WO2011074609A1 - ノイズ吸収布帛 - Google Patents
ノイズ吸収布帛 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011074609A1 WO2011074609A1 PCT/JP2010/072570 JP2010072570W WO2011074609A1 WO 2011074609 A1 WO2011074609 A1 WO 2011074609A1 JP 2010072570 W JP2010072570 W JP 2010072570W WO 2011074609 A1 WO2011074609 A1 WO 2011074609A1
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- Prior art keywords
- metal
- fabric
- noise
- absorbing
- noise absorbing
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/005—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems using woven or wound filaments; impregnated nets or clothes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
- H05K9/0084—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding comprising a single continuous metallic layer on an electrically insulating supporting structure, e.g. metal foil, film, plating coating, electro-deposition, vapour-deposition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a noise absorbing fabric in which a metal is processed into metal on at least one surface of the fabric.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a noise absorbing sheet in which a soft magnetic material is dispersed in a resin and is put into practical use.
- the principle of the performance of the noise absorbing sheet is that the soft magnetic material dispersed in the resin captures the electromagnetic wave and magnetically polarizes, and the electromagnetic loss is converted into heat energy by the magnetic loss at that time. is there. Since the soft magnetic material is a powder, it is necessary to knead and disperse in the resin, but since the soft magnetic material is a powder with high hardness, it is possible to uniformly disperse it in the resin at a higher concentration. difficult. Moreover, since the manufactured sheet
- the noise absorbing sheet is a sheet in which soft magnetic powder having a high specific gravity is dispersed, it is thick and difficult to incorporate in a narrow place.
- the matrix resin of the noise absorbing sheet is selected from a rubbery material in consideration of ease of use, but it is difficult to incorporate it into a place with a high curvature and to use it by bending.
- a powder having a complicated composition and structure of a soft magnetic material is used for a noise absorbing sheet.
- a powder having a complicated composition and structure of a soft magnetic material is used for a noise absorbing sheet.
- attempts have been made to control magnetism by using rare metals and / or microelements as raw materials for soft magnetic materials and making them more complex compounds there may be a cost problem.
- attempts have been made to increase the polarization of soft magnetic materials using soft magnetic materials such as needles and scales it is very difficult to increase the concentration of soft magnetic materials to make uniform sheets, and the cost And there was a problem in handling.
- the magnetic material including the above-described soft magnetic material is effective only for a specific frequency and it is difficult to absorb broadband noise. For this reason, it has been studied to mix particles effective for various frequencies into a sheet. However, when particles are mixed, the effect of each particle is reduced, and it is difficult to absorb broadband noise, and further, it is difficult to form a sheet.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 disclose noise absorbing sheets in which a soft magnetic material or metal is processed on the surface of a resin sheet.
- the above-mentioned noise absorbing sheet has a soft magnetic material or metal deposited on a resin sheet or film-like material, the surface is smooth and it is difficult to achieve higher performance. Therefore, in order to improve the performance, it has been attempted to divide the function into multiple layers and stack them, but it is difficult to improve the performance, and it is thick and difficult to use.
- Patent Documents 5 and 6 disclose a sheet-like composite magnetic body and a noise absorber, respectively. However, since the articles described in Patent Documents 5 and 6 both have a smooth surface, the conductivity of the metal itself increases the reflection of electromagnetic waves and inhibits the absorption of electromagnetic waves. . As shown in Patent Documents 3 to 6, when a layer of magnetic material or metal material is formed on a smooth surface such as a film or sheet, the layer of magnetic material or metal material becomes smooth, and the magnetic material or metal material originally has Conductivity becomes obvious, and electromagnetic waves are reflected by its large conductivity. These amplify noise by resonance of electromagnetic waves rather than absorbing noise.
- Patent Document 8 conductive fibers are dispersed in a resin to serve as a substitute for the soft magnetic material disclosed in Patent Document 1 or 2.
- the conductive fiber used in Patent Document 8 is a general material and does not have noise absorbing ability. That is, since the conductive fibers are dispersed in the resin as if to replace the needle-like soft magnetic material, the noise absorbing ability is not as good as that of the resin dispersion sheet product of the soft magnetic material as disclosed in Patent Document 1. It was. Further, the principle of operation has not been elucidated, and the sheet does not have practicality as a noise absorbing sheet, such as one that does not exhibit noise absorbing ability at all, or one that has excessively strong reflection of electromagnetic waves.
- the conventional noise absorbing articles have problems in usability, noise absorbing ability, and the like. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a noise absorbing fabric that is less likely to reflect electromagnetic waves and has excellent noise absorbing ability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a noise absorbing fabric having a noise absorbing ability over a wide band. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a noise absorbing fabric that is soft, flexible and thin, and can be incorporated into an intricate part such as an electronic component or a case by bending or folding. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a noise-absorbing fabric that can be produced easily and stably without using an expensive soft magnetic material, and that is inexpensive and has high performance.
- a noise absorbing fabric in which a metal is processed into metal on at least one surface of the fabric,
- the common logarithm of the surface resistivity of the metal-worked surface is in the range of 0 to 4,
- the noise absorbing fabric is in the range of 0 to 4.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention is less likely to reflect electromagnetic waves and is excellent in noise absorbing ability.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention also has a noise absorbing ability over a wide band.
- the noise-absorbing fabric of the present invention is soft, flexible and thin, and can be incorporated into an intricate part such as an electronic component or a case by bending or folding.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention can be produced easily and stably without using an expensive soft magnetic material, and is inexpensive and has high performance.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a cross section of one embodiment of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the conductivity gradient of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a metal cluster.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing one aspect of a state of lamination of metal particles on a fiber by a metal vapor deposition method.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the microstrip line method.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing measurement results obtained by the microstrip line method in Example 1.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing measurement results obtained by the microstrip line method in Example 4.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing measurement results obtained by the microstrip line method in Example 6.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a measurement result by the microstrip line method in Comparative Example 6.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram for explaining the loop antenna A method.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram for explaining the loop antenna B method.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the coupling attenuation amount of the noise absorbing fabric formed in Example 6 according to the loop antenna A method.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the coupling attenuation amount of the noise absorbing base material formed in Comparative Example 6 according to the loop antenna A method.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the transmission attenuation amount of the noise absorbing fabric formed in Example 6 according to the loop antenna B method.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the transmission attenuation amount of the noise absorbing base material formed in Comparative Example 6 by the loop antenna B method.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the result of magnetic field strength mapping by the noise-absorbing visualization device on the demo board before the noise-absorbing fabric is attached.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the result of magnetic field strength mapping by the noise-absorbing visualization device on the demo board after the noise-absorbing fabric formed in Example 6 is pasted.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the result of magnetic field intensity mapping by the noise-absorbing visualization device on the demo board after the noise-absorbing base material formed in Comparative Example 6 is pasted.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a result of electric field intensity mapping by the noise-absorbing visualization device on the demo board before the noise-absorbing fabric is attached.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a result of electric field intensity mapping by a noise-absorbing visualization device on a demo board after the noise-absorbing fabric formed in Example 6 is pasted.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a result of electric field intensity mapping by a noise-absorbing visualization device on a demo board after the noise-absorbing base material formed in Comparative Example 6 is pasted.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention.
- the noise absorbing fabric 1 in FIG. 1 includes a fabric 2 and a metal 3 that has been processed.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a cross section of one embodiment of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention.
- the noise absorbing fabric 1 of FIG. 2 includes a fabric 2 and a metal 3 that is metal-processed, and the metal 3 that is metal-processed is formed on the fibers 4 that constitute the fabric 2.
- the cross section of the fiber is all represented by a perfect circle.
- the common logarithmic value of the surface resistivity ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) of the metal-processed surface is in the range of 0-4.
