WO2014109506A1 - 반도체 기판 - Google Patents
반도체 기판 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014109506A1 WO2014109506A1 PCT/KR2014/000021 KR2014000021W WO2014109506A1 WO 2014109506 A1 WO2014109506 A1 WO 2014109506A1 KR 2014000021 W KR2014000021 W KR 2014000021W WO 2014109506 A1 WO2014109506 A1 WO 2014109506A1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 220
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/36—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities in the bulk material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02439—Materials
- H01L21/02455—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/02458—Nitrides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02494—Structure
- H01L21/02496—Layer structure
- H01L21/02505—Layer structure consisting of more than two layers
- H01L21/02507—Alternating layers, e.g. superlattice
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02538—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/0254—Nitrides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/20—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
- H01L29/2003—Nitride compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/20—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
- H01L29/201—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds including two or more compounds, e.g. alloys
- H01L29/205—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds including two or more compounds, e.g. alloys in different semiconductor regions, e.g. heterojunctions
Definitions
- Embodiments relate to semiconductor substrates.
- a solar cell As the electronic device, a solar cell, a photo detector, or a light emitting device may be used.
- Such an electronic device may be manufactured based on a semiconductor substrate.
- the semiconductor substrate includes a growth substrate and a compound semiconductor layer grown thereon.
- Conventional semiconductor substrates have a problem in that dislocations are generated due to a lattice constant difference between the growth substrate and the compound semiconductor layer, thereby deteriorating crystallinity.
- the lattice constant difference and thermal expansion coefficient difference between the growth substrate and the compound semiconductor layer cause stress. That is, the balance between the compressive strain during growth of the compound semiconductors and the tensile strain during cooling to room temperature after the growth of the compound semiconductors is not balanced, resulting in cracks or growth in the compound semiconductor layer. The board is broken.
- the embodiment provides a semiconductor substrate capable of improving the crystallinity by controlling the potential.
- the embodiment provides a semiconductor substrate capable of increasing the thickness of the semiconductor layer, which controls the stress to function substantially as an electronic device.
- a semiconductor substrate includes a substrate; A seed layer disposed on the substrate; A buffer layer disposed on the seed layer; And a plurality of nitride semiconductor layers disposed on the buffer layer, and including at least one stress control layer between the plurality of nitride semiconductor layers.
- a semiconductor substrate includes a substrate; A seed layer disposed on the substrate; A buffer layer disposed on the seed layer; A crystalline control layer disposed on the buffer layer; At least one stress control layer between the plurality of nitride semiconductor layers and the plurality of nitride semiconductor layers disposed on the crystalline control layer, the crystalline control layer including one or more mask layers, and
- the buffer layer includes a plurality of step regions and one or more release regions, the plurality of step regions including a first step region and a second step region adjacent to the seed layer, wherein the seed layer and the plurality of steps The region includes Al, and the Al content difference between the seed layer and the first step region is 30% to 60%.
- the embodiment includes a buffer layer including a plurality of step regions having different Al contents from each other, and the Al content of the step region of the lowest region of the buffer layer in contact with the seed layer is at least 30% smaller than the Al content of the seed layer, By maximizing the shrinkage stress, a crack-free and thick conductive semiconductor layer can be grown.
- the upper surface of the semiconductor layer on the release region may be planar to improve crystallinity.
- the release region blocks dislocations generated in the buffer layer, thereby minimizing the generation of dislocations in the nitride semiconductor layer formed on the release region, thereby improving crystallinity.
- the release region is disposed between the step regions of the buffer layer, the stress is controlled by the release region and the step region, so that cracks do not occur in the nitride semiconductor layer formed on the buffer layer and the growth substrate is not broken.
- the dislocation of the buffer layer may be primarily blocked by the mask pattern of the mask layer, and the dislocation that proceeds in the vertical direction between the mask patterns may be induced in the horizontal direction so that the dislocation of the buffer layer may not proceed further in the vertical direction.
- almost no electric potential is generated in the nitride semiconductor formed on the mask layer, and the crystallinity decrease due to the electric potential can be prevented.
- the embodiment forms a crystallization control layer including a plurality of mask layers and a plurality of nitride semiconductor layers, thereby increasing the shrinkage stress, thereby canceling the tensile stress generated during cooling by a post process. Not only does a crack generate
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating Al content of the buffer layer of FIG. 1.
- 3 is a graph illustrating a stress state according to an Al content difference between the seed layer and the first step region.
- FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating a stress state according to an Al content difference between the second step region and the third step region.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a stress state according to the number of step regions.
