WO2011007523A1 - ペリクルフレームおよびそれを含むペリクル - Google Patents
ペリクルフレームおよびそれを含むペリクル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011007523A1 WO2011007523A1 PCT/JP2010/004416 JP2010004416W WO2011007523A1 WO 2011007523 A1 WO2011007523 A1 WO 2011007523A1 JP 2010004416 W JP2010004416 W JP 2010004416W WO 2011007523 A1 WO2011007523 A1 WO 2011007523A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pellicle
- coating film
- electrodeposition coating
- pellicle frame
- peak
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/62—Pellicles, e.g. pellicle assemblies, e.g. having membrane on support frame; Preparation thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/62—Pellicles, e.g. pellicle assemblies, e.g. having membrane on support frame; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/64—Pellicles, e.g. pellicle assemblies, e.g. having membrane on support frame; Preparation thereof characterised by the frames, e.g. structure or material, including bonding means therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31511—Of epoxy ether
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31511—Of epoxy ether
- Y10T428/31529—Next to metal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pellicle frame and a pellicle including the pellicle frame, and more particularly to a lithography mask when exposing light having a wavelength of substantially 500 nm or less in a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device such as an LSI or a VLSI or a liquid crystal display panel.
- the present invention relates to a pellicle to be mounted and a pellicle frame constituting the pellicle.
- patterning is formed by irradiating light through a mask (exposure original plate). At this time, if foreign matter adheres to the mask, light is absorbed or bent by the foreign matter. For this reason, the patterning is deformed or the edges are roughened, and the dimensions, quality and appearance are impaired. Therefore, a method is adopted in which a pellicle that transmits light well is attached to the mask surface to suppress adhesion of foreign matter to the mask surface.
- the pellicle usually has a metal pellicle frame and a pellicle film attached to one end face of the pellicle via an adhesive. On the other end face of the pellicle frame, an adhesive layer for fixing the pellicle to the mask is formed, and the adhesive layer is protected with a sheet-like material (separator) having releasability.
- the pellicle that has been confirmed to have no foreign matter attached to the pellicle membrane is stored in a predetermined container, and is shipped or transported in a state of being strictly packaged and packed so that no foreign matter is mixed in.
- the material of the pellicle frame is usually an aluminum alloy.
- 1) black for preventing stray light, 2) light weight and high strength, 3) high surface hardness, etc. are indispensable, so a black anodized aluminum alloy is used. .
- the black alumite layer formed on the aluminum alloy surface has many irregularities, and is porous, hard and brittle. For this reason, the dust and black pigment that existed in the irregularities of the black anodized layer or inside the hole due to the force and vibration applied in the pellicle manufacturing process, or the friction between the storage case and the pellicle frame in the pellicle transport process, etc. Dust may be generated due to scattering or destruction of the surface of the brittle black alumite layer.
- the entire surface of the pellicle frame is dip-coated with a light-resistant non-adhesive transparent organic polymer or non-adhesive transparent fluorinated organic polymer to smooth the surface of the pellicle frame.
- a light-resistant non-adhesive transparent organic polymer or non-adhesive transparent fluorinated organic polymer has been proposed (see Patent Document 1, etc.).
- a method has been proposed in which a coating film of an acrylic resin is formed on the surface of an aluminum pellicle frame by a cationic electrodeposition coating method (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the pellicle frame of Patent Document 1 is obtained by coating the surface of a matte black pellicle frame that has been anodized with a colorless transparent resin. For this reason, when the coating film is peeled off due to friction or the like, residual sulfuric acid used in the anodizing process may be generated. Sulfate ions react with ammonia and the like to cause foreign matters. Further, if outgas such as sulfuric acid is generated from the pellicle frame, these gases are decomposed in the lithography process, and there is a possibility that accurate patterning cannot be performed.
- Fluorine polymer coating film has low affinity with aluminum and is easily peeled off at the interface with aluminum. That is, the compatibilization parameter of the fluoropolymer is about 3 to 7.6; the aluminum alloy is 72 (the unit is the square root of CAL / CM3), and the difference in the compatibilization parameter between the two is large (general The polymer compatibilization parameters of typical paints are 7-10). The larger the difference between the compatibilization parameters, the lower the affinity between the two, which means that they are more likely to peel off at the interface. For this reason, the coating film of the fluorine-based polymer is easily peeled off due to friction.
- the pellicle frames of Patent Documents 2 and 3 do not necessarily require an alumite treatment, the generation of sulfuric acid can be reduced.
- the film strength of the electrodeposition coating film of acrylic resin of Patent Documents 2 and 3 is low. For this reason, the coating film may be peeled off and dust may be generated due to vibrations or impacts during the pellicle manufacturing process, transportation by truck, rail, or airplane, and when loading or unloading luggage, and foreign matter may adhere to the pellicle film.
- the chemical resistance of the electrodeposition coating film of acrylic resin is low.
- the electrodeposition coating film is an organic coating and easily charged, so that the dust adheres to the electrodeposition coating frame.
- the electrodeposition coating frame may be washed with an organic solvent such as water, acetone, or tetrahydrofuran (hereinafter abbreviated as THF).
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- An object of the present invention is to provide a pellicle frame that generates a small amount of sulfate ions and outgas, has an appropriate film strength and high chemical resistance, and a pellicle using the pellicle frame.
- the present inventors have found that the balance between the rigidity and flexibility of the coating film is important in order to increase the film strength of the coating film and the adhesion to the pellicle frame.
- the balance between the rigidity and flexibility of the paint film is expressed as a ratio of specific peak intensities in the infrared absorption spectrum of the paint film; the ratio of peak intensities is the chemical structure of the cured epoxy resin contained in the paint film. It was found that it can be adjusted by.
- the present invention has been made based on such findings.
- a pellicle frame that supports the outer periphery of the pellicle film, wherein a coating film of an epoxy resin is formed on a surface of the pellicle frame, and the infrared absorption spectrum of the coating film of the epoxy resin is 1200 to
- the ratio of the absorbance of the peak existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 to the absorbance of the peak existing in the range of 1275 cm ⁇ 1 is 0.5 or more and 3 or less, and the peak existing in the range of 905 to 930 cm ⁇ 1
- a pellicle frame in which the ratio of the absorbance of a peak existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 with respect to the absorbance of is 1 or more and less than 7.
- the epoxy resin includes a bisphenol-type epoxy compound modified with an amine.
- a pellicle with less generation of sulfuric acid and outgas and less generation of haze such as sodium sulfate due to residual sulfuric acid.
- a pellicle having an appropriate film strength and high chemical resistance can be provided. Thereby, peeling of the coating film after impact, friction, and solvent immersion can be suppressed, and dust generation can be highly suppressed.