- the common logarithm of surface resistivity means the value of log 10 X where the surface resistivity is X ( ⁇ / ⁇ ). If the common logarithmic value of the surface resistivity is less than 0, the conductivity is too high, and electromagnetic waves are mostly reflected at the surface of the noise absorbing fabric, more precisely at the metal-processed surface, and noise. Absorption capacity is inferior. When the conductivity is small and the reflection of electromagnetic waves is large, interference between electromagnetic waves occurs, and noise absorption is inhibited.
- the electromagnetic wave may pass through the noise absorbing cloth and the electromagnetic wave absorption ability (capturing ability) may be inferior.
- the common logarithmic value of the surface resistivity is in the range of 0 to 4
- the electromagnetic wave appropriately enters the inside of the noise-absorbing fabric of the present invention, and the electromagnetic wave that has entered is captured by the metal processed metal. Since it is converted into electricity and further converted into thermal energy by electric resistance, the noise absorption ability is increased.
- the common logarithm of the surface resistivity of the noise absorbing fabric is preferably in the range of 0.1-3.
- the surface resistivity can be measured by a four-terminal method using a low resistance meter Loresta-GP, model MCP-T600 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
- the inside of the noise-absorbing fabric has a lower conductivity than the metal-processed surface.
- the ratio of metal to the total amount of metal and fabric in the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention is set to be higher than that of the metal-worked surface. Can also be lowered.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the conductivity gradient of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention.
- the noise absorbing fabric 1 in FIG. 3 includes a fabric 2 formed from fibers 4 and a metal 3 that has been metallized. In FIG.
- the noise absorbing fabric 1 of FIG. 3 has a lower electrical conductivity inside than on the surface.
- the cross section of the fiber is all represented by a perfect circle.
- conductivity means the degree of conductivity.
- the conductivity gradient can be achieved, for example, by a metal vapor deposition method described later.
- metal is metal-worked on at least one surface of the fabric, but metal may be metal-worked on both surfaces of the fabric.
- the conductivity in the interior is smaller than the conductivity in the metal-machined surface in at least one surface, In the surface, it is more preferable that the conductivity inside is smaller than the conductivity in the surface where the metal is processed into a metal.
- the base material is a fabric that is an aggregate of fibers.
- a fabric By adopting a fabric as a base material, it is more flexible, flexible, and can be used in a more complicated shape when incorporated in an electronic device. It can be placed at a location where high electronic component noise occurs.
- fabric when the term “fabric” is simply used, it means that the metal is not processed with metal, and when the term “noise absorbing fabric” is used, it means that the metal is processed with metal. To do.
- the surface of the fabric is not smooth, when metal is processed from one direction by a metal vapor deposition method or the like, a plurality of metal clusters are formed. . Therefore, the electromagnetic wave entering from the outside is captured by the metal cluster having a certain conductivity and electric resistance value, converted into electric current, and then converted into thermal energy by electric resistance, so that its noise absorption is exhibited. The This point is greatly different from those having a smooth surface such as a conventional film or sheet.
- the metal processed metal by a metal vapor deposition method or the like on a smooth surface such as a film or a sheet, the metal processed surface becomes smoother, the large conductivity inherent in the metal is exhibited, The common logarithmic value of the surface resistivity tends to be less than 0, and reflection of electromagnetic waves tends to occur.
- the fabric used in the present invention is an aggregate of fibers, has many entanglement points between fibers, and its surface is non-uniform (having a curvature when viewed from one direction).
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention has a very high noise absorbing ability. Can have.
- the fabric used in the present invention is preferably a nonwoven fabric, and the fibers forming the fabric are preferably a synthetic long-fiber nonwoven fabric.
- a fabric such as a woven fabric or a knitted fabric has a high ratio in which fibers are oriented in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the fabric.
- the noise-absorbing fabric formed by metal processing a metal on the fabric has the metal oriented in a certain direction and has a certain direction in noise absorption. Therefore, when noise originates in a certain direction, a fabric having fibers oriented in a certain direction, such as a woven fabric and a knitted fabric, is preferable.
- a fabric in which the fibers are not oriented in a certain direction for example, a nonwoven fabric, is preferable.
- the fabric used in the present invention is a nonwoven fabric is more preferable.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention when used in an electronic device, is punched into a complicated shape depending on the shape of the electronic component, the shape of the circuit line, etc., and is attached to the electronic component or the transmission line, or the electronic component In many cases, it is used by being attached to the case. In woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and the like, when punched into a complicated shape, fiber pieces may be generated from the end of the punched portion. The fiber piece may be accompanied by metal processed metal, which may cause a short circuit and lead to an erroneous operation of the electronic component.
- the fabric used in the present invention is more preferably a fabric formed by heat.
- the binder may shift to an electronic device and malfunction. Therefore, it is preferable that the fabric is a synthetic long-fiber nonwoven fabric formed by heat without using a binder.
- the fibers constituting the fabric are preferably synthetic fibers capable of forming the fabric by heat.
- chemical fibers such as pulp and rayon fibers may easily contain moisture due to their hydrophilicity. If the contained moisture is re-released, it may lead to malfunction of the electronic device, which is not preferable.
- fibers constituting the fabric used in the present invention include polyolefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene, polyalkylene terephthalate resins (PET, PBT, PTT, etc.) and derivatives thereof, polyamide resins such as N6, N66, and N612, and Examples thereof include fibers formed from derivatives thereof, polyoxymethylene ether resins (such as POM), PEN, PPS, PPO, polyketone resins and polyketone resins such as PEEK, thermoplastic polyimide resins such as TPI, and combinations thereof. It is done.
- the said fiber can be suitably selected according to the environment where the noise absorption fabric of this invention is applied, it can be selected as follows, for example. Since polyamide resins such as N6, N66, and N612 and their derivatives are resins having a high water absorption rate, it is desirable to avoid application to the electronic content that is extremely disliked by moisture compared to other resins. When solder heat resistance is required, or when there is a possibility of malfunction due to heat from electronic components, for example, in electronic devices that require heat resistance, use PET resin, PPS resin, or PEEK resin. It is preferable to use formed fibers. On the other hand, judging from electrical characteristics such as dielectric constant and tan ⁇ , polyolefin resin, PET resin, PPS resin, PPO resin, PEEK resin and fluorine resin are preferable.
- the fiber is preferably a flame retardant fiber. This is because, from the viewpoint of safety of electronic components, fibers that are difficult to burn due to ignition should be adopted.
- the fiber diameter of the said fiber changes with environments where the noise absorption fabric of this invention is applied, generally it is preferable that it is 50 micrometers or less. This is because a fabric having a uniform inter-fiber distance can be obtained, and leakage of electromagnetic waves, for example, transmission can be reduced.
- the strength of the fiber is high and the possibility that the fabric or the noise-absorbing fabric is cut in the metal processing step or the environment in which it is used is low, stable processing and use can be performed.
- the fabric includes a layer of fibers having a fiber diameter of 7 ⁇ m or less (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “extra fine fibers”).
- extra fine fibers By including the ultrafine fiber layer, the number of fibers per unit volume is increased, and the specific surface area of the fiber is increased. As a result, the specific surface area of the metal layer is also increased, and the noise absorption capability is further increased.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention is thinned by including a layer of ultrafine fibers, it is suitable for an electronic device aiming at being light, thin, short, or small.
- the fabric used in the present invention preferably includes a fiber layer having a fiber diameter of 7 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably includes a fiber layer having a fiber diameter of 4 ⁇ m or less.
- the fiber diameter of the ultrafine fiber is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more.
- the ultrafine fibers are preferably produced by, for example, a melt blown method, an electrospinning method, or the like, and more preferably produced by a melt blown method. Further, as described above, in the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention, it is preferable that the fibers have random orientation without being oriented in a certain direction. In the case of a fabric made of ultrafine fibers, since the strength of the fabric tends to be low, fibers having a fiber diameter larger than that of the ultrafine fibers, that is, fibers having a fiber diameter of more than 7 ⁇ m (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “general fibers”). It may be preferable to use together with a fabric containing).
