WO2011126058A1 - 破断判定方法、破断判定装置、プログラムおよびコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体 - Google Patents
破断判定方法、破断判定装置、プログラムおよびコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011126058A1 WO2011126058A1 PCT/JP2011/058739 JP2011058739W WO2011126058A1 WO 2011126058 A1 WO2011126058 A1 WO 2011126058A1 JP 2011058739 W JP2011058739 W JP 2011058739W WO 2011126058 A1 WO2011126058 A1 WO 2011126058A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0033—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining damage, crack or wear
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0092—Visco-elasticity, solidification, curing, cross-linking degree, vulcanisation or strength properties of semi-solid materials
- G01N2203/0094—Visco-elasticity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
- G01N2203/0212—Theories, calculations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fracture determination method, a fracture determination apparatus, a program, and a computer for determining fracture of a metal plate, a component made of a metal plate, a structure made of a metal plate, etc.
- the present invention relates to a readable recording medium.
- Such a vehicle body structure excellent in collision safety can be realized by absorbing the impact energy at the time of collision by a structural member other than the passenger compartment to ensure the living space by minimizing the deformation of the passenger compartment.
- each member passes through a complicated deformation path, so that the risk of fracture changes depending on the deformation history. Therefore, it has been difficult to accurately evaluate the risk of breakage for each part of each member.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-152407
- press forming simulation means equivalent plastic strain calculation means
- forming crack determination value calculation means forming crack determination means
- forming crack determination means forming crack determination means
- An arithmetic processing device for predicting forming cracks in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-260260 is disclosed.
- the molding crack judgment means of the arithmetic processing unit predicts the molding crack based on whether the judgment subject equivalent plastic strain exceeds the molding crack judgment value in the progressing direction of the strain, thereby forming the molding crack with reference to the molding limit diagram. When the occurrence is predicted, the molding crack can be predicted with higher accuracy.
- Patent Document 1 is a method for evaluating the margin of fracture based on the distance from the non-proportional forming limit value in the strain space, and it is necessary to recalculate the non-proportional forming limit value every time the progress direction of the strain changes. It was complicated.
- Patent Document 2 describes a data obtained from numerical analysis using a finite element method and a fracture limit stress as a fracture limit stress line obtained by converting a hole expansion rate into a stress. It is disclosed that the risk of fracture of a material is quantitatively evaluated by comparing line relationships.
- the fracture limit line can be easily and efficiently obtained, and the fracture limit can be determined with high prediction accuracy. .
- Patent Document 3 describes a data obtained from numerical analysis using a finite element method and a fracture limit stress as a fracture limit stress line obtained by converting a hole expansion rate into a stress. It is disclosed that the risk of fracture of a material is quantitatively evaluated by comparing line relationships.
- a fracture limit line is easily and efficiently obtained, and fracture is predicted with high accuracy. It is possible to evaluate the risk of fracture during press molding or collision.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a fracture limit acquisition system in which a user terminal provides material data for fracture determination to a server and acquires data of a fracture limit line from the server. It is disclosed. It is disclosed that the user terminal quantitatively evaluates the risk of material breakage using the obtained breakage limit line.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 described above can cope with non-proportional deformation by evaluating with stress, but do not specifically show a quantitative index expressing the degree of risk of fracture.
- the simple fracture determination method has a problem that the risk of fracture changes when the metal structure returns from the plastic state to the elastic state.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and is capable of performing a fracture determination with high accuracy even when the metal structure is returned from a plastic state to an elastic state.
- An object is to provide a determination method, a break determination device, a program, and a computer-readable recording medium.
- the present invention relates to a fracture determination method for determining fracture of a metal structure, a deformation analysis step for performing a deformation analysis from a deformation start to a deformation end of the metal structure, and the metal obtained by the deformation analysis step
- the stress when returning to the elastic state is expressed by (x, y) coordinates.
- the present invention is a fracture determination device for determining fracture of a metal structure, obtained by a deformation analysis unit that performs a deformation analysis from a deformation start to a deformation end of the metal structure, and the deformation analysis unit.
- the stress when returning to the elastic state is expressed as (x, y )
- a rupture determination unit that performs rupture determination of the rupture determination target portion using a re-yield stress determined by an intersection with a yield curve obtained from the plastic state.
- the present invention is a program for determining fracture of a metal structure, and obtained by the deformation analysis step for performing deformation analysis from the start of deformation to the end of deformation of the metal structure, and the deformation analysis step.
- the stress when returning to the elastic state is expressed as (x, y )
- This is a program for causing a computer to execute a rupture determination step of performing a rupture determination of the rupture determination target portion using a re-yield stress determined by an intersection with a yield curve obtained from the plastic state.
- the present invention is a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for determining fracture of a metal structure, a deformation analysis step for performing deformation analysis from the start of deformation to the end of deformation of the metal structure;
- a rupture determination step for determining a rupture of the rupture determination target portion using a re-yield stress determined by an intersection of a straight line satisfying the condition and a yield curve obtained from the plastic state of the rupture determination target portion.
- the fracture determination target portion of the metal structure is returned from the plastic state to the elastic state, the fracture determination can be performed with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the fracture determination device.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing processing of the fracture determination method in the first fracture determination mode.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing processing of the fracture determination method in the second fracture determination mode.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a stress space in an elastic state.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a stress space in a plastic state.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a stress space when the plastic state returns to the elastic state.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a process for calculating the risk of fracture.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining processing for calculating the equivalent plastic strain and the fracture limit equivalent plastic strain.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing breakage determination in the molding process.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing breakage determination in the molding process.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing break determination in the collision process.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal configuration of the fracture determination device.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the risk of fracture calculated by the method of the comparative example is displayed with contour lines.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example in which the fracture risk calculated by the method of the first embodiment is displayed with contour lines.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example in which the fracture risk calculated by the method of the second embodiment is displayed with contour lines.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the contour lines of the risk of breaking along the top t from the starting point s.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a fracture determination device 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the break determination device 10 includes a break determination main body 1, an input unit 2, and a display unit 3.
- the fracture determination main body 1 includes a deformation analysis unit 4, an extraction unit 5, and a fracture analysis unit 6.
- the fracture analysis unit 6 includes an estimation unit 7, a conversion unit 8, and a fracture determination unit 9.
- the fracture determination device 10 of the present embodiment simulates a series of deformations from the start of deformation to the end of deformation of a metal plate, a component made of a metal plate, and a structure made of a metal plate (hereinafter referred to as a metal structure).
- the rupture determination device 10 extracts a rupture determination target portion that is a target of rupture determination from the deformation state of the metal structure at an arbitrary timing according to the rupture determination mode, and performs a rupture determination on the rupture determination target portion.
