WO2013103102A1 - ガラス筐体の成形装置及び成形方法 - Google Patents
ガラス筐体の成形装置及び成形方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013103102A1 WO2013103102A1 PCT/JP2012/083303 JP2012083303W WO2013103102A1 WO 2013103102 A1 WO2013103102 A1 WO 2013103102A1 JP 2012083303 W JP2012083303 W JP 2012083303W WO 2013103102 A1 WO2013103102 A1 WO 2013103102A1
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- Prior art keywords
- glass
- lower mold
- molding
- heating
- glass material
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
- C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
- C03B11/082—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses having profiled, patterned or microstructured surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/12—Cooling, heating, or insulating the plunger, the mould, or the glass-pressing machine; cooling or heating of the glass in the mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/12—Cooling, heating, or insulating the plunger, the mould, or the glass-pressing machine; cooling or heating of the glass in the mould
- C03B11/122—Heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/12—Cooling, heating, or insulating the plunger, the mould, or the glass-pressing machine; cooling or heating of the glass in the mould
- C03B11/125—Cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
- C03B2215/40—Product characteristics
- C03B2215/41—Profiled surfaces
- C03B2215/414—Arrays of products, e.g. lenses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
- C03B2215/60—Aligning press die axes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
- C03B2215/66—Means for providing special atmospheres, e.g. reduced pressure, inert gas, reducing gas, clean room
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
- C03B2215/80—Simultaneous pressing of multiple products; Multiple parallel moulds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a molding apparatus and a molding method capable of continuously producing a glass casing by press molding, and particularly suppresses the occurrence of shape defects when molding a plurality of glass casings by a single press molding.
- the present invention relates to a molding apparatus and a molding method.
- the mold In these press-molded product manufacturing equipment, during heat softening and pressing of the glass material, the mold is kept at a predetermined temperature to maintain a heating temperature sufficient to process the glass material. It is cooled and solidified, and finally cooled to a temperature of 200 ° C. or lower so that the mold is not oxidized. As described above, the shape of the molding die is accurately transferred to the glass material during pressing, and this is cooled and solidified to maintain the molding shape, thereby obtaining a press-molded product with high shape accuracy.
- the coefficient of thermal expansion differs between the glass to be molded and the mold, so the influence on the shape of the glass casing due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion is considered.
- the shrinkage on the glass side is particularly large when cooling, resulting in misalignment between the molding surface and the pressed glass, and the direction of shrinkage. Since it differs depending on the position of the molding surface, distortion may occur and the product may have a large variation, which may cause a problem in manufacturing with a high yield.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a molding apparatus and a molding method for a glass casing that efficiently produce body products with a high yield.
- the glass casing forming apparatus of the present invention sequentially conveys a plate-like glass material to each of the heating, pressing, and cooling stages provided in the chamber, and the press stage includes a plurality of upper molds.
- a glass casing molding apparatus capable of simultaneously molding a plurality of glass casings by press-molding the glass material with a molding unit comprising a mold unit and a lower mold unit having a plurality of lower molds
- the upper mold unit and The lower die unit holds the upper die and the lower die independently in each unit so as to be horizontally movable, and at the time of pressing, the upper die and the lower die are horizontally moved to form the upper die and the lower die.
- Alignment means for aligning the surface with a predetermined positional relationship is provided.
- the glass casing molding method of the present invention uses the above-described glass casing molding apparatus of the present invention to place the plate-shaped glass material on the lower mold unit, and to form the lower mold unit and the glass.
- a heating step of heating the material in a heating stage, and the heated and softened glass material are moved up and down at least one of pressing means composed of a pair of press plates in the press stage to form an upper mold unit and a lower mold unit.
- the glass casing molding apparatus and molding method of the present invention when molding a plurality of glass casings by a single press operation, the deformation of the surplus portion and the thermal expansion coefficient between the glass material and the mold The crack at the time of contraction due to the difference can be suppressed, which contributes to the improvement of the manufacturing yield of the glass casing and increases the productivity of the product.
- FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the upper mold unit and the lower mold unit of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the shaping
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a glass casing molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the molding apparatus of FIG. 2 shows only the lower plate of each stage, and shows the positional relationship of the plates in each stage.
- a glass casing molding apparatus 1 includes a chamber 2 serving as a molding chamber for molding a glass casing, a plate-shaped glass material 50 provided inside the chamber 2, and a glass material placed thereon.
- a heating stage 3 that heats the lower mold unit 12 to soften the glass material 50
- a press stage 4 that presses the heat-softened plate-like glass material 50
- a glass material that has been given a glass casing shape by pressing A cooling stage 5 for cooling.
- the chamber 2 which is a molding chamber, provides a place for molding the glass casing.
- the chamber 2 is provided with an inlet 6 for taking in the glass material 50 and the lower mold unit 12 and an outlet 7 for taking out the molded glass material 50 and the lower mold unit 12 after the press molding is completed.
- the intake port 6 and the extraction port 7 are respectively provided with an intake shutter 6a and an extraction shutter 7a. If necessary, these shutters can be opened and closed so that the lower mold unit 12 can be taken in and out of the chamber 2 and the atmosphere in the chamber 2 is maintained.
- the intake port 6 and the extraction port 7 are provided with mold mounting bases 8 and 9 on which the lower mold unit 12 can be mounted outside the chamber 2, respectively.
- a heating stage 3 Inside the chamber 2, a heating stage 3, a press stage 4 and a cooling stage 5 are provided for press-molding the glass casing, and the glass material is processed into a desired shape by sequentially processing each of these stages.
- the lower mold unit 12 on which the plate-like glass material 50 is placed is taken into the chamber 2 from the intake port 6 and sequentially moves while being subjected to predetermined processing in each of the above stages.
- the lower mold unit 12 is taken out of the chamber 2 through the take-out port 7.
- the inside of the chamber 2 is heated to a high temperature in order to soften the plate-shaped glass material 50 and facilitate deformation, so that the lower mold unit 12 and the upper mold unit 11 are not oxidized so as not to be oxidized.
- An active gas atmosphere is maintained.
- the inert gas atmosphere can be achieved by replacing the internal atmosphere with the chamber 2 as a sealed structure, but with the chamber 2 as a semi-closed structure, the inert gas is constantly supplied into the chamber 2 and the chamber is positively charged. While maintaining the pressure, an inert gas atmosphere may be maintained so that external air does not flow in.
- the intake shutter 6a and the extraction shutter 7a described above are effective for making the inside of the chamber 2 a semi-sealed state with a simple configuration.
- the chamber 2 and the shutters 6a and 7a are preferably made of a material such as stainless steel or alloy steel and do not deposit gas or impurities at a high temperature. It is also possible to further suppress the air inflow from the outside to the chamber 2 by making the outer periphery of the shutters 6 a and 7 a (including the mold mounting bases 8 and 9) a sealed structure.
- the mold used for press-molding the glass material 50 includes a plurality of upper mold units 11 having a plurality of upper molds for forming the upper casing shape and a plurality of lower molds for forming the lower casing shape. It is a set of mold units composed of the lower mold unit 12 having the mold unit.
- the upper die unit 11 is fixed on the press stage 4, and the lower die unit 12 moves on each stage with the glass material 50 placed thereon.
- the molding die unit used in the present invention has a plurality of pairs of corresponding upper and lower dies, and a plurality of glass casings can be molded by a single press operation. Further, each of the upper mold and the lower mold is arranged so as to be able to perform a minute movement in the horizontal direction.
- the heating stage 3 of the present invention has a heating plate 3b in which a heater 3a is embedded in order to soften the glass material 50 placed on the lower mold unit 12.
- the heating plate 3b heats the lower mold unit 12 by contacting the lower mold unit 12, and can also indirectly heat the glass material 50 placed on the lower mold unit 12.
- the heating stage 3 has a heater 3d for directly heating and softening the glass material 50.
- the heater include a heating element capable of radiation heating such as a cartridge heater, a ceramic heater, a SiC heater, and a carbon heater. These heaters may be configured to be embedded in, for example, a metal plate such as stainless steel or ambiloy or a glass tube such as quartz.
