WO2013061522A1 - 多軸ロボット - Google Patents
多軸ロボット Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013061522A1 WO2013061522A1 PCT/JP2012/006431 JP2012006431W WO2013061522A1 WO 2013061522 A1 WO2013061522 A1 WO 2013061522A1 JP 2012006431 W JP2012006431 W JP 2012006431W WO 2013061522 A1 WO2013061522 A1 WO 2013061522A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- guide tube
- base
- support member
- passage
- tube
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/0025—Means for supplying energy to the end effector
- B25J19/0029—Means for supplying energy to the end effector arranged within the different robot elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/0025—Means for supplying energy to the end effector
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/0075—Means for protecting the manipulator from its environment or vice versa
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/0075—Means for protecting the manipulator from its environment or vice versa
- B25J19/0079—Means for protecting the manipulator from its environment or vice versa using an internal pressure system
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J11/00—Manipulators not otherwise provided for
- B25J11/0075—Manipulators for painting or coating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L3/00—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets
- F16L3/01—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets for supporting or guiding the pipes, cables or protective tubing, between relatively movable points, e.g. movable channels
- F16L3/015—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets for supporting or guiding the pipes, cables or protective tubing, between relatively movable points, e.g. movable channels using articulated- or supple-guiding elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20207—Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
- Y10T74/20305—Robotic arm
- Y10T74/20311—Robotic arm including power cable or connector
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an industrial multi-axis robot, and more particularly to a multi-axis robot for workpiece painting.
- a multi-axis robot described in Patent Document 1 for painting a workpiece This includes a base, a swiveling body provided on the base so as to be rotatable around a central axis of the base, an arm attached rotatably in a plane perpendicular to the swiveling body,
- the swivel body, arm, and paint gun are each rotated by a dedicated motor.
- Extending from the base is a flexible elongated body that is connected to the paint gun through the swivel body and the arm.
- the flexible elongate body includes a cable that supplies power to each motor and a tube that conveys paint to a coating gun.
- the flexible elongated body is inserted through the base so as to extend along the central axis of the base.
- the flexible long body extends along the central axis of the base, and the revolving body rotates around the central axis of the base. For this reason, it is not necessary to consider the extension of the flexible long body due to the rotation of the revolving body.
- the multi-axis robot can be used in various ways of painting. For example, when the flexible elongated body is inserted into the base from a direction substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the base, the flexibility due to the rotation of the revolving body provided on the base There is a need for a configuration that accommodates the elongation of elongated bodies.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to realize a compact configuration that can cope with the expansion of the linear body due to the rotation of the rotating body provided on the base. To provide an axis robot.
- the multi-axis robot of the present invention is a hollow base, and a hollow support member provided on the base so as to be rotatable about its axis, and constituting a base end portion of the arm, Provided in the support member, rotated together with the support member, one end portion is rotatably inserted into the base, and the internal space communicates with the internal space of the support member and the internal space of the base; A guide tube inserted along the longitudinal direction of the first striate body, and the center of rotation of the guide tube and the center of the first striate body are off.
- the first linear member extends from the radially outer side of the guide tube to the notch so as to form a bent portion around the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube in a plane parallel to the rotation direction of the guide tube. , Extending from the notch through the inside of the guide tube to the internal space of the support member.
- the first linear member extends so as to form a bent portion around the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube in a plane parallel to the rotation direction of the guide tube, and then the notch of the guide tube. Pass through. That is, since the first linear body is bent in a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis direction of the support member, the length of the bent portion along the rotation axis direction of the support member can be shortened. . Further, since the bent portion reaches the notch, the bent portion is provided between both end portions of the guide tube. Thereby, the length of the base along the rotation axis direction of the support member can also be shortened.
- the diameter of the guide tube is reduced in accordance with the diameter of the first linear body, the amount of bending of the bent portion can be reduced. Thereby, the whole length of the 1st filament can also be shortened.
- the first striate body is twisted in the guide tube, while the rotation center of the guide tube and the center of the first striate body are deviated from each other. The part is deformed. That is, the damage that the rotation of the support member gives to the first striate body due to both the twist of the first striate body in the guide tube and the deformation of the bent portion of the first striate body around the guide tube, specifically Can effectively absorb the twist and tension of the first striatum.
- the notch of the guide tube has a guide hole that can swing around the guide tube and through which the first linear body is inserted in a direction orthogonal to the axis.
- a guide member is provided, The first linear body is introduced into the guide tube from the outside in the radial direction of the guide tube through the guide hole and the notch.
- the guide member can swing in the same plane as the plane in which the bent portion is located in a state where the first filament is inserted into the guide hole.
- the guide member can be swung in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the first striatum, and the behavior of the first striatum can be stabilized.
- stabilizing the behavior of the first striated body it is possible to prevent the first striated body from being inadvertently rubbed in the base and to extend the life of the first striated body.
- the first striate body is constituted by a bundle of a plurality of striatum bodies, it is possible to prevent the bundle of striate bodies from being scattered.
- the guide tube is partitioned into a first passage and a second passage extending in the axial direction of the guide tube by a partition, One end of the first passage is closed, and the first passage communicates with the internal space of the base through the notch at the one end and communicates with the internal space of the support member at the other end. Both ends of the second passage communicate with an external space connected to the opening of the support member and an external space connected to the opening of the base.