- the coating film of the epoxy resin on the surface of the pellicle frame can be formed by various methods such as a dip coating method, a spray method, an electrodeposition coating method, etc., but is formed by an electrodeposition coating method with easy film thickness control. It is preferred that The electrodeposition coating method includes a cationic electrodeposition coating method and an anion electrodeposition coating method. In the present embodiment, an example in which a coating film of an epoxy resin on the surface of a pellicle frame is formed by a cationic electrodeposition coating method will be described.
- the epoxy resin cationic electrodeposition coating composition used in the present invention comprises (A) a cationic epoxy compound, (B) a curing agent, (C) a pigment, and (D). It contains a neutralizing agent and (E) an aqueous medium, and further contains (F) other components as necessary.
- a cationic epoxy compound is a compound obtained by cationically modifying an oligomer having a polyhydric alcohol and epichlorohydrin as monomer components.
- the polyhydric alcohol that is the monomer component of the oligomer preferably contains a phenol derivative.
- the phenol derivative include bisphenol, phenol novolak, cresol novolak, and the like, and more preferably bisphenol.
- Bisphenol is represented, for example, by the following general formula (1).
- X represents a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) (C 2 H 5 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) (C 6 H 5 ) —, —O—, —S—, or —SO 2 — is represented; —CH 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 — is preferred.
- R 1 is each independently a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, or a phenyl group.
- p is the number of substituents R 1 and is an integer of 0 to 4.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) include a compound in which R 1 is bromine and four bromines are added at the ortho position with respect to the bonding position of the hydroxyl group.
- the polyhydric alcohol that is the monomer component of the oligomer may contain other polyhydric alcohols together with bisphenol.
- examples of other polyhydric alcohols include polyhydric phenols and aliphatic polyhydric alcohols.
- polyhydric phenol examples include 1,2-benzenediol, 1,3-benzenediol, 1,4-benzenediol, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene and the like.
- aliphatic polyhydric alcohol examples include glycol.
- Oligomers containing bisphenol and epichlorohydrin as monomer components are also commercially available.
- examples of commercially available bisphenol A type epoxy compounds include Epicoat 828 (manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy, epoxy equivalent of 180 to 190 g / eq), Epicoat 1001 (the same, epoxy equivalent of 450 to 500 g / eq), Epicoat 1010 (Equivalent epoxy equivalent: 3000 to 4000 g / eq) and the like.
- Examples of commercially available products of bisphenol F type epoxy compounds include Epicoat 807 (same as above, epoxy equivalent 170 g / eq).
- the cationic epoxy compound is a compound obtained by cation modification of an oligomer having a polyhydric alcohol and epichlorohydrin as monomer components. Although all of the epoxy rings contained in the oligomer may be cationically modified; it is preferred that only some of the epoxy rings be cationically modified to leave some of the epoxy rings remaining.
- the cation modification means that an epoxy group is reacted with an active hydrogen compound to cause a ring-opening addition reaction.
- active hydrogen compounds are amines and their acid salts, sulfides and acid mixtures.
- the oligomer may be modified by combining two or more active hydrogen compounds.
- the active hydrogen compound for cation modification preferably contains an amine and its acid salt. Modification with amine is referred to as amine modification.
- the amine may be a primary amine, a secondary amine, or a tertiary amine.
- amines and their acid salts include butylamine, octylamine, diethylamine, dibutylamine, methylbutylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, N-ethylethanolamine, triethylamine, N, N-dimethylbenzylamine And amines such as N, N-dimethylethanolamine or acid salts thereof.
- the number average molecular weight of the amine-modified epoxy compound is preferably in the range of 1500 to 5000, and more preferably in the range of 1600 to 3000. When the number average molecular weight is less than 1500, the cured film may have poor solvent resistance. When the number average molecular weight exceeds 5000, it becomes difficult to control the viscosity of the resin solution.
- the number average molecular weight of the amine-modified epoxy compound is measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the cured product of the cationic electrodeposition coating composition of the present invention has an infrared absorption spectrum thereof.
- Absorbance of peak B derived from the benzene nucleus (absorbance of peak existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 ); Absorbance of peak A derived from ether bonded to the benzene nucleus (in the range of 1200 to 1275 cm ⁇ 1 ) 2) Absorbance of peak C derived from unreacted epoxy group (absorbance of peak existing in the range of 905 to 930 cm ⁇ 1 ); and peak B derived from benzene nucleus
- the ratio with the absorbance is preferably in a specific range.
- the ratio between the absorbance of the peak B derived from the benzene nucleus and the absorbance of the peak A derived from the ether bonded to the benzene nucleus can be adjusted by the structure and composition of the polyhydric alcohol constituting the oligomer.
- X of the bisphenol represented by the general formula (1) is an oxygen atom
- the absorbance of the peak A derived from the ether bonded to the benzene nucleus can be increased
- X can be represented by —C (CH 3 ) (C 6 If H 5 ) — is used or R 1 in the general formula (1) is a phenyl group
- the absorbance of the peak B derived from the benzene nucleus can be increased.
- the absorbance of the peak A derived from the ether bonded to the benzene nucleus is increased; if a part of the polyhydric alcohol is changed to the aliphatic polyhydric alcohol, the relative In addition, the absorbance of the peak B derived from the benzene nucleus decreases.
- the ratio between the absorbance of peak C derived from unreacted epoxy groups and the absorbance of peak B derived from benzene nuclei can be adjusted by, for example, the modification rate of cation modification. That is, the lower the cation modification rate and the higher the epoxy ring remaining rate, the higher the absorbance at peak C.
- the modification rate may be adjusted to satisfy the above ratio, but the epoxy equivalent of the cationic epoxy compound is preferably 300 to 3000 g / eq. On the other hand, the amine equivalent of the amine-modified epoxy compound is preferably 30 to 80 meq per 100 g.
- (B) Curing agent The curing agent cures the cationic epoxy compound, and is preferably a blocked isocyanate curing agent.
- the blocked isocyanate curing agent is preferably a blocked polyisocyanate obtained by blocking polyisocyanate with a blocking agent.
- Polyisocyanate refers to a compound having two or more isocyanate groups in one molecule.
- polyisocyanates include aromatic diisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), p-phenylene diisocyanate, and naphthalene diisocyanate; C3-C12 aliphatic diisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 2,2,4-trimethylhexane diisocyanate, and lysine diisocyanate; 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate (CDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (hydrogenated MDI), methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, isopropylidene dicyclohexyl-4,4′-diisocyanate, and 1,3- Diisocyanatomethylcyclohexane (hydrogenated XDI), hydrogenated TDI),
- Such an alicyclic diisocyanate having 5 to 18 carbon atoms examples include aliphatic diisocyanates having an aromatic ring such as xylylene diisocyanate (XDI) and tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- XDI xylylene diisocyanate
- TMXDI tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate
- the blocking agent is added to the polyisocyanate group and is stable at normal temperature, but can regenerate free isocyanate groups when heated above the dissociation temperature.