- the rupture determination target portion is extracted from the deformation state of one or more predetermined or predetermined steps, and the extracted rupture Breakage determination is performed on the determination target part.
- the deformation analysis is performed from the start of deformation of the metal structure, and subsequently, the rupture determination target portion is extracted from the deformation state, the rupture determination is performed on the extracted rupture determination target portion, and the deformation is performed until the end of deformation. Repeat analysis and break determination.
- the fracture determination device 10 stores the material of the metal structure, the mechanical characteristic value, and the like in advance, and is ready for simulation. Assuming that a predetermined stress is applied to a predetermined position of the metal structure, the deformation analysis unit 4 starts a deformation analysis of the metal structure in accordance with an instruction from the input unit 2 (S21). The deformation analysis unit 4 performs deformation analysis at predetermined time intervals or time-steps determined according to the degree of deformation.
- the deformation analysis unit 4 uses a technique such as a finite element method for each step, sequentially analyzes deformation states such as stress and strain generated in the metal structure, and performs deformation analysis of the next step based on the deformation state. (S22). For example, at one part of the metal structure, as will be described later, the elastic state shifts to the plastic state, or the plastic state returns to the elastic state. The deformation analysis unit 4 performs deformation analysis until the end of deformation of the metal structure (S23). The deformation analysis unit 4 stores the deformation state of the metal structure by the deformation analysis for each step. In practical metal structure analysis, the number of steps is, for example, tens of thousands to millions of steps.
- the extraction unit 5 extracts the deformation state of one or more steps arbitrarily or in advance from the stored deformation state, and extracts an arbitrary or predetermined break determination target part from the extracted deformation state (S24).
- the deformation state to be extracted is a step deformation state arbitrarily input from the user via the input unit 2 or a predetermined step deformation state.
- the rupture determination target part to be extracted is a rupture determination target part arbitrarily input from the user via the input unit 2 or a predetermined rupture determination target part. It is possible to set the fracture determination target parts to be extracted as all the parts of the metal structure.
- it is desirable to extract the deformation state of all steps in order to determine the fracture state it is preferable to extract the deformation state of every step every 10 to 1000 steps in order to increase calculation efficiency.
- the rupture analysis unit 6 performs rupture determination on the extracted rupture determination target parts (steps S25 and S26). Details of the break determination by the break analysis unit 6 will be described later.
- the rupture analysis unit 6 stores the rupture determination of the rupture determination target part and ends the rupture determination.
- the first rupture determination mode after the deformation analysis from the start of deformation to the end of deformation of the metal structure, the deformation state of one or more steps is extracted, and an arbitrary or predetermined rupture determination target portion is extracted from the extracted deformation state. Extraction is performed, and rupture determination is performed on the extracted rupture determination target part. Therefore, even when the fracture determination target portion of the metal structure is in an elastic state or a plastic state, it is possible to determine the fracture in any step. Moreover, since the fracture
- the fracture determination device 10 stores the material of the metal structure, the mechanical characteristic value, and the like in advance, and is ready for simulation. Assuming that a predetermined stress is applied to a predetermined position of the metal structure, the deformation analysis unit 4 starts a deformation analysis of the metal structure in accordance with an instruction from the input unit 2 (S31). The deformation analysis unit 4 performs deformation analysis at predetermined time intervals or time-steps determined according to the degree of deformation.
- the deformation analysis unit 4 uses a technique such as a finite element method for each step, sequentially analyzes deformation states such as stress and strain generated in the metal structure, and performs deformation analysis of the next step based on the deformation state. (S32, S33). For example, at one part of the metal structure, as will be described later, the elastic state shifts to the plastic state, or the plastic state returns to the elastic state.
- the deformation analysis unit 4 stores the deformation state of the metal structure by the deformation analysis for each step.
- the extraction unit 5 extracts an arbitrary or predetermined fracture determination target portion from the deformed state of the metal structure after a predetermined step interval (S34).
- the step interval may be one step interval or an arbitrary step interval, but is preferably every 10 steps to 1000 steps in order to improve calculation efficiency.
- the rupture determination target part to be extracted is a rupture determination target part arbitrarily input from the user via the input unit 2 or a predetermined rupture determination target part. It is possible to set the fracture determination target parts to be extracted as all the parts of the metal structure. Note that the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 shows a method of performing deformation analysis after two step intervals.
- the break analysis unit 6 performs break determination of the extracted break determination target part (S35). Details of the break determination by the break analysis unit 6 will be described later.
- the break analysis unit 6 stores the break determination of the break determination target part.
- the extraction unit 5 extracts an arbitrary or predetermined fracture determination target part from the deformation state of the metal structure following the deformation analysis (S36, S37) after a predetermined step interval (S38). ).
- the break analysis unit 6 performs break determination of the extracted break determination target part (S39), records the break determination, and ends the break determination.
- S39 break determination of the extracted break determination target part
- the second break determination mode following the deformation analysis after a predetermined step interval from the start of deformation of the metal structure, an arbitrary or predetermined break determination target portion is extracted from the deformation state, and the extracted break determination target Break determination is performed on the part. This process is performed until the deformation is completed. Therefore, even when the fracture determination target portion of the metal structure is in an elastic state or a plastic state, the fracture determination can be performed. Moreover, since the fracture determination of the fracture determination target part can be performed continuously, the user can grasp how the metal structure breaks.
- the break determination device 10 can perform a break determination in a deformed state desired by the user.
- the break determination device 10 can perform break determination at any time after the end of deformation of the metal structure or from the start of deformation of the metal structure to the end of deformation. It can respond flexibly to this.
- the break analysis unit 6 can perform break determination of a break determination target part in a process including one or more deformation path changes.
- the fracture analysis unit 6 includes the estimation unit 7, the conversion unit 8, and the fracture determination unit 9 as described above.
- the estimation unit 7 estimates the fracture limit line of the strain space using the proportional load path.
- the conversion unit 8 converts the fracture limit line of the strain space obtained through the proportional load path into a fracture limit line of the stress space (hereinafter referred to as a fracture limit stress line).
- the rupture determination unit 9 calculates a rupture risk using the rupture limit stress line, performs a rupture determination from the calculated rupture risk, displays the result of the rupture determination on the display unit 3, and sets the rupture risk to a contour line. Or display.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 are diagrams showing the stress space on the (x, y) coordinate plane. 4 to 6, the extracted fracture determination target portions are the same, but the extracted timings are different. That is, FIG. 4 is a stress space when the elastic state before the fracture determination target part starts plastic deformation is extracted.
- FIG. 5 is a stress space when a plastic state in which the fracture determination target portion has started plastic deformation is extracted.
- FIG. 6 shows a stress space when a state in which a fracture determination target portion returns from a plastic state to an elastic state is extracted.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 will be described in detail.