- the first linear body is for energization, and is inserted into the first passage, A second linear body extends from the opening of the base through the second passage to the outside of the support member.
- two of the first striate body and the second striatum body can be passed through the guide tube in parallel, so that the first striatum body and the second striatum body Can be stored compactly without separation.
- the base, the first passage of the guide tube, and the internal space constituting the support member are sealed airtight chambers.
- the air outside the base and the support member does not enter the internal space of the base and the support member. Therefore, the danger by the 1st wire body for electricity supply touching the combustible gas outside a base and a supporting member can be avoided.
- the first linear body can shorten the length of the bent portion along the rotation axis direction of the support member, and the booth where the multi-axis robot is installed can be reduced in size.
- both the twist of the first striate body in the guide tube and the deformation of the bent portion of the first striate body around the guide tube are twisted and pulled by the rotation of the support member. Can be absorbed reliably. Further, the rotation range of the support member can be expanded.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration around a rotation axis of a base and a support member in FIG. 1. It is front view sectional drawing of a guide tube. It is a perspective view of a guide tube, and shows the state where a motor cable and a tube were inserted.
- 6 (a) to 6 (d) are diagrams showing the behavior of the motor cable accompanying rotation about the rotation axis of the support member.
- a multi-axis robot 1 is an industrial robot used for painting work on a workpiece, for example.
- the multi-axis robot 1 is not particularly limited as long as it includes a linear body.
- the multi-axis robot 1 includes a base 2, and the base 2 is provided on a turntable 70 provided orthogonal to the wall surface 7, for example.
- a support member 3 a first link 10, a second link 11, a first hand 12, a second hand 13 and a coating gun 14 as an attachment are connected to the base 2 in this order.
- the direction from the wall surface 7 toward the coating gun 14 is the front, and the opposite direction is the rear.
- Eight elements from the turntable 70 to the painting gun 14 constitute an arm of the multi-axis robot 1 and are connected to each other so as to be rotatable. That is, the support member 3 can rotate around the rotation axis A1 of the first joint JT1 that is a connection portion with the base 2, and the first link 10 is connected to the second joint JT2 that is a connection portion with the support member 3. It can rotate around the rotation axis A2.
- the second link 11 is rotatable around the rotation axis A3 of the third joint JT3 that is a connecting portion with the first link 10, and the first hand 12 is a fourth joint that is a connecting portion with the second link 11.
- the second hand 13 can rotate around the rotation axis A5 of the fifth joint JT5 which is a connecting portion with the first hand 12.
- the coating gun 14 is rotatable around the rotation axis A6 of the sixth joint JT6 that is a connecting portion with the second hand 13.
- the base 2 is rotatable around the rotation axis A7 of the seventh joint JT7 which is a connecting portion with the turntable 70.
- the base 2 and the support member 3 constitute the base end portion of the arm of the multi-axis robot 1.
- Each of the joints JT1 to JT7 is provided with a servo motor (not shown) that can rotate independently.
- a servo motor (not shown) that can rotate independently.
- rotation of each element corresponding to the servo motor around the rotation axes A1 to A7 is allowed.
- Each servo motor rotates each element around the rotation axes A1 to A7 independently of each other, whereby the coating gun 14 can be moved to an arbitrary position along an arbitrary moving path in an arbitrary posture.
- the multi-axis robot 1 is wired with a motor cable 5 for energizing each servo motor of the multi-axis robot 1 and a tube 6 for supplying paint.
- the motor cable 5 and the tube 6 are made of a flexible material and allow some twisting.
- the motor cable 5 is an example of the 1st linear body in this invention
- the tube 6 is an example of the 2nd linear body in this invention.
- both wire bodies are not limited to the motor cable 5 and the tube 6.
- the paint sprayed from the paint gun 14 is flammable and volatile.
- the entire multi-axis robot 1 is accommodated in the painting booth 75 in order to prevent the diffusion of volatile components.
- FIG. 1 shows a wiring state of the motor cable 5.
- the motor cable 5 is configured, for example, by covering a bundle of electric wires with a sheet of flexible resin.
- the motor cable 5 exits from the wall surface 7 and enters the turntable 70 from the lower side of the turntable 70.
- One electric wire is connected to the servo motor of the seventh joint JT7 in the turntable 70.
- the motor cable 5 is inserted into the base 2, and the corresponding electric wire is connected to the servo motor of the first joint JT1, and the corresponding electric wire in the support member 3 is connected to the servo motor of the second joint JT2. Thereafter, the motor cable 5 passes through the first link 10, the second link 11, the first hand 12, and the second hand 13, and the corresponding electric wires are connected to the servo motors of the joints JT3 to JT6.
- a passage through which the motor cable 5 is inserted is formed from the turntable 70 to the second hand 13.
- the inside of the passage is a sealed airtight chamber and is maintained at a higher pressure than the outside of the multi-axis robot 1.
- a pump (not shown) that supplies air or an inert gas to the passage is provided at a predetermined location from the turntable 70 to the second hand 13.
- the passage is maintained at a high pressure because the coating booth 75 is in an atmosphere containing flammable and volatile components, so that air in the atmosphere enters the multi-axis robot 1 and touches the motor cable 5. It is for preventing. That is, if air containing flammable and volatile components touches the motor cable 5 that is energized, there is a danger of flammability, which prevents such danger.