- 6A to 6C are diagrams illustrating a surface state of a semiconductor substrate according to the number of step regions.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a stress state according to the thickness of the step region.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing the surface state of a semiconductor substrate according to the thickness of the step region.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating Al content of the buffer layer of FIG. 9.
- FIG. 11 is a TEM photograph illustrating the semiconductor substrate of FIG. 9.
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating Al content of the buffer layer of FIG. 12.
- FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the mask layer of FIG. 14.
- FIG. 16 is a photograph illustrating the semiconductor substrate of FIG. 14.
- 17 is a diagram illustrating crystallinity of the semiconductor substrate of FIG. 14.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a defect density of the semiconductor substrate of FIG. 14.
- 19 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of the crystallinity control layer of FIG. 19.
- Example 21 is a graph showing the crystallinity in Comparative Example, Example 4 and Example 5.
- the top (bottom) or the bottom (bottom) is the two components are mutually It includes both direct contact or one or more other components disposed between and formed between the two components.
- up (up) or down (down) may include the meaning of the down direction as well as the up direction based on one component.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the first embodiment.
- the semiconductor substrate according to the first embodiment includes a growth substrate 1, a seed layer 3, a buffer layer 20, a first nitride semiconductor layer 30, a stress control layer 40, and a second layer.
- the nitride semiconductor layer 50 may be included.
- At least one stress control layer 40 may be formed, but is not limited thereto.
- the semiconductor substrate according to the first embodiment may serve as a base substrate for manufacturing an electronic device, that is, a solar cell, a photo detector, or a light emitting device, but is not limited thereto.
- the seed layer 3, the buffer layer 20, the first nitride semiconductor layer 30, the stress control layer 40 and the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 are group II-VI and / or III-V. It may be formed of a group compound semiconductor material, but is not limited thereto.
- the growth substrate 1 may be formed of at least one selected from the group consisting of sapphire (Al 2 O 3), SiC, Si, GaAs, GaN, ZnO, GaP, InP, and Ge.
- the growth substrate 1 may include Si, but is not limited thereto.
- the seed layer 3 is an epitaxial layer formed on the growth substrate 1, that is, a buffer layer 20, a first nitride semiconductor layer 30, a stress control layer 40, and a second nitride semiconductor layer 50. It can serve as a seed (seed) for easily forming the.
- the seed layer 3 may be Al x 1 Ga (1-x1) N, but is not limited thereto.
- X1 may be 0.7 to 1, but is not limited thereto.
- the seed layer 3 may be grown at high temperatures, such as 1050 ° C. to 1100 ° C., but is not limited thereto. That is, the seed layer 3 may be grown at low temperature, for example 900 ° C. When the seed layer 3 is grown at a low temperature, the film quality of the seed layer 3 is close to amorphous, so that the crystal structure of the growth substrate 1 is less affected. Therefore, less crystal defects due to lattice mismatch between the growth substrate 1 and the seed layer 3 may occur.
- Dislocations due to lattice constants or stresses due to lattice constants and thermal expansion coefficients may be generated between the growth substrate 1 and the epi layer. Such stress may contribute to cracking in the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 directly or indirectly.
- the buffer layer 20 may be grown between the seed layer 3 and the second nitride semiconductor layer 50.
- the buffer layer 20 can alleviate the lattice constant difference between the growth substrate 1 and the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 to suppress the potential generated in the second nitride semiconductor layer 50.
- the buffer layer 20 may be grown at, for example, 1050 ° C to 1100 ° C, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the buffer layer 20 may be grown to 1070 ° C., but is not limited thereto.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 may be grown on the buffer layer 20.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 may be GaN, but is not limited thereto.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 reduces the tensile stress that may be generated in the seed layer 3 due to the difference in lattice constant and thermal expansion coefficient with the growth substrate 1. compressive strain), but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the semiconductor substrate according to the first embodiment is subjected to tensile stress. Therefore, when the epitaxial layer is grown on the growth substrate 1, the shrinkage stress must be increased in advance, so that the shrinkage stress cancels the tensile stress generated in the cooling process to room temperature and ultimately maintains the equilibrium state of the stress. Therefore, not only cracks are generated in the second nitride semiconductor layer 50, but the growth substrate 1 is not broken.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 may be an undoped semiconductor layer containing no dopant, but is not limited thereto. That is, the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 may be a second nitride semiconductor layer 50 including a dopant.
- the stress control layer 40 may be grown on the first nitride semiconductor layer 30, but is not limited thereto.
- the stress control layer 40 may serve to further increase the shrinkage stress caused by the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 to maintain the equilibrium state of the stress upon cooling to room temperature later. have.
