WO2014129343A1 - 硬化性組成物及びその硬化物、光学部材、並びに光学装置 - Google Patents
硬化性組成物及びその硬化物、光学部材、並びに光学装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014129343A1 WO2014129343A1 PCT/JP2014/053014 JP2014053014W WO2014129343A1 WO 2014129343 A1 WO2014129343 A1 WO 2014129343A1 JP 2014053014 W JP2014053014 W JP 2014053014W WO 2014129343 A1 WO2014129343 A1 WO 2014129343A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/226—Mixtures of di-epoxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
- C08G59/027—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule obtained by epoxidation of unsaturated precursor, e.g. polymer or monomer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a curable composition, a cured product obtained by curing the curable composition, a composition for forming an optical member, and an optical member and an optical device obtained using the composition for forming an optical member.
- This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-029688 for which it applied to Japan on February 19, 2013, and uses the content here.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an aromatic skeleton-containing alicyclic epoxy comprising a specific aromatic skeleton-containing alicyclic epoxy compound and a cationic curing catalyst as a resin composition for forming an optical member.
- a resin composition is disclosed. According to the said resin composition, it is supposed that high refractive index and cation hardening reactivity can be made compatible (refer patent document 1).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a resin composition containing an organic resin component, and the resin composition has a specific ratio of an organic resin component having a molecular weight of 700 or more and an organic resin component having a molecular weight of less than 700 in the molecular weight distribution.
- the organic resin component includes an aromatic epoxy compound, and the organic resin component having a molecular weight of 700 or more and the organic resin component having a molecular weight of less than 700 are respectively an alicyclic epoxy compound, a hydrogenated epoxy compound, and an aromatic compound.
- a resin composition for optical member molded bodies comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of epoxy compounds, wherein the resin composition further contains a release agent.
- the resin composition is rich in processability, and the cured product after curing the resin composition has high strength and is excellent in handling such as not cracking at the time of release (see Patent Document 2). ).
- Patent Document 1 Although there is a description about improving the cationic curing reactivity, the resin composition disclosed in the document is still insufficient in curability and poor curing when obtaining a cured product The problem was occurring. Further, the resin composition disclosed in Patent Document 2 also has a problem of poor curing due to insufficient curability. For this reason, as a curable composition for forming an optical member (a curable composition for forming an optical member), a cured product having a sufficiently high curing rate (fast curing), and further having high heat resistance and transparency. There is a need for something that can be formed. In particular, a thermocationic curable composition that has a high curing rate and can form a cured product having a low Abbe number has not yet been obtained.
- a curable composition for forming an optical member is formed.
- shape stability for example, even when the curable composition is used for wafer level lens applications, and the wafer level lens is placed in a high temperature environment by annealing or the like, there is a problem with the lens shape. It is required not to occur. Specifically, when a curable composition is molded with a mold, there is usually distortion due to residual stress inside the obtained cured product (molded product). In order to remove this distortion, annealing (heating) is often performed after the cured product is taken out of the mold.
- annealing treatment tends to cause “sag” in the shape of the cured product, especially in the case of a wafer level lens, the center position of the lens shifts, or when multiple lenses are stacked, There is a high possibility that a problem of reduced accuracy such as blurring will occur.
- the object of the present invention is excellent in quick curing and shape stability at the time of curing, and has high heat resistance, high transparency, high refractive index, and low Abbe number optical characteristics by curing.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a curable composition capable of forming a cured product and a cured product thereof.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical member having high accuracy, excellent optical characteristics, and high productivity, and an optical device having the optical member.
- curability containing an alicyclic epoxy compound having a specific structure, a cationic polymerizable compound having a specific structure, and a thermal cationic curing agent as essential components.
- the composition is cured, it is excellent in quick curing and shape stability, and is cured to provide a cured product having high heat resistance, high transparency, high refractive index, and low Abbe number optical characteristics.
- the present invention was completed by finding that it can be formed.
- the present invention is a curable composition
- a curable composition comprising an alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group, a cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring, and a thermal cationic curing agent (C),
- the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no group is a compound having at least two epoxidized cyclic olefin groups.
- the curable composition is provided wherein the epoxidized cyclic olefin group is a group obtained by epoxidizing a cyclic olefin group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group is a compound having a structure in which at least two of the epoxidized cyclic olefin groups are bonded with a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group.
- a sex composition is provided.
- the curable composition is provided wherein the content of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group is 10 to 60% by weight relative to the total amount (100% by weight) of the curable composition. .
- the curable composition wherein the cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring has at least one cationic curable functional group selected from the group consisting of an alicyclic epoxy group, a glycidyl group, and an oxetanyl group.
- the cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring has at least one cationic curable functional group selected from the group consisting of an alicyclic epoxy group, a glycidyl group, and an oxetanyl group.
- the curable composition is provided in which the content of the cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring is 40 to 90% by weight with respect to the total amount (100% by weight) of the curable composition.
- the curable composition having a curing start temperature of 60 to 150 ° C. is provided.
- the curable composition is provided in which the cured product obtained by curing has an Abbe number of 35 or less.
- curable composition containing a release agent having a cationic curable functional group is provided.
- the said curable composition which is a composition for optical member formation is provided.
- the present invention also provides a cured product obtained by curing the curable composition.
- the present invention also provides an optical member having a cured product obtained by curing the curable composition.
- the present invention also provides an optical device having the optical member.
- a curable composition comprising an alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group, a cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring, and a thermal cationic curing agent (C), having an ester group.
- the curable composition characterized in that the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) which is not used is a compound having at least two epoxidized cyclic olefin groups.
- the epoxidized cyclic olefin group is a group obtained by epoxidizing a cyclic olefin group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group is a compound having a structure in which at least two of the epoxidized cyclic olefin groups are bonded by a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group [1] ] Or the curable composition as described in [2].
- An alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group is represented by the following formula (a1) [In the formula (a1), R represents an epoxidized cyclic olefin group. X represents a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group.
- the ratio of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group to the total amount (100% by weight) of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group and the cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring is The curable composition according to any one of [1] to [7], which is 10 to 60% by weight.
- the content of the cationically polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring is 40 to 90% by weight relative to the total amount (100% by weight) of the curable composition, and any one of [1] to [13] The curable composition as described in any one.
- the ratio of the total amount of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group and the cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring to the total amount (100% by weight) of the curable composition is 80% by weight or more, The curable composition according to any one of [1] to [14], which is less than 100% by weight.
- the content (blending amount) of the release agent is 0 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group and the cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring.
- the curable composition according to any one of [23] to [26], which is 0.01 to 10 parts by weight.
- Any one of [1] to [27], wherein the ratio of the total amount of the cationically polymerizable compound to the total amount (100% by weight) of the curable compound contained in the curable composition is 80 to 100% by weight.
- the curable composition of the present invention Since the curable composition of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is excellent in rapid curability and shape stability at the time of curing, and has high heat resistance, high transparency, high refractive index, and low Abbe by curing. A cured product having a number of optical properties can be formed.
- the curable composition of the present invention since the curable composition of the present invention has a small shrinkage in curing and is excellent in shape stability, the use of the curable composition can contribute to the design of a highly accurate optical member.
- a diluting component such diluting component can adversely affect the refractive index and Abbe number of the cured product is separately provided.
- the optical member and the optical device of the present invention have the above-described configuration, the optical member and the optical device have high accuracy, excellent optical characteristics, and high productivity.