- FIG. 2 shows a wiring state of the tube 6 that supplies the paint to the paint gun 14 of the multi-axis robot 1.
- the tube 6 is formed by covering a bundle of a large number of flexible thin tubes (not shown) with, for example, a flexible sheet, and volatile paints of different colors flow through the thin tubes.
- a substantially L-shaped protective cover 71 through which the tube 6 passes is provided above the multi-axis robot 1 on the wall surface 7, and the lower end of the protective cover 71 is positioned forward of the rear end portion of the base 2.
- the tube 6 extending from the lower end portion of the protective cover 71 through the wall surface 7 extends downwardly away from the wall surface 7 and is inserted with the base 2 facing forward from the rear end portion.
- the tube 6 is bent from the lower end of the protective cover 71 to the rear end portion of the base 2. Thereby, even if eight elements from the turntable 70 to the coating gun 14 rotate, the tube 6 is prevented from being tensioned. Further, the base 2 rotates in a horizontal plane around the seventh joint JT7 which is a connecting portion with the turntable 70. However, since the tube 6 is formed from a flexible material, it absorbs some twists.
- the motor cable 5 through which the current flows and the tube 6 have a long distance. Therefore, if the tube 6 is disposed outside the multi-axis robot 1, this point is not a problem. However, when the tube 6 freely moves outside the multi-axis robot 1 in accordance with the rotation of each element of the coating gun 14 from the base 2, for example, the tube 6 contacts the workpiece to be painted or contacts the wall surface 7. There is a fear. When the tube 6 comes into contact with the workpiece, the paint applied to the workpiece adheres to the tube 6 and causes a problem in coating quality.
- a coating device 18 that pressurizes the base 2 or the second link 11 to spray the paint is selectively disposed as indicated by a one-dot chain line.
- a color conversion valve CCV, color change valve
- the work to be painted by the painting gun 14 is assumed to be, for example, a door of an automobile, and the painting equipment 18 arranged on the base 2 is mainly for painting the inside of the door, and the painting equipment 18 arranged on the second link 11 Is mainly for the exterior coating of the door. This will be described later.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a configuration around the rotation axis A1 of the base 2 and the support member 3 of FIG. 1, and the base 2 and the support member 3 are shown upside down in FIG.
- the base 2 and the support member 3 are both hollow, and a rotating body 30 rotated by the servo motor is provided between the base 2 and the support member 3 as indicated by a one-dot chain line.
- the support member 3 is attached to the rotating body 30 and rotates together with the rotating body 30.
- the internal passage of the base 2 and the internal passage of the support member 3 are communicated with each other by a guide tube 4 passing through the rotating body 30, and one end portion of the guide tube 4 is attached to the support member 3.
- the guide tube 4 rotates coaxially with the rotation axis A1 with its longitudinal direction parallel to the rotation axis A1.
- the guide tube 4 may not be coaxial with the support member 3.
- the base 2 is provided with a front wall 20 facing the support member 3 and a rear wall 21 facing the front wall 20, and the other end of the guide tube 4 passes through the front wall 20 and the rear wall 21. Openings 22 and 22 are respectively opened.
- a bearing 23 or an oil seal for receiving the guide tube 4 is provided on the inner periphery of the openings 22 and 22 to support the smooth rotation of the guide tube 4 while maintaining the internal space of the base 2 and the support member 3 at a high pressure. ing.
- the motor cable 5 is inserted along the longitudinal direction of the guide tube 4, and the other end of the guide tube 4 is located in the internal passage of the base 2.
- a notch 43 through which the motor cable 5 passes is formed at the other end of the guide tube 4.
- FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of the guide tube 4.
- the inner space of the guide tube 4 is divided into two passages extending in the axial direction in parallel with each other, that is, a first passage 41 and a second passage 42 by a partition wall 40 arranged in the inner space.
- the guide tube 4 is a composite tube having two passages extending in the axial direction.
- the rear end surface of the first passage 41 is closed by a rear plate 47, and the front end surface of the first passage 41 is opened to communicate with the internal space of the support member 3.
- the rear end surface of the second passage 42 is open and communicates with the external space on the rear side of the base 2.
- the front end surface of the second passage 42 is open and communicates with the external space through an opening 3 a (see FIG.
- the first passage 41 constitutes a part of an airtight passage through which the motor cable 5 is inserted and is maintained at a high pressure
- the second passage 42 is opened to the external space of the multi-axis robot 1.
- the motor cable 5 introduced from the notch 43 is inserted into the first passage 41, and the tube 6 is inserted into the second passage 42.
- the motor cable 5 is isolated from the tube 6 by the partition wall 40 to prevent contact with each other. This prevents danger such as ignition to the tube 6.
- the behavior of the motor cable 5 and the tube 6 is suppressed by one guide tube 4, and the structure for suppressing the behavior is simplified. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the center of the motor cable 5 and the center of rotation of the guide tube 4 are shifted in the radial direction of the guide tube 4. Accordingly, the motor cable 5 is twisted by the rotation of the guide tube 4.
- the notch 43 is formed on the peripheral surface of the guide tube 4 on the first passage 41 side.
