WO2010058692A1 - 新規化合物及びその製造方法、並びに有機半導体材料及び有機半導体デバイス - Google Patents
新規化合物及びその製造方法、並びに有機半導体材料及び有機半導体デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010058692A1 WO2010058692A1 PCT/JP2009/068660 JP2009068660W WO2010058692A1 WO 2010058692 A1 WO2010058692 A1 WO 2010058692A1 JP 2009068660 W JP2009068660 W JP 2009068660W WO 2010058692 A1 WO2010058692 A1 WO 2010058692A1
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- 0 *c(c(Br)c1)cc(cc2*)c1cc2Br Chemical compound *c(c(Br)c1)cc(cc2*)c1cc2Br 0.000 description 2
- JIDBEQAICVRANX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[Si](C)(C)C#Cc(ccc1c2ccc(C#C[Si](C)(C)C)c1Cl)c2Cl Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C#Cc(ccc1c2ccc(C#C[Si](C)(C)C)c1Cl)c2Cl JIDBEQAICVRANX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOZTVOICZIVCFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1c[s]c2c1ccc1c2ccc2c1[s]cc2 Chemical compound c1c[s]c2c1ccc1c2ccc2c1[s]cc2 MOZTVOICZIVCFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D517/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having selenium, tellurium, or halogen atoms as ring hetero atoms
- C07D517/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having selenium, tellurium, or halogen atoms as ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D517/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having a potential-jump barrier or a surface barrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6576—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only sulfur in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. benzothiophene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having a potential-jump barrier or a surface barrier
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
- H10K10/464—Lateral top-gate IGFETs comprising only a single gate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having a potential-jump barrier or a surface barrier
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
- H10K10/466—Lateral bottom-gate IGFETs comprising only a single gate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel compound, a method for producing the same, an organic semiconductor material, and an organic semiconductor device.
- the mobility of charge carriers is important.
- the carrier mobility affects the charge transport efficiency.
- the charge transport efficiency is important for improving the light emission efficiency and driving at a low voltage.
- the carrier mobility directly affects the switching speed of the transistor and the performance of the driven device. For this reason, carrier mobility is important for practical use and performance improvement of organic FET devices.
- Non-Patent Document 1 exemplifies compounds having various benzene-thiophene skeletons.
- Non-Patent Document 1 gives a structural formula of a compound having a naphthalene-thiophene skeleton.
- this compound is a compound that has not been successfully synthesized so far, that is, a compound that does not exist. According to conventional knowledge of organic synthetic chemistry, it is extremely difficult to introduce a thiophene ring into a naphthalene skeleton.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel compound having a naphthalene-thiophene skeleton or a naphthalene-selenophene skeleton and having good carrier mobility, and a method for producing the same, and an organic semiconductor material containing the compound, It is to provide an organic semiconductor device.
- the compound according to the first aspect of the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (1), general formula (2), general formula (3) or general formula (4).
- Z represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a phenyl group.
- the compound according to the second aspect of the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (5), general formula (6), general formula (7) or general formula (8).
- Z represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom
- X represents a halogen atom.
- the method for producing a compound according to the third aspect of the present invention includes: Reacting dihalogenodihydroxynaphthalene with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride to obtain dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene; Reacting the dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene with a terminal acetylene compound to obtain a dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative; Reacting the dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative with a sulfide salt or a selenide salt; Is a method for producing a compound represented by the following general formula (1), general formula (2), general formula (3) or general formula (4). (In the above formula, Z represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom, and R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a phenyl group.)
- the method for producing a compound according to the third aspect of the present invention may further include a step of reacting dihydroxynaphthalene with a halogenating agent to obtain the dihalogenodihydroxynaphthalene.
- the dihydroxynaphthalene is 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene;
- the obtained compound may be a compound represented by the general formula (1) or the general formula (3).
- the dihydroxynaphthalene is 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene
- the obtained compound may be a compound represented by the general formula (2).
- the dihydroxynaphthalene is 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene
- the obtained compound may be a compound represented by the general formula (4).
- the halogenating agent is preferably a brominating agent or a chlorinating agent.
- the halogenating agent is a brominating agent; Adding a catalyst for promoting bromination of the dihydroxynaphthalene; The step of adding the brominating agent is preferably performed twice or more.
- the terminal acetylene compound is preferably any one of trimethylsilylacetylene, phenylacetylene, and 1-decyne.
- the reaction between the dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene and the terminal acetylene compound is preferably performed in a polar solvent capable of dissolving the dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene.
- the polar solvent is preferably an aprotic polar solvent.
- the aprotic polar solvent is particularly preferably dimethylformamide.
- the method for producing a compound according to the fourth aspect of the present invention includes: The following general formula (1), general formula (2), general formula (3) or general formula (4) (In the above formula, Z represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom, and R represents a hydrogen atom.)
- a compound represented by the following general formula (5), general formula (6), general formula (7) or general formula (8), comprising a step of adding a halogenating agent to the compound represented by It is a manufacturing method.
- Z represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom
- X represents a halogen atom.
- the organic semiconductor material according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes one or more compounds represented by the following general formula (1), general formula (2), general formula (3), or general formula (4).
- Z represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a phenyl group.
- the organic semiconductor device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention includes the organic semiconductor material according to the fifth aspect of the present invention.
- the compound according to the present invention has a naphthalene-thiophene skeleton or a naphthalene-selenophene skeleton.
- This compound has a conjugated system in each molecule due to the interaction of ⁇ orbitals, and further exhibits a strong intermolecular interaction via a sulfur atom or selenium atom contained in the thiophene ring or selenophene ring of each molecule. For this reason, effective carrier movement is possible. Since the compound according to the present invention has good electric field mobility, it can be used as an organic semiconductor material. This organic semiconductor material can be used for organic semiconductor devices.