- the cross-sectional shape of the fibers constituting the fabric used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably a modified yarn, split yarn or the like in order to form a more uneven surface. Further, for the same purpose, crimp yarn, twisted yarn or the like can be used.
- the tensile strength of the fabric used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 N / 3 cm or more from the viewpoint of metal processing, handling properties when using a noise absorbing fabric, and the like. If the tensile strength is 10 N or more / cm, it is difficult for fabric to be cut or wrinkled in metal processing steps such as vacuum deposition and sputtering, and metal processing can be performed more efficiently. A noise-absorbing fabric with no problem can be produced.
- the tensile strength is more preferably 20 N / 3 cm or more. In addition, the said tensile strength means the value measured according to 5.3 of JIS-L1906: 2000 except the width
- the thickness of the fabric used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 400 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 15 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- metal processing may not have appropriate strength and waist, and metal processing may be difficult, and when metal processing is performed, metal penetrates and contaminates the device. There is.
- the strength of the noise absorbing fabric that has been punched may be weak.
- a waist may be excessively strong when processing a metal.
- the noise-absorbing fabric of the present invention is too thick to be inserted into a narrow part, difficult to bend, difficult to be folded, and sometimes difficult to be attached to an electronic component.
- the thickness of the fabric can be measured according to the method defined in JIS L-1906: 2000.
- the basis weight of the fabric used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 7 to 300 g / m 2 , and more preferably in the range of 15 to 150 g / m 2 . If the basis weight is less than 7 g / m 2 , the metal may penetrate through the metal and may contaminate the device. Further, the strength of the noise-absorbing fabric of the present invention is weak and may be difficult to use in processes such as processing and punching. If the basis weight is more than 300 g / m 2 , the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention may be excessively heavy. When the basis weight is in the range of 7 to 300 g / m 2 , the noise-absorbing fabric of the present invention can maintain the cloth shape and handleability is also good.
- the basis weight can be measured according to a method defined in JIS L-1906: 2000.
- the fabric used in the present invention preferably has an average pore diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m to 5.0 mm, and more preferably has an average pore diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the average pore diameter is less than 0.5 ⁇ m, the gap is too small, the distance between the metal clusters is not appropriately separated, and the current flow is not hindered. Further, the fibers are not separated appropriately, that is, the entanglement points between the fibers are not increased, and the noise absorption is not increased by the switching effect.
- the average opening diameter is more than 5 mm, the gap is too large, and the metal cannot be uniformly processed during metal processing, and it is difficult to obtain the target electric resistance value.
- the average pore diameter is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and most preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the average pore diameter can be measured by the method described in the examples.
- the production method is not particularly limited, and fabrics produced by various production methods can be used.
- moderate irregularities are formed on the surface of the fabric, so that after the metal processing, the noise-absorbing fabric of the present invention can have good conductivity and have an appropriate surface resistance value. be able to. That is, since the fabric as an aggregate of fibers does not have a surface as uniform as the film and is flattened while leaving the fiber shape, the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention is a cluster described later after metal processing. It becomes easy to have a structure, and noise absorption ability becomes higher.
- metal processing means that metal is attached, and specifically, metal can be attached on the fabric and / or in the fabric, or in some cases, in the fibers constituting the fabric.
- Means any treatment for example, physical metal vapor deposition (evaporation: EB vapor deposition, ion plating, ion sputtering: radio frequency method, magnetron method, counter target type magnetron method, etc.), chemical plating method (electroless) Plating, electrolytic plating, etc.).
- physical metal vapor deposition evaporation: EB vapor deposition, ion plating, ion sputtering: radio frequency method, magnetron method, counter target type magnetron method, etc.
- chemical plating method electrolytic plating, etc.
- fine metal particles are adsorbed on the fabric from the surface of the fabric, and the adhesion state of the metal can be controlled by the deposition conditions.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention It becomes easy to form a conductivity gradient between the surface and the inside. Also, since each fiber has a curvature on its surface, adopting a physical metal vapor deposition method in which the source of particles is in a single direction, the thickness of the metal is appropriate on each fiber. Since it becomes easy to produce a spot, it is preferable.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a state of lamination of metal particles on a fiber by a metal vapor deposition method.
- metal particles 6 are formed on the fibers 4 without being made uniform.
- the metal-processed metal has a thick portion and a thin portion that have different properties of capturing electromagnetic waves and have spots when observed from the viewpoint of electrical resistance. When the current flows through the portion, it is predicted that the electric resistance changes to thermal energy, and the noise absorption capability is increased.
- the metal is plated on the entire fabric, and the metal is laminated on the individual fibers fairly uniformly. Therefore, physical metal vapor deposition is more preferable as the metal processing.
- the metal deposition method is not particularly limited, and an arbitrary method can be selected.
- a cloth to be metal-worked may be placed in a vapor deposition apparatus having a certain degree of vacuum, the cloth is fed at a constant speed, and physically vapor deposited by a vapor deposition source.
- metal is atomized with an energy of about 1 EV, and this is physically adsorbed on the fabric.
- the vapor deposition particles can be accelerated and physically adsorbed with a stronger energy than the rare gas or EV vapor deposition method, so that the metal can be vapor-deposited in a deeper direction of the fabric.
- the sputtering method deposition with higher energy can be performed under the influence of a magnetic field, and in some cases, metal can be deposited not only in the depth direction of the fabric but also in the fiber. In this case, since the conductivity gradient is also formed in the fiber, the noise absorption ability is increased.
- a mild vapor deposition method such as EB vapor deposition
- the physical adsorption strength to the fiber surface is weak.
- a strong vapor deposition method such as sputtering, damage to the fabric and fiber is large, but physical adsorption strength to the fiber surface is high.
- the vapor deposition method can be appropriately selected according to the use of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention.
- the metal to be metal-worked is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive metal.
- a conductive metal For example, aluminum, tantalum, niobium, titanium, molybdenum, iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, copper, silver, Mention may be made of gold, platinum, lead, tin and tungsten, alloys such as SUS, and compounds such as oxides and nitrides, and mixtures thereof.
- valve action metals such as aluminum and tantalum, that is, when an oxide film is easily obtained only on the surface by oxidation, and an oxide layer does not easily propagate inside the metal, the conductivity on the surface A thin oxide film is formed which is slightly smaller.
- the metal having the valve action when the metal having the valve action is adopted as the metal to be metal-worked, a microscopic conductivity gradient is formed on the surface and inside thereof, thereby improving the noise absorbing ability. Is preferable.
- a metal having a valve action it is easy to maintain a constant surface resistance value without excessive oxidation of the metal during use.
- the metal used for the metal processing may or may not have ferromagnetism, paramagnetism or soft magnetism.
- the present invention is not intended to absorb noise due to magnetism macroscopically, but is intended to absorb noise due to conductivity.
- metal compounds such as iron and nickel permalloy have high magnetic permeability.
- metal compounds such as ferrite, iron, and nickel have been mainly used centering on these metal compounds.
- the noise absorbing ability is exhibited by the performance of these soft magnetic or magnetic metal compound fine particles. For this reason, the high magnetic permeability was the first physical index that affected the performance.
- a metal having a high magnetic susceptibility as a final product in order to exhibit noise absorbing ability due to magnetic loss.
- the metal having a high magnetic susceptibility include metal compounds such as iron, nickel, cobalt, and oxides and nitrides thereof.
- a metal other than the metal having a high magnetic susceptibility and a metal compound thereof are preferable, and a metal that does not have magnetism and a metal compound such as an oxide or nitride thereof are particularly preferable.
- a noise absorbing fabric including a metal having no magnetism which can be applied to a product that dislikes magnetism, is a more preferable embodiment. .
- the method for producing the fabric used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be prepared by a method for producing a general woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, or the like.
- a fabric used in the present invention is a nonwoven fabric, a spunbond method, a melt blown method, a flash spinning method, or the like, which is a method for producing a synthetic long fiber, is preferable.
- the fabric used for this invention is a nonwoven fabric, the papermaking method using a short fiber, the dry method, etc. can also be used.