- a projecting piece 44 projects from the partition wall 40 in the notch 43 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the guide tube 4.
- a support rod 45 is provided on the projecting piece 44 so as to be rotatable about a pivot 46.
- the support bar 45 is freely rotatable by a bearing (not shown) in the protruding piece 44, for example.
- An annular guide member 8 provided with a guide hole 80 at the center is attached to the distal end portion of the support bar 45, and the motor cable 5 is inserted and fitted into the guide hole 80. That is, the guide member 8 can freely rotate independently of the guide tube 4.
- the guide member 8 is made of, for example, a material having a small friction with the motor cable 5. Thereby, the motor cable 5 can slide smoothly in the guide member 8. Further, since the support bar 45 rotates in the plane including the rotation direction of the guide tube 4, the guide member 8 also rotates in the same plane.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the guide tube 4 and shows a state where the motor cable 5 and the tube 6 are inserted.
- the motor cable 5 forms a substantially arc-shaped bent portion 50 around the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube 4 in a plane including the rotation direction of the guide tube 4 from the outside of the guide tube 4 in the base 2. Extending from there to a notch 43.
- the motor cable 5 is guided in the guide hole 80 of the guide member 8 in the notch 43, changes its direction in a direction substantially perpendicular to the bent portion 50, and passes through the first passage 41 of the guide tube 4.
- the end face opening of the support member 3 is exited and reaches the internal space of the support member 3.
- the motor cable 5 reaches the internal space of the support member 3 from the internal space of the base 2 through the guide tube 4, and both internal spaces are at a higher pressure than the outside of the multi-axis robot 1. Air does not touch the motor cable 5.
- the motor cable 5 in the guide tube 4 is twisted with the rotation of the guide tube 4 and the bending portion 50 of the motor cable 5 around the guide tube 4 is deformed, so that the support member 3 rotates. Absorbs twisting and pulling of the motor cable 5.
- the tube 6 is inserted into the second passage 42 from the end face opening of the guide tube 4, and is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the support member 3 through the end face (front end face) of the guide tube 4 on the support member 3 side. It reaches the external space through the opening 3a.
- FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (d) 6A to 6D are views showing the behavior of the motor cable 5 accompanying the rotation of the support member 3 about the rotation axis A1, and FIG. 3 is viewed from the B1 direction.
- the tube 6 is not shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (d).
- FIG. 6A shows a reference state of the support member 3 and the guide tube 4, and the rotation angle in this reference state is 0 °.
- the support member 3 and the guide tube 4 rotate, for example, within an angle range of ⁇ 120 ° from the reference state.
- this angle range is not limited to this range of ⁇ 120 °.
- FIG. 6B shows a state in which the support member 3 and the guide tube 4 are rotated by + 120 °, that is, counterclockwise from the reference state of FIG.
- the guide member 8 also rotates about the rotation axis A1 to guide the motor cable 5.
- the bending portion 50 of the motor cable 5 is bent so that the bulging portion is deformed inward. As described above, the motor cable 5 in the guide tube 4 is twisted with the rotation of the guide tube 4.
- the guide member 8 can be rotated independently of the guide tube 4 around the pivot 46 (see FIG. 4), the guide member 8 is rotated and oriented in accordance with the deformation of the flexible portion 50 of the motor cable 5.
- the behavior of the motor cable 5 can be stabilized. That is, when the guide member 8 is not provided, the behavior of the motor cable 5 due to the rotation of the support member 3 and the guide tube 4 is not particularly restricted and is not constant (unstable).
- the behavior of the cable 5 is regulated by the guide member 8.
- the guide member 8 is freely rotated in a plane parallel to the rotation direction of the support member 3 and the guide tube 4, the regulation is performed within a limit in which the motor cable 5 is appropriately twisted and the bent portion 50 is appropriately deformed. Is done.
- the behavior of the motor cable 5 can be stabilized.
- the motor cable 5 can be prevented from being carelessly rubbed in the base 2, and the life of the motor cable 5 can be extended.
- the motor cable 5 is configured by a bundle of a plurality of cables, it is possible to prevent the bundle of cables from being scattered.
- the angle ⁇ 1 formed by the motor cable 5 and the partition wall 40 entering the guide tube 4 from the notch 43 in the vertical plane including the rotation direction of the guide tube 4 is the application. It was 45 ° by human measurement.
- FIG. 6 (c) shows a state where the guide tube 4 is rotated by ⁇ 75 ° from the state shown in FIG. 6 (b), that is, a state where the guide tube 4 is rotated by + 45 ° from the reference state shown in FIG. 6 (a).
- the shape of the bent portion 50 of the motor cable 5 is only slightly changed.
- the angle ⁇ 2 formed by the motor cable 5 and the partition wall 40 entering the guide tube 4 from the notch 43 in the vertical plane including the rotation direction of the guide tube 4 was 110 ° as measured by the applicant. . That is, when the guide tube 4 is rotated by ⁇ 75 ° from the state shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6D shows a state in which the guide tube 4 is further rotated by ⁇ 90 ° from the state shown in FIG. 6C, that is, the guide tube 4 has been rotated by ⁇ 45 ° from the reference state shown in FIG. Indicates the state.