- a compound having a naphthalene-thiophene skeleton or a naphthalene-selenophene skeleton can be produced through a dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative.
- the hydrogen atom of naphthalene can be selectively halogenated. According to this production method, the yield of a compound having a naphthalene-thiophene skeleton or a naphthalene-selenophene skeleton can be increased.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the FET element produced in the Example, Comprising: (A) is sectional drawing of FET element, (B) is the top view. (A) is a Vg-Id curve of an FET device fabricated using Compound A, and (B) is the Vd-Id curve. (A) is a Vg-Id curve of an FET device fabricated using Compound B, and (B) is the Vd-Id curve. (A) is a Vg-Id curve of an FET device fabricated using Compound C, and (B) is the Vd-Id curve. (A) is a Vg-Id curve of an FET device fabricated using Compound D, and (B) is the Vd-Id curve.
- the novel compound according to the first embodiment of the present invention is contained in naphthalene as represented by the following general formula (1), general formula (2), general formula (3), or general formula (4).
- Z represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a phenyl group.
- the two Rs contained in each compound may be the same or different from each other, but are preferably the same.
- alkyl group examples include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, n-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n- Linear saturated alkyl groups such as decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl Branched chain saturated alkyl groups such as i-propyl group, i-butyl group, s-butyl group and t-butyl group, cyclic saturated alkyl groups such as cyclopropyl group and cyclobutyl group, 1-propenyl,
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4) have a conjugated system in the molecule due to the interaction of ⁇ orbitals, and further, sulfur atoms contained in the thiophene ring or selenophene ring in each molecule or Strong intermolecular interaction through selenium atoms. Therefore, the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4) can move carriers effectively and have a good electric field mobility. These compounds can be used as organic semiconductor materials.
- the novel compound according to the second embodiment of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (5), general formula (6), general formula (7), or general formula (8).
- Z represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom
- X represents a halogen atom.
- halogen atom examples include chlorine, bromine, iodine and the like.
- dihydroxynaphthalene and a halogenating agent are reacted to synthesize dihalogenodihydroxynaphthalene.
- dihydroxynaphthalene one in which one hydroxy group is bonded to each of two benzene rings contained in naphthalene is used.
- dihydroxynaphthalenes 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene or 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene is preferable.
- halogenating agent known substances can be used.
- brominating agents such as bromine, N-bromosuccinimide, pyridinium perbromide hydrobromide or tetraalkylammonium tribromide, or chlorination such as chlorine, N-chlorosuccinimide, tetraalkylammonium trichloride, thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride
- chlorination such as chlorine, N-chlorosuccinimide, tetraalkylammonium trichloride, thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride
- An agent can be preferably used.
- dihalogenodihydroxynaphthalene is reacted with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (CF 3 SO 2 —O—SO 2 CF 3 ).
- trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride CF 3 SO 2 —O—SO 2 CF 3
- Two hydroxy groups contained in dihalogenodihydroxynaphthalene react with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride to be converted to trifluoromethanesulfonic acid ester.
- dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene is obtained.
- dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene is reacted with a terminal acetylene compound.
- the carbon to which the trifluoromethanesulfonyl group is attached is substituted to give a dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative.
- terminal acetylene compound for example, trimethylsilylacetylene (HC 2 Si (CH 3 ) 3 ), phenylacetylene (C 8 H 6 ), 1-decyne (C 10 H 18 ) and the like can be used.
- the reaction between dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene and the terminal acetylene compound is preferably carried out in a polar solvent capable of dissolving dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene.
- a polar solvent capable of dissolving dihalogeno-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene.
- an aprotic polar solvent examples include dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and the like. Note that the higher the polarity of the aprotic polar solvent used, the higher the yield of the dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative obtained. For this reason, it is particularly preferable to use dimethylformamide having the highest polarity.
- the obtained dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative is reacted with a sulfide salt or a selenide salt.
- the halogen atom contained in the dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative is replaced with a sulfur atom or a selenium atom.
- the introduced sulfur atom or selenium atom reacts with the triple bond of the previously introduced ethynyl group to form a thiophene ring or a selenophene ring.
- the compounds represented by the general formula (1) to the general formula (4) can be obtained.
- a sulfide metal salt is preferably used, and a sulfide alkali metal salt is more preferably used.
- NaSH ⁇ nH 2 O A Japanese product (NaSH ⁇ nH 2 O) or the like is preferable.
- selenide salt a commercially available selenide salt can be used.
- metal selenide can be derived into a selenide salt by a known method such as reaction with sodium borohydride and used without isolation.
- the sulfide salt used for the reaction is usually used in an amount of 1 to 16 mol per 1 mol of the dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative. Preferably 2 to 8 moles, more preferably 2 to 5 moles are used.
- the reaction solvent may or may not be used, but when the dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative to be used is a solid, it is preferable to use a solvent. In this case, it is preferable that a solvent having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher is contained in the reaction mixture. By including a solvent having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher in the reaction mixture, the reaction temperature can be set high, so that the reaction rate is improved.
- Examples of the solvent having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher include amides such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and the like.
- Examples thereof include sulfoxides such as glycols and dimethyl sulfoxide.
- the above solvent may be used usually in an amount of 0.01 to 100 mol per 1 mol of dihalogeno-diethynylnaphthalene derivative. Preferably 0.1 to 80 mol, more preferably 20 to 50 mol is used.
- the reaction temperature is preferably -50 ° C to 300 ° C. Preferably, it is carried out at ⁇ 10 ° C. to 250 ° C., more preferably 40 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- the catalyst may be added at each stage.