- the above-mentioned fracture limit stress line can be shown on the outermost side, and the yield curve in the initial state estimated based on the material of the metal structure can be shown on the inner side.
- the elastic stress P shown in FIG. 4 is the stress P generated at the fracture determination target site, and can be indicated as the minimum principal stress ⁇ 2 on the x-axis and the maximum principal stress ⁇ 1 on the y-axis.
- y ( ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 2) x connecting the origin and the stress P can be obtained.
- the initial plastic stress A is a stress when the fracture determination target region shifts from the elastic state to the plastic state. Therefore, it is in an elastic state until the stress P exceeds the initial plastic stress A in the fracture determination target portion, and when it exceeds the initial plastic stress A, plastic deformation starts and a plastic state is obtained.
- the fracture limit stress B is a stress when the fracture determination target site is broken. Therefore, the fracture occurs when the stress P reaches the fracture limit stress B at the fracture determination target site.
- the same fracture limit stress line as in FIG. 4 and the yield curve in the initial state can be shown.
- the stress P in the plastic state shown in FIG. 5 is the stress P generated in the fracture determination target portion, and can be indicated as the minimum principal stress ⁇ 2 on the x-axis and the maximum principal stress ⁇ 1 on the y-axis.
- the yield curve in the plastic state can be shown in conjunction with the increase of the stress P in the plastic state.
- the breakage determination target part may be unloaded due to, for example, buckling of a part different from the breakage determination target part.
- the fracture determination target part since the stress P of the fracture determination target part is smaller than the stress P in the plastic state, the fracture determination target part returns from the plastic state to the elastic state.
- FIG. 6 shows the stress space when the fracture determination target part returns from the plastic state to the elastic state.
- the stress P when returning to the elastic state shown in FIG. 6 is the stress P generated in the fracture determination target portion, and is indicated as the minimum principal stress ⁇ 2 on the x axis and the maximum principal stress ⁇ 1 on the y axis. Can do. Note that the stress P is smaller than the stress P in the plastic state shown in FIG. 5 by being unloaded.
- the yield curve when returning to an elastic state can be shown.
- the yield curve when returning to the elastic state and the yield curve in the plastic state shown in FIG. 5 are the same curve.
- the yield curve when returning to the elastic state of FIG. 6 and the yield curve when returning to the elastic state of FIG. 5 will be described as the current yield curve. That is, even if the fracture determination target portion returns from the plastic state to the elastic state, the current yield curve shown in FIG. 6 is maintained without changing from the current yield curve shown in FIG. Therefore, the current yield curve shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained from the current yield curve shown in FIG.
- it is in an elastic state when the stress P when returning to the elastic state is inside the current yield curve.
- the rupture risk level (by comparing the rupture limit stress line with the stress P generated in the rupture determination target portion) Or the deformation margin) was calculated. Specifically, the fracture risk was calculated by the following f 1 expression.
- the f 1 formula based on the origin of the stress zero shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the distance to the coordinate point of the stress P occurring in fracture determination target portion in each of FIGS. 4 to 6, the breaking stress limit The ratio of the distance to the coordinate point of B is taken as the risk of breakage.
- Formula 1 when the stress P in the plastic state and the re-yield stress R coincide with each other as in the plastic state shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to calculate a certain degree of fracture risk. However, when the plastic state shown in FIG. 6 returns to the elastic state, the stress P when returning to the elastic state is closer to the origin than the re-yield stress R.
- the rupture risk is calculated to be smaller than the re-yield stress R in spite of the progress of the plasticity of the rupture determination target portion, and an accurate rupture determination cannot be made.
- the stress P of the elastic state has not exceeded the initial plastic stress A, occurs fracture risk Despite the absence, the risk of breakage is calculated.
- the fracture risk is calculated using the stress P in the plastic state in the plastic state shown in FIG.
- the fracture risk is calculated using the re-yield stress R instead of the stress P when the elastic state is returned.
- the criterion for calculating the fracture risk is the initial plastic stress A, not the origin. Therefore, in the elastic state shown in FIG. 4, the fracture risk is calculated as 0. That is, to calculate the risk broken by formula f 2 below.
- fracture risk is calculated as 0. Further, in the plastic state shown in FIG. 5, the fracture risk is calculated by a numerical value between 0 and 1 based on the coordinate point of the stress P in the plastic state. Further, when the plastic state shown in FIG. 6 returns to the elastic state, the fracture risk is calculated as a numerical value between 0 and 1 based on the coordinate point of the re-yield stress R.
- the break determination unit 9 can perform a break determination using the calculated break risk as a break determination index. Specifically, the break determination unit 9 performs a break determination based on a safety factor input in advance by the user via the input unit 2. The break determination unit 9 determines that “there is no possibility of breakage” when the risk of breakage is 0, and when the risk of breakage is greater than 0 and less than the safety factor, “the risk of breakage is low”. If the risk of breakage is greater than or equal to the safety factor and less than 1, it is determined that “the risk of breakage is high”, and if the risk of breakage is 1, it is determined that “breakage”. For example, the safety factor can be arbitrarily set by the user in the range of 0 to 1, such as 0.9.
- the estimation unit 7 has already estimated the fracture limit line of the strain space, and the conversion unit 8 converts the estimated fracture limit line of the strain space into the fracture limit stress line of the stress space, as shown in FIGS.
- FIGS. Such a (x, y) coordinate plane is shown.
- the converter 8 also shows the initial yield curve and possibly the current yield curve shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 on the (x, y) coordinate plane.
- the break determination unit 9 determines whether or not the break determination target part has started plastic deformation (S71).
- the fracture determination unit 9 may determine that plastic deformation has started when plastic strain is stored in the deformation analysis by the deformation analysis unit 5.
- the rupture determination unit 9 determines whether the rupture determination target part is in a plastic state or a state in which the plastic state has returned to the elastic state (S72). In the stress space shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the fracture determination unit 9 is in a plastic state when the stress P has reached the current yield curve, and is in a plastic state when the stress P has not reached the current yield curve. From this, it is determined that the state has returned to the elastic state.
- the current yield curve is obtained by the deformation analysis unit 5 storing the plastic strain of the fracture determination target portion, and the estimation unit 7 and the conversion unit 8 by the plastic strain. Can be shown in the (x, y) coordinate plane. This process is the same as the process shown on the (x, y) coordinate plane by converting the fracture limit line of the strain space estimated by the estimation unit 7 into the fracture limit stress line by the conversion unit 8.
- the break determination unit 9 calculates the break risk of the break determination target part (S74).
- the rupture determination unit 9 determines that the rupture determination target part is in an elastic state, and the above-described formula f 2 To calculate the risk of breakage as 0.