- the angle ⁇ 3 formed by the motor cable 5 entering the guide tube 4 from the notch 43 and the partition wall 40 in the vertical plane including the rotation direction of the guide tube 4 was 85 ° as measured by the applicant. . That is, when the guide tube 4 is rotated by ⁇ 90 ° from the state shown in FIG. 6C, the difference of 25 ° which is the difference between the angle ⁇ 3 and the angle ⁇ 2 is absorbed by the motor cable 5 being twisted in the guide tube 4. The applicant's experiment revealed that the remaining 65 ° was absorbed by the deformation of the bent portion 50.
- the motor cable 5 in the guide tube 4 is twisted with the rotation of the guide tube 4, and the bending portion 50 of the motor cable 5 around the guide tube 4 is deformed, so that the motor by the rotation of the support member 3 is deformed. It absorbs twisting and pulling of the cable 5. If the motor cable 5 in the guide tube 4 is not twisted, all of the pulling and twisting of the motor cable 5 must be absorbed by the bent portion 50 around the guide tube 4, and the bent portion 50 is bent. The amount increases. When the motor cable 5 is twisted in the guide tube 4 and the bending portion 50 of the motor cable 5 around the guide tube 4 is deformed, the bending amount of the bending portion 50 of the motor cable 5 can be reduced.
- the multi-axis robot 1 further exhibits the following effects.
- the energizing motor cable 5 extends so as to form a bent portion 50 around the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube 4 in a plane parallel to the rotation direction of the guide tube 4, and then the notch 43 of the guide tube 4 is formed. Pass through. That is, since the motor cable 5 is bent in a plane substantially orthogonal to the insertion direction to the guide tube 4, the length of the bent portion 50 along the cable insertion direction to the guide tube 4 can be shortened. . Moreover, since the bending part 50 reaches the notch 43, the bending part 50 is provided between the both ends of a guide tube.
- the length of the base 2 in the direction of cable insertion into the guide tube 4 can also be shortened, and as a result, the painting booth 75 in which the multi-axis robot 1 is installed can be made smaller.
- the larger the painting booth 75 the higher the maintenance cost. Therefore, the maintenance cost of the painting booth 75 can be suppressed by the multi-axis robot 1 according to the present embodiment. 2. Since the motor cable 5 and the tube 6 can be passed through the guide tube 4 in parallel, the motor cable 5 and the tube 6 do not behave separately and can be stored compactly. . Further, since the tube 6 passes through the guide tube 4, inadvertent behavior of the tube 6 is restricted. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the coating quality of the workpiece from being adversely affected by the careless behavior of the tube 6.
- the work to be painted by the painting gun 14 is, for example, an automobile door.
- the inside of the door hereinafter referred to as “inner plate”
- the outside of the door hereinafter referred to as “inner plate”.
- skin is selectively painted.
- the reason why the painting device 18 is selectively disposed on either the base 2 or the second link 11 will be described below.
- the painting device 18 may come into contact with the door or the vehicle body and be damaged. is there.
- the coating device 18 is provided on the base 2, and the coating device 18 is arranged away from the door.
- the outer plate is to be painted, there is room in the size of the space where the coating gun 14 is provided, and even if the coating device 18 is provided on the second link 11 close to the coating gun 14, the coating device 18 is There is no risk of contact with the door or the vehicle body.
- the coating device 18 is disposed on the second link 11 when the outer plate is to be painted from the viewpoint of cost reduction.
- the base 2 is placed on the turntable 70.
- the base 2 may be fixedly installed on a shelf (not shown) extending substantially perpendicularly from the wall surface 7 to the wall surface 7 instead of the turntable 70.
- the motor cable 5 does not need to pass through the shelf and may be connected to the base 2 from the wall surface 7.
- a wall-like bracket 78 may be provided on the floor surface 77
- the base 2 may be provided on the side surface of the bracket 78
- the multi-axis robot 1 may be provided vertically.
- the base 2 may be directly attached to the wall surface 7 without using the turntable 70 or the shelf.
- the multi-axis robot 1 of the present embodiment can be used in various mounting postures.
- the partition wall of the guide tube 4 is formed in a straight line in the cross section of the guide tube 4.
- the thin tube in the tube 6 may reach several tens depending on the color to be painted, and the tube 6 may have a larger diameter than the motor cable. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the partition wall 40 is formed in a V shape in the cross section of the guide tube 4, and the cross sectional area of the second passage 42 through which the tube 6 passes is formed larger than the cross sectional area of the first passage 41. Also good.
- the cross-sectional area of the second passage 42 may be larger than the cross-sectional area of the first passage 41 while the partition wall of the guide tube 4 is formed in a straight line.
- the support bar 45 is rotatably attached to the projecting piece 44, but the support bar 45 may be attached to the rear plate 47 to be rotatable.
- the multi-axis robot according to the present invention is useful as a robot having a striatum.
