WO2012043123A1 - アッパーサポートの製造方法及びアッパーサポート - Google Patents
アッパーサポートの製造方法及びアッパーサポート Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012043123A1 WO2012043123A1 PCT/JP2011/069806 JP2011069806W WO2012043123A1 WO 2012043123 A1 WO2012043123 A1 WO 2012043123A1 JP 2011069806 W JP2011069806 W JP 2011069806W WO 2012043123 A1 WO2012043123 A1 WO 2012043123A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fitting
- diameter
- rubber
- elastic body
- metal fitting
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
- B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
- B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
- B60G15/067—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
- B60G15/068—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit specially adapted for MacPherson strut-type suspension
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3842—Method of assembly, production or treatment; Mounting thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/54—Arrangements for attachment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/128—Damper mount on vehicle body or chassis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/41—Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an upper support that elastically connects a piston rod of a shock absorber in a suspension of a vehicle and a vehicle body and acts to prevent vibration between them, and an upper support.
- the piston rod of a shock absorber which is a suspension element in a vehicle
- the vehicle body are elastically connected by an upper support, and vibration transmission from the shock absorber to the vehicle body side is prevented or suppressed by the vibration isolation action of the upper support.
- the shrinkage stress of the rubber elastic body due to cooling after the inner metal fitting, the outer metal fitting and the rubber elastic body are vulcanized and bonded together is relieved to prevent the rubber elastic body from cracking.
- pre-compression is performed on the rubber elastic body after the vulcanization adhesion.
- the outer metal fitting is drawn and reduced in diameter to pre-compress the rubber elastic body, but depending on the upper support, the outer metal fitting is shaped and structurally In some cases, the outer metal fitting is complicated and cannot be drawn. In such a case, a method of pre-compressing the rubber elastic body by expanding the diameter of the inner metal fitting is employed.
- FIG. 12 shows a specific example of that disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- reference numeral 200 denotes a cylindrical inner metal fitting integrally vulcanized and bonded to the rubber elastic body 202
- 204 denotes an inner metal fitting 200 including a cylindrical tubular portion 206, a bottom portion 208, and a flange portion 210.
- the cylindrical portion 206 of the cup fitting 204 is press-fitted downward in the drawing with respect to the inner fitting 200, thereby expanding the diameter of the inner fitting 200 and pre-compressing the rubber elastic body 202.
- the cylindrical portion 206 has a cylindrical shape having a straight shape in the axial direction (vertical direction in the figure) before the diameter expansion by changing the radial dimension between the upper portion 206a and the lower portion 206b.
- the diameter expansion rate is made different between the upper part and the lower part of the shaped inner metal fitting 200.
- the above-mentioned cup metal fitting is used as an inner metal fitting, and a rubber elastic body is integrally vulcanized and bonded thereto, and the cylindrical portion of the cup metal fitting is expanded to give a pre-compression to the rubber elastic body. It can be considered that the inner metal fitting is omitted.
- the inventor is directed to the cylindrical portion 206 of the cup fitting 204 that has a straight shape in the vertical direction (in the axial direction of the cup fitting 204 and in the vertical direction in the vehicle assembled state).
- a diameter-expanding jig 212 having a straight shape corresponding to the outer peripheral surface and expanding the diameter of the cylindrical portion 206.
- the flange portion 210 is deformed to warp upward. This is considered to be due to the tensile force acting in the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure acting on the upper surface of the flange portion 210 continuous with the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion 206 as the diameter of the tubular portion 206 increases.
- the present invention provides a cylindrical inner metal fitting that has been separately required by integrally vulcanizing and bonding with a rubber elastic body as an inner metal fitting that also serves as a rebound stopper metal fitting.
- claim 1 relates to a method of manufacturing an upper support, and (a) an inner metal fitting, (b) an outer metal fitting arranged around the inner metal fitting at a position spaced in the radial direction, and (c) the inner metal fitting.
- a rubber elastic body integrally vulcanized and bonded to the inner metal fitting and the outer metal fitting in a state in which the metal fitting and the outer metal fitting are elastically connected to the piston rod of the shock absorber on the inner metal fitting side.
- the piston rod and the vehicle body are elastically connected to each other to vibrate, and the piston rod is provided at the center of the cylindrical portion and the lower end side of the cylindrical portion.
- a rebound stopper gold having a bottom portion having a through-hole and a flange portion that functions as a rebound stopper portion projecting radially outward at the upper end side of the cylindrical portion opposite to the bottom portion
- the cup metal fitting also serving as the inner metal fitting is directly integrated and vulcanized and bonded to the rubber elastic body.
- the cup metal fitting has a shape of the cylindrical portion before the integral vulcanization adhesion to the rubber elastic body.
- the upper portion following the flange portion is a large diameter portion
- the bottom side lower portion is a small diameter portion
- the portion between the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion is a stepped portion.
- the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion is set to an inner diameter obtained as a dimension after the diameter expansion processing, and after the integral vulcanization adhesion with the rubber elastic body, the diameter expansion jig is pressed into the small diameter portion. Enlarging the small diameter portion to pre-compress the portion corresponding to the small diameter portion of the rubber elastic body, while maintaining the size and shape without subjecting the large diameter portion to diameter expansion processing.
- the inner diameter of the upper end of the small-diameter portion is the same as that of the large-diameter portion, and the small-diameter portion is expanded until the stepped portion is eliminated. To do.
- the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion and the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion until reaching the lower end of the portion that pre-compresses the rubber elastic body is formed into a continuous straight straight shape by the diameter expansion process.
- the outer metal fitting in the outer metal fitting according to any one of the first to third aspects, is provided with an outer cylindrical portion that surrounds the cylindrical portion of the cup metal fitting at a position spaced radially outward.
- the rubber elastic body has a cylindrical main body rubber portion that is sandwiched in a radial direction between the cylindrical portion and the outer cylindrical portion of the cup metal fitting, and the diameter expansion processing of the small diameter portion Thus, the main rubber part is pre-compressed.
- the rubber elastic body in the rubber elastic body according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, is provided with a radially inward facing portion extending from the outer peripheral surface toward the stepped portion along the circumferential direction at the axial position where the stepped portion is located.
- the main body rubber portion which is provided in a ring shape and is pre-compressed by the diameter of the small diameter portion of the rubber elastic body, and the stopper rubber portion on the rebound side of the bottom surface of the flange portion, A thin rubber portion with a thin wall whose movement is restrained by an adhesive is left on the outer peripheral surface of the stepped portion, and is divided vertically in the axial direction over the entire radial direction.
- the rubber elastic body is disposed in a circumferential direction upward from the lower surface between the cylindrical portion of the cup fitting and the outer cylindrical portion of the outer fitting.
- the main body rubber part is formed on the upper side of the ring part having an upward hole part that forms an annular shape.
- a stopper contact portion on the rebound side is provided following the outer cylinder portion so as to face the flange portion
- the rubber elastic body includes:
- the rubber elastic body has an upper rubber portion on the upper side of the main rubber portion, and has a covering rubber layer covering the upper surface of the stopper contact portion, and the rubber elastic body has an axial position where the step portion is located.
- a radially inward facing portion extending from the outer peripheral surface toward the stepped portion is provided in an annular shape along the circumferential direction
- the rubber elastic body is provided by the facing portion so that the main rubber portion, the upper rubber portion, and the flange portion are A thin rubber part with a thin wall whose movement is restrained by an adhesive is left on the outer peripheral surface of the stepped part on the stopper rubber part on the rebound side on the lower surface side, and vertically up and down over the entire radial direction.
- the outer cylinder part is divided downward As a result, the slanted shape expands downward so as to widen the gap between the cup metal part and the cylindrical part, and the rubber elastic body includes a cylindrical part of the cup metal part and an outer cylinder part of the outer metal part. It is characterized by having an upward bore portion that forms an annular shape in the circumferential direction facing upward from the lower surface, and forming the main body rubber portion on the upper side of the bore portion.
- the diameter expansion jig is a tapered portion having a shape in which an outer diameter gradually decreases toward the distal end on the outer peripheral surface of the distal end portion on the press-fitting side,
- the taper portion has a shape in which an upper end position is located at a position below the upper end of the upward facing portion under the press-fitting completion state of the diameter expansion jig.
