミー・ジャパン(株)製のBYK-313を2質量部、および、メチルエチルケトンを100質量部配合し、攪拌して樹脂溶液を作製したこと以外は実施例3-15と同様に、試験片を得た。
DIC(株)製のユニディックV-8000を100質量部、ナガセケムテックス(株)製のエポキシ化合物(デナコールEX-830)を23質量部、フェノール化合物としてMEH-7851(固形分80質量%)を22質量部、トリフェニルホスフィンを1質量部、DIC(株)製のメガファックRS-75を0.75質量部、および、メチルエチルケトンを100質量部配合し、攪拌して樹脂溶液を作製したこと以外は実施例3-15と同様に、試験片を得た。
DIC(株)製のユニディックV-8000を100質量部、ナガセケムテックス(株)製のエポキシ化合物(デナコールEX-830)を23質量部、トリフェニルホスフィンを1質量部、および、メチルエチルケトンを100質量部配合し、攪拌して樹脂溶液を作製したこと以外は実施例3-15と同様に、試験片を得た。
6枚の試験片の電極に50Vの直流電圧をかけて、130℃85%の雰囲気下で放置試験を行なった。試験槽内で絶縁抵抗を測定し、試験開始から1時間後の絶縁抵抗値から、その100分の1になった時間を記録した。100時間を過ぎても絶縁抵抗値が下がらないものは、そこで終了とした。
[セルロースファイバー分散液の作製]
針葉樹クラフトパルプ(NBKP)を高圧ホモジナイザーで機械的に処理し、得られた数平均繊維径3μmのセルロースファイバーを水に添加して十分に撹拌し、セルロースファイバー10質量%の水懸濁液を作製した。これを脱水濾過し、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、30分間攪拌した後に濾過した。この置換操作を3回繰返して、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、10質量%のセルロースファイバー分散液を作製した。
下記表13および表14中の記載に従い、各成分を配合、攪拌して、3本ロールにて分散させて、各組成物を作製した。得られた組成物を、150mm×100mmの大きさで厚さ1.6mmのFR-4銅張り積層板(銅厚18μm)にスクリーン印刷法にて全面に印刷し、熱風循環式乾燥炉で140℃、30分間の条件で硬化させた。硬化後の膜厚は50μmであった。その後、過マンガン酸カリウム水溶液にて硬化物の表面を粗化し、無電解銅めっき、次いで電解銅めっきを全面につけて、評価基板を作製した。銅めっき部に、幅10mm、長さ100mmの部分の切込みをいれ、この一端を剥がしてつかみ具で掴み、室温中にて、50mm/分の速度で垂直方向に35mmを引き剥がした時の荷重(ピール強度)を測定した。
*4-2)エポキシ化合物2:エピコート807 三菱化学(株)製
*4-3)硬化触媒1:2MZ-A 四国化成工業(株)製
*4-4)着色剤:フタロシアニンブルー
*4-5)有機溶剤:カルビトールアセテート
*4-7)エポキシ化合物4:デナコールEX-830 ナガセケムテックス(株)製
*4-8)硬化触媒2:トリフェニルホスフィン
[カルボン酸塩を有するセルロースナノファイバー分散液の製造]
(製造例1)
針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ(王子製紙(株)製、水分50質量%、カナダ標準濾水度(CSF)550ml、主に数平均繊維径1000nm超の絶乾状態)5gを、2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-N-オキシル(TEMPO)79mg(0.5mmol)と臭化ナトリウム515mg(5mmol)とを溶解した水溶液500mlに加え、パルプが均一分散するまで撹拌した。ここに、有効塩素5%の次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液18mlを添加し、0.5N塩酸水溶液でpHを10に調整し、酸化反応を開始した。反応中は系内pHは低下するが、0.5N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を逐次添加し、pHを10に調整した。2時間反応の後、ガラスフィルターで濾過し、濾物を十分に水洗して反応物を得た。
2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-N-オキシル(TEMPO)79mg(0.5mmol)に代えて4-ジメチルアミノ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-N-オキシル(4-ジメチルアミノ-TEMPO)100mg(0.5mmol)を用いた以外は、製造例1と同様にして、10質量%のカルボン酸塩を有するセルロースナノファイバー分散液2を作製した。なお、水分散液のカルボキシル基の量は1.30mmol/gであり、カルボン酸塩を有するセルロースナノファイバーの数平均繊維径は12nmであった。