- the heating plate 3b is fixed to the bottom plate of the chamber 2 via the heat insulating plate 3c so that the heat of the plate itself is not transmitted to the chamber 2 as it is.
- the press stage 4 of the present invention has a pair of upper and lower press plates 4b.
- the press stage 4 includes a pair of upper and lower press plates 4b in which a heater 4a is embedded. The press using the press plate 4b is performed while maintaining the previous heating temperature.
- a cooling mechanism may be provided between the pair of upper and lower press plates and the heat insulating plate so that the cooling rate of the plate and the mold can be controlled (so that the cooling can be accelerated).
- the cooling means an air cooling system or a water cooling system can be used.
- the upper and lower press plates 4b are connected to the shaft 4d, and the shaft 4d allows the press plate 4b to move up and down by a cylinder (not shown).
- a cylinder not shown
- the distance between the upper mold unit 11 and the lower mold unit 12 is reduced to reduce the glass by the molding die.
- the material 50 can be pressed.
- pressing is performed at a predetermined pressure, and a glass casing shape can be imparted to the plate-shaped glass material with high accuracy.
- the upper and lower press plates 4b are connected to the shaft 4d via the heat insulating plate 4c so that the heat of the upper and lower press plates 4b is not directly transferred to the chamber 2.
- only one of the upper and lower press plates can be made movable and the other can be fixed to the chamber 2.
- the press plate 4b to be fixed is the same as the heating plate 3b. What is necessary is just to fix on the chamber 2 via the heat insulation board 4c so that heat may not be transmitted to the chamber 2 as it is.
- the cooling stage 5 of the present invention has a cooling plate 5b in which a heater 5a is embedded in order to cool and solidify the glass material 50 having a glass casing shape.
- the cooling plate 5b can cool the lower mold unit 12 by being brought into contact with the pressed lower mold unit 12, and can also indirectly cool the glass material 50 placed on the lower mold unit 12. Since there is a case where the upper part of the glass casing placed on the lower mold unit 12 on the cooling plate 5b is in an open state and the cooling rate becomes too fast, the heater 3d described in the heating stage is provided above the glass material 50.
- a cooling source can be controlled by providing a heating source.
- the cooling plate 5b is fixed to the bottom plate of the chamber 2 via the heat insulating plate 5c so as not to transfer the heat of the cooling plate 5b to the chamber as it is.
- the solidification of the plate-like glass material 50 can be achieved by cooling to a temperature below the glass transition point of the material, more preferably below the strain point.
- cooling refers to lowering the temperature until the plate-like glass material 50 is solidified so that the glass casing shape can be stably imparted.
- the temperature is only about 50 to 150 ° C. lower than that of the press plate and is still high, so the heater 5a is also embedded in the cooling plate 5b.
- the press plate 4b is fixed to the shaft 4d via the heat insulating plate as described above, and the shaft 4d is connected to the cylinder.
- the cylinder is only required to move up and down each plate.
- a cylinder such as an electric servo cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, and an electric hydraulic cylinder can be used.
- the above-described heating plate 3b, press plate 4b, and cooling plate 5b basically have a contact surface with the molding die parallel to the horizontal plane.
- the press plate 4b when the contact surface of the press plate 4b with the molding die unit is inclined, the molding surface positions of the upper die and the lower die do not coincide with each other, and the glass casing produced at this time has a poor shape. It may become. Therefore, the plate management and the positioning of the lower mold unit 12 in each stage are strictly performed.
- the plate is formed by inserting a cartridge heater into a material such as stainless steel, cemented carbide or alloy steel and fixing it.
- the cartridge heater can be heated to raise the temperature of the plate and maintain the desired temperature.
- the heat insulating plates 3c, 4c, 5c of each stage may be a known heat insulating plate such as ceramics, stainless steel, die steel, high speed steel (high speed steel), etc. Ceramics that are not easily deformed and are less likely to be displaced are preferred. When using a metal-based material, it is preferable that the surface is coated with CrN, TiN, or TiAlN.