- the diameter expansion jig is configured to expand a diameter of the small diameter portion corresponding to the upward facing portion by the tapered portion. To do.
- the diameter expansion jig when the diameter expansion jig is press-fitted into the small diameter portion and the small diameter portion is subjected to diameter expansion processing, A tool having a hole that opens at the tip surface and extends in the axial direction from the tip surface is prepared, and a receiving jig for receiving the bottom portion of the cup fitting from the lower side is prepared, and the guide pin is directed upward from the receiving jig.
- the diameter expansion treatment is performed while the guide pin is inserted into the hole.
- the tool is press-fitted downward with respect to the small-diameter portion to expand the small-diameter portion, and then the receiving jig is removed together with the guide pin, and the up-and-down direction of the large-diameter processed product is reversed, Whether the flange of the cup metal fitting is below the second receiving jig In the received state, the extraction pin is pushed downward into the hole of the diameter expansion jig that is press-fitted into the small diameter portion and fixed, and the diameter expansion jig is extracted from the cup fitting. .
- the eleventh aspect relates to an upper support, and (a) an inner metal fitting, (b) an outer metal fitting arranged around the inner metal fitting at a position spaced in the radial direction, and (c) the inner metal fitting and the outer metal fitting.
- a rubber elastic body integrally vulcanized and bonded to the inner metal fitting and the outer metal fitting in an elastically connected state, and fixed to the piston rod of the shock absorber on the inner metal fitting side and to the vehicle body on the outer metal fitting side, respectively.
- An upper support that elastically connects the piston rod and the vehicle body to provide vibration isolation, and has a cylindrical portion and a bottom portion having a through hole for the piston rod at the center on the lower end side of the cylindrical portion; and
- a cup fitting that also serves as a rebound stopper fitting has a flange that acts as a rebound stopper portion projecting radially outward at the upper end side of the cylindrical portion opposite to the bottom portion.
- An inner metal fitting is directly bonded to the rubber elastic body by vulcanization, and a lower part of the bottom side of the cup metal part is partially enlarged in the axial direction, so that the lower part of the rubber elastic body is Pre-compression is given to the corresponding part.
- the cup metal fitting also serving as the rebound stopper metal fitting is used as the inner metal fitting so as to be integrally vulcanized and bonded directly to the rubber elastic body.
- the shape of the cylindrical part before the integral vulcanization bonding is such that the upper part following the collar part is a large diameter part, the lower part on the bottom side is a small diameter part, and the part between them is a stepped part.
- the part is subjected to diameter expansion processing by press-fitting a diameter-enlarging jig after integral vulcanization adhesion with the rubber elastic body, and pre-compression is applied to the portion corresponding to the small diameter part of the rubber elastic body, while for the large diameter part
- the diameter and shape are not subjected to the processing, and the predetermined size and shape are maintained.
- the cylindrical inner metal fitting which has been conventionally required separately from the cup metal fitting can be omitted, and the weight of the upper support can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
- pre-compression is applied to the rubber elastic body by expanding the cylindrical part of the metal fitting, the diameter expansion process is applied only to the small diameter part, and the upper part of the cylindrical part following the collar part is not subjected to the diameter expansion process. In order not to cause deformation, it is possible to prevent the flange portion of the cup fitting from warping upward and deforming due to the diameter expansion process.
- the inner diameter of the upper end of the small-diameter portion is set to be the same as the inner diameter of the large-diameter portion, and the small-diameter portion can be expanded until the step portion is eliminated (claim 2).
- the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion and the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion are expanded.
- a continuous axial straight shape can be obtained by diameter machining.
- the outer metal part is provided with an outer cylinder part having a shape surrounding the cylindrical part of the cup metal part at a position radially separated from the outer metal part, and the rubber elastic body is arranged between the cylindrical part and the outer cylinder part. And having a cylindrical main rubber part sandwiched in the radial direction, and pre-compressing the main rubber part by expanding the small diameter part (claim 4). By doing in this way, precompression can be effectively given with respect to the main-body rubber part which needs to be precompressed by the diameter expansion process of a small diameter part.
- the rubber elastic body is provided with a radially inwardly facing portion from the outer peripheral surface toward the stepped portion in an annular shape along the circumferential direction.
- the outer circumference of the stepped portion in detail, the main rubber portion, which is pre-compressed by expanding the small diameter portion of the rubber elastic body, and the stopper rubber portion on the rebound side of the lower surface of the flange portion.
- the thin rubber part whose movement is restrained by an adhesive can be left on the surface and can be divided in the axial direction over the entire radial direction (Claim 5).
- the stopper rubber part on the rebound side is provided on the main rubber part side and continuously on the outer peripheral side of the step part, this part is pre-compressed by expanding the diameter of the cup fitting, specifically the small diameter part.
- the cup fitting is repeatedly relatively displaced in the vertical direction relative to the outer fitting, a crack occurs in the same portion due to the tensile stress acting on the portion that is not pre-compressed. There is a risk that the crack will deeply progress to the inside of the rubber elastic body and grow.
- the rebound side stopper rubber portion is provided on the lower surface of the flange portion of the cup fitting, and the stopper rubber portion has a diameter from the side of the main body rubber portion at the inwardly facing inward portion. According to claim 5, it is possible to substantially prevent the occurrence of a rubber portion that is not pre-compressed on the outer peripheral side of the stepped portion. It is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of cracks in the portions that are not given.
- the main rubber portion side and the rebound stopper rubber portion can be completely separated.
- the cavity of the molding die for molding the rubber elastic body is also completely divided, and the main rubber portion side and the stopper rubber portion are simultaneously molded well by injection of the rubber material. It is difficult.
- the main rubber portion side and the stopper rubber portion side are connected by the thin rubber portion, they can be molded simultaneously well.
- the main rubber part side and the stopper rubber part side are divided, leaving the thin rubber part, and the movement of the thin rubber part is constrained by the adhesive. Is satisfactorily suppressed.
- the thickness of the thin rubber portion is desirably 2 mm or less as the thickness that effectively restrains movement by the adhesive.
- the shape of the rubber elastic body has an annular upward facing portion that faces upward from the lower surface between the cylindrical portion of the cup metal fitting and the outer cylindrical portion of the outer metal fitting, and is formed on the upper side of the cutting portion.
- the main rubber part may be formed (claim 6).
- the relative position of the cup metal in the axial direction with respect to the outer metal is caused by the reaction force of the compressed rubber elastic body. May change.
- the seventh aspect it is possible to effectively suppress the displacement of the relative position of the cup fitting in the axial direction, and thereby to the rubber elastic body, particularly in the thin rubber portion or the vicinity thereof. It is possible to satisfactorily suppress the occurrence of tensile strain.
- the outer peripheral surface on the distal end side of the press-fitting side is formed as a tapered portion whose outer diameter gradually decreases toward the distal end, and the tapered portion is formed under the state where the press-fitting of the diameter expansion jig is completed.
- the upper end position can be a shape located at a position equal to or lower than the upper end of the upward bore portion (claim 8).
- the diameter expansion jig By making the outer peripheral surface of the tip side of the diameter expansion jig into such a tapered portion, when the small diameter part is expanded by the diameter expansion jig, cracks occur in the portion from the lower end on the bottom side to the bottom part in the small diameter part. Can be effectively prevented. Moreover, by providing such a taper part in the diameter expansion jig, the diameter expansion jig can be smoothly press-fitted in the axial direction into the cylindrical part of the cup fitting, and the small diameter part can be expanded.
- the tapered portion can be kept out of contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the cup fitting when the diameter expanding jig is press-fitted, or the tapered portion expands the small diameter portion by contacting the inner peripheral surface. You can also keep it.
- the pre-compression is applied to the lower end side of the main rubber part when the upper end of the tapered portion is positioned above the upper end of the upward punching portion under the state where the press-fitting of the diameter expansion jig is completed.
- the upper end of the taper portion is set to be equal to or less than the upper end of the bore portion, and the taper portion faces upward in the small diameter portion.
- the portion corresponding to the bore portion is enlarged in diameter (claim 9).
- the taper portion referred to here is one in which the angle ⁇ with respect to the outer peripheral surface forming a straight shape in the axial direction of the diameter expansion jig is greater than 0 ° and the height from the tip surface of the diameter expansion jig is 3 mm or more. means. If it is not such, it is difficult to effectively prevent the occurrence of cracks at the time of diameter expansion processing by press-fitting a diameter expansion jig.
