WO2013191197A1 - 核酸の検出方法および核酸検出キット - Google Patents
核酸の検出方法および核酸検出キット Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013191197A1 WO2013191197A1 PCT/JP2013/066799 JP2013066799W WO2013191197A1 WO 2013191197 A1 WO2013191197 A1 WO 2013191197A1 JP 2013066799 W JP2013066799 W JP 2013066799W WO 2013191197 A1 WO2013191197 A1 WO 2013191197A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6834—Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6806—Preparing nucleic acids for analysis, e.g. for polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assay
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- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6816—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means
- C12Q1/6825—Nucleic acid detection involving sensors
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2563/00—Nucleic acid detection characterized by the use of physical, structural and functional properties
- C12Q2563/107—Nucleic acid detection characterized by the use of physical, structural and functional properties fluorescence
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2565/00—Nucleic acid analysis characterised by mode or means of detection
- C12Q2565/50—Detection characterised by immobilisation to a surface
- C12Q2565/549—Detection characterised by immobilisation to a surface characterised by the capture oligonucleotide being a reporter labelled capture oligonucleotide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nucleic acid detection method using hybridization between a capture probe and a nucleic acid.
- nucleic acids various nucleic acids / nucleic acid complementarity such as Northern blotting or Southern blotting can be used to examine the relationship between various genes and their biological function expression.
- proteins the function and expression of proteins can be examined using protein-protein reactions as represented by Western blotting.
- a capture probe made of a nucleic acid is used for the purpose of detecting a nucleic acid (target nucleic acid) to be examined.
- a capture probe made of a nucleic acid is used for simultaneous detection of a plurality of types of target nucleic acids using a DNA chip or a DNA microarray in which a large number of capture probes are immobilized on a support.
- the sequence of the target nucleic acid can be examined by bringing the capture probe immobilized on the support into contact with the target nucleic acid and examining the complementarity depending on the presence or absence of hybridization between the capture probe and the target nucleic acid.
- a method is generally used in which a label is introduced into the target nucleic acid and the signal of the label is detected after contact with the capture probe.
- a method for introducing a label into a target nucleic acid there are a method of introducing before hybridization with a capture probe and a method of introducing after hybridization.
- the latter is called post-dying method, and is a method of introducing a labeled body by bringing the hybridized target nucleic acid into contact with the labeled body. Since the labeled body is bound after hybridization, a relatively large-sized labeled body.
- the labeling step can be repeated for detection signal amplification (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- a labeling solution containing a monovalent metal cation such as sodium ion having a high concentration of about 500 to 1000 mM.
- divalent metal cations are known to be substances that activate various nucleolytic enzymes, they should not be actively used in nucleic acid detection methods using hybridization.
- the technical idea of using a divalent metal cation in the labeling step of the post-dyeing method is not known.
- the target nucleic acid hybridized to the capture probe is peeled off when the label is introduced into the target nucleic acid or when the label not introduced into the target nucleic acid is washed and removed. As a result, the problem that the detection signal was reduced was found.
- the object of the present invention is to find a substance that suppresses the detachment of the target nucleic acid hybridized to the capture probe from the support in the labeling step in the post-dye method in addition to sodium ion, rather than sodium ion. It is an object of the present invention to provide a nucleic acid detection method capable of detecting a target nucleic acid at a low concentration and with a sensitivity equivalent to or higher.
- the present inventor introduced the target nucleic acid into the target nucleic acid by using a solution containing a divalent metal cation that was avoided in the nucleic acid hybridization step in the labeling step of the target nucleic acid hybridized to the capture probe. It is possible to suppress the detachment of the target nucleic acid during washing / removal of the label that has not been performed, and as a result, it has been found that the detection signal can be made equal to or higher than when sodium ions are used, The present invention has been completed.
- the present invention includes the following (1) to (13).
- the divalent metal cation is at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium ion, zinc ion, manganese ion and calcium ion.
- the introduction of a label into the target nucleic acid causes the labeled antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that undergoes an antigen-antibody reaction with the hybridized double-stranded nucleic acid to react with the double-stranded nucleic acid with an antigen-antibody.
- Immobilization of the double-stranded nucleic acid on the support comprises an antibody immobilized on the support or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, and the double-stranded nucleic acid, which reacts with the double-stranded nucleic acid by antigen-antibody reaction.
- (9) A nucleic acid detection kit comprising a capture probe and a reagent containing a divalent metal cation having a concentration of 10 mM or more.
- a nucleic acid detection kit comprising a support on which a capture probe is immobilized and a reagent containing a divalent metal cation having a concentration of 10 mM or more.
- the target nucleic acid hybridized to the capture probe can be detected with high sensitivity and good reproducibility.
- target nucleic acid used in the detection method of the present invention examples include, but are not limited to, genes such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses, causative genes of genetic diseases, and the like, and parts thereof.
- Samples containing these target nucleic acids include body fluids such as blood, serum, plasma, urine, feces, spinal fluid, saliva, wipes, various tissue fluids, various tissues, paraffin-embedded samples (FFPE), and sections thereof.
- body fluids such as blood, serum, plasma, urine, feces, spinal fluid, saliva, wipes, various tissue fluids, various tissues, paraffin-embedded samples (FFPE), and sections thereof.