- fracture determination target region when the plastic state fracture determination unit 9, using the stress P of the plastic state, the initial plastic stress A, the fracture limit stress B the equation f 2 described above To calculate the risk of breakage.
- the fracture determination unit 9 determines the re-yield stress R, the initial plastic stress A, and the fracture limit stress B estimated in step S73. calculating a fracture risk using the equation f 2 that.
- the initial plastic stress A and the fracture limit stress B can be calculated in the same manner as in the plastic state.
- the fracture determination unit 9 calculates the risk of fracture using the re-yield stress R when the fracture determination target part returns from the plastic state to the elastic state. Therefore, when the fracture determination is performed in the stress space, it is possible to avoid the problem that the fracture risk changes when the fracture determination target part returns from the plastic state to the elastic state. Further, by using the initial plastic stress A as a reference instead of the origin as a reference for calculating the risk of fracture, the risk of fracture can be calculated excluding the case where no risk of fracture occurs.
- the above-described fracture determination method is an explanation from a state in which plastic deformation has not occurred in the fracture determination target part, but even if plastic deformation has already occurred in a part of the metal structure, the fracture is similarly performed. Can be determined. That is, the fracture determination device 10 can also determine a fracture even for a metal structure in which plastic deformation occurs due to, for example, press molding. In the case of such a metal structure, depending on the fracture determination target part, the current yield curve exists outside the initial yield curve as shown in FIG. 6 before the deformation analysis is started. The current yield curve can be shown on the (x, y) coordinate plane of the stress space by the conversion unit 8 by using the plastic strain stored by the deformation analysis unit 5 in the deformation analysis such as press forming.
- the fracture determination unit 9 converts the re-yield stress R and the fracture limit stress B calculated using the stress space in the first embodiment into equivalent stresses, respectively, and the equivalent stress shown in FIG. -Using the equivalent plastic strain curve, obtain the equivalent plastic strain ⁇ eq P and the fracture limit equivalent plastic strain ⁇ eq B, and calculate the fracture risk.
- the equivalent stress-equivalent plastic strain curve shown in FIG. 8 is based on the material of the metal structure, and is stored in the fracture determination device 10 in advance.
- the risk of fracture is calculated as 0 in the elastic state until the stress P at the fracture determination target site exceeds the initial plastic stress A.
- the fracture determination unit 9 converts the calculated re-yield stress R and the fracture limit stress B into equivalent stresses, respectively, and uses the equivalent stress-equivalent plastic strain curve shown in FIG. 8 to correspond to the equivalent plastic strain ⁇ eq P and the fracture limit equivalent.
- the plastic strain ⁇ eq B is obtained.
- Fracture determination unit 9 calculates the risk breakage by substituting the equivalent plastic strain epsilon eq P and fracture limit equivalent plastic strain epsilon eq B obtained below f 3 expression.
- the break determination unit 9 can perform a break determination using the calculated break risk and safety factor.
- the third embodiment a fracture determination method according to the third embodiment will be described.
- the degree of fracture risk described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment is calculated, and the fracture determination target portion is in an elastic state, a plastic state, or as shown in FIGS. regardless of when returning from the plastic state to the elastic state, and calculates the fracture risk by using the stress P which is generated in the fracture determination target portion and fracture limit stress B Comparative example f 1 described above.
- the break determination unit 9 determines the break risk calculated by the method of the first embodiment or the second embodiment and the break risk calculated by the comparative example according to an instruction via the input unit 2 of the user. At least one of the degrees is displayed on the display unit 3.
- the break determination unit 9 uses the origin of zero stress as a reference, the distance to the coordinate point of the stress P occurring at the break determination target site in FIGS. The ratio with the distance to the point is calculated as the risk of breakage.
- the fracture risk calculated by the first embodiment or the second embodiment is a more useful index.
- the user has a purpose such as wanting to suppress the stress of the rupture determination target portion, he wants to grasp the stress generated in the rupture determination target portion regardless of the state of the rupture determination target portion.
- the direction of fracture risk calculated a valuable indicator in Comparative Example f 1 described above. Therefore, by calculating both the fracture risk by the method of the first embodiment or the second embodiment and the fracture risk by the method of the comparative example, 1) increase the margin as a material, 2) stress It can be properly used according to the purpose such as suppressing. That is, it is possible to design a metal structure while properly using a margin as a material and a margin as a stress state.
- the estimation unit 7 is an approximate expression of a stress-strain curve obtained from a uniaxial tensile test, for example.
- the estimation unit 7 is an approximate expression of a stress-strain curve obtained from a uniaxial tensile test.
- the estimation unit 7 identifies the material parameter Kc based on the measured values of one or more maximum fracture limit strain ⁇ 1 and minimum fracture limit strain ⁇ 2 .
- the fracture limit line of the strain space is theoretically estimated using the estimation unit 7
- the fracture limit line of the strain space is experimentally measured without using the estimation unit 7.
- the fracture limit line of the strain space is obtained by calculating a plurality of in-plane strain ratios for a metal plate by a proportional load experiment, and then calculating the maximum fracture limit strain ⁇ 1 and the minimum fracture limit strain ⁇ 2 at each strain ratio. Obtained using measured values.
- the conversion unit 8 When converting the fracture limit line of the strain space into the fracture limit stress line of the stress space, the conversion unit 8 performs the above-described conversion using the yield law vertical law as an increase law of plastic strain. Specifically, as described above, Mises' yield function, which is a relational expression between the equivalent plastic strain ⁇ eq and each strain component ⁇ ij
- the fracture determination unit 9 compares the positional relationship between the fracture limit stress line of the stress space converted by the conversion unit 8 and the strain state of each part obtained from the simulation result of the plastic deformation process by the finite element method. When the strain in the deformation process reaches this limit strain, it is judged as “breaking” or “high risk of breaking”.
- the dynamic explicit method which is one of the finite element methods, is used as a deformation analysis method, the plastic strain obtained by the dynamic explicit method is converted into stress, and the stress is compared with the fracture limit stress line in the stress space. .
- the fracture determination unit 9 converts the strain obtained from the deformation state of the metal structure evaluated by the experiment into stress instead of performing the above simulation, and generates a fracture using the fracture limit stress line in the stress space. You may make it evaluate quantitatively the presence or absence of.
- the fracture determination unit 9 performs deformation analysis in consideration of the speed dependency of the deformation stress of the metal structure.
- the fracture determination unit 9 converts the plastic strain obtained from the deformation analysis to calculate the stress at the reference strain rate, and compares the stress with the fracture limit stress line in the stress space corresponding to the reference strain rate.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart in the case of performing fracture determination in the process of forming a metal structure, specifically, a metal plate.