- Multi-axis robot 2 Base 3 Support member 4 Guide tube 5 Motor cable 6 Tube 8 Guide member 41 First passage 42 Second passage 43 Notch 50 Deflection part
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、このような課題を解決するためになされたもので、本発明の目的は、基台に設けられた回転体の回転による線状体の伸張に対処する構成をコンパクトに実現できる多軸ロボットを提供することにある。
前記支持部材に設けられて、該支持部材と共に回転し、一端部が前記基台内に回転自在に挿入されて、その内部空間が前記支持部材の内部空間と基台の内部空間に連通し、第1の線条体がその長手方向に沿って挿通される案内管とを備え、該案内管の回転中心と前記第1の線条体の中心はずれており、
前記基台内に位置する案内管の端部の周面には、第1の線条体が通る切欠きが形成され、
前記第1の線条体は、前記案内管の径方向外側から、案内管の回転方向に平行な面内にて案内管の外周面の周りに撓み部分を形成するように前記切欠きに至り、該切欠きから案内管の内側を通って前記支持部材の内部空間に至るように延びている。
また、撓み部分は切欠きに至るので、撓み部分は案内管の両端部の間に設けられる。これによって、支持部材の回転軸方向に沿う基台の長さも短くすることができる。
更に、第1の線条体の径に合わせて、案内管の径を小さくすれば、撓み部分の撓み量を小さくすることができる。これにより、第1の線条体の全体長さも短くできる。
また、案内管が回転すると、案内管内で第1の線条体が捻られる一方、案内管の回転中心と前記第1の線条体の中心はずれているから、第1の線条体の撓み部分は変形する。即ち、案内管内の第1の線条体の捻りと案内管周りの第1の線条体の撓み部分の変形の両方により、支持部材の回転が第1の線条体に与えるダメージ、具体的には第1の線条体の捻りと引っ張りを効果的に吸収することができる。
前記第1の線条体は前記案内管の径方向外側から、前記ガイド孔と前記切欠きを通って前記案内管に導入されている。
前記第1通路の一端は閉鎖され、且つ該第1通路は該一端において前記切欠きを通じて前記基台の内部空間に連通するとともに他端において前記支持部材の内部空間に連通し、
前記第2通路の両端は前記支持部材の開口部に繋がる外部空間及び前記基台の開口部に繋がる外部空間に連通し、
前記第1の線条体は通電用であって、前記第1通路に挿通され、
第2の線条体が前記基台の開口部から前記第2通路を通って、前記支持部材の外側へ延びる。
従って、基台に接続された支持部材が回転することによる第1の線状体の伸張に対処する構成をコンパクトに実現できる。
また、案内管内の第1の線条体の捻りと案内管周りの第1の線条体の撓み部分の変形の両方にて、支持部材の回転による第1の線条体の捻りと引っ張りを確実に吸収することができる。また、支持部材の回転範囲を広げることができる。
図1に示すように、本発明の実施形態に係る多軸ロボット1は、例えば、ワークへの塗装作業に用いられる産業用ロボットである。しかし、多軸ロボット1は、線条体を備えるものであれば、特に限定されない。
多軸ロボット1は基台2を備え、この基台2が例えば、壁面7に直交して設けられたターンテーブル70上に設けられている。該基台2には支持部材3、第1リンク10、第2リンク11、第1ハンド12、第2ハンド13及びアタッチメントである塗装ガン14がこの順で繋がっている。以下の記載では、壁面7から塗装ガン14に向かう方向を前方、その逆方向を後方とする。
後記の如く、多軸ロボット1には、該多軸ロボット1の各サーボモータに通電するモータケーブル5と、塗料を供給するチューブ6とが配線される。モータケーブル5及びチューブ6は可撓性材料から形成されて、多少の捻りを許容する。
モータケーブル5は、本発明における第1の線条体の一例であり、チューブ6は本発明における第2の線条体の一例である。しかし、両線条体はモータケーブル5とチューブ6に限定されない。
塗装ガン14から噴射される塗料は、引火性且つ揮発性である。揮発性成分の拡散を防ぐべく、多軸ロボット1はその全体が、塗装ブース75内に収納される。
モータケーブル5は基台2に挿入されて、対応する電線が第1ジョイントJT1のサーボモータに接続され、支持部材3内にて対応する電線が第2ジョイントJT2のサーボモータに接続される。以降、モータケーブル5は、第1リンク10、第2リンク11、第1ハンド12、第2ハンド13内を通って、対応する電線が各ジョイントJT3~JT6のサーボモータに接続される。
従って、保護カバー71の下端から基台2の後端部に至るまでに、チューブ6は撓まされている。これにより、ターンテーブル70から塗装ガン14までの8つの要素が回転しても、チューブ6が緊張することを防いでいる。
また、基台2はターンテーブル70との連結部である第7ジョイントJT7を中心に水平面内で回転する。しかし、チューブ6は可撓性材料から形成されているので、多少の捻りを吸収する。
しかし、チューブ6が多軸ロボット1の外側にて、基台2から塗装ガン14の各要素の回転に合わせて自由に動くと、例えばチューブ6が塗装対象のワークに接したり、壁面7に接する虞がある。チューブ6がワークに接すると、ワークに塗布された塗料がチューブ6に付着し、塗装品質に問題を生じる。また、チューブ6が壁面7に接すると、壁面7に付着した埃等がチューブ6によって落とされて塗装ブース75内を浮遊し、ワークに付着してやはり塗装品質に問題を生じる虞がある。チューブ6の挙動を抑えるために多軸ロボット1上に専用の部材を設けると、該多軸ロボット1の構成が複雑になる。
従って、保護カバー71にてチューブ6を壁面7に接触させないとともに、後記の如く、基台2と支持部材3の間にて、チューブ6の不用意な動きを簡素な構造で規制している。
前記モータケーブル5は案内管4の長手方向に沿って挿通され、案内管4の他端部は基台2の内部通路内に位置する。該案内管4の他端部には、前記モータケーブル5が通る切欠き43が形成されている。
