WO2014061598A1 - 薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法、及び薄片化黒鉛・樹脂複合材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法、及び薄片化黒鉛・樹脂複合材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014061598A1 WO2014061598A1 PCT/JP2013/077789 JP2013077789W WO2014061598A1 WO 2014061598 A1 WO2014061598 A1 WO 2014061598A1 JP 2013077789 W JP2013077789 W JP 2013077789W WO 2014061598 A1 WO2014061598 A1 WO 2014061598A1
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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- C01B32/20—Graphite
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- C01B32/22—Intercalation
- C01B32/225—Expansion; Exfoliation
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G83/00—Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G81/00
- C08G83/001—Macromolecular compounds containing organic and inorganic sequences, e.g. organic polymers grafted onto silica
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08L101/005—Dendritic macromolecules
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a simple method for producing exfoliated graphite derivatives and a method for producing exfoliated graphite / resin composite materials.
- Non-Patent Document 1 or 2 requires a radical polymerization initiator such as peroxide or alkyl halide.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a simple method for producing exfoliated graphite derivatives that does not necessarily require the use of a radical polymerization initiator.
- the method for producing a exfoliated graphite derivative according to the present invention includes a step of preparing a mixture containing a reactive compound to be grafted to the exfoliated graphite by irradiation with active energy rays, and an active energy ray for the mixture. To graft the reactive compound onto the exfoliated graphite.
- the reactive compound includes a functional group having reactivity with a resin.
- the functional group having reactivity with the resin is a (meth) acryl group, a vinyl group, a vinyl ether group, a glycidyl group, a thiol group, or a halogen group.
- the reactive compound includes a functional group having reactivity with exfoliated graphite.
- the functional group having reactivity with the exfoliated graphite is a (meth) acryl group, a vinyl group, a vinylidene group, a vinylene group, an azo group. And at least one selected from the group consisting of a group, an azide group, a diazo group, a peroxy group, an ylide group, a halogen group, and derivatives thereof.
- these functional groups are irradiated with active energy rays and free radicals are generated, the reactivity with exfoliated graphite is remarkably increased.
- the radical reactive compound is a monomer or an oligomer.
- the reactive compound is a radical reactive compound.
- the active energy ray is an electromagnetic wave. More preferably, it is a microwave.
- the method for producing exfoliated graphite / resin composite material according to the present invention includes a step of preparing a mixture containing exfoliated graphite and a reactive compound that is grafted to the exfoliated graphite by irradiation with active energy rays, Irradiating the mixture with active energy rays to graft the reactive compound onto the exfoliated graphite to obtain an exfoliated graphite derivative; and mixing the exfoliated graphite derivative and a resin.
- a simple method for producing a exfoliated graphite derivative that does not necessarily require the use of a radical polymerization initiator can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a Raman spectrum of exfoliated graphite derivative A obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is an IR spectrum of exfoliated graphite derivative A obtained in Example 1.
- the method for producing the exfoliated graphite derivative of the present invention comprises a step of preparing a mixture containing a reactive compound to be grafted to the exfoliated graphite by irradiation with active energy rays, and an active energy ray for the mixture. And a step of grafting the reactive compound onto the exfoliated graphite by irradiation.
- Exfoliated graphite is obtained by exfoliating graphite.
- Exfoliated graphite is, for example, a chemical treatment method in which ions such as nitrate ions are inserted between graphite layers, a heat treatment method, a physical treatment method in which ultrasonic waves are applied, and the like. It can be obtained by a known method such as a chemical method.
- Exfoliated graphite is a graphene sheet laminate that is thinner than the original graphite.
- the number of graphene sheets laminated in exfoliated graphite is usually about several to 200 layers.
- Exfoliated graphite has a structure in which thin graphene sheets are laminated. Therefore, the aspect ratio of exfoliated graphite is relatively large.
- the exfoliated graphite derivative of the present invention also has a relatively large aspect ratio, like exfoliated graphite as a raw material.
- the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material of the present invention contains the exfoliated graphite derivative of the present invention.
- the aspect ratio means the ratio of the maximum dimension of the exfoliated graphite or exfoliated graphite derivative to the thickness of the exfoliated graphite or exfoliated graphite derivative.