- the curable composition of the present invention includes an alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group, a cationic polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring, and a thermal cationic curing agent (C) as essential components. It is a thing.
- the curable composition of the present invention may contain, in addition to the above-described essential components, other components such as an antioxidant, a release agent, and various additives described below.
- the curable composition of this invention can be used as a thermosetting composition which hardens
- Alicyclic epoxy compound (A) having no ester group (ester bond) in the curable composition of the present invention Is a compound having no ester group (ester bond) in the molecule and having at least two epoxidized cyclic olefin groups in the molecule.
- the “epoxidized cyclic olefin group” possessed by the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) is a cyclic olefin (a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon in which at least one of the carbon-carbon bonds forming the ring is a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond).
- epoxidized cyclic olefin group or “fatty group” It may be referred to as “ring epoxy group”. That is, the epoxidized cyclic olefin group includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring structure and an epoxy group, and the epoxy group is composed of two adjacent carbon atoms and oxygen atoms constituting the aliphatic hydrocarbon ring. It is a group that is an epoxy group.
- Examples of the cyclic olefin group (form before epoxidation) in the epoxidized cyclic olefin group include a cyclopropenyl group (for example, 2-cyclopropen-1-yl group) and a cyclobutenyl group (for example, 2-cyclobutene-1).
- cyclopentenyl group eg, 2-cyclopenten-1-yl group, 3-cyclopenten-1-yl group, etc.
- cyclohexenyl group eg, 2-cyclohexen-1-yl group, 3-cyclohexene
- 2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl group 2,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl group, 2,5-cyclohexadien-1-yl group, etc.
- One or more substituents may be bonded to the aliphatic hydrocarbon ring forming the cyclic olefin group in the epoxidized cyclic olefin group.
- substituents include substituents having 0 to 20 carbon atoms (more preferably 0 to 10 carbon atoms), and more specifically, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, bromine atoms, iodine atoms and the like.
- An alkenyloxy group such as an allyloxy group (preferably a C 2-6 alkenyloxy group, more preferably a C 2-4 alkenyloxy group); a C 1-4 alkyl group on an aromatic ring such as a phenoxy group, a tolyloxy group, a naphthyloxy group, etc.
- the substituent aryloxy group which may have a (preferably such as C 1-4 alkoxy C 6-14 aryl Alkoxy group); a benzyloxy group, an aralkyloxy group (preferably a C 7-18 aralkyloxy group) such as a phenethyloxy group; an acetyl group, propionyloxy group, (meth) acryloyloxy group, an acyloxy group such as a benzoyloxy group (Preferably C 1-12 acyloxy group); mercapto group; alkylthio group such as methylthio group and ethylthio group (preferably C 1-6 alkylthio group, more preferably C 1-4 alkylthio group); alkenylthio such as allylthio group A group (preferably a C 2-6 alkenylthio group, more preferably a C 2-4 alkenylthio group);
- arylthio group halogen atom, C 1-4 optionally arylthio group which may have a substituent such as an alkoxy group (preferably C 6-14 Riruchio group); benzylthio group, aralkylthio group (preferably a C 7-18 aralkylthio group such as a phenethylthio group); carboxy; methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, propoxycarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group such as a butoxycarbonyl group (Preferably C 1-6 alkoxy-carbonyl group); aryloxycarbonyl groups such as phenoxycarbonyl group, tolyloxycarbonyl group, naphthyloxycarbonyl group (preferably C 6-14 aryloxy-carbonyl group); benzyloxycarbonyl group aralkyloxycarbonyl group (preferably a C 7-18 aralkyloxy - group) and the like; amino group; methylamin
- the cyclic olefin group is preferably a cyclic olefin group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably a cycloalkenyl group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, and still more preferably a cyclohexenyl group.
- the epoxidized cyclic olefin group is preferably a group in which a cyclic olefin group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms is epoxidized, more preferably a group in which a cycloalkenyl group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms is epoxidized, and still more preferably.
- an alicyclic epoxy compound (A) may have 1 type of an epoxidized cyclic olefin group, and may have 2 or more types.
- the number of epoxidized cyclic olefin groups in the molecule of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) may be two or more, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) a compound having a structure in which at least two epoxidized cyclic olefin groups are bonded by a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group is preferable.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group include a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and a group in which a plurality of these are bonded.
- divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group examples include a linear or branched alkylene group such as a methylene group, a methylmethylene group, a dimethylmethylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a trimethylene group, and a tetramethylene group (for example, And an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms).
- divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group examples include 1,2-cyclopentylene group, 1,3-cyclopentylene group, 1,2-cyclohexylene group, 1,3-cyclohexylene group, And divalent cycloalkylene groups such as 1,4-cyclohexylene group.
- alicyclic epoxy compound (A) examples include compounds represented by the following formula (a1).
- R represents an epoxidized cyclic olefin group.
- Two Rs may be the same or different.
- X represents a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the epoxidized cyclic olefin group as R and the divalent hydrocarbon group as X are the same as those described above.
- Examples of the compound represented by the formula (a1) include compounds in which two Rs are both cyclohexene oxide groups (particularly, the carbon atom at the 4-position of the two cyclohexene oxide groups (the two carbon atoms forming the epoxy group). A compound in which the positions are defined as the 1-position and 2-position) by a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group.
- the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content (blending amount) of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) in the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 10 to 60 with respect to the total amount (total amount) (100% by weight) of the curable composition. % By weight is preferred, more preferably 15 to 55% by weight, still more preferably 20 to 50% by weight. When the content of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) is less than 10% by weight, the curability of the curable composition may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the content of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) exceeds 60% by weight, it may be difficult to impart high refractive index and low Abbe number optical characteristics to the cured product.
- the ratio of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) to the total amount (100% by weight) of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) and the cationically polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 60% by weight. More preferably, it is 15 to 55% by weight, still more preferably 20 to 50% by weight. When the ratio is less than 10% by weight, the curability of the curable composition may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the ratio exceeds 60% by weight, it may be difficult to impart high refractive index and low Abbe number optical characteristics to the cured product.
- cation polymerizable compound having an aromatic ring (B) The cation polymerizable compound (B) having an aromatic ring in the curable composition of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “cation polymerizable compound (B)” or “component (B)”) is contained in the molecule. It is a compound having at least one aromatic ring and at least one cationically curable functional group (cationically polymerizable functional group).
- the cured product obtained by curing the curable composition of the present invention has particularly high heat resistance, high transparency, high refractive index, and low Abbe number. There exists a tendency which can provide an optical characteristic efficiently.
- the aromatic ring possessed by the cationically polymerizable compound (B) is not particularly limited.
- an aromatic monocyclic hydrocarbon ring such as a benzene ring
- aromatic condensation such as a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a fluorene ring, and a pyrene ring
- aromatic hydrocarbon rings such as polycyclic hydrocarbon rings.
- the aromatic ring include aromatic heterocyclic rings such as a pyridine ring, furan ring, pyrrole ring, benzofuran ring, indole ring, carbazole ring, quinoline ring, benzimidazole ring, and quinoxaline ring.
- the aromatic ring is preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, more preferably a benzene ring or a fluorene ring, and from the viewpoint of easily imparting high refractive index and low Abbe number optical characteristics to the cured product.
- a fluorene ring is particularly preferred.
- one or more substituents may be bonded to the aromatic ring of the cationic polymerizable compound (B).
- bonded with the aliphatic hydrocarbon ring which forms the above-mentioned cyclic olefin group is illustrated, for example.
