WO2007105318A1 - トナー及びトナーの製造方法 - Google Patents
トナー及びトナーの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007105318A1 WO2007105318A1 PCT/JP2006/313364 JP2006313364W WO2007105318A1 WO 2007105318 A1 WO2007105318 A1 WO 2007105318A1 JP 2006313364 W JP2006313364 W JP 2006313364W WO 2007105318 A1 WO2007105318 A1 WO 2007105318A1
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- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical class S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBKBGHZMNFTKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium 2-[(2-oxido-3-sulfo-6-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]benzoate Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C(=C1)C(=O)[O-])N=NC2=C3C=CC(=CC3=CC(=C2[O-])S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] RBKBGHZMNFTKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0827—Developers with toner particles characterised by their shape, e.g. degree of sphericity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08706—Polymers of alkenyl-aromatic compounds
- G03G9/08708—Copolymers of styrene
- G03G9/08711—Copolymers of styrene with esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08755—Polyesters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08793—Crosslinked polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08795—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their chemical properties, e.g. acidity, molecular weight, sensitivity to reactants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08797—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their physical properties, e.g. viscosity, solubility, melting temperature, softening temperature, glass transition temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image or a toner jet type toner in an image forming method such as electrophotography and electrostatic printing. Also the light
- the present invention relates to a method for producing toner. book
- a typical example is electrophotography.
- a latent image is electrically formed on a photosensitive member by various means, and then the latent image is developed with toner to form a toner image, and if necessary, transfer such as paper After the toner image is transferred to the material, the toner image is fixed to the transfer material using a fixing method such as heating, pressing, heating and pressing, or solvent vapor to obtain an image.
- a fixing method such as heating, pressing, heating and pressing, or solvent vapor to obtain an image.
- the fixed heat roller method or the film fixing method performs fixing by passing a heat roller or a fixing film in contact with a toner image on a fixing sheet.
- this fixing method the surface of the heat roller or fixing film and the toner on the fixing sheet come into contact with each other, so that the thermal efficiency when fusing the toner onto the fixing sheet is extremely good, and fixing can be performed quickly. It is very good as an electrophotographic apparatus.
- the fixing method described above since the surface of the heat roller or the fixing film and the toner are in contact with each other in a molten state, a part of the toner adheres to the surface of the heat roller or the fixing film. Fixing film This causes an offset phenomenon in which the toner adhering to the surface re-transfers and stains the fixing sheet. There is.
- a toner that defines the rate of change in the viscosity of a toner flow tester is disclosed. (See JP-A 63-58356.) In addition, a toner is disclosed in which the absolute value of the slope of the graph of the resin mixture is defined (see JP 08-334926). However, the toner described in JP-A-63-58356 to JP-A-08-334926 has a further low temperature fixability, a higher dalos, a wider fixable temperature range, and a toner having excellent durability. It is requested. Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to provide a toner that solves the above problems.
- a toner that has excellent low-temperature fixability and offset resistance has a wide fixing temperature range, can provide a fixed image with a high loss rate during fixing, has excellent durability, and can form a high-quality toner rain image. There is to do.
- the present invention is a toner comprising toner particles having toner base particles containing at least a binder resin and a colorant,
- the toner base particles are particles produced in an aqueous or hydrophilic medium, and the viscosity of the toner particles at 100 ° C. measured by a flow tester temperature rising method is ⁇ 10 . (P a ⁇ s) 1 When the viscosity at 10 ° C is ⁇ 110 (P a ⁇ s), the following equation (1) :
- ⁇ (1 og ( ⁇ 7 110 )-1 og ( ⁇ 100 )) / (1 10 -100) (1)
- the average viscosity change ⁇ ⁇ is ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ — 0. 064
- the present invention relates to a toner characterized in that 00 is 15000 to 40000 Pa ⁇ s. Brief Description of Drawings
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing an example of a reparsing heat flow line obtained by toner DSC measurement.
- the viscosity value of the toner obtained by the flow tester temperature raising method in the present invention is determined by the following method.
- a flow tester CFT-500D manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation
- Shimadzu Corporation a flow tester CFT-500D (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) is used as an apparatus, and measurement is performed under the following conditions.
- Sample Weigh about 1.0 g of toner and mold it with a pressure molding machine at a weight of 100 kg / cm 2 for 1 minute to make a sample.
- the toner of the present invention preferably has a viscosity at 100 ° C by a flow tester temperature rising method of 150 to 0 Pa ⁇ s to 40000 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 20000 Pa ⁇ s or more. 35000 Pa ⁇ s or less.
- a viscosity at 100 ° C within this range, a toner with excellent low-temperature fixability and image gloss can be obtained. If it is less than 15000 Pa ⁇ s, the loss of Daross due to the penetration of toner into the media (transfer material) will be unfavorable.
- inorganic fine powder added as an external additive is embedded in the surface of toner particles.
- the toner particles are deformed and the triboelectric charging characteristics become non-uniform, and the phenomenon that the toner adheres to the non-image area on the transfer material (hereinafter referred to as “capri”) is not preferable. If it exceeds 40000 Pa ⁇ s, the toner particles cannot be sufficiently deformed during the fixing process in high-speed and low-temperature printing, and the toner image tends to peel off when the surface of the fixed image is rubbed. This is not preferable.
- the toner of the present invention shows an average viscosity change amount per 1 ° C. from 100 ° 0 to 1 10 ° C.
- An T (1 og ( ⁇ 110 )-log (77 100 )) (1 1 0—1 00) is ⁇ 0.064-0, more preferably 0.060-0.