2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-N-オキシル(TEMPO)79mg(0.5mmol)に代えて4-カルボキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-N-オキシル(4-カルボキシ-TEMPO)101mg(0.5mmol)を用いた以外は、製造例1と同様にして、10質量%のカルボン酸塩を有するセルロースナノファイバー分散液3を作製した。なお、水分散液のカルボキシル基の量は1.16mmol/gであり、カルボン酸塩を有するセルロースナノファイバーの数平均繊維径は10nmであった。
(製造例4)
ユーカリを製材した板を、カッターミルを用いて粉砕し、0.2mm角程度の木粉を作製した。次に、この木粉を、亜硫酸ナトリウムや水酸化ナトリウム等の水溶液中で高温高圧処理し、リグニンを除去した。50倍の蒸留水を加えて攪拌し、ディスクミルを用いた機械的粉砕を15回施した後、10質量%となるように蒸留水を加え、撹拌し、数平均繊維径80nmのセルロースナノファイバーを得た。これを脱水濾過し、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、30分間攪拌した後に濾過した。この置換操作を3回繰返して、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、10質量%のセルロースナノファイバー分散液1を作製した。
*5-2)エポキシ化合物2:エピコート807 三菱化学(株)製
*5-3)硬化触媒1:2MZ-A 四国化成工業(株)製
*5-4)着色剤:フタロシアニンブルー
*5-5)有機溶剤:カルビトールアセテート
*5-7)エポキシ化合物4:デナコールEX-830 ナガセケムテックス(株)製
*5-8)硬化触媒2:トリフェニルホスフィン
上記表17の記載に従って、各成分を配合、攪拌して、3本ロールにて分散させて、各組成物を作製した。次に、この組成物を、厚さ18μmの銅箔に、スクリーン印刷法にて全面に印刷し、熱風循環式乾燥炉で140℃、30分間の条件で硬化させた。その後、銅箔を除去し、厚さ50μmの評価用シートを作製した。
JIS K7127に準拠し、上記評価用シートを所定の大きさに裁断して試験片を作製した。この試験片を、引張試験機((株)島津製作所製AGS-G)を用い、引っ張り速度10mm/分にて破断強度[MPa]、破断伸度[%]を測定した後、下記評価基準に基づき評価した。その結果を、下記の表19,表20に示す。破断強度および破断伸度の評価基準において、ともに○の場合、試験片の硬化物は高い靭性を有しており、耐クラック性に優れていることがわかる。
○:75MPa以上
△:50MPa以上75MPa未満
×:50MPa未満
(破断伸度の評価基準)
○:6%以上
△:4%以上6%未満
×:4%未満
上記破断強度および破断伸度評価シートの作製において、銅箔の代わりに1.6mmの厚さのFR-4銅張り積層板(銅厚18μm)を用い、膜厚20μmの硬化物を得た以外は同様の工程を経て、銅張り積層板上に硬化物が形成された評価用基板を作製した。
上記評価用基板を、-65℃で30分間、150℃で30分間を1サイクルとして、1000サイクルの温度履歴を与え、その後の評価用基板のクラックおよび剥離の程度を、光学顕微鏡((株)キーエンス製VHX-2000)により観察し、下記評価基準に基づき評価した。その結果を、下記の表19,表20に示す。
(評価基準)
○:クラック発生がない
△:クラック発生がある
×:クラック発生が著しい
[リグノセルロースナノファイバー分散液の製造]
(製造例1)
ユーカリを製材した板を、カッターミルを用いて粉砕し、0.2mm角程度の木粉を作製した。次に、この木粉に、その質量の50倍の蒸留水を加えて攪拌し、ディスクミルを用いた機械的粉砕を15回施した後、10質量%となるように蒸留水を加え、撹拌し、数平均繊維径80nmのセルロースナノファイバーを得た。これを脱水濾過し、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、30分間攪拌した後に濾過した。この置換操作を3回繰返して、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、10質量%のリグノセルロースナノファイバー分散液1を作製した。
杉を製材した板を、カッターミルを用いて粉砕し、0.2mm角程度の木粉を作製した。次に、この木粉に、その質量の50倍の蒸留水を加えて攪拌し、ディスクミルを用いた機械的粉砕を15回施した後、10質量%となるように蒸留水を加え、撹拌し、数平均繊維径80nmのセルロースナノファイバーを得た。これを脱水濾過し、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、30分間攪拌した後に濾過した。この置換操作を3回繰返して、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、10質量%のリグノセルロースナノファイバー分散液2を作製した。
(製造例3)
ユーカリを製材した板を、カッターミルを用いて粉砕し、0.2mm角程度の木粉を作製した。次に、この木粉を、亜硫酸ナトリウムや水酸化ナトリウム等の水溶液中で高温高圧処理し、リグニンを除去した。これに50倍の蒸留水を加えて攪拌し、ディスクミルを用いた機械的粉砕を15回施した後、10質量%となるように蒸留水を加え、撹拌し、数平均繊維径80nmのセルロースナノファイバーを得た。これを脱水濾過し、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、30分間攪拌した後に濾過した。この置換操作を3回繰返して、濾物重量の10倍量のカルビトールアセテートを加え、10質量%のセルロースナノファイバー分散液1を作製した。