- a catalyst for promoting the cyclization reaction metal copper or copper chloride (I), copper chloride (II), copper bromide (I), copper bromide (II), copper iodide (I) or copper iodide (II ) And the like.
- copper halide such as metallic copper or copper (I) bromide or copper (II) bromide.
- the target compound is isolated and purified from the reaction mixture by a known method.
- sublimation purification particularly vacuum sublimation purification can be performed.
- the method for producing the compound represented by the general formula (1) will be specifically described.
- 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene is used as dihydroxynaphthalene.
- a brominating agent may be used as the halogenating agent.
- the hydrogen atom bonded to the 3rd and 7th carbons can be replaced with a bromine atom relatively easily.
- the bromine atom first replaces the hydrogen atoms bonded to the highly reactive 1st and 5th carbon atoms with a brominating agent.
- a catalyst that promotes bromination such as iron, is added.
- 1,3,5,7-tetrabromo-2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene can be obtained in a high yield (50% or more).
- This is ⁇ Reaction of Tetrasulfur Tetranitride with Naphthalenols and Related Compounds '' (Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., Vol. 64, p. 68-73; Shuntaro Mataka, Kazufumi Takahashi, Youji Ikezaki, Taizo Taizo
- the yield of synthesis of 1,3,5,7-tetrabromo-2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene reported by Tashiro is very high compared to 4%.
- the 1,3,5,7-tetrabromo-2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene is reduced using, for example, flower-like tin (flaky tin).
- flower-like tin flower-like tin
- the bromine atom bonded to the 1-position and the 5-position is substituted with a hydrogen atom to obtain 3,7-dibromo-2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene.
- a compound represented by the general formula (1) to the general formula (4) obtained by the above-described method for example, a compound represented by the general formula (1) to the general formula (4) obtained by the above-described method.
- a halogenating agent is added to the compound in which R is a hydrogen atom.
- a compound represented by general formula (1) to general formula (4), in which R is a hydrogen atom is dissolved in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF).
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- n-BuLi normal butyllithium
- a solution in which a halogenating agent such as dibromotetrachloroethane is dissolved in THF is added dropwise to obtain the target product.
- n-BuLi is added to the compounds represented by the above general formulas (1) to (4) and R is a hydrogen atom, so that the adjacent carbon of sulfur or selenium is added.
- the bonded hydrogen is withdrawn to produce a lithium salt.
- the substrate is halogenated.
- a compound represented by the general formula (5) to the general formula (8) is obtained.
- a brominating agent or an iodinating agent can be used as the halogenating agent.
- brominating agents include dibromotetrachloroethane, bromine, pyridinium perbromide hydrobromide, and tetraalkylammonium tribromides.
- iodizing agents include iodine, diiodoethane, perfluorohexyl iodide, and tetraalkylammonium triiodide. It can be preferably used.
- N-BuLi is preferably added in an amount of at least 2 equivalents relative to the compound in which R is a hydrogen atom in the general formulas (1) to (4). This is because the target compound can be efficiently obtained by extracting two of the hydrogen atoms contained in the compound represented by the general formula (4) from the general formula (1).
- an excess of n-BuLi may be added.
- the halogenating agent may be added at a molar ratio of n-BuLi or higher.
- these compounding ratios for example, about 3 to 5 mol of n-BuLi and about 10 mol of halogenating agent may be added to 1 mol of the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4). .
- the reaction time may be about 30 minutes to 1 hour, and even if it is less than 30 minutes, it may be shorter than this as long as the hydrogen abstraction reaction with n-BuLi is completed.
- halogenation by halogen / lithium exchange reaction using n-BuLi is shown, but the halogenation method is not limited to this.
- Known methods such as a method using other proton abstracting agent can be applied.
- the organic semiconductor material according to the present invention includes one or more compounds represented by the above general formula (1), general formula (2), general formula (3), or general formula (4). .
- the compound represented by the general formula (1), the general formula (2), the general formula (3), or the general formula (4) has a naphthalene-thiophene skeleton or a naphthalene-selenophene skeleton.
- This compound has a conjugated system in each molecule due to the interaction of ⁇ orbitals, and further exhibits a strong intermolecular interaction via a sulfur atom or selenium atom contained in the thiophene ring or selenophene ring of each molecule. For this reason, effective carrier movement is possible.
- the compound according to the present invention has good electric field mobility and can be used as an organic semiconductor material.
- the organic semiconductor material may contain only one of the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4), or may contain two or more of these compounds. Moreover, unless the characteristic of the compound represented by General formula (1) to General formula (4) is inhibited, other substances may be included. Alternatively, the electric field mobility may be adjusted by doping impurities using a known method.
- the organic semiconductor device according to the present invention uses an organic semiconductor material containing at least one compound represented by the above general formula (1), general formula (2), general formula (3), or general formula (4). It is characterized by being.
- Examples of such an organic semiconductor device include a thin film transistor having an organic semiconductor layer, and a light emitting device having an organic carrier transport layer and / or a light emitting layer.
- organic semiconductor device known materials and structures can be employed except that the organic semiconductor material according to the present invention described above is used, and there is no particular limitation.
- the manufacturing method of the organic semiconductor device is not particularly limited, and various conventionally known manufacturing methods can be used. Note that since the organic semiconductor material has a slightly low solubility, when it is difficult to use the coating method, the organic semiconductor material is preferably manufactured by a vacuum deposition method or the like.
- the organic semiconductor material according to the present invention is used instead of silicon, a costly manufacturing process that is essential when using silicon is not required. For this reason, a semiconductor device can be manufactured at low cost.
- bromine (2.6 ml) was further added dropwise to the reaction solution five times, and iron powder (50 mg, 1.3 mol) was added as a catalyst, and the reaction was allowed to proceed for 76 hours.