- the stress control layer 40 may be grown at low temperature, for example, 850 ° C to 950 ° C, but is not limited thereto. That is, the stress control layer 40 may be grown at high temperature, for example, 1050 ° C to 1100 ° C.
- the stress control layer 40 may be AlN, but is not limited thereto.
- the shrinkage stress may be greater.
- the stress control layer 40 may have a multilayer structure of AlGaN / AlN / AlGaN, but is not limited thereto.
- the Al concentration of the AlN layer is greater than the Al concentration of the AlGaN layer, and the Al content of AlGaN may be changed linearly or stepwise, but not limited thereto.
- the stress control layer 40 may have a multilayer structure in which one cycle including AlGaN / AlN / AlGaN is repeated, but is not limited thereto.
- the stress control layer 40 may have a multilayer structure in which AlGaN and AlN are alternately formed, but are not limited thereto.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 is grown on the stress control layer 40 and may include an n-type dopant, but is not limited thereto.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 may include a p-type dopant.
- Si, Ge, Sn, etc. may be used as the n-type dopant, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Mg, Zn, Ca, Sr, Ba, etc. may be used as the p-type dopant, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 may be an undoped or non-conductive semiconductor layer containing no dopant.
- a plurality of conductive semiconductor layers or a plurality of non-conductive semiconductor layers may be formed on the second nitride semiconductor layer 50, but embodiments are not limited thereto.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 may play a substantial function for implementing a solar cell, a photo detector, or a light emitting device.
- another conductive semiconductor layer may be grown on the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 so that a function of a photo detector or a solar cell may be implemented, but is not limited thereto.
- an active layer is grown on the second nitride semiconductor layer 50, and another conductive semiconductor layer is grown on the active layer, so that the function of the light emitting device may be implemented, but is not limited thereto.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 and the another conductive semiconductor layer may include dopants of opposite types to each other.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 includes an n-type dopant
- the another conductive semiconductor layer may include a p-type dopant, but is not limited thereto.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 having no thickness and no crack can be grown by increasing shrinkage stress as much as possible.
- the buffer layer 20 may include a plurality of step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 having different Al contents.
- the buffer layer 20 may include first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17, but is not limited thereto.
- the lowermost region of the buffer layer 20 in contact with the top surface of the seed layer 3 is the first step region 5 and the uppermost region of the buffer layer 20 in contact with the back surface of the first nitride semiconductor layer 30. This may be the seventh step area 17.
- the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 may include the same nitride semiconductor material.
- the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 may include Al x Ga (1-x) N.
- x may be different from each other in the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17.
- the first step region 5 includes Al x 2 Ga (1-x2) N
- the second step region 7 includes Al x 3 Ga (1-x3) N
- the third step The region 9 may include Al x4 Ga (1-x4) N
- the fourth step region 11 may include Al x5 Ga (1-x5) N
- the fifth step region 13 may include Al x6 Ga (1-x6) N
- the sixth step region 15 may include Al x7 Ga (1-x7) N
- Region 17 may include Al x 8 Ga (1-x9) N.
- x2 of the first step region 5 may be 0.3 to 0.6 smaller than x1 of the seed layer 3, the present inventive concept is not limited thereto.
- x1 is 1, that is, when the seed layer 3 includes AlN
- x2 of the first step region 5 may be 0.4 to 0.7.
- the difference in Al content between the seed layer and the first step region is 0.1.
- the difference in Al content (x2-x1) between the seed layer 3 and the first step region 5 is 0.3.
- the Al content difference (x2-x1) between the seed layer 3 and the first step region 5 is 0.5.
- Comparative Example 1 shows a shrinkage stress of 78.3.
- the shrinkage stress is 92.8
- the shrinkage stress is 97.5.
- the Al content difference between the seed layer 3 and the first step region 5 has a maximum shrinkage stress at 0.3 to 0.6.
- x3 of the second step area 7 may be 0.2 to 0.4 smaller than x2 of the first step area 5, but is not limited thereto.
- the Al content difference (x3-x2) between the first step region 5 and the second step region 7 can increase the shrinkage stress at 0.2 to 0.4.
- the Al content of the third to seventh step regions 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 may be reduced linearly or nonlinearly, but is not limited thereto.
- the Al contents of the third to seventh step regions 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 are 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.3, and 0.1, respectively, and the Al content differences ( ⁇ V3, ⁇ V4, ⁇ V5, ⁇ V6, ⁇ V7) may be uniform to 0.1.
- the Al content of the third to seventh step regions 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 is 0.5, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1, and 0.05, respectively, and the Al content difference ( ⁇ V3, ⁇ V4 on adjacent step regions). , ⁇ V5, ⁇ V6, ⁇ V7) may not be constant.