- FFPE paraffin-embedded samples
- the target nucleic acid to be a test substance may be a nucleic acid extracted from blood or cells by a conventional method, and DNA or RNA extracted from a specimen can be used.
- DNA examples include, but are not limited to, labeled DNA, viral DNA, bacteria, mold and other DNA, cDNA obtained by reverse transcription of RNA, and fragments that are a part thereof.
- RNA messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), small RNA, fragments that are a part thereof, and the like can be used, but are not limited thereto.
- chemically synthesized DNA or RNA can be used as the target nucleic acid.
- the support can be a slide glass, a resin substrate, a membrane, beads or the like.
- the material of the support is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include inorganic materials such as glass, ceramic and silicon, and polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate and silicone rubber.
- the capture probe means a substance that can directly and selectively bind to the target nucleic acid contained in the test sample.
- nucleic acid derivatives such as DNA, RNA, PNA (Peptide Nucleic Acid), LNA (Locked Nucleic Acid), ENA (Ethylene-Bridged Nucleic Acid) may be used. it can.
- a derivative is a labeled derivative with a fluorescent substance, a modified nucleotide (for example, a halogen or an alkyl such as methyl, an alkoxy such as methoxy, an alkoxy such as methoxy, a nucleotide or a base containing a group such as carboxymethyl, It means a chemically modified derivative such as a derivative containing nucleotides subjected to saturation of double bonds, deamination, substitution of oxygen molecules with sulfur molecules, and the like.
- a modified nucleotide for example, a halogen or an alkyl such as methyl, an alkoxy such as methoxy, an alkoxy such as methoxy, a nucleotide or a base containing a group such as carboxymethyl.
- a single-stranded nucleic acid having a specific base sequence selectively hybridizes and binds to a single-stranded nucleic acid having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence or a part thereof.
- the capture probe used in the present invention may be a commercially available probe or a probe obtained from a living cell. Particularly preferred as a capture probe is a nucleic acid.
- nucleic acids called oligonucleic acids having a length of up to 200 bases can be easily artificially synthesized with a synthesizer.
- the carrier is preferably made of a material resistant to the organic solvent.
- the unevenness produced by using the method described in JP-T-10-503841 A glass support having a structure can be used.
- the support is preferably made of a light-transmitting material.
- the method of Hirota et al. Japanese Patent No. 3922454
- a glass capillary can be used as a method for dropping and fixing the capture probe onto the upper surface of the support.
- the glass capillary As an example of the glass capillary, a commercially available product such as a self-made glass capillary or a micropipette (manufactured by Micro Support Co., Ltd., MP-005) can be used, but the method is not limited to these methods.
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting a nucleic acid by hybridizing a capture probe and a target nucleic acid, by contacting the nucleic acid hybridized to the capture probe with a solution containing a label and a divalent metal cation. It is characterized by introducing a label into the nucleic acid.
- the hybridization step and the label introduction step will be described.
- Hybridization between the capture probe and the target nucleic acid can be performed by a method known per se. It is known that the stringency during hybridization of a capture probe and target nucleic acid is a function of temperature, salt concentration, probe chain length, GC content of the probe nucleotide sequence, and the concentration of chaotropic agent in the hybridization buffer. For example, Sambrook, J. et al. et al. (1998) Molecular Cloning: Conditions described in A Laboratory Manual (2nd ed.), Cold Spring Harbor Press, New York, and the like can be used. The stringent temperature condition is about 30 ° C. or higher, usually about 10 ° C. to 70 ° C.
- conditions include hybridization time, detergent (for example, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) concentration, presence or absence of carrier DNA, etc.
- SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
- Various stringency can be set by combining these conditions. Can do.
- Those skilled in the art may appropriately determine conditions for obtaining a function as a capture probe prepared for detection of a desired target nucleic acid.
- Hybridization of the capture probe and the target nucleic acid may be carried out in a state where the capture probe is immobilized on a support, or may be immobilized on the support after hybridization.
- a method for immobilizing a capture probe after hybridization for example, a solid-phase antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof (Fab fragment or the like) that specifically binds to a duplex formed with a target nucleic acid (antigen-antibody reaction). It can be carried out using F (ab ′) 2 fragment or the like (see Examples below).
- the label can be introduced into the target nucleic acid hybridized with the capture probe by a method known per se, for example, after contacting the target nucleic acid with a solution containing the label and the divalent metal cation.
- a method of introducing a label by chemical reaction, enzyme reaction, nucleic acid hybridization, etc., or a reactive functional group is introduced into the target nucleic acid by chemical reaction, enzyme reaction, nucleic acid hybridization, etc. And a solution containing the metal cation is brought into contact and then reacted with the functional group of the label to introduce it.
- a labeled body can be introduced by introducing a nucleic acid having an amino group into a target nucleic acid by an enzyme reaction and reacting with a labeled body having a succinimide group that reacts with the amino group.
- the labeled product can be introduced through the avidin-biotin reaction. It is also possible to introduce a label by contacting an intercalator-type label inserted into a double-stranded part formed by hybridization of the target nucleic acid and the probe nucleic acid.