- the blocking agent include lactam-based blocking agents such as ⁇ -caprolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -butyrolactam and ⁇ -propiolactam, and formaldoxime, acetoaldoxime, acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, diacetyl monooxime And oxime blocking agents such as cyclohexane oxime.
- lactam-based blocking agents such as ⁇ -caprolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -butyrolactam and ⁇ -propiolactam
- formaldoxime acetoaldoxime
- acetoxime methyl ethyl ketoxime
- oxime blocking agents such as cyclohexane oxime.
- the content of the curing agent needs to be an amount sufficient to react with an amino group in the amine-modified epoxy compound at the time of curing to give a good cured coating film.
- the weight ratio of amine-modified epoxy compound to blocked isocyanate curing agent is preferably 90/10 to 50/50, preferably 80/20 to 65 / More preferably, it is 35.
- the total content of the amine-modified epoxy compound and the blocked isocyanate curing agent is preferably 25 to 85% by weight, preferably 40 to 70% by weight, based on the total solid content of the electrodeposition coating composition.
- the cationic electrodeposition coating composition used in the present invention contains carbon black as a black pigment. This is because in the acceptance inspection of the pellicle frame in which light is irradiated onto the pellicle frame and the presence or absence of dust is inspected by reflection of light, stray light is suppressed and the dust is easily confirmed.
- the pigment content is generally 1 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total solid content of the electrodeposition coating composition.
- the cationic electrodeposition coating composition used in the present invention contains a neutralizing agent for improving the dispersibility of the cationic epoxy compound in an aqueous medium.
- neutralizing agents examples include inorganic acids or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid.
- the content of the neutralizing agent in the electrodeposition coating composition is an amount that neutralizes at least 20%, preferably 30 to 60% of the amine-modified epoxy compound (neutralization rate is 20%, preferably 30 to 60%). Amount).
- the aqueous medium is ion-exchanged water, pure water, or the like.
- the aqueous medium may contain a small amount of alcohol or the like as required.
- the cationic electrodeposition coating composition used in the present invention may contain other components as necessary.
- other components include water-miscible organic solvents, surfactants, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, curing catalysts for promoting dissociation of the curing agent blocking agent, and the like.
- curing catalyst include a tin catalyst.
- the cationic electrodeposition coating composition used in the present invention may be an electrodeposition coating composition obtained by preparing the above components (A) to (F), or may be a commercially available electrodeposition coating composition. May be.
- Examples of commercially available cationic electrodeposition coating compositions include Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.'s epoxy resin power top U-CP70 for electrodeposition coating.
- a cured electrodeposition coating film of epoxy resin on the surface of the pellicle frame of the present invention is as follows. 1) An electrodeposition coating film of the cationic electrodeposition coating composition is applied to the pellicle frame surface. A step of forming; 2) a step of heat-curing and drying the obtained electrodeposition coating film to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- the material of the pellicle frame examples include metals such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, and magnesium alloy.
- the pellicle frame is preferably not subjected to a treatment (for example, an alumite treatment) for forming an anodized film using sulfuric acid. As described above, this is to prevent sulfuric acid from remaining in the pellicle frame due to alumite treatment or the like.
- pre-processing examples include plasma processing and roughening processing, such as sand blasting.
- sand blasting By roughening the surface of the pellicle frame, the surface of the cured electrodeposition coating film is matted (glossy).
- the sand blasting process may be performed using, for example, # 300 sand so that the surface roughness (average surface roughness Ra) is 4 to 6 ⁇ m. Therefore, reflection of light is suppressed, and it is easy to perform a foreign substance confirmation inspection.
- Another example of pretreatment includes cleaning, which preferably removes foreign matter and oil components adhering to the surface.
- a metal pellicle frame as an object to be coated is immersed in an electrodeposition tank in which the cationic electrodeposition coating composition is charged.
- the pellicle frame is used as a cathode, and a voltage is applied between the pellicle frame and the epoxy resin is deposited on the surface of the pellicle frame. Thereby, the electrodeposition coating film of an uncured epoxy resin is obtained.
- the electrodeposition coating is preferably performed at a voltage of 100 to 220 V and an energization time of 30 to 240 seconds.
- the thickness of the electrodeposition coating film is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and less than 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 7 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m or less. If the electrodeposition coating film is too thin, the cohesive strength of the resin coating film is not sufficient, and it is difficult to obtain the desired resin strength. If the thickness of the electrodeposition coating film is too thick, the surface of the electrodeposition coating film may become rough and may have a cocoon skin-like surface, which is not only inferior in smoothness but also has a uniform thickness. It ’s hard to be. The thickness of the electrodeposition coating film can be adjusted by the voltage and the energization time during electrodeposition coating.
- step 1) Wash the pellicle frame on which the electrodeposition coating film is formed in the process of 1). Thereafter, in the step 2), the pellicle frame is baked at 120 to 260 ° C., preferably 140 to 220 ° C. for 10 to 30 minutes, and the electrodeposition coating film is heated and cured to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film. .
- FIG. 1 is an example of infrared absorption spectrum data of a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- in the infrared absorption spectrum of the cured electrodeposition coating film 1200 to 1275 cm ⁇ 1. Peak A existing in the range of 1 ); Peak B existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 ; and Peak C existing in the range of 905 to 930 cm ⁇ 1 are confirmed.
- Each of the peaks A to C is a portion having the highest absorbance (peak apex) in each wavelength region.
- the peak A existing in the range of 1200 to 1275 cm ⁇ 1 is derived from ether bonded to the benzene nucleus of the epoxy resin and serves as an index of the flexibility of the bond chain of the epoxy resin.
- the peak B existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 is derived from the benzene nucleus, and serves as an index of the rigidity of the bond chain of the epoxy resin.
- the peak C existing in the range of 905 to 930 cm ⁇ 1 is derived from an unreacted epoxy group, and serves as an index of adhesion to aluminum and reactivity with a curing agent.
- the ratio (B / A) of the absorbance of peak B existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 to the absorbance of peak A existing in the range of 1200 to 1275 cm ⁇ 1 in the infrared absorption spectrum is 0.5 or more and 3 or less. Preferably there is.
- the absorbance ratio is less than 0.5, since there are many ethers of benzene nucleus bonding, the cured electrodeposition coating film is too soft and it may be difficult to obtain sufficient resin strength.
- the absorbance ratio exceeds 3 the cured electrodeposition coating film tends to be hard and brittle because it contains a large number of benzene nuclei and may peel off. More preferably, it is 0.7 or more and less than 2.8, and further 0.8 or more and less than 2.6 is preferable.