- the heating stage 3, the press stage 4, and the cooling stage 5 described above form a place (stage) where predetermined processing is performed.
- the lower mold unit 12 is moved and mounted on each stage at a predetermined timing by a conveying means (not shown) so that the processing by each stage is performed smoothly. The timing of this movement is controlled by the control means.
- predetermined processing is sequentially performed while the lower mold unit 12 is transported and moved onto each plate in the order of the heating plate 3b, the press plate 4b, and the cooling plate 5b.
- the stage after processing is vacant, and if the lower mold unit 12 on which another plate-like glass material is placed is further conveyed there, the lower mold unit 12 is continuously transferred.
- a plurality of glass casings can be simultaneously molded.
- the transport means for performing this process is not shown, for example, a robot arm may be used.
- the mold stage 8 is moved from the heating stage 3 to the heating stage 3, the heating stage 3 to the press stage 4, the press stage 4 to the cooling stage 5, and the cooling stage 5 to the mold stage 9. Anything is possible.
- This control means also controls the temperature of the plate in each stage of heating, pressing, and cooling, the timing of vertical movement, etc., and a series of molding operations can be performed smoothly and continuously. So that it is controlled. At this time, the opening and closing of the take-in shutter 6a and the take-out shutter 7a are also controlled. Further, it is preferable to control the supply amount and timing of nitrogen so that the atmosphere in the chamber 2 is filled with an inert gas.
- the glass casing molding apparatus 1 is a glass casing molding apparatus that performs predetermined processing while raising and lowering the temperature at one or more positions.
- casing of this invention uses the shaping
- FIG. 3 is a plan view when the lower mold unit 12 used in FIG. 1 is placed on the press plate 4b
- FIG. 4 is a mold unit when viewed in the AA cross section of FIG. FIG.
- the lower mold unit 12 includes a plurality of lower molds 12a, and a lower mold support member 12b that holds the lower molds 12a independently and horizontally movable.
- the lower mold support member 12b has a structure in which a small chamber is provided in which a plurality of lower molds 12a are accommodated in a predetermined position.
- the small chamber has a function of restricting the movement of the lower mold 12a in the horizontal direction by the wall partitioning the small chamber, and the positional relationship with the upper mold is such that each lower mold 12a can only move within a certain range. Falls within a predetermined range.
- the lower mold unit 12 has an opening so as to open the molding surface of the lower mold 12a facing upward so as not to disturb the pressing operation. As shown in FIG. 4, the opening is formed by a wall 12e that defines the lower mold 12a.
- the upper portion of the wall 12e has a T-shaped cross section so that the lower mold 12a can be held in the small chamber. Yes.
- the lower mold support member 12b supports the lower mold 12a from below via the rolling member 12c.
- the rolling member 12c is preferably a spherical member having a uniform diameter.
- high carbon high chromium steel material called bearing steel, ceramics such as silicon nitride (SiN), silicon carbide (SiC), zirconia (ZrO), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), or tungsten carbide (
- SiN silicon nitride
- SiC silicon carbide
- ZrO zirconia
- Al 2 O 3 zirconia
- tungsten carbide A spherical member having a diameter of 0.1 mm to 5 mm formed of a material having a high hardness such as a cermet containing WC) or other metal is used.
- the rolling member 12c made of these materials is preferably configured using one of the above-described materials, but is made of different types of materials as long as the lower mold 12a can be maintained in a horizontally fixed state. You may mix and comprise multiple types.
- the rolling member 12c may have a cylindrical shape, a flat spherical shape, or the like.
- the rolling member 12c can be easily processed, the height (diameter) accuracy can be easily obtained, and can be easily rolled. From this point, a spherical shape is most preferable.
- a thin film may be formed on the contact surface between the lower mold 12a and the lower mold support member 12b with a material that reduces the friction coefficient and improves mutual sliding.
- examples of the material for the thin film include diamond-like carbon (DLC), amorphous SiC, SiC, and carbon nitride.
