WO2012043571A1 - 複合酸化物焼結体及びその製造方法、スパッタリングターゲット、並びに酸化物透明導電膜及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
複合酸化物焼結体及びその製造方法、スパッタリングターゲット、並びに酸化物透明導電膜及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012043571A1 WO2012043571A1 PCT/JP2011/072092 JP2011072092W WO2012043571A1 WO 2012043571 A1 WO2012043571 A1 WO 2012043571A1 JP 2011072092 W JP2011072092 W JP 2011072092W WO 2012043571 A1 WO2012043571 A1 WO 2012043571A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- zinc
- powder
- aluminum
- sintered body
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/003—Titanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
- C01G9/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/453—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
- C04B35/6262—Milling of calcined, sintered clinker or ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62685—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures characterised by the order of addition of constituents or additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/086—Oxides of zinc, germanium, cadmium, indium, tin, thallium or bismuth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
- C23C14/3414—Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/08—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
- C04B2235/3234—Titanates, not containing zirconia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3284—Zinc oxides, zincates, cadmium oxides, cadmiates, mercury oxides, mercurates or oxide forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5409—Particle size related information expressed by specific surface values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/604—Pressing at temperatures other than sintering temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6565—Cooling rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/78—Grain sizes and shapes, product microstructures, e.g. acicular grains, equiaxed grains, platelet-structures
- C04B2235/786—Micrometer sized grains, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite oxide sintered body and a manufacturing method thereof, a sputtering target, an oxide transparent conductive film, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the oxide transparent conductive film has high transmittance in the visible region and high conductivity, and is used for electrodes of various light receiving elements such as liquid crystal display elements and solar cells. Further, it is widely used in heat ray reflective films and antistatic films for automobiles and building materials, and antifogging transparent heating elements such as frozen showcases.
- As one of such oxide transparent conductive films zinc oxide-based films in which elements such as aluminum, gallium, and boron are added to zinc oxide are used.
- a zinc oxide-based film to which aluminum oxide is added is excellent in light transmittance in the infrared region, and thus is suitably used in applications that place importance on light transmittance such as solar cells.
- a sputtering method using a sputtering target is often employed because it can be formed in a large area with a uniform film thickness.
- this sputtering method has problems such as a decrease in operating rate of the sputtering apparatus due to an abnormal discharge phenomenon during sputtering and a decrease in product yield due to the influence of generated particles.
- Patent Document 1 As a means for suppressing the abnormal discharge phenomenon that occurs during sputtering, for example, Patent Document 1 was selected from the group consisting of 3 to 7 atomic% Al, B, Ga, In, Ge, Si, Sn, and Ti. A ZnO-based sintered body containing 0.3 to 3 atomic% of one or more third elements is disclosed. However, the composition control of Patent Document 1 cannot sufficiently suppress the occurrence of an abnormal discharge phenomenon during sputtering. For this reason, it is required to further suppress the abnormal discharge phenomenon.
- the film obtained by using a sputtering target requires low resistance, wide wavelength range, particularly high transmittance in the infrared region as well as high stability (durability) in the infrared region as well as the visible region. It is said that.
- the film obtained using the sputtering target of Patent Document 1 has both high light transmittance and high stability (durability) of film characteristics in a wide wavelength region, particularly in the infrared region. Proved difficult to do.
- the transmittance at specific wavelengths of 550 nm and 1000 nm is shown, but in actual use, not only the specific wavelength but also the wavelength range required for the application to be used. It is important to obtain a high transmittance.
- the durability was enhanced with the film of Patent Document 1, it was found that the transmittance was lowered in a wavelength region longer than the wavelength of 1000 nm described in the examples. This phenomenon is desired to be improved in applications that place importance on light transmittance such as solar cells.
- Patent Document 2 (1) a ZnO phase in which at least one selected from the group consisting of B, In, Al, Ga, Ge, Sn, Si, and Ti is solid-dissolved in an amount of 0.2 to 14 atomic% is formed.
- the main constituent phases are: (2) ZnO-based sintered body having a sintered density of 4.5 g / cm 3 or more, (3) a volume resistivity of 1 k ⁇ cm or less, and (4) an average crystal grain size of 2 to 20 ⁇ m.
- Patent Document 2 there is no description of examples in which Al and Ti are added in combination, and there is no description of composition, characteristics and the like.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a zinc oxide sintered body containing at least one additive element of Al, Ga, In, Ti, Si, Ge and Sn in ZnO.
- the zinc oxide sintered body has a plurality of precipitates including the additive element and a composite oxide phase of zinc, and a plurality of pores formed around the precipitate.
- the proportion of precipitates with an equivalent circle diameter of 3 ⁇ m or more is 20% or less, and among the pores, the proportion of pores with an equivalent circle diameter of 3 ⁇ m or more is 50%.
- the following zinc oxide sintered bodies are disclosed.
- any one of the first additive elements of Al, Ga, In, Ti, Si, Ge, and Sn and any one of Al, Ga, In, Ti, Si, Ge, and Sn are added to ZnO.
- a zinc oxide sintered body containing the above-described second additive element that is not added as the first additive element is also disclosed.
- the zinc oxide sintered body includes a first precipitate containing a composite oxide phase of the first additive element and zinc in a zinc oxide phase which is a main phase, and the second additive element and zinc.
- a zinc oxide sintered body having a coexisting portion in which a second precipitate containing a composite oxide phase coexists is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a zinc oxide-based transparent conductive film containing Al and Ti.
- Patent Document 4 is based on a chip-on film forming method using a DC magnetron sputtering method. In this method, a part of the elements constituting the thin film is formed into a chip shape and placed on the target for sputtering. For this reason, there is no disclosure regarding the sintered body (sputtering target).
- a zinc oxide film with a reduced amount of aluminum oxide added or a zinc oxide film that does not contain aluminum oxide as an additive has a very high light transmittance in the infrared region. It is known to be excellent. However, the durability is poor, and it is difficult to achieve both high transmittance in the infrared region and high durability.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-236219 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-322332 JP 2008-063214 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-045140
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sputtering target capable of sufficiently suppressing the occurrence of an abnormal discharge phenomenon, an oxide transparent conductive film obtained using such a sputtering target, and a method for producing the same. Moreover, it aims at providing the complex oxide sintered compact which can be used as such a sputtering target, and its manufacturing method.
- the present inventors made extensive studies. As a result, as a method for forming a transparent oxide conductive film, attention was focused on a sputtering method using a sputtering target in that a film can be formed with a uniform film thickness over a large area. In this sputtering method, it was found that by using a complex oxide sintered body having a specific composition and structure as a sputtering target, it is possible to control the occurrence of abnormal discharge phenomenon during film formation by sputtering and to suppress the yield reduction due to particles. It was. And the complex oxide sintered compact which can obtain the oxide transparent conductive film excellent in the light transmittance and durability of infrared region, a sputtering target, and the oxide transparent conductive film obtained by using it The present invention has been completed.
- the present invention is a composite oxide sintered body mainly composed of zinc, aluminum, titanium, and oxygen, and an atomic ratio of elements constituting the sintered body is expressed by the following formula (1
- the composite oxide sintered body satisfying the requirements (3) to (3) is provided.
- (Al + Ti) / (Zn + Al + Ti) 0.004 to 0.055 (1)
- Al / (Zn + Al + Ti) 0.002 to 0.025 (2)
- Ti / (Zn + Al + Ti) 0.002 to 0.048 (3)
- the sintered body has a hexagonal wurtzite structure mainly containing zinc oxide and an average particle diameter of 20 ⁇ m or less, and similar to ZnTiO 3 type containing aluminum and titanium and an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or less. It is composed of particles having a structure and / or a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type-like structure, and does not contain particles having a zinc aluminate spinel oxide structure in which zinc and aluminum are dissolved.
- aluminum oxide particles and titanium oxide particles do not exist.
- the method for producing the composite oxide sintered body includes a step of preliminarily mixing and calcining a powder serving as an aluminum source and a powder serving as a titanium source to obtain a first mixed powder having an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less, Adding a zinc oxide powder to the first mixed powder and mixing, and obtaining a second mixed powder satisfying the following formulas (1), (2) and (3) expressed by an atomic ratio of metal elements; And forming the mixed powder 2 and firing at 800 to 1500 ° C. to obtain the composite oxide sintered body.
- Al + Ti Al + Ti
- Zn + Al + Ti 0.004 to 0.055
- Al / (Zn + Al + Ti) 0.002 to 0.025
- Ti / (Zn + Al + Ti) 0.002 to 0.048 (3)
- Al, Ti and Zn represent the contents (atomic%) of aluminum, titanium and zinc, respectively.
- the present invention provides a sputtering target comprising the above-described composite oxide sintered body.
- This sputtering target preferably has a sputtering surface having a center line average roughness Ra of 3 ⁇ m or less.
- the present invention provides a method for producing an oxide transparent conductive film having a step of sputtering using the above-described sputtering target, and an oxide transparent conductive film obtained by the production method.
- the complex oxide sintered body of the present invention can be suitably used as a sputtering target. That is, by using this for sputtering, an oxide transparent conductive film can be produced while suppressing abnormal discharge during sputtering.
- the obtained oxide transparent conductive film is excellent not only in the visible region but also in the infrared region and has excellent durability. For this reason, for example, by using it for a solar cell, solar energy in the infrared region, which has been insufficient in the past, can be used with high efficiency. Therefore, a solar cell with high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be provided.
- the solar cell in this specification is a silicon solar cell using single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or amorphous silicon, a compound solar cell such as CuInSe 2 , Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 , GaAs, CdTe, And a solar cell using an oxide transparent conductive film such as a dye-sensitized solar cell.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the complex oxide sintered body of the present embodiment.
- the complex oxide sintered body 2 of the present embodiment is mainly composed of zinc, aluminum, titanium, and oxygen. That is, the composite oxide sintered body 2 contains zinc, aluminum, titanium, and oxygen as main elements.
- the total content of zinc, aluminum, and titanium with respect to all the cationic elements contained in the composite oxide sintered body 2 is 97 atomic% or more. This content is preferably 98 atomic% or more, more preferably 99 atomic% or more, and still more preferably 100 atomic%, from the viewpoint of obtaining an oxide transparent conductive film having higher properties.
- the composite oxide sintered body 2 may contain an element different from zinc, aluminum, titanium, and oxygen, but the amount is preferably small.