- the cationically polymerizable compound (B) may have one type of aromatic ring or may have two or more types.
- the number of aromatic rings in the molecule of the cationically polymerizable compound (B) may be one or more, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 2 to 8.
- Examples of the cationically curable functional group possessed by the cationically polymerizable compound (B) include known or commonly used functional groups having cationic curable properties (cationic polymerizable properties), and are not particularly limited.
- an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group examples thereof include cyclic ether groups such as a tetrahydrofuranyl group and an oxazolinyl group; vinyl group-containing groups such as a vinyl ether group and a styryl group; and groups containing at least these groups.
- the cation-curable functional group is preferably an alicyclic epoxy group (epoxidized cyclic olefin group), a glycidyl group, or an oxetanyl group from the viewpoint of reactivity with the alicyclic epoxy compound (A).
- the cationically polymerizable compound (B) may have one kind of cationically curable functional group, or may have two or more kinds.
- the number of cationically curable functional groups in the molecule of the cationically polymerizable compound (B) may be one or more, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 2 to 4. .
- examples of the epoxy compound having an aromatic ring include bisphenol A type epoxy compounds (such as diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A or an alkylene oxide adduct thereof), bisphenol F type epoxy compounds (bisphenol F).
- diglycidyl ether of an alkylene oxide adduct thereof biphenol type epoxy compound, phenol novolac type epoxy compound, cresol novolak type epoxy compound, cresol type epoxy compound, cresol novolak type epoxy compound of bisphenol A, polyphenol type epoxy compound, bromine Bisphenol A epoxy compound, brominated bisphenol F epoxy compound, hydroquinone diglycidyl ether, resorcin diglycidyl ester Terephthalic acid diglycidyl ester, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, addition reaction product of terminal carboxylic acid polybutadiene and bisphenol A type epoxy resin, naphthalene type epoxy compound (epoxy compound having naphthalene ring), epoxy compound having fluorene ring, etc.
- the epoxy compound having an aromatic ring for example, an alicyclic epoxy compound having an aromatic skeleton disclosed in JP-A-2009-179568 can be used.
- the epoxy compound having an aromatic ring is particularly preferably a compound represented by the following formula (b1) from the viewpoint of the high refractive index and low Abbe number of the cured product.
- R 1 to R 5 and R 7 to R 11 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, s-butyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group and the like. It is done.
- R 1 to R 5 and R 7 to R 11 are preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- ring Z 1 and ring Z 2 are the same or different and represent an aromatic carbocyclic ring (aromatic hydrocarbon ring).
- aromatic carbocycle in the ring Z 1 and the ring Z 2 include about 1 to 4 aromatic carbocycles such as a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, and an anthracene ring.
- aromatic carbocycle a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring and the like are preferable.
- the fluorene ring, the ring Z 1 and the ring Z 2 represented by the formula (b1) may have a substituent.
- substituents include alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and an isopropyl group (eg, a C 1-6 alkyl group, preferably a methyl group); a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group ( For example, C 5-8 cycloalkyl group etc.); Aryl group such as phenyl group, naphthyl group (eg C 6-15 aryl group etc.); Aralkyl group such as benzyl group (eg C 7-16 aralkyl group etc.) An acyl group such as an acetyl group, a propionyl group or a benzoyl group (for example, a C 1-10 acyl group); an alk
- R 6 and R 12 are the same or different and each represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkylene group in R 6 and R 12 include a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, and a hexamethylene group. Is mentioned.
- the alkylene group is preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as an ethylene group, a propylene group, or a trimethylene group, and more preferably an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms.
- p1 and p2 are the same or different and are integers of 0 or more, preferably an integer of 0 to 4, more preferably an integer of 1 to 4 in terms of lower viscosity and excellent fluidity. .
- examples of the oxetane compound having an aromatic ring include 1,4-bis ⁇ [(3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methoxy] methyl ⁇ benzene, 3-ethyl-3- [ (Phenoxy) methyl] oxetane, 4,4′-bis [3-ethyl- (3-oxetanyl) methoxymethyl] biphenyl, novolac oxetane resin and the like.
- cationically polymerizable compound (B) As the cationically polymerizable compound (B), a commercially available product can be used.
- cationically polymerizable compounds (B) as commercial products of bisphenol A type epoxy compounds, for example, trade names “jER828”, “jER828”, “jER828EL”, “jER828XA”, “jER834” (above, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
- Product names “Epicron 840”, “Epicron 840-S”, “Epicron 850”, “Epicron 850-S”, “Epicron 850-LC” hereinafter, manufactured by DIC Corporation
- numerator among cationically polymerizable compounds (B) for example, brand name "Epicron HP4032”, “HP4032D”, “HP4700”, “HP4710”, “HP4770” “HP5000” (manufactured by DIC Corporation) and the like.
- cationically polymerizable compounds (B) as commercially available products of epoxy compounds having a fluorene ring in the molecule, for example, trade names “PG-100”, “EG-200”, “EG-250” (above, Osaka Product names “ONCOAT EX-1010”, “ONCOAT EX-1011”, “ONCOAT EX-1012”, “ONCOAT EX-1020”, “ONCOAT EX-1030”, “ONCOAT EX-1040”, “ONCOAT EX-1050”, “ONCOAT EX-1051” (manufactured by Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- cationically polymerizable compounds (B) as commercial products of oxetane compounds having an aromatic ring in the molecule, for example, trade names “OXT-121” and “OXT-211” (above, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) Trade name “ETERRNACOLL OXBP” (manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.) and the like.
- the cationically polymerizable compound (B) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content (blending amount) of the cationic polymerizable compound (B) in the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 40 to 90% by weight with respect to the total amount (100% by weight) of the curable composition. More preferably, it is 40 to 80% by weight, still more preferably 45 to 75% by weight. If the content of the cationic polymerizable compound (B) is less than 40% by weight, it may be difficult to impart high refractive index and low Abbe number optical characteristics to the cured product. On the other hand, when the content of the cationic polymerizable compound (B) exceeds 90% by weight, it may be difficult to obtain the effect of improving the rapid curability and the shape stability at the time of curing.
- the ratio of the total amount of component (A) and component (B) to the total amount (100% by weight) of the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 80% by weight or more (for example, 80% by weight or more, 100% by weight). Less than 90% by weight, more preferably 90% by weight or more (for example, 90 to 98% by weight). When the ratio is less than 80% by weight, various kinds of fast curability and shape stability at the time of curing of the curable composition, heat resistance of the cured product and optical physical properties (high transparency, high refractive index, low Abbe number) It may be difficult to control the characteristics in a balanced manner.
- the thermal cationic curing agent (C) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “component (C)”) in the curable composition of the present invention is a cationic curable compound (cationic curable functional group) contained in the curable composition by heating.
- a compound having a group for example, a polymerization reaction (curing reaction) of an alicyclic epoxy compound (A), a cationic polymerizable compound (B), a release agent having one or more cationic curable functional groups in the molecule, and the like. It is a compound that has the function of starting or proceeding.
- thermal cation curing agent (C) known or commonly used compounds having the above-mentioned functions can be used, and are not particularly limited.
- cationic species are generated by heating, whereby polymerization of a curable compound ( Examples thereof include a thermal cationic polymerization initiator for initiating curing.
- thermal cationic curing agent (C) examples include thermal cationic polymerization initiators such as aryl diazonium salts, aryl iodonium salts, aryl sulfonium salts, and allene-ion complexes.