- the estimation unit 7 stores the material and mechanical characteristic values (t (thickness of the metal plate), YP (yield strength), TS (tensile strength), El (total elongation), Based on U.El (uniform elongation), r value (Rankford value), n-th power hardening law / Swift hardening law), the fracture limit line of the strain space is estimated by the proportional load path (S91).
- the conversion unit 8 converts the experimentally measured fracture limit line of the strain space into the fracture limit stress line of the stress space using, for example, the Mises yield function (S92).
- the rupture determination unit 9 uses the rupture limit stress line converted by the conversion unit 8, the stress generated in the rupture determination target region, the current yield curve, and the initial yield curve to determine the rupture determination target region.
- the risk of breakage is calculated and a breakage determination is performed (S93).
- the break determination as described above, the risk of breakage and the safety factor are used, and “there is no possibility of breakage”, “the risk of breakage is low”, “the risk of breakage is high”, “ And so on. Further, the process for calculating the risk of breakage corresponds to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- step S93 the break determination unit 9 uses the break risk level and the safety factor of the break determination target part and determines that “breaking” or “high risk of break”, the following processing is performed. Is executed (S94). That is, the break determination unit 9 outputs the element ID, the metal plate thickness, strain, and stress information to the log file. In some cases, the break determination unit 9 erases the broken element, and the deformation analysis unit 4 continues the deformation analysis after the break.
- the break determination unit 9 performs the following various displays on the display unit 3 (step S95). That is, the break determination unit 9 contour-displays the risk of breakage in which the metal plate breaks as a scalar amount, or displays the stress history and the fracture limit stress line of the breakable risk part in the stress space. In addition, the break determination unit 9 also contours the risk of wrinkling in the metal plate. Here, the risk of breakage may be displayed for the variation (average value, lower limit value) within the standard of the shipping test value.
- step S93 determines in step S93 that each break determination target portion is “no possibility of breakage” or “the risk of breakage is low”, the fact is displayed on the display unit 3. (S96).
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart in the case of performing the fracture determination in the collision process of the structure made of the metal plate formed through the molding process following the fracture determination in the molding process of the metal plate in FIG.
- the fracture limit stress line converted in step S92 of FIG. 9 is taken over and used.
- the fracture determination unit 9 performs deformation analysis in consideration of the speed dependency of the deformation stress of the structure made of a metal plate.
- the fracture determination unit 9 converts the plastic strain obtained from the deformation analysis to calculate a stress at a reference strain rate, compares the stress with a fracture limit stress line corresponding to the reference strain rate, and A rupture risk is calculated and a rupture determination is performed (S103).
- the break determination as described above, the risk of breakage and the safety factor are used, and “there is no possibility of breakage”, “the risk of breakage is low”, “the risk of breakage is high”, “ And so on. Further, the process for calculating the risk of breakage corresponds to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the fracture determination unit 9 takes over the deformation state of the metal plate that has been subjected to the deformation analysis in the forming process of FIG. 9 as the initial condition of the deformation analysis in the collision process.
- This deformation state is the thickness of the metal plate and the equivalent plastic strain, or the thickness of the metal plate, the equivalent plastic strain, the stress tensor and the strain tensor.
- step S103 the break determination unit 9 uses the break risk level and the safety factor of the break determination target part to determine that “breaking” or “the risk of breakage is high”. Is executed (step S104). That is, the break determination unit 9 outputs the element ID, the metal plate thickness, strain, and stress information to the log file. In some cases, the break determination unit 9 erases the broken element, and the deformation analysis unit 4 continues the deformation analysis after the break.
- the break determination unit 9 performs the following various displays on the display unit 3 (step S105). That is, the break determination unit 9 contour-displays the risk of breakage in which a structure made of a metal plate breaks as a scalar amount, or displays the stress history and the breakage limit stress line of the breakable part in the stress space. At the same time, the fracture determination unit 9 also contours the risk of wrinkling in the structure made of the metal plate. Here, the risk of breakage may be displayed for the variation (average value, lower limit value) within the standard of the shipping test value.
- step S103 when the break determination unit 9 determines that each break determination target site is “no possibility of breakage” or “the risk of breakage is low”, the fact is displayed on the display unit 3. (S106).
- the present embodiment when determining the fracture of a metal structure, it is possible to easily and efficiently determine the fracture limit stress line and determine the fracture with high accuracy. Thereby, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the risk of press forming and fracture at the time of collision, and it is possible to realize an efficient and highly accurate design of an automobile body or the like that simultaneously considers the material, construction method, and structure.
- each step of deformation analysis and fracture determination (the flowcharts of FIGS. 2, 3, 7, 9, and 10) can be realized by operating a program stored in a RAM or ROM of a computer.
- This program and a computer-readable storage medium storing the program are included in the present invention.
- the program is recorded on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or provided to a computer via various transmission media.
- a recording medium for recording the program besides a CD-ROM, a flexible disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, a magneto-optical disk, a nonvolatile memory card, or the like can be used.
- the program transmission medium a communication medium in a computer network system for propagating and supplying program information as a carrier wave can be used.
- the computer network is a WAN such as a LAN or the Internet, a wireless communication network, or the like
- the communication medium is a wired line such as an optical fiber or a wireless line.
- the program included in the present invention is not limited to the one in which the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized by the computer executing the supplied program.
- a program is also included in the present invention when the function of the above-described embodiment is realized in cooperation with an OS (operating system) or other application software running on the computer.
- OS operating system
- the program is also included in the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an internal configuration of the fracture determination device 10.
- reference numeral 1200 denotes a personal computer (PC) provided with a CPU 1201.
- the PC 1200 executes device control software stored in the ROM 1202 or the hard disk (HD) 1211 or supplied from the flexible disk drive (FD) 1212.
- the PC 1200 generally controls each device connected to the system bus 1204.
- a RAM 1203 functions as a main memory, work area, and the like for the CPU 1201.
- a keyboard controller (KBC) 1205 controls instruction input from a keyboard (KB) 1209, a device (not shown), or the like.
- CRT controller 1206 is a CRT controller (CRTC), which controls display on a CRT display (CRT) 1210.
- Reference numeral 1207 denotes a disk controller (DKC).
- the DKC 1207 controls access to a hard disk (HD) 1211 and a flexible disk (FD) 1212 that store a boot program, a plurality of applications, an edit file, a user file, a network management program, and the like.
- the boot program is a startup program: a program for starting execution (operation) of hardware and software of a personal computer.
- NIC network interface card
- Figure 12 is a diagram showing a result of displaying the fracture risk calculated using the comparative example f 1 by contour lines.
- the contour line in the vicinity of the peak having the highest degree of risk of fracture becomes rough, and the fracture risk part cannot be specified.