下記の表21、表22中の記載に従って、各成分を配合、攪拌して、3本ロールにて分散させて、各組成物を作製した。なお、下記の表中の数字は、すべて質量部を示す。
*6-2)エポキシ化合物2:エピコート807 三菱化学(株)製
*6-3)硬化触媒1:2MZ-A 四国化成工業(株)製
*6-4)顔料:フタロシアニンブルー
*6-5)有機溶剤:カルビトールアセテート
*6-7)エポキシ化合物4:デナコールEX-830 ナガセケムテックス(株)製
*6-8)硬化触媒2:トリフェニルホスフィン
(試験基板の作製)
100mm×150mmの大きさで1.6mmの厚さのFR-4銅張り積層板(銅厚9μm)を用いて、エッチング工法によりIPC規格Bパターンのくし型電極のパターンを作製した。
耐電圧試験として、各6枚の試験片に昇圧速度毎秒500Vで直流電圧をかけて、破壊する電圧を測定した。6枚の平均が4.5kV以上の場合を○、4.5kV未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-1~実施例6-6のものは全て○であり、比較例6-1、6-2のものは全て×であった。
また、絶縁信頼性試験として、各6枚の試験片に50Vの直流電圧をかけて、130℃、85%RHの雰囲気下で放置試験を行い、ショートするまでの時間を計測した。6枚の平均が200時間以上の場合を○、200時間未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-1~実施例6-6のものは全て○であり、比較例6-1、6-2のものは全て×であった。
耐電圧試験として、各6枚の試験片に昇圧速度毎秒500Vで直流電圧をかけて、破壊する電圧を測定した。6枚の平均が5.5kV以上の場合を○、5.5kV未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-7~実施例6-12のものは全て○、比較例6-3、6-4のものは全て×であった。
また、絶縁信頼性試験として、各6枚の試験片に50Vの直流電圧をかけて、130℃、85%RHの雰囲気下で放置試験を行い、ショートするまでの時間を計測した。6枚の平均が300時間以上の場合を○、300時間未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-7~実施例6-12のものは全て○であり、比較例6-3、6-4のものは全て×であった。
実施例6-1~実施例6-6、比較例6-1、6-2の組成物を、100mm×150mmの大きさで1.6mmの厚さのFR-4銅張り積層板(銅厚9μm)に、スクリーン印刷法にて全面に印刷し、熱風循環式乾燥炉で140℃、30分間の条件で硬化させた。次に、無電解銅めっきをつけて、次いで、電解銅めっきをつけた。その後、エッチング工法により、IPC規格Bパターンのくし型電極のパターンをもつ試験片を作製した。
耐電圧試験として、各6枚の試験片に昇圧速度毎秒500Vで直流電圧をかけて、破壊する電圧を測定した。6枚の平均が5.5kV以上の場合を○、5.5kV未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-1~実施例6-6のものは全て○であり、比較例6-1、6-2のものは全て×であった。
また、絶縁信頼性試験として、各6枚の試験片に50Vの直流電圧をかけて、130℃、85%RHの雰囲気下で放置試験を行い、ショートするまでの時間を計測した。6枚の平均が400時間以上の場合を○、400時間未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-1~実施例6-6のものは全て○であり、比較例6-1、6-2のものは全て×であった。
耐電圧試験として、各6枚の試験片に昇圧速度毎秒500Vで直流電圧をかけて、破壊する電圧を測定した。6枚の平均が6.5kV以上の場合を○、6.5kV未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-7~実施例6-12のものは全て○であり、比較例6-3、6-4のものは全て×であった。
また、絶縁信頼性試験として、各6枚の試験片に50Vの直流電圧をかけて、130℃、85%RHの雰囲気下で放置試験を行い、ショートするまでの時間を計測した。6枚の平均が500時間以上のものを○、500時間未満のものを×と評価した。結果は実施例6-7から実施例6-12のものは全て○であり、比較例6-3、6-4のものは全て×であった。
(リグノセルロースナノファイバーシートの作製)
リグノセルロースナノファイバー分散液1およびリグノセルロースナノファイバー分散液2について、カルビトールアセテートにて0.2質量%分散液を作製し、ガラスフィルターで濾過して、100mm×150mmの大きさで厚み40μmのシートを作製した。
セルロースナノファイバー分散液1について、カルビトールアセテートにて0.2質量%分散液を作製し、ガラスフィルターで濾過して、100mm×150mmの大きさで厚み40μmのシートを作製した。