- thermal cation curing agent (C) examples include a compound of a chelate compound of a metal such as aluminum or titanium and acetoacetic acid or a diketone and a silanol such as triphenylsilanol, or a metal such as aluminum or titanium.
- thermal cationic polymerization initiators such as a compound of a chelate compound with acetoacetic acid or diketones and a compound of phenols such as bisphenol S.
- thermal cationic curing agent (C) examples include trade names “PP-33”, “CP-66”, “CP-77” (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation); trade name “FC-509” (3M).
- Product name “UVE1014” (manufactured by GE); product names “Sun-Aid SI-60L”, “Sun-Aid SI-80L”, “Sun-Aid SI-100L”, “Sun-Aid SI-110L”, “Sun-Aid SI-”
- Commercially available products such as “150L” (manufactured by Sanshin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.); trade name “CG-24-61” (manufactured by BASF) can also be used.
- thermal cationic curing agent (C) that can control the curing start temperature of the curable composition of the present invention described later to 60 to 150 ° C. (more preferably 80 to 120 ° C.).
- the thermal cation curing agent (C) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content (blending amount) of the thermal cation curing agent (C) in the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the cationic curable compound contained in the curable composition.
- the amount is preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, still more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight.
- the content is less than 0.001 part by weight, in some cases, such as when a relatively thick cured product is formed, defective curing may easily occur.
- the content exceeds 10 parts by weight physical properties such as heat resistance of the cured product may be lowered, or the cost may be disadvantageous.
- the curable composition of the present invention may further contain an antioxidant.
- an antioxidant a known or conventional compound that can be used as an antioxidant can be used, and is not particularly limited.
- a phenolic antioxidant phenolic compound
- a phosphorus antioxidant phosphorus
- sulfur-based antioxidants sulfur-based compounds
- phenol-based antioxidant examples include 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, butylated hydroxyanisole, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-ethylphenol, stearyl- ⁇ - ( Monophenols such as 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate; 2,2′-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2′-methylenebis (4-ethyl) -6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidenebis (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 3,9-bis [ 1,1-dimethyl-2- ⁇ - (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionyloxy ⁇ ethyl] 2,4,8,10-tetraoxa Bisphenols such as pyro [5.5] undecane; 1,1,3-tri
- Examples of the phosphorus antioxidant include triphenyl phosphite, diphenylisodecyl phosphite, phenyl diisodecyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecylpentaerythritol phosphite, tris (2,4-di-t -Butylphenyl) phosphite, cyclic neopentanetetraylbis (octadecyl) phosphite, cyclic neopentanetetraylbis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, cyclic neopentanetetraylbis ( 2,4-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) phosphite, bis [2-tert-butyl-6-methyl-4- ⁇ 2- (oct
- Phosphites 9,1 -Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, 10- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha And oxaphosphaphenanthrene oxides such as phenanthrene-10-oxide.
- sulfur-based antioxidant examples include dilauryl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, dimyristyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, distearyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, and the like. It is done.
- antioxidants are preferred as the antioxidant.
- antioxidant in the curable composition of this invention, antioxidant can also be used individually by 1 type and can also be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the content (blending amount) of the antioxidant in the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0.001 to 15 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the cationic curable compound contained in the curable composition. Part by weight is preferable, more preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, and still more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight. When the content is less than 0.001 part by weight, suppression of deterioration such as oxidation may be insufficient depending on applications. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 15 parts by weight, physical properties such as heat resistance of the cured product may be lowered, or the cost may be disadvantageous.
- the curable composition of the present invention may further contain a release agent.
- the release agent may be a known or conventional compound that can be used as a release agent, and is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compounds, fluorine compounds (fluorine release agents). ), A silicone compound, a compound having a long-chain alkyl group, a polyalkylene wax, an amide wax, a polytetrafluoroethylene powder, and the like.
- a release agent having one or more cationic curable functional groups in the molecule is preferable, and more preferably a fluorine compound having one or more cationic curable functional groups in the molecule ( Fluorine-based mold release agent).
- the cation curable functional group possessed by the fluorine compound having one or more cation curable functional groups in the molecule includes cyclic ether groups such as epoxy group, oxetanyl group, tetrahydrofuranyl group, oxazolinyl group; vinyl ether group, styryl group. Vinyl group-containing groups such as: groups containing at least these groups, and the like.
- a cyclic ether group is preferable, and an epoxy group is more preferable.
- the number of cation curable functional groups contained in the fluorine compound having one or more cation curable functional groups in the molecule may be one or more (for example, 1 to 4), and is not particularly limited.
- it may have only 1 type of cation curable functional group, and may have 2 or more types of cation curable functional groups.
- fluorine compound having one or more cationically curable functional groups in the molecule include, for example, a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon having an epoxy group (epoxy group-containing fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon), and the like.
- fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon having an epoxy group epoxy group-containing fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon
- Specific examples include compounds represented by the following formula (i) (monofunctional epoxy compounds having fluoroalkyl).
- r represents an integer of 1 to 15.
- S represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- Y represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a fluoroalkyl group.
- the fluoroalkyl group include alkyl groups having 1 to 20 (preferably 1 to 10) carbon atoms in which some or all of hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms [for example, trifluoromethyl group, perfluoroisopropyl group. Etc.].
- — (CH 2 ) r — may be one in which a part of hydrogen atoms is substituted with a hydroxyl group, or may contain an ether bond in the middle. Good. More specifically, examples of the compound represented by the formula (i) include 3-perfluorohexyl-1,2-epoxypropane.
- release agent examples include trade names “E-1430”, “E-1630”, “E-1830”, “E-2030”, “E-3430”, “E-3630”, “E- 3830 “,” E-4030 “,” E-5244 “,” E-5444 “,” E-5644 “,” E-5844 "(fluorine mold release agent, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) Commercial products can also be used.
- a mold release agent can also be used individually by 1 type, and can also be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the content (blending amount) of the release agent in the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the alicyclic epoxy compound (A) and the cationic polymerizable compound (B). 0.01 to 10 parts by weight is preferable, and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight is more preferable. If the content of the release agent is less than 0.01 parts by weight, it may not be possible to release from the mold during molding. On the other hand, when content of a mold release agent exceeds 10 weight part, transparency of a curable composition may be impaired.
- the curable composition of this invention may contain other components, such as an additive, as needed other than the above-mentioned component.
- the additive includes known or commonly used additives, and is not particularly limited. For example, metal oxide particles, rubber particles, silicone-based or fluorine-based antifoaming agents, silane coupling agents, fillers, plastics Agents, leveling agents, antistatic agents, flame retardants, colorants, ultraviolet absorbers, ion adsorbers, pigments and the like.
- the content (blending amount) of these various additives is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5% by weight or less (for example, 0 to 5% by weight) with respect to the curable composition (100% by weight). .
- the curable composition of the present invention may contain a solvent, but if it is too much, bubbles may be generated in the cured product, so 10% by weight or less (100% by weight) with respect to the curable composition (100% by weight) ( For example, it is preferably 0 to 10% by weight), more preferably 1% by weight or less.
- Cationic polymerizable compound (cationic curable functional group) relative to the total amount (100% by weight) of the curable compound (a compound having a radical curable functional group or a compound having a cationic curable functional group) contained in the curable composition of the present invention
- the ratio of the total amount of the compound having, for example, an alicyclic epoxy compound (A), a cationic polymerizable compound (B), a release agent having one or more cationic curable functional groups in the molecule, etc. is not particularly limited. However, it is preferably 80% by weight or more (for example, 80 to 100% by weight), more preferably 90% by weight or more. When the ratio is less than 80% by weight, the curing shrinkage rate at the time of curing may be too large, or it may be difficult to ensure the transparency of the cured product.