- the diameter-expanding jig is opened at the front end surface on the press-fitting side and has a hole extending in the axial direction from the front end surface.
- a receiving jig for receiving the bottom part of the cup fitting from the lower side is prepared, the guide pin is projected upward from the receiving jig, and the bottom part is received by the receiving jig and the guide pin is inserted from the insertion hole in the bottom part. While the guide pin is inserted into the hole in a state of protruding upward, a diameter increasing jig can be pressed downward into the small diameter portion to expand the small diameter portion.
- the receiving jig is removed together with the guide pins, and the up-and-down direction of the diameter-expanded processed product is reversed so that the flange portion of the cup fitting is received from the lower side by the second receiving jig, and the small-diameter portion is
- the diameter expansion jig can be extracted from the cup fitting by pushing the extraction pin downward into the hole of the diameter expansion jig that is press-fitted and fixed (claim 10). In this way, the diameter expansion process of the small diameter portion by the diameter expansion jig can be performed smoothly and satisfactorily, and the diameter expansion jig that is press-fitted and fixed inside the cup metal fitting can be satisfactorily removed from the cup metal fitting. Can be extracted.
- the plurality of types of diameter expansion jigs whose outer diameter gradually increases are used to increase the outer diameter from the diameter expansion jig having a smaller outer diameter.
- the diameter expansion process is performed in a plurality of stages while sequentially using larger diameter expansion jigs, and the diameter of the small diameter portion can be increased to the target diameter.
- an annular one having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the expanding jig can be used as the second receiving jig.
- claim 11 relates to an upper support.
- the weight of the upper support can be reduced because the cylindrical inner metal fitting provided separately from the conventional cup metal fitting can be omitted. And cost reduction can be achieved.
- the lower part on the bottom side of the cylindrical part of the cup fitting is partially enlarged in the axial direction, and the part corresponding to the lower part of the rubber elastic body is pre-compressed, so the shrinkage stress due to cooling after vulcanization
- the durability of the rubber elastic body, that is, the upper support can be enhanced.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the upper support of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the upper support of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 is a single product diagram showing a shape of the upper cup metal fitting in the upper support of FIG. 2 before diameter expansion. It is explanatory drawing of the process of the diameter expansion process with respect to the upper cup metal fitting shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing following FIG. It is explanatory drawing following FIG. It is the comparison figure shown as a comparative example in order to demonstrate the effect of the embodiment of the present invention.
- reference numeral 10 denotes a metal coil spring that forms an element of a vehicle suspension
- 12 denotes a shock absorber that also forms an element of a suspension, which has a cylinder 14 and a piston rod 16 protruding upward therefrom.
- Reference numeral 18 denotes an upper support according to the present embodiment. The upper support 18 elastically connects the piston rod 16 and a vehicle body panel (not shown), and acts to prevent vibration between them.
- Reference numeral 20 denotes a dust cover which is externally inserted into the shock absorber 12 at a position inside the coil spring 10 and is made of a rubber elastic body and has a bellows-like shape as a whole.
- a thick-walled flange portion 24 that has an annular shape in the circumferential direction that protrudes radially outward from the upper end of the diameter portion 22 is provided.
- Reference numeral 26 denotes a bound stopper made of an elastic body such as rubber, and the upper part is held by the upper support 18.
- the bound stopper 26 restricts the excessive contraction operation of the shock absorber 12 by bringing the lower end portion into contact with the cylinder 14.
- the upper support 18 has an upper cup fitting (cup fitting) 28 that forms an upward cup shape as an inner fitting, and the upper cup fitting 28 around the upper cup fitting 28 at a position spaced in the radial direction.
- the outer metal fitting 30 disposed around the cylindrical portion 36, and the rubber elastic body 32 integrally vulcanized and bonded to the upper cup metal fitting 28 and the outer metal fitting 30 in an elastically connected state.
- a lower cup fitting 34 which has a downward inverted cup shape, is joined and fixed to the lower side of the upper cup fitting 28.
- the upper cup fitting 28 serves as a cylindrical tubular portion 36, a bottom portion (lower bottom portion) 40 on the lower end side thereof, and a rebound stopper portion projecting radially outward on the upper end side opposite to the bottom portion 40.
- the flange portion 42 has a plate shape, and projects in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the upper cup fitting 28 in the axial direction (the vertical direction in the assembled state of the vehicle), and the shape in plan view is an annular shape.
- the flange 42 is provided with two types of through holes 44 and 46 for attachment to the vehicle.
- one hole 44 is a circular hole
- the other hole 46 is a long hole having an arc shape in the circumferential direction.
- the bottom portion 40 of the upper cup fitting 28 is provided with an insertion hole 48 through which the piston rod 16 is inserted, and more specifically, the small-diameter screw shaft portion 38 shown in FIG.
- the upper cup fitting 28 has a curved portion 50 that is curved in a circular arc shape from the flange portion 42 to the upper end of the cylindrical portion 36, and a portion from the lower end of the cylindrical portion 36 to the bottom portion 40 is also arc-shaped.
- the bending portion 52 is curved.
- the lower end portion of the cylindrical portion 36 forms a tapered portion 54 whose diameter gradually decreases toward the lower end.
- the entire portion above the taper portion 54 forms a cylindrical portion 56 that forms a straight shape in the vertical direction, that is, in the axial direction on both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.
- the lower cup fitting 34 includes a bottom portion (upper bottom portion) 58, a bounding stopper portion 60 that forms an annular shape in the circumferential direction at a position that is one step lower than this, and a cylindrical wall portion 61 that rises from the outer peripheral end.
- the bottom portion 58 is provided with an insertion hole 62 through which the male screw shaft portion 38 of the piston rod 16 is inserted in the center portion.
- the lower cup metal fitting 34 is connected to the insertion hole 48 of the upper cup metal fitting 28.
- the bottom portion 58 is overlapped with the bottom portion 40 of the upper cup metal fitting 28 so as to be matched, and in this state, the bottom portion 58 is welded and fixed to the bottom portion 40.
- the upper end of the bound stopper 26 is elastically fitted in the cylindrical wall portion 61 of the lower cup fitting 34 so that the bound stopper 26 is held by the lower cup fitting 34. It is like that.
- the outer metal fitting 30 includes an outer cylinder portion 64 that forms an outer cylinder with respect to the cylindrical portion 36 and surrounds the entire circumference of the cylindrical portion 36 of the upper cup metal fitting 28 at a position spaced radially outward. And a flange portion 66 having an annular shape in the circumferential direction projecting radially outward from the side.
- the outer cylindrical portion 64 has a straight shape in the vertical direction on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface, that is, in the axial direction of the upper cup fitting 28, and together with the stopper contact portion 68 on the rebound side described later, the inner portion of the rubber elastic body 32.
- the outer metal fitting 30 has an inverted U-shaped portion projecting from the outer cylinder portion 64 to the flange portion 66 and is projected upward in a curved shape over the entire circumference, and the projecting portion serves as a rebound stopper portion.
- a stopper contact portion 68 for 42 is formed.
- the outer peripheral end of the flange portion 66 is provided with a bent portion 72 that falls downward over the entire circumference, and the flange portion 66 is further protruded radially outward at three locations in the circumferential direction.
- the protruding portion forms a plate-like attachment portion 74.
- Each mounting portion 74 is formed with a through-hole fixing hole 82 for a mounting bolt 76, and the mounting bolt 76 is fixed in an inserted state there.
- the mounting bolt 76 is provided with a serration portion 78 on the large-diameter head portion 80 side, and the serration portion 78 is fixed to the fixing hole 82 so as to bite into the inner surface of the fixing hole 82.
- the outer metal fitting 30 is also provided with a bent portion projecting radially outward from the lower end of the outer cylindrical portion 64 over the entire circumference at a position facing the above-described bound stopper portion 60 in the vertical direction.
- the bent portion forms a stopper contact portion 70 with respect to the bound stopper portion 60.
- the rubber elastic body 32 is a cylinder sandwiched in the radial direction between the cylindrical portion 36 and the outer cylindrical portion 64 of the upper cup metal fitting 28 when the outer cylindrical portion 64 of the outer metal fitting 30 is embedded therein. It is divided into a main body rubber part 84 formed of a cylindrical inner rubber part and a cylindrical outer rubber part 86 on the outer peripheral side of the outer cylinder part 64.
