Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
  • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
  • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
  • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
  • F23G2201/80—Shredding
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
  • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
  • F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
  • F23G2205/16—Waste feed arrangements using chute
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
  • F23G2205/18—Waste feed arrangements using airlock systems
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2207/00—Control
  • F23G2207/20—Waste supply
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
  • F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
  • F23G2900/55006—Measuring material flow rates

Definitions

• Waste supply device sealing method thereof, and waste supply method
• the present invention relates to a waste supply apparatus that continuously supplies waste such as sewage sludge and municipal waste to a gasifier, and a sealing method and a waste supply method thereof. More specifically, the quantitative supply performance of waste Gas generator waste supply device and waste supply method, and when a double damper with a sealing function to block the flow of external air into the gasifier is closed, sparks are generated.
• a waste supply device and its sealing method that can prevent adhesion of magnetic waste and fine waste, and a sealing function that prevents the flow of external air into the gasifier
• the present invention relates to a waste supply method that makes it possible to easily remove the waste contained in the upper and lower dampers. Background art
• This gasification and melting furnace gasifies waste such as sewage sludge and municipal waste in a gasification furnace (500 to 600 ° C), and decomposes the waste into combustible gas, fixed carbon and ash. To do.
• a gasification furnace 500 to 600 ° C
• the temperature in the melting furnace is raised to 130 ° C. or higher to melt the ash, and the molten slag is cooled with water, for example, by water cooling. It is what.
• the waste supply device that supplies waste to the gasifier has a quantitative supply of waste. And sealing properties are required.
• Combustion is stabilized by minimizing fluctuations in the amount of waste supplied. This stabilizes the melting furnace temperature, which stabilizes the ash meltability.
• waste gas supply device for a gasification furnace for example, one having a configuration in which a double damper is provided in a chute is known.
• waste gas supply device (combustible material supply device) of the gasifier according to the conventional example
• FIG. 7 shows the schematic configuration of a fluidized bed gasifier according to the conventional example and a combustible material supply device (hereinafter referred to as waste material supply device) that supplies combustible material (hereinafter referred to as waste material) to the fluidized bed gasification furnace.
• FIG. Reference numeral 50 shown in FIG. 7 is a fluidized bed gasification furnace (hereinafter referred to as a gasification furnace), and a screw compressor 6 driven by a motor 6 8 at a waste inlet 53 of the gasification furnace 50. 4 is provided with a waste supply mechanism 62, and a shout 6 3 having double dampers 59, 5 9 connected to the waste supply mechanism 62 is provided. A competitor connected to is provided.
• the waste 54 put into the hopper 66 by the crane 61 or the like is carried up by the competitor 65 and is put into the upper opening of the shout 63 from the tip of the competitor 65.
• the waste 5 4 thrown into the shout 63 is intermittently thrown into the waste supply mechanism 62 by the operation of the double dampers 59 and 59 having a sealing function.
• the waste supply mechanism 6 2 uses the screw conveyor 6 4 to reduce the intermittentness of the waste that has been thrown in intermittently. A certain amount of gas is continuously (quantitatively) charged into the gasifier 50.
• Waste 5 4 charged into the gasification furnace 50 is gasified under the reducing atmosphere in the fluidized bed 51 flowing in the fluidized gas 52 flowing in from the bottom wind box.
• the generated product gas 57 exits through the fluidized bed 51 and passes through the free board 55 and is guided from the product gas outlet 56 to a melting furnace (not shown).
• the waste 5 4 intermittently supplied from the chute 6 3 is supplied continuously (quantitatively) in a substantially constant amount by the action of the screw compressor 6 4 of the waste supply mechanism 6 2.
• Control for performing stable gasification operation of the gasification furnace 50 such as supply control of the gas 52 and furnace temperature control becomes extremely easy.
• the sealing function of the double dampers 59 and 59 can also prevent external air leaking from the waste inlet 5 into the gasifier 50 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
• Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2 0 0 3-5 6 8 2 2 Disclosure of Invention
• the gasification furnace waste supply apparatus is provided with a double damper composed of an upper damper and a lower damper that are alternately opened and closed on the chute, and therefore has excellent sealing performance.
• this waste supply mechanism is equipped with a screw compressor, the quantitative supply of waste to the gasifier is considered to be excellent.
• it is not necessarily sufficient, and is insufficient.
• the screw compressor of the waste supply mechanism When the screw compressor of the waste supply mechanism is provided with a pair of transport screws having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane, the screw compressor is biased toward the waste volume in the width direction and the longitudinal direction of the screw compressor. Is produced. More specifically, the amount of waste supplied to the gasifier varies as the left volume of the waste increases and the volume of the right volume increases along the length of the screw compressor.
• the gasification furnace waste supply apparatus is excellent in terms of sealing properties, and is also considered to be excellent in the quantitative supply of waste to the gasification furnace.
• the damper is usually made of SUS material with excellent corrosion resistance, if the chute is made of metal, a spark is generated by the impact when it is closed, for example, the oil content in the waste May ignite.
• the damper when the damper is made of SS material, magnetic waste adheres to it, and other magnetic waste catches and accumulates, and the waste is smoothly gasified. It becomes impossible to supply to the chemical reactor.
• the damper if the damper is made of metal, it has a high coefficient of friction, which may cause wet fine waste to adhere and impair sealing performance.
• the gasification furnace waste supply apparatus is excellent in terms of sealing properties, and is also considered to be excellent in the quantitative supply of waste to the gasification furnace.
• the sealing performance cannot be ensured and the flow of external air into the gasification furnace cannot be prevented.
• the operation of the waste supply device is stopped, and for example, The manhole in the cart must be opened to remove the waste trapped in the danba. Therefore, not only will the operating rate of the waste supply equipment decrease, but it will be preferable because it requires a lot of labor to remove the waste. Therefore, in the case of the waste gas supply apparatus of the gasification furnace according to the above-described conventional example, the following operation is performed so as to avoid waste entrapment by the damper.
• a first object of the present invention is to provide a gasification furnace waste supply apparatus and a gasification furnace waste supply method that are more excellent in quantitative waste supply performance.
• the purpose of 2 is to prevent the occurrence of sparks when the double damper, which has a sealing function to prevent the inflow of outside air into the gasifier, is closed, and to prevent magnetic waste and fine details.
• the present invention is to provide a waste supply apparatus and a sealing method for the waste supply apparatus that can prevent the adhering of unnecessary waste, and a third object of the present invention is to prevent inflow of external air into the gasifier. Inserts into upper and lower dampers with sealing function to prevent It is to provide a waste supply method that makes it possible to easily remove rare waste. Means for solving the problem
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention is as follows.
• a vertical shout part having a sealing function for preventing the inflow of air into the gasification furnace and having upper and lower dampers that are alternately opened / closed at predetermined intervals upward and downward
• a waste supply device that includes a waste transport device that is connected to a lower end portion of a vertical shout portion and transports waste supplied through the lower damper in the direction of the gasification furnace.