- the toner of the present invention has excellent low-temperature fixability and image brightness, and exhibits excellent high-temperature offset resistance and durability while maintaining its performance. Is less than 0.064, the viscosity change rate (absolute value) with respect to temperature is large, and the loss of fixed image is uneven due to the change in fixing temperature.
- Viscosity between 100 ° C and 110 ° C correlates with toner fixability, especially daros.
- Viscosity By reducing the change in viscosity (absolute value) due to temperature changes, it is possible to reduce unevenness of daros due to temperature changes in the fixing device and differences in the usage environment such as temperature and humidity.
- the molecular weight distribution of the THF soluble content of the toner of the present invention can be measured using a GPC measuring apparatus (HLC-8 120 GPC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) under the following measurement conditions.
- Samples are prepared as follows. Place the toner sample to be measured in tetrahydrofuran (THF), leave it for 6 hours, and then shake it thoroughly until the sample is no longer united. The obtained solution is filtered with a sample processing filter (pore size: 0.45 jum) to obtain a sample for GPC measurement.
- the calibration curve uses a molecular weight calibration curve created with a monodisperse polystyrene standard sample.
- the endothermic main peak is in the range of 40-130 ° C, the reversing heat;
- the calorific value integral Q of the low curve per gram of toner It is preferably 10 to 35 J / g.
- the calorimetric integral value Q represented by the peak area of the reparsing heat flow curve can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the type of wax and its content.
- the endothermic main peak in the repurging heat flow curve is preferably in the range of 50 to 110 ° C, more preferably in the range of 60 to 90 ° C.
- Production methods for producing toner base particles of the present invention include methods for producing toner directly in a hydrophilic medium such as suspension polymerization method, interface polymerization method, and dispersion polymerization method (hereinafter also referred to as polymerization method).
- the toner base particles obtained by this polymerization method (hereinafter also referred to as polymerized toner) have high transferability because the individual particles are almost spherical and the distribution of charge amount is relatively uniform.
- the suspension polymerization method is particularly preferred as a production method for producing the toner mother particles of the present invention.
- a polymerizable monomer composition having at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant, a wax and the like is dispersed in an aqueous medium to produce droplets of the polymerizable monomer composition.
- toner base particles are produced by at least a granulation step and a polymerization step for polymerizing the polymerizable monomer in the droplets.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the T H F-soluble component of the low molecular weight resin determined by GPC is preferably from 2000 to 600, from the viewpoints of low-temperature fixability and blocking resistance.
- the low molecular weight resin is preferably an addition-reactive resin having a reactive functional group because it improves the change in the viscosity of the toner at high temperatures, and high temperature offset resistance improves durability.
- Preferred functional groups include, for example, a double bond and an isocyanate group.
- the toner base particles of the present invention it is desirable to use an addition-reactive resin produced by polymerization at a high temperature of 150 ° C. or higher.
- an addition-reactive resin produced by polymerization at a high temperature of 150 Q ° C or higher For styrene resins produced by polymerization at a high temperature of 15 Q ° C or higher, 4.6 to 4.9 ppm and 5.0 to 5.0 in 1 H-N MR measurement using heavy chloroform solvent A peak derived from double bond is observed at 5.2 ppm. That is, the addition-reactive resin obtained as described above has double bonds, and these double bonds are involved in the reaction during the production of toner base particles, and a crosslinking reaction occurs. Thus, a small amount of cross-linking structure is formed in the toner base particles.
- the rate of change in the viscosity of the toner at a high temperature can be reduced more effectively.
- the weight average molecular weight is 200 to 600
- the degree of cross-linking is low because the reactivity is gentle compared to the conventionally used low molecular weight cross-linking agents (for example, divinylbenzene).
- the glass transition point of the addition reactive resin is preferably 40 to 100 ° C.
- the glass transition point is less than 40 ° C, the strength of the toner base particles as a whole is lowered, and the transferability and development characteristics are liable to be lowered during the multi-sheet durability test. Furthermore, the toner particles tend to aggregate in a high temperature and high humidity environment, and the storage stability tends to decrease. On the other hand, if the glass transition point exceeds 10 ° C., the problem of poor fixing tends to occur.
- the glass transition point of the addition-reactive resin is more preferably 40 to 70 ° C, more preferably 40 to 65 ° C, from the viewpoints of low-temperature fixability and high dalos images. .
- the addition amount of the addition-reactive resin is preferably 0.1 to 75% by mass in the binder resin in the toner base particles. If the binder resin in the toner base particles is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect of addition of the addition reactive resin is small. On the other hand, when it exceeds 75% by mass, the viscosity of the binder resin decreases greatly due to melting at the time of fixing, so that it easily penetrates into paper and the high-temperature offset resistance decreases.
- the shape of the toner base particles is used in the polymerizable monomer composition for the purpose of improving the dispersibility and fixing properties of the material or the image characteristics. It can be polymerized by adding fat.
- a simple functional group containing a hydrophilic functional group such as an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a glycidyl group, or a nitrile group, which cannot be used because it dissolves in an aqueous suspension and causes emulsion polymerization.
- a monomer component When it is desired to introduce a monomer component into the toner, a random copolymer, a block copolymer of the monomer component and a vinyl compound such as styrene or ethylene, And a copolymer such as a graft copolymer, a polycondensate such as a polyester and a polyamide, or an addition polymer such as a polyether and a polyimine.
- examples of the low molecular weight resin that can be added to the polymerizable monomer composition include styrene such as polystyrene and polyvinyltoluene, and homopolymers of substituted styrene; styrene-propylene copolymer, Styrene-vinyltoluene copolymer, styrene-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, styrene-methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-octyl acrylate copolymer Polymer, Copolymer of dimethylaminoethyl styrene monoacrylate, Copolymer of styrene monomethyl methacrylate, Copolymer of styrene monoethyl
- the glass transition point of the low molecular weight resin is preferably 40 to 10 Ot.