- a method of producing a non-woven fabric using synthetic fibers is more preferable, and a noise-absorbing fabric that has high strength and is easy to process can be produced.
- a laminated nonwoven fabric formed by laminating a nonwoven fabric layer made of ultrafine fibers and a nonwoven fabric layer made of general fibers is preferable.
- the above-mentioned ultrafine fibers and general fibers are preferably made of a thermoplastic resin, and a non-woven fabric layer made of ultrafine fibers and a non-woven fabric layer made of general fibers are laminated by hot embossing. The tensile strength and bending flexibility of the nonwoven fabric can be maintained, and the heat resistance stability can be maintained.
- Examples of the laminated nonwoven fabric include those produced by laminating a layer of a spunbond nonwoven fabric, a layer of a meltblown nonwoven fabric, and a layer of a spunbond nonwoven fabric in that order, and then pressing with an embossing roll or a hot press roll.
- the laminated nonwoven fabric As the laminated nonwoven fabric, at least one layer of spunbond nonwoven fabric is spun on a conveyor using a thermoplastic synthetic resin, and a fiber diameter of 0.01- At least one layer of 7 ⁇ m ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric is sprayed. Then, the laminated nonwoven fabric manufactured by integrating by crimping using an embossing roll or a flat roll is preferable. Further, at least one thermoplastic synthetic long fiber nonwoven fabric using a thermoplastic synthetic resin is laminated on the meltblown nonwoven fabric before thermocompression bonding, and then integrated by crimping using an emboss roll or flat roll. The laminated nonwoven fabric manufactured by this is more preferable.
- the layer of the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric by the melt blown method is directly sprayed on the layer of the thermoplastic synthetic long fiber nonwoven fabric. It can be penetrated into the non-woven fabric layer, and the fiber gap of the non-woven fabric layer of thermoplastic synthetic long fibers can be filled. In this way, since the ultrafine fibers penetrate into the nonwoven fabric of the thermoplastic synthetic long fiber and are fixed by the melt-blown method, not only the strength of the laminated nonwoven fabric structure itself is improved, but also the layer of the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric. Since the movement due to the external force is less likely to occur, delamination is difficult.
- the manufacturing method of the said laminated nonwoven fabric is disclosed by international publication 2004/94136 pamphlet, international publication 2010/126109, etc.
- the basis weight of the spunbond nonwoven fabric layer is 1.0 to 270 g / m 2, and a basis weight of meltblown nonwoven fabric layer is 0.3 ⁇ 270g / m 2, and it is preferable basis weight of the whole is 7 ⁇ 300g / m 2.
- the basis weight of the spunbond nonwoven fabric layer is 3.0 to 100 g / m 2
- the basis weight of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer is 0.5 to 120 g / m 2
- the total basis weight is 15 to 150 g. / M 2 is more preferable.
- the fiber diameter of the fibers of the spunbond nonwoven fabric layer is preferably 4 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 40 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 6 to 35 ⁇ m.
- the fiber diameter of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer is preferably 7 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 4 ⁇ m or less.
- the fiber diameter of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more.
- the noise absorbing capacity of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention is clearly different from the above-described conventional technology, and the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention has a high magnetic permeability. Even if it has almost no value, it can exhibit high noise absorption ability.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention exhibits noise absorbing ability due to the gradient of conductivity. As described above, by performing desired metal processing on the surface of the fabric including the ultrafine fibers, the area of the metal-processed surface is increased, and the noise absorption capability is increased.
- the electromagnetic wave that becomes noise can be roughly divided into an electric field component and a magnetic field component (although the mechanism is slightly different between the near field and the far field), the noise absorbing cloth of the present invention is In particular, it is effective against electric field components. That is, it is considered that the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention exhibits noise absorbing ability due to conductivity loss. On the other hand, it is considered that a cloth having magnetism in which a soft magnetic material is kneaded exhibits noise absorption due to magnetic loss.
- the electric field component and the magnetic field component are integrated with each other. Therefore, if the effect is exerted on either one, the noise absorbing ability is enhanced as a whole.
- the noise-absorbing fabric of the present invention the following matters can be mentioned as advantages obtained by using a metal having no magnetism.
- devices recently used in electronic equipment include magnetic sensors, electronic compass, CD, DVD, and the like.
- the magnetic sensor and the electronic compass those containing a metal having magnetism cannot be used together.
- a device pickup device
- storage is performed depending on the presence or absence of magnetism, and most of the pickup devices that read this perform magnetic reading.
- reading defects are likely to occur. For this reason, noise absorbing sheets containing soft magnetic particles, magnetic particles and the like that have been used in recent years could not be used in these devices, but noise absorbing fabrics containing metals that do not have magnetism Can be used in the above apparatus.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention can be improved in performance by metal processing a metal having magnetism.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention can also contain a magnetic sheet containing a soft magnetic material.
- the thickness of the metal is not particularly limited as long as the common logarithm of the surface resistivity of the metal-worked surface is in the range of 0 to 4, but generally the thickness of the metal is not limited. Is preferably in the range of 2 to 400 nm, and more preferably in the range of 5 to 200 nm. If the thickness of the metal is less than 2 nm, the conductivity may be easily out of the above range. That is, when metal processing is performed, a portion where metal is not formed remains, and the common logarithm of surface resistivity may exceed 4. On the other hand, if the thickness of the metal is more than 400 nm, the thickness of the metal is excessive and current may flow excessively.
- the thickness of the metal can be measured by an SEM photograph image or the like.
- the metal clusters when the metal processed metal includes a plurality of metal clusters, the metal clusters preferably have an arithmetic average value of a major axis of 2 to 200 nm, and 5 nm to 100 nm. It is more preferable to have an arithmetic average value of the major axis.
- the metal processed metal has discontinuous metal clusters, a conductivity gradient is easily generated between the metal clusters. If the arithmetic mean value of the major axis of the metal cluster is 2 nm or more, noise can be absorbed more efficiently.
- the arithmetic mean value of the major axis of a metal cluster is 200 nm or less, the homogenization of the metal processed metal is not excessively promoted, and a good conductivity gradient can be formed. Since the noise absorbing fabric including extra fine fibers can easily form the cluster structure, higher noise absorbing ability can be exhibited.
- the major axis can be measured from an image of an SEM type electron microscope.
- the noise-absorbing fabric of the present invention can be subjected to the following treatment on one side or both sides in order to put it to practical use in an electronic device or the like.
- an insulation process can be performed in order to prevent a short circuit.
- resin coating, resin lamination, insulating film lamination, and the like can be performed.
- processing for imparting adhesiveness so as to stick to the electronic device, installation of screws, screw holes, and the like for setting in the casing of the electronic device.
- a treatment for imparting adhesiveness for bonding to an electronic device is preferable because fixing to the electronic device becomes easier.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention can be applied to electronic devices and the like as shown below to absorb noise.
- it can be affixed to electronic components such as LSI, and can be affixed to a circuit such as a glass epoxy substrate, FPC, or the back surface thereof, on a transmission line on the circuit, on a part where the electronic component is mounted on the circuit, etc.
- an adhesive layer can be provided on the front or back for bonding to the above electronic equipment, etc.
- an electrical insulation layer a film laminate, a polymer laminate layer can be provided on the front or back of the electronic device, etc., and an electrical insulation layer is formed by combining with other insulating materials, etc. Can be provided).
- Noise absorption visualization device Magnetic field strength measurement
- Measurement was performed using a printed circuit board electromagnetic wave analysis system (model: ESV-3000) manufactured by Noise Research Laboratory.
- the printed circuit board used for the measurement was a demo board made by Noise Research Laboratory.
- As the measurement probe a vertical magnetic field probe manufactured by Noise Research Laboratory was used.
- the measurement frequency was 100 to 400 MHz, and the value of the peak magnetic field strength within the frequency range at each measurement point was mapped.
- the size of the sample was 8 cm ⁇ 8 cm, and the magnetic field strength attenuation was observed from the difference in magnetic field strength before and after the sample was attached to the demo substrate.