- the Al content difference ⁇ V4 between the third and fourth step regions 9 and 11 is 0.2, whereas the Al content difference ⁇ V5 between the fourth and fifth step regions 11 and 13 may be 0.1. .
- the semiconductor substrate according to the first embodiment includes a buffer layer 20 including a plurality of step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 having different Al contents, and the seed layer 3.
- the Al content of the step region 5 in the lowermost region of the buffer layer 20 which is in contact with the buffer layer 20 is at least 30% smaller than the Al content of the seed layer 3, thereby maximizing the shrinkage stress, thereby increasing the crack-free and thick second nitride semiconductor layer. 50 can be grown.
- the number of step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 included in the buffer layer 20 may be 5 to 10, but is not limited thereto.
- Comparative Example 3 is a case where the number of step regions is three
- Comparative Example 4 is a case where the number of step regions is five
- Example 4 is a step region (5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15). , 17) is seven.
- FIG. 6A illustrates the state of the semiconductor substrate in Comparative Example 3 of FIG. 5, that is, the state of the conductive semiconductor layer
- FIG. 6B illustrates the surface state of the conductive semiconductor layer in Comparative Example 4 of FIG. 5.
- 6C shows the state of the conductive semiconductor layer in Example 4 of FIG.
- the shrinkage stress increases, and due to the increase in the shrinkage stress, the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 of the semiconductor substrate 50 is increased. It is confirmed that cracks are not reduced or occur in the process.
- the thicknesses of the step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 included in the buffer layer 20 may be different from each other or the same, but the thickness is not limited thereto.
- Each thickness of the step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 included in the buffer layer 20 may be 100 nm to 150 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- each thickness of the step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 included in the buffer layer 20 may be 130 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- Comparative Example 5 is a case where the thickness of each step region is 91 nm
- Comparative Example 6 is a case where the thickness of each step region is 149.5 nm.
- the thickness of each step area 5 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 is 130 nm.
- FIG. 8A shows the state of the conductive semiconductor layer in Comparative Example 5 of FIG. 7, and FIG. 8B shows the state of the conductive semiconductor layer in Example 5.
- FIG. 8A shows the state of the conductive semiconductor layer in Comparative Example 5 of FIG. 7, and FIG. 8B shows the state of the conductive semiconductor layer in Example 5.
- FIG. 8B shows the state of the conductive semiconductor layer in Example 5.
- Example 5 Comparative Example 6
- each step region 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 of the buffer layer 20 may be 100 nm to 150 nm.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the second embodiment.
- the second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except for a buffer layer 20 comprising a plurality of step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and one release region 62. Similar. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to components having the same shape and function as the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the semiconductor substrate according to the second embodiment may include a growth substrate 1, a seed layer 3, a buffer layer 20, a first nitride semiconductor layer 30, a stress control layer 40, and a second layer.
- the nitride semiconductor layer 50 may be included.
- the buffer layer 20 may include first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 and a release region 62.
- the release region 62 is between the first and second step regions 5 and 7, between the second and third step regions 7 and 9, and the third and fourth step regions 9 and 11. Between one of the fourth and fifth step regions 11 and 13, between the fifth and sixth step regions 13 and 15 and between the sixth and seventh step regions 15 and 17.
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the release region 62 is disposed between the sixth and seventh step regions 15 and 17, but the second embodiment is not limited thereto.
- the release region 62 may include a nitride semiconductor material different from the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17.
- the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 may include Al x Ga (1-x) N.
- x may be different from each other in the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17.
- the Al content (x2) of the first step region 5 may be 0.3 to 0.6 smaller than the Al content (x2) of the seed layer 3, but is not limited thereto.
- the release region 62 may include Al x In y Ga (1-xy) N.
- y may be 0 or greater than 0 and 1 or less than 1 (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), but is not limited thereto.
- the release region 62 may be one of InN, InGaN, and GaN, but is not limited thereto.
- the release region 62 may be a non-conductive semiconductor layer containing no dopant, but is not limited thereto.
- the Al contents (x2 to x8) of the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 are different from each other.
- the Al content (x) of the release region 62 may be zero.
- FIG. 11 (a) and 11 (b) are SEM pictures of different equipment.
- Figure 11 (a) shows whether or not dislocations
- Figure 11 (b) shows the surface roughness.
- the surface roughness is largely generated under the release region 62, but the surface roughness is very small above the release region 62, which is the surface of the seventh step region 17.
- the top surface of each of the first and second nitrides 30 and 50 on the seventh step area 17 may be a plane. Accordingly, crystallinity of the first and second nitride semiconductor layers 30 and 50 may be improved.