- the horizontal movement is possible in any direction of 360 degrees because the movement can be made in accordance with the shrinking direction of the glass. That is, the shrinkage of the glass is the least in the vicinity of the center of the glass material 50 (which is also the center part of the mold unit), and the shrinkage becomes longer toward the outer periphery of the glass material 50, and the center of the mold unit This is because the shrinking direction varies depending on the position of the molding surface, such that the tendency to shrink toward the surface increases.
- the lower mold 12a can be moved by a gap provided between the lower mold 12a and the wall 12e of the small chamber of the lower mold unit 12 that accommodates the lower mold 12a.
- the size of the gap is made larger than the shrinkage amount of the glass material 50 so that the lower mold 12a can sufficiently follow the shrinkage of the glass. If the follow-up is insufficient, unnecessary stress is applied to the glass, which may cause a shape defect.
- the upper mold unit 11 has a structure similar to that of the lower mold unit 12, and includes a plurality of upper molds 11a and an upper mold support member 11b that holds the upper mold 11a so as to be horizontally movable. Has been. Since the upper mold unit 11 is arranged so that the molding surfaces of the upper mold 11a and the lower mold 12a face each other, the opening is directed downward and is accommodated in the inside thereof, contrary to the lower mold unit 12. The molding surface of the upper mold 11a is also supported so as to face downward. That is, the upper mold unit 11 is used just as the lower mold unit 12 is turned upside down.
- the upper mold support member 11b has a configuration in which small chambers are provided in which a plurality of upper molds 11a are accommodated in a predetermined position.
- the small chamber has a function of restricting the movement of the upper mold 11a in the horizontal direction by the wall partitioning the small chamber, and the position of the upper mold 11a can only move within a certain range. The relationship falls within a predetermined range.
- the upper die unit 11 has an opening so as to open the molding surface of the upper die 11a so as not to disturb the pressing operation. As shown in FIG. 4, the opening is formed by a wall 11e that partitions the upper mold 11a, and the lower part of the wall 11e has a T-shaped cross section so that the upper mold 11a can be held in the small chamber. Yes. With this shape, the upper mold 11a can be held in the small chamber so as not to fall.
- the upper mold support member 11b supports the outer periphery of the upper mold 11a from below via the rolling member 11c.
- the rolling member 11 c is the same as the rolling member used in the lower mold unit 12.
- assigns the molding surface below let a support position be the outer peripheral part which does not overlap with a molding surface so that shaping
- the upper mold unit 11a and the lower mold unit 12a accommodated in the upper mold unit 11 and the lower mold unit 12 have a concave portion for alignment on one side so that the corresponding molding surfaces are aligned with each other. Is provided with a convex portion for alignment. 3 and 4, the upper mold 11 a is provided with an alignment protrusion 11 d and the lower mold 12 a is provided with an alignment recess 12 d. However, the unevenness may be provided in reverse.
- the positioning concave portion 12d and the convex portion 11d are for matching the molding surfaces of the mutual, and are provided at corresponding positions. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, two each are provided on the outer side of both sides facing the rectangular molding surface.
- the position which provides a recessed part and a convex part is not restricted to this, What kind of arrangement
- the concave portion 12d and the convex portion 11d are fitted before the glass material 50 is pressed so that the upper die 11a and the lower die 12a
- the position of the molding surface is a predetermined arrangement.
- the opening on the convex portion 11d insertion side of the concave portion 12d is provided with an inclination so that it becomes narrower as the insertion is performed. It is preferable to provide a slope.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which the recess 12d is provided as a through hole in the lower mold 12a.
- the present invention is not limited to this. .
- it may be formed as a hole not penetrating the lower mold 12a, or a concave portion is provided in the lower mold support member 12b for further sufficient alignment, and a convex section for alignment of the upper mold 11a. 11d may be provided long enough.
- the rolling member 12c removes the passage part so that insertion of the convex part 11d may not be prevented. It is preferable to spread the floor.
- the molding die composed of the upper die 11a and the lower die 12a is made of a material such as cemented carbide, ceramics, stainless steel, or carbon.
