WO2014101524A1 - 一种下肢康复训练机器人 - Google Patents

一种下肢康复训练机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014101524A1
WO2014101524A1 PCT/CN2013/084941 CN2013084941W WO2014101524A1 WO 2014101524 A1 WO2014101524 A1 WO 2014101524A1 CN 2013084941 W CN2013084941 W CN 2013084941W WO 2014101524 A1 WO2014101524 A1 WO 2014101524A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bed frame
standing
hinged
bedstead
rehabilitation training
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/084941
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
顾捷
徐振华
Original Assignee
上海璟和技创机器人有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海璟和技创机器人有限公司 filed Critical 上海璟和技创机器人有限公司
Priority to EP13867378.5A priority Critical patent/EP2939646B1/en
Priority to US14/654,723 priority patent/US10010472B2/en
Publication of WO2014101524A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014101524A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0237Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the lower limbs
    • A61H1/0255Both knee and hip of a patient, e.g. in supine or sitting position, the feet being moved together in a plane substantially parallel to the body-symmetrical plane
    • A61H1/0262Walking movement; Appliances for aiding disabled persons to walk
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/10Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0237Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the lower limbs
    • A61H1/024Knee
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0237Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the lower limbs
    • A61H1/0244Hip
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0237Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the lower limbs
    • A61H1/0266Foot
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J11/00Manipulators not otherwise provided for
    • B25J11/008Manipulators for service tasks
    • B25J11/009Nursing, e.g. carrying sick persons, pushing wheelchairs, distributing drugs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/01Constructive details
    • A61H2201/0192Specific means for adjusting dimensions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/16Physical interface with patient
    • A61H2201/1602Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
    • A61H2201/164Feet or leg, e.g. pedal
    • A61H2201/1642Holding means therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/16Physical interface with patient
    • A61H2201/1657Movement of interface, i.e. force application means
    • A61H2201/1676Pivoting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/50Control means thereof
    • A61H2201/5023Interfaces to the user
    • A61H2201/5035Several programs selectable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2203/00Additional characteristics concerning the patient
    • A61H2203/04Position of the patient
    • A61H2203/0406Standing on the feet
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2203/00Additional characteristics concerning the patient
    • A61H2203/04Position of the patient
    • A61H2203/0443Position of the patient substantially horizontal
    • A61H2203/0456Supine
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S901/00Robots
    • Y10S901/02Arm motion controller
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S901/00Robots
    • Y10S901/27Arm part
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S901/00Robots
    • Y10S901/27Arm part
    • Y10S901/28Joint
    • Y10S901/29Wrist

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a lower limb rehabilitation training robot.
  • Rehabilitation is a new therapeutic discipline that promotes the rehabilitation of the physical and mental functions of patients and people with disabilities, and is also a new technical specialty. Its purpose is to enable people to restore as much as possible the daily life, study, work and labor, as well as the ability to live in society, to integrate into society and to improve the quality of life.
  • the current lower limb rehabilitation training robot can only ensure that the patient stands upright, and for patients in different rehabilitation stages, especially those in the early stage of rehabilitation, maintaining vertical standing can easily lead to discomfort.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a lower limb rehabilitation training robot comprising a bed frame support and a set on the bed frame support Stand frame, also includes:
  • a linear motion device disposed between the bed frame support and the standing bed frame and capable of sliding the standing bed frame along the bed frame support, a side of the linear motion device and the bed
  • the frame supports are connected, and the other side is hinged to the standing bed frame;
  • a pusher device for driving the erecting bed frame about its pivot point with the linear motion device
  • bionic leg disposed at one end of the other surface of the standing bed frame, the bionic leg being in contact with the standing bed frame;
  • the linear motion device specifically includes: a sliding frame whose upper surface is hingedly connected to the erecting bed frame, and a lower surface of which is provided with a linear slider; a light rod on the seat, the linear slider is slidably sleeved on the light rod.
  • the pusher device includes two oblique push rods and is distributed on two sides of the standing bed frame, and one end of the oblique push rod is hinged to the bed frame support The other end is connected to the standing bed frame.
  • the erecting bed frame specifically includes: a bed frame bottom plate hinged with the linear motion device, the bed frame bottom plate) being hinged with the push rod device;
  • Two vertical plates disposed on the bottom of the bed frame and oppositely disposed;
  • connecting plate erected on the two vertical plates and movable in a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate of the bed frame, the connecting plate being provided with a horizontal polished rod for mounting the bionic legs, the horizontal polished rod and the horizontal
  • the connecting plates are parallel.
  • the lower limb rehabilitation training robot further includes a telescopic link that is hinged to the connecting plate at one end and hinged to the bottom plate of the bed frame at the other end.
  • the bionic leg specifically includes: a hip joint that is sleeved on the horizontal polished rod and moves along an axial direction of the horizontal polished rod; and one end thereof is hinged to the hip joint First connector
  • a first polished rod disposed at the other end of the first connecting member; a knee joint provided with a first linear slider, the first linear slider is sleeved on the first polished rod, and slides along the first polished rod;
  • An ankle joint provided with a second linear slider, the second linear slider is sleeved on the second polished rod, and slides along the second polished rod;
  • a hip joint motor for driving the hip joint rotation and a knee joint motor for driving the knee joint rotation are provided.
  • the lower limb rehabilitation training robot further includes a gas spring whose one end is hinged to the ankle joint, and the other end of the gas spring is eccentrically hinged to the ankle joint and the foot pedal by a connecting piece. On the joint.
  • the bed plate is connected to the bed plate push rod hinged by the standing bed frame through one end thereof, and the other end of the bed plate push rod is hinged with the bed plate.
  • the above-described lower limb rehabilitation training robot further includes a driving device for driving the bed plate to move away from the bionic leg.
  • the above-mentioned lower limb rehabilitation training robot further includes a control system for controlling the movement gait of the bionic leg.
  • the present invention provides a lower limb rehabilitation training robot, comprising a bed frame support and a standing bed frame disposed on the bed frame support, the method further comprising: being disposed on the bed frame support and a linear motion device between the erecting bed frames and capable of sliding the standing bed frame along the bed frame support, one side of the linear motion device is connected to the bed frame base, and the other side is hinged with the erecting bed frame; a pusher device pivoted about its hinge point with the linear motion device; a bionic leg disposed at one end of the other surface of the standing bed frame, the bionic leg being hinged to the standing bed frame; disposed at the other end of the standing bed frame, To support the patient's bed board.