- the glass transition point is less than 40 ° C., the strength of the entire toner base particles is lowered, and the transferability and development characteristics are liable to be lowered during a multi-sheet durability test. Further, the toner base particles aggregate in a high temperature and humidity environment, resulting in a problem that storage stability is lowered. On the other hand, the glass transition point exceeds 100 Then, the problem of fixing failure is likely to occur.
- the glass transition point of the low molecular weight resin is more preferably 40 to 70 ° C, more preferably 40 to 65 ° C, from the viewpoints of low temperature fixability and high Dalos image. It is.
- the addition amount of the low molecular weight resin is preferably 0.1 to 75% by mass in the binder resin in the toner base particles. If the amount of the binder resin in the toner base particles is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect of adding the low molecular weight resin is small. On the other hand, when it is more than 75% by mass, the viscosity of the binder resin is greatly reduced due to melting at the time of fixing, so that it easily penetrates into the paper and the high-temperature offset resistance decreases. In addition, the durability stability of the toner may be reduced.
- the toner of the present invention is preferably a toner having toner mother particles having at least a core part and a shell part.
- the toner base particles have a shell portion so as to cover the core portion.
- a surface layer portion having a resin composition different from that of the shell portion is present on the surface of the shell portion. The presence of this surface layer part can further improve environmental stability, durability, and blocking resistance.
- the following method may be mentioned as a specific method for measuring the shape of the cross section of the toner.
- the resulting cured product is cut into flaky samples using a microtome equipped with diamond teeth.
- the flaky sample is stained with ruthenium tetroxide and osmium tetroxide due to a slight difference in crystallinity, and further irradiated with an electron beam to reduce the difference in contrast due to electron density.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- whether or not the toner base particles have a core Z shell structure is determined based on the observation result of a cross-sectional photograph using a transmission electron microscope according to the measurement method described above. Can be judged. A cross-sectional photograph is taken, and in the cross-sectional photograph, toner mother particles having a minor diameter of D4 soil (D4 X0.2) ⁇ are selected with respect to the toner mother particles ⁇ weight average particle diameter (D4). Particles are the object of observation. When the core part is covered with the shell part, it is judged that the core part is included. Observe a cumulative number of 100 or more, and the ratio of inclusion is obtained as the internalization rate (number%).
- the core / shell structure is formed when the encapsulation rate of the core part is in the range of 60 to 100% by number.
- the encapsulation rate of the core is less than 60% by number, the environmental stability and durability may be reduced due to the influence of the core exposed to the toner surface.
- whether or not there is a surface layer portion (hereinafter also referred to as a surface layer structure) present on the surface of the shell portion is determined based on the result of the transmission electron microscope according to the measurement method described above. can do.
- a surface layer structure In the cross-sectional photograph of the toner base particles with a short diameter of D4 soil (D4 X 0.2) / zm, the cumulative average of 100 particles is observed with respect to the weight average particle diameter (D4) of the toner base particles.
- the ratio of the toner is the toner surface layer structure ratio (number%).
- the toner surface layer structure ratio is in the range of 60 to 100%, it is determined that the surface layer structure is formed. If the toner surface layer structure ratio is less than 60% by number, the environmental stability and durability stability of the toner may be reduced.
- the surface layer portion preferably occupies 0.5 to 80% of the surface area of the toner base particles.
- the material constituting the surface layer portion present on the surface of the shell portion preferably has a molecular chain polar structure.
- the molecular chain polar structure means a molecular structure having a number of ⁇ + or ⁇ electron density states in atoms in the molecule.
- Resin molecules are composed of multiple types of atoms, each of which has its own electronegativity, and the value varies greatly depending on the atom. Of this electronegativity Due to the difference, electrons are localized in the molecule. In this localization, the state changes depending on the type, number, and bonding mode of the atoms, and the polarity of the molecular chain changes.
- a bond structure formed by condensation polymerization or addition polymerization is preferable. Specifically, ester bonds (one COO—), ether bonds (one O—), amide bonds (—CONH—), imine bonds (one NH—), urethane bonds (—NH COO—), urea bonds ( 1 NH CO NH—).
- the surface layer portion has a molecular chain polar structure
- charging stability is improved.
- toner base particles are produced in a polar solvent such as an aqueous or hydrophilic medium
- the surface layer portion having a molecular chain polar structure is more uniformly formed in the vicinity of the small toner surface. Improves charging stability at low temperature and low humidity and durability during high-speed printing.
- a resin for forming the surface layer portion a polyester resin modified with a polyester resin or a styrenic polymer is preferable, and a styrene-modified polyester resin is particularly preferable.
- Preferred examples of the polymerizable monomer that can be used to produce the toner base particles of the present invention include vinyl-based polymerizable monomers.
- vinyl-based polymerizable monomers For example, styrene; ⁇ -methyl styrene, / 3-methyl styrene, ⁇ -methyl styrene, m-methino styrene, ⁇ -methyl styrene, 2, 4-dimethyl styrene, p- n-petit / res styrene, p- tert- Butinolestyrene, p- n-hexinolessylene, p- n-octyl, p- n-nonino styrene, p- n-decyl styrene, Styrene derivatives such as p_n—dodecyl / restyrene, p-methoxy
- the shell portion is composed of a bulle polymer formed by adding the bulle-type polymerizable monomer and added bulle-type polymer.