• a lower left damper that is opened and closed via a support shaft that is parallel to a longitudinal center line passing through the center in the width direction of the waste transport device and provided on the opposite inner wall side of the vertical shout portion;
• the lower right damper Rannahli merging line of the distal end portion of the lower left Danba and the lower right Danba in the closed state and is characterized by comprising been configured so as to be positioned above the center line.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention is the waste supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower left damper and the lower right damper of the lower damper are in a closed state. Is characterized in that it is configured so that the position is lowered from the support shaft side toward the tip side.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste gas supply apparatus of the gasifier according to claim 3 of the present invention is the waste supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the waste
• the conveying device is a screw compressor including a pair of conveying screws having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane. It is characterized by that.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention is that, in the waste supply apparatus for a gasification furnace according to claim 3, the screw compressor It is characterized by a waste crusher that crushes the waste that has been transported by the plant.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 5 of the present invention is that the upper damper and the lower damper which have a sealing function to prevent the outside air from flowing into the gasification furnace and which are opened and closed alternately A vertical shout portion provided with a predetermined interval in the vertical direction with the damper, and a lower end portion of the vertical shout portion are connected to convey the waste supplied through the lower damper toward the gasification furnace.
• a waste supply method to a gasification furnace by a waste supply device comprising a waste transport device
• the lower damper is placed at the center in the width direction of the waste transport device.
• the disposal In order to convey with an object conveying apparatus, it is made to fall toward the said centerline.
• the summary of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 6 of the present invention is the waste supply method according to claim 5, wherein the waste transported by the waste transport device is It is characterized by being supplied to the gasifier while being crushed by a crusher.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply apparatus according to claim 7 of the present invention is to provide a sealing function for preventing the flow of external air into the gasification furnace.
• An upper damper and a lower damper which are alternately opened and closed, are provided with a vertical shout portion provided at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction, and the waste supplied through the vertical chute portion is disposed in the gasification furnace.
• the respective damper bodies of the upper and lower dampers are fixed to the damper substrate and the upper surface of these damper substrates by mechanical fastening means.
• the upper damper and the lower damper are closed, the upper surface of the outer edge of the hard low friction resin plate comes into contact with the sealing surface formed inside the vertical shout portion. It is characterized by being configured as follows.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply apparatus according to claim 8 of the present invention is that, in the waste supply apparatus according to claim 7, the mechanical fastening means is provided on a female screw threaded on the damper substrate.
• the screw head is screwed so that the upper surface of the screw head is positioned lower than the upper surface of the hard low friction resin plate, and a resin coating layer is formed on the upper surface of the screw head. .
• the gist of the means employed by the sealing method of the waste supply apparatus according to claim 9 of the present invention is that the upper damper and the lower damper are provided with a vertical chute portion provided at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction, A waste transport device that transports waste supplied through the vertical chute in the direction of the gasification furnace, and prevents waste air from flowing into the gasification furnace.
• the upper damper and the lower damper are alternately closed and sealed, the upper surface of the outer edge of the hard low friction resin plate of the damper main body constituting the upper and lower dampers is placed inside the vertical shout part. It is characterized by being brought into contact with the formed sealing surface.
• the inventors open and close each damper 2400 times per hour. It was found that the number of times waste was dumped into the upper damper over time was at most 2 times (1 Z 1 2 0). So, the inventors have at least 2 3 8 times an hour of upstream equipment. If unnecessary start / stop is eliminated, the problems described in (1) and (2) above in the problem to be solved by the present invention can be greatly improved, and the third object can be achieved. Thus, the waste supply method according to the present invention has been realized. In addition, it can be understood that the number of wastes that are thrown into the upper damper is two times per hour due to the following.
• the lump of waste roughly crushed by the shredder is dropped and supplied to the upper damper at a certain interval, the lump of waste is less likely to fall into place at the moment when the upper damper is closed.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 10 of the present invention is to provide a sealing function for preventing the flow of external air into the gasification furnace.
• the upper damper and the lower damper which are alternately opened and closed, are provided with a vertical shout portion provided at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction, and the waste supplied via the vertical chute portion is
• a waste supply method by a waste supply device including a waste transfer device that transfers in the direction of a gasification furnace, even though an upper cylinder that opens and closes the upper damper is operated in a direction to close the upper damper, When it is not possible to receive the damper closing signal, it is determined that waste has been put into the upper damper, and the introduction of waste into the vertical chute is temporarily stopped.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 11 of the present invention is as follows: The waste supply method according to claim 10, wherein the elapsed time is started to be counted by a timer from the start of operation of the upper cylinder in a direction in which the upper damper is closed, and a preset time has elapsed. First, when the damper closing signal is not transmitted, the counting is stopped, and it is determined that the waste is put into the upper damper.
• the summary of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 12 of the present invention is the waste supply method according to any one of claims 10 and 11, wherein the upper damper is A damper closing signal is transmitted from a limit switch that detects the stroke of the upper cylinder.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 13 of the present invention is the waste supply method according to claim 10, wherein the lower cylinder that opens and closes the lower damper closes the lower damper. If the damper close signal cannot be received despite being operated, it is determined that the waste has entered the lower damper, and the lower damper is opened to remove the introduced waste. Operate in the direction to close the opened lower damper, and when receiving the damper closure signal, determine that the waste contained in the lower damper has been removed and operate in the direction to open the upper damper. It is a characteristic.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 14 of the present invention is the waste supply method according to claim 13, wherein the operation starts the lower cylinder in the direction of closing the lower damper.
• the timer starts counting the elapsed time, stops when the damper closing signal is not transmitted even though the preset time has elapsed, and determines that waste has been trapped in the lower damper. It is characterized by doing.
• the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 15 of the present invention is as follows: The waste supply method according to any one of claims 13 and 14, wherein a damper close signal of the lower damper is transmitted from a limit switch that detects a stroke of the lower cylinder. It is what The invention's effect
• the lower damper is parallel to the longitudinal center line passing through the center in the width direction of the waste transport apparatus, and the opposite inner wall side of the vertical shout portion.
• a lower left damper and a lower right damper that are opened and closed via a support shaft provided on the upper end of the lower left damper and the lower right damper in the closed state, the merged line is located above the center line It is configured as follows.
• the lower damper after closing the upper damper, the lower damper is parallel to the longitudinal center line passing through the center in the width direction of the waste transport device,
• the waste shaft received by the support unit provided on the opposite inner wall side of the vertical shout portion is opened as a fulcrum, and the waste received when the upper damper is opened is transported to the center line. Drop it down.
• the waste transport apparatus is provided with a size corresponding to the gasifier direction of the lower damper.
• the waste falls to the center in the width direction of the waste transport device, and the opening width is wide. As a result, it will fall in the direction away from the center in the width direction.