- 1,3,5,7-tetrabromo-2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene was synthesized in high yield by adding bromine multiple times and adding iron powder as a catalyst. .
- trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (0.7 ml, 4.4 mmol) was slowly added in an ice bath. After stirring this at room temperature for 15 hours and a half, pure water (10 ml) and 1N hydrochloric acid (10 ml) were added.
- this reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (20 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. Thereafter, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (20 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and then poured into a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (20 ml).
- the precipitated yellow solid (75 mg, yield 96%) was collected by filtration.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (10 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (10 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and then poured into a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (30 ml). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration.
- trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (3.3 ml, 21 mmol) was slowly added in an ice bath. After stirring for 4 and a half hours at room temperature, pure water (10 ml) and 1N hydrochloric acid (10 ml) were added to stop the reaction.
- this reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (20 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. Thereafter, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (20 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- this reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and then poured into a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (20 ml). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- the filtrate was extracted with hexane (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (3.6 ml, 22 mmol) was slowly added in an ice bath. After stirring this at room temperature for 18 hours, pure water (10 ml) and 1N hydrochloric acid (10 ml) were added to stop the reaction.
- this reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (20 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same manner. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (20 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same manner.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- 1,5-dichloro-2,6-bis (trimethylsilylethynyl) naphthalene 250 mg, 0.64 mmol was added and stirred at 190 ° C. for 12 hours. This was cooled to room temperature and then poured into a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (50 ml). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration.
- 1,5-dichloro-2,6-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene (493 mg, 1.0 mmol) and triethylamine (0.42 mg, 3.0 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (10 ml). The solution was degassed for 30 minutes.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (10 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (10 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- 1,5-dichloro-2,6-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) naphthalene (493 mg, 1.0 mmol) and triethylamine (0.42 mg, 3.0 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (10 ml). The solution was degassed for 30 minutes.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (10 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (10 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- NMP (10 ml) and 1,5-dichloro-2,6-bis (trimethylsilylethynyl) naphthalene (100 mg, 0.26 mmol) synthesized as described above were added to this suspension and stirred at 190 ° C. for 12 hours. .
- reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and then poured into a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (50 ml).
- the precipitated solid was collected by filtration.
- NMP 20 ml
- 1,5-dichloro-2,6-bis (phenylethynyl) naphthalene (200 mg, 0.5 mmol) synthesized as described above were added and stirred at 190 ° C. for 12 hours. did. After cooling this reaction liquid to room temperature, it poured into saturated ammonium chloride aqueous solution (50 mL). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration.
- trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (3.3 ml, 21 mmol) was slowly added in an ice bath. After stirring this at room temperature for 4 hours 30 minutes, pure water (10 ml) and 1N hydrochloric acid (10 ml) were added to stop the reaction.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (20 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same manner. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (20 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same manner.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- This reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- reaction solution was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 16 hours, and then the reaction was stopped by adding pure water (1 ml) and 1N hydrochloric acid (1 ml).
- the reaction solution was extracted with methylene chloride (5 ml). This extraction was performed three times in the same procedure. After extraction, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (5 ml). This washing was performed three times in the same procedure.
- An FET element using Compound A was produced as follows. First, the SiO 2 substrate was cut into a size of 1 cm ⁇ 1 cm in area. The back surface of the SiO 2 substrate was treated with hydrofluoric acid to remove silica oxidized in the air. Next, Au was vacuum-deposited on the SiO 2 substrate to form a gate electrode. An organic thin film of Compound A was formed on the surface of the SiO 2 substrate by a vacuum deposition method. The SiO 2 substrate was used after being surface-treated with octyltrichlorosilane.
- Au was vacuum deposited on the formed organic thin film of Compound A using a shadow mask to form a source electrode and a drain electrode.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of the fabricated FET element (FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the FET element, and FIG. 1B is a plan view of the FET element).
- the manufactured FET element is a top contact type.
- the channel length is 50 ⁇ m and the channel width is 1.5 mm.
- An FET element using Compound B was produced as follows. First, the SiO 2 substrate was cut into a size of 1 cm ⁇ 1 cm in area. The back surface of the SiO 2 substrate was treated with hydrofluoric acid to remove silica oxidized in the air. Next, Au was vacuum-deposited on the SiO 2 substrate to form a gate electrode. An organic thin film of Compound B was formed on the surface of the SiO 2 substrate by spin coating (organic thin film production conditions: 3000 rpm, 30 sec). At this time, Compound B was used as a chloroform solution (concentration 0.4 wt%).
- Au was vacuum-deposited on the formed organic thin film of Compound B using a shadow mask to form a source electrode and a drain electrode.
- the structure and the like of this FET element are the same as those of the other FET elements.
- the performance of the FET element depends on the amount of current that flows when a potential is applied between the source electrode and the drain electrode while a potential is applied to the gate electrode. By measuring this current value, the electric field mobility which is a characteristic of the FET element can be determined.
- Id is a saturated source-drain current value
- W is a channel width
- Co is a gate capacitance
- Vg is a gate voltage
- Vt is a threshold voltage
- L is a channel length.
- ⁇ represents the electric field mobility (cm 2 / Vs) of the FET element determined by measurement. Co is determined by the dielectric constant of the SiO 2 insulating film used. W and L are determined by the element structure of the FET element.
- Id and Vg are determined when the current value of the FET element is measured.
- Vt can be obtained from Id and Vg.
- the threshold voltage [Vt] was obtained as the Vg value at which the curve rises when plotting the square root of -Id on the Y axis and Vg on the X axis.
- Each FET element was evaluated by applying a negative gate voltage and driving it in the atmosphere in order to investigate the p-type FET characteristics.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the FET characteristics of an FET element produced using Compound A.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the FET characteristics of an FET element manufactured using Compound B.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the FET characteristics of an FET element produced using Compound C.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the FET characteristics of an FET element produced using Compound D.