- a styrene polymer, a styrene-acrylic copolymer, or a styrene-methacrylic copolymer is used because it efficiently covers the wax that mainly forms the inner or central portion. Is preferred.
- the material constituting the core of the toner of the present invention is preferably wax.
- wax component examples include paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, petroleum wax such as petrolatum and derivatives thereof, montan wax and derivatives thereof, hydrocarbon wax and derivatives thereof according to the Fischer-Tropsch method, Polyolefin wax such as polyethylene and polypropylene and derivatives thereof, natural wax such as carnauba wax and candelilla wax, and derivatives thereof, which include oxides, block copolymers with vinyl monomers, and graft modified products. .
- fatty acids such as higher aliphatic alcohols, stearic acid and palmitic acid, or compounds thereof, acid amide waxes, ester waxes, ketosi, hydrogenated castor oil and derivatives thereof, plant waxes, animal waxes, and silicone resins are also included.
- acid amide waxes such as higher aliphatic alcohols, stearic acid and palmitic acid, or compounds thereof, acid amide waxes, ester waxes, ketosi, hydrogenated castor oil and derivatives thereof, plant waxes, animal waxes, and silicone resins are also included.
- an ester wax a wax having one or more long-chain ester portions having 10 or more carbon atoms represented by the following formulas (1) to (6) is preferable from the viewpoint of maintaining transparency of OHP.
- n and m are integers of 0 to 15
- n and m cannot be 0 at the same time.
- a and b represent an integer of 0 to 3
- a + b represents 2 or 3
- R 1 and R 2 represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms
- R 3 represents carbon.
- the number represents an organic group of 1 or more
- c is 2 or 1
- a + b + c 4
- n and m are integers of 0 to: 15 and n and m are simultaneously 0 No.
- R1-COO-R 2 (4 ) (wherein, R 1 and R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 40, and R 1 and R 2 may be a different number of carbon be the same to each other. )
- R 1 and R 2 represent a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 40, ⁇ is an integer of 2 to 20, and R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different from each other. Good.
- the molecular weight of the wax is preferably that having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 300 to 1500. If it is less than 300, the wax tends to exude to the toner particle surface, and if it exceeds 1500, the low-temperature fixability is lowered. In particular, those having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 400 to 1250 are preferred. Furthermore, the ratio of the weight average molecular weight Z number average molecular weight (MwZMn) is preferably 1.5 or less. in this case, The peak of the DSC endothermic curve of the wax becomes sharper, the mechanical strength of the toner particles at room temperature is improved, and sharp melting characteristics are exhibited during fixing. Specific examples of the ester wax include the following compounds.
- the toner particles of the present invention preferably have an average circularity of 0.970 to 1.000 and a mode circularity of 0.98 to 1.00 for particles of 2 / m or more.
- Circularity in the present invention is a simple measure for quantitatively expressing the shape of particles.
- measurement is performed using a flow particle image analyzer FPIA-2100 manufactured by Toa Medical Electronics, and the value obtained from the following equation is defined as circularity.
- Circularity a L. / L
- Circularity in the present invention is an index of the degree of unevenness of toner particles. If the child is a perfect sphere, the circularity is 1.00, and the more complex the surface shape, the smaller the circularity.
- Toner grains having an average circularity of 0.970 to 1.000 are preferable from the viewpoint of excellent transferability. This is presumably because the contact area between the toner and the photoconductor is small, and the adhesion of the toner to the photoconductor is reduced due to the mirror image Kander de Warska. Therefore, if such a toner is used, the transfer rate is high and the transfer residual toner is greatly reduced. Therefore, the toner in the pressure contact portion between the charging member and the photosensitive member is very small, and toner fusion is prevented. Defects are considered to be significantly suppressed.
- the mode circularity is the degree of circularity from 0.40 to 1.00, 0.40 or more and less than 0.41, 0.41 or more and less than 0.42, ... (). 99 or more and 1.00 Less than or equal to 1.00 and divided into 61 every 0.01, and the measured circularity of each particle is assigned to each divided range, and the circularity frequency distribution shows the maximum frequency value in the circularity frequency distribution.
- a mode circularity of 0.98 to 1.00 means that most of the toner particles have a shape close to a true sphere.
- the decrease in the adhesion force of the toner to the photoreceptor due to the Delwars force becomes even more remarkable, and the transfer efficiency is very high, which is preferable.
- charge control agents those having little polymerization inhibition and aqueous phase transfer are preferred.
- a positive charge control agent niggin syn dye, triphenyl methane dye, quaternary ammonium salt, guanidine derivative, imidazole derivative, amine compound and the like can be mentioned.
- negative charge control agent Genus salicylic acid copolymer, metal-containing monoazo dye compound, urea derivative, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer, styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer.
- the addition amount of these charge control agents is preferably 0.1 to 0% by mass with respect to the binder resin or polymer monomer.
- the polymerization initiators used in the production of the toner base particles by the polymerization method are 2, 2, —azobis 1 (2, 4-givaleronitrile), 2, 2, 1azobisisobutyronitrile, 1 , 1 '— Azobis (cyclohexane 1 _ carbonitrile), 2, 2' — Azobis 1 4-Methoxy-1, 2, 4-dimethylvaleronitrile, Azobis such as isopytonitrile, or Diazo Polymerization initiators: Peroxide-based polymerization initiation such as benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, diisopropyloxy carbonate, tamen hydroperoxide, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, lauroyl belloxide Agents. These polymerization initiators are preferably added in an amount of 0.5 to 20% by mass based on the polymerizable monomer, and may be used alone or in combination.
- a chain transfer agent may be added.
- a preferable additive amount is 0.001 to 15% by mass with respect to the polymerizable monomer.