- the ratio (B / C) of the absorbance of peak B existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 to the absorbance of peak C existing in the range of 905 to 930 cm ⁇ 1 is 1 or more and less than 7. It is preferable. If the absorbance ratio is less than 1, there are many unreacted epoxy groups (there are few amino groups that react with the curing agent), so the cross-linking density of the cured electrodeposition coating film is low, and it may be difficult to obtain sufficient resin strength. . When the absorbance ratio is 7 or more, since there are few unreacted epoxy groups, the adhesion between the cured electrodeposition coating film and the aluminum alloy frame is weakened, and the wear resistance may be lowered. More preferably, it is 1 or more and less than 6, and further preferably 1 or more and less than 4.
- the ratio (B / A) of the absorbance of peak B existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 to the absorbance of peak A existing in the range of 1200 to 1275 cm ⁇ 1 is in the above optimal range. Further, it is preferable to form a cured electrodeposition coating film having an ether concentration of benzene nucleus bond and a benzene nucleus concentration. Similarly, the ratio (B / C) of the absorbance of peak B existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 to the absorbance of peak C existing in the range of 905 to 930 cm ⁇ 1 is in the above optimal range. It is preferable to form a cured electrodeposition coating film having an epoxy concentration and a benzene nucleus concentration.
- the absorbance in the infrared absorption spectrum of the cured electrodeposition coating film is determined as follows.
- the absorption intensity in a transmission spectrum may be used, but in the present invention, absorbance is used.
- the cured electrodeposition coating film formed on the surface of the pellicle frame is scraped off with a cutter or the like to obtain a powdery body of paint.
- the infrared absorption spectrum of the powder is measured by the tablet method (KBr method) using potassium bromide. Specifically, a powdery material of paint and a fine powder of KBr are mixed and then pressed to produce a tablet.
- the concentration (measured concentration) of the powdery coating material in the tablet is 1 mg / g to 10 mg / g, preferably 1 mg / g.
- An infrared absorption spectrum analyzer is used to measure the range of 400 to 4000 cm ⁇ 1 to obtain an infrared absorption spectrum graph (FIG. 1) expressed by wave number and absorbance.
- the maximum peak in the range of each of the 1450 ⁇ 1550 cm -1, the left and right corresponding to the valley of the peak as a mountain 2 Take a point. A straight line connecting these two points is taken as a baseline. These two points may be out of the above wavelength range.
- the absorbance at the peak is a value obtained by subtracting the absorbance at the peak at the peak wavelength from the absorbance at the peak peak (the value having the highest absorbance within a predetermined wavelength range).
- the absorbance of peak A is about 0.04
- the absorbance of peak B is about 0.06
- the absorbance of peak C is about 0.04.
- the valley position that is the base point of the baseline is the first inflection point from the maximum peak. That is, the absorption spectrum has a shape that continues from the peak of the maximum peak to the next peak through the valley. This valley is the inflection point. Shoulder parts that do not become clear inflection points and fall gently like a side slide from a mountain are not considered inflection points.
- the thickness of the cured electrodeposition coating film is substantially the same as the thickness of the electrodeposition coating film, preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and less than 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 7 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m or less.
- the cured electrodeposition coating film obtained in the present invention has good adhesion to the surface of the pellicle frame and has an appropriate film strength.
- the cured electrodeposition coating film has good adhesion to the surface of the pellicle frame and has an appropriate film strength even after being immersed in an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF).
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- the pellicle frame on which the cured electrodeposition coating film is formed is inspected for the presence of dust in a pellicle frame receiving inspection process; a pellicle shipping inspection process in which the pellicle film is installed on the pellicle frame, and the like.
- the pellicle frame In the pellicle frame acceptance inspection process, the pellicle frame is irradiated with strong light, and the presence or absence of dust is inspected by reflection of the light. If there is dust of an invisible size, the irradiated light will be reflected and shone. Only pellicle frames that do not reflect light are accepted.
- the conventional cured electrodeposition coating film of acrylic resin has a low gloss and gloss. For this reason, an inorganic substance has been added to the cured electrodeposition coating film in order to conform to the acceptance inspection of the pellicle frame.
- the cured electrodeposition coating film of the epoxy resin obtained in the present invention has a good matte level without adding an inorganic substance, and is therefore suitable for the acceptance inspection of the pellicle frame.
- the pellicle of the present invention is for bonding a pellicle film, a pellicle frame that supports the outer periphery of the pellicle film, a film adhesive that bonds the pellicle frame and the pellicle film, and the pellicle frame and the mask. And a mask adhesive.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the pellicle of the present invention.
- the pellicle 10 includes a pellicle film 12 and a pellicle frame 14 that supports the outer periphery of the pellicle film 12.
- the pellicle film 12 is stretched through a film adhesive layer 13 on one end face of the pellicle frame 14.
- a mask adhesive layer 15 is provided on the other end surface of the pellicle frame 14.
- the pellicle film 12 is held by a pellicle frame 14 and covers an exposure area of a mask (not shown). Therefore, the pellicle film 12 has translucency so as not to cut off energy by exposure.
- Examples of the material of the pellicle film 12 include quartz glass, a transparent material such as a fluororesin and cellulose acetate.
- the pellicle frame 14 is formed with the above-mentioned epoxy resin cured electrodeposition coating film.
- the cured electrodeposition coating film is desirably black. This is to prevent reflection of exposure light and to easily inspect the presence or absence of adhered foreign matter.
- the film adhesive layer 13 bonds the pellicle frame 14 and the pellicle film 12 together.
- the mask adhesive layer 15 bonds the pellicle frame 14 and the mask (not shown).
- the film adhesive layer 13 is, for example, a fluoropolymer such as an acrylic resin adhesive, an epoxy resin adhesive, a silicon resin adhesive, or a fluorine-containing silicon adhesive.
- the mask adhesive layer 15 is, for example, a double-sided adhesive tape, a silicone resin adhesive, an acrylic adhesive, or the like.
- the pellicle 10 is mounted on a mask (not shown) via a mask adhesive layer 15 to prevent foreign matters from adhering to the mask (not shown).
- the foreign matter adhering to the mask causes poor resolution on the wafer when the exposure light is focused on it. Therefore, the pellicle 10 is mounted so as to cover an exposure area of a mask (not shown).
- the mask (not shown) is a glass substrate on which a patterned light-shielding film is arranged.
- the light shielding film is a single layer or multiple layer film of a metal such as Cr or MoSi.
- a mask including a patterned light-shielding film becomes an exposure area.