- it can be performed using an antibody that reacts with a double chain for an antigen-antibody reaction or an antigen-binding fragment thereof (Fab fragment, F (ab ′) 2 fragment, etc.) (see Examples below).
- Examples of the label that can be used in the present invention include organic fluorescent dyes, phosphorescent dyes, quantum dots, fluorescent proteins such as fluorescent proteins, redox species capable of transferring electrons, alkaline phosphatase, horseradish peroxidase, and the like. Those bound with an enzyme such as can be used. Of these labels, phosphors can be preferably used from the viewpoint of detection sensitivity and simplicity.
- organic fluorescent dyes examples include cyanine (cyanine 2), aminomethylcoumarin, fluorescein, indocarbocyanine (cyanine 3), cyanine 3.5, tetramethylrhodamine, rhodamine red, Texas red, indocarbocyanine (cyanine 5), Examples include cyanine 5.5, cyanine 7, oyster, and BODIPY dyes.
- intercalator-type fluorescent dyes include ethidium bromide and acridine orange.
- fluorescent proteins include phycoerythrin (PE), allophycocyanin (APC), green fluorescent protein (GFP), and red fluorescence.
- Well-known fluorescent substance, such as protein (RFP) is mentioned.
- a semiconductor fine particle having a light emitting property may be used as the phosphor.
- semiconductor fine particles include cadmium selenide (CdSe), cadmium sulfide (CdS), cadmium telluride (CdTe), indium gallium phosphide (InGaP), chalcopyrite fine particles, silicon (Si), and the like.
- the fluorescence signal can be detected by a fluorescence microscope or a fluorescence scanner.
- the labeled body is removed using a solution containing the labeled body and a divalent metal cation.
- the divalent metal cation means an element / complex capable of releasing two electrons in a solution to become a divalent cation.
- Monoatomic ions composed of alkaline earth metal ions such as ions, transition metals such as manganese ions, cobalt ions, zinc ions, thiocyanoiron (III) ions, tetraammine zinc (II) ions, hexaammine nickel (II) ions And complex ions.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium ion, zinc ion, manganese ion and calcium ion is preferable, and considering the binding stability to double-stranded nucleic acid Magnesium ions and manganese ions are particularly preferred.
- the concentration of the divalent metal cation in the solution is 10 mM or more, preferably 50 mM or more, more preferably 100 mM or more from the viewpoint of nucleic acid detection signal intensity. Moreover, it is preferable to set it as less than 500 mM from a viewpoint of the noise increase by reduction of a reagent amount and precipitation of the metal cation in a solution.
- washing and removing step itself can be performed by a method known per se.
- a buffer solution for example, a citrate buffer solution such as SSC
- a surfactant preferably a nonionic surfactant such as Tween (trade name) series
- Washing can be performed at a low temperature of about 10 to 10 ° C. for 1 to 10 minutes.
- the detection step itself can be performed by a well-known method, and can be performed by detecting the signal of the label introduced into the double-stranded nucleic acid.
- the detected signal is compared with ambient noise.
- the signal value obtained from the position where the capture probe is fixed is compared with the signal value obtained from other positions, and the target nucleic acid is detected when the former value is exceeded To do.
- the measurement of the signal value can be performed by a well-known method for each label, and various apparatuses for that purpose are commercially available, and can be easily performed using a commercially available measuring apparatus.
- the label is a fluorescent label, it can be easily performed using a commercially available DNA chip scanner or the like.
- the target nucleic acid may be quantified by measuring the signal value.
- the present invention can be used even when the target nucleic acid is quantified. It is included in the detection method.
- the nucleic acid detection kit of the present invention includes at least a capture probe and a reagent containing a divalent metal cation.
- the reagent containing a divalent metal cation is preferably a reagent containing the divalent metal cation and a label.
- the capture probe may be immobilized on a support.
- the support on which the capture probe contained in the detection kit of the present invention is immobilized is a support in which the capture probe is immobilized on the support.
- the reagent containing a divalent metal cation contained in the kit of the present invention may be in a dry state or in a solution state, and when it is in a dry state, a solvent for dissolving it may be included.
- the reagent that can be included in the detection kit of the present invention includes a reagent containing the label, a reagent for adjusting pH, a surfactant, a reagent containing a protein or nucleic acid for preventing the label from adsorbing to the support. These may be in a dry state or in a solution state, and may be independent reagents or appropriately mixed reagents. If they are in a dry state, they are dissolved. Solvent may be included.
- Example 1 (1) Preparation of DNA chip
- the capture probe was synthesized by commissioning Operon's oligo DNA modified at the 5 'end with an amino group. Table 1 shows the base sequence of the capture probe. This capture probe was fixed to a “3D-Gene” substrate (256-column substrate) manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. and used as an evaluation DNA chip.
- a 30-base oligo DNA (Table 1) having a sequence complementary to a capture probe and having biotin introduced at the 5 'end was commissioned and synthesized by Operon. Table 1 shows the base sequence of the target nucleic acid.
- the oligo DNA was diluted with 1 ⁇ hybridization solution (described later) to 200 fmol / l to obtain a sample DNA.