- Noise absorption visualization device (electric field strength measurement) Measurement was performed using a printed circuit board electromagnetic wave analysis system (model: ESV-3000) manufactured by Noise Research Laboratory.
- the printed circuit board used for the measurement was a demo board made by Noise Research Laboratory.
- As the measurement probe a vertical magnetic field probe manufactured by Noise Research Laboratory was used.
- the measurement frequency was 250 to 700 MHz, and the value of the peak electric field strength within the frequency range at each measurement point was mapped.
- the size of the sample was 8 cm ⁇ 8 cm, and the electric field strength attenuation was observed from the difference in electric field strength before and after the sample was attached to the demo substrate.
- d C ⁇ r / P Formula (2) (Where d (unit: ⁇ m) is the pore diameter of the filter, r (unit: N / m) is the surface tension of the liquid, and P (unit: Pa) is the liquid film with the pore diameter destroyed. Pressure, and C is a constant.)
- a value obtained by dividing the wetting flow rate at a certain pressure by the dry flow rate at the same pressure is referred to as a cumulative filter flow rate (unit:%).
- the pore diameter of the liquid film destroyed at a pressure at which the cumulative filter flow rate becomes 50% was referred to as the average flow pore size, and this was used as the average pore size of the fabric used in the present invention.
- the maximum pore diameter is the range of ⁇ 2 ⁇ with a cumulative filter flow rate of 50% when measured using a fabric as a filter, that is, the pore size of a liquid film that is broken at a pressure at which the cumulative filter flow rate is 2.3%. did.
- Basis weight of fabric The basis weight of the fabric was measured in accordance with the method specified in JIS L-1906: 2000 by taking three samples of 20 cm in length and 25 cm in width per 1 m width of the sample, and measuring the average value per unit area. Calculated in terms of mass.
- the above conditions are the basic conditions for metal processing, and in order to change the amount of metal to be metal processed, the degree of vacuum, the amount of heat to the deposition source (in some cases, the amount of electricity to the heat source), and the deposition time are controlled,
- the surface resistivity was adjusted to have a common logarithmic value within the scope of the present invention.
- the amount of metal processed metal can be easily adjusted, for example, by changing the deposition time. For example, the deposition time can be reduced if the amount of metal being metallized is reduced, and the deposition time can be increased if the amount of metal being metallized is increased.
- Example 2 the vapor deposition time was changed from that in Example 1, and the metal thickness was changed.
- Example 4 to 10 and 17 to 23 Example 1 was followed except that the fabric was changed as shown below.
- Example 5 N05050 (material: nylon 6, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Fibers)
- Examples 6, 14 and 16 Precise AS030 (Material: PET, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Fibers)
- Example 7 Precise AS080 (Material: PET, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Fibers)
- Presise AS030, AS080 is a laminated nonwoven fabric in which a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer as a general fiber, a meltblown nonwoven fabric layer as an ultrafine fiber, and a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer are laminated in that order as shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 Example 1 was followed except that the following fabrics having different fiber diameters, basis weights, and thicknesses were used.
- E05020, E05030, E05120 (Material: PET, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Fibers)
- Example 17 Short fiber nonwoven fabric (wet nonwoven fabric: Pure 040BC Material: PET, manufactured by Awa Paper Co., Ltd.)
- Example 18 A short fiber nonwoven fabric (spun lace nonwoven fabric Sontara 8005 material: PET DuPont) was calendered and used.
- Example 19 Tyvek (material: polyethylene, manufactured by DAFS)
- Example 20 Short fiber nonwoven fabric: Unicel Melfit BT030EW (manufactured by Teijin)
- Example 21 Melt blown nonwoven fabric: E3008 (material: PET, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Fiber) was calendered and used.
- Examples 22 and 23 Taffeta with ester yarn was used.
- Example 11 In Example 11, a noise absorbing fabric was formed according to Example 1 except that the applied voltage for vapor deposition was 7.5 V and the applied voltage for vapor deposition was 10 V in Example 12.
- Example 13 and 14 Example 1 was followed in Example 13 except that the metal was changed to Ag.
- Example 14 a noise absorbing fabric was formed according to Example 1 except that Presise AS030 was used as the fabric and the metal was changed to Ag.
- Examples 15 and 16 Example 15 was followed in Example 15 except that the metal was changed to Ni.
- Example 16 a noise absorbing fabric was formed according to Example 1 except that Presise AS030 was used as the fabric and the metal was changed to Ni.
- Example 24 A general-purpose polyethylene terephthalate was extruded by a spunbond method at a spinning temperature of 300 ° C. toward a moving collection surface, a filament long fiber group was spun at a spinning speed of 3500 m / min, and 3 ⁇ C / g by corona charging.
- An unbonded long fiber web (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “web layer A”) having a uniformity of 5 cm fluctuation rate of 15% or less, consisting of filaments having an average fiber diameter of 11 ⁇ m, which is sufficiently opened by being charged to a certain extent,
- the basis weight was about 7.5 g / m 2 and formed on the collection net surface.
- polyethylene terephthalate (melt viscosity ⁇ sp / c 0.50) was spun by a melt blown method under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 300 ° C., a heating air temperature of 320 ° C., and a discharge air of 1000 Nm 3 / hr / m, Ultrafine fibers having an average fiber diameter of 1.7 ⁇ m were jetted directly toward the web layer A as a random web having a basis weight of about 5 g / m 2 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “web layer B”).
- the distance from the melt blown nozzle to the upper surface of the web layer A was 100 mm
- the suction on the collecting surface immediately below the melt blown nozzle was set to 0.2 kPa
- the wind speed was set to about 7 m / sec.
- a continuous fiber web of polyethylene terephthalate is opened in the same manner as the web layer A prepared first, and the web layer A / web layer B / web layer A A three layer laminated web was prepared.
- the three-layer laminated web was thermocompression-bonded between two flat rolls to obtain a three-layer laminated nonwoven fabric of nonwoven fabric layer A / nonwoven fabric layer B / nonwoven fabric layer A, and was formed first.
- a metal was processed into a metal to form a noise absorbing fabric.
- a noise-absorbing fabric including laminated nonwoven fabrics having different fiber diameters was formed through the same process except that the extrusion amount of the resin was changed. Table 1 shows the composition and fiber diameter of the obtained noise-absorbing fabric.
- Examples 25 to 27 Created in the same manner as in Example 24 except that the thickness, basis weight, and fiber diameter were changed as shown in Table 1.
- Examples 28 and 29 In the same manner as in Example 24, after forming a two-layer laminated web of web layer A and web layer B, the two-layer laminated web was passed between two flat rolls and heated. A two-layer laminated nonwoven fabric having a nonwoven fabric layer A derived from the web layer A and a nonwoven fabric layer B derived from the web layer B is obtained by press-bonding, and metal processing is performed on the nonwoven fabric layer B to obtain a noise absorbing fabric. Formed. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained noise-absorbing fabric.
- Examples 30 to 32 The melt blown method was used in the same manner as in Example 24, except that the web layer A was not formed, the amount of resin extruded when the web layer B was formed was changed, and the fiber diameter was changed. A noise absorbing fabric including the nonwoven fabric layer B was formed. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained noise-absorbing fabric.
- Examples 33 and 34 The spunbond method was used in the same manner as in Example 24, except that the web layer B was not formed, the amount of resin extruded when the web layer A was formed was changed, and the fiber diameter was changed. A noise absorbing fabric including the nonwoven fabric layer A was formed. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained noise-absorbing fabric.
- Examples 35 to 38 A nonwoven fabric composed of ultrafine fibers formed by electrospinning method (ELSP) manufactured by Finetex Technology Global Limited was further laminated on Presise AS030 to form a laminated nonwoven fabric, and A laminated noise absorbing fabric was formed by metal processing the metal on the nonwoven fabric side.
- the basis weight of ELSP was 2 g / m 2 or 1 g / m 2 .