- (Al + Ti) / (Zn + Al + Ti) 0.004 to 0.055
- Al / (Zn + Al + Ti) 0.002 to 0.025
- Ti / (Zn + Al + Ti) 0.002 to 0.048 (3)
- Al, Ti, and Zn show content (atom%) of aluminum, titanium, and zinc, respectively.
- the composite oxide sintered body 2 of the present embodiment contains zinc, aluminum, and titanium in the above-described atomic ratio, and thus has a low resistance and is excellent in light transmittance and durability in the infrared region and visible region. Can be obtained.
- (Al + Ti) / (Zn + Al + Ti) is preferably 0.005 to 0.05.
- Al / (Zn + Al + Ti) is preferably 0.003 to 0.02.
- Ti / (Zn + Al + Ti) is preferably 0.003 to 0.04, more preferably 0.003 to 0.03.
- inevitable trace amounts of impurities may be contained.
- the composite oxide sintered body 2 includes zinc oxide as a main component and particles (A) having a hexagonal wurtzite structure having an average particle diameter of 20 ⁇ m or less, and aluminum and titanium as constituent elements and an average particle diameter.
- the average particle diameter of the particles (A) is 20 ⁇ m or less, abnormal discharge during sputtering can be reduced, and damage to the target during sputtering can be suppressed.
- the average particle diameter of the particles (A) is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit is usually 0.001 ⁇ m.
- a raw material powder having an average primary particle size of less than 0.001 ⁇ m is used. When such a raw material powder is used, it becomes very difficult to mold, and the production efficiency tends to decrease.
- Particle (A) is a substance showing a diffraction pattern attributed to a hexagonal wurtzite structure of zinc oxide in an X-ray diffraction test.
- the shape and size of the particles (A) can be confirmed in detail by analysis using SEM and EPMA.
- the content of zinc oxide in the particles (A) is 80 atomic% or more as zinc, and preferably 90 atomic% or more.
- the average particle size of the particles (B) is 5 ⁇ m or less. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress abnormal discharge during sputtering.
- the average particle diameter of the particles (B) is preferably 3 ⁇ m or less. Thereby, abnormal discharge during sputtering can be further suppressed.
- the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the particles (B) is usually 0.001 ⁇ m.
- a raw material powder having an average primary particle size of less than 0.001 ⁇ m is used. When such a raw material powder is used, it becomes very difficult to mold, and the production efficiency tends to decrease.
- the particle (B) is a substance showing a diffraction pattern attributed to a ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and / or a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure in an X-ray diffraction test.
- the shape and size of the particles (B) can be confirmed in detail by analysis with SEM and EPMA.
- the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure includes a ZnTiO 3 type structure and a similar structure thereto.
- the Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure includes a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type structure and a similar structure thereto.
- the measurement method of the average particle diameter of the particles (A) and (B) contained in the composite oxide sintered body 2 is as follows. That is, after the composite oxide sintered body 2 is cut into an appropriate size, the observation surface is subjected to surface polishing. Next, chemical etching is performed with a dilute acetic acid solution to clarify the grain boundaries. Using X-ray microanalyzer (EPMA), scanning electron microscope / energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM / EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), etc., take an observation photograph of the polished surface and confirm the composition of each particle. . In the observation photograph, 500 or more major axes are measured for each of the particles (A) and (B). And let the arithmetic mean value be an average particle diameter.
- EPMA X-ray microanalyzer
- SEM / EDS scanning electron microscope / energy dispersive X-ray analysis
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- PDF Powder Diffraction
- ICDD International Center for Diffraction Data
- RTB ZnTiO 3 peak pattern or similar peak pattern (shifted peak pattern) (210) plane, (211) plane, (220) plane, (300) plane, The (310) plane, (311) plane, and (320) plane can be indexed.
- the shift of the peak pattern is usually within a range of ⁇ 1 °.
- the peak pattern or a similar peak pattern of Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 of PDF # 00-038-0500 of ICDD the (shifted peak pattern) ( 220) plane, (311) plane, and (222) plane can be indexed.
- the shift of the peak pattern is usually within a range of ⁇ 1 °.
- the main peak (311) plane of the main peak (311) plane and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type analogous structures ZnTiO 3 type similar structure is diffracted at very close angles. For this reason, it is difficult to confirm individually. Therefore, by using the relative intensity of the peak and its ICDD of (210) plane of the individual to see and easy ZnTiO 3 type similar structure, as follows, A x and A y are determined.
- the sum of the diffraction intensities of the main peak (311) planes of the particles having a ZnTiO 3 type-like structure and the particles having a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type-like structure is I (x + y)
- the ZnTiO 3 type-like structure (210) If the diffraction intensity of the surface is I x (210) , it can be calculated by the following equation.
- a x I x (210) ⁇ (100/45)
- a y I (x + y) ⁇ A x
- the particles having a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure may contain particles having a similar structure Zn 2 TiO 4 type.
- the particles (B) having a ZnTiO 3 type-like structure and / or Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type-like structure contained in the composite oxide sintered body 2 contain zinc, aluminum, and titanium.
- the composite oxide sintered body 2 does not contain particles having a spinel oxide structure of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum are dissolved. Thereby, it is possible to further suppress abnormal discharge during sputtering.
- does not contain particles having a spinel oxide structure of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum are dissolved means the following. That is, it means that the diffraction pattern attributed to the spinel oxide structure of zinc aluminate ZnAl 2 O 4 in which zinc and aluminum are dissolved is not detected by the X-ray diffraction test measured under the conditions of the examples.
- the complex oxide sintered body 2 preferably does not contain aluminum oxide particles and titanium oxide particles. That is, it is preferable that all the aluminum elements and all the titanium elements contained in the composite oxide sintered body 2 are contained in the particles (A) or the particles (B). Thereby, it is possible to further suppress abnormal discharge during sputtering.
- the relative density of the composite oxide sintered body 2 is preferably 80% or more.
- the oxide transparent conductive film obtained when the composite oxide sintered body is used as a sputtering target exhibits high light transmittance in the infrared region and is further excellent in durability. . Further, the abnormal discharge phenomenon during sputtering can be suppressed, and stable film formation can be performed without causing damage to the target during sputtering.
- the relative density of the composite oxide sintered body of the present invention is calculated as follows. That is, determine the weight ratio of when the Zn in the composite oxide sintered body, Al and Ti, respectively, were converted ZnO, the Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2. The weight ratios are a (%), b (%), and c (%), respectively.
- A (a + b + c) / ((a / 5.68) + (b / 3.99) + (c / 4.2))
- the density B (g / cm 3 ) of the composite oxide sintered body is measured by the Archimedes method according to JIS-R1634-1998.
- Relative density (%) (B / A) ⁇ 100
- the composite oxide sintered body 2 containing zinc, aluminum, and titanium includes the particles (A), the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and / or Zn containing aluminum and titanium and having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or less. It is composed of particles (B) having a 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure.
- This composite oxide sintered body 2 does not contain particles having a spinel oxide structure of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum are dissolved. In order to manufacture such a complex oxide sintered body 2, it is necessary to control manufacturing conditions as described below.
- the raw material powder used as an aluminum source and a titanium source is not particularly limited.
- metal oxide powder, metal hydroxide powder, chloride, nitrate, carbonate containing aluminum or titanium It is possible to use metal salt powder, metal alkoxide, etc. In view of handleability, metal oxide powder is preferable.
- the raw material powder used as the zinc source is available as a high-purity powder that is inexpensive and excellent in handleability. Therefore, zinc oxide powder is used as a raw material.
- the same effect can be obtained even if the powder is heat-treated in an oxidizing atmosphere such as the air in advance and used as the metal oxide powder. However, operations such as heat treatment are required, and the process becomes complicated. For this reason, it is preferable to use a metal oxide powder as a raw material powder.
- metal oxide powder is used as the raw material powder.
- the powder of elements other than zinc it is preferable to use an oxide powder having a primary particle size smaller than the primary particle size of the zinc oxide powder. If the primary particle diameter of the zinc oxide powder is smaller or equivalent, the homogeneity of the mixed state may be impaired.
- the average particle diameter of the zinc oxide powder is preferably larger than the average particle diameter of other metal oxide powders other than zinc.
- the BET specific surface area of the zinc oxide powder and the metal oxide powder other than zinc is preferably 3 to 20 m 2 / g in consideration of handleability. This facilitates obtaining the complex oxide sintered body 2. If BET value is less powder than 3m 2 / g, it is preferable to use BET value by performing a grinding process from a powder of 3 ⁇ 20m 2 / g. Although it is possible to use a powder having a BET value larger than 20 m 2 / g, the powder becomes bulky. For this reason, it is preferable to perform powder compaction or the like in advance in order to improve handleability.
- the specific surface area diameters determined from the BET specific surface areas of the zinc oxide powder and aluminum and titanium oxide powders are D bz , D ba and D bt , respectively, and the average particle diameters of the respective powders are D sz , D sa and D st. and then D sz / D bz time was, D sa / D ba, the value of D st / D bt is preferably each less than 1 to 50.
- the composite oxide sintered body 2 can be suitably obtained.
- the specific surface area diameter can be obtained by the following equation assuming that the primary particles of each powder are spherical. In the formula, S represents a BET specific surface area (unit: m 2 / g).
- these powders are processed by dry or wet mixing to obtain mixed powders.
- the powder serving as the aluminum source and the powder serving as the titanium source are premixed and calcined, and then the average particle size is adjusted to 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the premixing method is not particularly limited. Examples of premixing methods include dry and wet media stirring mills using balls or beads of zirconia, alumina, nylon resin, etc., and mixing methods such as medialess container rotary mixing and mechanical stirring mixing Is done. Specific examples include a ball mill, a bead mill, an attritor, a vibration mill, a planetary mill, a jet mill, a V-type mixer, a paddle mixer, and a twin-shaft planetary agitation mixer.
- the pulverized slurry When a wet ball mill or bead mill, or an attritor, vibration mill, planetary mill, jet mill or the like is used, the pulverized slurry must be dried.
- This drying method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include filtration drying, fluidized bed drying, and spray drying.
- a metal salt solution or an alkoxide solution is used as a raw material, precipitates precipitated from the solution are dried.
- Calcination of the obtained powder is preferably performed at 600 to 1200 ° C, more preferably 800 to 1000 ° C. A holding time of 1 to 3 hours is sufficient.
- the obtained calcined powder is made into a premixed powder with an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less by crushing treatment or the like.
- a treatment method such as crushing is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a dry method using balls or beads such as zirconia, alumina, and nylon resin, and a mixing method such as a wet media stirring mill. Specific examples include a ball mill, a bead mill, an attritor, a vibration mill, a planetary mill, and a jet mill.