- the upper mold 11a and the lower mold 12a each have a molding surface for transferring the surface shape of the glass casing to be molded, and the shape of the molding surface is particularly limited as long as it can be used as a product casing.
- As the shape of the housing a shape having a free curved surface is particularly preferable, and the obtained housing is preferably an axially asymmetric shape. According to the conventional manufacturing by polishing or the like, it has been difficult or expensive to manufacture a housing having such a complicated shape. However, in the present invention, it is easy and low cost by press molding. Can be manufactured.
- the upper mold support member 11b and the lower mold support member 12b are also made of a material such as cemented carbide, ceramics, stainless steel, or carbon.
- the lower mold unit 12 is placed on the mold placing table 8 on the intake 6 side, and the plate-shaped glass material 50 is placed on the upper part of the lower mold unit 12.
- the intake shutter 6a is opened to open the intake port, and the lower mold unit 12 is conveyed onto the heating plate 3b by the conveying means.
- the lower mold unit 12 is heated to the same temperature as the heating plate 3b because it contacts the lower heating plate 3b.
- a heater 3d is disposed above the lower mold unit 12 conveyed on the heating stage, and the glass material 50 placed on the lower mold unit 12 is heated by radiation heating with the heater 3d.
- the temperature of the heating plate 3b is a temperature range in which the lower mold unit 12 can be heated from the glass transition point to the softening point of the glass material 50
- the temperature of the heater 3d is a temperature at which the glass material 50 can be heated from the yield point to the melting temperature range.
- the lower mold unit 12 and the plate-shaped glass material 50 that are sufficiently heated in this manner in the heating stage 3 are conveyed and placed on the lower press plate 4b by the conveying means. At this time, the press plate 4b is also heated to the same temperature as the heating plate 3b, and can be pressed immediately.
- the convex portion 11d for alignment of the upper die 11a is inserted into the concave portion 12d of the lower die 12a.
- the convex portion 11d and the concave portion 12d are roughly aligned when they are placed on the press plate, but there are not a few cases where they are displaced.
- the opening of the recess 12d is a tapered opening, the position can be adjusted even if there is a slight shift.
- the convex portion 11d is further inserted, the convex portion 11d and the concave portion 12d are fitted, and the positions of the molding surfaces can be accurately matched, and the shape accuracy in each molding die Is increased.
- the distance between the upper mold unit 11 and the lower mold unit 12 is reduced, and the plate-like glass material 50 placed on the upper part of the lower mold unit 12 is deformed by applying pressure with the upper mold 11a and the lower mold 12a.
- pressing is performed by bringing the upper mold unit 11 and the lower mold unit 12 close to each other and applying pressure from above and below the glass material 50 as described above.
- the molding surface shapes of the upper mold 11a and the lower mold 12a are transferred to the plate-shaped glass material 50, and a plurality of glass casing shapes are imparted at once.
- a through-hole is formed in the glass raw material 50 so that alignment of a molding surface may not be prevented.
- the glass material 50 is provided with a through-hole, it is necessary to form it with a margin in size so that the alignment convex portion 11d does not touch even if it moves horizontally.
- the temperature of the upper die 11a and the lower die 12a is between the glass transition point and the yield point, and the temperature of the glass material 50 softened by radiant heating is about the softening point.
- the pressure applied to the plate-shaped glass material at the time of pressing is preferably 0.01 kN / mm 2 to 2 kN / mm 2, and is appropriately determined in consideration of the thickness of the glass material, the shape of the glass material, the amount of deformation, and the like.
- the upper and lower press plates 4b are arranged so that the molded glass material 50 is released from the upper die unit 11.
- the temperature of the upper mold unit 11 and the lower mold unit 12 is lowered by reducing the temperature and transferring heat.
- the temperature of the press plate 4b can be changed by the heater 4a, and after pressing, to release the glass material 50 from the upper mold unit 11, the temperature of the press plate 4b is lowered below the yield point of the used glass material 50.
- the temperature of the upper mold 11a is also lowered to the same extent. Due to the decrease in temperature, the mold is released mainly by utilizing the difference in shrinkage between the upper mold 11a and the glass material 50. Further, a mechanism for forcibly releasing the mold may be provided on the upper mold unit 11 side to release the mold.