- the preferable lower limit of the aspect ratio of exfoliated graphite derivative and exfoliated graphite as a raw material is about 50, and the preferable upper limit is about 5000.
- the maximum dimension of the exfoliated graphite in the direction of the laminated surface is preferably about 0.5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and more preferably about 1.0 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of exfoliated graphite is preferably about 0.3 nm to 300 nm, and more preferably about 10 nm to 100 nm.
- the BET specific surface area of exfoliated graphite is preferably about 30 m 2 / g to 7000 m 2 / g, and more preferably about 100 m 2 / g to 1000 m 2 / g. When the BET specific surface area of exfoliated graphite is in such a range, a high reinforcing effect is exhibited.
- the reactive compound means a compound that is grafted to the exfoliated graphite by irradiation with active energy rays.
- the reactive compound preferably has a functional group reactive with a resin contained in the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material described later.
- the exfoliated graphite derivative is combined with the resin in the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material. Therefore, the mechanical strength of exfoliated graphite / resin composite material can be further increased.
- Functional groups having reactivity with the resin are (meth) acryl group, vinyl group, vinyl ether group, glycidyl group, thiol group, halogen group, carbonyl group, carboxyl group, sulfo group, amino group, hydroxy group, oxime group, It is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a nitrile group, an isocyanate group, a silyl group, and derivatives thereof. Since these functional groups are relatively highly reactive, they can react well with the polymer to form bonds.
- the reactive compound preferably has a functional group that is reactive with exfoliated graphite. In this case, the reactive compound can be grafted onto exfoliated graphite more efficiently.
- Examples of the functional group having reactivity with the exfoliated graphite include (meth) acryl group, vinyl group, vinylidene group, vinylene group, azo group, azi group, diazo group, peroxy group, ylide group, halogen group, and these It is preferable that it is at least one selected from the group consisting of these derivatives.
- these functional groups are irradiated with active energy rays and free radicals are generated, the reactivity with exfoliated graphite is remarkably increased.
- Examples of the reactive compound include N- (2-aminoethyl) glycine, 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate, maleic anhydride, zidobusine, Examples thereof include glycidyl methacrylate and vinyl methacrylate. Moreover, it is preferable to use the radical compound which shows a specific example below.
- radical reactive compound having an amino group examples include azodicarboxamide and aminoazobenzene.
- radical reactive compound having a glycidyl group examples include diepoxy compounds such as glycidyl methacrylate and octadiene diepoxide, vinyl alkyls such as 1,2-epoxyhexene, and vinyl ethers such as vinyl glycidyl ether.
- radical reactive compound having a carboxyl group examples include vinyl alkyls such as acrylic acid and 10-undecenoic acid, and 4,4-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid).
- radical reactive compound having a nitrile group examples include azobisisobutyronitrile.
- radical reactive compound having a hydroxy group examples include vinyl alkyls such as 4-penten-2-ol, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, ethylene glycol monovinyl ether, and the like.
- the reactive compound may be a monomer or an oligomer of the above reactive compound.
- a mixture of the above exfoliated graphite and a reactive compound is obtained.
- the mixing ratio of exfoliated graphite and the reactive compound can be appropriately adjusted depending on the mass ratio of exfoliated graphite and the reactive compound in the exfoliated graphite derivative to be obtained.
- the mass ratio of the exfoliated graphite and the reactive compound in the exfoliated graphite derivative is preferably in the range of about 1:10 to 10: 1, and more preferably in the range of about 1: 3 to 3: 1. .
- the exfoliated graphite derivative can be more uniformly dispersed in the resin. Therefore, the mechanical strength of exfoliated graphite / resin composite material can be further increased.
- the mixture of exfoliated graphite and a reactive compound are irradiated to the mixture of exfoliated graphite and a reactive compound.
- a radical reactive compound is grafted on exfoliated graphite.
- the mixture of exfoliated graphite and a radical reactive compound further contains a solvent.
- the solvent include tetrahydrofuran (THF), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the like.
- the activation energy ray is not particularly limited, and electromagnetic waves, ultraviolet rays, heat, infrared rays, and heat can be used.