- the pulverized slurry In the case of using a wet method ball mill, bead mill, attritor, vibration mill, planetary mill, jet mill, or the like, the pulverized slurry must be dried.
- This drying method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include filtration drying, fluidized bed drying, and spray drying.
- zinc oxide powder as a zinc source is mixed with the mixed powder obtained in the calcining step and having an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less so as to have a final composition, thereby obtaining a molding powder.
- zinc oxide powder as the zinc source, it is possible to reduce the complexity of the process and incidental operations such as powder processing.
- Zinc compounds other than zinc oxide, such as nitrates, chlorides and carbonates, are calcined and used as oxides.
- the average particle size of these powders is preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 ⁇ m in consideration of handling properties.
- the molding powder preferably has an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less. Thereby, sinterability can be improved.
- each raw material powder is usually 99% by weight or more, preferably 99.9% by weight or more, more preferably 99.99% by weight or more. If the purity is low, the impurities may adversely affect the characteristics of the oxide transparent conductive film formed with the sputtering target made of the composite oxide sintered body 2.
- the final composition of these raw materials that is, the final composition is reflected in the atomic ratio of the elements constituting the obtained composite oxide sintered body 2.
- the blended powder and zinc oxide powder are blended when preparing the molding powder at such a ratio that the atomic ratio of zinc, aluminum and titanium satisfies the following formulas (1) to (3).
- the molding powder thus obtained is preferably granulated before molding. Thereby, it becomes possible to improve the fluidity
- the granulation method is not particularly limited, and spray drying granulation, rolling granulation and the like can be exemplified. Usually, it is used as a granulated powder having an average particle size of several ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the molding method is not particularly limited as long as it can be molded into a shape intended for the powder for molding. Examples thereof include a press molding method, a cast molding method, and an injection molding method.
- the molding pressure is not particularly limited as long as a molded body that does not generate cracks and can be handled is obtained.
- a relatively high molding pressure for example in the case of press molding, when molded at 500kg / cm 2 ⁇ 3.0ton / cm 2 (49.0333 ⁇ 294.2MPa), in the composite oxide sintered body 2, Ya aluminum oxide particles Those having no titanium oxide particles are easily obtained, and those having a relative density of 80% or more are easily obtained.
- the molding density is preferably as high as possible.
- molding aids such as polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic polymer, methyl cellulose, waxes, oleic acid and the like may be used.
- the obtained molded body is fired at 800 to 1500 ° C.
- the firing temperature is more preferably in the range of 900 to 1400 ° C. from the viewpoint of suppressing the volatilization disappearance unique to the zinc oxide-based composite oxide and increasing the sintered density.
- the firing temperature is 900 to 1400 ° C.
- the aluminum oxide particles and the titanium oxide particles are not present, and the composite oxide sintered body 2 having a relative density of 80% or more is easily obtained.
- the firing is performed at a temperature exceeding 1500 ° C., the average particle size in the composite oxide sintered body is remarkably increased. For this reason, when used as a sputtering target, the abnormal discharge phenomenon during sputtering is remarkably increased.
- a molding aid When a molding aid is used during molding, it is preferable to add a degreasing step before firing from the viewpoint of preventing breakage such as cracks during heating.
- a high sintered density can be obtained by controlling the average particle diameter of the particles constituting the composite oxide sintered body as described above. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the abnormal discharge phenomenon during sputtering when used as a target.
- the firing time is not particularly limited and is usually 1 to 24 hours although it depends on the balance with the firing temperature. Preferably, it is 3 to 12 hours. This is to ensure homogeneity in the composite oxide sintered body 2. Even if the firing time is longer than 24 hours, it is possible to ensure homogeneity. However, in consideration of the influence on productivity, 24 hours or less is sufficient. In particular, when the holding time is longer than 30 hours, the average particle size in the composite oxide sintered body increases remarkably, and abnormal discharge phenomenon during sputtering tends to increase when used as a target. In order to obtain the composite oxide sintered body 2 composed of particles having a finer average particle diameter, the firing time is particularly preferably 3 to 12 hours.
- the temperature rising rate is not particularly limited, and is preferably 50 ° C./h or less in a temperature range of 800 ° C. or more. This is to ensure the homogeneity of the composite oxide sintered body 2.
- the firing atmosphere is not particularly limited, and for example, the atmosphere, oxygen, inert gas atmosphere, or the like is appropriately selected. It is more preferable that the atmosphere has a lower oxygen concentration than the atmosphere. This is because oxygen defects are easily introduced into the composite oxide sintered body 2, thereby reducing the resistivity of the composite oxide sintered body and further reducing abnormal discharge. .
- the pressure at the time of baking is not specifically limited, In addition to a normal pressure, baking in a pressurization and pressure reduction state is also possible. Firing by a hot isostatic pressure (HIP) method is also possible.
- HIP hot isostatic pressure
- (3) the molding step and (4) the firing step can be performed simultaneously. That is, (2) It can be produced by a hot press method in which the powder adjusted in the powder adjustment step is filled in a mold and fired, or a method in which the powder is melted and sprayed at a high temperature to obtain a predetermined shape Is possible.
- the sputtering target of the present embodiment is characterized by comprising a complex oxide sintered body 2.
- An oxide transparent conductive film formed by sputtering using such a sputtering target has low resistivity, excellent light transmittance not only in the visible region but also in the infrared region, and also excellent durability. Further, such a sputtering target has excellent discharge characteristics during film formation, and abnormal film formation is suppressed and stable film formation is possible.
- the composite oxide sintered body 2 may be used as it is as a sputtering target, or the composite oxide sintered body 2 may be processed into a predetermined shape and used as a sputtering target.
- the surface roughness of the sputtering surface of the sputtering target is preferably 3 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or less in terms of centerline average roughness (Ra).
- the centerline average roughness can be adjusted by a method of machining the sputtering surface of the composite oxide sintered body with a grindstone or the like having a changed count, a method of jetting with a sandblast, or the like.
- the center line average roughness can be determined by, for example, evaluating the measurement surface with a surface texture measuring device.
- oxide transparent conductive film of this embodiment can be manufactured by sputtering using the above sputtering target, for example.
- a DC sputtering method, an RF sputtering method, an AC sputtering method, a DC magnetron sputtering method, an RF magnetron sputtering method, an ion beam sputtering method, or the like is appropriately selected. be able to.
- the DC magnetron sputtering method and the RF magnetron sputtering method are preferable because they can be uniformly formed in a large area and can be formed at high speed.
- the temperature of the base material used at the time of sputtering is not particularly limited, and is affected by the heat resistance of the base material.
- alkali-free glass when used as a base material, it is usually preferably 250 ° C. or lower, and when a resin film is used as a base material, 150 ° C. or lower is usually preferable.
- a substrate having excellent heat resistance such as quartz, ceramics, metal, etc., it is possible to form a film at a temperature higher than that.
- an inert gas such as argon gas is usually used. If necessary, oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, hydrogen gas or the like may be used.
- the composite oxide sintered body 2 has a disc shape, but may have a different shape.
- the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the evaluation method of raw material powder, complex oxide sintered compact, a sputtering target, and an oxide transparent conductive film is as follows.
- the physical properties of the raw material powder used are as follows.
- the purity of the zinc oxide powder is 99.8% by weight, the BET specific surface area is 4 m 2 / g, and the average particle diameter D sz is 2.4 ⁇ m.
- the purity of the aluminum oxide powder is 99.99% by weight, the BET specific surface area is 14 m 2 / g, and the average particle diameter D sa is 1.6 ⁇ m.
- the purity of the titanium oxide powder is 99.9% by weight, the BET specific surface area is 6.5 m 2 / g, and the average particle diameter D st is 2.2 ⁇ m.
- MONOSORB manufactured by QUANTACHROME, USA
- Particles were identified having a particle and ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and / or Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure having a hexagonal wurtzite structure, for each structure, the arithmetic and measuring the major axis of 500 particles The average was calculated. This value was defined as the average particle size.
- X-ray diffraction test The measurement conditions are as follows. -X-ray source: CuK ⁇ ⁇ Power: 40kV, 40mA ⁇ Scanning speed: 1 ° / min
- the resistance (sheet resistance) of the oxide transparent conductive film was measured using HL5500 (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Bio-Rad Laboratories).
- Example 1 Preparation of sintered complex oxide
- the above-mentioned aluminum oxide powder and titanium oxide powder were blended so that Al and Ti had the atomic ratio shown in Table 1, and mixed by a dry ball mill to obtain a mixed powder (A).
- the mixed powder (A) was calcined at 1000 ° C. in the air and then pulverized to obtain a mixed powder (B) having an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the above-mentioned zinc oxide powder is added so that the atomic ratio of Al, Ti, and Zn becomes the atomic ratios shown in Table 1, mixed by a wet bead mill, and spray-dried to obtain the mixed powder (C). Obtained.
- the average particle size of the mixed powder (C) was 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the obtained mixed powder (C) was molded at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa) using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm, and then CIP molded at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa). Thus, a molded body was produced. This molded body was sintered under the following conditions to obtain a composite oxide sintered body of Example 1.
- the relative density of the composite oxide sintered body was as shown in Table 1.
- the obtained composite oxide sintered body was pulverized, and the generated phase was identified by an X-ray diffraction test.
- the diffraction peaks due to the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure containing aluminum and titanium, and the Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure phase were detected.
- the diffraction peaks due to the aluminum oxide phase, the titanium oxide phase, and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved were not detected.
- the polished surface of the composite oxide sintered body was analyzed by SEM and EPMA. As a result, it was confirmed that aluminum and titanium formed a compound with zinc and existed as particles of a ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure. Further, it was confirmed that these particles coexist with particles of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase. The average particle size of each particle was determined by the method described above. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered body of Example 1 are as shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 (Production and evaluation of sputtering target and production of oxide transparent conductive film)
- the composite oxide sintered body of Example 1 was processed into a 4-inch ⁇ size to obtain a sputtering target.
- One surface of the sputtering target was used as a sputtering surface by adjusting the center line average roughness by changing the count of the grinding wheel using a surface grinder and a diamond grinding wheel.
- the center line average roughness of the sputtering surface was as shown in Table 3.
- the number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 3.
- Example 1 Using the obtained sputtering target, a film was formed by the DC magnetron sputtering method under the following conditions to obtain an oxide transparent conductive film of Example 1.
- the number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 3.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the transparent oxide conductive film of Example 1 were as shown in Table 3.