- Hybridization In 5 ⁇ l of sample DNA, 1 ⁇ hybridization solution (1 wt% BSA (bovine serum albumin), 5 ⁇ SSC, 1 wt% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate), 50 ng / ml salmon sperm DNA solution, 5 wt% 35 ⁇ l of dextran sulfate sodium (30% formamide) was added to obtain a hybridization solution. The whole amount was injected into a DNA chip and set in an incubator heated at 32 ° C. Hybridization was performed at 32 ° C. for 2 hours while swirling at 250 rpm according to the standard protocol of “3D-gene”.
- the DNA chip was washed with a washing solution (0.5 ⁇ SSC, 0.1 wt% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate)) heated to 30 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then used with a spin dryer (Wakken Yakuhin). Dried.
- a washing solution 0.5 ⁇ SSC, 0.1 wt% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate)
- Magnesium ions were added as divalent metal cations to be added at the time of sample DNA labeling.
- Phosphor-containing buffer solution for labeling sample DNA with 1M magnesium chloride hexahydrate 50 ng / ⁇ l SAPE (streptavidin phycoerythrin, Prozyme), 100 mM MES (2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt), 0 .05 wt% Tween 20 (trade name), 2 mg / ml BSA (bovine serum albumin)) and adjusted so that the final concentration of magnesium ions is 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 500 mM, respectively. And used as a labeling solution.
- the sodium ion concentration derived from MES was 74 mM. These labeling solutions were dropped on the DNA chip and incubated at 35 ° C. for 5 minutes. After washing with a washing liquid (6 ⁇ SSPE buffer solution, 0.01 wt% Tween 20 (trade name)) heated to 30 ° C. for 5 minutes, it was dried using a spin dryer (Wakken Yakuhin). The labeled DNA chip detected a fluorescent signal using a DNA chip scanner (Toray Industries, Inc.). The scanner was set to 100% laser output and 70% photomultiplier voltage.
- Comparative Example 1 When the sample DNA is labeled, a divalent metal cation is not added, and a phosphor-containing buffer solution for labeling the sample DNA (50 ng / ⁇ l SAPE (streptavidin phycoerythrin, Prozyme), 100 mM MES (2- Morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt), 0.05 wt% Tween 20 (trade name), 2 mg / ml BSA (bovine serum albumin)) was used as a labeling solution. The sodium ion concentration derived from MES was 74 mM. This labeling solution was dropped on the DNA chip and incubated at 35 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- SAPE streptavidin phycoerythrin, Prozyme
- 100 mM MES (2- Morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt 0.05 wt% Tween 20 (trade name)
- the sodium ion concentration derived from MES was
- Reference example 1 A predetermined amount of sodium chloride was added to a phosphor-containing buffer (50 ng / ⁇ l SAPE (Streptavidin Phycoerythrin, Prozyme), 100 mM MES (2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt), 0.05 wt% Tween 20 (trade name) A solution added to 2 mg / ml BSA (bovine serum albumin)) was prepared. At this time, the final concentration of sodium ions was adjusted to 500 or 1000 mM to obtain a labeling solution. These labeling solutions were dropped on the DNA chip and incubated at 35 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- SAPE Streptavidin Phycoerythrin, Prozyme
- MES 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
- Tween 20 trade name
- Table 2 shows the results of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Reference Example 1. From the results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the detection signal increased by adding magnesium ions to the sample DNA labeling reagent. Further, from the results of Example 1 and Reference Example 1, when magnesium ions were added to the sample DNA labeling reagent, a detection signal equal to or higher than that when sodium ions were added was observed at a lower concentration, in particular, magnesium. It was found that the detection signal was greatly improved when the ion concentration was 50 mM or more. The detection signal (noise) of the spot where the capture probe was not immobilized was 230 to 270.
- Reference example 2 (1) Measurement of melting temperature (Tm) of double-stranded DNA As a mechanism for improving the detection signal by adding a divalent metal cation at the time of labeling of sample DNA, simply by increasing the salt concentration during hybridization It was expected that the stability of the double-stranded DNA formed by the hybridization of the capture probe and the sample DNA was increased, that is, simply due to an increase in Tm. Therefore, in order to evaluate the duplex stability of double-stranded DNA under cation addition conditions, Tm of double-stranded DNA under various cation concentrations was measured.
- Tm melting temperature
- Tm measurement solution was prepared by adding 1 M magnesium chloride hexahydrate aqueous solution to 500 ⁇ l of 100 mM MES so that final concentrations of magnesium ions were 0, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 500 mM, 100 mM MES itself, 5 mM sodium chloride was added to 500 ⁇ l of 100 mM MES, and the final concentration of sodium ions was adjusted to 500 and 1000 mM was prepared.
- 1 mM oligo 1 and oligo 2 (the sequences of oligo 1 and oligo 2 are complementary) listed in Table 3 were added so that the final concentration was 2 ⁇ M. Heavy chain DNA was formed.
- Tm measurement of double-stranded DNA in the measurement solution was performed with a Tm analysis system (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, TMSPC-8) and an ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, UV-1650PC).
- Analytical software manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used to measure the data obtained using an 8-span micro multicell (optical path length: 10 mm) (measurement temperature range is 20 to 95 ° C, heating rate is 1.0 ° C / min). , Lab Solution).