- the rubber elastic body 32 has an upper rubber portion 71 having a covering rubber layer 69 that covers the upper surface of the stopper contact portion 68 on the rebound side, on the upper side of the main rubber portion 84, continuously from the main rubber portion 84. ing.
- the rubber elastic body 32 has an annular gap between the main rubber portion 84 and the outer rubber portion 86 below the main rubber portion 84 and between the cylindrical portion 36 of the upper cup fitting 28. In the state of forming, an annular bound-side stopper rubber portion 88 protruding downward is formed to face the bound stopper portion 60.
- the rubber elastic body 32 is provided with the counterbored portion 90 facing upward from the lower surface thereof, and the rubber elastic body 32 has a form in which the main rubber portion 84 is formed above the counterbored portion 90.
- the upper end of the upward punching portion 90 is equal to or slightly above the upper end of the tapered portion 54 of the tubular portion 36 of the upper cup fitting 28.
- a portion of the outer metal fitting 30 forms an annular spring receiving portion 92 that receives the upper end of the coil spring 10, and continuously protrudes radially outward from the outer rubber portion 86 below the outer metal fitting 30.
- a thin rubber plate portion 94 is provided in an overlapping state.
- the rubber plate portion 94 is integrally vulcanized and bonded to the spring receiving portion 92.
- a resin plate-like and annular bearing 96 is disposed on the lower side thereof, and a metal spring seat 98 is disposed through the bearing 96.
- the spring reaction force is received by the spring receiving portion 92 of the outer metal fitting 30 through the thick flange portion 24, the spring seat 98, the bearing 96, and the rubber plate portion 94 in the dust cover 20 described above.
- the load of the vehicle body is directly applied to the coil spring 10 via the outer metal fitting 30, the bearing 96, the spring seat 98, and the like, and the load is supported by the coil spring 10. Therefore, in the upper support 18 of this embodiment, the load of the vehicle body is applied directly to the coil spring 10 from the outer metal fitting 30 without passing through the main rubber portion 84 in the rubber elastic body 32, Body load is not substantially applied.
- the piston rod 16 has a screw shaft portion 38 having a small diameter with respect to the main body thereof, and is directed upward into the insertion holes 62 and 48 of the lower cup fitting 34 and the upper cup fitting 28.
- the nut 99 is screwed into the screw shaft portion 38 so that the stepped portion 101 of the piston rod 16 and the nut 99 sandwich the bottom portion 40 of the upper cup fitting 28 and the bottom portion 58 of the lower cup fitting 34.
- the upper cup fitting 28 and the lower cup fitting 34 are fixed to the state.
- the upper cup fitting 28 is displaced integrally with the piston rod 16 along with the elastic deformation of the main rubber part 84, and between the piston rod 16 and the vehicle body based on the elastic deformation of the main rubber part 84 at that time. Vibration absorption and anti-vibration functions are performed.
- the rubber elastic body 32 of the upper support 18, specifically, the cylindrical main body rubber portion 84 is pre-compressed 1.3 mm in the radial direction from the shape at the time of vulcanization molding.
- the thickness of the main rubber part 84 in the radial direction is 6.5 mm, and the thickness is pre-compressed by 1.3 mm in the radial direction, so that the pre-compression rate is 20% here.
- the rubber elastic body 32 has a position below the flange portion 42 of the upper cup fitting 28 by a predetermined distance (this position is an axial direction (vertical direction) position of the stepped portion of the cylindrical portion 36 before diameter expansion processing shown in FIG.
- this position is an axial direction (vertical direction) position of the stepped portion of the cylindrical portion 36 before diameter expansion processing shown in FIG.
- the facing portion 100 is provided in an annular shape along the circumferential direction from the outer peripheral surface toward the cylindrical portion 36.
- the rubber elastic body 32 is moved to the main rubber part 84 side, more specifically, the main rubber part 84 and the upper rubber part 71 on the upper side thereof, and the stopper rubber part 102 on the rebound side on the lower surface of the flange part 42 by the punching part 100. It is divided up and down over the entire radial direction. However, the counterbored portion 100 does not reach the cylindrical portion 36 and reaches a position where the thin rubber portion (here, the radial thickness of the thin rubber portion 104 is 0.5 mm) 104 is left on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 36. The rubber elastic body 32 is deeply inserted inward in the radial direction. Therefore, strictly speaking, the main body rubber portion 84 side and the stopper rubber portion 102 are vertically divided with the thin rubber portion 104 left.
- the thin rubber portion 104 belongs to a constraining layer 106 (see a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2) whose movement is restricted by an adhesive that bonds the interface between the cylindrical portion 36 of the upper cup fitting 28 and the rubber elastic body 32. Therefore, for example, even when the upper cup fitting 28 is relatively displaced relative to the outer fitting 30 in the vertical direction, the rubber of the thin rubber portion 104 remains on the main rubber portion 84 side or on the stopper rubber portion 102 side. The rubber meat on the side of the main rubber part 84 moves or passes through the thin rubber part 104 to the stopper rubber part 102 side, or the rubber part of the stopper rubber part 102 passes through the thin rubber part 104 to the main body rubber part 84. It is effectively suppressed to move to the side.
- the thick rubber portion 108a may be locally strained and stressed to generate cracks and cracks.
- the bore portion 100 has a cross-sectional shape in which the vertical width in the drawing becomes smaller as it goes radially inward from the outer peripheral surface.
- the stopper rubber portion 102 on the rebound side is in contact with the stopper contact portion 68 when the rebound stopper is operated, and cooperates with the flange portion 42 as a rebound stopper to regulate displacement in the rebound direction.
- the stopper rubber portion 102 on the rebound side avoids interference with a jig for mounting to the vehicle, which is inserted or hooked into the holes 46 and 44 around the holes 46 and 44 of the flange 42. Therefore, it is partially recessed radially inward.
- 5a of FIG. 5 has shown the upper cup metal fitting before a diameter expansion process.
- the shape of the upper cup fitting 28a before diameter expansion processing that is, before the above-mentioned integral vulcanization adhesion to the rubber elastic body 32, more specifically, the shape of the cylindrical portion 36 is continued to the flange portion 42.
- the upper portion is a large diameter portion 110
- the lower portion on the bottom 40 side is a small diameter portion 112
- a portion between the large diameter portion 110 and the small diameter portion 112 is a stepped portion 114.
- the small-diameter portion 112 has a straight shape in the axial direction of the upper cup fitting 28a on both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.
- the large-diameter portion 110 (strictly, the lower portion of the curved portion 50) has an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface that are straight in the axial direction, and the stepped portion 114 is reversed from the large-diameter portion 110 to the small-diameter portion 112. Has a tapered shape.
- the inner diameter X 1 of the large diameter portion 110 is set to the inner diameter dimension required as dimensions after diameter expansion processing with respect to the cylindrical portion 36.
- the dimension X 1 is 35.4 mm.
- reference numeral 116 denotes a protrusion provided on the bottom 40 of the upper cup fitting 28a for projection welding of the lower cup fitting 34.
- the upper cup fitting 28a shown in FIG. 5 is used as the inner fitting, and the upper cup fitting 28a and the outer fitting 30 are vulcanized integrally with the rubber elastic body 32 when the rubber elastic body 32 is molded. Glue. After that, the diameter-reducing process is performed on the small-diameter portion 112 of the upper cup fitting 28a to pre-compress the rubber elastic body 32, specifically, the main rubber portion 84.
- FIGS. 6 to 8 specifically show the diameter expansion process for the cylindrical portion 36 at that time.
- 118 is a diameter expansion jig for expanding the cylindrical portion 36 of the upper cup fitting 28a, specifically, the small diameter portion 112, and has a cylindrical shape as a whole.
- the outer diameter of the diameter expanding jig 118 is X 1 having the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the large diameter portion 110.
- the diameter expansion jig 118 is provided with a hole 120 that opens at the center at a flat lower end surface and extends upward from the lower end surface.
- a tapered portion 122 whose diameter gradually decreases toward the lower end (tip) is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end (tip portion).
- a chamfered portion 124 is further formed over a very small range on the lower end side following the tapered portion 122.