- the release region 62 is formed between one of the plurality of step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 of the buffer layer 20, thereby being formed on the release region 62.
- the surface of the seventh step region 17 may have a substantially flat surface shape. That is, surface roughness generated by the release region 62 due to the first to sixth step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 formed below the release region 62. By mitigating, the surface of the seventh step region 17 formed on the release region 62 may be substantially planar.
- the second embodiment forms a release region 62 by forming a release region 62 between any one of the plurality of step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 of the buffer layer 20.
- the upper surface of the semiconductor layer above (62) can be made flat to improve crystallinity.
- the release region 62 blocks dislocations traveling from the seed layer 3 through the first to sixth step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15, As a result, crystallinity may be improved by minimizing the generation of dislocations in the nitride semiconductor layers 30 and 50 formed on the release region 62.
- the release region 62 is disposed between the sixth and seventh step regions 15 and 17, for example, so that the release region 62 and the step region 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 , 17), the stress is controlled, so that the crack does not occur in the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 and the growth substrate 1 is not broken.
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the third embodiment.
- the third embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, in which the plurality of release regions 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e, 62f have the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17) is arranged between.
- the following description is briefly described above, and details not described below will be readily understood from the first and second embodiments.
- the semiconductor substrate according to the third exemplary embodiment may include a growth substrate 1, a seed layer 3, a buffer layer 20, a first nitride semiconductor layer 30, a stress control layer 40, and a second layer.
- the nitride semiconductor layer 50 may be included.
- the buffer layer 20 may include first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17, and the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17) may include first to sixth release regions 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e, and 62f.
- the first release region 62a is formed between the first and second step regions 5 and 7, and the second release region 62b is the second and third step regions 7 and 9. It may be formed between).
- the third release region 62c is formed between the third and fourth step regions 9 and 11, and the fourth release region 62d is between the fourth and fifth step regions 11 and 13. Can be formed on.
- the fifth release region 62e is formed between the fifth and sixth step regions 13 and 15, and the sixth release region 62f is between the sixth and seventh step regions 15 and 17. Can be formed on.
- the release regions 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e, and 62f may not be formed in all of the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17. .
- no release region 62a is formed between the first and second step regions 5 and 7, and all between the second to seventh step regions 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17.
- the release regions 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e, and 62e may be formed but are not limited thereto.
- the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 may include Al x Ga (1-x) N.
- x may be different from each other in the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17.
- the first to sixth release regions 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e and 62f may include Al x In y Ga (1-xy) N.
- y may be 0 or greater than 0 and 1 or less than 1 (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), but is not limited thereto.
- the In contents (y) of the first to sixth release regions 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e, and 62f may be the same or different from each other, but are not limited thereto.
- the Al content (x2 to x8) of the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 is reduced, and the first to sixth releases are reduced.
- the Al content (x) of the regions 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e, 62f may be zero.
- the first to seventh layers include nitride semiconductor materials different from the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 between the first to seventh steps.
- nitride semiconductor materials different from the first to seventh step regions 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 between the first to seventh steps.
- FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the fourth embodiment.
- the fourth embodiment is substantially similar to the first embodiment except for the mask layer 70 formed between the buffer layer 20 and the first nitride semiconductor layer 30. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to components having the same shape and function as the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the mask layer 70 may be equally applied to the second and third embodiments.
- the semiconductor substrate according to the fourth exemplary embodiment may include a growth substrate 1, a seed layer 3, a buffer layer 20, a mask layer 70, a first nitride semiconductor layer 30, and a stress control layer. 40 and the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 may be included.
- the mask layer 70 may be formed on the buffer layer 20, specifically, the seventh step region 17.
- the mask layer 70 may be in contact with the top surface of the seventh step region 17.
- the mask layer 70 may be formed by being inserted into the first nitride semiconductor layer 30.
- the mask layer 70 may be silicon nitride (SiNx) or boron nitride (BN), but is not limited thereto.
- a Si 2 H 6 gas and NH 3 gas may be mixed and sprayed on the buffer layer 20 to form a mask layer 70 including silicon nitride (SiNx) on the buffer layer 20.
- SiNx silicon nitride
- the mask layer 70 may include a plurality of mask patterns 71.
- the mask pattern 71 may have various shapes, such as a triangle, a rectangle, a polygon, and the like, when viewed in the lateral direction, but is not limited thereto.
- the mask pattern 71 may have various shapes such as a triangle, a square, a hexagon, a circle, an ellipse, and the like, when viewed from the upper direction, but is not limited thereto.
- the mask pattern 71 may be formed at random, but is not limited thereto.