- a crosslinking agent may be added.
- a crosslinkable monomer such as divinylbenzene, bis (4-aryloxypolyethoxyphenyl) propane, ethylene glycol ditalylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate.
- Polyfunctional crosslinkable monomers include pentaerythritol tritalylate, trimethylolethane tritalylate, trimethylolpropane tritalylate, tetramethylol methane tetraacrylate, oligoester acrylate and its methacrylate, 2, 2-bis (4-methacryloxy 'polyoxyphenyl) propane, diacryl phthalate, triaryl cyanurate, triaryl isocyanurate, triarino trimellitate, .diaryl chloride.
- a preferable addition amount is 0.0% of the polymerizable monomer.
- the additive preferably has a particle size of l Z i 0 or less of the weight average particle size of the toner base particles from the viewpoint of durability when added to the toner base particles.
- the particle diameter of the additive means the average particle diameter obtained by observing the surface of the toner base particles with an electron microscope.
- additives for the purpose of imparting these properties for example, the following are used.
- Fluidity imparting agent metal oxide (for example, silica, alumina, titanium oxide>, carbon black, and carbon fluoride. Each of which has been subjected to a hydrophobization treatment is more preferable.
- Abrasives metal oxides (eg strontium titanate, cerium oxide, alumina, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide), nitrides (eg silicon nitride), carbides (eg silicon carbide), metal salts (eg calcium sulfate) , Barium sulfate, calcium carbonate).
- metal oxides eg strontium titanate, cerium oxide, alumina, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide
- nitrides eg silicon nitride
- carbides eg silicon carbide
- metal salts eg calcium sulfate
- Barium sulfate calcium carbonate
- Lubricant Fluorine resin powder (eg vinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene), fatty acid metal salt (eg zinc stearate, calcium stearate) Um).
- Fluorine resin powder eg vinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene
- fatty acid metal salt eg zinc stearate, calcium stearate
- Charge controllable particles metal oxides' (eg tin oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, silica, alumina), carbon black.
- additives are used in an amount of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of toner base particles. These additives may be used alone or in combination.
- the toner particles preferably have a weight average particle diameter (D4) of 2.0 to 12.0 ⁇ , more preferably 4.0 to 9.0 / im, and even more preferably 5.0 to 8.0. ⁇ .
- D4 weight average particle diameter
- the glass transition point (Tg) of the toner particles is preferably 40 to 100 ° C, more preferably 40 to 80 ° C, particularly preferably 45 to 0 ° C.
- Tg glass transition point
- the glass transition point is less than 40 ° C, the blocking resistance of the toner is reduced.
- the glass transition point exceeds 100 ° C, the low-temperature offset resistance of the toner and the transparency of the transmitted image of the overhead projector film are reduced.
- the content of insoluble THF in the toner particles is 0.1 to 20.0 mass. Preferably it is / 0 . If the THF-insoluble content is less than 0.1% by mass, the high-temperature offset resistance tends to decrease, and if it exceeds 20.0% by mass, the low-temperature fixability tends to decrease.
- the THF insoluble content of the toner particles refers to the mass ratio of the ultrahigh polymer component (substantially crosslinked polymer) that has become insoluble in the THF solvent.
- the THF insoluble content of the toner is defined by the values measured as follows.
- Insoluble matter (mass%) ( 1 ⁇ 1 — (W 3 + W 2 )) / (W ⁇ Wa)
- XI 00 ⁇ Naichi's THF-insoluble matter depends on the degree of polymerization and crosslinking of the binder resin. It is possible to adjust.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of the soluble portion of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the toner particles is preferably 15 000 to 80000. Such toner particles exhibit good environmental stability and durability stability. Furthermore, it is preferable that the weight average molecular weight in the toner / permeation chromatography (GPC) of the tetrahydrofuran (THF) soluble content in the toner particles is 20000-50. If the weight average molecular weight in gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of the soluble content of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the toner particles is less than 15000, the blocking resistance and durability will be reduced. In some cases, it becomes difficult to obtain a low-temperature fixability and a high dalos image.
- the ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight (Mw / Mn) in the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of the soluble portion of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the toner particles is 5 to 100. It is preferable that When the ratio (MwZMn) is less than 5, the fixable temperature range is narrow, and when it is 100 or more, the low temperature fixability tends to be inferior.
- dispersion stabilizers may be used as the toner stabilizer used when producing the toner base particles using the polymerization method.
- organic compound polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, methylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, ethylcellulose, sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid and its salt, polymethacrylic acid and its salt, and starch can be used. .
- inorganic compounds include tricalcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, Zinc phosphate, aluminum phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium metasilicate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, bentonite, silica, and alna can be used. .
- the inorganic compound when used, a commercially available one may be used as it is, but in order to obtain fine particles, the inorganic compound may be generated in an aqueous dispersion medium.
- calcium phosphate can be produced by mixing an aqueous sodium phosphate solution and an aqueous chloride chloride solution under high agitation.
- dispersion stabilizers are preferably used in an amount of 0.2 to 20.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer.
- a surfactant may be used with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer monomer. This is to promote the initial action of the dispersion stabilizer.
- Specific examples include sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, sodium pentadecyl sulfate, sodium octyl sulfate, sodium oleate, sodium laurate, sodium octylate, sodium stearate, and calcium oleate. It is done.
- black pigments include carbon black, phosphorus black, non-magnetic ferrite, and magnetite.