- Table 4 shows the results of Tm measurement under various cation concentrations. From this result, Tm was increased by adding magnesium ion as compared with the case where magnesium ion was not added, but Tm hardly changed when the concentration of magnesium ion was 10 mM or more. It was also found that when 500 mM and 1000 mM sodium ions were added, the Tm was the same as when 10 mM or more magnesium ions were added. That is, it has been clarified that the addition of a divalent metal cation increases the Tm value of the double-stranded DNA to some extent, but the increase in the Tm value does not contribute to the improvement of the detection signal.
- Example 2 Calcium ions, manganese ions, or zinc ions were added as divalent metal cations to be added at the time of sample DNA labeling.
- phosphor-containing buffer 50 ng / ⁇ l SAPE (streptavidin phycoerythrin, Prozyme)
- Table 5 shows the detection results. Similarly to the magnesium ion in Example 1, even when calcium ion or manganese ion was added, the detection signal was improved as compared with the case where no divalent metal cation was added (Comparative Example 1). In addition, even when the sodium ion concentration shown in Reference Example 1 was 500 or 1000 mM, significant signal improvement was shown. The detection signal (noise) of the spot where the capture probe was not immobilized was 230 to 270.
- Example 3 the variation in detection signal by adding a divalent metal cation was verified.
- Magnesium ions were added as a divalent metal cation to be added at the time of sample DNA labeling.
- 1M magnesium chloride hexahydrate is used as a fluorescent substance-containing buffer for labeling sample DNA (50 ng / ⁇ l SAPE (streptavidin phycoerythrin, Prozyme), 100 mM MES (2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt), 0 .05 wt% Tween 20 (trade name), 2 mg / ml BSA (bovine serum albumin)) was adjusted so that the final concentration of magnesium ions was 100 mM to obtain a labeling solution.
- SAPE streptavidin phycoerythrin, Prozyme
- MES 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
- 0 .05 wt% Tween 20 trade name
- the sodium ion concentration derived from MES was 74 mM. These labeling solutions were dropped on the DNA chip and incubated at 35 ° C. for 5 minutes. The plate was washed with a washing solution (6 ⁇ SSPE buffer, 0.01 wt% Tween 20 (trade name)) heated to 30 ° C. for 5 minutes and then dried using a spin dryer (Wakken). The labeled DNA chip detected a fluorescent signal using a DNA chip scanner (Toray Industries, Inc.). The scanner was set to 100% laser output and 70% photomultiplier voltage. Table 6 shows the index CV value of the variation of the detection signal in the DNA chip. The CV value was calculated by (standard deviation of 4 spots) / (signal average value of 4 spots) ⁇ 100.
- Comparative Example 3 Sample DNA was hybridized and labeled in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- Table 6 shows the index CV value of the variation of the detection signal in the DNA chip. The calculation of the CV value was performed in the same manner as in Example 3.
- Reference example 3 A predetermined amount of sodium chloride was added to a phosphor-containing buffer (50 ng / ⁇ l SAPE (Streptavidin Phycoerythrin, Prozyme), 100 mM MES (2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt), 0.05 wt% Tween 20 (trade name) A solution added to 2 mg / ml BSA (bovine serum albumin)) was prepared. At this time, the final concentration of sodium ions was adjusted to 1000 mM to obtain a labeling solution. These labeling solutions were dropped on the DNA chip and incubated at 35 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- SAPE Streptavidin Phycoerythrin, Prozyme
- MES 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
- Tween 20 trade name
- Example 1 Fluorescence signal was detected.
- Table 6 shows the index CV value of the variation of the detection signal in the DNA chip. The calculation of the CV value was performed in the same manner as in Example 3.
- Table 6 shows that the CV value is remarkably improved when 100 mM of magnesium is added and when magnesium is not added or when 1000 mM of sodium is added. That is, it was shown that the variation between spots was improved.
- Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 In this example, whether or not the detection sensitivity is improved by adding magnesium chloride to the detection reagent 1 for labeling the DNA / RNA duplex, in which the target nucleic acid is hybridized to the capture probe not fixed to the support, is verified. went.
- the effect of the present invention was verified using Hybrid Capture 2 (trade name, Qiagen), which detects HPV (human papillomavirus) by forming a DNA / RNA duplex.
- Hybrid Capture 2 (trade name, Qiagen)
- complementary RNA is hybridized to HPV DNA, and then captured (captured) on a substrate using an antibody that recognizes a DNA / RNA duplex.
- Hybrid Capture 2 (trade name) was performed according to the attached manual.
- pHPV16 in which genomic DNA of human papillomavirus was cloned, was purchased from the Human Science Research Resource Bank as the specimen DNA. pHPV16 had a total length of 16,600 base pairs. 25 ⁇ l of sample extraction reagent was added to the sample solution adjusted to contain 1 amol of pHPV16 and the sample solution adjusted to contain 0.01 amol. After stirring with a vortex mixer, the mixture was reacted for 45 minutes in a water bath set at 65 ° C.
- Hybrid capture product name 100 ⁇ l of the hybridization reaction solution was transferred to the well of the capture plate and reacted by shaking for 60 minutes at 25 ° C. using a rotary shaker (1,100 rpm). After the reaction, the supernatant was removed.