- it is an electromagnetic wave.
- it is more preferable to use a microwave.
- microwaves it is preferable because a process such as a general microwave oven can be used and the process is easy.
- the microwave irradiation conditions can be set as appropriate.
- the frequency of the microwave is preferably about 0.1 GHz to 40 GHz, and more preferably about 1 GHz to 20 GHz.
- the microwave irradiation time is preferably about 1 second to 10 minutes, more preferably about 15 seconds to 3 minutes.
- the microwave irradiation may be performed only once continuously or may be performed in a plurality of times.
- the microwave irradiation can be performed using, for example, a microwave oven.
- the method for producing the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material of the present invention includes a step of obtaining the exfoliated graphite derivative and a step of mixing the exfoliated graphite derivative and a resin.
- the above resin contained in the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material is not particularly limited, and various known resins can be used.
- the resin is functionally reactive with the functional group of the radical reactive compound. It preferably has a group.
- functional groups that the resin has, (meth) acryl group, vinyl group, vinyl ether group, glycidyl group, thiol group, halogeno group, carbonyl group, carboxyl group, sulfo group, amino group, hydroxy group, oxime group, It is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a nitrile group, an isocyanate group, a silyl group, and derivatives thereof.
- thermoplastic resin As the resin, a thermoplastic resin is used.
- the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material using a thermoplastic resin can be easily formed into various molded articles by using various molding methods under heating.
- thermoplastic resin include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, polyethersulfone, polyetherketone, polyimide, polydimethylsiloxane, and copolymers thereof.
- polyolefin can be used as the resin.
- Polyolefin is inexpensive and easy to mold under heating. Therefore, by using polyolefin as a thermoplastic resin, the cost of exfoliated graphite / resin composite material can be reduced, and exfoliated graphite / resin composite material can be easily molded.
- the polyolefin is not particularly limited.
- polyethylene polypropylene, ethylene homopolymer, ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer, ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer
- Polyethylene resins such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polypropylene resins such as propylene homopolymer, propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer, propylene-ethylene random copolymer, propylene-ethylene block copolymer, butene
- examples thereof include homopolymers, homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated dienes such as butadiene and isoprene. More preferably, the cheaper polypropylene is used as the thermoplastic resin.
- the polyolefin may be modified with maleic acid or silane. Only one type of resin may be used, or a plurality of types may be used.
- a coupling agent may be further added to the resin.
- the functional group of the resin can be further modified, and the number of graphene functional groups that can be bonded increases.
- the coupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, titanium (IV) tetraisopropoxide, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, or the like can be used.
- the blending ratio of the exfoliated graphite derivative and the resin is not particularly limited, but the exfoliated graphite derivative is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin.
- the mechanical strength such as tensile elastic modulus of the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material of the present invention can be effectively increased.
- the mechanical strength of the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material may not be sufficiently increased.
- the mixing ratio of the exfoliated graphite derivative exceeds 50 parts by mass, the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material becomes brittle and may be easily broken.
- the exfoliated graphite / resin composite material of the present invention may contain various additives as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- additives include phenol, phosphorus, amine or sulfur antioxidants; UV absorbers such as benzotriazole and hydroxyphenyl triazine; metal hazard inhibitors; hexabromobiphenyl ether or deca Halogenated flame retardants such as bromodiphenyl ether; flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate or trimethyl phosphate; various fillers; antistatic agents; stabilizers;
- Example 1 In a glass container, 5 g of glycidyl methacrylate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and 2 g of exfoliated graphite were well dispersed. The exfoliated graphite was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) before use. As a result, the maximum dimension in the plane direction of the layer surface was about 5.0 ⁇ m, the layer thickness was 30 nm, and the number of graphene layers was about 90 layers. Met. Next, the operation of irradiating the obtained dispersion with microwaves for 1 minute using a 100 W microwave oven and allowing to cool to room temperature was repeated 10 times.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- exfoliated graphite derivative A The Raman spectrum and IR spectrum of exfoliated graphite derivative A are shown in FIGS.