- Yellow pigments include yellow iron oxide, Navel Swierlo, Naphthol Yellow
- Condensed azo compounds such as S, Nonzaero G, Nonzaero 10 G, Benzine Yellow G, Benzine Yellow GR, Kislin Yellow Lake, Permanent Yellow NCG, Tartrazine Lake, isoindolinone compound, anthraquinone compound, azo Metal complexes, methine compounds, arylamide compounds are used. It is. Specifically, CI pigment yellow 12, 13, 14, 15, 1 7, 62, 74, 83, 93, 94, 95, 109, 1 10, 1 1 1, 128, 129, 147, 155, 168 180, etc. are preferably used.
- orange pigments examples include permanent orange GTR, pyrazolone orange, vulcan orange, benzidine orange G, indanthrene brilliant orange RK: and indanthrene brilliant orange GK.
- Red pigments include Bengala, Permanentredo 4R, Risor Red, Pyrazolone Red, Watching Red Canolecium, Lake Red C, Lake D, Brilliant Carmine 6 B, Brilliant Carmine 3 B, Eoxin Lake, Rhodamine Lake B, Alizarin Lake
- condensed azo compounds diketopyrrolopyrrole compounds, anthraquinones, quinacridone compounds, basic dye lake compounds, naphthol compounds, benzimidazolone compounds, thioindigo compounds, and perylene compounds.
- Blue pigments include copper phthalocyanine, such as Al Power Li-Blue Lake, Victoria Blue Lake, Phthalocyanine / Lay, Metal-free Phthalocyanine Buzole, Phthalocyanine / Lay Partial Chloride, Fasts Power Eve / Lay, Induslen Blue BG Compounds and their derivatives, anthraquinone compounds, basic dye lake compounds and the like. Specifically, CI Pigment Blue 1, 7, 15, 15: 1, 15: 2, 15: 3, 15: 4, 60, 62, 66, etc. are particularly preferred. Examples of purple pigments include Fast Violet B and Methyl Violet Lake.
- green pigments examples include Pigment Green B, Malachite Green Lake, and Final Yellow Green G.
- white pigment zinc white
- oxidation Examples include titanium, antimony white, and zinc sulfide.
- colorants can be used alone or in combination, and further in the form of a solid solution.
- toner mother particles using the polymerization method it is necessary to pay attention to the polymerization inhibition property and the dispersion medium migration property of the colorant.
- surface modification may be performed by subjecting a colorant made of a substance having no polymerization inhibitory property to surface treatment.
- dyes and carbon black have many polymerization inhibiting properties, so care must be taken when using them.
- a preferable method for treating the dye includes a method in which a polymerizable monomer is polymerized in the presence of these dyes in advance. The obtained colored polymer is added to the polymerizable monomer composition.
- Carbon black may be treated with a substance that reacts with the surface functional group of carbon black (for example, organosiloxane) in addition to the same treatment as the above dye.
- the toner of the present invention can be used for both non-magnetic toner and magnetic toner.
- a magnetic material may be contained therein.
- a magnetic substance a substance that is magnetized in a magnetic field is used.
- a powder of a ferromagnetic metal such as iron, cobalt, or nickel, or a magnetic iron oxide such as magnetite or ferrite.
- a powder of a ferromagnetic metal such as iron, cobalt, or nickel
- a magnetic iron oxide such as magnetite or ferrite.
- surface modification for example, with a substance that does not inhibit polymerization
- surface treatment is performed.
- the temperature may be raised in the latter half of the polymerization reaction, and in order to remove unreacted polymerizable monomers or by-products, a part of the dispersion medium is added in the latter half of the reaction or after the completion of the polymerization reaction. May be distilled off from the reaction system. After completion of the reaction, the produced toner mother particles are washed, collected by filtration and dried.
- M-DSC TA-Instrument
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the integrated value of heat (jZg) converted to the amount of heat per gram of toner is obtained using the reparsing heat flow curve obtained from the above measurement.
- the analysis software Universal Analysis Ver. 2.5 H (TA Instruments), and use the Integral Peak Linear function to connect the measurement points at 40 ° C and 130 ° C with an endothermic curve. Obtained from the area surrounded by.
- Electrolyte solution (I SOTON-II; manufactured by Coulter Co., Ltd.) 100-; Add 0.1-5 ml of surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) to 150 ml, and add 2-20 mg of measurement sample to it To do.
- surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
- a reactor equipped with a dropping funnel, a Liebig condenser, a nitrogen-filled pipe (nitrogen flow rate: 1 ⁇ Oml / min) and a stirrer was charged with 35 parts of xylene and heated to 135.
- a mixture of 13 parts of tert-butyl peroxide was charged into a dropping funnel and dropped into xylene at 135 ° C. over 2 hours at normal pressure (101.3 K Pa).
- Negative charge control agent (3,5-G-tert-butylsalicylic acid aluminum compound
- the above materials were stirred for 3 hours using an attritor, and each component was dispersed in the polymerizable monomer to prepare a monomer mixture.
- the monomer mixture was added with 1,0,3,3-tetramethylbutyloxy-2-ethylhexanoate (20%) (toluene solution 50%) as a polymerization initiator, and polymerized.
- a monomer composition was prepared.
- the polymerizable monomer composition was put into an aqueous dispersion medium, and granulated for 5 minutes while maintaining the rotation speed of the stirrer at 10,00 rpm. Then, the high-speed stirrer was changed to a propeller-type stirrer, the internal temperature was raised to 70 ° C, and the reaction was allowed to proceed for 6 hours with slow stirring.
- the raw materials are shown in Table 2.
- toner mother particles 1 having a weight average particle diameter (D4) of 6.2 ⁇ .