- Exposure light used for lithography such as a process for forming a circuit pattern drawn on a semiconductor element is a short wavelength such as a mercury lamp i-line (wavelength 365 nm), KrF excimer laser (wavelength 248 nm), ArF excimer laser (wavelength 193 nm), etc.
- the exposure light is used.
- the cured electrodeposition coating film formed on the pellicle frame of the present invention has excellent film strength and corrosion resistance while having good adhesion to metal. For this reason, dust generation due to peeling of the cured electrodeposition coating film can be highly suppressed, and a pellicle excellent in wear resistance can be obtained.
- Example 1 As a pellicle frame, an aluminum alloy A7075 frame having an outer dimension of 149 mm ⁇ 122 mm ⁇ 5.8 mm and a frame thickness of 2 mm was prepared. After cleaning the surface of the pellicle frame, it was sandblasted at a discharge pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 .
- An electrodeposition coating film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of the pellicle frame using an epoxy resin-based electrodeposition paint Power Top U-CP70 (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd., matte black paint).
- the electrodeposition coating was carried out with the pellicle frame fixed at three points in the electrodeposition tank at a coating liquid temperature of 28 ° C., an applied voltage of 200 V, and an energization time of 90 seconds. Since the thickness of the electrodeposition coating film varies depending on the applied voltage, the energization time, and the deterioration state of the electrodeposition coating liquid, it was adjusted by obtaining the coating conditions in advance.
- the electrodeposition coating film was heated and dried in an oven at 200 ° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- Example 2 The electrodeposition coating with a film thickness of 10 ⁇ m was applied to the surface of the pellicle frame in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the epoxy resin electrodeposition coating power top U-CP70-1 (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was used as the electrodeposition coating. A film was formed. Instead of the heat curing conditions in Example 1, the electrodeposition coating film was cured and dried in an oven at 220 ° C. for 60 minutes; to reduce the amount of gas generated, it was cured and dried in an oven at 200 ° C. for an additional 30 minutes. Thus, a cured electrodeposition coating film was obtained.
- the epoxy resin electrodeposition coating power top U-CP70-1 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.
- Example 3 As the pellicle frame, an aluminum alloy A6061 frame having an outer dimension of 149 mm ⁇ 122 mm ⁇ 5.8 mm and a frame thickness of 2 mm was prepared. After cleaning the surface of the pellicle frame, it was sandblasted at a discharge pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 .
- An electrodeposition coating film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of the pellicle frame using an epoxy resin electrodeposition coating power top U-CP70-5 (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.).
- the electrodeposition coating was performed by fixing the pellicle frame at three points in the electrodeposition tank at a coating liquid temperature of 28 ° C., an applied voltage of 200 V, and an energization time of 80 seconds. Since the thickness of the electrodeposition coating film varies depending on the applied voltage, the energization time, and the deterioration state of the electrodeposition coating liquid, it was adjusted by obtaining the coating conditions in advance.
- the electrodeposition coating film was cured in an oven at 200 ° C. for 60 minutes and cured and dried to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- Example 4 The electrodeposition coating was applied to the surface of the pellicle frame in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the epoxy resin electrodeposition coating power top U-CP70-6 (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was used and the energization time was 90 seconds. An electrodeposition coating film having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m was formed. The electrodeposition coating film was heated and dried in an oven at 210 ° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- the epoxy resin electrodeposition coating power top U-CP70-6 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.
- Example 5 As in the case of Example 3, it was applied to the surface of the pellicle frame except that an epoxy resin-based electrodeposition paint Power Top U-CP70-7 (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was used as the electrodeposition paint and the energization time was set to 100 seconds. An electrodeposition coating film having a film thickness of 13 ⁇ m was formed. The electrodeposition coating film was heated in an oven at 220 ° C. for 60 minutes to be cured and dried to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- an epoxy resin-based electrodeposition paint Power Top U-CP70-7 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.
- Example 1 An electrodeposition coating film having a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m is formed on the surface of the pellicle frame in the same manner as in Example 1 except that acrylic paint Power Square A Clear Black (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) for anion electrodeposition coating is used as the electrodeposition coating. Formed. In the same manner as in Example 1, the electrodeposition coating film was cured and dried to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- Example 2 An electrodeposition coating film having a film thickness of 13 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of the pellicle frame in the same manner as in Example 1 except that acrylic paint Elecoat AM-1 Makeup (manufactured by Shimizu Corporation) was used as the electrodeposition paint. In the same manner as in Example 1, the electrodeposition coating film was cured and dried to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- Example 3 An electrodeposition coating film having a film thickness of 13 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of the pellicle frame in the same manner as in Example 1 except that acrylic paint Elecoat Flostay W-2 Makeup (manufactured by Shimizu Corporation) was used as the electrodeposition paint. . In the same manner as in Example 1, the electrodeposition coating film was cured and dried to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- Example 4 A mixed paint prepared by mixing WS5100 (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) and color black (manufactured by Shimizu Corporation) at a weight ratio of 3: 0.5 was prepared as a silane-based paint. Instead of electrodeposition coating the electrodeposition paint in Example 1, the mixed paint was sprayed on the surface of the pellicle frame made of aluminum alloy A7075. With the three outer points of the frame sprayed with the mixed paint supported by a wire, it was heated and cured in a 110 ° C. oven for 60 minutes to form a silane hard coat film.
- Example 5 A pellicle frame was prepared in which the surface of the aluminum alloy pellicle frame of Example 1 was anodized (anodized). The surface of the pellicle frame exhibited a matte black color by anodizing (anodizing treatment). Note that no electrodeposition coating film was formed on the pellicle frame.
- Example 6 An electrodeposition coating film having a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of the pellicle frame in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the epoxy resin electrodeposition coating power top U-CP70-2 (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was used as the electrodeposition coating. Formed. In the same manner as in Example 1, the electrodeposition coating film was cured and dried to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- the epoxy resin electrodeposition coating power top U-CP70-2 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.
- An electrodeposition coating film having a thickness of 11 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of the pellicle frame using an epoxy resin electrodeposition coating power top U-CP70-3 (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.).
- the electrodeposition coating was carried out at a coating liquid temperature of 28 ° C., an applied voltage of 200 V, and an energization time of 100 seconds with the pellicle frame fixed at three points in the electrodeposition tank. Since the thickness of the electrodeposition coating film varies depending on the applied voltage, the energization time, and the deterioration state of the electrodeposition coating liquid, it was adjusted by obtaining the coating conditions in advance.
- the electrodeposition coating film was cured and dried in an oven at 210 ° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- Comparative Example 8 Similar to Comparative Example 7, except that epoxy resin-based electrodeposition paint Power Top U-CP70-4 (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was used as the electrodeposition paint and the energization time was set to 100 seconds. An electrodeposition coating film having a film thickness of 13 ⁇ m was formed. The electrodeposition coating film was heated in an oven at 220 ° C. for 60 minutes to be cured and dried to obtain a cured electrodeposition coating film.