- the ultrafine fiber material was nylon 6 in Examples 35 and 36, and PVDF in Examples 37 and 38. Examples 24 to 37 were carried out in the same manner as Example 1.
- a noise-absorbing substrate was produced according to Example 1 except that the metal species to be metal-worked and the thickness of the metal were changed.
- Comparative Examples 5 to 8 A noise-absorbing substrate was produced according to Example 1 except that the fabric was changed to a film and the metal species to be metal-worked and the metal thickness were changed.
- a Teijin Tetron film (type G2: 16 ⁇ m, type S: 188 ⁇ m) was used as the film, and in Comparative Example 8, a model H type manufactured by Toray DuPont was used: 25 ⁇ m. Was used.
- Example 9 A commercially available product (Busterade type R4N) was evaluated as a noise absorbing substrate.
- the results of Examples 1 to 38 are summarized in Table 1, and the results of Comparative Examples 1 to 9 are summarized in Table 2. Furthermore, the measurement results of the microstrip line method of Example 1, Example 4, Example 6, and Comparative Example 6 are shown in FIGS.
- FIGS. 15 and 16 show the transmission attenuation amount by the loop antenna B method of the noise absorption fabric of Example 6 and the noise absorption base material of Comparative Example 6 according to the loop antenna A method, respectively.
- FIGS. 15 and 16 show the transmission attenuation amount by the loop antenna B method of the noise absorption fabric of Example 6 and the noise absorption base material of Comparative Example 6 .
- FIG. 17 shows the result of magnetic field strength mapping by the noise absorption visualization device of the demo board before applying the noise absorbing fabric, and after applying the noise absorbing fabric of Example 6 and the noise absorbing substrate of Comparative Example 6.
- 18 and 19 show the results of magnetic field intensity mapping of the demo board of FIG.
- FIG. 20 the result of the electric field strength mapping by the noise absorptive visualization device of the demo board before attaching the noise absorbing cloth is shown in FIG. 20, and the noise absorbing cloth of Example 6 and the noise absorbing base material of Comparative Example 6 are attached.
- FIGS. 21 and 22 The results of the field strength mapping of the demo board after this are shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, respectively. From these results, it is suggested that the noise absorbing ability of the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention is largely due to the electric field suppressing effect rather than the magnetic field suppressing effect. 17 to 22, reference numeral 13 denotes a demo board.
- the noise absorbing fabric of the present invention is suitably used for a noise absorbing article to be attached to an electronic device.
- a noise absorbing article for example, it can be used by attaching to a housing of an electronic device and pasting on an electronic component or transmission line.
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Abstract
Description
このため、電子部品、伝送線路等に対し、また通信システムに対し、電磁波の干渉を防ぐ目的で、いわゆるEMC対策として、電子機器から発生するノイズを吸収するノイズ吸収体の必要性が高まってきている。
このため、種々の周波数に有効な粒子を混合して、シート化することも検討されてきた。しかし、粒子を混合すると、各粒子の効果が低減し、広帯域のノイズを吸収することが難しいこと、さらにシート化が難しいこと等の問題点があった。
特許文献3~6に示すように、フィルム、シート等の平滑面に、磁性材料又は金属材料の層を形成すると、磁性材料又は金属材料の層が平滑になり、磁性材料又は金属材料が本来有する導電性が顕在化し、その大きな導電度により、電磁波が反射される。これらは、ノイズを吸収するよりはむしろ、電磁波の共鳴により、ノイズを増幅させるものであった。
従って、本発明は、電磁波が反射されにくく且つノイズ吸収能に優れるノイズ吸収布帛を提供することを課題とする。
本発明はまた、広帯域にわたってノイズ吸収能を有するノイズ吸収布帛を提供することを課題とする。
さらに、本発明は、柔らかく、柔軟性に富み且つ薄く、電子部品、筐体等の入り組んだ部分に、曲げる、折る等により組み込むことができるノイズ吸収布帛を提供することを課題とする。
さらに、本発明は、高価な軟磁性体を用いることなく、簡易に且つ安定して生産でき、安価且つ高性能であるノイズ吸収布帛を提供することを課題とする。
[態様1]
布帛の少なくとも一方の面に、金属が金属加工されたノイズ吸収布帛であって、
金属加工された面の表面抵抗率の常用対数値が、0~4の範囲内にあることを特徴とする、
上記ノイズ吸収布帛。
上記金属が金属加工された面における導電度よりも、内部における導電度が小さい、態様1に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
[態様3]
上記布帛が、合成長繊維から成る不織布である、態様1又は2に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
前記布帛が、7μm以下の繊維径を有する繊維の層を含む、態様1~3のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
[態様5]
上記金属が、金属蒸着法により金属加工された、態様1~4のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
上記金属の厚さが2~400nmである、態様1~5のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
[態様7]
上記布帛の厚みが10~400μmであり且つ坪量が7~300g/m2である、態様1~6のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
上記布帛が、カレンダー加工された、態様1~7のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
[態様9]
上記布帛の平均開孔径が0.5μm~5.0mmである、態様1~8のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
上記金属が、一又は複数の、磁性を有しない金属である、態様1~9のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
[態様11]
