WO2010055731A1 - ポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010055731A1 WO2010055731A1 PCT/JP2009/066153 JP2009066153W WO2010055731A1 WO 2010055731 A1 WO2010055731 A1 WO 2010055731A1 JP 2009066153 W JP2009066153 W JP 2009066153W WO 2010055731 A1 WO2010055731 A1 WO 2010055731A1
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- polyvinyl
- acetal resin
- polyvinyl alcohol
- polyvinyl acetal
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- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/6342—Polyvinylacetals, e.g. polyvinylbutyral [PVB]
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyvinyl acetal resin composition capable of obtaining a ceramic green sheet that has sufficient flexibility when it is used, for example, as a binder for a ceramic green sheet and is not easily damaged even when it is thinned.
- the present invention also relates to a ceramic slurry, a ceramic paste, a ceramic green sheet, a conductive paste and an automotive laminated glass interlayer film produced using the polyvinyl acetal resin composition.
- a multilayer electronic component such as a multilayer ceramic capacitor is generally manufactured through the following steps as disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2. First, after adding a plasticizer, a dispersant, etc. to a solution in which a binder resin such as polyvinyl butyral resin or poly (meth) acrylate ester resin is dissolved in an organic solvent, ceramic raw material powder is added, and uniformized by a ball mill or the like. Mixing to obtain a ceramic slurry composition having a constant viscosity after defoaming.
- the obtained ceramic slurry composition is cast on a support surface such as a polyethylene terephthalate film or SUS plate that has been subjected to mold release treatment using a doctor blade, reverse roll coater, etc., and volatile components such as organic solvents are collected by heating or the like. After leaving, the ceramic green sheet is obtained by peeling from the support.
- a multilayer ceramic capacitor is obtained through a process of thermally decomposing and removing components and the like, a so-called degreasing process, and then sintering an external electrode on the end face of the fired ceramic product.
- Patent Document 3 a polyvinyl acetal resin having a polymerization degree of 1200 to 2400 is used, so that the thickness is 5 ⁇ m or less.
- a method for producing a ceramic green sheet is disclosed.
- the conventional polyvinyl acetal resin has a problem that the ceramic green sheet is damaged at the time of peeling from the support.
- the present invention provides a polyvinyl acetal resin composition capable of obtaining a ceramic green sheet that is sufficiently flexible and is not easily damaged even when thinned, for example, when used as a binder for a ceramic green sheet.
- the purpose is to provide goods.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic slurry, a ceramic paste, a ceramic green sheet, a conductive paste and an automotive laminated glass interlayer film produced using the polyvinyl acetal resin composition.
- the present invention is a polyvinyl acetal resin composition
- a mixed polyvinyl alcohol composed of two or more kinds of polyvinyl alcohols having different saponification degrees is acetalized, and the mixed polyvinyl alcohol contains two main kinds of polyvinyl alcohols in which X and Y satisfy the relationship of the following formula (1).
- the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol having the larger polymerization degree is M and the polymerization degree of the other polyvinyl alcohol is N, the relation between the following formula (2) is satisfied.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin composition in which a phase composed of the polyvinyl acetal resin A and a phase composed of the polyvinyl acetal resin B form a sea-island structure.
- X represents the saponification degree of any one kind of polyvinyl alcohol a among the polyvinyl alcohols contained in the mixed vinyl alcohol
- Y represents the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol b other than polyvinyl alcohol a.
- the present inventors have obtained a phase comprising a polyvinyl acetal resin A and a phase comprising a polyvinyl acetal resin B or an incompatible polyvinyl acetal resin A obtained by using a predetermined polyvinyl alcohol.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin composition having a sea-island structure is used as a binder for a ceramic green sheet or the like, the resulting ceramic green sheet has an appropriate flexibility, and even when it is thinned, damage such as tearing occurs. It has been found that it becomes difficult to complete the present invention.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition of the present invention contains a polyvinyl acetal resin A and a polyvinyl acetal resin B that is incompatible with the polyvinyl acetal resin A, the phase comprising the polyvinyl acetal resin A, and the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the phase consisting of B forms a sea-island structure.
- the sea-island structure represents a structure in which a phase composed of one component (island component) is dispersed in a phase composed of the other component (sea component).
- the dispersion diameter of the phase composed of the island components is 0.07 ⁇ m or more is referred to as “having an island structure”.
- the dispersion diameter of the phase composed of the island component is less than 0.07 ⁇ m, the characteristics of the sea component appear strongly, and the characteristics of the island component are not fully exhibited.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin A may be an island component
- the polyvinyl acetal resin B may be a sea component
- the polyvinyl acetal resin B may be an island component
- the polyvinyl acetal resin A may be a sea component.
- polyvinyl acetal resin A when polyvinyl acetal resin A has more content than polyvinyl acetal resin B, polyvinyl acetal resin A becomes a sea component, and when polyvinyl acetal resin A has less content than polyvinyl acetal resin B, polyvinyl acetal resin A is an island component.
- a component having a high degree of polymerization is a sea component
- a component having a small degree of polymerization is an island component.
- the degree of saponification is not relevant when distinguishing between sea and island components.
- the shape of the phase which consists of the said island component is not specifically limited, For example, spherical shape, rod shape, plate shape, thin film shape, fiber shape, tube shape etc. are mentioned. Of these, spherical is preferable.