• the cross-sectional shape of the waste on the waste transport device at each position in the length direction of the gasifier is a mountain shape, and the waste volume is less biased. The quantitative supply performance to the chemical furnace is improved.
• the lower left damper and the lower right damper of the lower damper are configured to be in a lower position from the support shaft side toward the tip end side in the closed state. Yes. Therefore, according to the waste supply apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, the upper surfaces of the lower left damper and the lower right damper are inclined before opening and are formed into a hopper shape. When the lower right damper starts to open, waste can be efficiently supplied onto the waste transport device.
• the waste transport apparatus is a screw compressor including a pair of transport screws having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane. Therefore, according to the waste supply apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, the waste having a length corresponding to the dimension of the lower damper in the direction of the gasification furnace is transferred from the lower damper to the pair of conveying screws of the screw compressor. Supplied.
• a waste crusher for crushing the waste conveyed by the screw conveyor is provided at a position in front of the front end of the screw conveyor.
• the waste transported by the waste transport device is supplied to the gasifier while being crushed by the waste crusher.
• the waste conveyed by the screw compressor or the waste crusher is disposed of as waste. Since it is crushed by the dredger, the quantitative supply performance of waste is further improved.
• an upper damper and a lower damper provided in a vertical shout portion of the waste supply apparatus are provided.
• Each damper book The upper surface of the outer edge of the hard low-friction resin plate of the body is in contact with the sealing surface formed inside the vertical shout.
• the waste supply apparatus according to claim 7 of the present invention or the waste supply apparatus sealing method according to claim 9 of the present invention, when the upper damper and the lower damper are closed, the hard Since the upper surface of the outer edge portion of the low friction resin plate comes into contact with the sealing surface formed inside the vertical shout portion, even if the sheet surface formed in the vertical shout portion is made of metal, a spark is generated. There is no fear. In addition, no magnetic waste adheres to the hard, low-friction resin plate, and there is no risk that the sealing performance will be hindered by the low friction coefficient and no wet fine waste. .
• the hard low friction resin plate is attached to the damper board with a countersunk machine screw (mechanical fastening means). Attaching and removing the plate (replacement) The work is easy and the resin coating layer is formed on the top of the screw head of the countersunk screw, so that the magnetic substance adheres to the screw head of the countersunk screw and the contact of the corrosive substance. It can be prevented.
• a countersunk machine screw mechanical fastening means
• the upper da If no waste is introduced into the pump, waste is continuously injected into the vertical shout section, and the upstream waste source supply means that supplies waste to the vertical shout section is stopped. Therefore, the following effects can be obtained.
• the elapsed time is started to be counted by the timer from the start of the operation of the upper cylinder in the direction of closing the upper damper, and the preset time has elapsed.
• the damper close signal is not sent, the count is stopped and it is determined that the waste has entered the upper damper. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 11 of the present invention, the wasteful stop time of the waste supply device can be reduced, so that the time required for removing the waste trapped in the upper damper can be reduced. A shortening effect can be obtained.
• the damper closing signal of the upper damper is transmitted from the limit switch that detects the stroke of the upper cylinder. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 12 of the present invention, since only one limit switch is required, the configuration of the control system for controlling the damper operating means becomes extremely complicated, and the cost is high. There is no such thing as becoming.
• the lower damper is opened and closed. If the lower cylinder is operated in the direction to close the lower damper, but the damper closing signal cannot be received, it is determined that the waste has been put into the lower damper, and the inserted waste is removed. In order to open the lower damper, the lower damper is operated in the direction of closing the lower damper, and when the damper closing signal is received, it is determined that the waste trapped in the lower damper has been removed. The upper damper is operated in the opening direction.
• waste supply method in addition to the effect of the waste supply method according to claim 10 above, it is known that waste has been put into the lower damper. And the waste contained in the lower damper can be surely removed. For this reason, waste does not accumulate and stay on the lower damper due to waste intrusion, and can be reliably transported by the waste transport device and put into the waste gas inlet of the gasifier. As a result, the rate at which the quantitative supply of waste is impaired is reduced, and the waste processing efficiency is improved.
• the elapsed time is started to be counted by the timer from the start of operation of the lower cylinder in the direction of closing the lower damper, and the preset time has elapsed.
• the damper close signal is not sent, the count is stopped and it is determined that the waste has entered the lower damper. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 14 of the present invention, the wasteful stop time of the waste supply device can be reduced, so that the time required for removing the waste trapped in the lower damper can be reduced. A shortening effect can be obtained.
• the damper closing signal of the lower damper is transmitted from the limit switch that detects the stroke of the lower cylinder. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 15 of the present invention, since only two limit switches are required, the damper operating means is controlled.
• the configuration of the control system is not very complicated or expensive.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a waste gas supply apparatus for a gasifier according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
• Fig. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A_A in Fig. 1, showing the upper and lower dampers in the open / closed state, and the waste supplied to the pair of transport screws of the screw compressor (waste transport device). It is shape explanatory drawing of a thing.
• FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1, and is an explanatory view showing a planar state of waste conveyed by a pair of screw screws of the screw compressor.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration explanatory view of a waste supply apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, which also shows a gasification furnace for gasifying waste.
• FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic configuration explanatory view of an upper damper and a lower damper according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
• Fig. 4 (b) is an enlarged sectional view of part C of Fig. 4 (a).
• FIG. 5 relates to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a pressure generator for operating the upper and lower cylinders of the waste supply device and a lower cylinder and a control device for controlling the pressure generator. It is.
• FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a pressure generator that operates the upper and lower cylinders of the waste supply device and the upper and lower cylinders of the waste supply device and a control device that controls the pressure generator according to Embodiment 3a of the present invention. It is.
• FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed gasification furnace according to a conventional example and a waste supply apparatus for supplying waste to the fluidized bed gasification furnace. Explanation of symbols
• Waste supply device 1 ... Waste supply device, 2 ... Waste waste, 3 ... Pusher, 4 ... Crusher, 5 ... Comparer, 6 ... Vertical chute, 7 ... Waste transport device, 8 ... Waste supply chute, 9 ... Waste
• Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
• Fig. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1, and shows an upper damper and a lower damper.
• Fig. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in Fig. 1.
• Fig. 2 (b) is an explanatory view of the shape of the waste supplied to the pair of transport screws of the open and closed state and screw conveyor (waste transport device). It is explanatory drawing which shows the planar state of the waste conveyed with a pair of conveyance screw of a screw competitor.
• Reference numeral 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
• the waste supply device 1 is connected to the vertical chute 6 described later, the waste transport device 7 to which waste is supplied from the vertical chute 6, and the waste transport device 7.