上記金属が、一又は複数の、弁作用を有する金属を蒸着することにより金属加工された、態様1~9のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
[態様12]
態様1~11のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛を含むノイズ吸収物品。
本発明のノイズ吸収布帛はまた、広帯域にわたってノイズ吸収能を有する。
さらに、本発明のノイズ吸収布帛は、柔らかく、柔軟性に富み且つ薄く、電子部品、筐体等の入り組んだ部分に、曲げる、折る等により組み込むことができる。
さらに、本発明のノイズ吸収布帛は、高価な軟磁性体を用いることなく、簡易に且つ安定して生産でき、安価且つ高性能である。
本発明のノイズ吸収布帛は、布帛の少なくとも一方の面に、金属が金属加工されている。
図1は、本発明のノイズ吸収布帛の断面を模式的に示す図である。図1のノイズ吸収布帛1は、布帛2と、金属加工された金属3とを含む。
図2は、本発明のノイズ吸収布帛の一態様の断面を拡大した模式図である。図2のノイズ吸収布帛1は、布帛2と、金属加工された金属3とを含み、金属加工された金属3は、布帛2を構成する繊維4の上に形成されている。
なお、図2では、便宜上、繊維の断面を全て真円で表現している。
上記表面抵抗率は、三菱化学社製 低抵抗計Loresta―GP、型式MCP-T600を用い、4端子法で測定することができる。
なお、図3では、便宜上、繊維の断面を全て真円で表現している。また、本明細書において、「導電度」とは、導電性の度合いを意味する。
上記導電度の勾配は、例えば、後述の金属蒸着法により達成することができる。
当該布帛の両面に、金属が金属加工されたノイズ吸収布帛では、少なくとも一方の面において、上記金属が金属加工された面における導電度よりも、内部における導電度が小さいことが好ましく、そして両方の面において、上記金属が金属加工された面における導電度よりも、内部における導電度が小さいことがより好ましい。
なお、本明細書において、単に「布帛」と称する場合には、金属が金属加工されていないものを意味し、そして「ノイズ吸収布帛」と称する場合には、金属が金属加工されたものを意味する。
なお、図4では、図3と同様に、繊維の断面を全て真円で表現している。
上記ノイズ吸収布帛の基材として繊維の集合体である布帛を選択することにより、その交絡点はより増加し、より性能を発揮することができるようになる。
一般的に、織物、編物等の布帛は、繊維が、布帛の縦、横等の方向に配向している比率が高い。この場合、布帛に金属を金属加工することにより形成されたノイズ吸収布帛は、金属も一定の方向に配向し、ノイズ吸収性に一定の方向性を有する。従って、ノイズが一定の方向に由来する場合には、一定方向に配向した繊維を有する布帛、例えば、織物及び編物が好ましい。一方、一般的な電子機器のように、ノイズが種々の方向に由来する場合には、繊維が一定方向に配向していない布帛、例えば、不織布が好ましい。
また、本発明のノイズ吸収布帛は、電子機器に用いられる場合に、電子部品の形状、回路線路の形状等によって、複雑な形状に打ち抜かれ、電子部品や伝送線路に貼られるか、又は電子部品の筐体に貼られること等により使用されることが多い。織物、編物等では、複雑な形状に打ち抜かれた場合に、打ち抜かれた部分の端部から繊維片が発生する場合がある。上記繊維片は、金属加工された金属を伴う場合があり、短絡し、電子部品の誤操作につながる恐れがある。
本発明において、布帛を構成する繊維は、熱により布帛を形成することができる合成繊維が好ましい。また、パルプ、レーヨン繊維等の化学繊維は、その親水性のために、水分を含みやすい場合がある。含まれた水分が再放出されると、電子機器の誤作動につながるため好ましくない。
N6、N66、N612等のポリアミド系樹脂やその誘導体は、吸水率の高い樹脂であるので、他の樹脂と比較して、水分を極端に嫌う電子分内に適用することは避けることが望ましい。半田耐熱性が必要な場合や、電子部品等から出る熱による不具合が起こる可能性がある場合は、すなわち、耐熱性を必要とする電子機器では、PET系樹脂やPPS系樹脂、PEEK系樹脂から形成された繊維を用いることが好ましい。一方、誘電率、tanδ等の電気特性から判断すると、ポリオレフィン樹脂、PET系樹脂、PPS系樹脂、PPO系樹脂、PEEK系樹脂及びフッ素系樹脂が好ましい。
上記繊維の繊維径は、本発明のノイズ吸収布帛が適用される環境により異なるが、一般的には、50μm以下であることが好ましい。均一な繊維間距離を有する布帛を得ることができ、電磁波のもれ、例えば、透過を少なくすることができるからである。また、繊維の強度が高く、金属加工の工程や、使用される環境等において、布帛又はノイズ吸収布帛が切れる可能性が低いので、安定した加工、使用等ができる。
上記極細繊維は、例えば、メルトブロウン法、エレクトロスピニング法等により製造されることが好ましく、そしてメルトブロウン法により製造されることがより好ましい。
また、上述したように、本発明のノイズ吸収布帛において、繊維が一定方向に配向することなく、ランダム配向性を有することが好ましい。
極細繊維から成る布帛の場合には、布帛の強度が低い傾向があるので、極細繊維よりも太い繊維径、すなわち、7μm超の繊維径を有する繊維(以下、「一般繊維」と称する場合がある)を含む布帛と併用することが好ましい場合もある。
本発明に用いられる布帛の引張強さは、特に制限されないが、金属加工の工程、ノイズ吸収布帛を使用する際の取り扱い性等から、10N/3cm以上であることが望ましい。上記引張強さが、10N以上/cmであれば、真空蒸着、スパッタリング等の金属加工の工程で、布帛が切れる、しわがよる等が生じにくく、より効率よく金属加工することができ、さらに使用上も問題ないノイズ吸収布帛を製造することができる。上記引張強さは、20N/3cm以上であることがより好ましい。
なお、上記引張強さは、試験片の幅を3cmとした以外は、JIS-L1906:2000の5.3に従って測定した値を意味する。
上記布帛の厚みは、JIS L-1906:2000に規定の方法に従って、測定することができる。
上記坪量は、JIS L-1906:2000に規定の方法に従って測定することができる。
上記平均開孔径は、実施例に記載される方法により測定することができる。
さらに、熱圧着前にメルトブロウン不織布の上に熱可塑性合成樹脂を用いた熱可塑性合成長繊維不織布を少なくとも1層以上積層し、次いで、エンボスロール又はフラットロールを用いて圧着することにより一体化することにより製造された積層不織布がより好ましい。
また、スパンボンド不織布層の繊維の繊維径は、好ましくは4μm~50μm、より好ましくは5~40μm、そしてさらに好ましくは6~35μmである。
メルトブロウン不織布層の繊維径は、好ましくは7μm以下、より好ましくは4μm以下である。メルトブロウン不織布層の繊維径は、好ましくは0.01μm以上、そしてより好ましくは0.05μm以上である。
なお、本明細書において、上記金属の厚さは、SEM写真画像等により測定できる。
上記長径は、SEM型電子顕微鏡の画像から測定することができる。
測定方法及び評価方法は次の通りである。
IEC規格62333-2に準じて、マイクロストリップライン法で測定した。図6に示すように、50Ωのインピーダンスを有するマイクロストリップラインフィクチャー7(マイクロウェブファクトリー社製)と、ネットワークアナライザー9(アジレント・テクノロジー社製 型式N5230C)とを用い、Sパラメーター法により測定した。ノイズ吸収布帛の試料8の大きさは、5cm×5cmであり、これをマイクロストリップラインフィクチャー7上に置いて測定した。なお、図6において、符号10は、マイクロストリップラインを示す。
Sパラメーターの反射減衰量(S11)と、透過減衰量(S21)とを各周波数で測定し、次の式(1)からロス率を算出した。
ロス率(Ploss/Pin)=1-(S112+S212)/1 式(1)
三菱化学社製 低抵抗計Loresta―GP、型式MCP-T600を用い、4端子法で測定した。測定は、n=3とし、その平均値を用いた。
IEC規格62333-2に準じて、マイクロループアンテナ法で測定した。図11に示すように、2つのマイクロループアンテナ11を有するマイクロループアンテナフィクスチャー12(マイクロウェブファクトリー社製)と、ネットワークアナライザー9(アジレント・テクノロジー社製 型式N5230C)とを用い、Sパラメーター法により測定した。ノイズ吸収布帛の試料8の大きさは、5cm×5cmであり、これを2つのマイクロループアンテナ11の上に置いて、結合減衰量を測定した。
IEC規格62333-2に準じて、マイクロループアンテナ法で測定した。図12に示すように、2つのマイクロループアンテナ11を有するマイクロループアンテナフィクスチャー12(マイクロウェブファクトリー社製)と、ネットワークアナライザー9(アジレント・テクノロジー社製 型式N5230C)とを用い、Sパラメーター法により測定した。ノイズ吸収布帛の試料8の大きさは、5cm×5cmであり、これを2つのマイクロループアンテナ11の間に置いて、透過減衰量を測定した。
(株)ノイズ研究所製、プリント基板電磁波解析システム(型式:ESV-3000)を用いて測定した。測定におけるプリント基盤は、ノイズ研究所製のデモ基板を用いた。測定プローブは、ノイズ研究所製垂直磁界プローブを用いた。測定周波数は100~400MHzとし、各測定ポイントにおける、その周波数範囲内でのピーク磁界強度の値をマッピングした。試料の大きさは、8cm×8cmであり、試料をデモ基板に貼付ける前と後との磁界強度の差異から、磁界強度減衰量を観測した。
(株)ノイズ研究所製、プリント基板電磁波解析システム(型式:ESV-3000)を用いて測定した。測定におけるプリント基盤は、ノイズ研究所製のデモ基板を用いた。測定プローブは、ノイズ研究所製垂直磁界プローブを用いた。測定周波数は250~700MHzとし、各測定ポイントにおける、その周波数範囲内でのピーク電界強度の値をマッピングした。試料の大きさは、8cm×8cmであり、試料をデモ基板に貼付ける前と後との電界強度の差異から、電界強度減衰量を観測した。
薄膜透磁率測定システム(凌和電子社製 型式PMF-3000)を用いて測定した。試料を固定するために、PET樹脂シートに両面テープ(ニチバン製 NW-5)で貼り付けて測定した。測定は、n=3とし、その平均値を用いた。
PMI社のパームポロメーター(型式:CFP-1200AEX)を用いた。浸液にPMI社製のシルウィックを用い、試料を浸液に浸して充分に脱気し、測定した。