- FIG. 2 (A), FIG. 3 (A), FIG. 4 (A) and FIG. 5 (A) are Vg-Id curves of the respective FET elements.
- 2B, FIG. 3B, FIG. 4B, and FIG. 5B are Vd-Id curves of the respective FET elements.
- the Vg-Id curve shows the gate voltage (Vg) and current (Id) when the source-drain voltage (Vd) is fixed so that the current (Id) becomes a saturation current value in the output characteristics.
- the Vg-Id curve indicates the transfer characteristic (transfer characteristic) of the FET element.
- the sharper the rise from the off state to the on state the better the switching characteristics, and it can be said that the transistor characteristics are excellent. Further, it can be said that the lower the off current and the higher the on current, the larger the on / off ratio and the better the transistor.
- the Vd-Id curve represents the relationship between the source-drain voltage (Vd) and the current (Id) when the gate voltage (Vg) is changed stepwise.
- the Vd-Id curve shows the output characteristic (output characteristic) of the FET element.
- the current (Id) is saturated (saturation current) and the source-drain voltage (Vd) in a region where the source-drain voltage (Vd) is high. If the current (Id) rises linearly in a low region, the FET element has good output characteristics and can be said to have high performance.
- the current (Id) suddenly rises with the application of the gate voltage (Vg).
- Vg gate voltage
- the FET device according to the present invention has good switching characteristics.
- 2B, FIG. 3B, FIG. 4B, and FIG. 5B in the region where the source-drain voltage (Vd) is low, all the Vd-Id curves are It rises substantially linearly, and the drain current is constant in a region where the source-drain voltage (Vd) is high, and a saturation current is observed.
- the FET element according to the present invention is a high-performance FET element having good output characteristics.
- each FET element was determined based on the method described above.
- the off state is set, and when the Vg is -60V, the on state is set, and the ratio of the Id values in the off state and the on state is set to on. / Off ratio.
- the results were as follows.
- the electric field mobility was 0.7 cm 2 / Vs, and the on / off ratio was 10 6 .
- the electric field mobility was 0.2 cm 2 / Vs, and the on / off ratio was 10 7 .
- the electric field mobility was 0.2 cm 2 / Vs, and the on / off ratio was 10 7 .
- the field mobility of the FET element manufactured by the coating method (spin coating method) using Compound B is in the order of 10 ⁇ 3 cm 2 / Vs, and the on / off ratio is 10 5 , Compound A, Compound C, As compared with the FET device using Compound D, the results were slightly inferior.
- this FET element also has FET characteristics, it can be seen that a coating method can also be used as a method for manufacturing the FET element according to the present invention.
- the FET element using Compound A, Compound B, Compound C, and Compound D synthesized in this example can be used as a p-type transistor.
- the compound according to the present invention has a conjugated system in each molecule due to the interaction of ⁇ orbitals, and further exhibits a strong intermolecular interaction via a sulfur atom or selenium atom contained in a thiophene ring or a selenophene ring in each molecule. Show. For this reason, the compound according to the present invention can effectively move carriers. Since these compounds have good electric field mobility, they can be used as an organic semiconductor material, and an organic semiconductor device using the compound can be formed.
Abstract
Description
(上記式中、Zは硫黄原子又はセレン原子を表し、Rは水素原子、アルキル基又はフェニル基を表す。)
ジハロゲノジヒドロキシナフタレンと無水トリフルオロメタンスルフォン酸とを反応させてジハロゲノ-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを得る工程と、
前記ジハロゲノ-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンと末端アセチレン化合物とを反応させてジハロゲノ-ジエチニルナフタレン誘導体を得る工程と、
前記ジハロゲノ-ジエチニルナフタレン誘導体と、硫化物塩又はセレン化物塩と、を反応させる工程と、
を含む、下記一般式(1)、一般式(2)、一般式(3)又は一般式(4)で表される化合物の製造方法である。
(上記式中、Zは硫黄原子又はセレン原子を表し、Rは水素原子、アルキル基又はフェニル基を表す。)
得られる化合物は前記一般式(1)又は前記一般式(3)で表される化合物であってもよい。
得られる化合物は前記一般式(2)で表される化合物であってもよい。
得られる化合物は前記一般式(4)で表される化合物であってもよい。
前記ジヒドロキシナフタレンの臭素化を促進する触媒を添加する工程を更に含み、
前記臭素化剤を添加する工程は2回以上行われる、ことが好ましい。
下記一般式(1)、一般式(2)、一般式(3)又は一般式(4)
(上記式中、Zは硫黄原子又はセレン原子を表し、Rは水素原子を表す。)
で表される化合物にハロゲン化剤を添加する工程を含むことを特徴とする、下記一般式(5)、一般式(6)、一般式(7)又は一般式(8)で表される化合物の製造方法である。
(上記式中、Zは硫黄原子又はセレン原子を表し、Xはハロゲン原子を表す。)
(上記式中、Zは硫黄原子又はセレン原子を表し、Rは水素原子、アルキル基又はフェニル基を表す。)
本発明の第1の実施形態に係る新規化合物は、下記の一般式(1)、一般式(2)、一般式(3)又は一般式(4)で表されるように、ナフタレンに含まれる2つのベンゼン環にそれぞれチオフェン環又はセレノフェン環が結合した化合物である。
(上記一般式中、Zは硫黄原子又はセレン原子を表し、Rは水素原子、アルキル基又はフェニル基を表す。)
続いて、上述した一般式(1)、一般式(2)、一般式(3)及び一般式(4)で表される化合物の製造方法について段階的に説明する。
次に、本発明に係る有機半導体材料の実施形態について説明する。本発明に係る有機半導体材料は、上述した一般式(1)、一般式(2)、一般式(3)、又は一般式(4)で表される化合物を1種以上含むことを特徴とする。
次に、本発明に係る有機半導体デバイスの実施形態について説明する。本発明に係る有機半導体デバイスは、上述した一般式(1)、一般式(2)、一般式(3)又は一般式(4)で表される化合物を少なくとも1種以上含む有機半導体材料が用いられていることを特徴とする。このような有機半導体デバイスとして、例えば、有機半導体層を有する薄膜トランジスタや、有機キャリア輸送層若しくは発光層又はその両方を有する発光デバイスが挙げられる。
1H-NMR:JEOL Lambda 400 spectrometer
:JEOL EX-270 spectrometer
EIMS :Shimadzu QP-5050A
なお、これらの機器は後述の他の実施例においても同様に使用した。
2,6-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(2g,12.5mol)を酢酸(60ml)に溶解した。ここでは酢酸は溶媒として用いた。この溶液に臭素(2.6ml,50.7mol)を滴下し、還流温度下(120℃~125℃)で反応させた。
1H-NMR (270MHz, CDCl3)δ 6.18 (s, 2H, OH), 8.31 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 476 (M+)