- the mask pattern 71 may have protrusions protruding upward from an upper surface of the buffer layer 20, specifically, the seventh step area 17.
- the potential generated in the buffer layer 20 is blocked by the plurality of mask patterns 71 formed as described above, the potential blocked by the mask pattern 71 no longer proceeds to the first nitride semiconductor layer 30. Will not. Therefore, the number of dislocations of the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 can be drastically reduced to lower the defect density.
- the seventh step region 17 of the buffer layer 20 may be exposed between the mast patterns 71.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 may be formed on the mask layer 70.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 may be formed on the seventh step region 17 of the buffer layer 20 and the mask pattern 71 of the mask layer 70.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 partially contacts the upper surface of the seventh step region 17 of the buffer layer 20, and contacts the upper surface or the inclined surface of the mask pattern 71 of the mask layer 70.
- this is not limitative.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 may be grown in three dimensions in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction from an inclined surface or a side surface of the mask pattern 71.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 grown in the vertical and horizontal directions from the adjacent mask pattern 71 may be merged and then grown in two dimensions in the horizontal direction.
- the mask pattern 71 may be grown in a horizontal direction.
- the potential that is not blocked by the mask pattern 71 and proceeds between the mask patterns 71 is increased in the buffer layer ( 20 may proceed in a horizontal direction rather than a vertical direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the seventh step area 17.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 is grown in two dimensions. It may proceed in the horizontal direction.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 may have an excellent film quality and grow at least 3.2 ⁇ m or more in a state where there is almost no defect.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating crystallinity of the semiconductor substrate of FIG. 14.
- FIG. 17A is a diagram showing the crystallinity of the entire region of the semiconductor substrate
- FIG. 17B is a diagram showing the histogram of the crystallinity of the entire region of the semiconductor substrate.
- the potential of the buffer layer 20 is primarily blocked by the mask pattern 71 of the mask layer 70, and the potential propagated in the vertical direction between the mask patterns 71 is induced in the horizontal direction. So that it no longer proceeds vertically.
- dislocations are hardly generated in the upper region of the first nitride semiconductor or the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 formed on the first nitride semiconductor layer 30, thereby preventing a decrease in crystallinity caused by the dislocation. have.
- 19 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor substrate according to the fifth embodiment.
- the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as in the first embodiment except for the crystalline control layer 80 comprising a plurality of mask layers 70a, 70b, 70c and a plurality of nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, 72c. Similar to Therefore, in the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to components having the same shape and function as the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The contents omitted from the following description will be easily understood from the first embodiment or the fourth embodiment.
- the mask layers 70a, 70b, 70c can be equally applied to the second and third embodiments.
- the semiconductor substrate according to the fifth embodiment may include a growth substrate 1, a seed layer 3, a buffer layer 20, a crystalline control layer 80, a first nitride semiconductor layer 30, and a stress.
- the control layer 40 and the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 may be included.
- the crystalline control layer 80 may include a plurality of mask layers 70a, 70b, and 70c and a plurality of nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, and 72c.
- the mask layers 70a, 70b and 70c and the nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b and 72c may be alternately stacked.
- a first mask layer 70a is formed on the buffer layer 20, specifically, the seventh step region 17, and a first nitride semiconductor layer 72a is formed on the first mask layer 70a.
- the second mask layer 70b may be formed on the first nitride semiconductor layer 72a, and the second nitride semiconductor layer 72b may be formed on the second mask layer 70b.
- a third mask layer 70c may be formed on the second nitride semiconductor layer 72b, and a third nitride semiconductor layer 72c may be formed on the third mask layer 70c.
- the first to third nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, and 72c may be Al x Ga (1-x) N (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), but embodiments are not limited thereto.
- each of the first to third mask layers 70a, 70b, and 70c may include a plurality of mask patterns 71.
- the first nitride semiconductor layer 72a may be in contact with the top surface or the inclined surface of the mask pattern 71 of the first mask layer 70a, the first nitride semiconductor layer 72a may be in contact with the top surface of the seventh step region 17 of the buffer layer 20. This is not limitative.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 72b may be in contact with the top surface or the inclined surface of the mask pattern 71 of the second mask layer 70b, but may be in contact with the top surface of the first nitride semiconductor layer 72a. Do not.
- the third nitride semiconductor layer 72c may be in contact with the top surface or the inclined surface of the mask pattern 71 of the third mask layer 70c, but may be in contact with the top surface of the second nitride semiconductor layer 72b, but is not limited thereto. Do not.
- the thicknesses of the first to third nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, and 72c may be grown to about 30 nm, but the thickness is not limited thereto.