- Detection reaction 75 ⁇ l of detection reagent 1 (alkaline phosphatase-labeled anti-DNA / RNA complex mouse monoclonal antibody) was dispensed and reacted at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes. At this time, detection reagent 1 was prepared with magnesium chloride added to a final concentration of 100 mM (with Mg) and not added (without Mg), and each was used for the reaction.
- detection reagent 1 alkaline phosphatase-labeled anti-DNA / RNA complex mouse monoclonal antibody
- detection reagent 2 sodium 2-chloro-5- (4-methoxyspiro ⁇ 1,2-dioxethane-3,2 '-(5'-chloro) tricycle [3.3.11] decan ⁇ - 4-yl) -1-phenyl phosphatase solution
- detection reagent 2 sodium 2-chloro-5- (4-methoxyspiro ⁇ 1,2-dioxethane-3,2 '-(5'-chloro) tricycle [3.3.11] decan ⁇ - 4-yl) -1-phenyl phosphatase solution
- the present invention can be used for nucleic acid detection such as genetic diagnosis, identification of pathogenic bacteria, or detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms.
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Abstract
Description
形成された二重鎖核酸を、標識体および濃度10mM以上の二価の金属カチオンを含む溶液と接触させて、該二重鎖核酸に該標識体を導入する工程と、
前記二重鎖核酸に導入された前記標識体を検出する工程とを含む、標的核酸の検出方法。
(2)前記捕捉プローブが支持体に固定化されている、(1)に記載の方法。
(3)前記二価の金属カチオンがマグネシウムイオン、亜鉛イオン、マンガンイオンおよびカルシウムイオンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類である、(1)または(2)に記載の方法。
(4)前記溶液中の二価の金属カチオン濃度が50mM以上である、(1)~(3)のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(5)前記標識体が蛍光体である、(1)~(4)のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(6)前記標的核酸への前記標識体の導入が、アビジン-ビオチン相互作用を利用して行われる、(1)~(5)のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(7)前記標的核酸がビオチン化されており、前記標識体の導入は、標識アビジン又は標識ストレプトアビジンと前記標的核酸上のビオチンとを相互作用させることにより行われる(6)記載の方法。
(8)前記標的核酸への標識体の導入が、前記ハイブリダイズした二重鎖核酸と抗原抗体反応する標識された抗体又はその抗原結合性断片を、前記二重鎖核酸と抗原抗体反応させることにより行われる(1)~(5)のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(9)前記捕捉プローブと、前記標的核酸とをハイブリダイズさせる工程においては、前記捕捉プローブは支持体に固定されていない遊離の状態にあり、前記捕捉プローブと前記標的核酸とがハイブリダイズした二重鎖核酸を支持体に固定化する、(1)、(3)~(7)のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(10)前記二重鎖核酸の前記支持体への固定化は、該二重鎖核酸と抗原抗体反応する、支持体上に固定化された抗体又はその抗原結合性断片と前記二重鎖核酸とを抗原抗体反応させることにより行われる(9)記載の方法。
(11)捕捉プローブおよび濃度10mM以上の二価の金属カチオンを含む試薬を含む、核酸検出キット。
(12)捕捉プローブを固定した支持体および濃度10mM以上の二価の金属カチオンを含む試薬を含む、核酸検出キット。
(13)二価の金属カチオンを含む前記試薬が、該二価の金属カチオンと標識体とを含む(11)又は(12)記載のキット。
(1) DNAチップの作製
捕捉プローブは5’末端にアミノ基修飾したオリゴDNAをオペロン社にて委託合成した。表1に捕捉プローブの塩基配列を示す。この捕捉プローブを東レ株式会社製の“3D-Gene”基板(256柱基板)に固定して、評価用DNAチップとして用いた。
標的核酸として、捕捉プローブと相補的な配列を有し、5’末端にビオチンを導入した30塩基のオリゴDNA(表1)をオペロン社にて委託合成した。表1に標的核酸の塩基配列を示す。当該オリゴDNAを200fmol/lとなるまで1×ハイブリダイゼーション溶液(後述)で希釈して検体DNAとした。
検体DNA5μlに1×ハイブリダイゼーション溶液(1重量% BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン)、5×SSC、1重量% SDS(ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム)、50ng/mlサケ精子DNAの溶液、5重量% デキストラン硫酸ナトリウム、30% フォルムアミド)を35μl加え、ハイブリダイゼーション溶液とした。全量をDNAチップに注入し、32℃で加温したインキュベータにセットした。ハイブリダイゼーションは、“3D-gene”の標準プロトコールに従い、250rpmで旋回撹拌をしながら、32℃で2時間行った。ハイブリダイゼーション後、DNAチップを30℃に加温した洗浄液(0.5×SSC、0.1重量% SDS(ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム))で5分間洗浄したのち、スピンドライヤー(和研薬)を用いて乾燥した。