1,3,5,7-テトラブロモ-2,6-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(1.0g,2.1mmol)を酢酸(20ml)に溶解した。ここに華状錫(フレーク状のスズ)(499mg,4.2mmol)を加えた後、還流温度下で62時間攪拌し、反応させた。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 5.58 (s, 2H, OH), 7.25 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.89 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 318 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、3,7-ジブロモ-2,6-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(636mg,2.0mmol)及びピリジン(1.0ml,12mmol)を塩化メチレン(20ml)に溶解した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.25 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 582 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、3,7-ジブロモ-2,6-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレン(582mg,1.0mmol)をDMF(7ml)及びジイソプロピルアミン(7ml)に溶解させた。この溶液を30分間脱気した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.29 (s, 18H, TMS), 7.87 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.97 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 478 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(101mg,0.42mmolmmol)をN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)(3ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.43 (d, 2H, J = 5.8 Hz, ArH), 7.51 (d, 2H, J = 5.8 Hz, ArH), 8.41 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.52 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 240 (M+); mp >300 ℃
前述の方法により合成した3,7-ジブロモ-2,6-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを用いて、2,6-ジブロモ-3,7-ビス(フェニルエチニル)ナフタレンを以下の手順により合成した。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39-7.41 (m, 6H, ArH), 7.62-7.64 (m, 4H, ArH) 7.97 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.07 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 486 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(202mg,0.42mmol)をNMP(3ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 392 (M+)
前述の方法により合成した2,6-ジブロモ-3,7-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを用いて、2,6-ジブロモ-3,7-ジ(デシン-1-イル)ナフタレンを以下の手順により合成した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.89 (t, 6H, J = 7.02 Hz, CH2), 1.27-1.37 (m, 20H, CH2), 1.61-1.72 (m, 4H, CH2), 2.51 (t, 4H, J = 6.62 Hz, CH2) 7.79 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.95 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 558 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(346mg,1.44mmol)をNMP(12ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.89 (t, 6H, J = 7.4 Hz, CH2), 1.28-1.50 (m, 20H, CH2), 1.75-1.83 (m, 4H, CH2), 2.92 (t, 4H, J = 7.4 Hz, CH2), 7.06 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.16 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.32 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 464 (M+) ; mp 269-271 °C
窒素雰囲気下、2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(5g,31mmol)を酢酸(150ml)に溶解した。なお、ここでは酢酸は溶媒として用いた。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 5.88 (s, 1H, OH), 6.24 (s, 1H, OH), 7.60 (s, 1H, ArH), 7.88 (s, 1H, ArH), 7.89 (s, 1H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 396 (M+)
1,3,6-トリブロモ-2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(5.0g,12.6mmol)を酢酸(20ml)に溶解した。この溶液に華状錫(フレーク状のスズ)(1.6g,12.6mmol)を加えた後、還流温度下で120時間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 5.67 (s, 2H, OH), 7.24 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.87 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 318 (M+)
得られた3,6-ジブロモ-2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(3.0g,9.4mmol)を、窒素雰囲気下でピリジン(4.5ml,56mmol)及び塩化メチレン(90ml)に溶解した。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.86 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.19 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 582 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、3,6-ジブロモ-2,7-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレン(582mg,1.0mmol)をDMF(7ml)及びジイソプロピルアミン(7ml)に溶解した。この溶液を30分間脱気した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.38-7.42 (m, 6H, ArH), 7.62-7.65 (m, 4H, ArH), 8.01 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.03 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 486 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(404mg,1.68mmol)をNMP(12ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 392 (M+)
前述のように合成した3,6-ジブロモ-2,7-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを用いて、3,6-ジブロモ-2,7-ジ(デシン-1-イル)ナフタレンを以下の手順により合成した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.89 (t, 6H, J = 6.8 Hz, CH2), 1.27-1.72 (m, 24H, CH2), 2.50 (t, 4H, J = 6.9 Hz, CH2) 7.81 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.93 (s, 2H, ArH), EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 558 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(346mg,1.44mmol)をNMP(12ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.88 (t, 6H, J = 7.0 Hz, CH3), 1.28-1.81 (m, 24H, CH2), 2.92 (t, 4H, J = 7.3 Hz, CH2), 7.05 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.21 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.26 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 464 (M+)