第1通路41の後端面は後板47にて閉鎖され、第1通路41の前端面は開放されて、支持部材3の内部空間に連通している。第2通路42の後端面は開放され、基台2の後側の外部空間に連通している。第2通路42の前端面は開放され、支持部材3の外周面に形成された開口部3a(図3参照)を通って外部空間に連通している。つまり、第1通路41はモータケーブル5が挿通される気密な通路の一部を構成していて高圧に保たれ、第2通路42は多軸ロボット1の外部空間に開放されている。
第1通路41には、切欠き43から導入されたモータケーブル5が、第2通路42には、チューブ6が夫々挿通される。隔壁40によってモータケーブル5はチューブ6と隔離されて、互いに接触することが防止されている。これによって、チューブ6への引火等の危険を防いでいる。1本の案内管4にてモータケーブル5とチューブ6の挙動を抑えており、該挙動を抑える構造が簡素になる。また、図4に示すように、モータケーブル5の中心と案内管4の回転中心は、案内管4の半径方向においてずれている。従って、案内管4の回転によって、モータケーブル5は捻られる。
該ガイド部材8は、例えば、モータケーブル5との摩擦が小さい材料から構成される。これにより、モータケーブル5はガイド部材8内をスムーズにスライドすることができる。また、支え棒45が案内管4の回転方向を含む面内を回転するから、ガイド部材8も同じ面内を回転する。
一方、チューブ6は案内管4の端面開口から第2通路42内に挿入され、案内管4の支持部材3側の端面(前端面)の開口を出て支持部材3の外周面に形成された開口部3aを通り外部空間に至る。
図6(a)~(d)は、支持部材3の回転軸A1を中心とする回転に伴う、モータケーブル5の挙動を示す図であり、図3をB1方向から見ている。説明の便宜上、図6(a)~(d)では、チューブ6を図示しない。図6(a)は、支持部材3及び案内管4の基準状態を示し、この基準状態における回転角度を0°とする。本実施形態では、多軸ロボット1の使用時には、支持部材3及び案内管4は、例えば、基準状態から、±120°の角度範囲で回転する。但し、この角度範囲はこの±120°の範囲に限定されない。撓み部分50は、支持部材3及び案内管4の回転によりモータケーブル5が引っ張られても、余裕がある長さに設けられている。
図6(b)は、支持部材3及び案内管4が、図6(a)の基準状態から+120°、即ち反時計方向に回転した状態を示す。案内管4の回転に合わせて、ガイド部材8も回転軸A1を中心として回転し、モータケーブル5を案内する。モータケーブル5の撓み部分50は膨らみ部分が内向きに変形するように撓む。また、前記の如く、案内管4の回転に伴い、案内管4内のモータケーブル5は捻られる。
尚、図6(b)に示す状態にて、案内管4の回転方向を含む垂直面内にて、切欠き43から案内管4内に入るモータケーブル5と隔壁40の成す角度α1は、出願人の計測で45°であった。
即ち、案内管4が図6(b)に示す状態から―75°回転すると、角度α2と角度α1の差である65°分が、モータケーブル5が案内管4内で捻られることで吸収され、残り10°分が撓み部分50の変形で吸収されていることが、出願人の実験で判った。
即ち、案内管4が図6(c)に示す状態から―90°回転すると、角度α3と角度α2の差である25°分が、モータケーブル5が案内管4内で捻られることで吸収され、残り65°分が撓み部分50の変形で吸収されていることが、出願人の実験で判った。
本実施形態に係る多軸ロボット1は、更に以下の効果を奏する。
1.通電用のモータケーブル5は、案内管4の回転方向に平行な面内にて案内管4の外周面の周りに撓み部分50を形成するように延びた後に、案内管4の切欠き43を通る。即ち、モータケーブル5は案内管4への挿通方向とは略直交する面内にて撓まされるので、案内管4へのケーブル挿通方向に沿う該撓み部分50の長さを短くすることができる。
また、撓み部分50は切欠き43に至るので、撓み部分50は案内管の両端部の間に設けられる。これによって、案内管4へのケーブル挿通方向における基台2の長さも短くすることができ、ひいては多軸ロボット1が配備される塗装ブース75を小さくすることができる。
一般に、塗装ブース75は大きくなれば、維持費が高くなる。従って、本実施形態に係る多軸ロボット1によって塗装ブース75の維持費を抑えることができる。
2.案内管4内にモータケーブル5とチューブ6の2つを並列に通すことができるので、モータケーブル5とチューブ6とが分離して別個に挙動することがなく、コンパクトに収めることができる。また、チューブ6は案内管4を通るので、チューブ6の不用意な挙動が規制される。これにより、チューブ6の不用意な挙動により、ワークの塗装品質に悪影響を与えることが防止される。
前記の如く、塗装ガン14が塗装するワークは、例えば自動車のドアであり、該ドアが車体に取り付けられた状態で、ドアの内側(以下、「内板」と呼ぶ)とドアの外側(以下、「外板」と呼ぶ)が選択的に塗装される。基台2又は第2リンク11の何れかに、塗装機器18が選択的に配置される理由を以下に示す。
内板を塗装する場合は、開いたドアと車体の間が狭く、塗装ガン14に近い第2リンク11に塗装機器18を配置すると、該塗装機器18がドア又は車体に接触して傷付ける虞がある。従って、内板もしくは内板と外板の両方を塗装する場合は、塗装機器18を基台2に設け、当該塗装機器18をドアから離して配置する。
これに対し、外板を塗装する場合は、塗装ガン14が配備される空間の大きさに余裕があり、塗装ガン14に近い第2リンク11に塗装機器18を設けても該塗装機器18がドア又は車体に接触する虞はない。また、塗装終了後には、チューブ6の細管内に残存した塗料を廃棄する必要があるが、塗装機器18を第2リンク11に配置すれば、塗装機器18から塗装ガン14までの距離が短く、廃棄する塗料が少なくて済む。従って、コスト低減の点からも外板を塗装する場合は、塗装機器18を第2リンク11に配置する。
また、図7に示すように、床面77に壁状のブラケット78を設け、該ブラケット78の側面に基台2を設け、多軸ロボット1を縦置きに設けてもよい。
更に、図8に示すように、ターンテーブル70や棚を介さず、基台2を壁面7に直接取り付けてもよい。このように、本実施形態の多軸ロボット1は種々の取付け姿勢で用いることができる。
上記形態では、突片44に支え棒45を回転自在に取り付けているとしたが、該支え棒45を後板47に回転自在に取り付けてもよい。
上記説明から、当業者にとっては、本発明の多くの改良や他の実施形態が明らかである。従って、上記説明は、例示としてのみ解釈されるべきであり、本発明を実行する最良の態様を当業者に教示する目的で提供されたものである。本発明の精神を逸脱することなく、その構造及び/又は機能の詳細を実質的に変更できる。