- the height X 6 of the tapered portion 122 should be within the range of 3 ⁇ 10 mm, also the angle ⁇ of the tapered portion 122 is desirably set in the range of greater than 0 ⁇ 15 °.
- Reference numeral 126 denotes a receiving jig that receives the upper cup fitting 28a when the diameter of the upper cup fitting 28a is increased, and has an annular shape in plan view, and has a through-insertion hole 128 at the center.
- Reference numeral 130 denotes a guide pin attached to the receiving jig 126 so as to protrude upward from the receiving jig 126, and has a small-diameter insertion portion 132 at the lower end, and the insertion portion 132 is inserted. By being inserted into the hole 128, it is attached to the receiving jig 126.
- FIG. 6I shows a state in which the receiving jig 126 receives and supports the bottom 40 of the upper cup fitting 28a from below, and the guide pin 130 is inserted through the insertion hole 48 of the bottom 40 and protrudes upward.
- the state which set the integral vulcanized product which uses the upper cup metal fitting 28a as the inner metal fitting is shown.
- the diameter expansion jig 118 is inserted downward into the cylindrical portion 36 of the integrally vulcanized product in that state (see FIG. 6 (II)), and the diameter expansion jig 118 is further pushed downward.
- the small diameter portion 112 is subjected to diameter expansion processing with the diameter expansion jig 118. That is, the small-diameter portion 112 is expanded and deformed (at this time, the stepped portion 114 is also expanded by a certain amount as the small-diameter portion 112 is expanded).
- FIG. 7B shows a state in which the diameter increasing jig 118 is press-fitted to the inside of the cylindrical portion 36 to expand the diameter of the small diameter portion 112 in this way.
- the compression ratio of the pre-compression is 20% as described above.
- the compression ratio of the pre-compression is given by ( ⁇ X / A) ⁇ 100 (%), where A is the thickness in the radial direction of the main rubber portion 84 before the diameter expansion processing.
- the small diameter portion 112 is also expanded and deformed at the lower end portion thereof by the tapered portion 122. However, the degree of the diameter expansion deformation is smaller than the portion corresponding to the main rubber portion 84 in the small diameter portion 112.
- the upper end position of the taper portion 122 of the diameter expansion jig 118 is equivalent to the position of the lower end of the main rubber portion 84, that is, the upper end of the upward facing portion 90 under the state where the diameter expansion jig 118 is completely press-fitted. Therefore, even if such a taper portion 122 is provided in the diameter expansion jig 118, the main rubber portion 84 is sufficiently precompressed at a predetermined compression ratio over the entire length in the axial direction.
- the receiving jig 126 is removed together with the guide pins 130 from the diameter expansion processed product.
- the diameter-expanded processed product is turned upside down, and the second receiving jig 134 receives and supports the flange portion 42 of the upper cup fitting 28 from the lower side.
- the second receiving jig 134 also has an annular shape, and has an extraction hole 136 at the center.
- the second receiving jig 134 is press-fitted into the cylindrical portion 36 and fixed to the extraction hole 136.
- the diameter expansion jig 118 held in the state is inserted. That is, the receiving jig 134 receives and supports the flange portion 42 of the upper cup fitting 28 around the diameter expansion jig 118 from the lower side.
- Reference numeral 138 denotes an extraction pin, which has a pressing portion 140 at the upper end in the drawing.
- FIG. 8 shows a process of extracting the diameter expansion jig 118.
- the bottom 40 is supported with the collar portion 42 of the upper cup fitting 28 supported by the receiving jig 134.
- the extraction pin 138 is inserted downward in the drawing through the insertion hole 48 and further pushed downward, and the diameter expansion jig 118 fixed to the upper cup fitting 28 is inserted through the extraction hole 136 of the receiving jig 134. Pulling out downward, the diameter expansion jig 118 is detached from the upper cup fitting 28.
- the small diameter portion 112 is expanded to the final expanded diameter by expanding the diameter by one press-fitting of the expanding jig 118, the expanding operation is divided into a plurality of steps.
- the diameter of the small diameter portion 112 may be sequentially increased to obtain the final diameter expansion dimension.
- the diameter of the upper cup fitting 28a is increased as described above, and the main rubber portion 84 is pre-compressed.
- the lower cup fitting 34 is welded and joined to the upper cup fitting 28 as shown in FIG.
- the upper support 18 shown is obtained.
- the cylindrical inner metal fitting that has been conventionally required separately from the upper cup metal fitting 28 can be omitted, and the upper support 18 can be reduced in weight and cost.
- the cylindrical portion 38 of the upper cup fitting 28a is subjected to diameter expansion processing, and when the rubber elastic body 32 is pre-compressed, the diameter expansion processing is applied only to the small diameter portion 112, and the cylinder following the flange portion 42 is achieved.
- the large-diameter portion 110 at the upper portion of the shape portion 36 is not subjected to diameter expansion processing and does not cause deformation, and therefore, the flange portion 42 of the upper cup fitting 28a can be prevented from warping upward and deforming due to diameter expansion processing.
- the process of correcting the shape of the collar part 42 after the diameter expansion processing on the upper cup metal fitting 28a can be made unnecessary, and therefore, the problem of variation occurring in the correction process can be eliminated, and the deformation of the collar part 42 can eliminate the problem.
- the deformation of the holes 44 and 46 for assembling to the vehicle provided in the portion 42 can also be prevented.
- the rubber elastic body 32 is annularly provided with a radially inward facing portion 100 from the outer peripheral surface thereof toward the stepped portion 114 at the axial position where the stepped portion 114 is located.
- the rubber elastic body 32 is divided into the upper and lower parts in the axial direction over the entire radial direction by the punching part 100 into the main rubber part 84 side and the stopper rubber part 102 on the rebound side of the lower surface of the flange part 42. Therefore, the cylindrical portion 36 of the upper cup fitting 28 as the inner fitting and the outer tubular portion 64 of the outer fitting 30 are connected in the radial direction, and pre-compressed to the outer peripheral side of the portion where the stepped portion 114 was located. It is possible to effectively prevent the generation of a rubber part to which no pre-compression is applied, and to effectively suppress the occurrence of cracks in the part to which no pre-compression is applied.
- the main rubber portion 84 side and the stopper rubber portion 102 side are connected by the thin rubber portion 104, they can be simultaneously well molded when the rubber elastic body 32 is molded. it can.
- the outer peripheral surface on the tip side of the diameter expansion jig 118 is a tapered portion 122
- the diameter expansion jig 118 can be smoothly press-fitted in the axial direction into the cylindrical portion 36, and the small diameter portion 112 can be expanded.
- the diameter expansion process of the cylindrical portion 36 (specifically, the small diameter portion 112) of the upper cup fitting 28a in the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, the diameter expansion process can be performed smoothly and satisfactorily.
- the diameter-expanding jig 118 that is press-fitted and fixed inside the metal fitting 28a can be satisfactorily extracted from the upper cup metal fitting 28.
- FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
- the outer cylindrical portion 64 of the outer metal fitting 30 (both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface) is inclined at an angle ⁇ in such a shape that the distance from the cylindrical portion 36 of the upper cup metal fitting 28 increases as it proceeds downward. Therefore, the outer tubular portion 64 is also inclined with respect to the tubular portion 36 of the upper cup fitting 28a before diameter expansion.
- the rubber elastic body 32 has an upper rubber portion 71 provided with a covering rubber layer 69 covering the upper surface of the stopper contact portion 68 on the upper side of the main rubber portion 84, and is continuous with the main rubber portion 84.
- the upper rubber portion 71 is compressed to some extent by the diameter expansion process of the small diameter portion 112, the degree of compression is weaker than that of the main rubber portion 84. For this reason, when the diameter of the small-diameter portion 112 is increased, the rubber meat of the main rubber portion 84 that is strongly compressed tends to escape toward the upper rubber portion 71 that is weakly compressed.
- the coating rubber layer 69 of the upper rubber portion 71 has a large rubber width W 1, and has a likely form there relief rubber meat.
- the lower side of the main body rubber portion 84 is an upward facing portion 90, and there is no rubber portion, and a slight transition portion from the main body rubber portion 84 to the stopper rubber portion 88 on the bounce side.
- No. 73 has only a rubber part. Therefore, the rubber meat of the main rubber portion 84 is difficult to escape to the lower side.