- Example 2 to 36 The mixing ratio of the aluminum oxide powder and the titanium oxide powder when obtaining the mixed powder (A) was the atomic ratio described in Table 1, and the mixed powder (B) and the oxidation were obtained when obtaining the mixed powder (C). Molded bodies of Examples 2 to 36 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the blending ratio with the zinc powder was changed to the atomic ratio described in Table 1. This molded body was fired under the sintering conditions shown in Table 2 to obtain composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 2 to 36.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 2 to 36 were evaluated. As a result, in the composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 2 to 36, the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure containing aluminum and titanium, and the Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type Only diffraction peaks due to similar structural phases were detected. On the other hand, the diffraction peaks due to the aluminum oxide phase, the titanium oxide phase, and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved were not detected.
- the polished surfaces of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 2 to 36 were analyzed by SEM and EPMA. As a result, it was confirmed that aluminum and titanium formed a compound with zinc and existed as particles of a ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure. Further, it was confirmed that these particles coexist with particles of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase. The average particle size of each particle was determined by the method described above. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 2 to 36 are as shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Examples 2 to 36 were produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 3.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, using the sputtering targets of Examples 2 to 36, films were formed by the DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain transparent oxide conductive films of Examples 2 to 36, respectively.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive films of Examples 2 to 36 were as shown in Table 3.
- the production phases of the oxide transparent conductive films of Examples 2 to 36 were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive films of Examples 2 to 36 were all composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 1 was evaluated. As a result, only the diffraction peak due to the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide was detected in the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 1. The average particle diameter of the composite oxide sintered body was determined in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 1 were as shown in Table 4.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 1 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 6.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 1 was used to form a film by the DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain a transparent oxide conductive film of Comparative Example 1.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 1 were as shown in Table 6.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 1 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 1 was composed only of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 2 to 5 were evaluated. As a result, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 2 to 5 were caused by the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved. Only diffraction peaks that were detected were detected. On the other hand, no diffraction peak due to the aluminum oxide phase was detected. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 2 to 5 were as shown in Table 4.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Comparative Examples 2 to 5 were produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 6.
- each of the sputtering targets of Comparative Examples 2 to 5 was used, and each film was formed by DC magnetron sputtering to obtain oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 2 to 5.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the transparent oxide conductive films of Comparative Examples 2 to 5 were as shown in Table 6.
- the production phases of the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 2 to 5 were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 2 to 5 were all composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite phase.
- Comparative Example 6 The above-described titanium oxide powder and zinc oxide powder were blended so that Ti and Zn had an atomic ratio of Comparative Example 6 in Table 4, mixed by a wet bead mill, and spray-dried. The average particle size was 1 ⁇ m or less. The obtained powder was molded using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa) and then CIP-molded at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa). Was made. This molded body was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 5 to obtain a composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 6.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 6 was evaluated. As a result, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 6, the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure phase containing titanium Only the resulting diffraction peak was detected. On the other hand, no diffraction peak due to the titanium oxide phase was detected.
- the polished surface of the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 6 was analyzed by SEM and EPMA, and particles of a ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure and a hexagonal wurtz type structure were obtained.
- the average particle size of the phase particles was determined in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 6 were as shown in Table 4.
- Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 1, a sputtering target of Comparative Example 6 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 6.
- Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 6 was used to form a film by DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain a transparent oxide conductive film of Comparative Example 6.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- Table 6 shows the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the transparent oxide conductive film of Comparative Example 6.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 6 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 6 was composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 7, 9, 10, 12 to 15, 17, 18, 20, and 21 contain a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, aluminum, and titanium. Only the diffraction peaks due to the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and the Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure phase were detected. On the other hand, the diffraction peaks due to the aluminum oxide phase, the titanium oxide phase, and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved were not detected.
- the polished surfaces of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 7, 9, 10, 12 to 15, 17, 18, 20, and 21 were analyzed by SEM and EPMA.
- aluminum and titanium form a zinc compound, it was confirmed that the present as particles of ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure. Further, it was confirmed that these particles coexist with particles of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- the average particle size of each particle was determined in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 6 shows the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the transparent oxide conductive films of Comparative Examples 7, 9, 10, and 12 to 21.
- the generation phases of the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 7, 9, 10, 12 to 21 were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 7, 9, 10, and 12 to 21 were all composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Comparative Examples 8 and 11 The above-described titanium oxide powder and zinc oxide powder were blended so that Ti and Zn had an atomic ratio of Comparative Examples 8 and 11 in Table 4, mixed by a wet bead mill, and spray-dried. The average particle size was 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the obtained powder was molded using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa) and then CIP-molded at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa). Was made. This molded body was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 5 to obtain composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 8 and 11.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 8 and 11 were evaluated. As a result, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 8 and 11, the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, ZnTiO 3 type similar structure containing titanium and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure Only the diffraction peak due to the phase was detected. On the other hand, no diffraction peak due to the titanium oxide phase was detected.
- the polished surfaces of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 8 and 11 were analyzed by SEM and EPMA, and particles of a ZnTiO 3 type-like structure and a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type-like structure and hexagonal wurtzite were obtained.
- the average particle size of the particles in the mold structure phase was determined in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 8 and 11 were as shown in Table 4.
- Comparative Examples 8 and 11 were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 6.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Comparative Examples 8 and 11 were used, respectively, and a film was formed by DC magnetron sputtering to obtain oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 8 and 11.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- Table 6 shows the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 8 and 11.
- the production phases of the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 8 and 11 were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 8 and 11 were both composed only of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 22 to 24 were evaluated. As a result, in the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 22 to 24, the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure containing aluminum and titanium, and the Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type Only diffraction peaks due to similar structural phases were detected. On the other hand, the diffraction peaks due to the aluminum oxide phase, the titanium oxide phase, and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved were not detected.
- the polished surfaces of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 22 to 24 were analyzed by SEM and EPMA. As a result, it was confirmed that aluminum and titanium formed a compound with zinc and existed as particles of a ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure. Further, it was confirmed that these particles coexist with particles of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase. The average particle size of each particle was determined in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 22 to 24 are as shown in Table 4.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Comparative Examples 22 to 24 were produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 6.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Comparative Examples 22 to 24 were used to form films by the DC magnetron sputtering method, and oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 22 to 24 were obtained.
- the sputtering film forming conditions of Comparative Example 23 were as follows.
- the sputtering film forming conditions in Comparative Examples 22 and 24 were the same as those in Example 1.
- the obtained powder was molded at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa) using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm and then CIP at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa). It shape
- This molded body was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 5 to produce a composite oxide sintered body.
- the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 25 was evaluated.
- the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 25 ZnTiO 3 type similar containing hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, aluminum and titanium structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure
- a diffraction peak due to the phase and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved was observed.
- the diffraction peak resulting from an aluminum oxide phase and a titanium oxide phase was not detected. Thereby, it was confirmed that the composite oxide phase of aluminum and zinc and the composite oxide phase of titanium and zinc coexist.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 25 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 6.
- Example 25 In the same manner as in Example 1, using the sputtering target of Comparative Example 25, a film was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain a transparent oxide conductive film of Comparative Example 25.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive film were as shown in Table 6.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 25 was composed only of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- the preliminarily mixed powders A and B, zinc oxide powder, and wet ball mill were mixed so that Al, Ti, and Zn had the compositions shown in Table 6.
- polyvinyl alcohol was added so that it might become 1 weight% with respect to the total weight of raw material powder in conversion of solid content.
- the obtained powder was molded at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa) using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm and then CIP at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa). It shape
- This molded body was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 5 to produce a composite oxide sintered body.
- the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 26 was evaluated.
- the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 26 ZnTiO 3 type similar containing hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, aluminum and titanium structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure
- a diffraction peak due to the phase and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved was observed.
- the diffraction peak resulting from an aluminum oxide phase and a titanium oxide phase was not detected. Thereby, it was confirmed that the composite oxide phase of aluminum and zinc and the composite oxide phase of titanium and zinc coexist.
- Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 26 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 6.
- Example 26 In the same manner as in Example 1, using the sputtering target of Comparative Example 26, a film was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain a transparent oxide conductive film of Comparative Example 26.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive film were as shown in Table 6.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 26 was composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Example 40 to 78 The mixing ratio of the aluminum oxide powder and the titanium oxide powder when obtaining the mixed powder (A) was the atomic ratio described in Table 7, and the mixed powder (B) and the oxidation were obtained when obtaining the mixed powder (C). Molded bodies of Examples 40 to 78 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio with the zinc powder was changed to the atomic ratio described in Table 7. This compact was fired under the sintering conditions shown in Table 8 to obtain composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 40 to 78.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 40 to 78 were evaluated. As a result, in the composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 40 to 78, the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure containing aluminum and titanium, and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 Only the diffraction peak due to the type-like structural phase was detected. On the other hand, the diffraction peaks due to the aluminum oxide phase, the titanium oxide phase, and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved were not detected.
- the polished surfaces of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 40 to 78 were analyzed by SEM and EPMA. As a result, it was confirmed that aluminum and titanium formed a compound with zinc and existed as particles of a ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure. Further, it was confirmed that these particles coexist with particles of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase. The average particle size of each particle was determined by the method described above. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Examples 40 to 78 are as shown in Table 7.
- Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Examples 40 to 78 were produced and evaluated. The results were as shown in Table 9. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, using the sputtering targets of Examples 40 to 78, films were formed by the DC magnetron sputtering method, respectively, and oxide transparent conductive films of Examples 40 to 78 were obtained. The sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 9.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive films of Examples 40 to 78 were as shown in Table 9.
- the production phases of the oxide transparent conductive films of Examples 40 to 78 were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive films of Examples 40 to 78 were all composed only of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 27 was evaluated. As a result, only the diffraction peak due to the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide was detected in the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 27. The average particle diameter of the composite oxide sintered body was determined in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 27 were as shown in Table 10.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 27 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 12.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 27 was used, and each film was formed by DC magnetron sputtering to obtain an oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 27.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the transparent oxide conductive film of Comparative Example 1 were as shown in Table 12.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 27 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 27 was composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 28 to 31 were evaluated. As a result, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 28 to 31 were caused by the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved. Only diffraction peaks that were detected were detected. On the other hand, no diffraction peak due to the aluminum oxide phase was detected. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 28 to 31 are as shown in Table 12.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Comparative Examples 28 to 31 were prepared and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 12.
- Example 12 shows the resistance, transmittance and durability of the transparent oxide conductive films of Comparative Examples 28 to 31.