- the released glass material 50 is placed again on the lower mold unit 12, and is conveyed from the press plate 4b to the cooling plate 5b by the conveying means together with the lower mold unit 12.
- This transport means is the same as the transport means described above.
- the lower mold unit 12 is cooled by the cooling plate 5b, which is cooled by bringing the lower mold unit 12 into contact with the lower cooling plate 5b in the same manner as the above heating step.
- the glass material 50 that has been pressed to increase the contact area with the molding surface of the lower mold unit 12 is cooled together with the lower mold unit 12.
- the shrinkage amount of the glass material 50 is the largest.
- the plurality of lower molds 12a included in the lower mold unit 12 used in the present invention can move independently independently, The lower mold 12a is cooled while moving following the contraction.
- the take-out shutter 7a is opened from the chamber 2 and the take-out port 7 is opened.
- the lower mold unit 12 is taken out of the apparatus by the conveying means, and the mold placing table on the take-out port 7 side. 9 is placed.
- the cooling is preferably performed to a temperature below the glass transition point (Tg) of the plate-like glass material, and more preferably to a temperature below the strain point of the plate-shaped glass material.
- the temperature lowering rate is preferably about 5 to 150 ° C./min.
- the glass material 50 is formed into a glass casing shape through a series of operations including heating, pressing, and cooling processes.
- the present invention includes a plurality of forming dies. It is characterized in that it can be moved horizontally independently. Thereby, alignment is easy at the time of pressing, and at the time of cooling, the stress applied to the glass material is reduced following the contraction of the glass material, and the occurrence of shape defects such as cracks in the glass housing can be suppressed.
- the temperature step by step it is preferable to change the temperature step by step, and by providing one or more heating stages in the heating step, the temperature of the plate-shaped glass material is increased step by step. In the heating stage immediately before the press stage, it is heated to the molding temperature. Also, in the cooling process, by providing one or more cooling stages, the temperature of the plate-like glass material is lowered stepwise to a temperature of 200 ° C. or lower.
- the rapid temperature change of a plate-shaped glass raw material can be suppressed by performing heating and cooling in steps. By suppressing this temperature change, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the characteristics of the glass casing, such as suppressing cracking and distortion.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a glass casing forming apparatus having a plurality of heating stages and cooling stages in order to perform such a heating process and a cooling process.
- the glass casing forming apparatus 21 shown in FIG. 5 includes a chamber 22, a first heating stage 23, a second heating stage 24, a third heating stage 25, a press stage 26, a first cooling stage 27, The apparatus has a second cooling stage 28 and a third cooling stage 29.
- an intake port 30 of the lower mold unit 12 an intake shutter 30a capable of opening and closing the same, an extraction port 31 and an extraction shutter 31a capable of opening and closing the same, Mold mounting bases 32 and 33 are provided outside the intake port 30 and the extraction port 31.
- the glass casing forming apparatus 21 has the same configuration as that of the glass casing forming apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 except that three heating stages and three cooling stages are provided and heated and cooled in stages. .
- preliminary heating is performed in which a plate-like glass material is once heated to a temperature below the glass transition point, preferably about 50 to 200 ° C. lower than the glass transition point.
- the third heating stage 25 is heated to a temperature higher than the yield point of the glass, preferably about 5 to 150 ° C. higher than the softening point.
- the press stage 26 a glass casing shape is imparted by performing a molding operation using a molding die while maintaining the molding temperature. Then, the first cooling stage 27 cools to a temperature below the glass transition point of the molding material, preferably below the strain point, and the second cooling stage 28 further cools to a temperature at which the molding die at 200 ° C. or lower is not oxidized, In the 3rd cooling stage 29, it cools to room temperature.
- the third cooling stage can be efficiently cooled by using a water-cooling plate provided with piping so that cooling water circulates instead of the heater in the other stage.
- the glass material obtained by cooling has a plurality of glass casing shapes aligned and transferred, and in order to obtain individual glass casing shapes, the glass materials are subjected to a processing process such as cutting and polishing to obtain a final shape. It is regarded as a product.