2 基台
3 支持部材
4 案内管
5 モータケーブル
6 チューブ
8 ガイド部材
41 第1通路
42 第2通路
43 切欠き
50 撓み部分
Claims (4)
- 中空の基台と、該基台にその軸心を中心として回転可能に設けられ、アームの基端部を構成する中空の支持部材と、
前記支持部材に設けられて、該支持部材と共に回転し、一端部が前記基台内に回転自在に挿入されて、その内部空間が前記支持部材の内部空間と基台の内部空間に連通し、第1の線条体がその長手方向に沿って挿通される案内管とを備え、該案内管の回転中心と前記第1の線条体の中心はずれており、
前記基台内に位置する案内管の端部の周面には、第1の線条体が通る切欠きが形成され、
前記第1の線条体は、前記案内管の径方向外側から、案内管の回転方向に平行な面内にて案内管の外周面の周りに撓み部分を形成するように前記切欠きに至り、該切欠きから案内管の内側を通って前記支持部材の内部空間に至るように延びる、多軸ロボット。 - 前記案内管の前記切欠きには、該案内管の回りに揺動可能であり、且つ前記軸心に直交する方向に前記第1の線条体が挿通されるガイド孔を有するガイド部材が設けられており、
前記第1の線条体は前記案内管の径方向外側から、前記ガイド孔と前記切欠きを通って前記案内管に導入されている、請求項1に記載の多軸ロボット。 - 前記案内管は隔壁によって夫々該案内管の軸方向に延びる第1通路及び第2通路に区画され、
前記第1通路の一端は閉鎖され、且つ該第1通路は該一端において前記切欠きを通じて前記基台の内部空間に連通するとともに他端において前記支持部材の内部空間に連通し、
前記第2通路の両端は前記支持部材の開口部に繋がる外部空間及び前記基台の開口部に繋がる外部空間に連通し、
前記第1の線条体は通電用であって、前記第1通路に挿通され、
第2の線条体が前記基台の開口部から前記第2通路を通って、前記支持部材の外側へ延びる、請求項1又は2に記載の多軸ロボット。 - 前記基台、前記案内管の第1通路及び前記支持部材を構成する内部空間は、密閉された気密室である、請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載の多軸ロボット。
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EP12843316.6A EP2772337B1 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2012-10-05 | Multi-axis robot |
CN201280050817.9A CN103889666B (zh) | 2011-10-28 | 2012-10-05 | 多轴机械手 |
KR1020147003484A KR101595922B1 (ko) | 2011-10-28 | 2012-10-05 | 다축 로봇 |
US14/354,787 US9517568B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2012-10-05 | Multi-axis robot |
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EP2977151A3 (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-06-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki | Robot |
EP2977152A3 (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-07-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki | Robot |
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JP6567819B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-09 | 2019-08-28 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 自動生産システム |
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EP2977152A3 (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-07-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki | Robot |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20140290416A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
JP5890653B2 (ja) | 2016-03-22 |
CN103889666A (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
KR101595922B1 (ko) | 2016-02-19 |
KR20140040266A (ko) | 2014-04-02 |
CN103889666B (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
EP2772337A1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
JP2013094856A (ja) | 2013-05-20 |
EP2772337A4 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
EP2772337B1 (en) | 2016-06-22 |
US9517568B2 (en) | 2016-12-13 |
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