- the rubber meat of the main body rubber portion 84 tends to escape upward due to the diameter expansion process, so that an upward force is applied to the upper cup fitting 28, and the upper cup fitting 28 is axially applied to the outer fitting 30. May move upward in the figure.
- the upper cup fitting 28 is moved upward in the axial relative position with respect to the outer fitting 30, the portion near the inner end of the radially inward facing portion 100 as shown in FIG. There is a possibility that tensile strain is generated there.
- the outer cylindrical portion 64 of the outer metal fitting 30 has an inclined shape that expands downward, so that when the small-diameter portion 112 is expanded, Due to the effect of the inclined shape, a force is generated to push the main rubber part 84 downward.
- the force that the rubber of the main body rubber portion 84 tries to escape upward is balanced with the force that tends to escape downward, and as a result
- the force pushing the upper cup fitting 28 upward in the figure is effectively reduced or eliminated. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, it is possible to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of the tensile strain of rubber based on the movement of the position of the upper cup fitting 28 in the axial direction. If the inclination angle ⁇ of the outer cylinder portion 64 is larger than necessary, the pre-compression of the lower portion of the main rubber portion 84 may be insufficient. Therefore, the angle ⁇ is appropriately determined in consideration of this point. .
- the inner peripheral surface is formed into a straight shape in the axial direction (vertical direction) by expanding the diameter of the small-diameter portion 112, but depending on the various shapes and the like of the main body rubber portion 84, It is possible to make the shape of the surface other than the straight shape, and in some cases, the diameter of the small diameter portion 112 may be increased so as to leave a slight step portion in the cylindrical portion 36. Further, in the diameter expansion process shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a diameter expansion jig having a hole 120 at the center is used, but the diameter expansion process is performed using an apparatus having no such hole 120. It is also possible to do so.
- the present invention can also be applied to the upper support in a form in which the vehicle body load is applied to the coil spring through the main rubber part, and the present invention is a mode in which various changes are made without departing from the gist thereof. It is also possible to implement in a configuration.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
例えば下記特許文献1,特許文献2にこの種の技術が開示されている。
同図において、200はゴム弾性体202に一体加硫接着された円筒状のインナ金具、204は円筒状の筒状部206と、底部208と、鍔部210とを備えた、インナ金具200とは別体をなすカップ金具である。
ここではインナ金具200に対してカップ金具204の筒状部206を図中下向きに圧入し、これによりインナ金具200を拡径させてゴム弾性体202に予圧縮を与えている。
そこで上記のカップ金具をインナ金具として、これにゴム弾性体を一体加硫接着し、そしてカップ金具の筒状部を拡径させることでゴム弾性体に予圧縮を与えるようにすることで、円筒状のインナ金具を省略するといったことが考えられる。
これは、筒状部206の拡径変形に伴って筒状部206の内周面に連続した鍔部210の上面に図中矢印で示す向きの引張りの力が働くことによるものと考えられる。
また反り返りを矯正する工程を施したときに、その矯正工程でのばらつきが生じる問題が生じ、更に鍔部210に設けた車両への組付用の穴が変形を生じてしまう等の問題を発生してしまう。
小径部に対する拡径加工によって小径部が拡径方向に伸び、変形したとしても、その小径部と鍔部との間には変形を生じない大径部が存在していて、小径部の変形に伴う引張りの力が大径部で遮られ、鍔部の上面にはその引張りの力が働かないために、鍔部の反り返り変形を良好に防止することができるのである。
従ってカップ金具に対する拡径加工後において鍔部の形状を矯正する工程を不要となし得、従ってまた矯正工程で発生するばらつきの問題も無くすことができるとともに、鍔部の変形により鍔部に設けてある車両への組付用の穴の変形も防ぐことができる。
このようにすることで、小径部の拡径加工により本来予圧縮の必要な本体ゴム部に対して効果的に予圧縮を与えることができる。
但しこの場合、ゴム弾性体の成形時においてこれを成形する成形型のキャビティもまた完全に分断されることとなり、ゴム材料の注入によって本体ゴム部の側とストッパゴム部とを良好に同時成形することが難しい。
しかるにこの請求項5では、本体ゴム部の側とストッパゴム部の側とが薄ゴム部にて繋がっているため、それらを良好に同時成形することができる。
尚この薄ゴム部の肉厚としては、接着剤により効果的に動きの拘束される厚みとして2mm以下の肉厚となしておくことが望ましい。
これに対して請求項7によれば、そのようなカップ金具の軸方向の相対位置のずれを効果的に抑制することができ、そのことによってゴム弾性体に、特に薄ゴム部ないしその近傍に引張り歪みが発生するのを良好に抑制することができる。
またこのようなテーパ部を拡径治具に設けておくことで、拡径治具をカップ金具の筒状部に円滑に軸方向に圧入して小径部を拡径加工することができる。
従ってこの請求項8では、テーパ部にて小径部を拡径する場合においても、テーパ部の上端はえぐり部の上端と同等以下の位置となるようにしておき、テーパ部にて小径部における上向きのえぐり部に対応する部分を拡径するものとなしておく(請求項9)。
そのようなものでなければ、拡径治具の圧入による拡径加工の際に上記の亀裂発生を有効に防止することが難しい。
このようにすれば、拡径治具による小径部の拡径加工を円滑且つ良好に行うことができ、またカップ金具の内部に圧入され固定された状態の拡径治具を良好にカップ金具から抜き出すことができる。
この請求項10において、上記の第2の受治具は、内径が拡径治具の外径よりも大きな環状のものを用いることができる。
図1において、10は車両のサスペンションの要素をなす金属製のコイルスプリング、12は同じくサスペンションの要素をなすショックアブソーバで、シリンダ14とこれから上向きに突き出したピストンロッド16とを有している。
18は本実施形態のアッパーサポートで、このアッパーサポート18は、ピストンロッド16と図示を省略する車体パネルとを弾性連結して、それらの間で防振作用する。
このバウンドストッパ26は、下端部をシリンダ14に当接させることによってショックアブソーバ12の過大な収縮動作を規制する。
このアッパーサポート18にあっては、更に、上カップ金具28の下側に下向きの逆カップ状をなす下カップ金具34が接合され、固定されている。
ここで鍔部42は板状をなしていて、上カップ金具28の軸方向(車両組付状態で上下方向)に対し軸直角方向に張り出しており、平面視形状が円環状をなしている。
この鍔部42には、図3~図5(A)に示しているように車両への取付けのための2種類の貫通の穴部44と46とが設けられている。
ここで一方の穴部44は円形の穴とされており、また他方の穴部46は周方向に円弧状をなす長穴とされている。
上カップ金具28は、鍔部42から筒状部36の上端にかけての部分が円弧形状で湾曲する湾曲部50とされ、また筒状部36の下端から底部40にかけての部分が、同じく円弧形状で湾曲する湾曲部52とされている。