前述のように合成した3,6-ジブロモ-2,7-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを用いて、3,6-ジブロモ-2,7-ビス(トリメチルシリルエチニル)ナフタレンを以下の手順により合成した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.30 (s, 18H, TMS), 7.90 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.95 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 478 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(101mg,0.42mmol)をNMP(3ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.43 (d, 2H, J = 5.5 Hz, ArH), 7.50 (d, 2H, J = 5.5 Hz ArH), 8.45 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.47 (s, 2H, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 240 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、2,6-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(3.0g,18.7mmol)を酢酸(90ml)に溶解した。なお、ここでは酢酸は溶媒として用いた。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 5.79 (s, 2H, OH), 7.35 (d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz, ArH), 7.96 (d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 228 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、1,5-ジクロロ-2,6-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(2.3g,10mmol)及びピリジン(4.8ml,60mmol)を塩化メチレン(100ml)に溶解した。なお、ピリジンは不要物を除去するための添加剤として、塩化メチレンは溶媒としてそれぞれ用いた。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.68 (d, 2H, J = 9.3 Hz, ArH), 8.40 (d, 2H, J = 9.3 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 492 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、1,5-ジクロロ-2,6-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレン(247mg,0.5mmol)及びトリエチルアミン(0.21ml,1.5mmol)をDMF(5ml)に溶解した。この溶液を30分間脱気した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.31 (s, 18H, TMS), 7.61 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH), 8.12 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 388 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(615mg,2.56mmol)をNMP(15ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.50 (d, 2H, J = 5.3 Hz, ArH), 7.54 (d, 2H, J = 5.3 Hz, ArH), 7.95 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 8.07 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 240 (M+); mp 150.4-150.8 ℃
前述のように合成した1,5-ジクロロ-2,6-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを用いて、1,5-ジクロロ-2,6-ビス(フェニルエチニル)ナフタレンを以下の手順により合成した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39-7.42 (m, 6H, ArH), 7.63-7.67 (m, 4H, ArH), 7.74 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 8.25 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 396 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(608mg,2.53mmol)をNMP(15ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.34-7.40 (m, 2H, ArH), 7.45-7.57 (m, 4H, ArH), 7.71 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.79-7.82 (m, 4H, ArH), 7.91 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 8.05 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 392 (M+); mp > 300 ℃
前述のように合成した1,5-ジクロロ-2,6-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを用いて、1,5-ジクロロ-2,6-ジ(デシン-1-イル)ナフタレンを以下の手順により合成した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.89 (t, 6H, J = 7.0 Hz, CH3), 1.23-1.71 (m, 24H, CH2), 2.53 (t, 4H, J = 7.0 Hz, CH2), 7.56 (d, 2H, J = 8.5 Hz, ArH), 8.13 (d, 2H, J = 8.5 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 468 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(204mg,0.85mmol)をNMP(5ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.88 (t, 6H, J = 6.8 Hz, CH3), 1.21-1.83 (m, 24H, CH2), 2.97 (t, 4H, J = 7.4 Hz, CH2), 7.14 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.77 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 7.91 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 464 (M+); mp 92-93 ℃
窒素雰囲気下、セレン(72mg,0.91mmol)をエタノール(3ml)に懸濁させ、さらに水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(34mg,0.91mmol)を氷浴下で加えて、40分攪拌した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.73 (d, 2H, J = 5.8 Hz, ArH), 7.92 (s, 4H, ArH), 8.08 (d, 2H, J = 5.9 Hz, ArH); 13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 123.56, 124.40, 128.37, 128.39, 129.22, 139.95, 142.23; EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 336 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、セレン(141mg,1.8mmol)をエタノール(4ml)に懸濁させ、次に水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(68mg,1.8mmol)を氷浴下で加えて、40分間攪拌した。
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 488 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、1,5-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(5.0g,31mmol)と少量のヨウ素を酢酸(150ml)に溶解した。この溶液を80℃まで加熱した。なお、ここでは酢酸は溶媒として用いた。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 5.99 (s, 2H, OH), 7.39 (d, 2H, J = 9.4 Hz, ArH), 7.70 (d, 2H, J = 9.4 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 318 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、2,6-ジブロモ-1,5-ジヒドロキシナフタレン(3.0g,9.4mmol)及びピリジン(4.5ml,56mmol)を塩化メチレン(90ml)に溶解した。ここでは、ピリジンは不要物を除去するための添加剤として、塩化メチレンは溶媒としてそれぞれ用いた。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (d, 2H, J = 9.2 Hz, ArH), 8.03 (d, 2H, J = 9.2 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 582 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、2,6-ジブロモ-1,5-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレン(582mg,1.0mmol)をDMF(7ml)及びジイソプロピルアミン(7ml)に溶解した。この溶液を30分間脱気した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.29 (s, 18H, TMS), 7.71 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH), 8.14 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 478 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下で、Na2S・9H2O(202mg,0.84mmol)をNMP(6ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.43 (d, 2H, J = 5.4 Hz, ArH), 8.05 (d, 2H, J = 5.5 Hz ArH), 8.05 (d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz, ArH), 8.30 (d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 240 (M+)