- the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, for example, a predetermined amount of an alicyclic epoxy compound (A), a cationic polymerizable compound (B), and a thermal cationic curing agent (C), and further oxidized if necessary. It can be prepared by blending an inhibitor, a release agent, various additives and the like, and stirring and mixing while removing bubbles under vacuum as necessary.
- the temperature at the time of stirring and mixing is preferably about 10 to 60 ° C., for example.
- a known or conventional device such as a rotating / revolving mixer, a single or multi-screw extruder, a planetary mixer, a kneader, or a dissolver can be used.
- the curing start temperature of the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 60 to 150 ° C, more preferably 80 to 120 ° C. When the curing start temperature of the curable composition of the present invention is less than 60 ° C, the storage stability is poor and may not be suitable for use in a room temperature environment (25 ° C).
- the “curing start temperature of the curable composition” refers to the rising temperature (when the heat of reaction is measured using a DSC (differential scanning calorimeter) under the following conditions for the curable composition of the present invention ( It means the temperature at which the rise from the baseline starts.
- the curing start temperature of the curable composition of the present invention is, for example, the composition of the curable composition (for example, the type of the thermal cation curing agent (C); It can be controlled by a combination of the compound (A) and the cationic polymerizable compound (B) and the thermal cation curing agent (C).
- a cured product (sometimes referred to as “the cured product of the present invention”) is obtained by curing the curable composition of the present invention.
- Curing (curing reaction) of the curable composition of the present invention can be performed by, for example, heat treatment.
- the temperature can be appropriately adjusted according to the types of components (A) to (C) to be subjected to the reaction, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 to 200 ° C., more The temperature is preferably 120 to 160 ° C.
- light irradiation may be used in combination in order to further advance the curing reaction.
- the light source for example, a mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a metal halide lamp, sunlight, an electron beam source, a laser light source, or the like can be used.
- the internal transmittance at 400 nm (internal transmittance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm) [converted to a thickness of 0.5 mm] of the cured product of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 70% or more (for example, 70 to 100%), more Preferably it is 75% or more, More preferably, it is 80% or more, Most preferably, it is 85% or more.
- the refractive index at 589 nm (refractive index of light having a wavelength of 589 nm) (25 ° C.) of the cured product of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.58 or more, more preferably 1.60 or more.
- the Abbe number of the cured product of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 35 or less, more preferably 30 or less, and still more preferably 27 or less.
- the glass transition temperature (glass transition point) (Tg) of the cured product of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 ° C. or higher (for example, 100 to 200 ° C.), more preferably 140 ° C. or higher. If the glass transition temperature is less than 100 ° C., the heat resistance of the cured product may be insufficient depending on the use mode.
- the glass transition temperature of the cured product can be measured by, for example, various thermal analyzes [DSC (differential scanning calorimeter), TMA (thermomechanical analyzer), etc.], dynamic viscoelasticity measurement, and the like. It can be measured by the measurement method described in 1.
- the linear expansion coefficient ( ⁇ 1) of the cured product of the present invention below the glass transition temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 40 to 100 ppm / K, more preferably 40 to 90 ppm / K.
- the linear expansion coefficient ( ⁇ 2) at the glass transition temperature or higher of the cured product of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 90 to 150 ppm / K, more preferably 90 to 130 ppm / K.
- the linear expansion coefficients ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the cured product can be measured by, for example, TMA, and more specifically, can be measured by the measuring method described in the examples.
- the curable composition of the present invention is excellent in rapid curability and shape stability at the time of curing, and has high heat resistance, high transparency, high refractive index, and low Abbe number optical characteristics by curing. A cured product can be formed.
- the curable composition of this invention can be preferably used especially as a material (composition for optical member formation) for forming an optical member. That is, the said optical member is an optical member containing the hardened
- the optical member include members that exhibit various optical functions such as light diffusivity, light transmission, and light reflectivity, and devices and devices that use the optical functions (collectively, “optical” And the like.
- the optical member for example, a color filter, a color filter protective film, a TFT flattening film, a substrate material, a light guide plate, a prism sheet, a polarizing plate (polarizing film), a retardation plate (a liquid crystal display device) Retardation film), viewing angle correction film, polarizer protective film, various coating materials (coating agent), adhesive material (adhesive agent), sealing material (sealing agent), etc .; mold of optical semiconductor element in optical semiconductor display device Materials (molding agents), sealing materials (sealing agents), front glass protective films, substitute materials for front glass, various coating agents, adhesives (adhesives), etc .; antireflection films for plasma display panels, optical correction films , Housing material, Front glass protective film, Front glass alternative material, Various coating materials (Coating agent), Adhesion (Adhesive) etc .; substrate material in plasma address liquid crystal display, light guide plate, prism sheet, polarizing plate, retardation plate, viewing angle correction film
- optical member examples include optical members used in the field of optical recording [eg, CD / CD-ROM, CD-R / RW, DVD-R / DVD-RAM, MO / MD, PD (phase change Disc), Blu-Ray, disc substrate materials for optical cards; pickup lenses; light receiving sensor parts; protective films; various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives, etc.)], optics used in the field of optical equipment Materials [For example, steel camera lens materials, finder prisms, target prisms, finder covers, light receiving sensor parts, various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives), etc .; video camera photography lenses, finder, various coatings Materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives), etc .; projection television projection Lenses, protective films, various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives), etc .; lens materials for optical sensing devices, various films, various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives), etc .; smartphones, etc
- optical members used in the field of optical components for example, fibers around optical switches in optical communication systems] Materials, lenses, waveguides, elements, various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives), etc .; optical fiber materials around the optical connectors, ferrules, various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives), etc .; Optical passive components, optical circuit components lenses, waveguides, various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (contact Agents), etc .; substrate materials around optical integrated circuits (OEIC), fiber materials, various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives, etc.)], optical members used in the field of optical fibers [eg lighting for decorative displays ⁇ Light guides, industrial-use sensors, displays, signs, etc., optical fibers for communication infrastructure and home digital equipment, various coating materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives, etc.)] Optical
- an optical member used in the field of automobiles and transportation equipment for example, lamp materials such as automotive headlamps, tail lamps, indoor lamps, lamp reflectors, lamp lenses, exterior plates, interior panels, etc.
- lamp materials such as automotive headlamps, tail lamps, indoor lamps, lamp reflectors, lamp lenses, exterior plates, interior panels, etc.
- optical members used in the construction field for example, glass interlayers, glass substitutes, various coatings] Materials (coating agents), adhesives (adhesives, etc.)]
- optical members used in the agricultural field for example, film for house covering
- an optical device having the optical member By using the above-described optical member having a cured product obtained by curing the curable composition (composition for forming an optical member) of the present invention, an optical device having the optical member can be obtained.
- various optical devices including the optical member for example, a liquid crystal display device, an optical semiconductor display device, a plasma display panel, an organic electroluminescence display, a field emission display, a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or a mobile phone).
- the optical member for example, a liquid crystal display device, an optical semiconductor display device, a plasma display panel, an organic electroluminescence display, a field emission display, a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or a mobile phone.