アウタ金具30は、この外筒部64からフランジ部66にかけての部分が逆U字状で全周に亘り上向きに湾曲形状で突出させられており、その突出部が、リバウンドストッパ部となる鍔部42に対するストッパ当り部68を成している。
各取付部74には取付ボルト76用の貫通の固定孔82が形成されており、そこに取付ボルト76が挿通状態で固定されている。
ここで取付ボルト76には、大径の頭部80側にセレーション部78が設けられており、そのセレーション部78を固定孔82の内面に食い込ませる状態に、固定孔82に固定されている。
ゴム弾性体32は、本体ゴム部84の上側に、上記のリバウンド側のストッパ当り部68の上面を被覆する被覆ゴム層69を備えた上ゴム部71を本体ゴム部84に連続して有している。
換言すれば、ゴム弾性体32にはその下面から上向きのえぐり部90が設けられ、ゴム弾性体32は、そのえぐり部90の上側に上記の本体ゴム部84を形成する形態をなしている。
ここでゴム板部94は、ばね受部92に対し一体に加硫接着されている。
従ってこの実施形態のアッパーサポート18では、車体の荷重はゴム弾性体32における本体ゴム部84を経由しないで、アウタ金具30から直接にコイルスプリング10へと加えられ、本体ゴム部84に対しては車体荷重は実質的に加わらない。
成形状態において本体ゴム部84の径方向の厚みは6.5mmであり、その厚みが径方向に1.3mm予圧縮されることで、その予圧縮率はここでは20%である。
但しえぐり部100は筒状部36までは到達しておらず、筒状部36の外周面に薄ゴム部(ここでは薄ゴム部104の径方向肉厚は0.5mm)104を残す位置まで、ゴム弾性体32を径方向内方に深く入り込んでいる。
従って厳密には本体ゴム部84の側とストッパゴム部102とは、この薄ゴム部104を残して上下に分断されている。
尚上記のえぐり部100は、外周面から径方向内方に進むに連れて図中上下幅が小さくなるような断面形状をなしている。
但しこのリバウンド側のストッパゴム部102は、鍔部42の穴部46及び44周りにおいては、穴部46,44に挿入ないし掛止される、車両への取付用の治具との干渉を回避すべく、径方向内方に部分的に凹陥せしめられている。
図5の28aは、拡径加工前の上カップ金具を示している。
図示のようにここでは拡径加工前の、即ち上記のゴム弾性体32との一体加硫接着前の上カップ金具28aの形状、より詳しくは筒状部36の形状を、鍔部42に続く上部を大径部110とし、底部40側の下部を小径部112とし、それら大径部110と小径部112との間の部分を段差部114として有する形状となしておく。
同様に大径部110もまた(厳密には湾曲部50の下側部分)内周面,外周面が軸方向にストレート形状をなし、更に段差部114は大径部110から小径部112にかけて逆テーパ形状をなしている。
尚この実施形態において寸法X1=35.4mmである。
一方小径部112の内径X2=32.8mmであり、従ってX1とX2との差X1-X2=2.6mmであり、従ってまた大径部110と小径部112との寸法差は径方向片側で1.3mmである。
また肉厚tはt=2.6mmであり、更に大径部110,小径部112,段差部114のそれぞれの軸方向(上下方向)寸法X3,X4,X5はそれぞれX3=4.3mm,X4=22.7mm,X5=4.5mmである。
本実施形態の製造方法では、図5に示す上カップ金具28aをインナ金具として用い、この上カップ金具28a及びアウタ金具30をゴム弾性体32の成形時にゴム弾性体32に対して一体に加硫接着する。
そしてその後において上カップ金具28aの小径部112に対し拡径加工を行って、ゴム弾性体32、詳しくは本体ゴム部84に対して予圧縮を与える。
図6(I)において、118は上カップ金具28aの筒状部36、具体的には小径部112を拡径するための拡径治具で、全体として円柱状をなしている。
ここで拡径治具118の外径は、大径部110の内径と同内径のX1である。
この拡径治具118には、その中心部に平坦な下端面で開口し、その下端面から上向きに延びる孔120が設けられている。
尚このテーパ部122に続く下端側には、更に面取り部124が微少範囲に亘って形成されている。
尚テーパ部122の高さX6=8mmで、このテーパ部122の高さX6は図2に示す上カップ金具28のテーパ部54と実質同じ高さである。
更にこのテーパ部122の傾斜角度θは、ここではθ=15°である。テーパ部122の高さX6は3~10mmの範囲内としておくこと、またテーパ部122の角度θは0超~15°の範囲内としておくことが望ましい。
130は、この受治具126から上向きに突出する状態に受治具126に取り付けられたガイドピンで、下端部に小径の挿込部132を有しており、この挿込部132が挿込孔128に挿し込まれることで、受治具126に取り付けられている。
図7(B)は、このようにして拡径治具118を筒状部36の内部に一杯まで圧入して、小径部112を拡径させた状態を示している。
この実施形態においてその予圧縮の圧縮率は上記のように20%である。
ここで予圧縮の圧縮率は、拡径加工前の本体ゴム部84の径方向厚みをAとしたとき、(δX/A)×100(%)で与えられる。
この拡径加工では、小径部112がテーパ部122によってもその下端部において拡径変形させられる。但しその拡径変形の程度は、小径部112における本体ゴム部84に対応する部分よりは小さい。
即ち受治具134は、拡径治具118の周りにおいて上カップ金具28の鍔部42を下側から受けてこれを支持する。
138は抜出ピンで、図中上端部に押圧部140を有している。
尚、ここでは拡径治具118の1回の圧入による拡径によって、小径部112を最終の拡径寸法まで拡径するようになしているが、拡径操作を複数回に分けて、段階的に小径部112を順次に拡径して行き、最終の拡径寸法となすようにしても良い。
以上のようにして上カップ金具28aに対する拡径加工を行い、本体ゴム部84に予圧縮を与えたところで、次に、下カップ金具34を上カップ金具28に溶接接合することで、図2に示すアッパーサポート18が得られる。
従って上カップ金具28aに対する拡径加工後において鍔部42の形状を矯正する工程を不要となし得、従ってまた矯正工程で発生するばらつきの問題も無くすことができるとともに、鍔部42の変形により鍔部42に設けてある車両への組付用の穴44,46の変形も防ぐことができる。
またこのようなテーパ部122を拡径治具118に設けておくことで、拡径治具118を筒状部36に円滑に軸方向に圧入して小径部112を拡径加工することができる。
この例では、アウタ金具30の外筒部64が(内周面及び外周面ともに)、下方に進むにつれて上カップ金具28の筒状部36との間の間隔を拡げる形状の、角度αで傾斜した下拡がりの傾斜形状となしてある(従って外筒部64は拡径前の上カップ金具28aの筒状部36に対しても傾斜している)。
そのため、アウタ金具30に対する上カップ金具28の軸方向の相対位置が図中上方に移動する可能性がある。
これは次のような理由による。
そのため小径部112を拡径加工したとき、強く圧縮される本体ゴム部84のゴム肉が、圧縮の弱い上ゴム部71の方へと逃げようとする。
しかも上ゴム部71の被覆ゴム層69はゴム幅W1が大きく、そこにゴム肉が逃げ易い形となっている。
従って本体ゴム部84のゴム肉は、これより下方の側には逃げ難い。
而して上カップ金具28がアウタ金具30に対し軸方向の相対位置を上向きに移動させると、図11(D)に示しているように径方向内向きのえぐり部100の内端近傍部が引張られて、そこに引張り歪みが発生する恐れがある。
そのために、この図10に示す実施形態においては、上カップ金具28の軸方向の位置移動に基づくゴムの引張り歪みの発生を無くし又は軽減することができる。
尚、外筒部64の傾斜角度αが必要以上に大きいと本体ゴム部84の下部の予圧縮が不十分となる恐れがあるため、角度αはこの点を考慮して適宜に定めることとなる。
例えば上例では小径部112に対する拡径加工によって、その内周面を軸方向(上下方向)のストレート形状となしているが、場合によって本体ゴム部84の様々な形状等に応じて、内周面の形状をストレート形状以外の形状となすことも可能であるし、また場合によって筒状部36に若干の段差部を残す形で小径部112を拡径加工するといったことも可能である。
更に図6及び図7に示す拡径加工の工程では、拡径治具として中心部に孔120を有するものを用いているが、このような孔120を有しないものを用いて拡径加工するようになすことも可能である。
その他、本発明は車体荷重が本体ゴム部を経てコイルスプリングにかかる形態のアッパーサポートに対して適用することも可能である等、本発明はその趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々変更を加えた態様・構成で実施することも可能である。
16 ピストンロッド
18 アッパーサポート
28,28a 上カップ金具
30 アウタ金具
32 ゴム弾性体
36 筒状部
40 底部
42 鍔部
48 挿通孔
64 外筒部
68,70 ストッパ当り部
84 本体ゴム部
90,100 えぐり部
102 ストッパゴム部
104 薄ゴム部
110 大径部
112 小径部
114 段差部
118 拡径治具
120 孔
122 テーパ部
126 受治具
130 ガイドピン
134 第2の受治具
138 抜出ピン
Claims (11)
- (a)インナ金具と、(b)径方向に離隔した位置で該インナ金具周りに配置されたアウタ金具と、(c)それらインナ金具とアウタ金具とを弾性連結する状態に該インナ金具及びアウタ金具に一体に加硫接着されたゴム弾性体と、を有し、該インナ金具側においてショックアブソーバのピストンロッドに、該アウタ金具側において車体にそれぞれ固定されて、それらピストンロッドと車体とを弾性連結し防振作用するアッパーサポートの製造方法であって、
筒状部と該筒状部の下端側の、中心部に前記ピストンロッドの挿通孔を有する底部、及び該底部とは反対側の該筒状部の上端側で径方向外方に張り出したリバウンドストッパ部として働く鍔部を有する、リバウンドストッパ金具を兼ねたカップ金具を前記インナ金具となして前記ゴム弾性体と直接一体加硫接着するようになし、
前記カップ金具は、前記ゴム弾性体との一体加硫接着前の前記筒状部の形状を、前記鍔部に続く上部を大径部とし、前記底部側の下部を小径部とし、それら大径部と小径部との間の部分を段差部として有する形状となして、該大径部の内径を、前記筒状部に対する拡径加工後の寸法として求められる内径に設定しておき、
前記ゴム弾性体との一体加硫接着後において、前記小径部に対する拡径治具の圧入により該小径部を拡径加工して該ゴム弾性体の該小径部に対応する部分に予圧縮を与える一方、前記大径部に対しては拡径加工を施さずに寸法及び形状を保持することを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。 - 請求項1において、前記小径部の上端の内径を前記大径部の内径と同内径とし、前記段差部を解消するまで該小径部を拡径加工することを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。