- Example 2 0.25 g of graphite single crystal powder was supplied to 11.5 ml of 65% by mass concentrated sulfuric acid, and the resulting mixture was stirred while further cooling in a 10 ° C. water bath. Next, the concentrated sulfuric acid mixture is stirred while gradually adding 1.5 g of potassium permanganate to the mixture obtained by stirring the concentrated sulfuric acid graphite single crystal powder and concentrated sulfuric acid, and the mixture is stirred at 35 ° C. for 30 minutes. And reacted.
- the obtained graphite oxide was dispersed in water at an amount of 0.2 mg / ml, and then the graphite oxide was subjected to ultrasonic treatment using an ultrasonic cleaner under conditions of 45 kHz and 100 W. By irradiating for 60 minutes, the graphite oxide was exfoliated and fragmented between the layer interfaces to obtain exfoliated graphite in which the layer surface was oxidized. Hydrazine was added to exfoliated graphite in which the obtained layer surface was oxidized, and reduction treatment was performed for 3 minutes to obtain reduced exfoliated graphite.
- the obtained exfoliated graphite had a BET specific surface area of 450 m 2 / g and an average size along the surface direction of the layer surface of 5 ⁇ m.
- Example 3 A glass container was charged with 5 g of azodicarbonamide (trade name “VINYHALL AC # K3” manufactured by Eiwa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 40 g of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and 2 g of exfoliated graphite, and well dispersed.
- azodicarbonamide trade name “VINYHALL AC # K3” manufactured by Eiwa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- DMF N, N-dimethylformamide
- exfoliated graphite was observed with an SEM before use, the maximum dimension in the plane direction of the layer surface was about 5.0 ⁇ m, the layer thickness was about 30 nm, and the number of graphene layers was about 90 layers.
- the operation of irradiating the obtained sample with microwaves using a 400 W microwave for 1 minute and allowing to cool to room temperature was repeated 10 times.
- the sample was filtered, and washing with DMF was repeated to completely remove unreacted azodi
- Example 4 5 g of N- (2-aminoethyl) glycine (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was reacted with formaldehyde (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) to produce azomethine ylide. Next, the obtained sample was put into a flask and mixed with 50 g of toluene in which 2 g of exfoliated graphite as in Example 1 was dispersed. The flask containing the sample was provided with a reflux tower and reacted at 110 ° C. for 5 hours. The sample was filtered, and washing with water was repeated to completely remove unreacted compounds. Next, vacuum drying was performed to obtain exfoliated graphite derivative D.
- Example 5 In a glass container, 5 g of 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and 2 g of exfoliated graphite as in Example 1 were placed and dispersed well. Next, the operation of irradiating the obtained sample with microwaves using a 400 W microwave for 1 minute and allowing to cool to room temperature was repeated 10 times. Next, hydrogen was blown under a platinum catalyst, and reduction was performed for 1 hour. The sample was filtered, and washing with water was repeated to completely remove unreacted compounds. Next, vacuum drying was performed to obtain exfoliated graphite derivative E.
- 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Example 6 In a glass container, 5 g of 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is dissolved in 20 g of water, and 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and 2 g of exfoliated graphite as in Example 1 are used. And dispersed well. Next, the operation of irradiating the obtained sample with microwaves for 30 seconds using a microwave oven of 750 W and allowing it to cool to room temperature was repeated 10 times. The sample was filtered, and washing with water was repeated to completely remove unreacted compounds. Vacuum-dried to obtain exfoliated graphite derivative F.
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- a sheet made of a polyolefin resin composite material having a smooth surface thickness of 0.5 mm was obtained by press molding at 180 ° C. for 3 minutes. Thereafter, the obtained sheet was impregnated in warm water at 80 ° C. for 24 hours to complete the crosslinking reaction. Next, the surface was rinsed with ethanol and then dried in a vacuum oven at 80 ° C. for 24 hours.
- Example 7 In a glass container, 5 g of maleic anhydride, 40 g of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and 2 g of exfoliated graphite as in Example 1 were placed and dispersed well. Next, the operation of irradiating the obtained sample with microwaves for 20 seconds using a 750 W microwave oven and allowing to cool to room temperature was repeated 10 times. Unreacted maleic anhydride was completely removed by filtering the sample and repeating washing with acetone. The exfoliated graphite derivative G was obtained by vacuum drying.