• a waste supply chute 8 for supplying waste 9 in an oblique communication with the waste input port 2 1 is provided. That is, the waste 9 thrown into the waste hopper 2 by a waste throwing device (not shown) such as a crane is pushed out by the pusher 3, and the pushed waste 9 is roughly crushed by the breaker 4. Then, the waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is lifted obliquely upward by a compressor 5 provided in an airtight compressor housing so that the waste is dropped and supplied to the vertical shout unit 6. It is configured.
• the vertical shout portion 6 is provided with a double damper having a sealing function, which will be described later, and has a rectangular cross section.
• a waste conveying device 7 connected to a lower portion of the vertical shout unit 6 and conveying waste to the gasification furnace 20 side and having a screw unloader to be described later installed therein, and It is composed of Further, an upper end of a waste supply chute 8 that communicates obliquely downward with a waste inlet 21 of the gasification furnace 20 is connected to a lower end of the tip of the waste transport device 7.
• the double damper built in the vertical shout 6 is the upper damper 1 1 and a lower damper 12 provided below the upper damper 11 at a predetermined interval, and these are configured as shown in FIG. First, the configuration of the upper damper 11 will be described.
• the upper damper 11 includes an upper left damper 11 L and an upper right damper 11 R.
• the left inner wall of the upper left damper 11 is parallel to the longitudinal center line Lc passing through the center of the waste conveyance device 7 in the width direction and toward the gasification furnace 20 of the vertical shout portion 6. It can be opened and closed via an upper support shaft 11 p provided on the side.
• the upper right damper 11 R is parallel to the longitudinal center line L c passing through the center of the waste transport device 7 in the width direction and is directed to the gasification furnace 20 of the vertical shout unit 6.
• the upper support shaft 11 1 p provided on the right inner wall side is opened and closed.
• the merged line 1 lm defined by the contact of the straight front end portion with the upper left damper 1 1 L and the upper right damper 1 1 R being closed is the width of the vertical shout portion 6 in the left-right direction. It is configured to be positioned above the center, that is, the center line Lc in the longitudinal direction passing through the center in the width direction of the waste transport device 7. When the upper left damper 1 It and the upper right damper 1 1 R are closed, the upper left damper 1 1!
• the upper right dampers 1 1 R becomes lower position taken to toward the distal end side from the upper support shaft 1 1 p side, and more specifically the upper left Danba 1 1 L and the upper right damper 1
• the angle formed by 1 R is 0 force S, for example, 1 5 0 °.
• the upper damper 1 1 has a two-plate configuration consisting of an upper left damper 1 1 and an upper right damper 1 1 R.
• the vertical shout unit 6 may be configured to be opened and closed via an upper support shaft provided on the inner wall side in the gasification furnace 20 direction.
• the lower left damper 1 2 L is parallel to the longitudinal center line L c passing through the center of the waste conveying device 7 in the width direction and toward the gasification furnace 20 of the vertical shout unit 6. It is configured to be opened and closed via a lower support shaft 12 p provided on the left inner wall side.
• the lower right damper 12 R is parallel to the longitudinal center line L c passing through the center of the waste conveyance device 7 in the width direction and toward the gasification furnace 20 of the vertical chute 6. It is configured to be opened and closed via a lower support shaft 12 p provided on the right inner wall side.
• the merged line 12 m defined by the contact of the straight front end portion with the lower left damper 1 2 and the lower right damper 1 2 R being closed is the width in the horizontal direction of the vertical shout portion 6. Is located above the center line Lc in the longitudinal direction passing through the center of the waste conveying device 7 in the width direction.
• the lower left damper 1 2 L and the lower right damper 1 2 R are closed, the lower left damper 1 2 and the lower right damper 1 2 R move from the lower support shaft 1 2 p side to the tip side. More specifically, the angle between the lower left damper 1 2 and the lower right damper 1 2 L is 0 force, for example, 1550 degrees so that the position becomes lower as it goes.
• the upper surfaces of the lower left damper 1 2 L and the lower right damper 1 2 R are inclined before opening and are formed in a hopper shape.
• the damper 12 L and the lower right damper 1 2 R start to open, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect that waste can be efficiently supplied onto the screw compressor described later.
• the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are provided so that one of the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 is always closed in order to prevent the outside air from flowing into the gasification furnace 20. Configured to open and close alternately The
• the screw compressor 13 includes a pair of conveying screws 13 a having rotational centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane.
• a waste crusher 14 for unwinding the waste extruded by the screw conveyor 13 is provided at the front end side of the screw conveyor 13 and at an outer position thereof.
• the waste unloader 14 according to the first embodiment is a rotary type, a swing type configuration can be adopted.
• the waste 10 supplied to the waste hopper 2 is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste is roughly crushed by the crusher 4.
• the waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is transported obliquely upward by the compressor 5 and is dropped and supplied onto the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute unit 6.
• the upper damper 1 1 opens and closes several seconds after opening. During this time, the predetermined amount of waste accumulated on the upper damper 1 1 Then, the waste transported obliquely upward by the competitor 5 is thrown into the upper surface of the lower damper 12.
• the lower damper 1 2 is opened and held open for a few seconds after being opened. Therefore, when the waste thrown in on the lower damper 1 2 is supplied onto the screw compressor 13, the opposite straight tip between the lower left damper 1 2 and the lower right damper 1 2 R is opened. It falls on the center line c in the longitudinal direction passing through the center of the width direction of the waste transport device 7, specifically between the pair of transport screws 13 a of the screw conveyor 13.
• waste having a length corresponding to the size of the gasification furnace 20 of the lower damper 12 is supplied onto the pair of conveying screws 1 3 a of the screw converter 13, and the waste is stored in the Since the pair of transport screws 1 3 a in the shaper 13 are mountain-shaped in the width direction, the left and right volume of waste is less biased.
• the waste supplied to the screw compressor 13 is conveyed by the rotation of a pair of transport screws 1 3 a, further crushed by the waste crusher 1 4, and discarded through the waste supply chute 8.
• the material is introduced into the gasification furnace 20 through the material entry port 21. Waste introduced into the gasifier 20 is gasified at a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C and decomposed into combustible gas, fixed carbon and ash.
• the decomposed combustible gas and fixed carbon are burned in a melting furnace (not shown), and the ash is melted at a temperature of 130 ° C. or higher in the melting furnace to form molten slag.
• the lower damper 12 is supplied with the upper damper 11 and the lower damper so that, after supplying waste to the screw compressor 13, the upper damper 11 is closed within a few seconds and the upper damper 11 closed first is opened. 1 2 is repeated opening and closing once at a predetermined interval.
• the lower damper 12 is parallel to the longitudinal center line L c passing through the center of the width direction of the waste transport apparatus 7, And the lower left damper opened and closed via the lower support shaft 1 2 p provided on the opposite inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 1 2! ⁇ And the lower right Danba 1 2 R and Kakaranari, merged line 1 2 m of the tip portion of the lower left Danba 1 2 L and the lower right Danba 1 2 R in the closed state, positioned above the center line L c Is configured to do.