- Comparative Example 32 The above-described titanium oxide powder and zinc oxide powder were blended so that Ti and Zn had an atomic ratio of Comparative Example 32 in Table 10, mixed by a wet bead mill, and spray-dried. The average particle size was 1 ⁇ m or less. The obtained powder was molded using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa) and then CIP-molded at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa). Was made. This molded body was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 11 to obtain a composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 32.
- Example 32 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 32 was evaluated. As a result, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 32, the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure phase containing titanium Only the resulting diffraction peak was detected. On the other hand, no diffraction peak due to the titanium oxide phase was detected.
- the polished surface of the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 32 was analyzed by SEM and EPMA, and ZnTiO 3 type similar structure particles and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure particles and a hexagonal wurtzite structure were obtained.
- the average particle size of the phase particles was determined in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 32 were as shown in Table 10.
- Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 1, using the sputtering target of Comparative Example 32, a film was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain an oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 32.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the transparent oxide conductive film of Comparative Example 32 were as shown in Table 12.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 32 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 32 was composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 33, 35, 36, 38 to 41, 43, 44, 46, and 47 contain a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, aluminum, and titanium. Only the diffraction peaks due to the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and the Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure phase were detected. On the other hand, the diffraction peaks due to the aluminum oxide phase, the titanium oxide phase, and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved were not detected.
- the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure containing aluminum and titanium, and Zn 2 Ti 3 O In addition to the diffraction peaks attributed to the type 8 similar structure phase, the diffraction peaks attributed to the aluminum oxide phase, the titanium oxide phase, and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved were detected to the extent of traces.
- the polished surfaces of these composite oxide sintered bodies were analyzed by SEM and EPMA. The average particle size of the particles was determined in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the generation phases of the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 33, 35, 36, and 38 to 47 were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive films of Comparative Examples 33, 35, 36, and 38 to 47 were all composed only of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 34 and 37 were evaluated. As a result, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 34 and 37, the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, and ZnTiO 3 type similar structure containing titanium and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar Only diffraction peaks due to the structural phase were detected. On the other hand, no diffraction peak due to the titanium oxide phase was detected.
- the polished surfaces of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 34 and 37 were analyzed by SEM and EPMA, and particles of ZnTiO 3 type-like structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type-like structure, and hexagonal wurtzite were obtained.
- the average particle size of the particles in the mold structure phase was determined in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 34 and 37 are as shown in Table 10.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Comparative Examples 34 and 37 were prepared and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 12.
- Example 12 shows the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the transparent oxide conductive films of Comparative Examples 34 and 37.
- Comparative Examples 48 to 50 As described above, the zinc oxide powder, the aluminum oxide powder, and the titanium oxide powder were respectively mixed so that Zn, Al, and Ti had an atomic ratio of Comparative Examples 48 to 50 shown in Table 10 and mixed by a wet ball mill. In that case, polyvinyl alcohol was added so that it might become 1 weight% with respect to the total weight of raw material powder in conversion of solid content. After spray drying, the obtained powder was CIP molded at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa) and degreased at 500 ° C. in the air to obtain a molded body. This compact was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 11 to obtain composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 48 to 50.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 48 to 50 were evaluated. As a result, in the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 48 to 50, the hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, the ZnTiO 3 type similar structure containing aluminum and titanium, and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 Only the diffraction peak due to the type-like structural phase was detected. On the other hand, the diffraction peaks due to the aluminum oxide phase, the titanium oxide phase, and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved were not detected.
- the polished surfaces of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 48 to 50 were analyzed by SEM and EPMA. As a result, it was confirmed that aluminum and titanium formed a compound with zinc and existed as particles of a ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure. Further, it was confirmed that these particles coexist with particles of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase. The average particle size of each particle was determined in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results of the composite oxide sintered bodies of Comparative Examples 48 to 50 are as shown in Table 12.
- Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering targets of Comparative Examples 48 to 50 were produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 12.
- the obtained powder was molded at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa) using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm and then CIP at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa). It shape
- This compact was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 11 to produce a composite oxide sintered body.
- Example 1 the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 51 was evaluated.
- the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 51 ZnTiO 3 type similar containing hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, aluminum and titanium structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure
- a diffraction peak due to the phase and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved was observed.
- the diffraction peak resulting from an aluminum oxide phase and a titanium oxide phase was not detected. Thereby, it was confirmed that the composite oxide phase of aluminum and zinc and the composite oxide phase of titanium and zinc coexist.
- Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 51 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 12.
- Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 1, using the sputtering target of Comparative Example 51, a film was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain an oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 51.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive film were as shown in Table 12.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 51 was composed only of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- the premixed mixed powders A and B, zinc oxide powder, and wet ball mill were mixed so that Al, Ti, and Zn had the compositions shown in Table 10.
- polyvinyl alcohol was added so that it might become 1 weight% with respect to the total weight of raw material powder in conversion of solid content.
- the obtained powder was molded at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa) using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm and then CIP at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa). It shape
- This compact was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 11 to produce a composite oxide sintered body.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 52 was evaluated. As a result, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 52, ZnTiO 3 type similar containing hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, aluminum and titanium structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure A diffraction peak due to the phase and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved was observed. On the other hand, the diffraction peak resulting from an aluminum oxide phase and a titanium oxide phase was not detected. Thereby, it was confirmed that the composite oxide phase of aluminum and zinc and the composite oxide phase of titanium and zinc coexist.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, a sputtering target of Comparative Example 52 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 12.
- Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 1, using the sputtering target of Comparative Example 52, a film was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain an oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 52.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive film were as shown in Table 12.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 52 was composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- Comparative Example 53 The mixing ratio of the aluminum oxide powder and the titanium oxide powder when obtaining the mixed powder (A) was the atomic ratio described in Table 10, and the mixed powder (B) and the oxidation were obtained when obtaining the mixed powder (C).
- a molded body of Comparative Example 53 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending ratio with the zinc powder was changed to the atomic ratio described in Table 10. This molded body was fired under the sintering conditions shown in Table 11 to obtain a composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 53.
- the polished surface of the composite oxide sintered body was analyzed by SEM and EPMA. As a result, it was confirmed that aluminum and titanium formed a compound with zinc and existed as particles of a ZnTiO 3 type similar structure and a Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure. Further, it was confirmed that these particles coexist with particles of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase. The average particle size of each particle was determined by the method described above. Table 10 shows the evaluation results of the complex oxide sintered body.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, a sputtering target of Comparative Example 53 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 12.
- Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 1, the sputtering target of Comparative Example 53 was used, and each film was formed by DC magnetron sputtering to obtain an oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 53.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 53 were as shown in Table 12.
- the formation phase of the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 53 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 53 was composed of only a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- the obtained powder was molded using a mold having a diameter of 150 mm at 0.3 ton / cm 2 (29.42 MPa), then CIP molded at 3.0 ton / cm 2 (294.2 MPa), and in the atmosphere. And degreased at 500 ° C. to produce a molded body.
- This compact was sintered under the conditions shown in Table 11 to produce a composite oxide sintered body.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 54 was evaluated. As a result, the composite oxide sintered body of Comparative Example 54, ZnTiO 3 type similar containing hexagonal wurtzite structure phase containing zinc oxide, aluminum and titanium structure and Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 type similar structure A diffraction peak due to the phase and the spinel oxide phase of zinc aluminate in which zinc and aluminum were dissolved was observed. On the other hand, the diffraction peak resulting from an aluminum oxide phase and a titanium oxide phase was not detected.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, a sputtering target of Comparative Example 54 was produced and evaluated. The number of abnormal discharges that occurred per hour during sputtering was as shown in “Discharge characteristics” in Table 12.
- Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 1, using the sputtering target of Comparative Example 54, a film was formed by a DC magnetron sputtering method to obtain an oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 54.
- the sputtering film formation conditions are the same as in Example 1.
- the resistance, transmittance, and durability of the oxide transparent conductive film were as shown in Table 12.
- the production phase of the oxide transparent conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the oxide transparent conductive film of Comparative Example 54 was composed only of a hexagonal wurtzite structure phase.
- the oxide transparent conductive film has the following resistance, light transmittance, and durability, it is judged that it can withstand practical use without causing a major problem in device design. That is, when the resistance is measured by the method shown in Examples, it is desired that the film resistance is 1000 nm or less and the sheet resistance is 30 ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the light transmittance is the transmittance of the film itself when measured by the method shown in the examples.
- the average value in the visible wavelength range (400 to 800 nm) and the infrared wavelength range (800 to 1200 nm) is 80%. It is desirable that it is the above.
- durability it is desired that the change (increase) in resistance is 30% or less by the method based on the durability test shown in the Examples.
- Examples 1 to 17 When comparing Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 14, the abnormal discharge phenomenon during sputtering is reduced in the Examples. In addition, Examples 1 to 17 have lower resistance, higher transmittance, and superior durability.
- Example 2 and Comparative Examples 15 to 17, Example 6 and Comparative Examples 18 to 20, and Example 10 and Comparative Examples 25 to 26 are compared, respectively, even if the composition is within the range of the present invention, the composite oxide firing is performed. If the average grain size and crystal phase of each crystal phase in the aggregate are different, abnormal discharge phenomenon during sputtering increases.
- FIG. 2 is a plot of values for these examples and comparative examples, with Ti / (Zn + Al + Ti) on the horizontal axis and sheet resistance on the vertical axis.
- FIG. 3 is a plot of values for these examples and comparative examples, with Ti / (Zn + Al + Ti) as the horizontal axis and durability as the vertical axis.
- Comparative Example 6 is much inferior to the durability that is judged to be practical.
- the comparative example 33 is less than the transmittance determined to be practical.
- FIG. 4 is a plot of values of these examples and comparative examples, with Al / (Zn + Al + Ti) as the horizontal axis, the infrared transmittance as the left vertical axis, and the durability value as the right vertical axis. .
- the transmittance is lower than the transmittance.
- FIG. 5 is a plot of values of these examples and comparative examples, with Al / (Zn + Al + Ti) as the horizontal axis, the transmittance in the infrared region as the left vertical axis, and the sheet resistance value as the right vertical axis. .
- a sputtering target capable of producing an oxide transparent conductive film while suppressing abnormal discharge during sputtering, and a composite oxide sintered body used therefor.