- the mask layer 70a and the nitride semiconductor layer 72a are paired, they are formed in approximately 10 pairs, and the maximum thickness of the 10 pairs may be approximately 300 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- the crystallinity control layer 80 of the fifth embodiment may be formed in at least two pairs. Therefore, when the mask layer 70a and the nitride semiconductor layer 72a are paired, the crystallization control layer 80 may be composed of two to ten pairs.
- each of the first to third nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, and 72c may be greater than the thickness of each of the first to third mask layers 70a, 70b, and 70c. Therefore, each of the first to third nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, and 72c may be formed to cover the mask pattern 71 of the first to third mask layers 70a, 70b, and 70c, but It does not limit about.
- each of the first and second nitride semiconductor layers 72a and 72b may be set smaller than the thickness of the first and second mask layers 70a and 70b.
- the mask pattern 71 of each of the first and second mask layers 70a and 70b may protrude upward from an upper surface of each of the first and second nitride semiconductor layers 72a and 72b. Therefore, not only the protruding mask pattern 71 of the second mask layer 70b but also the mask pattern 71 of the third mask layer 70c may be formed on the second nitride semiconductor layer 72b. have.
- the thickness of the third nitride semiconductor layer 72c is set to be larger than the thickness of the third mask layer 70c, so that the third nitride semiconductor layer 72c is the protruding mask of the second mask layer 70b. It may be formed to cover the upper portion of the pattern 71 and the upper portion of the mask pattern 71 of the third mask layer 70c.
- each of the first to third nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, and 72c may be smaller than the thickness of the first to third mask layers 70a, 70b, and 70c.
- the first to third nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b and 72c may be grown using the mask patterns 71 of the first to third mask layers 70a, 70b and 70c as seeds.
- the first to third nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, and 72c may be grown in three dimensions and then in two dimensions.
- the comparative example has a crystallinity of approximately 500 arcsec
- Example 6 has a crystallinity of approximately 450 arcsec
- Example 7 has a crystallinity of approximately 380 arcsec.
- the comparative example is a case where no mask layer is formed
- the sixth embodiment is a case where one mask layer 70 is formed
- the seventh embodiment is a case where a plurality of mask layers 70a, 70b, 70c are formed.
- Example 6 is more excellent in crystallinity than Comparative Example, and Example 6 is more excellent in crystallinity than Example 7.
- a plurality of mask layers 70a, 70b, and 70c are formed, so that dislocations generated in the buffer layer 20 are transferred to the first and second nitride semiconductor layers 30 and 50 on the buffer layer 20. It can increase the probability of blocking progression to).
- the fifth embodiment is formed by the first to third nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b and 72c formed three-dimensionally and two-dimensionally on the first to third mask layers 70a, 70b and 70c.
- the fifth embodiment forms a plurality of mask layers 70a, 70b, 70c and a plurality of nitride semiconductor layers 72a, 72b, 72c to increase the shrinkage stress, thereby cooling the post-process.
- the growth substrate 1 has a diameter of 100 mm or more and a thickness of 650 ⁇ m, a thickness of the buffer layer 20 is approximately 1 ⁇ m, and a thickness of the first nitride semiconductor layer 30 is 1.0.
- the second nitride semiconductor layer 50 may be 2.0 ⁇ m or larger, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the embodiment can be a semiconductor substrate formed by forming a nitride semiconductor layer having a good crystallinity thickly, and thus it is possible to manufacture an electronic device such as a solar cell, a photo detector, or a light emitting device by using the semiconductor substrate. It can be widely used in the electronic device of the.