- the deformation at both ends in the longitudinal direction is extremely small, the stress is distributed with a distribution when returning from the plastic state to the elastic state, so that dense contour lines are formed.
- FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 are diagrams showing the results of displaying the risk of fracture calculated by the method of the present embodiment with contour lines. By displaying the fracture risk calculated according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment with contour lines, the exact fracture risk can be visualized.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the rupture risk calculated by the method of the first embodiment with contour lines. As shown in FIG. 13, it is displayed in an easy-to-understand manner that the risk of fracture is high near the top at the center of the metal plate. In addition, it can be seen that the contour lines shown in FIG. 13 are rougher in the region where the deformation at both ends in the longitudinal direction is smaller than that in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the fracture risk calculated by the method of the second embodiment by contour lines.
- the distribution of the risk of fracture near the top of the center of the metal plate can be displayed in more detail, and it can be seen that the risk of fracture is high slightly outside the top. Further, it can be seen that the contour lines shown in FIG. 14 have a very low risk of fracture at a portion where the deformation at both ends in the longitudinal direction is small. In this respect, it can be seen that this is sensibly consistent with conventional experience.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the contour lines shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 along the path from the starting point s to the top t as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 shows contour lines in a state further deformed from the deformed state shown in FIGS.
- the horizontal axis is the position from the starting point s to the top t
- the vertical axis is the fracture risk.
- the actually broken position is a position near the top.
- the contour lines of fracture risk calculated using the comparative example f 1 it is difficult to accurately identify the position to break.
- the contour line of the risk of fracture calculated using the first embodiment it is possible to specify the fracture position to some extent, and it coincides with the actual fracture position.
- the contour line of the fracture risk calculated using the second embodiment the difference between the fracture position and the other fracture risk is clear, and it is possible to specify the fracture position more accurately.
- the degree of risk of fracture can be evaluated with high accuracy for each fracture determination target part even when complicated deformation is involved.
- visualizing the risk of breakage can help intuitional understanding, which is useful for studying countermeasures. Even if unloading occurs, the risk of breakage does not change, and the remaining ductility can be known.
- the risk of breakage may be converted into a deformation allowance and displayed, which can further help intuitive understanding.
- the fracture and the stress along the plane composed of the x axis and the y axis are generated in the fracture determination target portion of the metal structure, and the z axis is orthogonal to the x axis and the y axis. Applicable to negligible directional strain and stress.
- the present invention can be used for automobile collision simulation, part molding simulation, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、金属構造体の破断を判定する破断判定装置であって、前記金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までの変形解析を行う変形解析部と、前記変形解析部によって得られた前記金属構造体の変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した前記破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻っている場合、前記弾性状態に戻ったときの応力を、(x、y)座標平面において(x、y)=(σ2、σ1)(最大主応力:σ1、最小主応力:σ2)とすると、y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の前記塑性状態から求まる降伏曲線との交点により定まる再降伏応力を用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行う破断判定部とを有することを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、金属構造体の破断を判定するためのプログラムであって、前記金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までの変形解析を行う変形解析工程と、前記変形解析工程によって得られた前記金属構造体の変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した前記破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻っている場合、前記弾性状態に戻ったときの応力を、(x、y)座標平面において(x、y)=(σ2、σ1)(最大主応力:σ1、最小主応力:σ2)とすると、y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の前記塑性状態から求まる降伏曲線との交点により定まる再降伏応力を用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行う破断判定工程とをコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムである。
また、本発明は、金属構造体の破断を判定するためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体であって、前記金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までの変形解析を行う変形解析工程と、前記変形解析工程によって得られた前記金属構造体の変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した前記破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻っている場合、前記弾性状態に戻ったときの応力を、(x、y)座標平面において(x、y)=(σ2、σ1)(最大主応力:σ1、最小主応力:σ2)とすると、y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の前記塑性状態から求まる降伏曲線との交点により定まる再降伏応力を用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行う破断判定工程とをコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体である。