- the manufactured oxide transparent conductive film is excellent not only in the visible region but also in the infrared region and has excellent durability. For this reason, for example, solar energy in the infrared region can be used with high efficiency by being used in a solar cell. For this reason, a solar cell with high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be provided.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(Al+Ti)/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.004~0.055 (1)
Al/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.025 (2)
Ti/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.048 (3)
(Al+Ti)/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.004~0.055 (1)
Al/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.025 (2)
Ti/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.048 (3)
[上記式(1)、(2)及び(3)中、Al,Ti,Znは、それぞれアルミニウム、チタン及び亜鉛の含有量(原子%)を示す。]
図1は、本実施形態の複合酸化物焼結体を模式的に示す斜視図である。本実施形態の複合酸化物焼結体2は、主として亜鉛、アルミニウム、チタン及び酸素から構成される。すなわち、複合酸化物焼結体2は、主な元素として亜鉛、アルミニウム、チタン及び酸素を含有する。複合酸化物焼結体2に含まれる全ての陽イオン元素に対する亜鉛、アルミニウム、及びチタンの合計の含有量は、97原子%以上である。この含有量は、一層高い特性を有する酸化物透明導電膜を得る観点から、好ましくは98原子%以上であり、より好ましくは99原子%以上であり、さらに好ましくは100原子%である。このように、複合酸化物焼結体2は、亜鉛、アルミニウム、チタン及び酸素とは異なる元素を含有していてもよいが、その量は少ない方が好ましい。
(Al+Ti)/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.004~0.055 (1)
Al/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.025 (2)
Ti/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.048 (3)
ここで、上記式(1)、(2)及び(3)中、Al,Ti,Znは、それぞれアルミニウム、チタン及び亜鉛の含有量(原子%)を示す。
Ax/(Ax+Ay)=0.05~1
これによって、スパッタリング中の異常放電をさらに抑制することが可能となる。
Ax=Ix(210)×(100/45)
Ay=I(x+y)-Ax
A=(a+b+c)/((a/5.68)+(b/3.99)+(c/4.2))
相対密度(%)=(B/A)×100
アルミニウム源となる粉末とチタン源となる粉末を予備混合して仮焼し、平均粒径が1μm以下である混合粉末を得る仮焼工程と、
混合粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを所定の原子比になるように混合し、成形用粉末を調製する粉末調製工程と、
成形用粉末を成形して成形体を作製する成形工程と、
成形体を焼成して焼結体を作製する焼成工程と、を有する。以下、各工程の詳細を説明する。
アルミニウム源及びチタン源となる原料粉末は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、アルミニウム又はチタンを含む、金属酸化物粉末、金属水酸化物粉末、塩化物、硝酸塩、炭酸塩等の金属塩粉末、金属アルコキシド等を用いることが可能である。取扱性を考慮すると金属酸化物粉末が好ましい。亜鉛源となる原料粉末は、安価で取り扱い性に優れた高純度の粉末が入手可能である。したがって、酸化亜鉛粉末を原料として用いる。なお、アルミニウム源、チタン源として金属酸化物粉末以外を用いた場合に、粉末をあらかじめ大気中等の酸化性雰囲気で加熱処理等を施して金属酸化物粉末として用いても同様の効果が得られる。ただし、加熱処理等の操作が必要となり、工程が煩雑となる。このため、原料粉末として金属酸化物粉末を用いることが好ましい。
Dbz=6/(S×5.68)
Dba=6/(S×3.99)
Dbt=6/(S×4.2)
なお、それぞれの粉末の平均粒径は、COULTER LS130(商品名、COULTER ELECTRONICS社製)を用い、蒸留水中、液体モジュールで測定される。測定値は体積基準である。
次いで、仮焼工程で得られた、平均粒径が1μm以下である混合粉末に、最終組成となるように亜鉛源として酸化亜鉛粉末を混合して、成形用粉末を得る。ここで、亜鉛源として、酸化亜鉛粉末を用いることにより、工程の煩雑さや粉末処理等の付随作業を低減することが可能となる。酸化亜鉛以外の亜鉛化合物、例えば、硝酸塩、塩化物、炭酸塩等は、仮焼して酸化物としてから使用する。これら粉末の粒径は、取扱性を考慮すると平均粒径は好ましくは1.5μm以下であり、より好ましくは0.1~1.5μmである。このような粉末を使用することにより、焼結体密度の改善効果が得られる。特に成形用粉末は、平均粒径1μm以下としておくことが好ましい。これによって、焼結性を向上させることができる。
(Al+Ti)/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.004~0.055 (1)
Al/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.025 (2)
Ti/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.048 (3)
成形方法は、成形用粉末を目的とした形状に成形できれば特に限定されるものではない。プレス成形法、鋳込成形法、射出成形法等が例示できる。成形圧力はクラック等の発生がなく、取り扱いが可能な成形体が得られれば特に限定されるものではない。比較的高い成形圧力で、例えばプレス成形の場合、500kg/cm2~3.0ton/cm2(49.0333~294.2MPa)で成形すると、複合酸化物焼結体2において、酸化アルミニウム粒子や酸化チタン粒子が存在しないものが得られやすく、また相対密度80%以上のものが得られやすい。成形密度は可能な限り高めた方が好ましい。そのために冷間静水圧(CIP)成形等の方法を用いることも可能である。なお、成形に際しては、ポリビニルアルコール、アクリル系ポリマー、メチルセルロース、ワックス類、オレイン酸等の成形助剤を用いてもよい。
次に得られた成形体を800~1500℃で焼成する。この温度範囲で焼成することにより、微細な平均粒径を有する粒子からなる複合酸化物焼結体2を得ることが可能である。酸化亜鉛系複合酸化物に特有の揮発消失が抑制し、かつ焼結密度を高める点から、焼成温度は900~1400℃の範囲がより好ましい。また焼成温度を900~1400℃とすると、酸化アルミニウム粒子及び酸化チタン粒子が存在せず、相対密度80%以上の複合酸化物焼結体2が得られやすい。1500℃を上回る温度で焼成すると複合酸化物焼結体中の平均粒径の増加が著しくなる。このため、スパッタリングターゲットとして用いたときにスパッタリング中の異常放電現象が著しく多くなる。
本実施形態のスパッタリングターゲットは、複合酸化物焼結体2からなることを特徴とする。このようなスパッタリングターゲットを用いたスパッタリングによって成膜された酸化物透明導電膜は、抵抗率が低く、可視域だけでなく赤外域においても光透過性に優れ、さらに耐久性にも優れる。また、このようなスパッタリングターゲットは、成膜時の放電特性に優れ、異常放電が抑制され安定した成膜を可能とする。
本実施形態の酸化物透明導電膜は、例えば上記スパッタリングターゲットを用いたスパッタリングにより製造することができる。
用いた原料粉末の物性は次の通りである。酸化亜鉛粉末の純度は99.8重量%、BET比表面積は4m2/g、平均粒径Dszは2.4μmである。酸化アルミニウム粉末の純度は99.99重量%、BET比表面積は14m2/g、平均粒径Dsaは1.6μmである。酸化チタン粉末の純度は99.9重量%、BET比表面積は6.5m2/g、平均粒径Dstは2.2μmである。
MONOSORB(米国QUANTACHROME社製)を用い、BET式1点法により測定した。
COULTER LS130(COULTER ELECTRONICS社製)を用い、蒸留水中、液体モジュールで測定した。測定値は体積基準である。
(組成)
ICP発光分析法により定量した。
(焼結体の密度)
複合酸化物焼結体の密度は、JIS-R1634-1998に準拠してアルキメデス法で測定した。相対密度は、測定した密度と理論密度とから算出した。
(平均粒径)
複合酸化物焼結体中の各粒子の平均粒径は、次の手順で求めた。複合酸化物焼結体を適当な大きさに切断した後、表面研磨した。この研磨面を、希酢酸溶液を用いてケミカルエッチングして、粒界を明確化した。この試料を、SEM及びEPMAを用いて、研磨面の写真を撮影するとともに各粒子の組成を確認した。六方晶系ウルツ型構造を有する粒子並びにZnTiO3型類似構造及び/又はZn2Ti3O8型類似構造を有する粒子を同定し、それぞれの構造について、500個の粒子の長径を測定して算術平均を求めた。この値を平均粒径とした。
(X線回折試験)
測定条件は以下の通りである。
・X線源 :CuKα
・パワー :40kV、40mA
・走査速度 :1°/分
(中心線平均粗さ)
スパッタリングターゲットのスパッタリング面を測定面とし、表面性状測定装置(ミツトヨ社製、商品名:SV-3100)で評価し、中心線平均粗さRaを求めた。
(放電特性)
下記スパッタリング条件下で1時間当たりに生じた異常放電回数を算出した。
<スパッタリング条件>
・装置 :DCマグネトロンスパッタリング装置(アルバック社製)
・磁界強度 :1000Gauss(ターゲット直上、水平成分)
・基板温度 :室温(約25℃)
・到達真空度 :5×10-5Pa
・スパッタリングガス :アルゴン
・スパッタリングガス圧:0.5Pa
・DCパワー :300W
・スパッタリング時間 :30時間
(透過率)
基板とその上に形成された酸化物透明導電膜との一体化物の光透過率を、分光光度計U-4100(商品名、日立製作所社製)を用いて波長240nmから2600nmの範囲で測定した。波長400nmから800nmの透過率の平均値を可視域の透過率とし、波長800nmから1200nmの透過率の平均値を赤外域の透過率とした。酸化物透明導電膜の透過率は、下式により求めた。
酸化物透明導電膜の抵抗(シート抵抗)は、HL5500(商品名、日本バイオ・ラッド ラボラトリーズ社製)を用いて測定した。
酸化物透明導電膜の試料を温度85℃、相対湿度85%の環境に連続的に1000時間まで曝し、抵抗率の変化を観察した。このとき、試験前後の抵抗率をそれぞれA、Bとしたときに、(B-A)/Aの値を%単位で求めた値を耐久性(信頼性)の指標とした。通常、この値は試験時間の経過とともに増加傾向にある。この値が小さいほど耐久性が優れていることを示している。
(複合酸化物焼結体の作製)
上述の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末とを、AlとTiとが表1の原子比となるように配合して乾式ボールミルで混合し、混合粉末(A)を得た。この混合粉末(A)を、大気中、1000℃で仮焼した後に、粉砕して平均粒径が1μm以下である混合粉末(B)を得た。次いで、この混合粉末(B)に、Al、Ti及びZnが表1の原子比となるように上述の酸化亜鉛粉末を追加して湿式ビーズミルで混合し、噴霧乾燥して混合粉末(C)を得た。この混合粉末(C)の平均粒径は1μm以下であった。得られた混合粉末(C)を、直径150mmの金型を用いて0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を以下の条件で焼結して、実施例1の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
・昇温速度 :50℃/時間
・焼結温度 :1200℃
・保持時間 :3時間
・焼結雰囲気:窒素
・降温速度 :100℃/時間
複合酸化物焼結体の相対密度は、表1に示すとおりであった。得られた複合酸化物焼結体を粉砕し、X線回折試験により生成相を同定した。その結果、酸化亜鉛を含有する六方晶系ウルツ型構造相、アルミニウム及びチタンを含有するZnTiO3型類似構造及びZn2Ti3O8型類似構造相に起因する回折ピークのみが検出された。一方、酸化アルミニウム相、酸化チタン相、及び亜鉛とアルミニウムが固溶したアルミニウム酸亜鉛のスピネル酸化物相に起因する回折ピークは検出されなかった。
実施例1の複合酸化物焼結体を4インチφサイズに加工してスパッタリングターゲットを得た。このスパッタリングターゲットの一面を、平面研削盤とダイヤモンド砥石を用い、砥石の番手を変えることにより、中心線平均粗さを調整して、スパッタリング面とした。スパッタリング面の中心線平均粗さは、表3に示すとおりであった。また、スパッタリング時に、1時間あたりに生じた異常放電回数は、表3の「放電特性」に示すとおりであった。
・装置 :DCマグネトロンスパッタ装置
・磁界強度 :1000Gauss(ターゲット直上、水平成分)
・基板温度 :200℃
・到達真空度 :5×10-5Pa
・スパッタリングガス :アルゴン
・スパッタリングガス圧:0.5Pa
・DCパワー :300W
・膜厚 :1000nm
・使用基板 :無アルカリガラス(コーニング社製、#1737ガラス、厚さ:0.7mm)
実施例1の酸化物透明導電膜の生成相を、複合酸化物焼結体のX線回折試験と同一の方法にて測定した。その結果、この酸化物透明導電膜は六方晶系ウルツ型構造相のみで構成されていた。
混合粉末(A)を得る際の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末と配合割合を表1に記載された原子比としたこと、及び、混合粉末(C)を得る際に混合粉末(B)と酸化亜鉛粉末との配合割合を表1に記載された原子比としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例2~36の成形体を得た。この成形体を、表2の焼結条件で焼成して、実施例2~36の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
(複合酸化物焼結体の作製)
上述した酸化亜鉛粉末を乾式ボールミルで粉砕し、平均粒径を1μm以下とした。この粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表5に示す条件で焼結して、比較例1の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述した酸化アルミニウム粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、AlとZnとが表4の比較例2~5の原子比となるようにそれぞれ配合して湿式ビーズミルで混合し、噴霧乾燥した。平均粒径は1μm以下であった。得られた粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表5に示す条件でそれぞれ焼結して、比較例2~5の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述した酸化チタン粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、TiとZnとが表4の比較例6の原子比となるように配合して湿式ビーズミルで混合し、噴霧乾燥した。平均粒径は1μm以下であった。得られた粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表5に示す条件で焼結して、比較例6の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