- the resulting toner base particle 1 (100 parts) has a specific surface area by BET method
- Toner particles (1) were obtained by externally adding 2.0 parts of hydrophobic silica of 200 m 2 Zg and 0.1 part of titanium oxide having a specific surface area of 10 On ⁇ Zg by BET method. The other physical properties of the toner particles (1) were measured and are shown in Table 1.
- Table 1 shows the results of measurement of the molecular weight distribution of the toner particles (1) measured by GPC of the THF-soluble component.
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toner particles (1) measured by the flow tester heating method.
- Fixing unit of full-color laser beam printer (LBP-2510, manufactured by Canon). Fixing temperature is adjusted by adjusting the fixing unit so that the degree can be adjusted. Fixing temperature at 1 2 Omm / sec. 1 1 0-250 ° C In this range, an unfixed toner image (0.5 mg / cm 2 ) was heated and pressed without oil on an image receiving paper (75 gZm 2 ) at intervals of 5 ° C. to form a fixed image on the image receiving paper.
- the fixed image is rubbed 10 times with a Kimwipe (S-200; manufactured by Crecia Co., Ltd.) with a load of 75 g / cm 2 , and the temperature range where the density reduction rate before and after rubbing is less than 5% can be fixed. And the fixability was evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
- the fixed image area was measured using a SPI capture filter.
- the development streak was evaluated based on the following criteria from a halftone image (toner applied amount of 0.30 mg cm 2 ) printed out after printing 10,000 sheets. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
- a modified fuser that has been modified so that the fixing temperature of the full-color laser beam printer (LB P-2 5 1 0, manufactured by Canon) can be adjusted at intervals of 5 ° C in the range of 110 ° to 2500 ° C. Use process speed 1 2 Omm / se. And fixed.
- an unfixed toner image (0.5 mgZ cm 2 ) was heated and pressurized oillessly on recording paper (75 g / m 2 ) to form a fixed image on the recording paper.
- the fixed image is rubbed 10 times with Kimwipe (S—200, manufactured by Crecia Co., Ltd.) with a load of 75 g / cm 2 , fixing the temperature range where the density decrease rate before and after rubbing is less than 5%. It was defined as the possible temperature range and Daros was evaluated.
- the image in the fixed image area was measured for dalos value (incident light 75 °) using a handy gloss meter Glossicker IG-310 (manufactured by Horiba Seisakusho).
- the highest dalos value in the fixed image area was designated as Daros Ma X, and the fixing temperature at that time was designated as Daros Ma X fixing temperature (° C).
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
- the abundance ratio of double bonds in the resin is as follows: — The hydrogen spectrum of the methine group around 4.6 to 4.9 p pm (corresponding to 1 H each) and 5.0 to 5.2 p pm in the NMR spectrum This was done by confirming the hydrogen signal of the methine group (equivalent to 1 H each).
- Measuring device FT NMR device J NM-EX400 (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.) Measuring frequency: 40 OMH z
- Measurement temperature 6 Sample: The sample 5 Omg placed in a sample tube having an inner diameter of 5 mm, a CDC 1 3 was added as a solvent, which was dissolved in a thermostat ⁇ of 40 ° C prepared. ⁇ Examples 2 to 7>
- Toner particles 2 to 7 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the formulation shown in Table 2 was used. However, when preparing toner particles (2), (3), (5) to (7), the amount of hydrophobic silica added was changed to 0.8 parts.
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toner particles (2) to (7) measured by the flow tester heating method.
- the toner particles (2) to (7) are set in the laser beam printer (Canon: LBP-2510) modified machine cartridge as in Example 1, and the image evaluation and fixing evaluation are the same as in Example 1. Went.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
- Example 2 In contrast to the slurry 1 (100 parts) obtained in Example 1, as a stirring medium, a ferrite carrier having a volume average particle size of 4 O / zm and surface-coated with styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (In addition, the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C for 1 hour with uniform stirring using a stirring blade. After cooling to 30 ° C., the ferrite carrier was removed using a magnet, and the dispersion stabilizer was removed by adding diluted hydrochloric acid to the remaining polymer particles. Further, the toner base particles 8 were obtained by filtration, washing, and drying.
- Example 2 The measurement of the molecular weight distribution of the toner particles (8) thus struck was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 .
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toner particles (8) measured by the flow tester heating method.
- Example 9 In the same manner as in Example 1, the toner particles (8) were set in a process cartridge of a laser beam printer (manufactured by Canon: LBP-2510) modified machine, and the same image evaluation and fixing evaluation as in Example 1 were performed. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5. ⁇ Example 9>
- the oxidation reaction was continued while blowing air, and the pH was adjusted to about 6 at the end of the oxidation reaction to complete the oxidation reaction.
- the produced iron oxide particles were washed out, filtered, and redispersed in another water without drying.
- the pH of this re-dispersed liquid was adjusted, and 2.5 parts of n-xyltrimethoxysilane coupling agent was added to 100 parts of magnetic iron oxide with sufficient stirring, followed by thorough stirring.
- the produced hydrophobic iron oxide particles were washed, filtered, and dried, and then the aggregated particles were unraveled to obtain a hydrophobic magnetic iron oxide having a number average particle size of 0.17 / m. .
- Styrene 124 parts n-Butyl acrylate 36 parts Hydrophobic magnetic iron oxide 190 parts Styrene-based tree moon (1) 40 parts Polyester-based tree
- Negative charge control agent aluminum compound of 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylic acid
- the inside of the container was gradually cooled to 30 ° C. at a cooling rate of 1 per minute, and slurry 2 was obtained.
- the dispersion stabilizer was removed by adding dilute hydrochloric acid to the container containing the slurry 2. Further, it was filtered, washed and dried to obtain polymer particles (toner mother particles 9) having a weight average particle diameter of 5.7 ⁇ .