• the waste having a length corresponding to the size of the lower damper 12 in the gasification furnace 20 direction is supplied to the screw compressor 13.
• the waste is removed immediately after the lower left damper 1 2 L and the lower right damper 1 2 R begin to open.
• the center in the width direction of the compressor 13 (the position of the center line L c in the longitudinal direction passing through the center in the width direction of the waste transport device 7), that is, between the pair of transport screws 1 3 a, the opening width As it gets wider, it falls in the direction away from the center in the width direction.
• the cross-sectional shape of the waste 9 on the screw conveyor 1 3-the counter transfer screw 1 3 a at each position in the gasifier direction of the waste 9 becomes a mountain shape, and the right and left volume deviation of the waste 9 is reduced. From this, the quantitative supply performance to the gasifier of waste will be improved.
• the lower left damper 1 2 a and the lower right damper 1 2 b of the lower damper 1 2 are arranged from the lower support shaft 12 p side in the closed state. It is configured to become a lower position as it goes to the tip side. Accordingly, since the upper surfaces of the lower left damper 1 2 a and the lower right damper 1 2 b are inclined before opening and are formed in a hopper shape, the lower left damper 1 2 a and the lower right damper 1 2 b When opening begins, waste can be efficiently supplied onto the pair of conveying screws 1 3 a of the screw converter 13.
• a waste crusher 14 for crushing the waste extruded from the screw conveyor 13 is provided at a position in front of the tip of the screw compressor 13, and the rotation of the pair of conveying screws 13 a Since the transported waste is further finely crushed by the waste disintegrator 1 4 and put into the gasification furnace 2 0 from the waste inlet 2 1 through the waste supply chute 8, a large lump This can greatly contribute to the improvement of quantitative supply. In addition, it is possible to suppress the generation of harmful components in the exhaust gas and to suppress fluctuations in the amount of gas generated. This makes it possible to improve the performance of the gasification and melting blunt and reduce the margin of each equipment, thereby reducing the cost of the gasification and melting plant. Can also contribute.
• the waste gas supply apparatus for a gasifier according to the first embodiment is one tool of the present invention. Since this is merely an example, and therefore design changes and the like within a range that does not depart from the technical idea of the present invention are free, the form of the waste gas supply device of the gasifier is limited to the configuration according to the above embodiment. It is not something.
• the waste supply apparatus 1 is provided with the competitor 5 as an example.
• the installation space may be small, and the building that accommodates these facilities can be made small. Therefore, the economic effect of reducing the facility cost associated with the waste supply device can be achieved. can get.
• the crusher 4 can be configured separately from the waste supply device 1. With such a configuration, even if the crusher 4 is stopped during operation due to some trouble, the waste supply device 1 can continuously supply waste to the gasifier 20. The effect of improving continuous operability can be obtained.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a waste supply apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and also shows a gasification furnace for gasifying waste
• FIG. 4 (a) is an upper damper
• FIG. 4 (b) is an enlarged sectional view of the C part of FIG. 4 (a).
• Reference numeral 1 shown in FIG. 3 is a waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention that implements the waste supply method of the present invention.
• This waste supply device 1 is connected to the vertical chute 6 described later, the waste transport device 7 to which waste is supplied from the vertical chute 6, and the waste transport device 7, and is gasified.
• a waste supply chute 8 for supplying the waste 9 in an oblique communication with the waste inlet 21 of the furnace 20 is provided. That is, the waste 9 thrown into the waste hot bar 2 by a waste throwing device (not shown) such as a crane is pushed out by the pusher 3, and the pushed waste 9 is roughly crushed by the breaker 4.
• the vertical shout portion 6 is provided with a double damper having a sealing function, which will be described later, and has a rectangular cross section.
• a waste conveying device 7 connected to a lower portion of the vertical shout unit 6 and conveying waste to the gasification furnace 20 side and having a screw unloader to be described later installed therein, and It is composed of Further, the lower end of the tip of the waste transport device 7 is connected to the upper end of a waste supply shout 8 that communicates obliquely downward with the waste inlet 21 of the gasification furnace 20.
• the double dampers provided in the vertical chute 6 are an upper damper 11 and a lower damper 12 provided below the upper damper 11 at a predetermined interval.
• the upper damper 11 is inclined by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line with an upper support shaft 11 p provided on the inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 on the gasification furnace 20 direction side as a rotation fulcrum. It is configured to rotate 75 ° downward from the closed position until it reaches a vertical position perpendicular to the horizontal line.
• the lower damper 12 is provided at a position that is a predetermined distance below the force of the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute 6 and is provided on the inner wall side of the vertical shout 6 in the direction of the gasifier 20.
• the lower support shaft 1 2 p as the pivot, 7 5 from the closed position inclined 15 ° to the horizon. Rotating in the downward direction and configured to open until it reaches a vertical position perpendicular to the horizontal line Has been.
• the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line when the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are closed is set to 15 °.
• the inclination angle of the upper and lower dampers with respect to the horizontal line should be set as appropriate, and is not limited to 15 °.
• both the upper support shaft 11 p and the lower support shaft 12 p are provided on the inner wall side of the vertical shout portion 6 on the gasification furnace 20 direction side.
• it can be as follows, it is not limited to this configuration.
• Both the upper support shaft 11 p and the lower support shaft 12 p can be provided on the inner wall side of the vertical shout portion 6 in the direction away from the gasification furnace 20.
• the upper damper 11 1 p is provided by providing the upper support shaft 11 p and the lower support shaft 1 2 p on the inner walls of the vertical shout 6 opposite to each other. Waste can be dropped from the lower damper 1 2 to the lower support shaft 1 2 p side. Therefore, the adhering material that adheres to the upper surface of the lower damper 12 will continue to be wiped off due to the sliding of the waste falling from the upper damper 11, and the frequency of cleaning the lower damper 12 will be reduced. An effect of reducing the maintenance cost of the apparatus can be obtained.
• the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are configured as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
• the upper damper 11 is, for example, an upper part composed of a damper board 1 1 b made of SS material or SUS material, and a hard low friction resin plate 1 1 c fixed to the upper surface of the damper board 1 1 b.
• the damper main body 1 1 a and one end side are rotatably supported by the upper support shaft 11 1 p, and the other end side is connected to the upper damper main body 1 1 a via a bracket ile and a connecting pin 1 1 f. It consists of an upper support arm 1 1 h that pivotally supports.
• the hard low friction resin plate 1 1 c is formed by a countersunk machine screw 1 1 d (mechanical fastening means) screwed to each of a plurality of female screws 1 1 s screwed on the damper substrate 1 1 b. It is fixed to the upper surface of the damper substrate 11 b.
• the hard low friction resin plate 11c is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape that fills the upper surface of the countersunk screw 11d accommodated in the mortar-shaped screw head accommodation hole of the 1c, and the upper surface is the hard low friction resin plate.