耐電圧試験として、各6枚の試験片に昇圧速度毎秒500Vで直流電圧をかけて、破壊する電圧を測定した。6枚の平均が5.5kV以上の場合を○、5.5kV未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-13、実施例6-14のものは全て○であり、比較例6-5、比較例6-6のものは全て×であった。
また、絶縁信頼性試験として、各6枚の試験片に50Vの直流電圧をかけて、130℃、85%RHの雰囲気下で放置試験を行い、ショートするまでの時間を計測した。6枚の平均が400時間以上の場合を○、400時間未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-13、実施例6-14のものは全て○であり、比較例6-5、比較例6-6のものは全て×であった。
耐電圧試験として、各6枚の試験片に昇圧速度毎秒500Vで直流電圧をかけて、破壊する電圧を測定した。6枚の平均が6.5kV以上の場合を○、6.5kV未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-15、実施例6-16のものは全て○であり、比較例6-7、比較例6-8のものは全て×であった。
また、絶縁信頼性試験として、各6枚の試験片に50Vの直流電圧をかけて、130℃、85%RHの雰囲気下で放置試験を行い、ショートするまでの時間を計測した。6枚の平均が500時間以上の場合を○、500時間未満の場合を×と評価した。結果は、実施例6-15、実施例6-16のものは全て○であり、比較例6-7、比較例6-8のものは全て×であった。
2 コア基板
1a,4 コネクション部
5 スルーホール
6,9 層間絶縁層
7,10 ビア
12 ソルダーレジスト層
21 銅張り積層板(試験基板)
21a 導体層
21b 絶縁層
22 絶縁樹脂層
23 レーザービア
24 めっき層
25 エッチングレジストパターン
26 配線パターン
27 貫通穴
28 スルーホール
Claims (10)
- エポキシ化合物と、該エポキシ化合物の硬化剤としてのフェノール化合物と、数平均繊維径3nm~1000nmのセルロースナノファイバーと、を含むことを特徴とするプリント配線板材料。
- 層状珪酸塩を含む請求項1記載のプリント配線板材料。
- シリコーン化合物およびフッ素化合物のうちのいずれか一方または双方を含む請求項1記載のプリント配線板材料。
- 前記セルロースナノファイバーの数平均繊維径が3nm以上1000nm未満であって、さらに、数平均繊維径1μm以上のセルロースファイバーを含む請求項1記載のプリント配線板材料。
- 前記セルロースナノファイバーが、その構造中にカルボン酸塩を有する請求項1記載のプリント配線板材料。
- 前記セルロースナノファイバーが、リグノセルロースから製造された請求項1記載のプリント配線板材料。
- ソルダーレジスト用である請求項1記載のプリント配線板材料。
- コア材用である請求項1記載のプリント配線板材料。
- 多層プリント配線板の層間絶縁材用である請求項1記載のプリント配線板材料。
- 請求項1~10のうちいずれか一項記載のプリント配線板材料を用いたことを特徴とするプリント配線板。
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WO2016072334A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-04 | 2016-05-12 | 太陽ホールディングス株式会社 | 樹脂含有シート、並びに、それを用いた構造体および配線板 |
JP2018188633A (ja) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-11-29 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 硬化フィルム形成用組成物及び硬化フィルム |
JP2020015866A (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 日本製紙株式会社 | セルロースナノファイバーの製造方法 |
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JP2020164753A (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 太陽ホールディングス株式会社 | 硬化性樹脂組成物、ドライフィルム、硬化物及び電子部品 |
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CN105075403A (zh) | 2015-11-18 |
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TW201513743A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
KR102226066B1 (ko) | 2021-03-10 |
KR20160002811A (ko) | 2016-01-08 |
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