- the resulting toner base particle 9 (100 parts) has a specific surface area by BET method
- Toner particles (9) were obtained by externally adding 1.0 part of hydrophobic silica of 120 m 2 Zg. Measured values of other toner properties of toner particles (9) Are shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 shows the measurement results of the molecular weight distribution measured by GPC of the THF soluble part of toner (9).
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toner (9) measured by the flow tester heating method.
- L B P— 2 1 60 (Canon) remodeling machine removing the fixing device and remodeling the process speed to 1 2 Omm no sec
- Example 2 Use the LBP-2 1 60 remodeling machine for unfixed images, and fix the LBP-2 5 1 0 (Canon) fixing unit as in Example 1 so that the fixing temperature can be adjusted.
- a modified LB P—2 5 1 0 modified fuser was used.
- Toner base particles 10 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the formulation shown in Table 2 was used.
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toner (10) measured by the flow tester “temperature raising method”.
- toner particles (10) were set in a process cartridge of a laser beam printer (manufactured by Canon Inc .: LBP-2510) modified machine, and image evaluation and fixing evaluation were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
- Toner particles 11 to 16 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the formulation shown in Table 2 was used. However, when toner particles (13) to (15) were prepared, the amount of hydrophobic silica added was changed to 0.8 parts.
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of toner particles (11) to (16) measured by the flow tester temperature rising method.
- Example 1 As in Example 1, set toner particles (1 1) to (16) in the laser beam printer 1 (Canon: LBP-2510) in the process cartridge of the modified machine, and perform the same image evaluation and fixing evaluation as in Example 1. went. The results are also shown in Table 5.
- the obtained toner base particles 17 (100 parts) have 2.0 parts of hydrophobic silica with a BET specific surface area of 200 m 2 / g and a specific surface area of 10 Om 2 nog with the BET method.
- Toner particles (17) were obtained by externally adding 0.1 part of titanium oxide.
- Table 2 shows the physical properties of Toner Particles (17).
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toner particles (17) measured by the flow tester heating method.
- Toner base particles 18 were obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 7, except that 180 parts of styrene resin (4) and 20 parts of styrene resin (12) were used as the styrene resin.
- toner base particles 18 100 parts
- 2.0 parts of hydrophobic silica having a specific surface area of 20 Om 2 / g by BET method and titanium oxide having a specific surface area of 100 m 2 Zg by BET method 0.1 part of the toner was externally added to obtain toner particles (18).
- Table 2 shows the physical properties of Toner Particles (18).
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toner particles (18) measured by the flow tester heating method.
- toner base particles 19 to 20 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the physical properties of Toner Particles (19) to (20).
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toner particles (19) to (20) measured by the flow tester heating method.
- Example 1 As in Example 1, set toner particles (19) to (20) in the laser beam printer 1 (Canon: LBP-2510) in the process cartridge of the modified machine, and perform the same image evaluation and fixing evaluation as in Example 1. It was. The evaluation results are also shown in Table 5.
- colorant dispersion (C) a dispersion of colorant fine particles (hereinafter referred to as “colorant dispersion (C)
- ELS—800j electrophoretic light scattering photometer
- Polypropylene ( ⁇ ) produced by an ordinary synthesis method was used for thermal decomposition in a heat-melted state to obtain polypropylene release agent fine particles.
- the obtained polypropylene (1.05 kg) was added to a surfactant (nonylphenoloxy) aqueous solution (2.45 kg), and the pH was adjusted to 9 using potassium hydroxide.
- This system is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point of the release agent under pressure, and a milky whey dispersion treatment of the release agent is performed, whereby dispersion of release agent particles having a solid content of 30% by mass is performed.
- a liquid was prepared. This dispersion was designated as “release agent dispersion 3 ⁇ 4 wi”.
- Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Peel 9 Example 10 Toner mother toner Toner toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Toner Particles 1 Base particles 2 Base particles 3 Base particles 4 Base particles 5 Base particles 6 Base particles 7 Base particles 8 Base particles in 9 Base particles 10 Styrene ⁇ : 124,0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0! 24.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 —Butyl
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Abstract
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KR1020087024827A KR101102202B1 (ko) | 2006-03-13 | 2006-06-28 | 토너 및 토너의 제조 방법 |
CN2006800538075A CN101401041B (zh) | 2006-03-13 | 2006-06-28 | 调色剂及其制造方法 |
EP06767870.6A EP2009504B1 (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2006-06-28 | Toner and process for producing said toner |
US11/739,983 US7459253B2 (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-04-25 | Toner and method of producing toner |
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JP2009075379A (ja) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-04-09 | Canon Inc | 画像形成方法 |
WO2009044726A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-09 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | トナー |
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EP2009504B1 (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2016-09-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner and process for producing said toner |
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- 2006-06-28 WO PCT/JP2006/313364 patent/WO2007105318A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-06-28 KR KR1020087024827A patent/KR101102202B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-06-28 CN CN2006800538075A patent/CN101401041B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-11 JP JP2006277749A patent/JP5035955B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2009075379A (ja) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-04-09 | Canon Inc | 画像形成方法 |
WO2009044726A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-09 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | トナー |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2007279666A (ja) | 2007-10-25 |
US7459253B2 (en) | 2008-12-02 |
US20070212631A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
EP2009504B1 (en) | 2016-09-14 |
JP5035955B2 (ja) | 2012-09-26 |
EP2009504A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
CN101401041B (zh) | 2012-06-13 |
EP2009504A4 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
KR20080108288A (ko) | 2008-12-12 |
CN101401041A (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
KR101102202B1 (ko) | 2012-01-05 |
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