• the one that is flush with the surface of 1c is a countersunk screw 1 1 A coating to prevent the corrosive substance from coming into contact with the upper surface of d and to prevent the adhesion of magnetic substances contained in the waste Layer 1 1 g.
• One end of the upper arm 1 1 i is fixed to the shaft end projecting outward from the vertical shout portion 6 of the upper support shaft lip that supports the upper support arm 11 h.
• the tip of the expansion cylinder of the upper cylinder 1 1 j is pivotally attached to the tip of the cylinder.
• the upper damper body 1 1 a rotates 75 ° through the upper arm 1 1 i, the upper support shaft 1 lp, and the upper support arm 1 1 h by the expansion and contraction of the expansion rod of the upper cylinder 1 1 j. It is configured to be.
• the lower damper 12 is an upper part composed of, for example, a damper board 1 2 b made of SS material or SUS material, and a hard low friction resin plate 1 2 c fixed to the upper surface of the damper board 1 2 b.
• Damba body 1 2 a and one end side The upper support arm 1 is rotatably supported by the upper support shaft 1 2 p, and the other end of the upper support body 1 2 a rotates and supports the upper damper main body 1 2 a via a bracket 1 2 e and a connecting pin 1 2 f. It consists of 2 h.
• the hard low-friction resin plate 12 c is formed by a countersunk screw 12 d (mechanical fastening means) screwed into each of a plurality of female screws 12 2 s formed by screwing on the damper substrate 12 b. It is fixed to the upper surface of the damper substrate 12 b.
• the hard low-friction resin plate is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape that fills the upper surface of the countersunk screw 12 d accommodated in the mortar-shaped screw head accommodation hole of the 12 c, and the upper surface is the hard low-friction resin plate 1 Coats that are flush with the surface of 2c are coating screws to prevent the contact of corrosive substances with the flat head screws 1 2d and to prevent the adhesion of magnetic substances contained in the waste.
• One end of the lower arm 1 2 i is fixed to the shaft end protruding outward from the vertical shout portion 6 of the lower support shaft 1 2 p that supports the lower support arm 1 2 h.
• the tip of the expansion cylinder of the lower cylinder 1 2 j is pivotally attached to the tip of 2 i. That is, the lower damper main body 1 2 a is 75 ° through the lower arm 1 2 i, the lower support shaft 1 2 p, and the lower support arm 1 2 h by expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction opening of the lower cylinder 12 j. It is configured to rotate. As can be understood from the above description, the upper damper 11, the lower damper 12, and the operating mechanism have the same configuration.
• the upper damper main body 11 a has a hard low friction resin plate 1 1 c and the lower damper main body 1 2 a has a large molecular weight of 3 million to 800,000.
• Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene resin was used.
• an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene resin was used as in the case of vapor, but it is not limited to this resin.
• PC polycarbonate
• ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
• Coalesce Coalesce
• the material of the hard low friction resin plate is not limited to the type of resin as long as it has excellent wear resistance, impact resistance, chemical resistance, and the like.
• the upper damper 1 1 and the lower damper 1 2 must be one of the upper damper 1 1 and the lower damper 1 2 in order to prevent the outside air from flowing into the gasifier 20. It is configured to be opened and closed alternately so as to close.
• a screw compressor 13 for accommodating the waste supplied from the lower damper 12 force in the direction of the gasification furnace 20 is accommodated in the waste transfer device 7.
• the screw compressor 13 includes a pair of conveying screws 13 a having rotation centers parallel to each other on a horizontal plane.
• a waste crusher 14 for crushing the waste extruded by the screw compressor 13 is provided at the tip end side of the screw compressor 13 and at an outer position thereof.
• the waste crusher 14 in the second embodiment is a rotary type, but it is possible to adopt a rocking type configuration.
• Waste 9 supplied to the waste hopper 2 is extruded by a pusher 3, and the extruded waste is roughly crushed by a crusher 4.
• the waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is transported obliquely upward by the compressor 5 and dropped and supplied onto the upper damper 11 of the vertical shout unit 6.
• the upper damper 11 When a predetermined amount of waste accumulates on the upper surface of the upper damper 11, the upper damper 11 opens and closes several seconds after opening, but during this time, a predetermined amount of waste is accumulated on the upper damper 11. Then, the waste carried up obliquely by the competitor 5 is thrown onto the lower damper 12. Then, a few seconds after the upper damper 1 1 closes, the lower damper 1 2 opens and opens For a few seconds. Therefore, the waste thrown on the lower damper falls on the screw converter 13, specifically on the opposite conveying screw 13 a.
• the waste dropped on the pair of transport screws 13 a is transported by the rotation of the pair of transport screws 13 a.
• the waste discharged from the tip of the screw compressor 1 3 is further finely crushed by the waste crusher 14, and is fed into the gasifier 20 through the waste supply port 2 1 through the waste supply chute 8.
• the waste put into the gasifier 20 is gasified at a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. and decomposed into combustible gas, fixed carbon and ash.
• the decomposed combustible gas and fixed carbon are then burned in a melting furnace (not shown), and the ash is melted at a temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher in the melting furnace to form molten slag.
• the lower damper 12 is supplied with the upper damper 11 and the lower damper so that, after supplying waste to the screw compressor 13, the upper damper 11 is closed within a few seconds and the upper damper 11 closed first is opened.
• the damper 12 is repeatedly opened and closed once every predetermined seconds set in advance.
• the upper surfaces of the upper damper body 11a and the lower damper body 12a are both hard low friction resin plates. Therefore, even if the seal surface (not shown) formed on the vertical shout 6 is made of metal, there will be no sparks caused by the impact when it is closed, so the oil in the waste will ignite. There is no fear. In addition, since magnetic waste does not adhere, there is a risk that other waste will be caught and the waste will accumulate, making it impossible to supply the waste smoothly to the gasifier. Nor. In addition, because the coefficient of friction is low, moist and fine waste does not adhere, so there is no risk of hindering sealing.
• FIG. 5 relates to the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a pressure generator that operates the upper and lower cylinders of the upper and lower dampers of the waste supply device and a control device that controls the pressure generator. It is. Since the configuration of the waste supply apparatus itself according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is the same as that of Embodiment 2, the configuration of the waste supply apparatus itself will be described with reference to FIG. .
• Reference numeral 1 shown in FIG. 3 is a waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 3 that implements the waste supply method of the present invention.
• This waste supply device 1 includes a vertical shout unit 6 to be described later, a waste transport device 7 to which waste is supplied from the vertical shout unit 6, and a waste gas transport device 7 connected to the waste transport device 7.
• the waste 9 roughly broken by the crusher 4 is transported obliquely upward by a conveyor 5 provided in an airtight conveyor housing, and falls to the vertical chute 6. It is configured to be supplied.