前述のように合成した2,6-ジブロモ-1,5-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを用いて、2,6-ジブロモ-1,5-ビス(フェニルエチニル)ナフタレンを以下の手順により合成した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.42-7.44 (m, 6H, ArH), 7.69-7.72 (m, 4H, ArH), 7.79(d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz, ArH), 8.27 (d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 486 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下で、Na2S・9H2O(404mg,1.68mmol)をNMP(12ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39-7.40 (m, 2H, ArH), 7.47-7.51 (m, 4H, ArH), 7.82-7.84 (m, 4H, ArH), 8.01 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH), 7.71 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.05 (d, 2H, J = 8.6 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 392 (M+)
前述のように合成した2,6-ジブロモ-1,5-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを用いて、2,6-ジブロモ-1,5-ジ(デシン-1-イル)ナフタレンを以下の手順により合成した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.89 (t, 6H, J = 7.0 Hz, CH3), 1.26-1.70 (m, 24H, CH2), 2.62 (t, 4H, J = 7.3 Hz, CH2), 7.68 (d, 2H, J = 9.4 Hz, ArH), 8.10 (d, 2H, J = 9.4 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 558 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、Na2S・9H2O(404mg,1.68mmol)をNMP(12ml)に懸濁させ、15分間攪拌した。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.88 (t, 6H, J = 7.0 Hz, CH3), 1.26-1.70 (m, 24H, CH2), 3.02 (t, 4H, J = 7.3 Hz, CH2), 7.68 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.89 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH), 8.12 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 464 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、実施例1で合成したナフト[2,3-b:6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(50mg,0.21mmol)をTHF(10ml)に懸濁させた。この懸濁液を-78℃に冷却し、n-BuLi(0.4ml,0.63mmol,1.59M)を加えた。これを30分間攪拌した後、1,2-ジブロモ-1,1,2,2-テトラクロロエタン(150mg,0.46mmol)のTHF(3mL)溶液を滴下した。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.43 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.22 (s, 2H, ArH), 8.31 (s, 2H, ArH);
EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 398 (M+)
(2,7-ジブロモナフト[1,2-b:5,6-b’]ジチオフェンの合成)
窒素雰囲気下、実施例7で合成したナフト[1,2-b:5,6-b’]ジチオフェン(50mg,0.21mmol)をTHF(5ml)に溶解した。この溶液を-78℃に冷却し、n-BuLi(0.4ml,0.63mmol,1.59M)を加えた。これを30分間攪拌した後、1,2-ジブロモ-1,1,2,2,-テトラクロロエタン(651mg,2mmol)のTHF(3mL)溶液を滴下した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.80 (d, 2H, J = 8.5 Hz, ArH), 7.87 (d, 2H, J = 8.5 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 398 (M+)
窒素雰囲気下、実施例7で合成したナフト[1,2-b:5,6-b’]ジチオフェン(50mg,0.21mmol)をTHF(5ml)に溶解した。この溶液を-78℃に冷却し、n-BuLi(0.4ml,0.63mmol,1.59M)を加えた。これを30分間攪拌した後、ヨウ素(117mg,0.46mmol)のTHF(3mL)溶液を滴下した。
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.68 (s, 2H, ArH), 7.82 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH), 7.86 (d, 2H, J = 8.8 Hz, ArH); EIMS (70 eV) m/z = 492 (M+)
実施例2で合成した2,7-ジフェニルナフト[2,3-b:6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(以下、化合物A)、実施例3で合成した2,7-ジオクチルナフト[2,3-b:6,7-b’]ジチオフェン(以下、化合物B)、実施例8で合成した2,7-ジフェニルナフト[1,2-b:5,6-b’]ジチオフェン(以下、化合物C)、実施例11で合成した2,7-ジフェニルナフト[1,2-b:5,6-b’]ジセレノフェン(以下、化合物D)を用いてそれぞれFET素子を作製し、そのFET特性を検証した。
Id=WμCo(Vg-Vt)2/2L …(a)
Claims (16)
- ジハロゲノジヒドロキシナフタレンと無水トリフルオロメタンスルフォン酸とを反応させてジハロゲノ-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを得る工程と、
前記ジハロゲノ-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンと末端アセチレン化合物とを反応させてジハロゲノ-ジエチニルナフタレン誘導体を得る工程と、
前記ジハロゲノ-ジエチニルナフタレン誘導体と、硫化物塩又はセレン化物塩と、を反応させる工程と、
を含む、下記一般式(1)、一般式(2)、一般式(3)又は一般式(4)で表される化合物の製造方法。
(上記式中、Zは硫黄原子又はセレン原子を表し、Rは水素原子、アルキル基又はフェニル基を表す。) - ジヒドロキシナフタレンとハロゲン化剤とを反応させて前記ジハロゲノジヒドロキシナフタレンを得る工程を更に含む、
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記ジヒドロキシナフタレンは2,6-ジヒドロキシナフタレンであり、
得られる化合物は前記一般式(1)又は前記一般式(3)で表される化合物である、
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記ジヒドロキシナフタレンは2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレンであり、
得られる化合物は前記一般式(2)で表される化合物である、
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記ジヒドロキシナフタレンは1,5-ジヒドロキシナフタレンであり、
得られる化合物は前記一般式(4)で表される化合物である、
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記ハロゲン化剤は臭素化剤又は塩素化剤である、
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記ハロゲン化剤は臭素化剤であり、
前記ジヒドロキシナフタレンの臭素化を促進する触媒を添加する工程を更に含み、
前記臭素化剤を添加する工程は2回以上行われる、
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記末端アセチレン化合物は、トリメチルシリルアセチレン、フェニルアセチレン又は1-デシンのいずれかである、
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記ジハロゲノ-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンと前記末端アセチレン化合物との反応は、前記ジハロゲノ-ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルフォニル)ナフタレンを溶解可能な極性溶媒中で行われる、
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記極性溶媒は非プロトン性極性溶媒である、
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 前記非プロトン性極性溶媒はジメチルホルムアミドである、
ことを特徴とする請求項12に記載の化合物の製造方法。 - 請求項15に記載の有機半導体材料を含むことを特徴とする有機半導体デバイス。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2368892A4 (en) | 2011-12-14 |
US8816100B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 |
CN102224157A (zh) | 2011-10-19 |
JP5544650B2 (ja) | 2014-07-09 |
US20110224445A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
US20140051865A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
CN102224157B (zh) | 2014-10-22 |
EP2368892A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
KR101399770B1 (ko) | 2014-05-27 |
JP2010150229A (ja) | 2010-07-08 |
KR20110075024A (ko) | 2011-07-05 |
EP2368892B1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
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