Abstract
Description
시드층(x1) | 제1 스텝 영역(x2) | ΔV1 | 응력(Curvature) | |
비교예 1 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.1 | -78.3 |
실시예 1 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.3 | -92.8 |
실시예 2 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | -97.5 |
제1 스텝 영역(x2) | 제2 스텝 영역(x3) | ΔV2 | 응력(Curvature) | |
비교예 2 | 0.5 | 0.425 | 0.075 | -64.0 |
실시예 3 | 0.7 | 0.425 | 0.275 | -81.8 |
Claims (26)
- 기판;상기 기판 상에 배치된 시드층;상기 시드층 상에 배치된 버퍼층; 및상기 버퍼층 상에 배치된 다수의 제1 질화물 반도체층을 포함하고,상기 다수의 제1 질화물 반도체층 사이에 적어도 하나의 응력 제어층을 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 응력 제어층은,AlN층; 및상기 AlN 층 위 및 아래 중 적어도 하나에 배치된 AlGaN층을 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 응력 제어층의 AlN층에서의 Al 농도는 상기 AlGaN 층에서의 Al 농도보다 큰 반도체 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 버퍼층은 다수의 스텝 영역을 포함하고,상기 스텝 영역은 AlxGa(1-x)N을 포함하고,상기 스텝 영역 각각의 x는 서로 상이한 반도체 기판
- 상기 버퍼층은 상기 다수의 스텝 영역 사이에 배치되는 하나 또는 둘 이상의 이형 영역을 더 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 다수의 스텝 영역은 서로 동일한 질화물 반도체 물질을 포함하고,상기 이형 영역은 상기 스텝 영역과 상이한 질화물 반도체 물질을 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 하나의 이형 영역은 상기 제1 질화물 반도체층에 인접한 2개의 스텝 영역 사이에 배치되는 반도체 기판.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 이형 영역은 AlxInyGa(1-x-y)N을 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 다수의 스텝 영역은 상기 시드층과 접하는 제1 스텝 영역, 상기 제1 스텝 영역과 인접하는 제2 스텝 영역 및 상기 제1 및 제2 스텝 영역을 제외한 나머지 스텝 영역들을 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 시드층과 상기 다수의 스텝 영역은 Al을 포함하고,상기 시드층과 상기 제1 스텝 영역 사이의 Al 함량 차이는 30% 내지 60%인 반도체 기판.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 스텝 영역은 10개 이하인 반도체 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다수의 제1 질화물 반도체층 중 최하층과 상기 버퍼층 사이에 배치된 결정성 제어층을 더 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 결정성 제어층은 다수의 마스크 패턴을 포함하는 마스크 층을 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 결정성 제어층은,상기 버퍼층 상에 배치된 다수의 마스크 층; 및상기 마스크 층 상에 배치된 다수의 제2 질화물 반도체층을 포함하고,상기 마스크 층과 상기 제2 질화물 반도체층은 교대로 배치되는 반도체 기판.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 마스크 층은 서로 이격된 다수의 마스크 패턴을 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 다수의 제2 질화물 반도체층 각각의 두께는 상기 다수의 마스크 층 각각의 두께보다 큰 반도체 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다수의 제1 질화물 반도체층 중 최상층은 도전형 반도체층인 반도체 기판.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 도전형 반도체층의 두께는 2.0㎛ 이상인 반도체 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 시드층은 Alx1Ga(1-x1)N이고, x은 0.7 내지 1인 반도체 기판.
- 기판;상기 기판 상에 배치된 시드층;상기 시드층 상에 배치된 버퍼층; 및상기 버퍼층 상에 배치된 결정성 제어층;상기 결정성 제어층 상에 배치된 다수의 제1 질화물 반도체층 및상기 다수의 제1 질화물 반도체층 사이에 적어도 하나의 응력 제어층을 포함하고,상기 결정성 제어층은 하나 또는 둘 이상의 마스크 층을 포함하고,상기 버퍼층은 다수의 스텝 영역과 하나 또는 둘 이상의 이형 영역을 포함하고,상기 다수의 스텝 영역은 상기 시드층과 인접하는 제1 스텝 영역 및 제2 스텝 영역을 포함하고,상기 시드층과 상기 다수의 스텝 영역은 Al을 포함하며,상기 시드층과 상기 제1 스텝 영역 사이의 Al 함량 차이는 30% 내지 60%인 반도체 기판.
- 제20항에 있어서,상기 결정성 제어층은 상기 둘 이상의 마스크 층 상에 배치된 다수의 제2 질화물 반도체층을 더 포함하는 반도체 기판.
- 제20항에 있어서,상기 마스크 층과 상기 제2 질화물 반도체층을 한 쌍으로 할 때, 상기 결정성 제어층은 2쌍 내지 10쌍으로 이루어지고,상기 결정성 제어층의 두께는 300nm인 반도체 기판.
- 제20항에 있어서,상기 제1 스텝 영역의 Al 함량은 상기 시드층의 Al 함량보다 작은 반도체 기판.
- 제20항에 있어서,상기 제2 스텝 영역의 Al 함량은 상기 제1 스텝 영역의 Al 함량보다20% 내지 40% 작은 반도체 기판.
- 제20항에 있어서,상기 스텝 영역 각각의 Al 함량은 상이하고,상기 이형 영역의 Al 함량은 0인 반도체 기판.
- 제20에 있어서,상기 다수의 제1 질화물 반도체층 중 최상층은 도전형 반도체층이고,상기 도전형 반도체층의 두께는 2.0㎛ 이상인 반도체 기판.
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US20170141195A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
EP2945186A4 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
EP2945186A1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
US9583575B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
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EP2945186B1 (en) | 2023-10-04 |
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