• the waste source supply means is composed of a waste hopper 2, a pusher 3, a breaker 4 and a competitor 5.
• the vertical shout portion 6 is provided with a double damper having a sealing function, which will be described later, and has a rectangular cross section. Then, the waste transporter is connected to the lower part of the vertical shout unit 6 and transports the waste 9 to the gasification furnace 20 side, and includes a screw breaker waste crusher described later. A device 7 is provided. Further, an upper end of a waste supply shout 8 communicating with the waste inlet 21 of the gasification furnace 20 obliquely downward is connected to the lower end of the tip of the waste transport device 7.
• the double damper provided in the vertical shout portion 6 includes an upper damper 11 and a lower damper 12 provided below the upper damper 11 with a predetermined interval.
• the upper damper 11 is inclined by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line with an upper support shaft 11 p provided on the inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 on the gasification furnace 20 direction side as a rotation fulcrum. It is configured to rotate 75 ° downward from the closed position until it reaches a vertical position perpendicular to the horizontal line.
• the lower damper 12 is provided at a position separated by a predetermined distance below the upper damper 1 1 force of the vertical chute 6, and provided on the inner wall side of the vertical shout 6 in the direction of the gasifier 20. 7 5 from the closed position inclined 15 ° to the horizon with the lower support shaft 1 2 p as the pivot point. It is configured to rotate downward and open until it reaches a vertical position perpendicular to the horizontal line.
• the upper support shaft 11 p and the lower support shaft 12 p are both in the direction of the gasification furnace 20 of the vertical shout portion 6. (Right side in Figs. 3 and 5).
• the upper damper 1 1 and the lower damper 1 2 are set so as to be inclined by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line in the closed state.
• the inclination angles of the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 can be set as appropriate, and are not limited to 15 °.
• the upper damper 1 1 and the lower damper 1 2 are operated by a pressure generating device Pu whose supply of compressed air is switched by control of a control device CL as shown in FIG. It is configured to be opened and closed by 1 2 j. More specifically, one end of the upper arm 1 1 i is fixed to the shaft end protruding outward from the vertical shout portion 6 of the upper support shaft 1 1 p that pivotally supports the upper damper 1 1, and this upper arm 1 The tip of the upper cylinder 1 1 j telescopic rod is pivotally attached to the tip of 1 i.
• the expansion and contraction of the expansion cylinder of the upper cylinder 1 1 j rotates the upper damper 1 1 force S 75 ° via the upper arm 1 1 i and the upper support shaft 1 lp to open and close (upper damper 1 1 is configured to be closed by contraction of the expansion / contraction opening and to be opened by extension).
• upper damper 1 1 is configured to be closed by contraction of the expansion / contraction opening and to be opened by extension.
• the upper arm 1 1 i rotates the upper damper 1 1 to the closed position
• the upper arm 1 1 i comes into contact with the upper arm 1 1 i to detect that the upper damper 1 1 is located at the closed position.
• a limit switch 1 1 sw for transmitting a detection signal to a control device to be described later is provided.
• one end of the lower arm 1 2 i is fixed to the shaft end protruding outward from the vertical shaft portion 6 of the lower support shaft 12 p that pivotally supports the lower damper 12.
• the tip of the telescopic port of the lower cylinder 1 2 j is pivotally attached to the tip of the arm 1 2 i.
• the expansion and contraction of the expansion cylinder of the lower cylinder 1 2 j causes the lower damper 1 2 force S 7 5 ° to rotate through the lower arm 1 2 i and the lower support shaft 1 2 p to open and close (lower damper 1 2 Is configured to be closed by contraction of the telescopic rod and open by extension).
• the configuration of the damper operating mechanism for opening and closing the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 is exactly the same except for the limit switch 11 sw.
• the upper and lower cylinders 1 1 1 j and 1 2 j for opening and closing the upper damper 1 1 and the lower damper 1 2 are both limit switches 1 1 From the pressure generator P u controlled by the control device that receives the arm detection signal that is sent from sw and touches the upper arm 1 1 i, that is, the damper closing signal that the upper damper 1 1 is closed It is configured to be controlled by compressed air supplied and discharged.
• the control device C L receives a damper close signal from the limit switch 1 1 sw, it determines that no waste is put in the upper damper 1 1 and follows the normal program.
• the pressure generator Pu is controlled so that the upper and lower cylinders 1 1 j and 1 2 j are operated alternately.
• the determination that waste is contained in the upper damper 11 is performed as follows. That is, from the time when the operation of the upper cylinder 11 1 j starts in the direction to close the upper damper 11 (the expansion rod starts to extend).
• the damper closing signal is not transmitted from the limit switch 1 1 sw even though a preset time (for example, 5 to 10 seconds) has elapsed
• the count is stopped at this point, and it is judged that waste is contained in the upper damper 1 1.
• the set time of the timer is appropriately changed according to the opening / closing speed of the upper damper 11. According to this configuration, the wasteful stop time of the waste supply device 1 can be reduced, so that it is possible to obtain an effect of shortening the time required for removing the waste trapped in the upper damper 11.
• the control device By stopping the operation of the pusher 3 and the compressor 5 by the device CJ, the introduction of the waste 9 into the vertical chute 6 is temporarily stopped. Then, while the introduction of the waste 9 is stopped, the pressure generator P u is controlled to operate the upper cylinder 11 j to open the upper damper 11, and to the upper damper 11. The trapped waste 9 is dropped and removed, and the upper damper 11 opened for removing the trapped waste 9 is closed, and then discarded to the vertical shout unit 6. In order to start the insertion of the object 9, the operation of the pusher 3 and the compressor 5 is controlled to be started.
• the removal of the waste entrained in the upper damper 11 is determined by receiving a damper closing signal transmitted from the limit switch 11 sw.
• the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are always closed to prevent the outside air from flowing into the gasification furnace 20.
• it is configured to be alternately opened and closed.
• a screw compressor 13 for accommodating the waste supplied from the lower damper 12 in the direction of the gasification furnace 20 is accommodated in the waste transport device 7.
• the screw compressor 13 is provided with a pair of conveying screws 1 3 a (only one conveying screw 1 3 a is shown in FIG. 3) having rotation axes parallel to each other on a horizontal plane.
• a waste crusher 14 for crushing the waste extruded by the screw conveyor 13 is provided at the front end side of the screw conveyor 13 and at an outer position thereof. Note that the waste crusher 14 in the third embodiment is a rotary type, but it is possible to adopt a rocking type configuration.
• Waste 9 supplied to the waste hot bar 2 is extruded by a pusher 3, and the extruded waste is roughly crushed by a crusher 4.
• the waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is transported obliquely upward by the competitor 5 and is dropped and supplied onto the upper damper 11 of the vertical shout unit 6.