- epoxy resin-based electrodeposition paint Power Top U-CP70-4 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.
- Generated gas amount A 30 cm square chamber was provided in a constant temperature bath at 50 ° C., and three pellicle frames on which a cured electrodeposition coating film was formed in each example and each comparative example were placed. After purging the inside of the thermostatic chamber with nitrogen at a rate of 0.1 L / min for 24 hours, a GC filler Tenax TA manufactured by GL Sciences Inc. was connected to the portion where nitrogen was discharged from the chamber to supplement the generated gas. . Next, the amount of generated gas was measured using a heat desorption gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC-MS).
- GC-MS heat desorption gas chromatograph mass spectrometer
- a thermal desorption GC-MS (TDTS-2010), a gas chromatograph (GC-2010), and a mass spectrometer (GCMS-QP2010) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation were used.
- the criteria for determining the amount of generated gas were as follows. If the amount of gas generated per three pellicle frames is 0.5 ⁇ g or more, it is not preferable. 0.4 ⁇ g or less is preferable, and 0 ⁇ g is more preferable.
- Sulfate ion amount 100 ml of distilled water was put into a heat-resistant bag with a zipper (Ziplock (R)) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation.
- Three pellicle frames on which a cured electrodeposition coating film was formed in each example and each comparative example were placed. After removing air from the heat-resistant bag, it was sealed with a zipper.
- This heat-resistant bag was immersed in a high-temperature water bath at 90 ° C. for 3 hours to extract sulfuric acid contained in the pellicle frame. The amount of sulfate ions contained in the extract was measured with an ion chromatograph analyzer (ICS-1000 manufactured by DIONEX Corporation).
- the criteria for determining the sulfate ion amount were as follows.
- the amount of sulfate ions per three pellicle frames is not preferably 6 ⁇ g or more. 5 ⁇ g or less is preferable, and 0 ⁇ g is more preferable.
- Abrasion test The pellicle frame on which the cured electrodeposition coating film was formed in each example and each comparative example was cut into a flat test piece of 5.8 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 2 mm.
- the wear piece is a SUS (20 ⁇ 20 mm) flat type, wear speed 30 times / min, wear distance 50 mm, wear width 5.8 mm
- the coating film was subjected to a wear test under the conditions of a weight of 1 kg, a reciprocating wear frequency of 100 times, and a paper file particle size # 600 (DCC type) manufactured by Sankyo Chemical Co., Ltd. The surface of the test piece after the abrasion test was observed and the width of the remaining cured electrodeposition coating film was measured.
- the portion where the color of the aluminum alloy can be seen was judged to be the peeled portion.
- the width (mm) of the black coating film remaining without being peeled after the abrasion test was taken as the measured value. If there is no change in the width of the black coating film before and after the abrasion test and the width of the remaining coating film is 5.8 mm, the wear resistance is excellent and the dust generation resistance is excellent. If the black coating film is peeled off and the width of the remaining coating film is 3 mm or less, dust is generated when used as a pellicle, which is not preferable.
- Abrasion test after immersion in solvent A pellicle frame on which a cured electrodeposition coating film was formed was cut into a flat test piece of 5 mm ⁇ 90 mm ⁇ 2 mm. The test piece was placed in a screw test tube containing 25 ° C. tetrahydrofuran and immersed for 2 days, and then air-dried for 1 day. Thereafter, the wear test was performed in the same manner as the above wear test.
- the ratio of the absorbance of peak B existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 to the absorbance of peak A existing in the range of 1200 to 1275 cm ⁇ 1 in the infrared absorption spectrum of the cured electrodeposition coating film (B / A)