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- Example 8 In a glass container, 5 g of zidobosine dissolved in water was added, and 40 g of ethanol and 2 g of exfoliated graphite as in Example 1 were well dispersed. Next, the obtained sample was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 10 minutes. The sample was filtered, and washing with ethanol was repeated to completely remove unreacted dydopsin. Vacuum-dried to obtain exfoliated graphite derivative H.
- Example 7 An unmodified exfoliated graphite G1 that was not irradiated with microwaves was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that microwave irradiation was not performed. A sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that this unmodified exfoliated graphite G1 was used.
- the good solvent mentioned here is not particularly limited as long as it is a general solvent that dissolves a desired resin.
- olefinic resin is 130 ° C. hot xylene
- acrylic resin such as PMMA is acetone
- dichlorobenzene
- polyamide resins such as nylon include 200 ° C. heat benzyl alcohol, 200 ° C. heat nitrobenzene
- polystyrene resins include THF and dichlorobenzene
- polycarbonate resins include THF and dichloromethane.
- Tables 2 and 3 show the measurement results of the grafting rate and tensile modulus.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法は、活性エネルギー線の照射により、前記薄片化黒鉛にグラフト化する反応性化合物とを含む混合物を用意する工程と、上記混合物に対して、活性エネルギー線を照射することにより、前記薄片化黒鉛に前記反応性化合物をグラフト化させる工程とを備える。
また、上記反応性化合物は、薄片化黒鉛と反応性を有する官能基を備えていることが好ましい。この場合、反応性化合物をより一層効率的に薄片化黒鉛にグラフトできるからである。
本発明の薄片化黒鉛・樹脂複合材料の製造方法は、上記の薄片化黒鉛誘導体を得る工程と、薄片化黒鉛誘導体と樹脂とを混合する工程とを備える。
ガラス容器にグリシジルメタクリレート(東京化成工業社製)5gと薄片化黒鉛2gを入れ、よく分散させた。なお、薄片化黒鉛は、使用前に走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて観察したところ、層面の面方向における最大寸法が約5.0μm、層厚みが30nm、グラフェンの積層数が約90層であった。次に、得られた分散体を100Wの電子レンジを用いて1分間マイクロ波を照射し、室温まで放冷する作業を10回繰り返した。得られた試料を濾過し、THFを用いた洗浄を繰り返すことで、未反応のグリシジルメタクリレートを完全に除去して、真空乾燥して薄片化黒鉛誘導体Aを得た。薄片化黒鉛誘導体AのラマンスペクトルとIRスペクトルを図1及び図2に示す。
黒鉛単結晶粉末0.25gを65質量%の濃硫酸11.5mlに供給して、得られた混合物を10℃の水浴にてより冷却しながら撹拌した。次に、濃硫酸黒鉛単結晶粉末と濃硫酸との撹拌によって得られた混合物に、過マンガン酸カリウム1.5gを徐々に加えながら濃硫酸混合物を撹拌し、混合物を35℃で30分に亘って反応させた。
ガラス容器にアゾジカルボンアミド(永和化成工業社製 商品名「ビニホールAC#K3」)5g、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)40g、薄片化黒鉛2gを入れ、よく分散させた。なお、薄片化黒鉛は、使用前にSEMを用いて観察したところ、層面の面方向における最大寸法が約5.0μm、層厚みが約30nm、グラフェンの積層数が約90層であった。次に、得られた試料に対して400Wの電子レンジを用いて1分間マイクロ波を照射し、室温まで放冷する作業を10回繰り返した。試料を濾過し、DMFを用いた洗浄を繰り返すことで、未反応のアゾジカルボンアミドを完全に除去した。次に、真空乾燥して薄片化黒鉛誘導体Cを得た。