• the upper damper 1 1 When a predetermined amount of waste accumulates on the upper damper 1 1, the upper damper 1 1 opens and closes several seconds after opening, but during this time, a predetermined amount of waste is accumulated on the upper damper 1 1. Then, the waste carried up obliquely by the conveyor 5 is thrown into the lower damper 12. Next, a few seconds after the upper damper 11 is closed, the lower damper 12 is opened and held open for a few seconds after being opened. For this reason, the waste thrown onto the lower damper 12 falls onto the screw converter 13, specifically onto the opposite conveying screw 13 a.
• the waste dropped on the pair of transport screws 13 a is transported by the rotation of the pair of transport screws 13 a.
• the waste discharged from the tip of the screw compressor 13 is crushed more finely by the waste pulverizer 14, and is passed from the waste inlet 21 to the gasifier 20 via the waste supply chute 8. It is thrown.
• the waste introduced into the gasifier 20 is gasified at a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. and decomposed into combustible gas, fixed carbon and ash.
• the decomposed combustible gas and fixed carbon are then burned in a melting furnace (not shown), and the ash is melted at a temperature of 130 ° C. or higher in the melting furnace to form a molten slag.
• the lower damper 12 closes in a few seconds after supplying waste to the screw compressor 13, and the upper damper 11 closed earlier is opened.
• These upper damper 1 1 and lower damper 1 2 are opened and closed once every 15 seconds to 3 minutes, for example. Is repeated.
• the time interval for opening and closing the upper damper 1 1 and the lower damper 1 2 each time should be set as appropriate, and is not limited to the time interval for opening and closing each time.
• the control by the control device C switches to the opening operation of the upper damper 1 1 where the expansion rod of the upper cylinder 1 1 j extends with the pressure generator Pu.
• the upper cylinder 1 1 j retracts the telescopic rod, closes the upper damper 1 1 that was opened to remove the waste 9 that has been trapped, and the controller C ⁇ receives the damper closing signal.
• the operation of the pusher 3 and the compressor 5 is started, and thereafter the normal operation state is restored.
• the operation was performed in the direction of closing the upper damper 1 1 that was opened in order to remove the waste that was trapped. Nevertheless, the waste cannot be removed and the damper close signal may not be received.
• the opening / closing operation of the upper damper 11 is repeated until a damper closing signal is received.
• the operation is performed as described above. If the control device CL receives the damper closing signal and it is determined that the upper damper 1 1 is completely closed and no waste 9 is trapped in the upper damper 1 1, go to the vertical shout section 6. However, the operation of the upstream waste source supply means, that is, the pusher 3 and the compressor 5 is not stopped, and the following effects can be obtained.
• Embodiment 3a for carrying out the waste supply method of the present invention is controlled by controlling the pressure generator and the pressure generator for operating the upper and lower cylinders of the upper and lower dampers.
• Explanation of schematic configuration of control device This will be described with reference to FIG.
• the difference between Embodiment 3a and Embodiment 3 is the arrangement position of the lower support shaft that rotatably supports the lower damper, and the other configurations are exactly the same. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same components and components having the same functions, and the differences are mainly described.
• the upper damper 11 is provided with an upper support shaft 11 1 provided on the inner wall side of the vertical shout portion 6 on the gasification furnace direction side (right side in FIG. 6), as in the third embodiment. With p as the pivot point, it is configured to rotate from the closed position tilted 15 ° relative to the horizon to 75 ° downward and open to a vertical position perpendicular to the horizon. Yes.
• the lower damper 1 2 has a lower support shaft 1 2 p provided on the inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 on the opposite side of the gasification furnace (left side in FIG. 6) as a rotation fulcrum. It is configured to rotate from the closed position tilted 5 ° downward by 75 ° to the vertical position perpendicular to the horizontal line.
• the arrangement positions of the lower support shafts 12 p that rotatably support the lower damper 12 are different. Therefore, an effect equivalent to that of the waste supply apparatus according to the third embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, in the waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 3a of the present invention, the waste falling from the upper damper 11 to the lower support shaft 12 p side of the lower damper 12 slides down on the upper surface of the lower damper 12. And fall to the post-process side. Therefore, not only is the waste attached to the upper surface of the lower damper 1 2 suppressed, but the attached waste is removed from the upper surface of the lower damper 1 2 by the wiping action of the waste sliding down. The cleaning interval of the lower damper 1 2 is extended, which can contribute to reducing the running cost of the waste supply device and improving the operating rate.
• the upper damper 1 1 is discarded.
• An example has been described in which the upper damper 11 is opened and closed when waste is thrown in, and it is judged that the waste thrown in has been removed by the damper closing signal from the limit switch 1 1 sw.
• the frequency of waste intrusion troubles is much less than that of the upper damper 11. This is because the lower damper 12 may not be completely closed due to mud deposits on the damper surface during long-term operation.
• Embodiment 3b of the present invention it is detected that the lower damper 12 is in the closed position by contacting the lower arm 12 i at the time of the minimum stroke of the lower cylinder 12 j.
• a limit switch (not shown) is provided to transmit the detection signal to the controller.
• the lower cylinder 1 2 j for opening and closing the lower damper 1 2 is operated in the direction to close the lower damper 1 2, and the control device C L is limited even though a preset time has elapsed by the timer.
• the damper closing signal cannot be received from the switch, it is determined that the waste has entered the lower damper 1 2, and the lower damper 1 2 is opened to remove the introduced waste, and the lower Operate in the direction to close damper 1 2.
• control device CL After the operation, when the control device CL receives a damper closing signal from the limit switch, it is determined that the waste introduced into the lower damper 1 2 has been removed, and the upper damper 1 1 is operated in the direction of opening, The waste accumulated on the upper damper 1 1 is dropped and supplied to the lower damper 1 2.
• waste is stored in the lower damper 1 2.
• the wasteful stop time of the waste supply device can be reduced, the effect of shortening the time required for removing the waste trapped in the lower damper 12 can be obtained.
• the configuration of the control system for controlling the damper operating means is not extremely complicated or expensive.
• the waste supply apparatus according to the above embodiment or the waste supply apparatus according to the embodiment for carrying out the waste supply method of the present invention is merely a specific example of the present invention.
• the design can be changed freely without departing from the scope. Therefore, the configuration of the waste supply apparatus is not limited to the configuration of the waste supply apparatus 1 according to the above embodiment.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=42046239

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (12)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2008
  • 2008-08-15 WO PCT/JP2008/065057 patent/WO2009025378A1/ja active Application Filing
  • 2008-08-15 EP EP08792666.3A patent/EP2180255B1/de active Active
  • 2008-08-15 EP EP16174338.0A patent/EP3112753B1/de active Active
  • 2008-08-15 EP EP16174339.8A patent/EP3112754B1/de active Active
  • 2008-08-15 KR KR1020107003589A patent/KR101166848B1/ko active IP Right Grant

Patent Citations (12)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events