- any one of the ratios (B / C) of the absorbance of peak B present in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 to the absorbance of peak C present in the range of 905 to 930 cm ⁇ 1 is outside the scope of the present application. It can be seen that there is less cured electrodeposition coating film remaining after the wear test.
- membrane of the epoxy resin of Example 1 has a clear peak.
- the cured electrodeposition coating film of the acrylic resin of Comparative Example 1 does not show at least a peak derived from the benzene nucleus (peak existing in the range of 1450 to 1550 cm ⁇ 1 ) and contains an inorganic substance. It became clear that it became a broad peak shape.
- a pellicle with less generation of sulfuric acid and outgas and less generation of haze such as sodium sulfate due to residual sulfuric acid.
- a pellicle having an appropriate film strength and high chemical resistance can be provided. Thereby, peeling of the coating film after impact, friction, and solvent immersion can be suppressed, and dust generation can be highly suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
[2] 前記エポキシ系樹脂の塗装膜は、カチオン性エポキシ系化合物を含むエポキシ樹脂の電着塗装膜の硬化物である、[1]記載のペリクルフレーム。
[3] 前記エポキシ系樹脂は、アミンで変性されたビスフェノール型エポキシ系化合物を含む、[1]または[2]に記載のペリクルフレーム。
[4] 前記ペリクルフレームは、アルマイト処理されていないアルミニウム合金フレームである、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のペリクルフレーム。
[5] エポキシ系樹脂の塗装膜の厚さが25μm以下である、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載のペリクルフレーム。
[6] ペリクル膜と、前記ペリクル膜の外周を支持する[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載のペリクルフレームとを有する、ペリクル。
本発明に用いられる、エポキシ系樹脂のカチオン電着塗料組成物は、(A)カチオン性エポキシ系化合物と、(B)硬化剤と、(C)顔料と、(D)中和剤と、(E)水性媒体とを含み、必要に応じて(F)他の成分をさらに含む。
カチオン性エポキシ系化合物は、多価アルコールとエピクロルヒドリンとをモノマー成分とするオリゴマーを、カチオン変性した化合物である。
1)ベンゼン核に由来するピークBの吸光度(1450~1550cm-1の範囲に存在するピークの吸光度)と;ベンゼン核に結合するエーテルに由来するピークAの吸光度(1200~1275cm-1の範囲に存在するピークの吸光度)との比率、および
2)未反応のエポキシ基に由来するピークCの吸光度(905~930cm-1の範囲に存在するピークの吸光度)と;ベンゼン核に由来するピークBの吸光度との比率が、特定の範囲にあることが好ましい。
硬化剤は、カチオン性エポキシ系化合物を硬化させるものであり、好ましくはブロック化イソシアネート硬化剤である。
ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HDI)、2,2,4-トリメチルヘキサンジイソシアネート、およびリジンジイソシアネート等のような炭素数3~12の脂肪族ジイソシアネート;
1,4-シクロヘキサンジイソシアネート(CDI)、イソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)、4,4’-ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート(水添MDI)、メチルシクロヘキサンジイソシアネート、イソプロピリデンジシクロヘキシル-4,4’-ジイソシアネート、および1,3-ジイソシアナトメチルシクロヘキサン(水添XDI)、水添TDI、2,5-もしくは2,6-ビス(イソシアナートメチル)-ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタン(ノルボルナンジイソシアネートとも称される)等のような炭素数5~18の脂環式ジイソシアネート;
キシリレンジイソシアネート(XDI)、およびテトラメチルキシリレンジイソシアネート(TMXDI)等のような芳香環を有する脂肪族ジイソシアネート等が含まれる。これらは、単独で、または2種以上併用することができる。
本発明に用いられるカチオン電着塗料組成物には、黒色顔料としてカーボンブラックが含まれる。光をペリクルフレームに照射し、光の反射によって塵埃の有無を検査するペリクルフレームの受け入れ検査において、迷光を抑制し、塵埃を確認し易くするためである。
本発明で用いられるカチオン電着塗料組成物には、カチオン性エポキシ系化合物の水性媒体への分散性を向上させるための中和剤が含まれる。
水性媒体は、イオン交換水、純水などである。水性媒体は、必要に応じて、少量のアルコール類などを含んでもよい。
本発明に用いられるカチオン電着塗料組成物には、必要に応じて、他の成分が含まれてもよい。他の成分の例には、水混和性有機溶剤、界面活性剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、硬化剤のブロック剤の解離を促進するための硬化触媒などが含まれる。硬化触媒の例には、錫触媒が含まれる。
本発明のペリクルフレーム表面の、エポキシ系樹脂の硬化電着塗装膜は、1)ペリクルフレーム表面に、前記カチオン性電着塗料組成物の電着塗装膜を形成する工程;2)得られた電着塗装膜を加熱硬化および乾燥させて硬化電着塗装膜とする工程;を有する方法により得られる。
の範囲に存在するピークAと;1450~1550cm-1の範囲に存在するピークBと;905~930cm-1の範囲に存在するピークCとが確認される。各ピークA~Cとは、それぞれの波長域内で最も吸光度が高い部分(ピークの頂点)である。
本発明のペリクルは、ペリクル膜と、前記ペリクル膜の外周を支持するペリクルフレームと、前記ペリクルフレームと前記ペリクル膜とを接着させる膜接着剤と、前記ペリクルフレームと前記マスクとを接着するためのマスク接着剤とを有する。図2には、本発明のペリクルの一例が示される。ペリクル10は、ペリクル膜12と、ペリクル膜12の外周を支持するペリクルフレーム14とを有する。ペリクル膜12は、ペリクルフレーム14の一方の端面にある膜接着剤層13を介して張設されている。一方、ペリクルフレーム14をマスク(不図示)に接着させるために、ペリクルフレーム14のもう一方の端面には、マスク接着剤層15が設けられている。
ペリクルフレームとして、フレームの外寸149mm×122mm×5.8mm、フレーム厚さ2mmのアルミニウム合金A7075製フレームを用意した。このペリクルフレーム表面を洗浄した後、吐出圧1.5kg/cm2でサンドブラスト処理した。
電着塗料として、エポキシ樹脂系電着塗料パワートップU-CP70-1(日本ペイント株式会社製)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ペリクルフレーム表面に膜厚10μmの電着塗装膜を形成した。実施例1の加熱硬化条件に代えて、電着塗装膜を、220℃のオーブンで60分硬化および乾燥した後;発生ガス量を低減させるために、200℃のオーブンでさらに30分間硬化および乾燥させて、硬化電着塗装膜とした。
ペリクルフレームとして、フレームの外寸149mm×122mm×5.8mm、フレーム厚さ2mmのアルミニウム合金A6061製フレームを用意した。このペリクルフレーム表面を洗浄した後、吐出圧1.5kg/cm2でサンドブラスト処理した。
電着塗料として、エポキシ樹脂系電着塗料パワートップU-CP70-6(日本ペイント株式会社製)を用いて、かつ通電時間を90秒とした以外は、実施例3と同様にペリクルフレーム表面に、膜厚10μmの電着塗装膜を形成した。電着塗装膜を、210℃のオーブンで60分加熱して硬化および乾燥させて、硬化電着塗装膜とした。
電着塗料として、エポキシ樹脂系電着塗料パワートップU-CP70-7(日本ペイント株式会社製)を用いて、かつ通電時間を100秒とした以外は、実施例3と同様にペリクルフレーム表面に、膜厚13μmの電着塗装膜を形成した。電着塗装膜を、220℃のオーブンで60分加熱して硬化および乾燥させて、硬化電着塗装膜とした。