N-(2-アミノエチル)グリシン(東京化成社製)5gをホルムアルデヒド(東京化成社製)で反応させアゾメチンイリドを生成した。次に、得られた試料をフラスコにいれ、トルエン50gに実施例1と同じ薄片化黒鉛2gを分散させたものと混合した。試料の入ったフラスコに還流塔を設け、110℃で5時間反応させた。試料を濾過し、水を用いた洗浄を繰り返すことで、未反応の化合物を完全に除去した。次に、真空乾燥して薄片化黒鉛誘導体Dを得た。
ガラス容器に4-ニトロベンゼンジアゾニウムテトラフルオロボレイト(東京化成社製)5g、実施例1と同じ薄片化黒鉛2gを入れ、よく分散させた。次に、得られた試料に対して400Wの電子レンジを用いて1分間マイクロ波を照射し、室温まで放冷する作業を10回繰り返した。次に、白金触媒下で水素を吹き込み、1時間にわたって還元した。試料を濾過し、水を用いた洗浄を繰り返すことで、未反応の化合物を完全に除去した。次に、真空乾燥して薄片化黒鉛誘導体Eを得た。
ガラス容器に2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)ジハイドロクロライド(和光純薬社製)5gを水20gに溶かし、N-メチルピロリドン(NMP)40gと実施例1と同じ薄片化黒鉛2gを入れ、よく分散させた。次に、得られた試料に対して750Wの電子レンジを用いて30秒間マイクロ波を照射し、室温まで放冷する作業を10回繰り返した。試料を濾過し、水を用いた洗浄を繰り返すことで、未反応の化合物を完全に除去した。真空乾燥して薄片化黒鉛誘導体Fを得た。
ガラス容器に無水マレイン酸5g、N-メチルピロリドン(NMP)40gと実施例1と同じ薄片化黒鉛2gを入れ、よく分散させた。次に、得られた試料に対して750Wの電子レンジを用いて20秒間マイクロ波を照射し、室温まで放冷する作業を10回繰り返した。試料を濾過し、アセトンを用いた洗浄を繰り返すことで、未反応の無水マレイン酸を完全に除去した。真空乾燥して薄片化黒鉛誘導体Gを得た。
ガラス容器に水に溶解したジドブシン5gを、エタノール40gと実施例1と同じ薄片化黒鉛2gを入れ、よく分散させた。次に、得られた試料に対して、10分間紫外線を照射した。試料を濾過し、エタノールを用いた洗浄を繰り返すことで、未反応のジドプシンを完全に除去した。真空乾燥して薄片化黒鉛誘導体Hを得た。
マイクロ波を照射しなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、マイクロ波照射されていない非改質の薄片化黒鉛A1を得た。この非改質の薄片化黒鉛A1を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてシートを得た。
マイクロ波を照射しなかったこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、マイクロ波照射されていない非改質の薄片化黒鉛B1を得た。この非改質の薄片化黒鉛B1を用いたこと以外は実施例2と同様にしてシートを得た。
マイクロ波を照射しなかったこと以外は、実施例3と同様にして、マイクロ波照射されていない非改質の薄片化黒鉛C1を得た。この非改質の薄片化黒鉛C1を用いたこと以外は実施例3と同様にしてシートを得た。
熱を加えなかったこと以外は実施例4と同様にして、熱を加えていない非改質の薄片化黒鉛D1を得た。この非改質の薄片化黒鉛D1を用いたこと以外は実施例4と同様にしてシートを得た。
マイクロ波を照射しなかったこと以外は実施例5と同様にして、マイクロ波照射されていない非改質の薄片化黒鉛E1を得た。この非改質の薄片化黒鉛E1を用いたこと以外は実施例5と同様にしてシートを得た。
マイクロ波を照射しなかったこと以外は実施例6と同様にして、マイクロ波照射されていない非改質の薄片化黒鉛F1を得た。この非改質の薄片化黒鉛F1を用いたこと以外は実施例6と同様にしてシートを得た。
マイクロ波を照射しなかったこと以外は実施例7と同様にして、マイクロ波照射されていない非改質の薄片化黒鉛G1を得た。この非改質の薄片化黒鉛G1を用いたこと以外は実施例7と同様にしてシートを得た。
紫外線を照射しなかったこと以外は実施例8と同様にして、紫外線照射されていない非改質の薄片化黒鉛H1を得た。この非改質の薄片化黒鉛H1を用いたこと以外は実施例8と同様にしてシートを得た。
実施例1~8で得られたシートに含まれる薄片化黒鉛誘導体のグラフト化率、及び実施例1~8及び比較例1~8で得られた引張弾性率は、以下の要領で測定した。
実施例及び比較例で得られたシートを小さく裁断し、濾紙で包んで内容物が漏れ出ないよう濾紙を折り込み、さらにその周囲を金属クリップで封止した後に、過剰量の良溶媒に12時間浸すことで非グラフト性の樹脂を溶解除去した後、真空乾燥させることを3回繰り返した。得られた試料を真空乾燥することで薄片化黒鉛誘導体を単離回収した。精製した薄片化黒鉛誘導体を空気雰囲気下、30~600℃、10℃/分でTGA測定を行い、500℃までの分解物量をAwt%、未分解物量をBwt%として下記の式により求めた。
実施例及び比較例で得られたシートの23℃における引張弾性率をJIS K6767に準拠して測定した。
Claims (10)
- 薄片化黒鉛と、活性エネルギー線の照射により、前記薄片化黒鉛にグラフト化する反応性化合物とを含む混合物を用意する工程と、