図1は、本実施形態に係る破断判定装置10の機能構成を示す図である。破断判定装置10は、破断判定本体部1、入力部2、表示部3を備えている。破断判定本体部1は、変形解析部4、抽出部5、破断解析部6を備えている。破断解析部6は、推定部7、変換部8、破断判定部9を備えている。
第1の破断判定モードでは、金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までを変形解析した後、任意あるいは予め定められた1つ以上のステップの変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した破断判定対象部位について破断判定を行う。
第2の破断判定モードでは、金属構造体の変形開始から変形解析を行うと共に引き続いてその変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した破断判定対象部位について破断判定を行い、変形終了まで変形解析と破断判定とを繰り返す。
変形解析部4は金属構造体の所定の位置に所定の応力が加わったと仮定して入力部2の指示に応じて金属構造体の変形解析を開始する(S21)。変形解析部4は所定の時間毎あるいは変形の度合に応じて定められる時間毎のステップで変形解析をする。また、変形解析部4は各ステップについて有限要素法等の手法を用い、金属構造体に生じる応力、歪み等の変形状態を逐次解析し、その変形状態に基づいて次のステップの変形解析を行う(S22)。例えば金属構造体の一部位では後述するように弾性状態から塑性状態に移行したり、塑性状態から弾性状態に戻ったりする。変形解析部4は金属構造体の変形終了まで変形解析を行う(S23)。変形解析部4はステップ毎に変形解析による金属構造体の変形状態を記憶する。なお、実用的な金属構造体の解析では、ステップ数が例えば数万ステップ~数百万ステップになる。
第1の破断判定モードでは金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までの変形解析後に、1つ以上のステップの変形状態を抽出し、抽出した変形状態から任意あるいは予め定められた破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した破断判定対象部位について破断判定を行う。したがって、金属構造体の破断判定対象部位が弾性状態および塑性状態であっても、任意のステップでの破断判定が可能である。また、任意の破断判定対象部位の破断判定ができるので、ユーザは金属構造体の局所的な強度を把握することができる。
変形解析部4は金属構造体の所定の位置に所定の応力が加わったと仮定して入力部2の指示に応じて金属構造体の変形解析を開始する(S31)。変形解析部4は所定の時間毎あるいは変形の度合に応じて定められる時間毎のステップで変形解析をする。また、変形解析部4は各ステップについて有限要素法等の手法を用い、金属構造体に生じる応力、歪み等の変形状態を逐次解析し、その変形状態に基づいて次のステップの変形解析を行う(S32、S33)。例えば金属構造体の一部位では後述するように弾性状態から塑性状態に移行したり、塑性状態から弾性状態に戻ったりする。変形解析部4はステップ毎に変形解析による金属構造体の変形状態を記憶する。
次に、破断解析部6は抽出された破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行う(S35)。なお、破断解析部6による破断判定の詳細は後述する。破断解析部6は破断判定対象部位の破断判定を記憶する。
第2の破断判定モードでは、金属構造体の変形開始から所定のステップ間隔後の変形解析に引き続いて、その変形状態から任意あるいは予め定められた破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した破断判定対象部位について破断判定を行う。この処理は、変形終了まで行われる。したがって、金属構造体の破断判定対象部位が弾性状態および塑性状態であっても、破断判定が可能である。また、連続して破断判定対象部位の破断判定ができるので、ユーザは金属構造体がどのような経過を経て破断するかを把握することができる。
次に、第1の実施形態に係る破断判定方法について説明する。なお、以下では抽出部5によって抽出された一つの破断判定対象部位の破断判定について説明するが、他に抽出された破断判定対象部位についても同様に行われる。
破断解析部6は、1つ以上の変形経路変化を含む過程における破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行うことができる。破断解析部6は、上述したように推定部7、変換部8、破断判定部9を備えている。推定部7は、比例負荷経路で歪み空間の破断限界線を推定する。変換部8は、比例負荷経路で得られた歪み空間の破断限界線を応力空間の破断限界線(以下、破断限界応力線という)に変換する。破断判定部9は、破断限界応力線を用いて破断危険度を算出し、算出した破断危険度から破断判定を行ったり破断判定の結果を表示部3に表示したり破断危険度を等高線にして表示したりする。
図4において、応力Pが比例負荷経路を経るとすると、原点と応力Pとを結ぶy=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線を得ることができる。このy=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と初期状態の降伏曲線との交わる交点は、推定される初期塑性応力Aとなる。初期塑性応力Aは、破断判定対象部位が弾性状態から塑性状態に移行するときの応力である。したがって、破断判定対象部位において応力Pが初期塑性応力Aを超えるまでが弾性状態であり、初期塑性応力Aを超えると塑性変形を開始して塑性状態となる。
図5では、図4で上述したように応力Pが初期塑性応力Aを超えているので破断判定対象部位が塑性状態である。また、塑性状態の応力Pが大きくなるのに連動して、塑性状態における降伏曲線を示すことができる。
f1式では、図5に示す塑性状態のように、塑性状態の応力Pと再降伏応力Rとが一致するような場合には、ある程度正確な破断危険度を算出することができる。しかしながら、図6に示す塑性状態から弾性状態に戻った場合には、弾性状態に戻ったときの応力Pが再降伏応力Rよりも原点に近づいてしまう。そのために、破断判定対象部位の塑性が進行しているにも関わらず、再降伏応力Rよりも破断危険度が小さく算出されてしまい、正確な破断判定をすることができない。また、f1式では、破断危険度を算出する基準を原点にしているために、図4に示す弾性状態では、弾性状態の応力Pは初期塑性応力Aを超えておらず、破断危険が生じないにも関わらず、破断危険度が算出されてしまう。
更に、破断危険が生じない場合を除外して破断危険度を算出するために、破断危険度を算出する基準を原点ではなく初期塑性応力Aとする。したがって、図4に示す弾性状態では破断危険度を0として算出する。
すなわち、以下の式f2によって破断危険度を算出する。
まず、破断判定部9は、破断判定対象部位が塑性変形開始しているか否かを判断する(S71)。破断判定部9は、変形解析部5による変形解析において塑性歪みが記憶されている場合、塑性変形開始していると判断すればよい。
破断判定対象部位が塑性変形開始している場合、破断判定部9は破断判定対象部位が塑性状態であるか、塑性状態から弾性状態に戻った状態であるかを判断する(S72)。破断判定部9は、図5および図6に示す応力空間において、応力Pが現在の降伏曲線に達している場合、塑性状態であり、応力Pが現在の降伏曲線に達していない場合、塑性状態から弾性状態に戻った状態であると判断する。
破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻った状態の場合、破断判定部9は再降伏応力Rを推定する(S73)。具体的には、図6で上述したように、破断判定部9は、y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と現在の降伏曲線との交わる交点を再降伏応力Rとして算出する。
また、破断判定対象部位が塑性状態の場合(S72を塑性状態に進む場合)、破断判定部9は、塑性状態の応力P、初期塑性応力A、破断限界応力Bを上述した式f2に用いて破断危険度を算出する。なお、図5で上述したように、破断判定部9は、y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と初期状態の降伏曲線との交わる交点を初期塑性応力Aとして算出する。また、破断判定部9は、y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と破断限界応力線との交わる交点を破断限界応力Bとして算出する。
破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻った場合(S73からS74に進む場合)、破断判定部9は、ステップS73で推定した再降伏応力R、初期塑性応力A、破断限界応力Bを上述した式f2に用いて破断危険度を算出する。なお、初期塑性応力Aおよび破断限界応力Bは、塑性状態の場合と同様に、算出することができる。
また、破断危険度を算出する基準を原点ではなく初期塑性応力Aを基準とすることで、破断危険が生じない場合を除外して破断危険度を算出することができる。
このような金属構造体の場合、破断判定対象部位によっては変形解析が開始される前から図6に示すように初期状態の降伏曲線の外側に現在の降伏曲線が存在する。この現在の降伏曲線は、変形解析部5がプレス成形等の変形解析で記憶した塑性歪みを用いることで、変換部8が応力空間の(x、y)座標平面に示すことができる。
次に、第2の実施形態に係る破断判定方法について図8を参照して説明する。
第2の実施形態では、破断判定部9は、第1の実施形態において応力空間を用いて算出した再降伏応力Rと破断限界応力Bとをそれぞれ相当応力に換算し、図8に示す相当応力-相当塑性歪み曲線を用いて相当塑性歪みεeq Pと破断限界相当塑性歪みεeq Bとを求め、破断危険度を算出する。図8に示す相当応力-相当塑性歪み曲線は、金属構造体の材料に基づくものであり、予め破断判定装置10に記憶されている。また、第1の実施形態と同様、破断判定対象部位の応力Pが初期塑性応力Aを超えるまでの弾性状態では破断危険度を0として算出する。
また、図6に示す塑性状態から弾性状態に戻った場合では、破断判定部9は、y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と現在の降伏曲線との交わる交点から再降伏応力Rを算出する。また、破断判定部9は、y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と破断限界応力線との交わる交点から破断限界応力Bを算出する。
なお、第1の実施形態と同様に、破断判定部9は算出した破断危険度と安全係数を用いて、破断判定を行うことができる。
次に、第3の実施形態に係る破断判定方法について説明する。