- the dispersion diameter of the phase composed of the island components can be determined by, for example, observing the cross section of the resin using a transmission electron microscope (TEM Transmission Electron Microscopy).
- the transmission electron microscope is a microscope that observes the internal structure of a substance by transmitting an electron beam through a sample and obtaining electrons scattered and diffracted by atoms in the sample as an electron diffraction pattern or a transmission electron microscope image.
- the dispersion diameter can be measured by the following method. First, a cut surface sample is prepared by cutting using a microtome, and then the cut surface is photographed at 3000 times using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The diameter of all the island component phases that can be confirmed from the obtained image is measured.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the diameter of the phase including 80% island component phases is included.
- the range is the dispersion diameter.
- the phase which consists of the said island component is shapes other than spherical shape, let the average value of a major axis and a minor axis be a diameter.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin A is not particularly limited as long as it is a polyvinyl acetal resin that is incompatible with the polyvinyl acetal resin B and can form a sea-island structure in combination with the polyvinyl acetal resin B. Can be used.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin B is not particularly limited as long as it is a polyvinyl acetal resin that is incompatible with the polyvinyl acetal resin A and can form a sea-island structure in combination with the polyvinyl acetal resin A.
- the mixing ratio of the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B is preferably 8: 2 to 4: 6 by weight.
- the mixing ratio is outside the above range, the characteristics of the component having a large mixing ratio may appear strongly, and the characteristics of the component having a small mixing ratio may not be sufficiently exhibited.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition of the present invention may contain other components in addition to the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the other components are not particularly limited as long as they are incompatible with the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B.
- polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, ethylene vinyl Alcohol resin, phenol resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyamide resin, epoxy resin, silicon resin, polyester resin, amino resin, polyurethane resin and the like can be mentioned.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition of the present invention is obtained by acetalizing a mixed polyvinyl alcohol composed of two or more types of polyvinyl alcohols having different saponification degrees, and the mixed polyvinyl alcohol has a relationship in which X and Y are represented by the following formula (1): Contains two main polyvinyl alcohols to fill.
- X represents the saponification degree of any one kind of polyvinyl alcohol a among the polyvinyl alcohols contained in the mixed vinyl alcohol
- Y represents the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol b other than polyvinyl alcohol a.
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol is composed of two or more types of polyvinyl alcohol having different saponification degrees.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin composition obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol having a different saponification degree as described above the flexibility when a thin film is used as compared with the case of using polyvinyl alcohol having a uniform saponification degree.
- the elongation at break can be greatly improved.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition made from polyvinyl alcohol having a different saponification degree is less compatible with a component having a higher saponification degree and a lower component, the glass transition point (Tg) is measured by DSC. In this case, two Tg may be observed.
- a component having a low saponification degree has high flexibility because of its low glass transition temperature, and the mixing of this component greatly improves the flexibility and elongation at break of the sheet.
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol contains two main types of polyvinyl alcohol in which X and Y satisfy the relationship of the above formula (1).
- X and Y satisfy the relationship of the above formula (1).
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol consists of 2 types of polyvinyl alcohol
- fill the relationship of said (1) formula be "main 2 types of polyvinyl alcohol.”
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol is composed of three or more kinds of polyvinyl alcohol
- the combination in which the total content of the polyvinyl alcohol is the largest is obtained. It is referred to as “main two types of polyvinyl alcohol”.
- the combination having the largest difference in the degree of saponification is defined as “main two types of polyvinyl alcohol”.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol other than the polyvinyl alcohol satisfying the relationship of the formula (1) exceeds the content of either of the two main polyvinyl alcohols, it is out of the scope of the present invention.
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol is preferably composed of polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 95 mol% or more and polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 85 mol%.
- a portion where a polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 95 mol% or more is acetalized effectively forms a hydrogen bond of a hydroxyl group, so that the strength of the sheet tends to be high.
- a portion where polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 85 mol% or less is acetalized is less likely to form a hydrogen bond due to the influence of residual acetyl groups, and thus the sheet is likely to be flexible.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition which is high in strength and excellent in flexibility can be obtained by mixing polyvinyl acetal resins having different characteristics.
- the minimum of the saponification degree of the said mixed polyvinyl alcohol is 70 mol%. If the saponification degree of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol is less than 70 mol%, the water solubility of the polyvinyl alcohol is deteriorated, so that acetalization becomes difficult and the amount of hydroxyl groups decreases, so that the degree of acetalization is sufficiently increased. Becomes difficult.
- the minimum with the preferable saponification degree of the said mixed polyvinyl alcohol is 72 mol%.
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained, for example, by saponifying a copolymer of vinyl ester and ethylene.
- the vinyl ester include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl pivalate and the like. Of these, vinyl acetate is preferred from the viewpoint of economy.
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol may be one obtained by copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the ethylenically unsaturated monomer include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, (anhydrous) phthalic acid, (anhydrous) maleic acid, (anhydrous) itaconic acid, acrylonitrile methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, trimethyl- ( 3-acrylamido-3-dimethylpropyl) -ammonium chloride, acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and its sodium salt, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl fluoride, chloride Examples include vinylidene, vinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, sodium vinyl sulfonate, and sodium allyl sulfonate.
- a terminal polyvinyl alcohol obtained by copolymerizing a vinyl ester monomer such as vinyl acetate with ethylene in the presence of a thiol compound such as thiol acetic acid or mercaptopropionic acid and saponifying it. it can.
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol may be a saponified copolymer obtained by copolymerizing the vinyl ester and ⁇ -olefin. Furthermore, it is good also as polyvinyl alcohol which copolymerizes the said ethylenically unsaturated monomer and contains the component originating in an ethylenically unsaturated monomer. Also used is a terminal polyvinyl alcohol obtained by copolymerizing a vinyl ester monomer such as vinyl acetate with an ⁇ -olefin in the presence of a thiol compound such as thiol acetic acid or mercaptopropionic acid, and saponifying it. be able to.
- the ⁇ -olefin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include methylene, ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, butylene, isobutylene, pentylene, hexylene, cyclohexylene, cyclohexylethylene, and cyclohexylpropylene.
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol has a preferable lower limit of 500 and a preferable upper limit of 3000.
- the degree of polymerization of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol is less than 500, a polyvinyl acetal resin composition having a sufficient viscosity cannot be obtained, and the strength of the ceramic green sheet when it is thinned becomes insufficient.
- the degree of polymerization of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol exceeds 3000, the solubility in water decreases and the viscosity of the aqueous solution becomes too high, so that acetalization becomes difficult.
- dissolving in an organic solvent becomes high too much, the dispersibility of ceramic powder and the coating property of the ceramic paste for ceramic green sheets fall.
- the polymerization degree of the said polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B can be calculated
- the degree of polymerization of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol is determined from the average value of the degree of polymerization of each polyvinyl alcohol.
- M and N are represented by the following formula (2): Have the relationship. Since the polymerization degree of the two main polyvinyl alcohols has such a relationship, there is no significant difference in the fluidity of the two polyvinyl alcohols, so that one component is not compatible with the other component and the sea island The structure appears and becomes a resin that has both the properties of the sea and island components.
- the above-mentioned mixed polyvinyl alcohol has a preferred upper limit of 3000 for the difference in the degree of polymerization of the two main types of polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter also simply referred to as the difference in the degree of polymerization of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol). If the difference in the degree of polymerization of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol exceeds 3000, the two main types of polyvinyl alcohol may be miscible and the effect of imparting flexibility may not be exhibited.
- the difference in the degree of polymerization of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol means an absolute value of the difference in the degree of polymerization.
- the saponification degree of one of the two main polyvinyl alcohols Is X (mol%) and the saponification degree of the other polyvinyl alcohol is Y (mol%), it is preferable that X and Y have the relationship of the following formula (3).
- the saponification degree of one of the two main polyvinyl alcohols is X (mol%) and the other polyvinyl alcohol is
- X and Y have the relationship of the following formula (4).
- the saponification degree of one polyvinyl alcohol of the two main polyvinyl alcohols is X (mol%) and the saponification degree of the other polyvinyl alcohol.
- X and Y have the relationship of the following formula (5).
- the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained, but there are cases where a sufficient effect cannot be obtained even if a polyvinyl alcohol mixed with polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 500 and a saponification degree of 80 mol% is acetalized.
- the above-mentioned mixed polyvinyl alcohol is a mixture ratio of polyvinyl alcohol having a higher saponification degree to the other polyvinyl alcohol of the two main polyvinyl alcohols (polyvinyl alcohol having a high saponification degree: polyvinyl alcohol having a low saponification degree). ),
- the weight ratio is 8: 2 to 4: 6.
- the mixing ratio is outside the above range (for example, a weight ratio of 1: 9)
- the compatibility of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol is increased, so that the flexibility imparting effect is hardly exhibited.
- it is 7: 3 to 5: 5. *
- the mixed polyvinyl alcohol may be a mixture of three or more types of polyvinyl alcohol having different degrees of polymerization and saponification. However, in that case, it is preferable to satisfy the ranges of the polymerization degree and the saponification degree.
- polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 99 mol% polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 95 mol%
- Examples thereof include mixed polyvinyl alcohol mixed with alcohol at a weight ratio of 1: 1: 1.
- the acetalization method is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be used.
- butyraldehyde and / or acetaldehyde is added to the aqueous solution of the mixed polyvinyl alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst such as hydrochloric acid. Methods and the like.
- the acetalization it is preferable to use butyraldehyde and / or acetaldehyde. Thereby, the polyvinyl acetal resin composition excellent in the balance of solvent solubility, flexibility, and sheet strength can be obtained.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin composition containing the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B is obtained.
- the minimum with a preferable degree of acetalization of the said polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B is 40 mol%, and a preferable upper limit is 80 mol%.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B is less than 40 mol%, the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B are insoluble in an organic solvent, which may hinder the production of a ceramic paste for a ceramic green sheet.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B exceeds 80 mol%, the residual hydroxyl group is decreased and the toughness of the resin may be impaired.
- the more preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization is 55 mol%, and the more preferable upper limit is 70 mol%.
- the degree of acetalization is the ratio of the number of hydroxyl groups acetalized among the number of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin A or polyvinyl acetal resin B.
- the degree of acetalization Since the acetal group of the polyvinyl acetal resin A or the polyvinyl acetal resin B is formed by acetalization from two hydroxyl groups, a method of counting the two acetal hydroxyl groups is employed to determine the degree of acetalization. Calculate mol%.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition can be obtained by dissolving a mixed polyvinyl alcohol composed of two or more kinds of polyvinyl alcohols having different saponification degrees, and then acetalizing the two or more kinds of polyvinyl acetals having different saponification degrees. It is good also as a polyvinyl acetal resin composition by manufacturing an acetal resin by a conventional method, and mixing. However, among these, the former method is preferable.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition of the present invention preferably further contains an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include organic solvents such as ketones, alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, and esters.
- organic solvents for the ketones include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dipropyl ketone, and diisobutyl ketone.
- organic solvents for alcohols include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol and the like.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon organic solvent include toluene and xylene.
- organic solvent for the esters examples include, for example, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, butyl propionate, methyl butanoate, ethyl butanoate, butyl butanoate, methyl pentanoate, ethyl pentanoate, butyl pentanoate, and methyl hexanoate.
- organic solvent for example, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, ⁇ -terpineol, butyl cellosolve acetate, butyl carbitol acetate and the like can be used. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the minimum with preferable content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (total of polyvinyl acetal resin A and polyvinyl acetal resin B) in the polyvinyl acetal resin composition of this invention is 1 weight%, and a preferable upper limit is 50 weight%.
- a preferable upper limit is 50 weight%.
- the content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is less than 1% by weight, the film forming performance may be inferior.
- the content of the polyvinyl acetal resin exceeds 50% by weight, the handling property is deteriorated due to high viscosity.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said polyvinyl acetal resin is 3 weight%, and a more preferable upper limit is 33 weight%.
- the more preferable lower limit of the content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is 5% by weight, and the more preferable upper limit is 20% by weight.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition of the present invention can be used, for example, as a slurry composition or coating paste in which inorganic powder is extremely well dispersed by dispersing inorganic powder such as ceramic powder or conductive powder.
- the slurry composition can be used as a ceramic slurry.
- the obtained ceramic slurry can be suitably used as a material for a ceramic green sheet of a multilayer ceramic capacitor.
- Such a ceramic slurry is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the ceramic slurry of the present invention it is possible to produce a ceramic green sheet that is not easily damaged when peeled from the support, even if the thickness is 2 ⁇ m or less.
- Such a ceramic green sheet is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the coating paste can be used as a ceramic paste.
- the obtained ceramic paste is also preferably used as a ceramic paste to be applied to a portion where no conductive layer is formed for the purpose of filling a step generated after screen printing of the conductive paste in the production of a multilayer ceramic capacitor. Can do.
- Such a ceramic paste is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the ceramic powder is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alumina, zirconia, aluminum silicate, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, barium titanate, magnesia, sialon, spinelmullite, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and aluminum nitride. .
- the coating paste can be used as a conductive paste.
- the conductive layer formed by the obtained conductive paste is not easily damaged, and is suitably used for manufacturing a multilayer ceramic capacitor.
- Such a conductive paste is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the conductive powder is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits sufficient conductivity, and examples thereof include powder made of nickel, palladium, platinum, gold, silver, copper, alloys thereof, and the like. These conductive powders may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ceramic slurry, ceramic paste, and conductive paste of the present invention may be appropriately added with a plasticizer, a lubricant, a dispersant, an antistatic agent, and the like as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition of the present invention is used for an interlayer film for laminated glass used in automobiles, it is difficult to break even when the glass is broken, and it is less likely to break in the stretching process, and is excellent in production efficiency.
- An interlayer film for glass is obtained.
- Such a laminated glass interlayer film for automobiles is also one aspect of the present invention.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin composition capable of obtaining a ceramic green sheet that is sufficiently flexible and is not easily damaged even when it is thinned. it can.
- the amount of plasticizer added to the ceramic green sheet can be greatly reduced.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin composition it is possible to provide a ceramic slurry, a ceramic paste, a ceramic green sheet, a conductive paste and a laminated glass interlayer film for automobiles having excellent performance.
- FIG. 4 is a TEM photograph obtained by photographing a cross section of the resin sheet obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a TEM photograph taken of a cross section of a resin sheet obtained in Example 6.
- FIG. 4 is a TEM photograph obtained by photographing a cross section of a resin sheet obtained in Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 10 is a TEM photograph obtained by photographing a cross section of a resin sheet obtained in Comparative Example 3.
- 10 is a TEM photograph taken of a cross section of a resin sheet obtained in Comparative Example 7.
- Example 1 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 99 mol% and 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 80 mol% are added to 3000 g of pure water, and stirred at a temperature of 90 ° C. for about 2 hours to dissolve. It was. The solution was cooled to 40 ° C., 120 g of 35% by weight hydrochloric acid and 125 g of n-butyraldehyde were added thereto, the liquid temperature was lowered to 10 ° C., and this temperature was maintained to conduct an acetalization reaction. The product precipitated out. Thereafter, the liquid temperature was kept at 40 ° C.
- polyvinyl acetal resin was dissolved in DMSO-d 6 (dimethyl sulfoxide), and the degree of butyralization was measured using 13 C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum). The degree of butyralization was 56 mol%. there were.
- Example 2 Polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 99 mol%, 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol, a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 87.5 mol% of polyvinyl alcohol and 130 g of n-butyraldehyde were used in the same manner as in Example 1. A butyral resin was obtained. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 60 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 3 A polyvinyl butyral resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, using 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 1100 and 99 mol% of saponification, 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 1100 and 78 mol% of saponification, and 120 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 60 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 4 A polyvinyl butyral resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, using 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 800 and 99 mol% of saponification, 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and 78 mol% of saponification, and 122 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 57 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 5 91 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 99 mol%, 38 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 800 and a saponification degree of 99 mol%, and 131 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1100 and a saponification degree of 78 mol%, n-butyl
- a polyvinyl butyral resin was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using 122 g of aldehyde. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 57 mol%.
- a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 6 A polyvinyl butyral resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, using 195 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 99 mol%, 65 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 80 mol%, and 135 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 62 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 7 A polyvinyl butyral resin was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using 156 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 99 mol%, 104 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 80 mol%, and 126 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 59 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 8 104 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 1700 and 99 mol% of saponification, 78 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 800 and 98 mol% of saponification, 52 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 1700 and 78 mol% of saponification, 1100 of degree of polymerization
- a polyvinyl butyral resin was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using 26 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of conversion of 82 mol% and 123 g of n-butyraldehyde. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 57 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 A polyvinyl butyral resin was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using 260 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 99 mol% and 150 g of n-butyraldehyde. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 66 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 A polyvinyl butyral resin was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using 260 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 89 mol% and 129 g of n-butyraldehyde. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 60 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 3 A polyvinyl butyral resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, using 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 1700 and 98 mol% of saponification, 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 1700 and 90 mol% of saponification, and 130 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 61 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 4 Polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 88.5 mol%, 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol, a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 80 mol% of polyvinyl alcohol, and 110 g of n-butyraldehyde were used in the same manner as in Example 1. A butyral resin was obtained. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 51 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 5 A polyvinyl butyral resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, using 91 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 800 and 95 mol% of saponification, 169 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 2500 and 79 mol% of saponification, and 122 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 57 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 6 A polyvinyl butyral resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, using 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 3300 and 99 mol% of saponification, 130 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 500 and 79 mol% of saponification, and 122 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 57 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 7 A polyvinyl butyral resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using 234 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 1700 and 99 mol% of saponification, 26 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of 1700 and 80 mol% of saponification, and 146 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 65 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a polyvinyl butyral resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, using 26 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 99 mol%, 234 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a saponification degree of 80 mol%, and 106 g of n-butyraldehyde. Got. The degree of butyralization of the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin was 45 mol%. Using the obtained polyvinyl butyral resin, a resin sheet of polyvinyl acetal resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the cut surface sample was produced by cut
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the diameter of the phase composed of all island components that can be confirmed from the obtained image is measured, and when the total number of phases composed of island components is 100%, the phase composed of 80% island components is included.
- the diameter range was defined as the dispersion diameter.
- the phase which consists of the said island component is shapes other than spherical shape, the average value of the major axis and the minor axis was made into the diameter.
- tensile modulus Based on JIS K 7113, the tensile modulus (MPa) was measured using TENSILON (manufactured by ORIENTEC) under the condition of a tensile speed of 20 mm / min.
- Examples 1 to 8 had a sea-island structure.
- the results of Examples 1 and 6 are shown in FIGS.
- TEM images of Examples 1 to 8 it is difficult to determine which component is the sea component or the island component because the addition amount of the two components is the same and the degree of polymerization is the same for Example 1. It was.
- Examples 2 and 3 it was difficult to determine which component was a sea component or an island component.
- Examples 4 and 5 it was observed that the component having a high degree of polymerization was a sea component and the other component was an island component.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin composition capable of obtaining a ceramic green sheet that is sufficiently flexible and is not easily damaged even when it is thinned. it can.
- the ceramic slurry manufactured using the polyvinyl acetal resin composition, the ceramic paste, the ceramic green sheet, the electrically conductive paste, and the laminated glass intermediate film for motor vehicles can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
まず、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂やポリ(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系樹脂等のバインダー樹脂を有機溶剤に溶解した溶液に、可塑剤、分散剤等を添加した後、セラミック原料粉末を加え、ボールミル等により均一に混合し、脱泡後に一定粘度を有するセラミックスラリー組成物を得る。得られたセラミックスラリー組成物をドクターブレード、リバースロールコーター等を用いて、離型処理したポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム又はSUSプレート等の支持体面に流延成形し、加熱等により有機溶剤等の揮発分を溜去させた後、支持体から剥離してセラミックグリーンシートを得る。
ケン化度が異なる2種以上のポリビニルアルコールからなる混合ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化してなり、上記混合ポリビニルアルコールは、X及びYが下記(1)式の関係を満たす主たる2種のポリビニルアルコールを含有し、上記主たる2種のポリビニルアルコールのうち、重合度が大きい方のポリビニルアルコールの重合度をM、他方のポリビニルアルコールの重合度をNとした場合、M及びNが下記(2)式の関係を有し、かつ、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aからなる相と、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bからなる相とが海島構造を形成しているポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物である。
このような構造を有することで、例えば、機械的強度の向上や、柔軟性の付与等の性能を同時に達成させることが可能となる。
本発明では、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aが島成分、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bが海成分であってもよく、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bが島成分、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aが海成分であってもよい。
なお、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aがポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bよりも含有量が多い場合は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aが海成分となり、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aがポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bよりも含有量が少ない場合は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aが島成分となる。
また、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aとポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bの添加量が同じ場合には、重合度の大きい成分が海成分、少ない成分が島成分となる。但し、海成分と島成分とを区別する際に、ケン化度は関係しない。
本発明においては、例えば、以下の方法で分散径を測定することができる。
まず、ミクロトームを用いて切断することにより切断面試料を作製した後、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いて切断面を3000倍で撮影する。得られた画像から確認可能な全ての島成分からなる相の直径を測定し、島成分からなる相の全個数を100%とした場合に、80%の島成分からなる相が含まれる直径の範囲を分散径とする。なお、上記島成分からなる相が球状以外の形状である場合は、長径と短径の平均値を直径とする。
上記(1)式の関係を満たす主たる2種のポリビニルアルコールを含有することで、Tgの低い低ケン化成分と、Tgの高い高ケン化成分の差が明確になり、Tgの低い成分による、柔軟性付与の効果が有効に発現される。
なお、上記混合ポリビニルアルコールが2種のポリビニルアルコールからなる場合は、上記(1)式の関係を満たす2種の組み合わせを「主たる2種のポリビニルアルコール」とする。また、上記混合ポリビニルアルコールが3種以上のポリビニルアルコールからなる場合において、上記(1)式の関係を満たす2種の組み合わせが複数存在する場合は、ポリビニルアルコールの合計含有量が最も大きくなる組み合わせを「主たる2種のポリビニルアルコール」とする。更に、合計含有量が最も大きくなる組み合わせが複数存在する場合には、ケン化度の差が最も大きい組み合わせを「主たる2種のポリビニルアルコール」とする。但し、上記(1)式の関係を満たすポリビニルアルコール以外のポリビニルアルコールの含有量が上記主たる2種のポリビニルアルコールの何れかの含有量を超える場合は、本発明の範囲外とする。
ケン化度が95モル%以上のポリビニルアルコールがアセタール化された部分は、水酸基の水素結合が効果的に形成されるため、シートの強度が高くなりやすい。また、ケン化度が85モル%以下のポリビニルアルコールがアセタール化された部分は残存アセチル基の影響で水素結合を形成しにくくなるため、シートが柔軟になりやすい。このように、異なる特性のポリビニルアセタール樹脂が混合されていることで、強度が高く、柔軟性にも優れたポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物を得ることができる。
なお、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂A及びポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bの重合度は、原料である混合ポリビニルアルコールの重合度を用いることによって求めることができる。また、上記混合ポリビニルアルコールの重合度は、それぞれのポリビニルアルコールの重合度の平均値から求める。
上記主たる2種のポリビニルアルコールの重合度がこのような関係を有することにより、2種のポリビニルアルコールの流動性に大きな差異がないため、一方の成分が他方の成分に相溶することがなく海島構造が現れ、海と島の成分の性質を両方持ち合わせる樹脂となる。