本測定装置は、フィルターを、あらかじめ表面張力が既知の液体に浸し、フィルターの全ての細孔を液体の膜で覆った状態からフィルターに圧力をかけ、液膜の破壊される圧力と液体の表面張力から計算された細孔の孔径を測定する。平均開孔径の算出には次の式(2)を用いた。
d=C×r/P 式(2)
(式中、d(単位:μm)はフィルターの開孔径であり、r(単位:N/m)は液体の表面張力であり、P(単位:Pa)はその孔径の液膜が破壊される圧力であり、そしてCは定数である。)
本明細書において、最大孔径は、布帛をフィルターとして測定し、累積フィルター流量が50%の-2σの範囲、すなわち、累積フィルター流量が2.3%となる圧力で破壊される液膜の孔径とした。
布帛の坪量は、JIS L-1906:2000に規定の方法に従い、縦20cm×横25cmの試料を、試料の幅1m当たり3箇採取して質量を測定し、その平均値を単位面積当たりの質量に換算して求めた。
JIS L-1906:2000に規定の方法に従い、幅1m当たり10箇所の厚みを測定し、その平均値を布帛の厚みとした。荷重は9.8kPaで行った。
平均繊維径(μm):電子顕微鏡写真から、任意に繊維をピックアップし、それらの直径を写真から読み取ることにより求めた。値は、n=50の相加平均値である。
SEM型電子顕微鏡(日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製SEM 型式S-4800)を用い、SEM写真画像により求めた。また、金属クラスターの長径も、SEM写真画像により求めた。各値は、n=30の相加平均値を採用した。
5cm×5cmの試料の片面全面に両面テープを貼付した。次いで、両面テープの残りの面を、卓球で用いるピンポン玉の半球に貼付し、その状態及び貼付しやすさを、次のように判定した。
◎:貼付しやすく、貼付した状態にも不具合が観察されなかった。
○:貼付しやすいが、一部試料の突起、皺、シートの破れ等が観察された。
△:貼付できるが、全体的に試料の突起、皺、シートの破れ等が観察された。
×:非常に貼付しにくく、全体的に試料の突起、皺、シートの破れ等が観察された。
以下の方法により、実施例1~38のノイズ吸収布帛を製造し、ノイズ吸収能を評価した。実施例1~3、11~13及び15では、旭化成せんい製のポリエステル樹脂によるスパンボンド不織布(E05050)を、布帛として用いた。蒸着は、真空蒸着装置と、熱源としてのニラコ製スタンダートボード(型式:SF-106 タングステン)とを用いて実施した。真空度5×10-5torrで、印加電圧5V、蒸着時間180秒を基本条件とした。
実施例4~10及び17~23では、布帛を以下に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1に従った。
実施例4:PU5040(素材:ポリプロピレン、旭化成せんい製)
実施例5:N05050(素材:ナイロン6、旭化成せんい製)
実施例6、14及び16:プレシゼAS030(素材:PET、旭化成せんい製)
実施例7:プレシゼAS080(素材:PET、旭化成せんい製)
プレシゼAS030、AS080は、表1に示すような、一般繊維としてのスパンボンド不織布の層と、極細繊維としてのメルトブロウン不織布の層と、スパンボンド不織布の層とがその順で積層された積層不織布である。
実施例8、9,10では、それぞれ、繊維径、坪量及び厚みが異なる下記の布帛を用いた以外は、実施例1に従った。
E05020、E05030、E05120(素材:PET、旭化成せんい製)
実施例18:短繊維不織布(スパンレース不織布 ソンタラ8005 素材:PET デュポン社製)をカレンダー加工し、使用した。
実施例19:タイベック(素材:ポリエチレン、DAFS社製)
実施例20:短繊維不織布:ユニセル メルフィット BT030EW(帝人製)
実施例21:メルトブロウン不織布:E3008(素材:PET、旭化成せんい製)をカレンダー加工し、使用した。
実施例22及び23:エステル糸によるタフタを使用した。
実施例15及び16:実施例15において、金属をNiに変更した以外は、実施例1に従った。実施例16において、布帛としてプレシゼAS030を用い、そして金属をNiに変更した以外は、実施例1に従って、ノイズ吸収布帛を形成した。
次いで、上記3層の積層ウェブを、2つのフラットロールの間に通して熱圧着させ、不織布層A/不織布層B/不織布層Aの3層の積層不織布を得て、そして最初に形成されたウェブ層Aに由来する不織布層Aの上に、金属を金属加工することにより、ノイズ吸収布帛を形成した。
樹脂の押出量を変える以外は、同様の工程を経て、異なった繊維径を有する積層不織布を含むノイズ吸収布帛を形成した。得られたノイズ吸収布帛の組成及び繊維径を表1に示す。
実施例25~27:表1に示すように厚み、坪量、及び繊維径を変えた以外は、実施例24と同様に作成した。
実施例33及び34:ウェブ層Bを形成せず、ウェブ層Aを形成する際の樹脂の押出量を変え、繊維径を変化させた以外は、実施例24と同様にして、スパンボンド法による不織布層Aを含むノイズ吸収布帛を形成した。得られたノイズ吸収布帛の性状を、表1に示す。
なお、実施例24~37は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
金属加工される金属種、及び金属の厚さを変更した以外は、実施例1に従って、ノイズ吸収基材を製造した。
布帛をフィルムに変更し、さらに、金属加工される金属種、及び金属の厚さを変更した以外は、実施例1に従って、ノイズ吸収基材を製造した。
なお、比較例5~7では、上記フィルムとして帝人テトロンフィルム(型式G2:16μm、型式S:188μm)が用いられ、そして比較例8では、上記フィルムとして、東レ・デュポン社製型式Hタイプ:25μmが用いられた。
ノイズ吸収基材として、市販の製品(バスタレイド 型式R4N)を評価した。
実施例1~38の結果を表1に、そして比較例1~9の結果を表2にまとめる。さらに、実施例1、実施例4、実施例6及び比較例6のマイクロストリップライン法の測定結果を、図7~10に示す。
これらの結果から、本発明のノイズ吸収布帛のノイズ吸収能は、磁界抑制効果よりも、電界抑制効果によるところが大きいことが示唆される。
なお、図17~22において、符号13は、デモ基板を意味する。
2 布帛
3 金属加工された金属
4 繊維
5 金属クラスター
6 金属の粒子
7 マイクロストリップラインフィクチャー
8 試料
9 ネットワークアナライザー
10 マイクロストリップライン
11 マイクロループアンテナ
12 マイクロループアンテナフィクスチャー
13 デモ基板
Claims (12)
- 布帛の少なくとも一方の面に、金属が金属加工されたノイズ吸収布帛であって、
金属加工された面の表面抵抗率の常用対数値が、0~4の範囲内にあることを特徴とする、
前記ノイズ吸収布帛。 - 前記金属が金属加工された面における導電度よりも、内部における導電度が小さい、請求項1に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記布帛が、合成長繊維から成る不織布である、請求項1又は2に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記布帛が、7μm以下の繊維径を有する繊維の層を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記金属が、金属蒸着法により金属加工された、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記金属の厚さが2~400nmである、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記布帛の厚みが10~400μmであり且つ坪量が7~300g/m2である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記布帛が、カレンダー加工された、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記布帛の平均開孔径が0.5μm~5.0mmである、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記金属が、一又は複数の、磁性を有しない金属である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 前記金属が、一又は複数の、弁作用を有する金属を蒸着することにより金属加工された、請求項1~9のいずれか1つに記載のノイズ吸収布帛。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載のノイズ吸収布帛を含むノイズ吸収物品。
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EP2515624A4 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
TW201141367A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
KR20120087988A (ko) | 2012-08-07 |
CN102656962A (zh) | 2012-09-05 |
JP2011146696A (ja) | 2011-07-28 |
US20120247868A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
JP2014197715A (ja) | 2014-10-16 |
US9972913B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
TWI586251B (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
CN102656962B (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
EP2515624A1 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
KR101515693B1 (ko) | 2015-04-27 |
EP2515624B1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
JP5722608B2 (ja) | 2015-05-20 |
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