- a cured product was prepared by the following procedure. After applying (casting) the curable compositions obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples at 25 ° C. using an imprint molding machine (“NANOIMPRINTER NM-0501” manufactured by Meisho Kiko Co., Ltd.) The press shaft position was adjusted to a thickness of 0.5 mm, the temperature was raised to 180 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min, held at 180 ° C. for 5 minutes, cooled to 80 ° C., and then released. The obtained cured product (referred to as “primary cured product”) was heated in an oven preheated to 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a cured product (referred to as “secondary cured product”).
- primary cured product was heated in an oven preheated to 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a cured product (referred to as “secondary cured product”).
- Curing rate (%) ⁇ 1 ⁇ (curing of primary cured product) Calorific value) / (curing calorific value of curable composition) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- Abbe number (nd-1) / (nF-nC) (In the formula, nd represents the refractive index at 589.2 nm, nF represents the refractive index at 486.1 nm, and nC represents the refractive index at 656.3 nm.
- nd represents the refractive index at 589.2 nm
- nF represents the refractive index at 486.1 nm
- nC represents the refractive index at 656.3 nm.
- the value of the refractive index the above-described refractive index measurement method is used. And the refractive index values obtained at each wavelength were used.
- Glass-transition temperature The glass transition temperature (glass transition point) (Tg, ° C.) of the secondary cured product obtained above is compliant with JIS K7197 using a TMA measuring device (“TMA / SS100” manufactured by SII Nanotechnology). After measuring the coefficient of thermal expansion in a measurement temperature range of 30 to 250 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere at a rate of temperature increase of 5 ° C./minute, a tangent line is drawn on the curves before and after the glass transition point. Obtained from intersection of tangents.
- the linear expansion coefficient of the secondary cured product obtained above was measured using a TMA measuring device (“TMA / SS100” manufactured by SII Nanotechnology Co., Ltd.) under a nitrogen atmosphere by a method based on JIS K7197. After measuring the coefficient of thermal expansion in the measurement temperature range of 30 to 250 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of 5 ° C./min, the slope of the straight line on the low temperature side from the glass transition point is ⁇ 1, and the slope of the straight line on the high temperature side from the glass transition point is ⁇ 2. Each was determined as a linear expansion coefficient.
- Heat resistance test evaluation of yellowing resistance under reflow conditions
- the secondary cured product obtained above was subjected to heat resistance tests under reflow conditions at a maximum temperature of 270 ° C. three times in succession based on the temperature profile described in the JEDEC standard.
- the light transmittance at 400 nm and the refractive index at 400 nm were measured by the measurement method described above to determine the internal transmittance after the heat resistance test. From the internal transmittance before and after the heat resistance test, the yellowing rate (%) was calculated by the following formula to evaluate the heat resistance.
- Yellowing rate (%) ⁇ (Internal transmittance before heat resistance test) ⁇ (Internal transmittance after heat resistance test) ⁇ / (Internal transmittance before heat resistance test) ⁇ 100
- the curable composition and the cured product obtained in the examples were compared with the case where an alicyclic epoxy compound having an ester group was used as in Comparative Example 1, and fast curability (high curing rate) and heat resistance. It was recognized that it was excellent in performance. Further, as in Comparative Example 2, curing was not observed at all in the thermal cation curing system that does not include a compound having an alicyclic epoxy group. Further, the curable compositions obtained in the examples and the cured products thereof were found to have a small volume shrinkage ratio and excellent shape stability as compared with the thermal radical curing system as in Comparative Example 3.
- the curable composition of the present invention can be preferably used as a material for forming an optical member (a composition for forming an optical member).
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明の他の目的は、高精度であって光学特性に優れ、なおかつ生産性の高い光学部材及び該光学部材を有する光学装置を提供することにある。
[1]エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)、芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)、及び熱カチオン硬化剤(C)を含む硬化性組成物であって、エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)が、エポキシ化された環状オレフィン基を少なくとも2個有する化合物であることを特徴とする硬化性組成物。
[2]エポキシ化された環状オレフィン基が、炭素数5~12の環状オレフィン基がエポキシ化された基である[1]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[3]エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)が、エポキシ化された環状オレフィン基の少なくとも2個が単結合又は2価の炭化水素基で結合された構造を有する化合物である[1]又は[2]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[4]エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)が、下記式(a1)
で表される化合物である[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[5]エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)が、式(a1)中の2つのRがともにシクロヘキセンオキシド基である化合物である[4]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[6]エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)が、2つのシクロヘキセンオキシド基の4位の炭素原子が単結合又は2価の炭化水素基によって連結された化合物である[5]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[7]エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)の含有量が、硬化性組成物の総量(100重量%)に対して、10~60重量%である[1]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[8]エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)及び芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)の総量(100重量%)に対するエステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)の割合が、10~60重量%である[1]~[7]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[9]芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)が有する芳香環が、芳香族炭化水素環である[1]~[8]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[10]芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)が分子内に有する芳香環の数が1~10個である[1]~[9]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[11]芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)が、脂環エポキシ基、グリシジル基、及びオキセタニル基からなる群より選択された少なくとも1種のカチオン硬化性官能基を有する[1]~[10]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[12]芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)が分子内に有するカチオン硬化性官能基の数が1~10個である[1]~[11]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[13]芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)が下記式(b1)で表される化合物である[1]~[12]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[14]芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)の含有量が、硬化性組成物の総量(100重量%)に対して、40~90重量%である[1]~[13]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[15]硬化性組成物の総量(100重量%)に対するエステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)及び芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)の総量の割合が、80重量%以上、100重量%未満である[1]~[14]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[16]熱カチオン硬化剤(C)が熱カチオン重合開始剤である[1]~[15]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[17]熱カチオン硬化剤(C)の含有量(配合量)が、硬化性組成物に含まれるカチオン硬化性化合物の総量100重量部に対して、0.001~10重量部である[1]~[16]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[18]硬化開始温度が60~150℃である[1]~[17]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[19]さらに、酸化防止剤を含む[1]~[18]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[20]酸化防止剤がフェノール系酸化防止剤である[19]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[21]酸化防止剤の含有量(配合量)が、硬化性組成物に含まれるカチオン硬化性化合物の総量100重量部に対して、0.001~15重量部である[19]又は[20]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[22]硬化させて得られる硬化物のアッベ数が35以下である[1]~[21]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[23]さらに、カチオン硬化性官能基を有する離型剤を含む[1]~[22]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[24]前記離型剤が有するカチオン硬化性官能基の数が、1~4個である[23]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[25]前記離型剤が、エポキシ基を有するフッ素置換炭化水素である[23]又は[24]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[26]前記エポキシ基を有するフッ素置換炭化水素が、下記式(i)で表される化合物である[25]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[27]前記離型剤の含有量(配合量)が、エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)及び芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)の総量100重量部に対して、0.01~10重量部である[23]~[26]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[28]硬化性組成物に含まれる硬化性化合物の総量(100重量%)に対するカチオン重合性化合物の総量の割合が、80~100重量%である[1]~[27]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[29]硬化させて得られる硬化物の400nmにおける内部透過率[厚み0.5mm換算]が、70~100%である[1]~[28]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[30]硬化させて得られる硬化物の589nmにおける屈折率(25℃)が、1.58以上である[1]~[29]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[31]硬化させて得られる硬化物のガラス転移温度が、100~200℃である[1]~[30]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[32]硬化させて得られる硬化物のガラス転移温度以下における線膨張係数(α1)が、40~100ppm/Kである[1]~[31]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[33]硬化させて得られる硬化物のガラス転移温度以上における線膨張係数(α2)が、90~150ppm/Kである[1]~[32]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[34]光学部材形成用組成物である[1]~[33]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物。
[35][1]~[34]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物。
[36]400nmにおける内部透過率[厚み0.5mm換算]が、70~100%である[35]に記載の硬化物。
[37]589nmにおける屈折率(25℃)が、1.58以上である[35]又は[36]に記載の硬化物。
[38]ガラス転移温度が、100~200℃である[35]~[37]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化物。
[39]ガラス転移温度以下における線膨張係数(α1)が、40~100ppm/Kである[35]~[38]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化物。
[40]ガラス転移温度以上における線膨張係数(α2)が、90~150ppm/Kである[35]~[39]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化物。
[41]アッベ数が35以下である[35]~[40]のいずれか1つに記載の硬化物。
[42][34]に記載の硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物を有する光学部材。
[43][42]に記載の光学部材を有する光学装置。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)、芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)、及び熱カチオン硬化剤(C)を必須成分として含む硬化性組成物である。本発明の硬化性組成物は、上述の必須成分のほかに、例えば、後述の酸化防止剤、離型剤、各種添加剤等のその他の成分を含んでいてもよい。なお、本発明の硬化性組成物は、加熱により硬化して硬化物(樹脂硬化物)を形成する熱硬化性組成物として使用できる。
本発明の硬化性組成物におけるエステル基(エステル結合)を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)(以下、単に「脂環エポキシ化合物(A)」や「成分(A)」と称する場合がある)は、分子内にエステル基(エステル結合)を有しない化合物であって、分子内にエポキシ化された環状オレフィン基を少なくとも2個有する化合物である。脂環エポキシ化合物(A)が有する「エポキシ化された環状オレフィン基」とは、環状オレフィン(環を形成する炭素-炭素結合の少なくとも1つが炭素-炭素不飽和結合である環状脂肪族炭化水素)が有する炭素-炭素不飽和結合の少なくとも1つがエポキシ化された構造から1つの水素原子を除いて形成される基(1価の基)であり、以下、「エポキシ化環状オレフィン基」や「脂環エポキシ基」と称する場合がある。即ち、上記エポキシ化環状オレフィン基は、脂肪族炭化水素環構造とエポキシ基とを含み、該エポキシ基が上記脂肪族炭化水素環を構成する隣接する2つの炭素原子と酸素原子とで構成されるエポキシ基である基である。
本発明の硬化性組成物における芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)(以下、単に「カチオン重合性化合物(B)」や「成分(B)」と称する場合がある)は、分子内に少なくとも1個の芳香環と、少なくとも1個のカチオン硬化性官能基(カチオン重合性官能基)とを有する化合物である。カチオン重合性化合物(B)を含むことにより、本発明の硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物に対し、特に、耐熱性、並びに、高透明性、高屈折率、及び低アッベ数の光学特性を効率的に付与できる傾向がある。
本発明の硬化性組成物における熱カチオン硬化剤(C)(以下、「成分(C)」と称する場合がある)は、加熱によって硬化性組成物に含まれるカチオン硬化性化合物(カチオン硬化性官能基を有する化合物;例えば、脂環エポキシ化合物(A)、カチオン重合性化合物(B)、分子内に1個以上のカチオン硬化性官能基を有する離型剤等)の重合反応(硬化反応)を開始乃至進行させる働きを有する化合物である。熱カチオン硬化剤(C)としては、上述の働きを有する公知乃至慣用の化合物を使用することができ、特に限定されないが、例えば、加熱によりカチオン種を発生し、これにより硬化性化合物の重合(硬化)を開始させる熱カチオン重合開始剤等が挙げられる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、さらに、酸化防止剤を含んでいてもよい。上記酸化防止剤としては、酸化防止剤として使用できる公知乃至慣用の化合物を使用することができ、特に限定されないが、例えば、フェノール系酸化防止剤(フェノール系化合物)、リン系酸化防止剤(リン系化合物)、硫黄系酸化防止剤(硫黄系化合物)等が挙げられる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、さらに、離型剤を含んでいてもよい。上記離型剤としては、離型剤として使用できる公知乃至慣用の化合物を使用することができ、特に限定されないが、例えば、(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸化合物、フッ素化合物(フッ素系離型剤)、シリコーン系化合物、長鎖アルキル基を有する化合物、ポリアルキレンワックス、アミドワックス、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンパウダー等が挙げられる。中でも、透明性を損なわない観点で、分子内に1個以上のカチオン硬化性官能基を有する離型剤が好ましく、より好ましくは分子内に1個以上のカチオン硬化性官能基を有するフッ素化合物(フッ素系離型剤)である。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、上述の成分のほか、必要に応じて添加剤等のその他の成分を含んでいてもよい。上記添加剤としては、公知乃至慣用の添加剤が挙げられ、特に限定されないが、例えば、金属酸化物粒子、ゴム粒子、シリコーン系やフッ素系の消泡剤、シランカップリング剤、充填剤、可塑剤、レベリング剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤、着色剤、紫外線吸収剤、イオン吸着体、顔料等が挙げられる。これら各種の添加剤の含有量(配合量)は、特に限定されないが、硬化性組成物(100重量%)に対して、5重量%以下(例えば、0~5重量%)とすることが好ましい。また、本発明の硬化性組成物は溶媒を含んでいてもよいが、あまり多いと硬化物に気泡が生じる場合があるので、硬化性組成物(100重量%)に対して10重量%以下(例えば、0~10重量%)とすることが好ましく、より好ましくは1重量%以下である。