- a plurality of glass casings with high shape accuracy can be obtained by a single press molding by a simple operation called press molding by the glass casing molding apparatus and molding method of the present invention.
- Productivity can be improved, and the glass casing as the final product can be manufactured stably and at low cost.
- the apparatus for molding a glass casing of the present invention can be widely used when manufacturing a glass casing by press molding.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- 板状のガラス素材を、チャンバー内に設けた加熱、プレス及び冷却の各ステージへ順次搬送し、前記プレスステージにおいて、上型を複数個有する上型ユニット及び下型を複数個有する下型ユニットからなる成形型ユニットで前記ガラス素材をプレス成形して複数個のガラス筐体を同時成形可能なガラス筐体の成形装置において、
前記上型ユニット及び下型ユニットが、前記上型及び下型を各ユニット内で、それぞれ独立して水平移動可能に保持するとともに、プレス時に前記上型及び下型を水平移動させて対応する前記上型及び下型の成形面を所定の位置関係に合わせる位置合わせ手段を有することを特徴とするガラス筐体の成形装置。 - 前記成形装置は、前記加熱、プレス及び冷却の各ステージにおいて前記ガラス素材を載置した下型ユニットを搭載し、搭載された前記ガラス素材に対して、それぞれ加熱、プレス及び冷却の各プロセスを行う加熱手段、プレス手段及び冷却手段と、前記加熱、プレス及び冷却の各プロセスを制御する制御手段と、を備えるとともに、
前記プレス手段は、前記加熱手段から移送される前記下型ユニットをその上面に搭載する下プレスプレートと、その下面に前記上型ユニットが固定された上プレスプレートと、で構成される一対のプレスプレートである請求項1記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。 - 前記下型ユニットが、複数個の下型と、前記複数個の下型の成形面を上方に向け、前記下型の底面を下方から転動部材により支持する下型支持部材と、を有する請求項1又は2記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 前記上型ユニットが、複数個の上型と、前記複数個の上型の成形面を下方に向け、前記上型の外周を下方から転動部材により支持する上型支持部材と、を有する請求項3記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 前記位置合わせ手段が、前記上型及び下型のいずれか一方に設けられた凹部と、他方に設けられた前記凹部に嵌合する凸部と、からなる請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 前記凹部が、下型又は上型に貫通孔として設けられている請求項5記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 前記転動部材が、球状のSiN製である請求項3乃至6のいずれか1項記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 前記ガラス筐体が、自由曲面形状を有する成形品である請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 前記ガラス筐体が、軸非対称の形状である請求項8記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 前記加熱手段は、前記下型を伝熱により加熱する加熱プレートと前記ガラス素材を輻射により加熱するヒータとから構成される請求項2乃至9のいずれか1項記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 前記加熱手段は、前記加熱プレートの温度と前記ヒータの温度とを個別に管理する請求項10記載のガラス筐体の成形装置。
- 請求項1乃至11のいずれか1項記載のガラス筐体の成形装置を用い、前記下型ユニット上に前記板状のガラス素材を載置し、前記下型ユニット及びガラス素材を加熱ステージにおいて加熱する加熱工程と、
前記加熱され軟化したガラス素材を、前記プレスステージにおいて、一対のプレスプレートからなるプレス手段の少なくとも一方を上下動させて、上型ユニット及び下型ユニットに設けられた上型及び下型の成形面の位置合わせをした後、前記上型及び下型で加圧して成形面形状を転写するプレス工程と、
プレス工程後、前記下型ユニット及び成形面形状が転写されたガラス素材を、前記冷却ステージにおいて冷却し、前記ガラス素材の収縮に合わせて前記下型を水平移動させる冷却工程と、
を有することを特徴とするガラス筐体の成形方法。 - 前記加熱工程において、前記下型を前記ガラス素材のガラス転移点から軟化点までの温度範囲に、前記ガラス素材を屈伏点から融点の温度範囲に個別に加熱制御する請求項12記載のガラス筐体の成形方法。
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