第3の実施形態では、第1の実施形態または第2の実施形態に記載した破断危険度を算出すると共に、破断判定対象部位が図4~図6に示すような、弾性状態、塑性状態または塑性状態から弾性状態に戻った場合に関わらず、破断判定対象部位に発生している応力Pと破断限界応力Bとを上述した比較例f1に用いて破断危険度を算出する。この場合、破断判定部9は、ユーザの入力部2を介した指示に応じて、第1の実施形態または第2の実施形態の方法により算出した破断危険度と、比較例により算出した破断危険度との少なくとも何れかを表示部3に表示する。
推定部7は、例えば単軸引張試験から得られる応力-歪み曲線の近似式
まず、推定部7は、予め記憶されている金属板の材料および機械的特性値(t(金属板の厚み)、YP(降伏強さ)、TS(引張り強さ)、El(全伸び)、U.El(均一伸び)、r値(ランクフォード値)、n乗硬化則/Swift硬化則)に基づき、比例負荷経路で歪み空間の破断限界線を推定する(S91)。
すなわち、破断判定部9は、要素ID、金属板の板厚、歪み、応力情報をログファイルに出力する。場合によっては、破断判定部9は破断した要素を消去し、変形解析部4は破断後の変形解析を継続する。
すなわち、破断判定部9は、要素ID、金属板の板厚、歪み、応力情報をログファイルに出力する。場合によっては、破断判定部9は破断した要素を消去し、変形解析部4は破断後の変形解析を継続する。
図12は、比較例f1を用いて算出した破断危険度を等高線で表示した結果を示す図である。図12に示すように、最も破断危険度が高い頂上近傍での等高線が粗になってしまい、破断危険部位を特定できない。一方、長手方向両端部は変形が極めて小さいにもかかわらず、塑性状態から弾性状態に戻ったときの応力が分布をもって負荷されているため、密な等高線ができてしまう。
また、除荷が発生しても、破断危険度が変化してしまうことがなく、実質的に残されている延性を知ることができる。また、破断危険度を変形余裕度に変換して表示してもよく、更に直観的な理解を助けることができる。
1)金属構造体が受けたダメージに応じて破断危険度を算出でき、除荷時にダメージから回復したという誤解を生じることがない。
2)相当塑性歪みに変換することで、破断の危険性が高い部位をより詳細に評価することができる。また、破断危険度が低い部位での等高線を粗にすることができるので、破断の危険性に対する従来経験とのかい離を少なくすることができる。
Claims (7)
- 金属構造体の破断を判定する破断判定方法であって、
前記金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までの変形解析を行う変形解析工程と、
前記変形解析工程によって得られた前記金属構造体の変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した前記破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻っている場合、
前記弾性状態に戻ったときの応力を、(x、y)座標平面において(x、y)=(σ2、σ1)(最大主応力:σ1、最小主応力:σ2)とすると、
y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の前記塑性状態から求まる降伏曲線との交点により定まる再降伏応力を用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行う破断判定工程とを有することを特徴とする破断判定方法。 - 前記破断判定工程では、
前記y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の初期状態の降伏曲線との交点により定まる初期塑性応力の座標点と、
前記y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の破断限界応力線との交点により定まる破断限界応力の座標点とを求め、
前記初期塑性応力の座標点から前記破断限界応力の座標点までの距離と前記初期塑性応力の座標点から前記再降伏応力の座標点までの距離とを用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断危険度を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の破断判定方法。 - 前記破断判定工程では、
前記y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の破断限界応力線との交点により定まる破断限界応力を求め、
前記破断限界応力に対応する破断限界相当塑性歪みと前記再降伏応力に対応する相当塑性歪みとを相当応力-相当塑性歪み曲線を用いて求め、
前記破断限界相当塑性歪みと前記相当塑性歪みとを用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断危険度を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の破断判定方法。 - 前記破断判定工程では、
前記y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の破断限界応力線との交点により定まる破断限界応力の座標点を求め、
原点から前記破断限界応力の座標点までの距離と前記原点から前記弾性状態に戻ったときの応力の座標点までの距離とを用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断危険度を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の破断判定方法。 - 金属構造体の破断を判定する破断判定装置であって、
前記金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までの変形解析を行う変形解析部と、
前記変形解析部によって得られた前記金属構造体の変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した前記破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻っている場合、
前記弾性状態に戻ったときの応力を、(x、y)座標平面において(x、y)=(σ2、σ1)(最大主応力:σ1、最小主応力:σ2)とすると、
y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の前記塑性状態から求まる降伏曲線との交点により定まる再降伏応力を用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行う破断判定部とを有することを特徴とする破断判定装置。 - 金属構造体の破断を判定するためのプログラムであって、
前記金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までの変形解析を行う変形解析工程と、
前記変形解析工程によって得られた前記金属構造体の変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した前記破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻っている場合、
前記弾性状態に戻ったときの応力を、(x、y)座標平面において(x、y)=(σ2、σ1)(最大主応力:σ1、最小主応力:σ2)とすると、
y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の前記塑性状態から求まる降伏曲線との交点により定まる再降伏応力を用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行う破断判定工程とをコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラム。 - 金属構造体の破断を判定するためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体であって、
前記金属構造体の変形開始から変形終了までの変形解析を行う変形解析工程と、
前記変形解析工程によって得られた前記金属構造体の変形状態から破断判定対象部位を抽出し、抽出した前記破断判定対象部位が塑性状態から弾性状態に戻っている場合、
前記弾性状態に戻ったときの応力を、(x、y)座標平面において(x、y)=(σ2、σ1)(最大主応力:σ1、最小主応力:σ2)とすると、
y=(σ1/σ2)xの関係を満たす直線と前記破断判定対象部位の前記塑性状態から求まる降伏曲線との交点により定まる再降伏応力を用いて前記破断判定対象部位の破断判定を行う破断判定工程とをコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
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WO2020129903A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-25 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 自動車車体用金属板材の衝突性能評価試験方法および設備 |
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RU2507496C1 (ru) | 2014-02-20 |
JPWO2011126058A1 (ja) | 2013-07-11 |
EP3023764B1 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
US8606532B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 |
EP3023764A1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
CN102822659B (zh) | 2014-02-19 |
BR112012025328B1 (pt) | 2020-02-04 |
CN102822659A (zh) | 2012-12-12 |
US20130006543A1 (en) | 2013-01-03 |
ES2565802T3 (es) | 2016-04-07 |
KR101227295B1 (ko) | 2013-01-30 |
EP2543983A4 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
TW201144800A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
EP2543983A1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
KR20120123724A (ko) | 2012-11-09 |
JP4980499B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
MY165050A (en) | 2018-02-28 |
EP2543983B1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
TWI391657B (zh) | 2013-04-01 |
BR112012025328A2 (pt) | 2016-06-28 |
ES2637038T3 (es) | 2017-10-10 |
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