混合粉末(A)を得る際の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末と配合割合を表4に記載された原子比としたこと、及び、混合粉末(C)を得る際に混合粉末(B)と酸化亜鉛粉末との配合割合を表4に記載された原子比としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして比較例7,9,10,12~21の成形体を得た。この成形体を、表5の焼結条件で焼成して、比較例7,9,10,12~21の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述した酸化チタン粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、TiとZnとが表4の比較例8、11の原子比となるように配合して湿式ビーズミルで混合し、噴霧乾燥した。平均粒径は1μm以下であった。得られた粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表5に示す条件で焼結して、比較例8,11の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述したと酸化亜鉛粉末と酸化アルミニウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末とを、ZnとAlとTiとが表4の比較例22~24の原子比となるようにそれぞれ配合して湿式ボールミルで混合した。その際、ポリビニルアルコールを固形分換算で原料粉末の総重量に対して1重量%となるように添加した。噴霧乾燥した後、得られた粉末を3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形し、大気中、500℃で脱脂して成形体を得た。この成形体を表5に示す条件で焼結して、比較例22~24の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
・装置 :DCマグネトロンスパッタ装置
・磁界強度 :1000Gauss(ターゲット直上、水平成分)
・基板温度 :25℃
・到達真空度 :5×10-5Pa
・スパッタリングガス :アルゴン
・スパッタリングガス圧:0.5Pa
・DCパワー :300W
・膜厚 :1000nm
・使用基板 :無アルカリガラス(コーニング社製,#1737ガラス,厚さ:0.7mm)
上述の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末とを、AlとTiとが表4の原子比となるように秤量した。これらの粉末と、酸化アルミニウムと酸化チタンの合計モル数と同モル数の酸化亜鉛とを、配合して湿式ボールミルで混合し、乾燥して混合粉末を得た。この混合粉末を大気中、1000℃で仮焼し、仮焼粉末を得た。この仮焼粉末に、Al,Ti,Znが表4の原子比となるように酸化亜鉛粉末を追加し、湿式ボールミル混合した。その際、ポリビニルアルコールを固形分換算で原料粉末の総重量に対して1重量%となるように添加した。噴霧乾燥した後、得られた粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形し、大気中、500℃で脱脂して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表5に示す条件で焼結して、複合酸化物焼結体を作製した。
上述の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、同モル数となるように湿式ボールミルで混合した後、乾燥して混合粉末Aを得た。この混合粉末Aを大気中、1000℃で仮焼した。次に、上述の酸化チタン粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、同モル数となるように湿式ボールミルで混合した後、乾燥して混合粉末Bを得た。この混合粉末Bを大気中、1000℃で仮焼した。
混合粉末(A)を得る際の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末と配合割合を表7に記載された原子比としたこと、及び、混合粉末(C)を得る際に混合粉末(B)と酸化亜鉛粉末との配合割合を表7に記載された原子比としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例40~78の成形体を得た。この成形体を、表8の焼結条件で焼成して、実施例40~78の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
(複合酸化物焼結体の作製)
上述した酸化亜鉛粉末を乾式ボールミルで粉砕し、平均粒径を1μm以下とした。この粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表11に示す条件で焼結して、比較例27の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述した酸化アルミニウム粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、AlとZnとが表10の比較例28~31の原子比となるようにそれぞれ配合して湿式ビーズミルで混合し、噴霧乾燥した。平均粒径は1μm以下であった。得られた粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表11に示す条件でそれぞれ焼結して、比較例28~31の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述した酸化チタン粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、TiとZnとが表10の比較例32の原子比となるように配合して湿式ビーズミルで混合し、噴霧乾燥した。平均粒径は1μm以下であった。得られた粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表11に示す条件で焼結して、比較例32の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
混合粉末(A)を得る際の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末と配合割合を表10に記載された原子比としたこと、及び、混合粉末(C)を得る際に混合粉末(B)と酸化亜鉛粉末との配合割合を表10に記載された原子比としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして比較例33,35,36,38~47の成形体を得た。この成形体を、表5の焼結条件で焼成して、比較例33,35,36,38~47の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述した酸化チタン粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、TiとZnとが表10の比較例34、37の原子比となるようにそれぞれ配合して湿式ビーズミルで混合し、噴霧乾燥した。平均粒径は1μm以下であった。得られた粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表11に示す条件で焼結して、比較例34,37の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述したと酸化亜鉛粉末と酸化アルミニウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末とを、ZnとAlとTiとが表10の比較例48~50の原子比となるようにそれぞれ配合して湿式ボールミルで混合した。その際、ポリビニルアルコールを固形分換算で原料粉末の総重量に対して1重量%となるように添加した。噴霧乾燥した後、得られた粉末を3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形し、大気中、500℃で脱脂して成形体を得た。この成形体を表11に示す条件で焼結して、比較例48~50の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
・装置 :DCマグネトロンスパッタ装置
・磁界強度 :1000Gauss(ターゲット直上、水平成分)
・基板温度 :25℃
・到達真空度 :5×10-5Pa
・スパッタリングガス :アルゴン
・スパッタリングガス圧:0.5Pa
・DCパワー :300W
・膜厚 :1000nm
・使用基板 :無アルカリガラス(コーニング社製,#1737ガラス,厚さ:0.7mm)
上述の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末とを、AlとTiとが表10の原子比となるように秤量した。これらの粉末と、酸化アルミニウムと酸化チタンの合計モル数と同モル数の酸化亜鉛とを、配合して湿式ボールミルで混合し、乾燥して混合粉末を得た。この混合粉末を大気中、1000℃で仮焼し、仮焼粉末を得た。この仮焼粉末に、Al,Ti,Znが表10の原子比となるように酸化亜鉛粉末を追加し、湿式ボールミル混合した。その際、ポリビニルアルコールを固形分換算で原料粉末の総重量に対して1重量%となるように添加した。
上述の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、同モル数となるように湿式ボールミルで混合した後、乾燥して混合粉末Aを得た。この混合粉末Aを大気中、1000℃で仮焼した。次に、上述の酸化チタン粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、同モル数となるように湿式ボールミルで混合した後、乾燥して混合粉末Bを得た。この混合粉末Bを大気中、1000℃で仮焼した。
混合粉末(A)を得る際の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化チタン粉末と配合割合を表10に記載された原子比としたこと、及び、混合粉末(C)を得る際に混合粉末(B)と酸化亜鉛粉末との配合割合を表10に記載された原子比としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして比較例53の成形体を得た。この成形体を、表11の焼結条件で焼成して、比較例53の複合酸化物焼結体を得た。
上述の酸化アルミウム粉末と酸化亜鉛粉末とを、AlとZnとが表10の原子比となるように湿式ビーズミルで混合した後、乾燥して混合粉末を得た。この混合粉末を大気中、1400℃で仮焼した後、粉砕して平均粒径が1μm以下である仮焼粉末を調整した。この仮焼粉末に、Al,Zn,Tiが表10の原子比となるように酸化チタン粉末を追加し、乾式ボールミルで混合した。混合後の平均粒径は1μm以下であった。得られた粉末を直径150mmの金型を用いて、0.3ton/cm2(29.42MPa)で金型成形し、次いで3.0ton/cm2(294.2MPa)でCIP成形し、大気中、500℃で脱脂して成形体を作製した。この成形体を表11に示す条件で焼結して、複合酸化物焼結体を作製した。
Claims (7)
- 主として亜鉛、アルミニウム、チタン及び酸素から構成される複合酸化物焼結体であって、
当該焼結体を構成する元素の原子比が、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満たし、
主成分として酸化亜鉛を含有し平均粒径が20μm以下の六方晶系ウルツ型構造を有する粒子、並びに
アルミニウム及びチタンを含有し平均粒径が5μm以下のZnTiO3型類似構造及び/又はZn2Ti3O8型類似構造を有する粒子、からなり、
亜鉛とアルミニウムが固溶したアルミニウム酸亜鉛のスピネル酸化物構造を有する粒子を含有しない、複合酸化物焼結体。
(Al+Ti)/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.004~0.055 (1)
Al/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.025 (2)
Ti/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.048 (3)
[上記式(1)、(2)及び(3)中、Al,Ti,Znは、それぞれアルミニウム、チタン及び亜鉛の含有量(原子%)を示す。] - 酸化アルミニウム粒子及び酸化チタン粒子を含有しない、請求項1に記載の複合酸化物焼結体。
- アルミニウム源となる粉末とチタン源となる粉末を予備混合して仮焼し、平均粒径が1μm以下である第1の混合粉末を得る工程と、
前記第1の混合粉末に酸化亜鉛粉末を追加して混合し、金属元素の原子比で表して下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満たす第2の混合粉末を得る工程と、
前記第2の混合粉末を成形して800~1500℃で焼成し、請求項1又は2に記載の複合酸化物焼結体を得る工程と、を有する、複合酸化物焼結体の製造方法。
(Al+Ti)/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.004~0.055 (1)
Al/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.025 (2)
Ti/(Zn+Al+Ti)=0.002~0.048 (3)
[上記式(1)、(2)及び(3)中、Al,Ti,Znは、それぞれアルミニウム、チタン及び亜鉛の含有量(原子%)を示す。] - 請求項1又は2に記載の複合酸化物焼結体からなるスパッタリングターゲット。
- 中心線平均粗さRaが3μm以下であるスパッタリング面を有する、請求項4に記載のスパッタリングターゲット。
- 請求項4又は5に記載のスパッタリングターゲットを用いてスパッタリングする工程を有する、酸化物透明導電膜の製造方法。
- 請求項6の製造方法で得られる酸化物透明導電膜。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/876,080 US9111663B2 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2011-09-27 | Sintered composite oxide, manufacturing method therefor, sputtering target, transparent conductive oxide film, and manufacturing method therefor |
KR1020137010295A KR101859787B1 (ko) | 2010-09-29 | 2011-09-27 | 복합 산화물 소결체 및 그 제조방법, 스퍼터링 타겟 및 산화물 투명 도전막 및 그 제조방법 |
CN201180047525.5A CN103140454B (zh) | 2010-09-29 | 2011-09-27 | 复合氧化物烧结体及其制造方法、溅射靶材、以及氧化物透明导电膜及其制造方法 |
EP11829124.4A EP2623480B1 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2011-09-27 | Sintered composite oxide, manufacturing method therefor, sputtering target and manufacturing method for a transparent conductive oxide film |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010218536 | 2010-09-29 | ||
JP2010-218536 | 2010-09-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012043571A1 true WO2012043571A1 (ja) | 2012-04-05 |
Family
ID=45893010
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/072092 WO2012043571A1 (ja) | 2010-09-29 | 2011-09-27 | 複合酸化物焼結体及びその製造方法、スパッタリングターゲット、並びに酸化物透明導電膜及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9111663B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2623480B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2012092003A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101859787B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103140454B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI510450B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012043571A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105272209A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-27 | 攀枝花学院 | 掺铝钛氧化锌靶材的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012043571A1 (ja) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-05 | 東ソー株式会社 | 複合酸化物焼結体及びその製造方法、スパッタリングターゲット、並びに酸化物透明導電膜及びその製造方法 |