- 請求項2において、前記大径部の内周面と前記小径部の、前記ゴム弾性体に対して予圧縮を与える部分の下端に到るまでの内周面とを、該小径部の前記拡径加工によって連続した軸方向のストレート形状とすることを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。
- 請求項1~3の何れかにおいて、前記アウタ金具には、前記カップ金具の前記筒状部を径方向外方に離隔した位置で取り囲む形状の外筒部が設けてあって、
前記ゴム弾性体が、該カップ金具の該筒状部と該外筒部とで径方向に挟まれる筒状の本体ゴム部を有するものとなしてあり、
前記小径部の拡径加工により該本体ゴム部に対し予圧縮を与えることを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。 - 請求項4において、前記ゴム弾性体には、前記段差部の位置する軸方向位置において外周面から該段差部に向う径方向内向きのえぐり部を周方向に沿って環状に設けて、該えぐり部により、前記ゴム弾性体の、前記小径部の拡径により予圧縮の与えられる前記本体ゴム部と、前記鍔部の下面のリバウンド側のストッパゴム部とが、該段差部の外周面に接着剤にて動きの拘束される肉厚の薄い薄ゴム部を残して、径方向全体に亘って軸方向の上下に分断してあることを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。
- 請求項4,5の何れかにおいて、前記ゴム弾性体は、前記カップ金具の筒状部と前記アウタ金具の外筒部との間において下面から上向きに向う周方向に環状をなす上向きのえぐり部を有して、該えぐり部の上側に前記本体ゴム部を形成するものとなしてあることを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。
- 請求項4において、前記アウタ金具には、前記鍔部に対向してリバウンド側のストッパ当り部が前記外筒部に続いて設けてあるとともに、
前記ゴム弾性体は、該ストッパ当り部の上面を被覆する被覆ゴム層を有する、前記本体ゴム部の上側の上ゴム部を有するものとなしてあり、
該ゴム弾性体には、前記段差部の位置する軸方向位置において外周面から該段差部に向う径方向内向きのえぐり部を周方向に沿って環状に設けて、該えぐり部により前記ゴム弾性体を、前記本体ゴム部及び前記上ゴム部と前記鍔部の下面側のリバウンド側のストッパゴム部とに、該段差部の外周面に接着剤にて動きの拘束される肉厚の薄い薄ゴム部を残して、径方向全体に亘って軸方向の上下に分断してあるとともに、
前記外筒部は、下方に進むにつれて前記カップ金具の前記筒状部との間の間隔を拡げる下拡がりの傾斜形状となしてあり、
更に前記ゴム弾性体は、前記カップ金具の筒状部と前記アウタ金具の外筒部との間において下面から上向きに向う周方向に環状をなす上向きのえぐり部を有して、該えぐり部の上側に前記本体ゴム部を形成するものとなしてあることを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。 - 請求項6,7の何れかにおいて、前記拡径治具は、圧入側の先端部の外周面を先端に向って外径が漸次減少する形状のテーパ部となし、該テーパ部は、該拡径治具の圧入完了状態の下で上端位置が前記上向きのえぐり部の上端以下の位置に位置する形状となしてあることを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。
- 請求項8において、前記拡径治具は、前記テーパ部により前記小径部の、前記上向きのえぐり部に対応する部分を拡径するものとなしてあることを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。
- 請求項1~9の何れかにおいて、前記拡径治具を前記小径部に圧入して該小径部を拡径加工するに際し、
前記拡径治具として、圧入側の先端面で開口して該先端面から軸方向に伸びる孔を有するものを用いるとともに、
前記カップ金具の前記底部を下側から受ける受治具を用意して、該受治具からガイドピンを上向きに突出させておき、
該受治具にて前記底部を受け且つ前記ガイドピンを該底部の前記挿通孔から上向きに突出させた状態で、該ガイドピンを前記孔に挿入させながら前記拡径治具を前記小径部に対して下向きに圧入して該小径部を拡径加工し、
しかる後、前記受治具を前記ガイドピンとともに取り除くとともに、拡径加工品の上下向きを反転させて、前記カップ金具の前記鍔部を第2の受治具で下側から受けた状態で、前記小径部に圧入されて固定状態にある前記拡径治具の前記孔に抜出ピンを下向きに押し込んで、該拡径治具を該カップ金具から抜き出すことを特徴とするアッパーサポートの製造方法。 - (a)インナ金具と、(b)径方向に離隔した位置で該インナ金具周りに配置されたアウタ金具と、(c)それらインナ金具とアウタ金具とを弾性連結する状態に該インナ金具及びアウタ金具に一体に加硫接着されたゴム弾性体と、を有し、該インナ金具側においてショックアブソーバのピストンロッドに、該アウタ金具側において車体にそれぞれ固定されて、それらピストンロッドと車体とを弾性連結し防振作用するアッパーサポートであって、
筒状部と該筒状部の下端側の、中心部に前記ピストンロッドの挿通孔を有する底部、及び該底部とは反対側の該筒状部の上端側で径方向外方に張り出したリバウンドストッパ部として働く鍔部を有する、リバウンドストッパ金具を兼ねたカップ金具を前記インナ金具となして前記ゴム弾性体と直接一体加硫接着してあり、
前記カップ金具における前記底部側の下部が軸方向において部分的に拡径されることで、前記ゴム弾性体における該下部に対応した部分に予圧縮が与えられていることを特徴とするアッパーサポート。
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JP2007010005A (ja) | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-18 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | ストラットマウントおよびその製造方法 |
JP4777867B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2011-09-21 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 防振支持装置 |
JP2009030664A (ja) | 2007-07-25 | 2009-02-12 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | アッパーサポート組付体及びその組付方法 |
JP5291926B2 (ja) | 2007-12-18 | 2013-09-18 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ストラットマウント |
DE102009022841B4 (de) | 2009-05-27 | 2013-08-01 | Anvis Deutschland Gmbh | Elastisches Federbeinkopflager für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Einstellen einer Druckvorspannung in einem elastischen Ringkörper des Federbeinkopflagers |
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2011
- 2011-03-11 JP JP2011054520A patent/JP5876224B2/ja active Active
- 2011-08-31 DE DE112011101457.0T patent/DE112011101457B4/de active Active
- 2011-08-31 CN CN201180046250.3A patent/CN103124859B/zh active Active
- 2011-08-31 WO PCT/JP2011/069806 patent/WO2012043123A1/ja active Application Filing
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2012
- 2012-07-31 US US13/562,726 patent/US8813924B2/en active Active
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JPH11201218A (ja) * | 1998-01-14 | 1999-07-27 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | ゴムブッシュ |
JP2003090374A (ja) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-03-28 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | 防振ブッシュ及びその製造方法 |
JP2005256991A (ja) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-22 | Kayaba Ind Co Ltd | 油圧緩衝器 |
JP2007130650A (ja) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-31 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | 内筒拡径装置 |
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JP2012092958A (ja) | 2012-05-17 |
DE112011101457T5 (de) | 2013-03-07 |
JP5876224B2 (ja) | 2016-03-02 |
US20120292149A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
CN103124859A (zh) | 2013-05-29 |
DE112011101457B4 (de) | 2019-04-04 |
CN103124859B (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
US8813924B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 |
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