電着塗料として、アニオン電着塗装用アクリル系塗料パワースクエアAクリヤーブラック(日本ペイント株式会社製)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にペリクルフレーム表面に膜厚12μmの電着塗装膜を形成した。そして、実施例1と同様に、電着塗装膜を硬化および乾燥させて、硬化電着塗装膜とした。
電着塗料として、アクリル系塗料エレコートAM-1メイクアップ(株式会社シミズ製)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にペリクルフレーム表面に膜厚13μmの電着塗装膜を形成した。そして、実施例1と同様に、電着塗装膜を硬化および乾燥させて、硬化電着塗装膜とした。
電着塗料として、アクリル系塗料エレコートフロステイW-2メイクアップ(株式会社シミズ製)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にペリクルフレーム表面に膜厚13μmの電着塗装膜を形成した。そして、実施例1と同様に、電着塗装膜を硬化および乾燥させて、硬化電着塗装膜とした。
シラン系塗料としてWS5100(三井化学株式会社製)と、カラーブラック(株式会社シミズ製)とを3:0.5の重量比で混合した混合塗料を調製した。実施例1において電着塗料を電着塗装する代わりに、前記混合塗料を、アルミニウム合金A7075製ペリクルフレーム表面に吹き付けた。前記混合塗料を吹き付けたフレームの外側3点を針金で支持した状態で、110℃のオーブンで60分加熱して硬化および乾燥させて、シラン系ハードコート膜を形成した。
実施例1のアルミニウム合金製ペリクルフレーム表面にアルマイト処理(陽極酸化処理)を施したペリクルフレームを用意した。ペリクルフレーム表面は、アルマイト処理(陽極酸化処理)により艶消しの黒色を呈していた。なお、ペリクルフレームには、電着塗装膜を形成しなかった。
電着塗料として、エポキシ樹脂系電着塗料パワートップU-CP70-2(日本ペイント株式会社製)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にペリクルフレーム表面に膜厚12μmの電着塗装膜を形成した。そして、実施例1と同様に、電着塗装膜を硬化および乾燥させて、硬化電着塗装膜とした。
ペリクルフレームとして、フレームの外寸149mm×122mm×5.8mm、フレーム厚さ2mmのアルミニウム合金A6061製フレームを用意した。このペリクルフレーム表面を洗浄した後、吐出圧1.5kg/cm2でサンドブラスト処理した。
電着塗料として、エポキシ樹脂系電着塗料パワートップU-CP70-4(日本ペイント株式会社製)を用いて、かつ通電時間を100秒とした以外は、比較例7と同様にペリクルフレーム表面に、膜厚13μmの電着塗装膜を形成した。電着塗装膜を、220℃のオーブンで60分加熱して硬化および乾燥させて、硬化電着塗装膜とした。
50℃の恒温槽内に、30cm角のチャンバーを設け、各実施例および各比較例で硬化電着塗装膜が形成されたペリクルフレームを3枚入れた。恒温槽内を窒素パージ後、0.1L/分で窒素を24時間流し、チャンバーから窒素が出てくる部分に、ジーエル サイエンス株式会社製のGC充填剤Tenax TAを接続し、発生ガスを補足した。
次いで、加熱脱着ガスクロマトグラフ質量分析計(GC-MS)を用いて発生ガス量を測定した。測定には株式会社島津製作所製の加熱脱着GC-MS(TDTS-2010)、ガスクロマトグラフ(GC-2010)、質量分析計(GCMS-QP2010)を使用した。
発生ガス量の判断基準は、以下の通りとした。
ペリクルフレーム3枚あたりの発生ガス量が0.5μg以上では好ましくない。0.4μg以下が好ましく、0μgがさらに好ましい。
旭化成株式会社製のジッパー付き耐熱袋(ジップロック(R))に、100mlの蒸留水を入れた。これに、各実施例および各比較例で硬化電着塗装膜が形成されたペリクルフレームを3枚入れた。耐熱袋から空気を抜いた後、ジッパーで密閉した。この耐熱袋を、90℃の高温水槽に3時間浸漬して、ペリクルフレームに含まれる硫酸を抽出した。抽出液に含まれる硫酸イオン量を、イオンクロマトグラフ分析装置(DIONEX Corporation製ICS-1000)により測定した。
硫酸イオン量の判断基準は、以下の通りとした。
ペリクルフレーム3枚あたりの硫酸イオン量は、6μg以上では好ましくない。5μg以下が好ましく、0μgがさらに好ましい。
各実施例および各比較例で硬化電着塗装膜が形成されたペリクルフレームを切断し、5.8mm×10mm×2mmの平板状の試験片とした。新東化学株式会社製往復磨耗試験機ドライボギア30S-TYPEを使用し、磨耗子はSUS製(20×20mm)フラットタイプを用いて、磨耗速度30回/分、磨耗距離50mm、摩耗幅5.8mm、加重1kg、往復磨耗回数100回、三共化学株式会社製紙ヤスリ粒度#600番(DCCタイプ)の条件で、塗装膜の磨耗試験を行った。磨耗試験後の試験片の表面観察および残存している硬化電着塗装膜の幅を測定した。
黒色の塗装膜が剥がれて、残存する塗装膜の幅が3mm以下になると、ペリクルとして使用する時に発塵するため、好ましくない。
硬化電着塗装膜を形成したペリクルフレームを切断し、5mm×90mm×2mmの平板状の試験片とした。この試験片を、25℃のテトラヒドロフランが入ったスクリュー試験管に入れて2日間浸漬させた後、1日風乾させた。その後、上記磨耗試験と同じく磨耗試験を行った。
硬化電着塗装膜を形成したペリクルフレームを切断し、5.8mm×90mm×2mmの平板状の試験片とした。この試験片表面をナイフで削ることにより硬化電着塗装膜の粉状体を得た。得られた粉状体とKBrの微粉末とを混合した後、プレスして錠剤を作製し、KBr錠剤法により以下の条件で赤外線吸収スペクトルを測定した。錠剤における硬化電着塗装膜の粉状体の濃度は1.2mg/gとした。(測定条件)
測定範囲:400~4000cm-1(1.93cm-1毎)
使用機器:FTS-165(Biorad製 FT-IR)
積算回数:32回
12 ペリクル膜
13 膜接着剤層
14 ペリクルフレーム
15 マスク接着剤層
Claims (10)
- ペリクル膜の外周を支持するペリクルフレームであって、
前記ペリクルフレームの表面に、エポキシ系樹脂の塗装膜が形成されており、
前記エポキシ系樹脂の塗装膜の赤外線吸収スペクトルにおいて、1200~1275cm-1の範囲に存在するピークの吸光度に対する、1450~1550cm-1の範囲に存在するピークの吸光度の比が0.5以上3以下であり、かつ
905~930cm-1の範囲に存在するピークの吸光度に対する、1450~1550cm-1の範囲に存在するピークの吸光度の比が1以上7未満である、ペリクルフレーム。 - 前記エポキシ系樹脂の塗装膜は、カチオン性エポキシ系化合物を含むエポキシ系樹脂の電着塗装膜の硬化物である、請求項1に記載のペリクルフレーム。
- 前記エポキシ系樹脂は、アミンで変性されたビスフェノール型エポキシ系化合物を含む、請求項1に記載のペリクルフレーム。
- 前記エポキシ系樹脂は、アミンで変性されたビスフェノール型エポキシ系化合物を含む、請求項2に記載のペリクルフレーム。
- 前記ペリクルフレームは、アルマイト処理されていないアルミニウム合金フレームである、請求項1に記載のペリクルフレーム。
- 前記ペリクルフレームは、アルマイト処理されていないアルミニウム合金フレームである、請求項2に記載のペリクルフレーム。
- エポキシ系樹脂の塗装膜の厚さが25μm以下である、請求項1に記載のペリクルフレーム。
- エポキシ系樹脂の塗装膜の厚さが25μm以下である、請求項2に記載のペリクルフレーム。
- ペリクル膜と、
前記ペリクル膜の外周を支持する請求項1に記載のペリクルフレームとを有する、ペリクル。 - ペリクル膜と、
前記ペリクル膜の外周を支持する請求項2に記載のペリクルフレームとを有する、ペリクル。
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KR1020127000643A KR101280676B1 (ko) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-06 | 펠리클 프레임 및 그것을 포함하는 펠리클 |
CN201080031601.9A CN102472960B (zh) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-06 | 防护膜框架以及包括该防护膜框架的防护膜组件 |
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KR20180030133A (ko) | 2015-08-17 | 2018-03-21 | 미쯔이가가꾸가부시끼가이샤 | 펠리클 프레임, 이것을 포함하는 펠리클, 펠리클 프레임의 제조 방법, 및 펠리클의 제조 방법 |
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JP5341997B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
US8507158B2 (en) | 2013-08-13 |
US20120122025A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
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