JP5935315B2 (ja) | 2010-12-20 | 2016-06-15 | 東ソー株式会社 | 窒化ガリウム焼結体または窒化ガリウム成形体ならびにそれらの製造方法 |
JP5892016B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-19 | 2016-03-23 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 酸化亜鉛スパッタリングターゲットとその製造方法 |
JP5993700B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-15 | 2016-09-14 | 住友化学株式会社 | 酸化亜鉛系焼結体の製造方法 |
WO2016017589A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | 東ソー株式会社 | 酸化物焼結体、その製造方法及びスパッタリングターゲット |
JP6781931B2 (ja) * | 2015-12-11 | 2020-11-11 | 日立金属株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット材 |
FR3056980B1 (fr) * | 2016-10-05 | 2022-12-16 | Easyl | Procede de fabrication de cristaux de zincate d'au moins un metal, et/ou d'un metalloide et/ou d'un lanthanide, ainsi que leurs applications |
GB2561199B (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2022-04-20 | Power Roll Ltd | Method |
US20210238053A1 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2021-08-05 | Jfe Mineral Company, Ltd. | Zinc oxide powder for producing zinc oxide sintered body, zinc oxide sintered body, and method of producing these |
CN110628241A (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-31 | 奈米科技(深圳)有限公司 | 近红外吸收颜料及其制备方法 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0945140A (ja) | 1995-07-28 | 1997-02-14 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 酸化亜鉛系透明導電性膜 |
JPH11236219A (ja) | 1998-02-20 | 1999-08-31 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | ZnO系焼結体およびその製法 |
JPH11322332A (ja) | 1998-05-21 | 1999-11-24 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | ZnO系焼結体およびその製造方法 |
WO2008013237A1 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Ulvac, Inc. | Method for forming transparent conductive film |
WO2008018402A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-14 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Fritte d'oxyde de zinc, procédé de fabrication de celle-ci et cible de pulvérisation cathodique |
JP2009263709A (ja) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-11-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 酸化亜鉛薄膜形成用スパッタターゲットと、それを用いて得られる酸化亜鉛薄膜を有する表示素子及び太陽電池 |
JP2009298649A (ja) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-24 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 酸化物焼結体、ターゲット、およびそれを用いて得られる透明導電膜、導電性積層体 |
JP2010120803A (ja) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-06-03 | Tosoh Corp | 複合酸化物焼結体 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009078330A1 (ja) | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-25 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | 酸化亜鉛焼結体およびその製造方法、スパッタリングターゲット、このスパッタリングターゲットを用いて形成された電極 |
JP4295811B1 (ja) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-07-15 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 酸化亜鉛系ターゲット |
JP5585046B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-27 | 2014-09-10 | 東ソー株式会社 | 複合酸化物焼結体、ターゲット及び酸化物透明導電膜 |
JP5830882B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-08 | 2015-12-09 | 東ソー株式会社 | 酸化亜鉛系透明導電膜、その製造方法及びその用途 |
WO2012043571A1 (ja) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-05 | 東ソー株式会社 | 複合酸化物焼結体及びその製造方法、スパッタリングターゲット、並びに酸化物透明導電膜及びその製造方法 |
-
2011
- 2011-09-27 WO PCT/JP2011/072092 patent/WO2012043571A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-09-27 CN CN201180047525.5A patent/CN103140454B/zh active Active
- 2011-09-27 US US13/876,080 patent/US9111663B2/en active Active
- 2011-09-27 JP JP2011211273A patent/JP2012092003A/ja active Pending
- 2011-09-27 EP EP11829124.4A patent/EP2623480B1/en active Active
- 2011-09-27 KR KR1020137010295A patent/KR101859787B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-09-29 TW TW100135307A patent/TWI510450B/zh active
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0945140A (ja) | 1995-07-28 | 1997-02-14 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 酸化亜鉛系透明導電性膜 |
JPH11236219A (ja) | 1998-02-20 | 1999-08-31 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | ZnO系焼結体およびその製法 |
JPH11322332A (ja) | 1998-05-21 | 1999-11-24 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | ZnO系焼結体およびその製造方法 |
WO2008013237A1 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Ulvac, Inc. | Method for forming transparent conductive film |
WO2008018402A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-14 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Fritte d'oxyde de zinc, procédé de fabrication de celle-ci et cible de pulvérisation cathodique |
JP2008063214A (ja) | 2006-08-11 | 2008-03-21 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 酸化亜鉛焼結体およびその製造方法、スパッタリングターゲット |
JP2009263709A (ja) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-11-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 酸化亜鉛薄膜形成用スパッタターゲットと、それを用いて得られる酸化亜鉛薄膜を有する表示素子及び太陽電池 |
JP2009298649A (ja) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-24 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 酸化物焼結体、ターゲット、およびそれを用いて得られる透明導電膜、導電性積層体 |
JP2010120803A (ja) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-06-03 | Tosoh Corp | 複合酸化物焼結体 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105272209A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-27 | 攀枝花学院 | 掺铝钛氧化锌靶材的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2623480B1 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
TWI510450B (zh) | 2015-12-01 |
KR20130112889A (ko) | 2013-10-14 |
CN103140454B (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
US20130181173A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
EP2623480A4 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
CN103140454A (zh) | 2013-06-05 |
US9111663B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
EP2623480A1 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
TW201228990A (en) | 2012-07-16 |
JP2012092003A (ja) | 2012-05-17 |
KR101859787B1 (ko) | 2018-05-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2012043571A1 (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体及びその製造方法、スパッタリングターゲット、並びに酸化物透明導電膜及びその製造方法 | |
TWI433823B (zh) | 複合氧化物燒結體、複合氧化物燒結體之製造方法、濺鍍靶材及薄膜之製造方法 | |
JP5585046B2 (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体、ターゲット及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
EP2767610B1 (en) | ZnO-Al2O3-MgO sputtering target and method for the production thereof | |
JP5418105B2 (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体、酸化物透明導電膜、及びその製造方法 | |
JP6500446B2 (ja) | 酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
JP6229366B2 (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
JP2010120803A (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体 | |
JP6809157B2 (ja) | 酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
JP6287327B2 (ja) | 酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
JP6079175B2 (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
JP5942414B2 (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体、ターゲット、酸化物透明導電膜及びその製法 | |
JP6155919B2 (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
JP2011037679A (ja) | 複合酸化物焼結体、スパッタリングターゲット、複合酸化物非晶質膜及びその製造方法、並びに、複合酸化物結晶質膜及びその製造方法 | |
JP6724410B2 (ja) | 酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
JP6747003B2 (ja) | 酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 | |
JP5740992B2 (ja) | 酸化物焼結体、それから成るターゲットおよび透明導電膜 | |
JP2015025195A (ja) | 酸化物焼結体及び酸化物透明導電膜 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201180047525.5 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11829124 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2011829124 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011829124 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13876080 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20137010295 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |