WO2009104614A1 - 半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法及び研削装置 - Google Patents
半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法及び研削装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009104614A1 WO2009104614A1 PCT/JP2009/052717 JP2009052717W WO2009104614A1 WO 2009104614 A1 WO2009104614 A1 WO 2009104614A1 JP 2009052717 W JP2009052717 W JP 2009052717W WO 2009104614 A1 WO2009104614 A1 WO 2009104614A1
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- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- semiconductor wafer
- outer peripheral
- tape
- peripheral edge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
- B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
- B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
- B24B9/065—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of thin, brittle parts, e.g. semiconductors, wafers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
- B24B21/002—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding edges or bevels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
- H01L21/02005—Preparing bulk and homogeneous wafers
- H01L21/02008—Multistep processes
- H01L21/0201—Specific process step
- H01L21/02021—Edge treatment, chamfering
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for grinding a semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge, and in particular, it is performed before a back grinding process for grinding a back surface of a semiconductor wafer having a semiconductor element or electronic component formed on its surface to reduce its thickness.
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for grinding the outer peripheral edge of a semiconductor wafer.
- Semiconductor wafers go through various processes such as various film forming processes, surface processing processes, and cleaning processes in the manufacturing process for forming semiconductor elements, electronic components, and the like. At that time, in order to prevent cracks and chips from occurring, the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer is chamfered.
- FIG. 6 showing a back grinding process of a semiconductor wafer in a conventional semiconductor processing process
- chamfering processing of an outer peripheral end portion of the semiconductor wafer will be described.
- FIG. 6A which is a plan view of the semiconductor wafer
- FIG. 6B which is an enlarged view of the BB cross section of FIG. 6A
- the outer peripheral end 13 of the semiconductor wafer 11 is arcuate ( R shape). This is because chamfering is performed to make the outer peripheral end portion 13 into an arc shape.
- an abrasive tape was used for finishing after arc-shaped chamfering with a grindstone.
- the abrasive tape used is a normal coating type abrasive tape.
- a semiconductor wafer having a semiconductor element or electronic component formed on the surface is divided into individual chips in a dicing process after electrical inspection.
- the thickness of the chip be extremely thin, such as 100 ⁇ m or less, or 50 ⁇ m or less. Therefore, before a semiconductor wafer having semiconductor elements or electronic components formed on the surface is divided into individual chips in a dicing process, a back grinding process is performed in which the back surface 14 of the semiconductor wafer is ground to reduce the thickness of the semiconductor wafer. Came to be.
- the semiconductor wafer 11 is placed on a semiconductor wafer holder (not shown) with the surface 15 side of the semiconductor wafer on which semiconductor elements, electronic components, and the like are formed facing down. And the back surface 14 of the semiconductor wafer is ground. At that time, in order to prevent contamination and damage of the semiconductor elements and electronic components formed on the surface 15, the protective sheet 12 is attached to the surface 15 side of the semiconductor wafer 11 and then fixed to the semiconductor wafer holder. Yes.
- a semiconductor wafer having a very thin final thickness must be ground at least half of the original thickness.
- a semiconductor wafer having a thickness of 1 mm to 0.7 mm is ground to a thickness of 100 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m).
- FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor wafer after the back grinding process
- the end portion on the back surface 14 side of the semiconductor wafer 11 gradually starts from the R shape. It will change to the acute angle shape 13 '.
- Such sharpening as a knife edge becomes more prominent as the semiconductor wafer becomes thinner.
- the thickness of the semiconductor wafer is reduced, the bending strength of the semiconductor wafer itself is also reduced. For this reason, if a load due to back grinding or an impact in the subsequent process is applied even slightly to the position of the acute angle shape 13 'at the end, end chipping easily occurs, and the chipping or chipping becomes the starting point. There has been a problem that the semiconductor wafer is easily broken.
- the R-shaped part of the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer to which the protective sheet is attached prior to the back grinding process is removed so that the edge does not become a knife edge by grinding with a grindstone. The way to be done.
- the protective sheet when the protective sheet is cut in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the semiconductor wafer, when the outer peripheral end portion of the semiconductor wafer is ground to remove the chamfered portion, the protective sheet is also ground. . If the protective sheet, which is a resin material, adheres to the abrasive grains of the grinding wheel and clogs the grinding wheel, it degrades the processing performance, lowers the processing efficiency and processing quality, and also causes damage to the semiconductor wafer. Come.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-104228 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-205001 JP 2002-025952 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-007518 JP 2003-273053 A JP 2005-093882 A JP 2007-042811 A
- the grinding method proposed in the above-mentioned patent document requires complicated steps such as the adhesion accuracy of the protective sheet and the detection and adjustment of the end portion, and the processing efficiency is lowered.
- grinding with a grindstone requires frequent dressing of the grindstone because processing quality deteriorates due to clogging of the grindstone even if the processing of the protective sheet is not included.
- the mechanical accuracy, rigidity and structure of the grinding apparatus are complicated, the maintainability is poor, and incidental facilities are required.
- the present invention prevents the peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer from becoming a knife edge in the back grinding process, which is the problem described above, and is free from clogging problems that occur when grinding together with the protective sheet regardless of the position of the protective sheet.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for grinding an outer peripheral edge of a semiconductor wafer capable of continuously forming a grinding surface substantially vertically at the outer peripheral edge.
- the present invention proposes a method for grinding an outer peripheral end of a semiconductor wafer having a surface on which a semiconductor element is formed adhered by a protective sheet, Semiconductor wafer holding process for holding the surface in a horizontal direction, and peripheral edge grinding for grinding by pressing the grinding tape of a grinding head equipped with a traveling grinding tape and pressing it against the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer
- the grinding tape is a method for grinding an outer peripheral edge of a semiconductor wafer, characterized in that the grinding tape has abrasive grains attached thereto by electrostatic spraying.
- the grinding tape that is running is always supplied with a new grinding tape, there is no problem of clogging of the grinding tape even if it is processed together with the protective sheet, and the grinding can be efficiently and stably performed.
- electrostatic spraying is to disperse the abrasive grains, which are granular members, in a charged state. Since the abrasive grains of the granular member dispersed by the electrostatic sprayer are dispersed while repelling each other electrostatically, a lump due to a plurality of granular members is not generated, and the dispersion uniformity is improved. Will improve.
- the grinding tape is pressed against the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer and can run in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction.
- the surface of the grinding tape incorporated in the polishing head is inclined against the semiconductor wafer at an angle of 10 degrees or less from the vertical direction and ground.
- the inclination within 10 degrees from the vertical direction includes both the case where the upper part of the polishing head is inclined forward and the case where it is inclined backward. This is an effective means for grinding the upper and lower portions of the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer. As a result, the tip of the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer can be effectively ground.
- the grinding tape surface built in the grinding head is tilted forward with an angle of 10 degrees or less from the vertical direction with respect to the upper surface side of the semiconductor wafer and the end is ground, Since the end portion becomes an obtuse angle and an obtuse angle, chipping of the end portion is difficult to occur.
- the inclination angle is 10 degrees or more, the end becomes a sharp knife-edge shape, and chipping or cracks are likely to occur during grinding or in the subsequent process. Therefore, the inclination is preferably 10 degrees or less. In any case of the forward tilt and the backward tilt of the grinding head, the tilt angle is preferably within 10 degrees from the vertical direction.
- the abrasive grain size of the grinding tape used is preferably in the range of # 600 to # 3000. Below # 600, an increase in chipping is observed. Moreover, when it is more than # 3000, the grinding speed is lowered and the processing efficiency is poor.
- the pad attached to the tip of the outer peripheral end portion pressing guide is preferably made of an elastic body having a Shore-A hardness of 20 to 50 °.
- the mechanical vibration can be absorbed, so that chipping hardly occurs. Further, the grinding shape of the end face of the semiconductor wafer is not impaired, the shape is stable, and the occurrence of chipping is small.
- At least the tip pressing surface of the pad is formed of a lubricating material having lubricity.
- the back surface of the traveling grinding tape is pressed with a pad, it is preferable to use a pad material having lubricity for the purpose of smooth running of the grinding tape.
- the present invention further proposes an apparatus for grinding an outer peripheral end portion of a semiconductor wafer having a surface on which a semiconductor element is formed adhered by a protective sheet, the surface of the semiconductor wafer being horizontally oriented.
- the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer polished in an arc shape and R shape can be ground substantially vertically, so that the outer peripheral end portion does not become a knife edge shape, It is possible to prevent breakage, cracking, and chipping even if the semiconductor wafer is then ground back.
- the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer while running the grinding tape, unlike the conventional grinding wheel grinding (fixed dimension cutting), there is no influence of the semiconductor wafer rotation axis (centering accuracy) and the rotation of the semiconductor wafer. Since it is easy to follow the touch and deformation of the semiconductor wafer itself, chipping and chipping of the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer can be prevented. Furthermore, the structure of the apparatus is simplified because it is not easily affected by the mechanical accuracy, rigidity, and structure required for the apparatus.
- the grinding tape is used with the abrasive grains attached by electrostatic spraying, there is less unnecessary resin layer on the abrasive grain surface and the abrasive cutting edge is sharper than the normal application type tape. Processing is possible. Further, since the sharpness is good, there is an advantage that the chipping of the end face of the semiconductor wafer is small.
- the grinding head is rotatably provided so that the grinding tape is in contact with the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer and travels in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction. If the grinding tape runs vertically or horizontally, the outer edge of the semiconductor wafer can be ground almost vertically, and new tape is always supplied to the grinding surface, so there is no clogging problem and efficient grinding is possible. Done.
- the grinding head includes a pressing guide that presses a grinding tape against the outer peripheral end portion, and a pressurizing mechanism that pressurizes the pressing guide.
- the grinding head is further provided with a pressing position adjusting mechanism for rotating the pressing guide toward the radial direction of the semiconductor wafer, and the pressing position adjusting mechanism is mounted with the pressing guide and rotated.
- a rotating arm that moves, a shaft connected to the rotating arm, and a drive device connected to the shaft to transmit the torque of the rotation, and controlling the torque by the drive device, It is preferable that the position of the grinding tape pressed by the pressing guide to be pressed against the outer edge of the semiconductor wafer is adjusted.
- the rotation position of the rotation arm with the pressing guide inserted By adjusting the rotation position of the rotation arm with the pressing guide inserted, the rotation position of the grinding tape pressed by the pressing guide is also adjusted. Since the contact position, contact angle and pressing pressure can be adjusted, the grinding accuracy can be improved.
- new grinding tape is always supplied for processing by running the grinding tape, so even if grinding with a protective sheet, the grinding tape is not clogged and accurate grinding can be maintained.
- the abrasive tape is attached by electrostatic spraying, the abrasive tape has fewer unnecessary resin layers on the surface of the abrasive grain compared to normal coating tape, and the abrasive cutting edge is sharp, enabling high-speed processing. is there. Moreover, since the dressing process of the grindstone can be omitted, the processing process can be efficiently performed in a short time and stable processing can be performed.
- the construction of the equipment is simple, and there is no abnormal chipping over the entire circumference of the processed semiconductor wafer, enabling smooth grinding. There is an effect.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a conceptual diagram showing the positional relationship between a semiconductor wafer and a grinding head in a first embodiment of a semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge grinding apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual front view showing the positional relationship between the semiconductor wafer and the grinding head in the second embodiment of the semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge grinding apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A to FIG. 3D are explanatory views showing respective procedures of the semiconductor wafer outer peripheral end portion grinding method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a front view of the semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge grinding apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the pressure adjusting unit of the pressing guide 46 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C are explanatory views showing a back grinding process of a semiconductor wafer.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the pressing position adjusting mechanism.
- FIG. 8A and 8B are schematic side views of the position adjusting mechanism, in which FIG. 8A is a state before the grinding tape is pressed against the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer by the position adjusting mechanism, and FIG. 8B is the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer by the position adjusting mechanism. It is the figure which showed the state which pressed the grinding tape to.
- the grinding method of the semiconductor outer peripheral edge of the present invention is a processing method performed as a pre-process of back grinding of a semiconductor wafer (referred to as a “back grinding process”).
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a conceptual diagram showing the positional relationship between a semiconductor wafer and a grinding head in a first embodiment of a semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge grinding apparatus of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge grinding apparatus of the present invention.
- the top view of the conceptual diagram which shows the positional relationship of the semiconductor wafer and grinding head in 2nd Embodiment of this
- FIG. 3 (a)-(d) is the semiconductor wafer outer periphery edge part grinding method which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 4 is a front view of a semiconductor wafer outer peripheral end grinding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a pressure adjusting unit of the pressing guide 46 shown in FIG. .
- the semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge grinding apparatus mainly has a semiconductor wafer mounting rotation mechanism 21 that is horizontally mounted with the back surface (back grind surface) of the semiconductor wafer 11 as the upper surface. And a grinding head 40 for grinding the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer.
- the disk-shaped semiconductor wafer 11 is placed horizontally on the semiconductor wafer holder 23.
- the semiconductor wafer holder 23 is supported by a rotating shaft 27 pivotally mounted on a stage 24, and can be rotated by a motor (not shown).
- the grinding head 40 is arranged so that the grinding tape 20 travels in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the semiconductor wafer 11 placed horizontally, that is, in the vertical direction, and the grinding tape 20 is substantially disposed on the end surface of the semiconductor wafer 11. Pressed vertically.
- the grinding tape 20 incorporated in the grinding head 40 is wound around a delivery reel 42.
- the grinding tape 20 passes through the auxiliary roller 45a, the lower roller 44a, and the upper roller 44b, passes through the auxiliary roller 45b, and is wound around the take-up reel 43.
- the grinding tape 20 runs in the vertical direction and is disposed at the tip of the pressing guide 46 with respect to the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer 11 placed horizontally. Grinding is performed by pressing the grinding tape 20 against the outer peripheral end so that the grinding tape 20 is orthogonal to the pad 47.
- the pressing guide 46 presses the grinding tape 20 against the outer peripheral end portion of the semiconductor wafer 11 by adjusting the pressure in the direction of the arrow 51 with an air cylinder or the like, for example.
- a nozzle 52 for spraying the grinding fluid is provided so that the grinding fluid can be sprayed to a position where the grinding tape 20 is pressed against the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer 11. Process while spraying.
- the protective sheet 12 (not shown) attached to the semiconductor wafer 11 is pressed against the wafer side. Since it can be ground in the direction, it has the effect of preventing the protective sheet from peeling off.
- FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment of a grinding apparatus for the outer peripheral edge of a semiconductor wafer according to the present invention.
- description of a common part with 1st Embodiment is abbreviate
- symbol of a grinding device uses the same code
- the grinding head 40 of the present embodiment is arranged so that the grinding tape 20 traveling between the lower roller 44a and the upper roller 44b travels in the circumferential direction of the semiconductor wafer 11 placed in the horizontal direction. . That is, the grinding tape 20 traveling between the lower roller 44a and the upper roller 44b travels in the horizontal direction.
- the rotation direction of the semiconductor wafer 11 and the traveling direction of the grinding tape 20 are opposite to each other at the position where the grinding tape 20 is pressed against the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer 11.
- the second embodiment can reduce the required width of the grinding tape 20 as compared with the first embodiment, and can also affect the mechanical influence such as the amplitude in the vertical direction of wafer rotation during grinding. There is an advantage that it is difficult to receive.
- the difference is whether the traveling direction of the grinding tape 20 traveling between the lower roller 44a and the upper roller 44b is a vertical direction or a horizontal direction. Therefore, the grinding head 40 can be rotated so that the grinding tape 20 running between the lower roller 44a and the upper roller 44b can run in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction. be able to.
- the semiconductor wafer outer peripheral end grinding method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- a protective sheet is attached to the surface of the semiconductor wafer on which semiconductor elements, electronic components, etc. are formed, It mounts on the semiconductor wafer holding stand 23 of the grinding apparatus of the outer periphery edge part of the semiconductor wafer shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the procedure of an embodiment of the method for grinding the outer peripheral edge of a semiconductor wafer according to the present invention (from the step of attaching a protective sheet to the wafer surface to the back grinding step).
- the semiconductor device 11 or the electronic component of the semiconductor wafer 11 is previously formed on the surface 15 side of the semiconductor wafer 11.
- a step of attaching the protective sheet 12 is performed.
- the protective sheet 12 may be prepared by cutting the protective sheet 12 into dimensions that match the area to be protected with respect to the outer shape of the semiconductor wafer 11 in advance, and may be attached to the semiconductor wafer surface 15 side. You may cut
- the semiconductor wafer 11 with the protective sheet 12 attached to the surface 15 is placed with the protective sheet attached side down, and the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. It is placed and fixed on the semiconductor wafer holder 23 of the partial grinding apparatus.
- the semiconductor wafer 11 is rotated and the grinding tape 20 incorporated in the grinding head 40 is moved to the outer peripheral end side of the semiconductor wafer 11 and pushed to the outer peripheral end portion of the semiconductor wafer 11 while the grinding tape 20 is running. Hit and grind.
- the grinding tape 20 is pressed by being pressed from the back surface by the pressing guide 46.
- the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer 11 is ground by the set processing amount, and the process ends at the final cutting position.
- FIG. 3C shows a cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer at the end of grinding.
- the semiconductor wafer 11 whose outer peripheral end has been ground is then ground on the back surface by a cup-type grindstone or the like that rotates at a high speed in the back grinding process, and is processed to a final thickness as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3D, since the knife edge is not formed at the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer after the back grinding process, the semiconductor wafer is not easily cracked or chipped.
- ⁇ Grinding tape> As the grinding tape 20 of the present invention, a tape having high grindability rather than polishing is used.
- a plastic film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, polyolefin, EVA resin, polyvinyl carbonate (PVC), or polyethylene is used.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PVC polyvinyl carbonate
- the grinding tape 20 suitable for the present invention a grinding tape 20 manufactured by spraying abrasive grains on the surface of the binder resin applied to the surface of the film substrate is used.
- binder resin examples include polyester resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, and silicone resin.
- ⁇ Abrasive grains that are attached using a charge spraying method are used. That is, as compared with a conventional coating type polishing tape, the orientation of the abrasive grains can be given an orientation, and the cutting edges of the abrasive grains can be aligned on the surface of the grinding tape, so that the grinding efficiency is improved. In addition, since the surface of the abrasive grains covered with a thin binder resin can be formed, there is no problem of abrasive grains falling, and the grinding efficiency is improved.
- abrasive particles are ionized (charged) in an electric field charging method, a corona discharge method, or a friction charging method, and then dispersed on the binder resin surface. Thereafter, the binder resin is cured. The binder resin is cured by heating or UV curing.
- the abrasive grain size used is preferably in the range of # 600 to # 3000 (average grain size of 30 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m). If it is # 600 or less, the occurrence of chipping becomes a problem. If it is # 3000 or more, the processing efficiency is reduced.
- Such a grinding tape has a modest grain orientation on the surface of the film substrate and a grinding tape with excellent grinding power compared to a conventional tape coated with a mixture of abrasive grains and a binder. It is done.
- the grinding tape 20 patterned so that the surface may become a pointed shape by roll transfer can be used, for example.
- the pad 47 used at the tip of the pressing guide 46 for pressing the grinding tape 20 is made of an elastic material having a Shore-A hardness in the range of 20 to 50 °.
- a resin or a rubber material is suitable.
- a material having a small frictional resistance with respect to running of the grinding tape is preferable.
- Shore-A hardness is a standard for measuring the hardness of general rubber.
- a durometer spring type rubber that measures the amount of deformation (indentation depth) by pressing the indenter into the surface of the object to be measured and deforms it.
- JIS K6253, Type A Source: “Rubber Physics Test Method, New JIS Guide” August 31, 1996 (published by Japan Rubber Association, etc., published by Taiseisha Co., Ltd.) 30.
- As a measuring device INSTRON Corporation, Shore Durometer Type-A, ASTM D2240 can be used.
- the feeding of the grinding tape 20 becomes smooth.
- FIG. 4 shows the details of the semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge grinding apparatus used in the examples of the present invention.
- the semiconductor wafer outer peripheral edge polishing apparatus is mounted in a horizontal state mainly with the back surface (grinding surface) of the semiconductor wafer 11 provided on the stage 24 as the upper surface.
- the semiconductor wafer holding table 23 has a porous dish shape for mounting and holding the disk-shaped semiconductor wafer 11 in the horizontal direction.
- the semiconductor wafer 11 placed on the semiconductor wafer holding table 23 is held on the semiconductor wafer holding table 23 by suction using a suction tube 28 connected to the semiconductor wafer holding table 23.
- the suction pipe 28 communicates with a suction pump (not shown) disposed outside.
- the position adjustment of the semiconductor wafer on the holding table 23 is such that the outer periphery of the semiconductor wafer 11 can be detected by an outer diameter sensor (laser type soot transmission amount detecting sensor) and the soot rotation center can be adjusted.
- an outer diameter sensor laser type soot transmission amount detecting sensor
- the grinding head 40 is arranged substantially perpendicular to the surface of the semiconductor wafer 11, and the grinding tape is inclined with respect to the upper surface side of the semiconductor wafer 11 so that the upper part of the grinding head 40 is tilted forward within 10 degrees from the vertical direction. It can be pressed. That is, when the upper part of the grinding head 40 is inclined toward the semiconductor wafer 11 side, the inclination is preferably within 10 °. This is because when the outer peripheral end is ground with the inclination within 10 degrees, the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer becomes an obtuse angle and an obtuse angle when the backside grinding is performed thereafter, so that the chipping of the end becomes difficult to occur. The same applies when the upper part of the grinding head 40 is inclined backward.
- the surface of the semiconductor wafer 11 (the surface on which the semiconductor device was formed) covered with a protective sheet 12 was used.
- the semiconductor wafer mounting rotation mechanism unit 21 is provided with a semiconductor wafer holder 23 that can rotate and a motor 32 for rotating the semiconductor wafer holder 23.
- the semiconductor wafer holder 23 includes a vacuum chuck 22 for sucking and holding the semiconductor wafer 11. After the semiconductor wafer 11 to be ground is placed on the semiconductor wafer holder 23, the semiconductor wafer 11 is sucked and held by suction through the suction pipe 28.
- the semiconductor wafer holder 23 is freely rotatable by a bearing holder 25 fixed to the stage 24 through a rotating shaft 27. Further, in order to suck the semiconductor wafer 11, the semiconductor wafer mounting rotation mechanism portion 21 passes the suction pipe 28 through the rotation shaft 27 and further communicates with an external suction pump through a rotary joint.
- the rotation of the semiconductor wafer 11 is performed by connecting a belt pulley 26 a fixed to the rotation shaft 27 of the semiconductor wafer holder 23 and a belt pulley 26 b fixed to the motor shaft 33 of the motor 32 by a belt 34.
- the motor 32 is fixed to the stage 24 by a motor holding shaft 31.
- the grinding head 40 is a box made of a plate 41.
- the grinding tape 20 is built in the plate 41.
- the grinding head 40 has a structure in which the grinding tape 20 wound around the delivery reel 42 passes through the auxiliary roller 45a, the lower roller 44a, and the upper roller 44b, passes through the auxiliary roller 45b, and is wound around the take-up reel 43. ing.
- the grinding tape 20 is pressed against the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer 11 by the pressing guide 46 between the lower roller 44a and the upper roller 44 in the middle of the path of the grinding tape 20, and grinding is performed.
- the lower roller 44a and the upper roller 44b are configured to smoothly feed the grinding tape 20 toward the upper surface side of the semiconductor wafer 11 so as to have an inclination angle within 10 degrees from the vertical direction.
- the inclination of the grinding head 40 includes both a case where the upper portion of the grinding head 40 is inclined forward and a case where it is inclined backward, and the grinding head 40 is appropriately selected according to the most distal position of the outer peripheral end portion of the semiconductor wafer 11 for grinding.
- both inclinations are set to an inclination of 10 degrees or less for the reason described above.
- a tape tension adjusting roller and an auxiliary roller can be added as appropriate.
- the pressing of the grinding tape 20 is performed by a pad 47 at the tip of the pressing guide 46 and connected to the pressure adjusting cylinder 48 through the pressing guide 46 so that the pressing pressure is adjusted.
- the adjustment of the pressing pressure of the pressing guide 46 is performed by, for example, the apparatus configuration shown in FIG.
- the air sent to the air insertion pipe 62 is adjusted to a predetermined pressure by the regulator 61, and the pressing guide 46 is moved by the pressure adjusting cylinder 48 (air cylinder).
- a pad 47 for pressing the back surface of the grinding tape 20 is attached to the tip of the pressing guide 46, and grinding is performed by pressing against the wafer outer peripheral edge together with the grinding tape 20.
- the material used for the pad 47 is preferably an elastic body having a Shore-A hardness of 20 to 50 °.
- a material having a low frictional resistance for example, a fluororesin ⁇ polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), etc. ⁇ is preferable with respect to the back surface of the traveling grinding tape.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer
- the polishing apparatus for the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer having such a configuration rotates the semiconductor wafer 11 arranged on the semiconductor wafer holding table 23 at a predetermined speed, and the grinding tape 20 arranged on the polishing head 40 to the semiconductor wafer 11
- the grinding surface is formed by inclining the top of the grinding head toward the semiconductor wafer 11 with respect to the upper surface side of the head 11 at an angle within 10 degrees from the vertical direction.
- the grinding tape 20 is processed while being fed at a predetermined speed.
- the pressing position adjusting mechanism shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 the pressing position of the grinding tape 20 with respect to the outer peripheral end portion of the semiconductor wafer 11 can be adjusted.
- the outline and operation of the pressing position adjusting mechanism will be described below with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the pressing position adjusting mechanism
- FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the position adjusting mechanism
- (a) is a state before pressing to the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer, and (b) is pressed. It is the figure which showed the state.
- the pressing position adjusting mechanism 69 has a swing function for rotating the pressing guide 46 and is provided inside the grinding head 40.
- the pressing position adjusting mechanism 69 penetrates the rotating arm 70 that sandwiches the pressing guide 46 with the pad 47 mounted at the tip between the two plate-like members 71a and 71b, and the plate-like members 71a and 71b.
- the plate-like members 71a and 71b of the rotating arm 70 further sandwich the lower roller 44a, the upper roller 44b and the auxiliary roller 45a so as to be rotatable.
- a shaft 72 penetrating the plate-like members 71 a and 71 b is a cylindrical rod-like member and is connected to a motor 74 via a gear head 73. When the shaft 72 is rotated by driving the motor 74, the rotation arm 70 is rotated around the shaft 72.
- the gear head 73 controls the torque by changing the rotation speed of the motor 74, and controls the rotation position of the rotation arm 70, that is, the swing position.
- the motor 74 for example, a stepping motor or a servo motor is used.
- the pressing guide 46 is placed at a predetermined position of the rotating arm 70 where the grinding tape 20 pressed by the pad 47 can press the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer 11 to be ground, and is held between the plate-like members 71a and 71b. .
- a pressure adjusting cylinder 48 for sliding the pressing guide 46 is provided on the back surface of the pressing guide 46.
- the pressing guide 46 and the grinding that is pressed by the pressing guide at a position facing the outer peripheral end portion of the semiconductor wafer 11 placed on the semiconductor wafer holding table (not shown). Tape 20 is placed.
- the motor 74 is driven, the torque is controlled by the gear head, and the shaft 72 is rotated.
- the rotation of the shaft 72 causes the rotation arm 70 to rotate about the shaft 72, and the grinding tape 20 pressed by the pressing guide 46 contacts the outer periphery of the semiconductor wafer 11 by a predetermined angle contact. It will be pressed against the edge and will be ground.
- the grinding position of the outer peripheral end of the semiconductor wafer 11 can be adjusted by the pressing position adjusting mechanism 69, so that the grinding accuracy can be improved by adjusting the angle of the pressing position of the grinding tape 20 and adjusting the pressing pressure. Can be improved.
- Example 1 A protective sheet of approximately 8 inches (for example, Lintec's adhesive tape thermosetting type thermosetting type P7180) is applied to the surface of the 8-inch semiconductor wafer on which the semiconductor device is formed, and ground with the protective sheet side down. After adjusting the position of the holding table of the apparatus, it was arranged by suction.
- a protective sheet of approximately 8 inches for example, Lintec's adhesive tape thermosetting type thermosetting type P7180
- the grinding tape 20 used was one in which an epoxy resin was applied as a binder resin to the surface of the PET film, and # 600 carborundum (SiC) abrasive was sprayed by an electrostatic spraying method and heated and cured to adhere. This was attached to the polishing head 40 for processing.
- a silicon sponge having a Shore-A hardness of 30 ° was used, and a pad with Teflon (registered trademark) attached to the surface as a lubricant was used.
- Example 2 As the grinding tape, # 1000 electrostatic coating tape was used. Other conditions were processed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 3 As the grinding tape, a # 2000 electrostatic coating tape was used. Other conditions were processed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 As the grinding tape, a tape obtained by mixing # 320 carborundum (silicon carbide) and binder resin (polyester) on the surface of the PET base film, and applying and drying with a reverse roll coater was used. Other conditions were processed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Comparative Example 2 As the grinding tape, a # 600 carborundum (silicon carbide) and a binder resin (polyester) were mixed on the surface of the PET base film, applied with a reverse roll coater, and dried. Other conditions were processed in the same manner as in Example 1. (Comparative Example 3) A grinding wheel was used instead of the grinding tape. As a grinding wheel, a diamond wheel having resin-bonded # 1200 diamond abrasive grains was used.
- a wafer edge grinding apparatus type W-GM-4200 manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd. was used.
- ⁇ Evaluation method> The processing speed was measured with a digital vernier caliper CD-45C manufactured by MITUTOYO Co., Ltd. for measuring the change in diameter of the wafer during the unit grinding time. Chipping observation and measurement were performed with KIR-2700 / MX-1060Z manufactured by HIROX.
- the processing speed was higher than that of the conventional diamond wheel grinding iron, the chipping depth was 7-5 ⁇ m, and tape clogging was not observed.
- the grinding method of the outer peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer has been described above, but it can also be applied to the outer peripheral edge grinding of a disk-shaped crystal material (for example, silicon carbide, sapphire, gallium nitride).
- a disk-shaped crystal material for example, silicon carbide, sapphire, gallium nitride
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Abstract
Description
また、砥石のドレッシング工程が省けるので加工工程が短時間に効率よく、安定な加工ができる。
本発明の研削テープ20としては、研磨というよりは研削性の高いテープが使用される。基材シートとして、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、EVA樹脂、ポリビニールカーボネート(PVC)、ポリエチレン等のプラスチックフィルムが使用される。この基材シートの表面に、カーボランダム、ダイヤモンド、酸化アルミニウム、シリカ、酸化セリュウム等の微粒子から選択される1種又は2種以上の砥粒を固定した砥粒層が形成された研削テープを使用することができる。
<押し当てパッド>
一方、研削テープ20を押し圧するための押し当てガイド46の先端部に使用されるパッド47は、材質としてshore-A硬度で20~50°の範囲にある弾性体が使用される。例えば、樹脂やゴム材が好適である。なお、研削テープの走行に対して摩擦抵抗の小さい材質が好ましい。
本発明の好適な加工条件を以下に示す。
半導体ウェーハ回転速度 :500~2000rpm
研削テープ送り速度 :50~200mm/min
パッドの加圧 :5~20N
研削液量 :200~1000ml/min
外周研削された半導体ウェーハ11は、この後図3に示すように、バックグライド工程に投入され、半導体ウェーハの裏面を高速回転するカップ型砥石によって研削され、最終の厚みまで加工される。
さらに、パッド47の先端面(研削テープ接触面)63に潤滑剤をコーティング又は塗布しておくことも可能である。このようにすれば、押し圧接触部の振動緩和およびテープ走行をスムーズできるため半導体ウェーハにチッピングや欠けの発生を防止することになる。
(実施例1)
半導体装置が形成された8インチの半導体ウェーハ表面に、ほぼ8インチの保護シート(例えば、リンテック社製 半導体表面保護用粘着テープ 熱硬化型 形式P7180)を貼り付け、保護シート側を下にして研削装置の保持テーブルに位置調整を行った後、吸着配置した。
ウェーハ回転速度:1000rpm
研削テープ送り速度:100mm/min
パッドの加圧力:10N
研削液量(純水):500ml/min
上記条件で半導体ウェーハ外周端部を保護シートと共に研削した。
研削テープとして、#1000の静電塗布テープを使用した。その他の条件は、実施例1と同様にして加工を行った。
研削テープとして、#2000の静電塗布テープを使用した。その他の条件は、実施例1と同様にして加工を行った。
研削テープとして、PET基材フィルムの表面に#320のカーボランダム(炭化珪素)とバインダー樹脂(ポリエステル)とを混合し、リバースロールコータで塗布、乾燥したテープを使用した。その他の条件は、実施例1と同様にして加工を行った。
(比較例2)
研削テープとして、PET基材フィルムの表面に#600のカーボランダム(炭化珪素)とバインダー樹脂(ポリエステル)とを混合し、リバースロールコータで塗布、乾燥したテープを使用した。その他の条件は、実施例1と同様にして加工をおこなった。
(比較例3)
研削テープの変わりに、研削砥石を使用した。研削砥石として、#1200のダイヤモンド砥粒を 樹脂結合した ダイヤモンドホイール を用いた。
ウェーハ回転速度 : 200rpm
砥石回転数 : 5000rpm
切り込み深さ : 50μm/min(φ100μm/min)
研削液量 : 3L/min
加工速度は、単位研削時間におけるウェーハの直径の変化を
直径寸法測定をMITUTOYO社製 デジタルノギス CD-45Cで測定した。
チッピング観察及び計測を HIROX社製 KP-2700/MX-1060Zで実施した。
以下に上記加工方法による評価結果を表1に示す。
加工した半導体ウェーハについて、加工速度、チッピング深さ、目詰まり状況について評価した結果、以下の結果をえた。
3~5μm、3μm以下であり、テープの目詰まりも観察されなかった。
12 保護フィルム
13 半導体ウェーハ外周端部
14 半導体ウェーハ裏面
15 半導体ウェーハ表面
20 研削テープ
21 半導体ウェーハ装着回転機構
22 真空チャック
23 ウェーハ保持台
24 ステージ
25 ベアリングホルダ
26a、26b ベルトプーリ
27 回転軸
28 吸引管
31 モータ保持シャフト
32 モータ
33 モータシャフト
34 ベルト
35 半導体ウェーハ外形センサー
40 研削ヘッド
41 プレート
42 送り出しリール
43 巻き取りリール
44a 下側ローラ
44b 上側Vローラ
45a、45b 補助ローラ
46 押し当てガイド
47 パッド
48 圧力調整シリンダ
49 送り出しリールシャフト
50 巻き取りリールシャフト
52 ノズル
61 レギュレータ
62 エアー挿入管
63 パッド先端面
69 押し当て位置調整機構
70 回動アーム
Claims (16)
- 半導体素子が形成された表面を保護シートにより貼着された半導体ウェーハの外周端部を研削する方法であって、
前記半導体ウェーハの前記表面を水平方向に保持する半導体ウェーハ保持工程と、
走行可能な研削テープが内装された研削ヘッドの前記研削テープを走行させて、前記半導体ウェーハの外周端部に押し当てて研削する外周端部研削工程とを備えてなり、
前記研削テープは、砥粒を静電散布により付着されたものであることを特徴とする半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法。 - 前記保持工程では、保護シートが貼着された表面側を下にして前記半導体ウェーハを保持し、前記外周端部研削工程では前記保護シートと共に前記半導体ウェーハの外周端部を研削することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法。
- 前記研削テープは、前記半導体ウェーハの外周端部に押し当てられて、垂直方向または水平方向に走行することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法。
- 前記研削ヘッドに内装された研削テープの面を半導体ウェーハに対し、鉛直方向から10度以内の角度に傾斜させて押し当て、研削することを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか一項に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法。
- 前記砥粒の径が、#600(30μm)~#3000(5μm)の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法。
- 前記研削ヘッドには、先端にパッドを装着した押し当てガイドが内装され、該押し当てガイドのスライド移動により前記パッドを介して前記研削テープを半導体ウェーハの外周端部に押し当てて研削することを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法。
- 前記パッドは、shore-A硬度が20~50°の弾性体からなることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法。
- 前記パッドの少なくとも先端押し当て面が、潤滑性材料で形成されてなることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削方法。
- 半導体素子が形成された表面を保護シートにより貼着された半導体ウェーハの外周端部を研削する装置であって、
前記半導体ウェーハの前記表面を水平方向に保持する半導体ウェーハ保持手段と、
該半導体ウェーハ保持手段により保持された半導体ウェーハの外周端部を研削するための走行可能な研削テープを内装した研削ヘッドとを備え、
前記研削テープは、砥粒を静電散布により付着されたものであることを特徴とする半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削装置。 - 前記研削テープが前記半導体ウェーハの外周端部に押し当てられて、垂直方向または水平方向に走行可能となるように、前記研削ヘッドが回動可能に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削装置。
- 前記研削テープが、前記半導体ウェーハに対し、鉛直方向から10度以内の角度に傾斜させて押し当て走行可能となるように、前記研削ヘッドが回動可能に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項9または10に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削装置。
- 前記砥粒の径が、#600(30μm)~#3000(5μm)の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項9ないし11のいずれか一項に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削装置。
- 前記研削ヘッドには、先端にパッドを装着した押し当てガイドが内装され、該押し当てガイドのスライド移動により前記パッドを介して前記研削テープを半導体ウェーハの外周端部に押し当てて研削することを特徴とする請求項9ないし12のいずれか一項に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削装置。
- 前記パッドは、shore-A硬度が20~50°の弾性体からなることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削装置。
- 前記パッドの少なくとも先端押し当て面が、潤滑性材料で形成されてなることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削装置。
- 前記研削ヘッドは、前記半導体ウェーハの径方向に向けて前記押し当てガイドを回動させる押し当て位置調整機構を更に設けてなり、
該押し当て位置調整機構は、前記押し当てガイドを装着して回動する回動アームと、該回動アームに連結されたシャフトと、該シャフトに連結して前記回動のトルクを伝達する駆動装置とを有し、
該駆動装置によるトルクを制御して、前記押し当てガイドにより押し当てられた前記研削テープの前記半導体ウェーハ外周端部に押し当てる位置を回動調整することを特徴とする請求項13又は14に記載の半導体ウェーハ外周端部の研削装置。
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- 2009-02-17 WO PCT/JP2009/052717 patent/WO2009104614A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-02-17 JP JP2009526832A patent/JP4463326B2/ja active Active
- 2009-02-17 US US12/532,385 patent/US20100112909A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-17 KR KR1020107016475A patent/KR101578956B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-20 TW TW098105453A patent/TW201001515A/zh unknown
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JP2002172563A (ja) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-06-18 | Three M Innovative Properties Co | 研磨テープ |
JP2004338064A (ja) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-12-02 | Sony Corp | 研磨ベルト、研磨装置及び研磨方法 |
JP2005305586A (ja) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-04 | Nihon Micro Coating Co Ltd | 研磨装置 |
WO2006041196A1 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Polishing apparatus and polishing method |
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JP2014239134A (ja) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-18 | 株式会社ディスコ | ウェーハの加工方法 |
JP2015013346A (ja) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-22 | リンテック株式会社 | シート研削装置および研削方法 |
KR101542872B1 (ko) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-08-07 | 조원구 | 피니싱 장치 |
JP2018049973A (ja) * | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-29 | 株式会社岡本工作機械製作所 | 半導体装置の製造方法及び半導体製造装置 |
JP2019204940A (ja) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-28 | 力成科技股▲分▼有限公司 | フルエッジトリミングを用いたウェハ処理方法 |
CN109623554A (zh) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-16 | 天津中环领先材料技术有限公司 | 一种降低硅片边缘粗糙度的边抛工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101578956B1 (ko) | 2015-12-18 |
KR20100123682A (ko) | 2010-11-24 |
US20100112909A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
TW201001515A (en) | 2010-01-01 |
JPWO2009104614A1 (ja) | 2011-06-23 |
JP4463326B2 (ja) | 2010-05-19 |
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