検体DNA標識化の際に二価の金属カチオンを添加せず、検体DNA標識化のための蛍光体含有緩衝液(50ng/μl SAPE(ストレプトアビジンフィコエリスリン、プロザイム社)、100mM MES(2-モルホリノエタンスルホン酸ナトリウム塩)、0.05重量% Tween20(商品名)、2mg/ml BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン))をそのまま標識液とした。なお、MES由来のナトリウムイオン濃度は74mMであった。この標識液をDNAチップ上に滴下し、35℃で5分間インキュベーションした。30℃に加温した洗浄液(6×SSPE、0.01重量% Tween20(商品名))で5分間洗浄したのち、スピンドライヤー(和研薬)を用いて乾燥し、実施例1と同様の条件で蛍光シグナルを検出した。
所定量の塩化ナトリウムを蛍光体含有緩衝液(50ng/μl SAPE(ストレプトアビジンフィコエリスリン、プロザイム社)、100mM MES(2-モルホリノエタンスルホン酸ナトリウム塩)、0.05重量% Tween20(商品名)、2mg/ml BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン))に添加した溶液を用意した。この際、ナトリウムイオンの終濃度が500または1000mMとなるように調整し、標識液とした。これら標識液をDNAチップ上に滴下し、35℃で5分間インキュベーションした。30℃に加温した洗浄液(6×SSPE、0.01重量% Tween20(商品名))で5分間洗浄したのち、スピンドライヤー(和研薬)を用いて乾燥し、実施例1と同様の条件で蛍光シグナルを検出した。
(1) 二重鎖DNAの融解温度(Tm)測定
検体DNAの標識化の際に二価の金属カチオンを添加することによって検出シグナルが改善するメカニズムとして、単にハイブリダイゼーション時の塩濃度の上昇によって捕捉プローブと検体DNAのハイブリダイゼーションで形成される二重鎖DNAの安定性が増す、すなわち、単にTmが上昇することによるものである可能性が予想された。そこで、カチオン添加条件下での二重鎖DNAの二重鎖安定性を評価するため、様々なカチオン濃度下での二重鎖DNAのTmの測定を行った。
検体DNA標識化の際に添加する二価の金属カチオンとして、カルシウムイオン、マンガンイオンまたは亜鉛イオンを添加した。1M 塩化カルシウム二水和物、1M 塩化マンガン水溶液、1M 塩化亜鉛水溶液を蛍光体含有緩衝液(50ng/μl SAPE(ストレプトアビジンフィコエリスリン、プロザイム社)、100mM MES(2-モルホリノエタンスルホン酸ナトリウム塩)、0.05重量% Tween20(商品名)、2mg/ml BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン))に添加して、カルシウムイオン、マンガンイオンの終濃度がそれぞれ100もしくは500mMとなるように調整したものを標識液とした。これら標識液をDNAチップ上に滴下し、35℃で5分間インキュベーションした。30℃に加温した洗浄液(6×SSPE、0.01重量% Tween20(商品名))で5分間洗浄したのち、スピンドライヤー(和研薬)を用いて乾燥し、実施例1と同様の条件で蛍光シグナルを検出した。
本実施例では二価金属カチオンを添加することによる検出シグナルのばらつきの検証を行った。検体DNA標識化の際に添加する二価の金属カチオンとして、マグネシウムイオンを添加した。1M 塩化マグネシウム六水和物を検体DNA標識化のための蛍光体含有緩衝液(50ng/μl SAPE(ストレプトアビジンフィコエリスリン、プロザイム社)、100mM MES(2-モルホリノエタンスルホン酸ナトリウム塩)、0.05重量% Tween20(商品名)、2mg/ml BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン))に添加して、マグネシウムイオンの終濃度が100mMとなるように調整し、標識液とした。なお、MES由来のナトリウムイオン濃度は74mMであった。これら標識液をDNAチップ上に滴下し、35℃で5分間インキュベーションした。30℃に加温した洗浄液(6×SSPE緩衝液、0.01重量% Tween20(商品名))で5分間洗浄したのち、スピンドライヤー(和研薬)を用いて乾燥した。標識済みのDNAチップは、DNAチップスキャナー(東レ株式会社製)を用いて蛍光シグナルを検出した。スキャナーの設定は、レーザー出力100%、フォトマルチプライヤーの電圧設定を70%にした。DNAチップ内の検出シグナルのばらつきの指標CV値を表6に示す。なお、CV値は、(4つのスポットの標準偏差)/(4つスポットのシグナル平均値)×100で算出した。
比較例1と同様の方法で検体DNAのハイブリダイゼーションおよび標識化を行った。DNAチップ内の検出シグナルのばらつきの指標CV値を表6に示す。CV値の算出は実施例3と同様の方法で行った。
所定量の塩化ナトリウムを蛍光体含有緩衝液(50ng/μl SAPE(ストレプトアビジンフィコエリスリン、プロザイム社)、100mM MES(2-モルホリノエタンスルホン酸ナトリウム塩)、0.05重量% Tween20(商品名)、2mg/ml BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン))に添加した溶液を用意した。この際、ナトリウムイオンの終濃度が1000mMとなるように調整し、標識液とした。これら標識液をDNAチップ上に滴下し、35℃で5分間インキュベーションした。30℃に加温した洗浄液(6×SSPE、0.01重量% Tween20(商品名))で5分間洗浄したのち、スピンドライヤー(和研薬)を用いて乾燥し、実施例1と同様の条件で蛍光シグナルを検出した。DNAチップ内の検出シグナルのばらつきの指標CV値を表6に示す。CV値の算出は実施例3と同様の方法で行った。
本実施例では、支持体に固定していない捕捉プローブに標的核酸がハイブリダイズした、DNA・RNA二重鎖を標識する検出試薬1に塩化マグネシウムを添加することで検出感度が向上するか検証を行った。DNA・RNA二重鎖を形成させることでHPV(ヒトパピローマウイルス)を検出するハイブリッドキャプチャー2(商品名、キアゲン社)を用いて本発明の効果を検証した。ハイブリッドキャプチャー2(商品名)は、HPVのDNAに、相補RNAをハイブリダイズさせた後、DNA・RNA二重鎖を認識する抗体を用いて、基材上にキャプチャー(捕捉)する。さらに標識ずみDNA・RNA二重鎖を認識する抗体を結合させることで標識し、検出する原理である。標識反応時に塩化マグネシウム溶液を添加することで、検出感度が向上するか検証した。ハイブリッドキャプチャー2(商品名)の反応は、添付マニュアルに従って実施した。