(DSCの測定条件)
・測定雰囲気:窒素(流量:50mL/分)
・測定温度:30~300℃
・昇温条件:20℃/分
なお、本発明の硬化性組成物の硬化開始温度は、例えば、硬化性組成物の組成(例えば、熱カチオン硬化剤(C)の種類;特に、脂環エポキシ化合物(A)及びカチオン重合性化合物(B)と熱カチオン硬化剤(C)との組み合わせ)によって制御することができる。
表1に記載の各成分につき、自転公転ミキサーを使用して、常温(25℃)にて攪拌・混合することにより、硬化性組成物を得た。なお、表1に記載された配合量の単位は重量部である。
〔硬化性化合物〕
PG-100 : フルオレン系エポキシ化合物(大阪ガスケミカル(株)製、商品名「PG-100」)
EG-200 : フルオレン系エポキシ化合物(大阪ガスケミカル(株)製、商品名「EG-200」)
827 : ビスフェノールA型エポキシ化合物(三菱化学(株)製、商品名「jER827」)
C1 : 3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル(3,4-エポキシ)シクロヘキサンカルボキシレート
C2 : 3,4,3',4'-ジエポキシビシクロヘキシル
EA-F5503 : フルオレン系アクリル化合物(大阪ガスケミカル(株)製、商品名「オグソールEA-F5503」)
IRR-214K : 脂環アクリル化合物(ダイセル・サイテック(株)製、商品名「IRR-214K」)
〔熱カチオン重合開始剤〕
SI-100L : 芳香族スルホニウム塩(三新化学工業(株)製、商品名「サンエイドSI-100L)
〔熱ラジカル重合開始剤〕
パーヘキサC : 1,1-ジ(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン(日油(株)製、商品名「パーヘキサC」、1分間半減期温度:153.8℃)
〔酸化防止剤〕
IRG1010 : ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェノール)プロピオネート](BASF社製、商品名「IRGANOX1010」)
〔離型剤〕
E-1630 : 3-パーフルオロヘキシル-1,2-エポキシプロパン(ダイキン工業(株)製、商品名「E-1630」)
以下の手順で硬化物を調製した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた硬化性組成物につき、インプリント成型機(明昌機工(株)製「NANOIMPRINTER NM-0501」)を使用して、25℃にて塗布(キャスティング)を行った後、プレス軸位置を調整して厚み0.5mmとし、昇温速度20℃/分にて180℃まで昇温した後、180℃にて5分間保持し、80℃まで冷却した後に離型した。得られた硬化物(「一次硬化物」とする)を、予め180℃に熱したオーブンにて30分間加熱した後、硬化物(「二次硬化物」とする)を得た。
実施例及び比較例で得られた硬化性組成物について、レオメーター(Paar Physica社製「PHYSICA UDS200」)を使用して、温度25℃、回転速度20/秒における粘度(Pa・s)を測定した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた硬化性組成物について、示差走査熱量計(ティー・エイ・インスツルメント社製「Q2000」)を使用して、窒素雰囲気下にて、下記の温度条件における硬化発熱量を測定し、これを硬化性組成物の硬化発熱量とした。続いて、上記で得られた一次硬化物につき、同温度条件における硬化発熱量を、一次硬化物の中心部と周辺部(各々、該当箇所を刃物で切り出して取得)において測定し、その平均値を一次硬化物の硬化発熱量とした。そして、硬化率を下記式にて算出した。
温度条件:50℃にて3分間保持した後、昇温速度20℃/分にて250℃まで昇温し、250℃で3分間保持
硬化率(%)={1-(一次硬化物の硬化発熱量)/(硬化性組成物の硬化発熱量)}×100
実施例及び比較例で得られた硬化性組成物について、示差走査熱量計(ティー・エイ・インスツルメント社製「Q2000」)を使用して、窒素雰囲気下にて、上述の硬化開始温度測定時の条件で加熱した際の硬化発熱量(反応熱量)を観測した。得られた硬化発熱量のチャートにおいて、硬化発熱の立ち上がり温度(ベースラインからの立ち上がりが開始する温度)を、硬化開始温度として測定した。
上記で得られた二次硬化物(厚み:0.5mm)の内部透過率を下記式にて算出した。なお、400nmにおける光線透過率(二次硬化物の光線透過率)は、分光光度計(日立ハイテクノロジーズ(株)製「U-3900」)を使用して測定した。下記式におけるnは、400nmにおける屈折率であり、後述の屈折率の測定方法により得た値を使用した。
内部透過率(400nm)(%)=400nmにおける光線透過率(%)/(1-r)2
r={(n-1)/(n+1)}2
上記で得られた二次硬化物について、JIS K7142に準拠した方法により、屈折率計(メトリコン社製「Model 2010」)を使用して、25℃での589nmにおける屈折率を測定した。
上記で得られた二次硬化物のアッベ数を、下記式にて算出した。
アッベ数=(nd-1)/(nF-nC)
(式中、ndは589.2nmにおける屈折率、nFは486.1nmにおける屈折率、nCは656.3nmにおける屈折率を示す。なお、屈折率の値としては、前述の屈折率の測定方法を使用し、前記各波長において得られた屈折率の値を使用した。)
上記で得られた二次硬化物の体積収縮率(%)は、硬化性組成物の25℃における比重(G1)、及び二次硬化物の比重(G2)を、電子比重計((株)島津製作所製「SD-200L」)を使用して測定した後、下記式にて算出した。
体積収縮率(%)={(G2-G1)/G1×100}
上記で得られた二次硬化物のガラス転移温度(ガラス転移点)(Tg、℃)は、TMA測定装置(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製「TMA/SS100」)を使用し、JIS K7197に準拠した方法により、窒素雰囲気下にて、昇温速度5℃/分で、測定温度範囲30~250℃における熱膨張率を測定した後、ガラス転移点の前及び後の曲線に接線を引き、これら接線の交点から求めた。
上記で得られた二次硬化物の線膨張係数は、TMA測定装置(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製「TMA/SS100」)を使用し、JIS K7197に準拠した方法により、窒素雰囲気下にて、昇温速度5℃/分で、測定温度範囲30~250℃における熱膨張率を測定した後、ガラス転移点より低温側の直線の勾配をα1、ガラス転移点より高温側の直線の勾配をα2とし、各々を線膨張係数として求めた。
上記で得られた二次硬化物について、卓上リフロー炉(シンアペック社製)を使用して、JEDEC規格記載の温度プロファイルに基づき、最高温度270℃のリフロー条件の耐熱性試験を連続して3回行った後、400nmにおける光線透過率及び400nmにおける屈折率を前述した測定方法により測定し、耐熱性試験後における内部透過率を求めた。耐熱性試験前後の内部透過率から、黄変率(%)を下記式にて算出し、耐熱性を評価した。なお、黄変率が小さいほど、硬化物の耐熱性は良好である。
黄変率(%)={(耐熱性試験前の内部透過率)-(耐熱性試験後の内部透過率)}/(耐熱性試験前の内部透過率)×100
Claims (13)
- エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)、芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)、及び熱カチオン硬化剤(C)を含む硬化性組成物であって、エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)が、エポキシ化された環状オレフィン基を少なくとも2個有する化合物であることを特徴とする硬化性組成物。
- エポキシ化された環状オレフィン基が、炭素数5~12の環状オレフィン基がエポキシ化された基である請求項1に記載の硬化性組成物。
- エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)が、エポキシ化された環状オレフィン基の少なくとも2個が単結合又は2価の炭化水素基で結合された構造を有する化合物である請求項1又は2に記載の硬化性組成物。
- エステル基を有しない脂環エポキシ化合物(A)の含有量が、硬化性組成物の総量(100重量%)に対して、10~60重量%である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)が、脂環エポキシ基、グリシジル基、及びオキセタニル基からなる群より選択された少なくとも1種のカチオン硬化性官能基を有する請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 芳香環を有するカチオン重合性化合物(B)の含有量が、硬化性組成物の総量(100重量%)に対して、40~90重量%である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 硬化開始温度が60~150℃である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 硬化させて得られる硬化物のアッベ数が35以下である請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- さらに、カチオン硬化性官能基を有する離型剤を含む請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 光学部材形成用組成物である請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物。
- 請求項10に記載の硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物を有する光学部材。
- 請求項12に記載の光学部材を有する光学装置。
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JP2016085369A (ja) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-05-19 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社Samsung SDI Co.,Ltd. | 偏光板及びこれを備える画像表示装置 |
WO2017033056A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2017-03-02 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Epoxy resin compositions and fiber-reinforced composite materials prepared therefrom |
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KR102293898B1 (ko) | 2019-09-16 | 2021-08-26 | 주식회사 트리엘 | 신규한 트리아진 유도체 및 이를 포함하는 열경화성 또는 감광성 조성물 |
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JP6474719B2 (ja) | 2019-02-27 |
JP6700369B2 (ja) | 2020-05-27 |
KR101839196B1 (ko) | 2018-03-15 |
TW201439191A (zh) | 2014-10-16 |
CN104981496B (zh) | 2019-06-14 |
JPWO2014129343A1 (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
KR20150118162A (ko) | 2015-10-21 |
CN104981496A (zh) | 2015-10-14 |
TWI652302B (zh) | 2019-03-01 |
JP2019052315A (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
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