|X-Y|が30より大きいと、ケン化度の低い方のポリビニルアルコールの水への溶解性が低下するためにアセタール化反応が困難になったり、得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物の溶剤への溶解性が低下したりする。
例えば、重合度が1700、ケン化度が95モル%のポリビニルアルコールを使用する場合は、重合度が1000、ケン化度が80モル%のポリビニルアルコールとの混合ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化すると別の態様の本発明の効果を充分に得ることができるが、重合度が1000、ケン化度が85モル%のポリビニルアルコールとの混合ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化しても充分な効果が得られないことがある。
|X-Y|が30より大きいと、ケン化度の低い方のポリビニルアルコールの水への溶解性が低下するためにアセタール化反応が困難になったり、得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物の溶剤への溶解性が低下したりする。
例えば、重合度が3300、ケン化度が99モル%のポリビニルアルコールを使用する場合は、重合度が1000、ケン化度が75モル%のポリビニルアルコールとの混合ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化すると別の態様の本発明の効果を充分に得ることができるが、重合度が1000、ケン化度が80モル%のポリビニルアルコールとの混合ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化しても充分な効果が得られないことがある。
|X-Y|が30より大きいと、ケン化度の低い方のポリビニルアルコールの水への溶解性が低下するためにアセタール化反応が困難になったり、得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物の溶剤への溶解性が低下したりする。
例えば、重合度が3300、ケン化度が99モル%のポリビニルアルコールを使用する場合は、重合度が500、ケン化度が73モル%のポリビニルアルコールとの混合ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化すると別の態様の本発明の効果を充分に得ることができるが、重合度が500、ケン化度が80モル%のポリビニルアルコールとの混合ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化しても充分な効果が得られない場合がある。
例えば、重合度が1700でケン化度が99モル%のポリビニルアルコールと、重合度が1700でケン化度が95モル%のポリビニルアルコールと、重合度が1700でケン化度が75モル%のポリビニルアルコールとを1:1:1の重量比で混合した混合ポリビニルアルコール等が挙げられる。
上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂A及びポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bのアセタール化度の好ましい下限は40モル%、好ましい上限は80モル%である。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂A及びポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bのアセタール化度が40モル%未満であると、有機溶剤に不溶となり、セラミックグリーンシート用セラミックペースト作製に支障となることがある。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂A及びポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bのアセタール化度が80モル%を超えると、残存水酸基が少なくなり、樹脂の強靱性が損なわれることがある。上記アセタール化度のより好ましい下限は55モル%、より好ましい上限は70モル%である。
なお、本明細書において、アセタール化度とは、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂A又はポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bの水酸基数のうち、アセタール化された水酸基数の割合のことであり、アセタール化度の計算方法としては、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂A又はポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bのアセタール基が2個の水酸基からアセタール化されて形成されていることから、アセタール化された2個の水酸基を数える方法を採用してアセタール化度のモル%を算出する。
上記有機溶剤としては特に限定されず、例えば、ケトン類、アルコール類、芳香族炭化水素類、エステル類等の有機溶剤が挙げられる。
上記ケトン類の有機溶剤としては、例えば、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、ジプロピルケトン、ジイソブチルケトン等が挙げられる。
上記アルコール類の有機溶剤としては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、ブタノール等が挙げられる。
上記芳香族炭化水素類の有機溶剤としては、例えば、トルエン、キシレン等が挙げられる。
上記エステル類の有機溶剤としては、例えば、プロピオン酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル、プロピオン酸ブチル、ブタン酸メチル、ブタン酸エチル、ブタン酸ブチル、ペンタン酸メチル、ペンタン酸エチル、ペンタン酸ブチル、ヘキサン酸メチル、ヘキサン酸エチル、ヘキサン酸ブチル、酢酸2-エチルヘキシル、酪酸2-エチルヘキシル等が挙げられる。
また、上記有機溶剤として、例えば、メチルセルソルブ、エチルセルソルブ、ブチルセルソルブ、α-テルピネオール、ブチルセルソルブアセテート、ブチルカルビトールアセテート等を用いることもできる。
これらの有機溶剤は単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
このようなセラミックグリーンシートもまた、本発明の1つである。
このような導電ペーストもまた、本発明の1つである。
特に、本発明のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物を用いた場合、セラミックグリーンシートへの可塑剤の添加量を大幅に削減することが可能となる。その結果、セラミックグリーンシートの破損等を防止できるだけでなく、可塑剤に起因する変形や可塑剤のブリードを効果的に防止することが可能となる。
更に、該ポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物を用いることで、優れた性能を有するセラミックスラリー、セラミックペースト、セラミックグリーンシート、導電ペースト及び自動車用合わせガラス中間膜を提供できる。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール130gと、重合度1700、ケン化度80モル%のポリビニルアルコール130gとを純水3000gに加え、90℃の温度で約2時間攪拌し溶解させた。この溶液を40℃に冷却し、これに濃度35重量%の塩酸120gとn-ブチルアルデヒド125gとを添加し、液温を10℃に下げてこの温度を保持してアセタール化反応を行い、反応生成物を析出させた。その後、液温を40℃、3時間保持して反応を完了させ、常法により中和、水洗及び乾燥を経て、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の白色粉末を得た。得られたポリビニルアセタール樹脂をDMSO-d6(ジメチルスルホキサイド)に溶解し、13C-NMR(核磁気共鳴スペクトル)を用いてブチラール化度を測定したところ、ブチラール化度は56モル%であった。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、重合度1700、ケン化度87.5モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、n-ブチルアルデヒド130gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は60モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1100、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、重合度1100、ケン化度78モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、n-ブチルアルデヒド120gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は60モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度800、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、重合度1700、ケン化度78モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、n-ブチルアルデヒド122gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は57モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール91g、重合度800、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール38g、及び、重合度1100、ケン化度78モル%のポリビニルアルコール131g、n-ブチルアルデヒド122gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は57モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール195g、重合度1700、ケン化度80モル%のポリビニルアルコール65g、n-ブチルアルデヒド135gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は62モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール156g、重合度1700、ケン化度80モル%のポリビニルアルコール104g、n-ブチルアルデヒド126gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は59モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール104g、重合度800、ケン化度98モル%のポリビニルアルコール78g、重合度1700、ケン化度78モル%のポリビニルアルコール52g、重合度1100、ケン化度82モル%のポリビニルアルコール26g、及び、n-ブチルアルデヒド123gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は57モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール260g、n-ブチルアルデヒド150gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は66モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度89モル%のポリビニルアルコール260g、n-ブチルアルデヒド129gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は60モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度98モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、重合度1700、ケン化度90モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、n-ブチルアルデヒド130gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は61モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度88.5モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、重合度1700、ケン化度80モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、n-ブチルアルデヒド110gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は51モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度800、ケン化度95モル%のポリビニルアルコール91g、重合度2500、ケン化度79モル%のポリビニルアルコール169g、n-ブチルアルデヒド122gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は57モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度3300、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、重合度500、ケン化度79モル%のポリビニルアルコール130g、n-ブチルアルデヒド122gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は57モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール234g、重合度1700、ケン化度80モル%のポリビニルアルコール26g、n-ブチルアルデヒド146gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は65モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度99モル%のポリビニルアルコール26g、重合度1700、ケン化度80モル%のポリビニルアルコール234g、n-ブチルアルデヒド106gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は45モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
重合度1700、ケン化度93モル%のポリビニルアルコール78g、重合度1700、ケン化度86モル%のポリビニルアルコール104g、重合度1700、ケン化度79モル%のポリビニルアルコール78g、及び、n-ブチルアルデヒド116gを用いて、実施例1と同様の方法によりポリビニルブチラール樹脂を得た。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は52モル%であった。
得られたポリビニルブチラール樹脂を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてポリビニルアセタール樹脂の樹脂シートを作製した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた樹脂シートについて、以下の評価を行った。
結果を表1に示した。なお、実施例1~5及び比較例1~6の結果については表1に、実施例6~8及び比較例7~9の結果については表2に示した。
また、表1及び表2には、2種類のポリビニルアルコールのケン化度を混合重量比の割合から傾斜配分し算出した計算ケン化度及び2種類のポリビニルアルコールの重合度をそれぞれの混合モル比の割合により傾斜配分し算出した計算重合度を記載した。
得られた樹脂シートから採取した試料について、ミクロトームを用いて切断することにより切断面試料を作製した後、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いて切断面を3000倍で撮影した。なお、実施例1、6及び比較例2、3及び7で得られた樹脂シートから採取した試料の画像をそれぞれ図1~5に示した。
次いで、得られた画像から確認可能な全ての島成分からなる相の直径を測定し、島成分からなる相の全個数を100%とした場合に、80%の島成分からなる相が含まれる直径の範囲を分散径とした。なお、上記島成分からなる相が球状以外の形状である場合は、長径と短径の平均値を直径とした。
なお、海成分と島成分との境界が不明確な比較例4、5については、分散径の測定を行わなかった。また、1種類のポリビニルアルコールを用いた比較例1、2については、断面状態の確認を行わなかった。
JIS K 7113に準拠して、TENSILON(ORIENTEC社製)を用い、引張速度20mm/分の条件にて引張弾性率(MPa)の測定を行った。
JIS K 6301「加硫ゴム物理試験方法」に準拠して、板状成形体から切り出したダンベル状3号形試験片を用い、20℃-50%RHの雰囲気下にて、引張速度50mm/分で引張試験を行い、破断点伸度(%)を測定した。
なお、実施例1~8のTEM画像を観察すると、実施例1については2成分の添加量が等しく、重合度も等しいことからどちらの成分が海成分か島成分かが判断し難い状態となっていた。実施例2、3についても同様にどちらの成分が海成分か島成分かが判断し難い状態であった。
実施例4、5では重合度の大きい成分が海成分となり、他方の成分が島成分となっていることが観察された。
実施例6、7及び8では添加量の多いポリビニルアルコールからなるポリビニルアセタール樹脂が海成分となり、他方の成分が島成分となっていることが観察された。
一方、比較例で得られたポリビニルアセタール樹脂は樹脂同士が相溶しており、海島構造が形成されていないことが確認された。図3~5に比較例2、3及び7の結果を示す。
これにより、表1に示すように、実施例で得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、比較例で得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂と比べて、破断点伸度が大きくなっているだけでなく、引張弾性率についても高い値となっていることが分かる。
これらから、実施例で得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、充分な強度と柔軟性とを有していることが分かる。
Claims (10)
- ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aと、前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aとは非相溶のポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bとを含有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物であって、
ケン化度が異なる2種以上のポリビニルアルコールからなる混合ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化してなり、
前記混合ポリビニルアルコールは、X及びYが下記(1)式の関係を満たす主たる2種のポリビニルアルコールを含有し、
前記主たる2種のポリビニルアルコールのうち、重合度が高い方のポリビニルアルコールの重合度をM、他方のポリビニルアルコールの重合度をNとした場合、M及びNが下記(2)式の関係を有し、かつ、
前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Aからなる相と、前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂Bからなる相とが海島構造を形成している
ことを特徴とするポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物。
- 混合ポリビニルアルコールは、ケン化度が95モル%以上のポリビニルアルコールと、ケン化度が85モル%以下のポリビニルアルコールとからなることを特徴とする請求項1記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物。
- 混合ポリビニルアルコールは、主たる2種のポリビニルアルコールのうち、ケン化度が高い方のポリビニルアルコールと、他方のポリビニルアルコールとの混合比が重量比で8:2~4:6であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物。
- 混合ポリビニルアルコールをブチルアルデヒド及び/又はアセトアルデヒドでアセタール化してなるものであることを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物。
- 更に、有機溶剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項1、2、3又は4記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物を用いてなることを特徴とするセラミックスラリー。
- 請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物を用いてなることを特徴とするセラミックペースト。
- 請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物を用いてなることを特徴とするセラミックグリーンシート。
- 請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物を用いてなることを特徴とする導電ペースト。
- 請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載のポリビニルアセタール樹脂組成物を用いてなることを特徴とする自動車用合わせガラス中間膜。
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US12049428B2 (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2024-07-30 | Goo Chemical Co., Ltd. | Baking slurry composition, green sheet, method for manufacturing green sheet, method for manufacturing sintered product, and method for manufacturing monolithic ceramic capacitor |
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JPWO2010055731A1 (ja) | 2012-04-12 |
JP4603623B2 (ja) | 2010-12-22 |
US20110049434A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
CN101970571B (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
EP2360207A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
EP2360207A4 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
KR101626993B1 (ko) | 2016-06-03 |
CN101970571A (zh) | 2011-02-09 |
KR20110087209A (ko) | 2011-08-02 |
EP2360207B1 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
US8431047B2 (en) | 2013-04-30 |
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