前記混合物に対して、活性エネルギー線を照射することにより、前記薄片化黒鉛に前記反応性化合物をグラフト化させる工程とを備える、薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。 - 前記反応性化合物が、樹脂との反応性を有する官能基を含む、請求項1に記載の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂との反応性を有する官能基が、(メタ)アクリル基、ビニル基、ビニルエーテル基、グリシジル基、チオール基、ハロゲン基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、スルホ基、アミノ基、ヒドロキシ基、オキシム基、ニトリル基、イソシアネート基、シリル基、およびこれらの誘導体からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種である、請求項2に記載の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。
- 前記反応性化合物が、薄片化黒鉛との反応性を有する官能基を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。
- 前記薄片化黒鉛との反応性を有する官能基が、(メタ)アクリル基、ビニル基、ビニリデン基、ビニレン基、アゾ基、アジ基、ジアゾ基、ペルオキシ基、イリド基、ハロゲン基、およびこれらの誘導体からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種である、請求項4に記載の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。
- 前記反応性化合物が、モノマーまたはオリゴマーである、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。
- 前記反応性化合物が、ラジカル反応性化合物である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。
- 前記活性エネルギー線が、電磁波である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。
- 前記活性エネルギー線が、マイクロ波である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法。
- 薄片化黒鉛と、活性エネルギー線の照射により、前記薄片化黒鉛にグラフト化する反応性化合物とを含む混合物を用意する工程と、
前記混合物に対して、活性エネルギー線を照射することにより、前記薄片化黒鉛に前記反応性化合物をグラフト化させて、薄片化黒鉛誘導体を得る工程と、
前記薄片化黒鉛誘導体と樹脂とを混合する工程とを備える、薄片化黒鉛・樹脂複合材料の製造方法。
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JP2013548692A JP6294077B2 (ja) | 2012-10-19 | 2013-10-11 | 薄片化黒鉛誘導体の製造方法、及び薄片化黒鉛・樹脂複合材料の製造方法 |
US14/436,668 US20160167969A1 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2013-10-11 | Method for manufacturing exfoliated graphite derivative, and method for manufacturing exfoliated graphite-resin composite material |
EP13846668.5A EP2910524A4 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2013-10-11 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING A FLUFFY GRAPHITE DERIVATIVE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FLUFFY GRAPHITE DERIVATIVE AND RESIN COMPOSITE |
CN201380048211.6A CN104661958A (zh) | 2012-10-19 | 2013-10-11 | 薄片化石墨衍生物的制造方法、以及薄片化石墨-树脂复合材料的制造方法 |
KR1020157006961A KR20150070106A (ko) | 2012-10-19 | 2013-10-11 | 박편화 흑연 유도체의 제조 방법 및 박편화 흑연·수지 복합 재료의 제조 방법 |
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JP2016029002A (ja) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-03-03 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 薄片化黒鉛、電極材料及び薄片化黒鉛−樹脂複合材料 |
JP2016029003A (ja) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-03-03 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 薄片化黒鉛、電極材料及び薄片化黒鉛−樹脂複合材料 |
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