  • the patient can lie on the bed board and place the leg on the bionic leg.
  • the linear motion device By driving the linear motion device, the erecting bed frame is moved along the bed frame support, and the push rod device can be controlled to stand up, that is, The erecting bed frame and the bed frame support form a certain angle, and the operator can according to different patients
  • the physical energy needs to adjust the angle between the standing bed frame and the bed frame support, and therefore, the applicable range of the lower limb rehabilitation training robot can be effectively increased.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lower limb rehabilitation training robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a bed frame support equipped with an upper linear motion device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a standing bed frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a bionic leg according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another direction of a bionic leg according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection relationship between an ankle joint and a foot pedal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing another connection structure of an ankle joint and a foot pedal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a working state of a bed board of a lower limb rehabilitation training robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a lower limb rehabilitation training robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a lower limb rehabilitation training robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a lower limb rehabilitation training robot in a vertical position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of another direction of a lower limb rehabilitation training robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the core of the invention is to provide a lower limb rehabilitation training robot to adapt to patients in different rehabilitation stages and increase the scope of application.
  • the present invention discloses a lower limb rehabilitation training robot, comprising a bed frame support 1 and a standing bed frame 2 disposed on the bed frame support 1, and further comprising: a bed frame support a linear motion device 3 between the seat 1 and the standing bed frame 2 and capable of sliding the standing bed frame 2 along the bed frame support 1, one side of the linear motion device 3 is connected to the bed frame support 1, and the other side is a erecting bed frame 2 hinged; a pusher device 4 for driving the erecting bed frame 2 to rotate about a hinge point of the linear motion device 3; a bionic leg 5 disposed at one end of the other surface of the erecting bed frame 2, the bionic The leg 5 is hinged to the standing bed frame 2; it is disposed at the other end of the standing bed frame 2 for supporting the patient's bed board 6.
  • the patient can lie on the bed board 6 and place the leg on the bionic leg 5, by driving the linear motion device 3, moving the erecting bed frame 2 along the bed frame support 1, while controlling the pusher device 4 can
  • the erecting bed frame 2 stands up, that is, the angle between the erecting bed frame 2 and the bed frame pedestal 1 is formed, and the operator can adjust the angle between the erecting bed frame 2 and the bed frame pedestal 1 according to the physical requirements of different patients.
  • the size is adapted to the patients in different rehabilitation stages, and therefore, the range of application of the lower limb rehabilitation training robot can be effectively increased.
  • the patient in the early stage of rehabilitation can be lie flat and undergo rehabilitation training to prevent problems such as muscle atrophy caused by long-term non-exercise, and is more conducive to the later rehabilitation training.
  • the linear motion device 3 specifically includes: a sliding frame 31 whose upper surface is hingedly connected to the erecting bed frame 2, the lower surface of the sliding frame 31 is provided with a linear slider 32; A light rod 33 is mounted on the bed frame support 1, and the linear slider 32 is slidably sleeved on the light rod 33.
  • the sliding of the linear slider 32 on the polished rod 33 enables relative sliding between the standing bed frame 2 and the bed frame support 1, thereby realizing the purpose of adjusting the working position of the lower limb rehabilitation training robot.
  • the purpose of adjusting the position of the center of gravity of the entire robot is achieved to prevent the robot from tilting and to ensure the safety of the patient.
  • the linear motion device 3 can also be configured as a ball screw structure.
  • the lead screw guide is fixed to the bed frame support 1, and the lead screw nut mated with the lead screw guide is fixed to the erecting bed frame 2, and the lead screw nut is sleeved on the lead screw guide.
  • the motor can drive the screw guide to rotate, so that the screw nut can be transported along the lead screw.
  • the relative movement between the standing bed frame 2 and the bed frame support 1 is completed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above two connection modes, and other ways of realizing the movement of the standing bed frame 2 on the bed frame support 1 are also within the protection range.
  • the carriage 31 is provided as a square frame, and the linear sliders 32 are disposed on a pair of opposite sides of the carriage 31, and the optical bars 33 are two, distributed on both sides of the bed frame support 1.
  • the present invention ensures that it is engaged with the bed frame support 1 by arranging the carriage 3 as a square frame.
  • the linear sliders 32 are arranged on a pair of opposite sides of the carriage 31, and accordingly, the light bars 33 are arranged in two,
  • the linear sliders 32 are disposed in four and are respectively disposed on the two polished rods 33 to form two sliding rails.
  • the four linear sliders 32 are respectively disposed at the four vertex angles of the carriage 31.
  • the shape, size and material of the sliding frame 31 are not limited, and the designer can select according to different needs, and all of them are within the protection range.
  • the pusher device 4 is disposed as two inclined push rods 42 and distributed on both sides of the standing bed frame 2, wherein one end of each inclined push rod 42 and the bed The frame support 1 is hinged and the other end is hinged to the standing bed frame 2.
  • the erecting bed frame 2 is moved by the linear motion device 3, and the inclined push rod 42 drives the hinged bed frame 2 to be hinged to the linear motion device 3
  • the point is rotated to achieve the erecting process of the standing bed frame 2. This process can be achieved by ensuring that the erecting bed frame 2 is moved by the linear motion device 3, thereby erecting the standing bed frame 2.
  • the line connecting the end of the linear motion device 3 with the hinge point of the inclined push rod 42 and the standing bed frame 2 is set to be perpendicular to the straight line.
  • the diagonal pusher 42 is hinged by a fixed block 41 that is parallel to the standing bed frame 2.
  • a side of the fixing block 41 adjacent to the hinge point of the standing bed frame 2 and the linear motion device 3 is provided with a groove, and a rotating shaft is arranged on the groove, and the inclined push rod 42 is hinged by the rotating shaft. Since the other end of the fixing block 41 has a solid structure, the moving direction of the inclined push rod 42 can be restricted, and the movement of the inclined push rod 42 can be prevented from being reversed.
  • the inclined push rod can also be set as a telescopic telescopic rod with one end and a bed.
  • the frame support 1 is fixedly connected, and the other end is hinged to the standing bed frame 2.
  • the linear motion device 3 to move the erecting bed frame 2 along the bed frame support 1, it is ensured that the length of the telescopic rod is constant at the initial stage, so that the erecting bed frame 2 is hinged around the bed frame support 1
  • the hinge point is rotated to achieve the stand-up process of the standing bed frame 2.
  • the linear motion device 3 moves to the preset position, that is, the horizontal movement of the standing bed frame 2 on the bed frame support 1 reaches the preset position, the linear motion device 3 stops driving the erecting bed frame 2 to rotate around the hinge point, and then, The telescopic end of the telescopic rod is extended to increase its length, so that the erecting bed frame 2 continues to rotate around the hinge point until the vertical position is reached, completing the process of the standing bed frame 2 reaching the vertical state.
  • the linear movement device 3 realizes the purpose of adjusting the position of the center of gravity of the robot, and on the other hand, the process of lifting the standing frame 2 can be achieved by the telescopic process of the oblique telescopic rod. In actual production, the designer can select the above two methods according to different needs.
  • the erecting bed frame 2 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes: a bed frame bottom plate 22 hinged with the linear motion device 3, preferably, a support rod 21 and a straight line disposed on the bed frame bottom plate 22
  • the moving device 3 is hinged
  • the bed frame bottom plate 22 is hinged with the push rod device 4
  • the two vertical plates 23 are disposed on the bed frame bottom plate 22 and are oppositely arranged; are mounted on the two vertical plates 23, and can be perpendicular to the bed
  • a connecting plate 26 that moves in the direction of the bottom plate 22, and the connecting plate 26 is provided with a horizontal polished rod 24 for mounting the bionic legs 5, and the horizontal polished rods 24 are arranged in parallel with the connecting plate 26.
  • a rail along the vertical direction of the bed frame 22 is disposed on the vertical plate 23, and correspondingly, a slider matched with the rail is disposed on a side of the connecting plate 26, and the connecting plate is realized by the movement of the slider in the rail. 26 moves in a direction perpendicular to the floor frame 22 of the bed frame.
  • the operator can adjust the relative orientation of the two bionic legs 5 on the horizontal polished rod 24 by the left and right movement of the bionic leg 5 along the horizontal polished rod 24 according to the size of the patient's pelvis. Position, that is, if the patient's pelvis is large, the spacing between the two bionic legs 5 is increased to ensure that the pelvic portion of the patient can be supported by the connecting plate 26; if the patient's pelvis is small, the opposite adjustment is can.
  • the operator can move the bionic leg 5 in a direction perpendicular to the bottom of the bed frame by adjusting the connecting plate 26, so that the bionic leg 5 is hidden below the lower surface of the bed board 6. Or exposed to the upper surface of the bed board 6.
  • the connecting plate 26 is moved in a direction away from the bed frame bottom plate 22 to expose the bionic leg 5 to the upper surface of the bed board 6, so that when the patient is lying down, the upper body is supported by the bed board 6, and the central axis of the leg is exactly the same as the bionic leg.
  • the center axis of 5 coincides; if the patient gets out of bed or does not use the bionic leg, the opposite adjustment can be made. It can be seen from the above adjustment process that the adjustment of the pelvic depth of different patients can also be realized by adjusting the movement of the connecting plate 26 in the direction perpendicular to the bed frame bottom plate 22, that is, when the patient's pelvic depth is large, the connecting plate 26 is adjusted. It is moved in a direction away from the bed frame bottom plate 22; when the patient's pelvic depth is small, the connecting plate 26 is adjusted to move in a direction toward the bed frame bottom plate 22.
  • a driving connection is provided. Specifically, one end of the telescopic link 25 is hinged to the connecting plate 26, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate of the bed frame. 22 hinged.
  • the connecting plate 26 When the telescopic link 25 is extended, the connecting plate 26 can be moved in a direction away from the bed frame bottom plate 22; when the telescopic link 25 is shortened, the connecting plate 26 can be moved in the direction of the bed frame bottom plate 22.
  • a specific structure of the bionic leg 5 comprising: a hip joint 50 that is disposed on the horizontal polished rod 24 and moves along the horizontal polished rod 24; a first connecting member 51 having one end hinged to the hip joint 50; a first polished rod 52 disposed at the other end of the first connecting member 51; a knee joint 54 provided with a first linear slider 53, the first linear slider 53 Nested on the first light rod 52 and sliding along the first light rod 52; a first locking mechanism for locking the first linear slider 53; a second connecting member 55 whose one end is hinged with the knee joint 54; a second light rod 56 at the other end of the second connecting member 55; an ankle joint 58 provided with a second linear slider 57, the second linear slider 57 is sleeved on the second light rod 56, and slides along the second light rod 56; a second locking mechanism for locking the second linear slider 57; a footrest 59 hinged to the ankle joint 58 by a rot
  • the hip joint 50 is coupled with a hip joint motor that drives the hip joint 50 about its hinge point with the hip joint motor, and the hip joint 50 is hinged with the first connecting member 51, preferably,
  • the first connecting member 51 is a hip joint accessory.
  • the hip joint accessory is provided with a first fixing block.
  • the first fixing block is mounted with a first light rod 52.
  • the knee joint 54 is realized by a first slider 53 disposed thereon. The connection of the first light rod 52, that is, the first slider 53 can be moved along the first light rod 52, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the distance between the knee joint 54 and the hip joint 50, to accommodate legs of different lengths, and to expand the range of application.
  • the operator can lock the first slider 53 by the first locking mechanism, that is, the first slider 53 is realized on the first light rod. Limit on 52.
  • the hip attachment and the first polished rod 52 together form the thigh portion of the bionic leg 5.
  • the hip joint 50 can be rehabilitated by the rotation of the hip joint 50 around the horizontal polished rod 52; the rotation of the hip joint attachment and the rotation about the knee joint 54 can be performed on the thigh portion of the patient.
  • the knee joint 54 is connected to the knee joint motor, and the knee joint 54 is hinged with the second connecting member 55.
  • the second connecting member 55 is a knee joint accessory
  • the knee joint accessory is provided with a second fixing block
  • the second fixing block A second light rod 56 is mounted thereon
  • the ankle joint 58 is connected to the second light rod 56 by a second slider 57 disposed thereon, that is, the second slider 57 is movable along the second light rod 56, thereby realizing the adjustment of the knee joint
  • the spacing between 54 and ankle joint 58 to accommodate different lengths of the leg.
  • the operator can lock the second slider 57 by the second locking mechanism, that is, the second slider 57 is realized on the second light rod.
  • Limit on 56 the knee joint and the second polished rod 56 together form the lower leg portion of the bionic leg 5.
  • exercise of the calf portion of the patient can be achieved by the rotation of the knee joint 54 around the knee joint 54 and the rotation of the ankle joint 58 near the knee joint.
  • the ankle joint 58 is hinged to the foot pedal 59 by a rotatable shaft.
  • the patient's foot is placed on the foot pedal 59, and the foot pedal 59 is stepped forward or backward to achieve the patient's ankle portion.
  • Rehabilitation exercise is exercise.
  • the embodiment further includes the same.
  • a gas spring 582 hinged to the ankle joint 58 at one end, and the other end of the gas spring 582 is eccentrically hinged to the hinge point of the ankle joint 58 and the foot pedal 59 via the connecting piece 581.
  • the side of the ankle joint 58 near the footrest 59 has a semicircular arc shape, and is hinged to the foot pedal 59 through one end of the semicircular arc shape.
  • the footrest 59 is rotatable in a semicircular arc shape, and a connecting piece 581 disposed concentrically thereon is disposed on the outer surface of the semicircular arc shape, and the connecting piece 581 is semicircular.
  • one end of the gas spring 582 is hinged to the ankle joint 58 and the other end is hinged to the connecting piece 581, and the gas spring 582 is eccentrically arranged with respect to the rotating shaft.
  • the patient's foot is placed on the foot pedal, and when the foot pedal is biased forward, that is, the foot is biased, the connecting piece 581 is reversely aligned with the rotation of the foot pedal 59, and rotates counterclockwise to make the air
  • the distance between the two hinge points of the spring 582 is reduced, that is, the gas spring 582 is contracted to provide resistance to the rotation process, that is, the rotation process of the foot pedal 59 is slowed down, thereby reducing the movement speed of the patient's foot and protecting the patient's foot.
  • the bed board 6 is connected to the bed plate pusher 61 hinged to the standing bed frame 2 through one end thereof.
  • the other end of the bed pusher 61 is hinged to the bed board 6.
  • the bed pusher 61 and the standing bed frame 2 are kept vertical so that the height of the upper surface of the bed 6 is the same as the height of the bionic leg axis; when the patient is lowered from the robot, the tilting plate can be used 61 reduces the height of the bed 6 to facilitate patient getting out of bed.
  • the bed pushers 61 are four and are hinged to the four corners of the bed board 6, respectively.
  • a drive unit 62 for driving the bed pusher 61 is also provided in this embodiment.
  • the bed pusher 61 can be tilted, and the four bed pushers 61 can be changed from a square shape to a parallelogram shape, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the height of the bed board.
  • a control system for controlling the gait of the bionic leg 5 is also included.
  • different gait programs with different column sizes can be set in the industrial computer to adapt to patients in different rehabilitation stages, and different gaits can be selected by the upper computer software.
  • the upper computer software can be understood by those skilled in the art that, in actual operation, only the start and stop buttons can be set.
  • the patient can control the start button and the stop button to realize the start and stop of the bionic leg, thereby completing the bionics.
  • the rotational size of the hip joint 50, the knee joint 54, and the ankle joint 58 can also be set at the time of actual setting.

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Abstract

一种下肢康复训练机器人,包括床架支座(1)和设置在床架支座(1)上的起立床架(2),还包括:设置在床架支座(1)和起立床架之间(2),且可使起立床架(2)沿床架支座(1)滑行的直线运动装置(3),该直线运动装置(3)的一侧面与床架支座(1)相连,另一侧面与起立床架(2)铰接;用于驱动起立床架(2)绕其与直线运动装置(3)的铰接点转动的推杆装置(4);设置在起立床架(2)的另一表面上一端的仿生腿(5),该仿生腿(5)与起立床架(2)铰接;设置在起立床架(2)的另一端,用于支撑患者的床板(6)。在使用时,患者躺在床板(6)上,将腿放在仿生腿(5)上,驱动直线运动装置(3),使起立床架(2)沿床架支座(1)运动,同时控制推杆装置(4)使起立床架(2)起立,操作者根据不同患者的体能需要调节起立床架(2)与床架支座(1)之间的夹角大小,可有效增大该下肢康复训练机器人的适用范围。

Description

一种下肢康复训练机器人
本申请要求于 2012 年 12 月 25 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210573143.2、 发明名称为 "一种下肢康复训练机器人" 的中国专利申请的 优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域, 特别涉及一种下肢康复训练机器人。
背景技术
康复治疗是一门促进患者和残疾人身心功能康复的新的治疗学科,也是一 门新的技术专业。 它的目的是使人们能够尽可能地恢复日常生活、 学习、 工作 和劳动, 以及社会生活的能力, 融入社会, 改善生活质量。
近年来, 因交通事故、 工伤事故、 脑卒中等因素引发的步行障碍呈现高发 趋势, 脑卒中、 脊推损伤等疾病患者范围在不断扩大。 此类患者除了进行手术 或药物治疗 , 还需要科学的康复训练帮助恢复肢体活动能力。
传统的康复训练一般由医生和治疗师手动协助病人进行站立行走训练,但 是, 这种被动的训练模式工作强度大, 不便于患者随时训练。 鉴于上述问题, 目前提供了一种专门用于患者对下肢进行康复训练的机器人,在使用时, 患者 依靠机器人实现站立, 并通过机器人的动作实现对患者腿部的运动训练,从而 达到帮助患者恢复下肢体的运动机能。
但是, 目前的下肢康复训练机器人只能保证患者竖直站立, 而对于不同康 复阶段的患者, 尤其是康复阶段初期的患者而言,保持竖直站立很容易导致患 者的不适。
因此, 如何提供一种下肢康复训练机器人, 以适应不同康复阶段的患者, 增加适用范围, 是本领域技术人员目前需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种下肢康复训练机器人,以适应不同康复阶段的患 者, 增加适用范围。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种下肢康复训练机器人, 包括床架支座和设置在所述床架支座上的起 立床架, 还包括:
设置在所述床架支座和所述起立床架之间, 且可使所述起立床架沿所述 床架支座滑行的直线运动装置,所述直线运动装置的一侧面与所述床架支座相 连, 另一侧面与所述起立床架铰接;
用于驱动所述起立床架绕其与所述直线运动装置的铰接点转动的推杆装 置;
设置在所述起立床架的另一表面上一端的仿生腿, 所述仿生腿与所述起 立床架较接;
设置在所述起立床架的另一端, 用于支撑患者的床板。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 所述直线运动装置具体包括: 其上表面与所述起立床架铰接连接的滑动架, 其下表面设置有直线滑块; 架设在所述床架支座上的光杆, 所述直线滑块可滑动的套设在所述光杆 上。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 所述推杆装置包括两根斜推杆, 且分布在所述起立床架的两侧, 所述斜推杆的一端与所述床架支座铰接, 另一 端与所述起立床架较接。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 所述起立床架具体包括: 与所述直线运动装置铰接的床架底板, 所述床架底板) 与所述推杆装置 铰接;
设置在所述床架底板上, 且相对布置的两个立板;
架设在两个所述立板上, 且能够沿垂直于所述床架底板的方向运动的连 接板, 所述连接板上设置有用于安装所述仿生腿的水平光杆, 所述水平光杆与 所述连接板平行。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 还包括一端与所述连接板铰接, 另一端与所述床架底板铰接的伸缩连杆。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 所述仿生腿具体包括: 套设在所述水平光杆上, 且沿所述水平光杆的轴线方向移动的髋关节; 其一端与所述髋关节铰接的第一连接件;
设置在所述第一连接件另一端的第一光杆; 设置有第一直线滑块的膝关节, 所述第一直线滑块套设在所述第一光杆 上, 且沿所述第一光杆滑动;
用于锁紧所述第一直线滑块的第一锁紧机构;
其一端与所述膝关节铰接的第二连接件;
设置在所述第二连接件另一端的第二光杆;
设置有第二直线滑块的踝关节, 所述第二直线滑块套设在所述第二光杆 上, 且沿所述第二光杆滑动;
用于锁紧所述第二直线滑块的第二锁紧机构;
与所述踝关节通过可转动的转轴铰接的脚踏板;
用于驱动所述髋关节转动的髋关节电机和用于驱动所述膝关节转动的膝 关节电机。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 还包括其一端与所述踝关节铰 接的气弹簧,所述气弹簧的另一端通过连接片偏心铰接在所述踝关节与所述脚 踏板的较接点上。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 所述床板通过其一端与所述起 立床架铰接的床板推杆相连, 所述床板推杆的另一端与所述床板铰接。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 还包括用于驱动所述床板沿远 离所述仿生腿运动的驱动装置。
优选地, 上述的下肢康复训练机器人中, 还包括用于控制所述仿生腿运 动步态的控制系统。
从上述的技术方案可以看出, 本发明提供了一种下肢康复训练机器人, 包 括床架支座和设置在该床架支座上的起立床架, 其还包括: 设置在床架支座和 起立床架之间,且可使起立床架沿床架支座滑行的直线运动装置, 该直线运动 装置的一侧面与床架底座相连, 另一侧面与起立床架铰接; 用于驱动起立床架 绕其与直线运动装置的铰接点转动的推杆装置;设置在起立床架的另一表面上 一端的仿生腿, 该仿生腿与起立床架铰接; 设置在起立床架的另一端, 用于支 撑患者的床板。 在使用时, 患者可躺在床板上, 并将腿放在仿生腿上, 通过驱 动直线运动装置,使起立床架沿床架支座运动, 同时控制推杆装置可使起立床 架起立, 即实现起立床架与床架支座形成一定夹角,操作者可根据不同患者的 体能需要调节起立床架与床架支座之间夹角的大小, 因此, 可有效增大该下肢 康复训练机器人的适用范围。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明实施例提供的下肢康复训练机器人水平位置时的结构示意 图;
图 2 为本发明实施例提供的安装有上直线运动装置的床架支座的结构示 意图;
图 3为本发明实施例提供的起立床架的结构示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例提供的仿生腿的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例提供的仿生腿另一方向结构示意图;
图 6为本发明实施例提供的踝关节与脚踏板的连接关系结构示意图; 图 7 为本发明实施例提供的踝关节与脚踏板的连接关系另一方向结构示 意图;
图 8 为本发明实施例提供的下肢康复训练机器人的床板工作状态的结构 示意图;
图 9 为本发明实施例提供的下肢康复训练机器人的床板降低后的结构示 意图;
图 10为本发明实施例提供的下肢康复训练机器人的床板降低后另一方向 的结构示意图;
图 11为本发明实施例提供的下肢康复训练机器人竖直位置时的结构示意 图;
图 12为本发明实施例提供的下肢康复训练机器人竖直位置时另一方向的 结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明核心是提供一种下肢康复训练机器人, 以适应不同康复阶段的患 者, 增加适用范围。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面结合附图和实施方 式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图 1-图 12, 本发明公开了一种下肢康复训练机器人, 包括床架支 座 1和设置在该床架支座 1上的起立床架 2, 其还包括: 设置在床架支座 1和 起立床架 2之间, 且可使起立床架 2沿床架支座 1滑行的直线运动装置 3 , 该 直线运动装置 3的一侧面与床架支座 1相连, 另一侧面与起立床架 2铰接; 用 于驱动起立床架 2使其绕与直线运动装置 3的铰接点转动的推杆装置 4; 设置 在起立床架 2的另一表面上一端的仿生腿 5 , 该仿生腿 5与起立床架 2铰接; 设置在起立床架 2的另一端, 用于支撑患者的床板 6。
在使用时, 患者可躺在床板 6上, 并将腿放在仿生腿 5上, 通过驱动直线 运动装置 3 , 使起立床架 2沿床架支座 1运动, 同时控制推杆装置 4可使起立 床架 2起立, 即实现起立床架 2与床架支座 1之间形成一定夹角,操作者可根 据不同患者的体能需要调节起立床架 2与床架支座 1之间夹角的大小,以适应 不同康复阶段的患者, 因此, 可有效增大该下肢康复训练机器人的适用范围。
通过使用上述下肢康复训练机器人,对于康复初期的病人可平躺进行康复 训练, 以防止其长期不运动导致的肌肉萎缩等问题, 更有利于其后期的康复训 练。
请参考图 2所示, 具体的实施例中, 上述直线运动装置 3具体包括: 其 上表面与起立床架 2铰接连接的滑动架 31 , 该滑动架 31的下表面设置有直线 滑块 32; 架设在床架支座 1上的光杆 33 , 直线滑块 32可滑动的套设在该光杆 33上。 运行时, 通过直线滑块 32在光杆 33上的滑动, 从而实现起立床架 2 与床架支座 1之间的相对滑动,进而实现对下肢康复训练机器人的工作位置进 行调整的目的, 同时可达到调整整个机器人重心位置的目的, 以防止该机器人 发生倾斜, 保证患者的安全。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是, 在实际生产中, 还可将直线运动装置 3 设置为滚珠丝杠结构。 具体地, 将丝杠导轨固定在床架支座 1上, 并将与丝杠 导轨配合的丝杠螺母固定在起立床架 2上, 且该丝杠螺母套设在丝杠导轨上。 使用时, 可通过电机驱动丝杠导轨旋转,从而使丝杠螺母沿丝杠导轨做直线运 动, 即完成起立床架 2与床架支座 1之间的相对运动。本发明实施例并不仅限 于上述两种连接方式,其他可实现起立床架 2在床架支座 1上的运动的方式也 在保护范围内。
优选的实施例中, 将滑动架 31设置为方形架, 且直线滑块 32设置在滑 动架 31的一组相对边上, 且光杆 33为两根, 分布在床架支座 1的两侧。 本发 明通过将滑动架 3设置为方形架, 以保证其与床架支座 1的配合。 为了提高起 立床架 2与床架支座 1的相对运动的稳定性, 具体地, 将直线滑块 32布置在 滑动架 31 的一组相对边上, 相应地, 将光杆 33设置为两根, 并将直线滑块 32设置为四个, 且分别布置在两个光杆 33上, 形成两条滑动轨道, 优选地, 四个直线滑块 32分别设置在滑动架 31的四个顶角。具体的实施例中, 不对滑 动架 31的形状、 尺寸和材质做限定, 设计者可根据不同的需要进行相应的选 择, 且均在保护范围内。
如图 3所示, 在一具体实施例中, 将推杆装置 4设置为两根斜推杆 42, 且分布在起立床架 2的两侧, 其中,每根斜推杆 42的一端与床架支座 1铰接, 另一端与起立床架 2铰接。在上述设置的基础上, 由于斜推杆 42的长度不变, 起立床架 2通过直线运动装置 3运动的同时, 会使斜推杆 42驱动起立床架 2 绕其与直线运动装置 3的铰接点转动,从而实现起立床架 2的起立过程。该过 程只要保证起立床架 2通过直线运动装置 3运动,便可实现起立床架 2的起立。 进一步地, 为了保证起立床架 2能够起立到竖直位置, 在实际设置时, 将直线 运动装置 3的端部与斜推杆 42和起立床架 2的铰接点的连线设置为垂直于直 线运动装置 3的运动方向。
优选的实施例中, 将斜推杆 42通过与起立床架 2平行的固定块 41铰接。 其中, 该固定块 41的靠近起立床架 2与直线运动装置 3铰接的铰接点的一侧 开设有凹槽, 并在该凹槽上架设旋转轴, 斜推杆 42通过该旋转轴实现铰接。 由于该固定块 41的另一端为实体结构, 可限制斜推杆 42的运动方向, 防止斜 推杆 42的运动反向。
在另一实施例中, 还可将斜推杆设置 4 为可伸缩的伸缩杆, 其一端与床 架支座 1固定相连, 另一端与起立床架 2铰接。在直线运动装置 3带动起立床 架 2沿床架支座 1运动的过程中, 保证伸缩杆在初始时, 其长度不变, 从而可 使得起立床架 2绕其与床架支座 1铰接的铰接点旋转, 从而实现起立床架 2 的起立过程。 当直线运动装置 3运动到预设位置时, 即起立床架 2在床架支座 1上的水平运动到达预设位置, 直线运动装置 3停止驱动起立床架 2绕铰接点 转动, 然后, 将伸缩杆的伸缩端外伸, 以使其长度增大, 从而使得起立床架 2 继续绕铰接点转动,直至达到竖直位置,完成起立床架 2到达竖直状态的过程。 该过程一方面通过直线运动装置 3实现调整该机器人重心的位置的目的,另一 方面通过斜伸缩杆的伸缩过程,可实现起立床架 2起立的过程。在实际生产中, 设计者可根据不同的需要对上述两种方式进行相应的选择。
请参考图 3所示, 本发明实施例中公开的起立床架 2具体包括: 与直线 运动装置 3铰接的床架底板 22, 优选地, 通过设置在床架底板 22上的支撑杆 21与直线运动装置 3铰接, 该床架底板 22与推杆装置 4铰接; 设置在床架底 板 22上, 且相对布置的两个立板 23; 架设在两个立板 23上, 且能够沿垂直 于床架底板 22的方向运动的连接板 26, 该连接板 26上设置有用于安装仿生 腿 5的水平光杆 24, 该水平光杆 24与连接板 26平行布置。 具体地, 在立板 23上设置沿垂直于床架底板 22的轨道, 相应地, 在连接板 26的侧边设置与 该轨道配合的滑块, 通过滑块在轨道内的移动, 实现连接板 26沿垂直于床架 底板 22的方向运动。
将两个仿生腿 5安装在水平光杆 24上后, 操作者可根据患者的盆骨的大 小, 通过仿生腿 5沿水平光杆 24的左右移动, 调节两个仿生腿 5在水平光杆 24上的相对位置, 即若患者的盆骨较大时, 将两个仿生腿 5之间的间距增大, 以保证患者的盆骨部分能够通过连接板 26支撑; 若患者的盆骨较小时, 相反 调节即可。
当不使用仿生腿 5时, 为了对仿生腿 5进行保护, 操作者可通过调节连 接板 26使仿生腿 5沿垂直于床架底板方向运动, 以实现仿生腿 5隐藏在床板 6的下表面以下,或外露于床板 6的上表面。具体地, 需要使用该仿生腿 5时, 将连接板 26沿远离床架底板 22的方向运动,以使仿生腿 5外露于床板 6的上 表面, 以使患者平躺时, 其上身由床板 6支撑, 腿部的中心轴线正好与仿生腿 5的中心轴线重合; 若患者下床或不使用该仿生腿时, 相反调节即可。 从上述 调节过程可知,通过调节连接板 26沿垂直于床架底板 22的方向的运动还可实 现对不同患者的盆骨深度的调节, 即当患者的盆骨深度较大时, 调整连接板 26使其向远离床架底板 22的方向运动; 当患者的盆骨深度较小时, 调整连接 板 26使其向靠近床架底板 22的方向运动。
为了实现连接板 26沿垂直于床架底板 22的方向运动,本实施例中提供了 一种驱动连接方式, 具体地, 将伸缩连杆 25的一端与连接板 26铰接, 另一端 与床架底板 22铰接。 当伸缩连杆 25伸长时, 可使连接板 26沿远离床架底板 22的方向运动; 当伸缩连杆 25缩短时, 可使连接板 26沿靠近床架底板 22的 方向运动。 本领域技术人员可以理解的是, 在实际生产中, 还可设置其他驱动 连接方式, 且均在本实施例保护范围内。
请参考图 4和图 5所示,进一步的实施例中,还提供了一种仿生腿 5的具 体结构, 其包括: 套设在水平光杆 24上, 且沿水平光杆 24移动的髋关节 50; 其一端与髋关节 50铰接的第一连接件 51 ; 设置在第一连接件 51另一端的第 一光杆 52; 设置有第一直线滑块 53的膝关节 54, 第一直线滑块 53套设在第 一光杆 52上, 且沿第一光杆 52滑动; 用于锁紧第一直线滑块 53的第一锁紧 机构; 其一端与膝关节 54铰接的第二连接件 55; 设置在第二连接件 55另一 端的第二光杆 56; 设置有第二直线滑块 57的踝关节 58 , 第二直线滑块 57套 设在第二光杆 56上, 且沿第二光杆 56滑动; 用于锁紧第二直线滑块 57的第 二锁紧机构; 与踝关节 58通过可转动的转轴铰接的脚踏板 59; 用于驱动髋关 节 50转动的髋关节电机 503和用于驱动膝关节 54转动的膝关节电机 504。 用 于夹紧固定使用者大腿的上夹紧圈 501 和用于夹紧固定使用者小腿的下夹紧 圈 502。
具体地,髋关节 50连接有髋关节电机,该髋关节电机驱动髋关节 50绕其 与髋关节电机的铰接点转动, 且该髋关节 50与第一连接件 51铰接, 优选地, 第一连接件 51为髋关节附件, 该髋关节附件上设置有第一固定块, 第一固定 块上安装有第一光杆 52, 膝关节 54通过设置在其上的第一滑块 53实现与第 一光杆 52的连接, 即第一滑块 53可沿第一光杆 52运动, 从而实现调节膝关 节 54与髋关节 50之间的间距的目的, 以适应不同长度的腿, 扩大适用范围。
当第一滑块 53运动到第一光杆 52上的预定位置时,操作者可通过第一锁 紧机构实现对第一滑块 53的锁紧, 即实现对第一滑块 53在第一光杆 52上的 限位。 其中, 髋关节附件和第一光杆 52—起构成仿生腿 5的大腿部分。 使用 时, 通过髋关节 50绕水平光杆 52的转动, 可实现对患者的髋部的康复锻炼; 通过髋关节附件的转动和绕膝关节 54的转动,可实现对患者大腿部分的锻炼。
膝关节 54连接膝关节电机, 且该膝关节 54与第二连接件 55铰接, 优选 地, 第二连接件 55为膝关节附件, 该膝关节附件上设置有第二固定块, 第二 固定块上安装有第二光杆 56, 踝关节 58通过设置在其上的第二滑块 57实现 与第二光杆 56的连接, 即第二滑块 57可沿第二光杆 56运动, 从而实现调节 膝关节 54与踝关节 58之间的间距, 以适应不同长度的腿。 当第二滑块 57运 动到第二光杆 56上的预定位置时, 操作者可通过第二锁紧机构实现对第二滑 块 57的锁紧, 即实现对第二滑块 57在第二光杆 56上的限位。 其中, 膝关节 附件和第二光杆 56—起构成仿生腿 5的小腿部分。 使用时, 通过膝关节附件 绕膝关节 54转动和膝关节附近绕踝关节 58的转动,可实现对患者的小腿部分 的锻炼。
踝关节 58通过可转动的转轴与脚踏板 59铰接, 当患者使用时, 患者的脚 部放在脚踏板 59上, 向前或向后踩住脚踏板 59, 可实现对患者脚踝部分的康 复锻炼。
如图 6和图 7所示, 为了防止病人在训练时出现足下垂等不利情况, 并 通过该机器人为患者提供抵抗足下垂肌肉力量, 以帮助患者训练踝关节 58 , 本实施例中还包括其一端与踝关节 58铰接的气弹簧 582, 且气弹簧 582的另 一端通过连接片 581偏心铰接在踝关节 58与脚踏板 59铰接点上。 踝关节 58 的靠近脚踏板 59的一侧为半圓弧形,并通过半圓弧形的一端与脚踏板 59铰接, 该脚踏板 59可沿半圓弧形转动, 在半圓弧形的外表面设置有与其同心布置的 连接片 581 , 该连接片 581为半圓形。 其中, 气弹簧 582的一端与踝关节 58 铰接, 另一端与连接片 581铰接, 且气弹簧 582相对于转轴偏心布置。
在使用时, 患者的脚放置在脚踏板上, 在向前给脚踏板施力时, 即脚掌 施力,连接片 581随脚踏板 59的转动反向一致,逆时针旋转,使得气弹簧 582 两个铰接点之间的距离缩小, 即气弹簧 582收缩, 给转动过程提供阻力, 即减 緩了脚踏板 59的转动过程, 从而降低了患者脚的运动速度, 保护了患者的足 下垂的肌肉; 在患者向后给脚踏板施力时, 即脚后跟施力时, 连接片 581随脚 踏板 59的转动反向一致, 顺时针旋转, 使得气弹簧 582两个铰接点之间的距 离增大, 即气弹簧 582伸长, 给转动过程提供阻力, 减緩了脚踏板 59的转动 过程, 从而降低了患者脚的运动速度, 保护了患者的足下垂的肌肉。
请看考图 8-图 12, 为了方便患者从下肢康复训练机器人上下来或上到该 机器人上, 本实施例中, 将床板 6通过其一端与起立床架 2铰接的床板推杆 61相连, 床板推杆 61 的另一端与床板 6铰接。 在正常使用时, 床板推杆 61 与起立床架 2保持竖直,以使床板 6的上表面的高度与仿生腿轴线的高度相同; 在使患者从机器人上下来时, 可通过倾斜床板推杆 61使床板 6的高度减低, 从而便于患者下床。 具体地, 床板推杆 61为四根, 且分别铰接在床板 6的四 个顶角上。
进一步的实施例中, 为了实现床板推杆 61的运动和定位, 本实施例中还 设置了用于驱动该床板推杆 61的驱动装置 62。 通过驱动装置 62的动作可使 床板推杆 61发生倾斜,使四根床板推杆 61由方形变化为平行四边形,从而达 到调节床板的高度的目的。
更进一步的实施例中,还包括用于控制仿生腿 5运动步态的控制系统。其 具体地, 可通过在工控机中设定一些列大小不同的步态程序, 以适应不同康复 阶段的患者, 并通过上位机软件对不同的步态进行选择。 本领域技术人员可以 理解的是, 在实际操作中, 还可只设定启动和停止按钮, 在使用时, 患者可通 过控制启动按钮和停止按钮, 以实现仿生腿的启动和停止, 从而完成仿生腿 5 的动作。 此外, 在实际设置时, 还可对髋关节 50、 膝关节 54和踝关节 58的转动 大小进行设定。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是 与其他实施例的不同之处, 各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本 发明。 对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见 的, 本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下, 在 其它实施例中实现。 因此, 本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例, 而 是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种下肢康复训练机器人, 包括床架支座( 1 ) 和设置在所述床架支 座(1 )上的起立床架(2), 其特征在于, 还包括:
设置在所述床架支座 ( 1 )和所述起立床架(2)之间, 且可使所述起立 床架 ( 2 )沿所述床架支座 ( 1 )滑行的直线运动装置 ( 3 ), 所述直线运动装置 (3) 的一侧面与所述床架支座(1 )相连, 另一侧面与所述起立床架(2)铰 接;
用于驱动所述起立床架 (2) 绕其与所述直线运动装置 (3) 的铰接点转 动的推杆装置 (4);
设置在所述起立床架(2) 的另一表面上一端的仿生腿(5), 所述仿生腿 (5) 与所述起立床架(2)铰接;
设置在所述起立床架(2) 的另一端, 用于支撑患者的床板(6)。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 所述直线 运动装置具体包括:
其上表面与所述起立床架(2)铰接连接的滑动架 (31 ), 其下表面设置 有直线滑块(32);
架设在所述床架支座(1 )上的光杆 (33), 所述直线滑块(32) 可滑动 的套设在所述光杆(33)上。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 所述推杆 装置 (4) 包括两根斜推杆 (42), 且分布在所述起立床架(2) 的两侧, 所述 斜推杆(42) 的一端与所述床架支座(1 )铰接, 另一端与所述起立床架(2) 铰接。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 所述起立 床架(2)具体包括:
与所述直线运动装置 (3)铰接的床架底板(22), 所述床架底板(22) 与所述推杆装置(4)铰接;
设置在所述床架底板(22)上, 且相对布置的两个立板(23);
架设在两个所述立板(23)上, 且能够沿垂直于所述床架底板(22) 的 方向运动的连接板 ( 26 ), 所述连接板 ( 26 )上设置有用于安装所述仿生腿( 5 ) 的水平光杆(24), 所述水平光杆(24)与所述连接板 (26)平行。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 还包括一 端与所述连接板( 26 )铰接,另一端与所述床架底板( 22 )铰接的伸缩连杆( 25 )。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 所述仿生 腿(5)具体包括:
套设在所述水平光杆(24)上, 且沿所述水平光杆(24)的轴线方向移动 的髋关节 (50);
其一端与所述髋关节 (50)铰接的第一连接件(51 );
设置在所述第一连接件(51 ) 另一端的第一光杆(52);
设置有第一直线滑块(53) 的膝关节 (54), 所述第一直线滑块(53)套 设在所述第一光杆(52)上, 且沿所述第一光杆 (52)滑动;
用于锁紧所述第一直线滑块(53) 的第一锁紧机构;
其一端与所述膝关节 (54)铰接的第二连接件(55);
设置在所述第二连接件(55) 另一端的第二光杆 (56);
设置有第二直线滑块(57) 的踝关节 (58), 所述第二直线滑块(57)套 设在所述第二光杆(56)上, 且沿所述第二光杆 (56)滑动;
用于锁紧所述第二直线滑块(57) 的第二锁紧机构;
与所述踝关节 (58)通过可转动的转轴铰接的脚踏板(59);
用于驱动所述髋关节 ( 50 )转动的髋关节电机和用于驱动所述膝关节 ( 54 ) 转动的膝关节电机。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 还包括其 一端与所述踝关节 (58)铰接的气弹簧( 582 ), 所述气弹簧的 ( 582) 另一端 通过连接片 (581 )偏心铰接在所述踝关节 (58)与所述脚踏板 (59) 的铰接 点上。
8、 根据权利要求 1-7任一项所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 所述床板 (6)通过其一端与所述起立床架(2)铰接的床板推杆 (61 )相连, 所述床板推杆(61 ) 的另一端与所述床板 (6)铰接。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 还包括用 于驱动所述床板 (6) 沿远离所述仿生腿(5)运动的驱动装置(62)。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的下肢康复训练机器人, 其特征在于, 还包括用 于控制所述仿生腿运动步态的控制系统。
+
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