検体DNAとして、ヒトパピローマウイルスのゲノムDNAがクローニングされた組み替えプラスミドpHPV16をヒューマンサイエンス研究資源バンクより購入し用いた。pHPV16は全長16,600塩基対であった。pHPV16が1amol含まれるように調整した検体溶液、及び0.01amol含まれるように調整した検体溶液に、検体抽出試薬25μlを添加した。ボルテックスミキサーで撹拌した後、65℃に設定したウォーターバスで45分間反応させた。
マニュアルに従って調整したプローブ液25μlに、検体75μlを添加し、ロータリーシェーカー(1100rpm)で 約3 分間振とう攪拌させた。次に65℃のハイブリオーブン内で60分間反応させた。
ハイブリダイゼーション反応溶液100μlを、キャプチャープレートのウェルに移し、ロータリーシェーカー(1,100rpm)を用いて25℃で60分間振とうし、反応させた。反応後、上清を取り除いた。
検出試薬1(アルカリフォスファターゼ標識抗DNA・RNA複合体マウスモノクローナル抗体)75μlを分注し、25℃で30分間反応させた。このとき、検出試薬1に塩化マグネシウムが終濃度100mMになるように添加したもの(Mg有り)と添加しなかったもの(Mgなし)を用意し、それぞれ反応に用いた。反応後、洗浄液で洗浄し、検出試薬2(disodium 2-chloro-5-(4-methoxyspiro{1,2-dioxethane-3,2'-(5'-chloro)tricycle[3.3.11]decan}-4-yl)-1-phenyl phosphatase溶液)を添加し、25℃で15分間反応させた。反応後、発光量はルミノメーターを用いて測定した。検出結果を表7に示した。
Claims (13)
- 捕捉プローブと標的核酸をハイブリダイズさせて二重鎖核酸を形成する工程と、
形成された二重鎖核酸を、標識体および濃度10mM以上の二価の金属カチオンを含む溶液と接触させて、該二重鎖核酸に該標識体を導入する工程と、
前記二重鎖核酸に導入された前記標識体を検出する工程とを含む、標的核酸の検出方法。 - 前記捕捉プローブが支持体に固定化されている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記二価の金属カチオンがマグネシウムイオン、亜鉛イオン、マンガンイオンおよびカルシウムイオンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液中の二価の金属カチオン濃度が50mM以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記標識体が蛍光体である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記標的核酸への前記標識体の導入が、アビジン-ビオチン相互作用を利用して行われる、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記標的核酸がビオチン化されており、前記標識体の導入は、標識アビジン又は標識ストレプトアビジンと前記標的核酸上のビオチンとを相互作用させることにより行われる請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記標的核酸への標識体の導入が、前記ハイブリダイズした二重鎖核酸と抗原抗体反応する標識された抗体又はその抗原結合性断片を、前記二重鎖核酸と抗原抗体反応させることにより行われる請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記捕捉プローブと、前記標的核酸とをハイブリダイズさせる工程においては、前記捕捉プローブは支持体に固定されていない遊離の状態にあり、前記捕捉プローブと前記標的核酸とがハイブリダイズした二重鎖核酸を支持体に固定化する、請求項1、3~7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記二重鎖核酸の前記支持体への固定化は、該二重鎖核酸と抗原抗体反応する、支持体上に固定化された抗体又はその抗原結合性断片と前記二重鎖核酸とを抗原抗体反応させることにより行われる請求項9記載の方法。
- 捕捉プローブおよび濃度10mM以上の二価の金属カチオンを含む試薬を含む、核酸検出キット。
- 捕捉プローブを固定した支持体および濃度10mM以上の二価の金属カチオンを含む試薬を含む、核酸検出キット。
- 二価の金属カチオンを含む前記試薬が、該二価の金属カチオンと標識体とを含む請求項11又は12記載のキット。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN104271771A (zh) | 2015-01-07 |
CA2877236C (en) | 2021-03-09 |
US20150322483A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
CA2877236A1 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
JP6337470B2 (ja) | 2018-06-06 |
BR112014032072A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
EP2865764A1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
KR20150031219A (ko) | 2015-03-23 |
US10443085B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
EP2865764A4 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
EP2865764B1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
KR102062565B1 (ko) | 2020-01-06 |
JPWO2013191197A1 (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
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